WIRELESS COMMUNICATIONS DIVISION TQ9203 VDD DATA SHEET Mixer IF out Mixer LO In Mixer RF In LNA IN0 Select Low-Current Cellular Band Downconverter IC LNA out LNA IN1 GND Features LO Tune §+5-V single supply §Internal buffer amplifier on mixer LO port Product Description §On-chip matching to 50Ω The TQ9203 RFIC Downconverter is a multifunction RF front end designed for the high dynamic range cellular communications standards. The design of the TQ9203 provides a 2.5dB system noise figure for excellent sensitivity, and a good signal range with –10dBm input IP3. Its low current consumption, single +5V operation and small, plastic surface-mount package are ideally suited for cost-competitive, spacelimited and portable applications. In addition, two selectable RF inputs simplify implementation of “antenna diversity”in applications such as CDPD. The TQ9203 is specified over a RF frequency range of 800 to 1000MHz, and therefore may be used for any of the cellular and cordless telephony standards. §Two selectable RF inputs §Low-cost SO-14 plastic package §21dB system gain §-10dBm typical input intercept point §2.5dB typ. system noise figure §10.5mA typ. operating current Electrical Specifications1 Parameter Min Frequency 800 Typ Max Units 1000 MHz Applications Gain 21.0 dB §Cellular Communications Noise Figure 2.5 dB §Spread-Spectrum Receivers Input 3rd Order Intercept -10.0 dBm DC supply Current 10.5 mA Note §Cordless Phones 1. Test Conditions: Vdd=5V, Ta=25C, filter IL=3.0dB, RF=881MHz, LO=966MHz, IF=85MHz, LO input=-6dBm 2. Specified with external noise-matching circuit elements, with image-stripping BPF IL=3dB 3. Frequency separation of the two signals is 500KHz; BPF IL=3dB Electrical Characteristics For additional information and latest specifications, see our website: www.triquint.com 1 TQ9203 Data Sheet Parameter Conditions Min. RF Frequency Tuned external match LO Frequency IF Frequency Max. Units 800 1000 MHz Tuned external match 700 1300 MHz Tuned external match 30 300 MHz LO input level Typ/Nom -6 Supply voltage dBm 4.5 5.0 5.5 V 18.0 21.0 dB Gain (LNA IN1) LO=-6dBm, RF=-35dBm Gain (LNA IN0) LO=-6dBm, RF=-35dBm 21.0 dB Noise Figure LNA IN0 Pin; SSB 2.8 dB LNA IN1 Pin; SSB 2.5 Input 3rd Order Intercept Frequency Sep. = 500KHz Return Loss dB -10.0 dBm Mixer RF input 10 dB Mixer LO input 10 dB LNA OUT Return Loss 20 dB Supply Current Note 3.0 10.5 12 mA 1. Test Conditions:, Vdd=5.0V, Ta=25C, filter IL=3.0dB, RF=881MHz, LO=966MHz, IF=85MHz, LO input=-6dBm: unless otherwise specified. 2. Conversion gain, noise figure, and IP3 assume an image stripping band-pass filter between the LNA section and the Mixer section with a 3dB insertion loss. Electrical Characteristics-LNA section only Parameter Conditions Gain RF=-40dBm 18.0 dB Noise Figure LNA0 Active 2.1 dB LNA1 Active 1.8 dB +13.0 dBm 1.5 dBm Input 3rd Order Intercept Min. Separation: 500KHz Output Gain Compression Typ/Nom Max. Units Off Isolation, LNA In1/Out Select=0V, LNAo On -7 dB Off Isolation, LNA In0/Out Select=5C, LNA1 On -5 dB 38.0 dB Reverse Isolation Supply Voltage Supply Current Note 4.5 Mixer Off(2) Powered down 5.0 8.8 5.5 V mA 1. Test Conditions:, Vdd=5.0V, Ta=25C, RF=881MHz. 2. Vdd pin supplies connect to both the LNA and the LO buffer amps. Mixer cannot operate without Vdd connection. Mixer Vdd through the IF pin connects only to the mixer FET. 2 For additional information and latest specifications, see our website: www.triquint.com TQ9203 Data Sheet Electrical Characteristics- Mixer section only Parameter Conditions Min. Conversion Gain Typ/Nom Max. Units 0 dB Noise Figure 12.0 dB Output 3rd Order Intercept 10.0 dBm Mixer RF Return Loss 15.0 dB Mixer LO Return Loss 10.0 dB LO Input Power -6.0 dBm LO to IF Isolation 40.0 dB LO to RF Isolation 5.0 dB RF to IF Isolation 40.0 dB Supply Current 4.0 mA Note 1: Test Conditions:, Vdd=5.0V, Ta=25C, filter IL=3.0dB, RF=881MHz, LO=996MHz, IF=85MHz, LO input=-6dBm: unless otherwise specified. -Absolute Maximum Ratings Parameter Value Units DC Power Supply 8.0 V RF Input Power +10 dBm Operating Temperature -40 to 85 C Storage Temperature -55 to 150 C For additional information and latest specifications, see our website: www.triquint.com 3 TQ9203 Data Sheet Typical Performance Test Conditions (Unless Otherwise Specified): Vdd=5.0V, Ta=25C, filter IL=3.0dB, RF=881MHz, LO=996MHz, IF=85MHz, LO input=-6dBm Conversion Gain vs. Freq. vs. Temp. 23 22 21 20 19 18 17 16 15 14 LNA Performance Noise Figure vs. Freq. vs. Temp. 3 Noise Figure (dB) Gain (dB) 2.5 -40C +25C +85C 2 1.5 1 +85C +25C -40C 0.5 0 869 872 875 878 881 884 887 890 893 Freq. (MHz) 869 872 875 -6 Gain (dB) Input IP3 (dB) -8 -9 17 16 15 14 -40C +25C +85C 13 12 -12 869 872 875 878 881 884 Freq. (MHz) 887 893 18 -11 890 869 893 872 875 878 881 884 Freq. (MHz) 887 890 893 LNA Performance IP3 vs. Freq. vs. Temp. Noise Figure vs. Freq. vs. Temp. 13.5 4 3.5 13 3 Input IP3 (dB) Noise Figure (dB) 890 19 -40C +25C +85C -10 2.5 2 1.5 1 +85C +25C -40C 0.5 0 869 872 875 878 881 884 887 890 -40C +25C +85C 12.5 12 11.5 11 893 869 872 Freq (MHz) 4 887 LNA Performance Gain vs. Freq. vs. Temp. Input IP3 vs. Freq. vs. Temp. -7 878 881 884 Freq. (MHz) For additional information and latest specifications, see our website: www.triquint.com 875 878 881 884 Freq. (MHz) 887 890 893 TQ9203 Data Sheet LNA Performance Gain vs. Vdd vs. Freq. Mixer Performance Noise Figure vs. Freq. vs. Temp. 14 17 13 Noise Figure (dB) 17.5 Gain (dB) 16.5 16 820MHz 881MHz 947MHz 15.5 15 12 11 10 -40C +25C +85C 9 14.5 8 4 4.5 5 5.5 6 869 872 875 878 881 884 Freq. (MHz) Vdd (V) 16 11 15 10 14 9 13 12 11 820MHz 881MHz 947MHz 10 9 7 6 -40C +25C +85C 4 4.5 5 Vdd (V) 5.5 6 869 872 Mixer Performance Gain vs. Freq. vs. Temp. Gain (dB): Input IP3 (dBm) Gain (dB) 5 4 3 2 -40C +25C +85C 1 0 872 875 878 881 884 Freq. (MHz) 875 878 881 884 Freq. (MHz) 887 890 893 Mixer Performance Gain vs. Input IP3 vs. LO Power 6 869 893 8 5 8 4 890 Mixer Performance IP3 vs. Freq. vs. Temp. Input IP3 (dB) Output IP3 (dB) LNA Performance IP3 vs. Vdd vs. Freq. 887 887 890 893 10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 Gain 881MHz IP3 881MHz -8 -6 -4 -2 LO Power (dBm) For additional information and latest specifications, see our website: www.triquint.com 0 5 TQ9203 Data Sheet LNA0 S-Parameters, VDD=5.0V Freq |S11| <S11 |S21| <S21 |S12| <S12 |S22| <S22 800 0.76 -39 4.30 4 0.0033 -161 0.25 -110 825 0.75 -40 4.42 -2 0.0034 -158 0.16 -120 850 0.74 -41 4.50 -8 0.0038 -160 0.10 -138 875 0.73 -42 4.54 -13 0.0044 -164 0.05 167 900 0.72 -43 4.58 -22 0.0047 -170 0.07 93 925 0.71 -43 4.57 -28 0.0051 -174 0.12 75 950 0.71 -44 4.53 -34 0.0054 -178 0.18 60 975 0.70 -46 4.50 -38 0.0056 178 0.23 52 1000 0.70 -47 4.43 -45 0.0062 174 0.29 47 LNA1 S-Parameters, Vdd=5.0V Freq |S11| <S11 |S21| <S21 |S12| <S12 |S22| <S22 800 0.82 -40 4.55 17 0.0058 171 0.30 -94 825 0.82 -41 4.70 10 0.0061 166 0.23 -98 850 0.82 -42 4.82 4 0.0067 161 0.16 -100 875 0.81 -43 4.92 -2 0.0069 156 0.09 -99 900 0.81 -45 4.97 -8 0.0075 151 0.03 -69 925 0.80 -46 5.00 -13 0.0078 150 0.05 24 950 0.80 -47 4.99 -19 0.0079 145 0.11 37 975 0.79 -48 4.97 -24 0.0078 142 0.16 37 1000 0.79 -49 4.94 -29 0.0085 142 0.21 36 LNA0 Noise Parameters, Vdd=5.0V LNA1 Noise Parameters, Vdd=5.0V Freq Fmin Γopt Γopt Rnoise Freq Fmin Γopt Γopt Rnoise (MHz) (dB) (mag) (ang) (Ω ) (MHz) (dB) (mag) (ang) (Ω ) 820 1.51 0.65 26.5 40.1 820 1.30 0.67 27.4 38.9 881 1.54 0.65 29.0 40.0 881 1.33 0.66 30.4 39.9 915 1.57 0.64 30.5 39.9 915 1.36 0.66 31.5 39.9 947 1.60 0.64 32.0 39.9 947 1.39 0.66 32.7 38.7 6 For additional information and latest specifications, see our website: www.triquint.com TQ9203 Data Sheet Mixer S-Parameters, 5.0V Freq (MHz) RF IN |S11| RF IN <S11 LO IN |S11| LO IN <S11 700 0.36 -42 0.21 -48 750 0.36 -45 0.19 -44 800 0.35 -45 0.17 -40 850 0.34 -46 0.15 -33 900 0.33 -47 0.13 -14 950 0.34 -45 0.17 6 1000 0.40 -47 0.26 0 1050 0.39 -56 0.33 -23 1100 0.39 -60 0.31 -37 Mixer S-Parameters, 5.0V Freq (MHz) Mixer IF Out |S11| Mixer IF Out <S11 50 0.993 -2 75 0.991 -2 100 0.991 -2 125 0.994 -3 150 0.995 -4 175 0.995 -4 200 0.994 -5 225 0.994 -5 250 0.994 -6 For additional information and latest specifications, see our website: www.triquint.com 7 TQ9203 Data Sheet Application/Test Circuit C5 R2 Vdd C8 L5 Mixer LO In 1 C7 14 Mixer IF Out C6 L3 R1 Vdd 2 13 C3 3 12 4 11 5 10 6 9 7 8 Mixer RF In L4 C1 RF In LNA out L1 Bill of Material for TQ9203 Receiver Application/Test Circuit Component Reference Designator Part Number Value Size Manufacturer Receiver IC U1 TQ9203 SO-14 TriQuint Semiconductor Capacitor C1 1.5pF 0402 Capacitor C3, C8 0.01µF 0402 Capacitor C5, C6 33pF 0402 Capacitor C7 5.6pF 0402 Inductor L1, L3, L4 12nH 0402 Inductor L5 470nH 0402 Resistor R1, R2 10 ohm 0603 *Component values for L5, C6, and C7 depend upon the IF frequency and the IF filter impedance. R1 and R2 are optional. Here they are chosen for an 85MHz IF and 50W load. 8 For additional information and latest specifications, see our website: www.triquint.com TQ9203 Data Sheet TQ9203 Product Description The TQ9203 efficiently integrates a low-noise amplifier and high-intercept mixer, with performance equal to a discrete implementation, though use of circuit techniques from monolithic and discrete design practices. The LNA consists of two cascaded common-source amplifier stages, using a “DCstacked”topology, in which the same DC current flows through both stages. An external noise match is used to achieve optimum noise figure. Matching is performed with PC board microstrip lines or lumped-elements surface-mount components, using simple, well understood networks. The output on-chip impedance is matched to 50 ohms. The mixer is implemented as a “cascode”stage operating like a dual-gate FET mixer. A common-gate LO buffer provides the necessary gain to drive the mixer FET gate and establishes a good input match. The on-chip buffer amplifier allows for direct connection to a commercial VCO at drive levels down to –6dBm. An “open collector”IF output allows for flexibility, matching to various Ifs and filter types. The two topologies efficiently use the supply current for lowpower operation, approximately 10mA with a 5V supply. The overall circuit provides a distinct performance edge over silicon monolithic designs in terms of input intercept, noise figure and gain. Specifically, the circuit was intended for use in the following applications: cellular (AMPS, NADC, GSM, JDC, ETACS, etc.) and ISM band (902 – 928MHz). In addition, two selectable LNA inputs are available. They are implemented through the use of two independent first stages, each connected to the second-stage input. A SELECT pin controls which input is active by steering the current through the selected input stage and cutting it off from the other. This provides the optional functionality of a diversity switch in front of the LNA, but without the insertion loss and noise figure penalty from the switch. Operation Please refer to the test circuit above. Power Supply Connection The TQ9203 was designed to operate within specifications over the power supply range of 4.5 to 5.5V, although it will function over a range of 4.0 to 6.0V. The internal biasing maintains stable operating points with varying supply voltage. However, the electrical parameters do vary slightly with supply voltage. Internally, the downconverter has 50pF of capacitance from Vdd to ground for RF decoupling of the supply line. This should be augmented with additional decoupling capacitance: 1000pF connected externally within 5mm of the package pin. A 10-ohm series resistor in the Vdd line may also be added (optionally) to provide some filtering of supply line noise. Connections to ground should go directly to a low-impedance ground plane. Therefore, it is recommended that multiple via holes to the ground plane occur within 2mm on the inside of the package pins. LNA Input Interfacing The TQ9203 LNA was designed for low-noise operation. It makes use of an optimum noise-matching network at the input, not a conjugate match, as would be used for maximum power transfer (although gamma optimum is near the conjugate match). Gamma optimum is referenced from the LNA input into the noise-match network in series with 50 ohms. The gamma optimum and the noise parameters for selected frequencies are shown in the LNA Noise Parameters table. There are several options for the physical realization of gamma optimum: a series-shunt microstrip transmission line network, a series capacitor/shunt inductor, and a series inductor. Ideal values for these components are included in the Noise Parameters table. The microstrip transmission lines can easily be constructed on FR-4 or G-10 circuit boards, using standard design techniques. The lumped-element components are surface-mount elements designed for RF use. Slight adjustments in the actual values of the elements are likely, due to the effects of component parasitics. It is important that the board-level circuit establishes an impedance of gamma optimum, measure at the solder pad of pin 6. Proper board design for gamma optimum eliminates the need for tuning adjustments and produces a low-noise circuit, which is tolerant of component variations. For additional information and latest specifications, see our website: www.triquint.com 9 TQ9203 Data Sheet LNA Output (Pin 9) Mixer IF Interfacing The LNA output is internally matched to 50 ohms over the 800 to 1000MHz frequency band and it is internally DC-blocked. Therefore, direct connections may be made to pin 9. The mixer IF port is a high-impedance, open-drain output. The impedance is a few K ohms in parallel with less than 1pF capacitance. The IF port S-parameters (S11) are listed in the table over the frequency range of 45MHz to 250MHz. It is possible to use Ifs above and below this range: however, at low frequencies the noise increases, and at high frequencies the LO/IF, RF/IF isolation decreases. Mixer RF Input The mixer RF input is matched close to 50 ohms and is internally DC-blocked. Pin 11 may be directly connected to the filter output. The filter must be as close as possible to the mixer RF input to maintain the proper termination impedance at the LO frequency. Include a shunt inductor of 22nH at the mixer RF input to improve the mixer noise performance by providing a short to ground at the IF frequency. This provides a secondary benefit of slightly improved input match. Mixer LO Input The mixer LO input is matched close to 50 ohms and is internally DC-blocked. Pin 1 may be directly connected to the LO input signal. A level greater than –6dBm is recommended. Standard VCO outputs of –2dBm work well. The open-drain output permits matching to any chosen filter impedance. In general, a conjugate impedance match is recommended on this port to achieve best power gain, noise figure and output 3rd-order intercept. It is also important to properly center the tuned circuit at the desired IF. This maximizes circuit robustness to component tolerances. For proper mixer operation, pin 14, the open-drain output, must also be biased to Vdd. A practical matching network, which includes biasing, is shown. Vdd LO Tuning (Pin 13) L1 A shunt L on pin 13 resonates with some internal capacitance to produce a bandpass frequency response of the LO buffer amplifier. This attenuates noise at +/- one IF frequency away from the LO frequency. The approximate value of L is determined by the following equation: L=1/C (2πf)2, 10 14 C2 where C=2.2pF In practice, the value (and/or placement) of L should be empirically determined for a particular layout, since stray capacitance on the PCB layout can move the resident frequency from the expected ideal. The actual value of L should be adjusted until the buffer response (pin 1-> pin 13) produces a peak at the LO frequency. A measurement of the response may be accomplished with a simple coaxial probe “sniffer,”in which the end is positioned 50 – 100 mils from the inductor at pin 13. The frequency response of the LO buffer amplifier (pin 13) is directly measured on the network analyzer as the LO input (pin 1) is swept in frequency. The LO drive level should be set at approximately the operating level (-6 to 3dBm) for this measurement. This “tuning”needs to be done only in design, not in production. C1 TQ9203 Z Load 13 Vdd L1 C2 L2 C1 TQ9203 For additional information and latest specifications, see our website: www.triquint.com 14 Z Load 13 TQ9203 Data Sheet Package Pinout Mixer LO input 1 14 GND 2 13 LO Tune Vdd 3 12 GND LNA IN0 4 Select 5 10 GND LNA IN1 6 9 LNA Output GND 7 8 GND TQ9203 11 Mixer IF Output Mixer RF Input Pin Descriptions Pin Name Pin # Mixer LO IN 1 Buffered LO port. There is an internal DC block on this port, which is matched to 50Ω. Vdd 3 Supply voltage for bias circuitry and LNA. This pin draws 8mA, typically. Decouple with 0.01uF within 0.25 inch of package. LNA IN0 4 LNA IN0 is an auxiliary input and has characteristics similar to the LNA IN1 input port. Best performance is achieved with external noise-matching network. Internally DC blocked. Select 5 Input port selection switch. CMOS-compatible drive, switches input ports from LNA IN1 to LNA IN0. Low=IN0, High=IN1. LNA IN1 6 LNA IN1 is the primary input port. Best performance is achieved with external noise-matching network. Internally DC blocked. LNA Out 9 Output port from switched LNA section. Internally matched to 50Ω. Internally DC blocked. Mixer RF IN 11 Mixer RF Input port. Image stripping band pass filtering before Mixer section improves noise and spurious performance. No return to ground is required. Shunt L recommended for IF suppression. LO Tune 13 LO buffer tuning, inductor to ground. Mixer IF Out 14 Mixer IF signal port. Open “collector-”type output requires connection to Vdd and impedance matching to load. GND 2,7,8, 10,12 Description and Usage Ground connection. Keep physically short for stability and performance. Use several via holes immediately adjacent to the pins down to backside ground plane. For additional information and latest specifications, see our website: www.triquint.com 11 TQ9203 Data Sheet Package Type: SO-14 Plastic Package Additional Information For latest specifications, additional product information, worldwide sales and distribution locations, and information about TriQuint: Web: www.triquint.com Email: [email protected] Tel: (503) 615-9000 Fax: (503) 615-8900 For technical questions and additional information on specific applications: Email: [email protected] The information provided herein is believed to be reliable; TriQuint assumes no liability for inaccuracies or omissions. TriQuint assumes no responsibility for the use of this information, and all such information shall be entirely at the user's own risk. Prices and specifications are subject to change without notice. No patent rights or licenses to any of the circuits described herein are implied or granted to any third party. TriQuint does not authorize or warrant any TriQuint product for use in life-support devices and/or systems. Copyright © 1998 TriQuint Semiconductor, Inc. All rights reserved. Revision F, March 23, 1999 12 For additional information and latest specifications, see our website: www.triquint.com