JUNE. 2001
Ver 1.00
HYNIX SEMICONDUCTOR
8-BIT SINGLE-CHIP MICROCONTROLLERS
GMS81C2112
GMS81C2120
User’s Manual
HYNIX SEMICONDUCTOR
8-BIT SINGLE-CHIP MICROCONTROLLERS
GMS81C2112
GMS81C2120
User’s Manual (Ver. 1.00)
Version 1.00
Published by
MCU Application Team
2001 HYNIX Semiconductor All right reserved.
Additional information of this manual may be served by HYNIX Semiconductor offices in Korea or Distributors and Representatives listed at address directory.
HYNIX Semiconductor reserves the right to make changes to any information here in at any time without notice.
The information, diagrams and other data in this manual are correct and reliable; however, HYNIX Semiconductor is in no
way responsible for any violations of patents or other rights of the third party generated by the use of this manual.
Table of Contents
1. OVERVIEW............................................1
Description .........................................................1
Features .............................................................1
Development Tools ............................................2
Ordering Information
2. BLOCK DIAGRAM .................................3
3. PIN ASSIGNMENT ................................4
4. PACKAGE DIAGRAM ............................6
5. PIN FUNCTION......................................8
6. PORT STRUCTURES..........................10
7. ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS ....13
Absolute Maximum Ratings .............................13
Recommended Operating Conditions ..............13
A/D Converter Characteristics .........................13
DC Electrical Characteristics for Standard Pins(5V)
14
DC Electrical Characteristics for High-Voltage Pins
15
AC Characteristics ...........................................16
AC Characteristics ...........................................17
Typical Characteristics .....................................18
8. MEMORY ORGANIZATION.................20
8-bit Capture Mode ......................................... 49
16-bit Capture Mode ....................................... 52
PWM Mode ..................................................... 53
13. ANALOG DIGITAL CONVERTER .....56
14. SERIAL PERIPHERAL INTERFACE .59
Transmission/Receiving Timing ...................... 61
The method of Serial I/O ................................. 62
The Method to Test Correct Transmission ...... 62
15. BUZZER FUNCTION .........................63
16. INTERRUPTS ....................................65
Interrupt Sequence .......................................... 67
Multi Interrupt .................................................. 69
External Interrupt ............................................. 70
17. Power Saving Mode...........................72
Operating Mode .............................................. 73
Stop Mode ....................................................... 74
Wake-up Timer Mode ...................................... 75
Internal RC-Oscillated Watchdog Timer Mode 76
Minimizing Current Consumption .................... 77
18. OSCILLATOR CIRCUIT.....................79
19. RESET ...............................................80
External Reset Input ........................................ 80
Watchdog Timer Reset ................................... 80
Registers ..........................................................20
Program Memory .............................................23
Data Memory ...................................................26
Addressing Mode .............................................30
20. POWER FAIL PROCESSOR.............81
9. I/O PORTS ...........................................34
DEVICE CONFIGURATION AREA ................. 83
21. OTP PROGRAMMING.......................83
10. BASIC INTERVAL TIMER..................37
A. CONTROL REGISTER LIST .................. i
11. WATCHDOG TIMER..........................39
B. INSTRUCTION ..................................... iii
12. TIMER/EVENT COUNTER ................42
8-bit Timer / Counter Mode ..............................44
16-bit Timer / Counter Mode ............................48
8-bit Compare Output (16-bit) ..........................49
Terminology List ................................................ iii
Instruction Map ..................................................iv
Instruction Set ....................................................v
C. MASK ORDER SHEET ........................ xi
GMS81C2112/GMS81C2120
GMS81C2112/GMS81C2120
CMOS Single-Chip 8-Bit Microcontroller
with A/D Converter & VFD Driver
1. OVERVIEW
1.1 Description
The GMS81C2112 and GMS81C2120 are advanced CMOS 8-bit microcontroller with 12K/20K bytes of ROM. These are a
powerful microcontroller which provides a highly flexible and cost effective solution to many VFD applications. These provide the following standard features: 12K/20K bytes of ROM, 448 bytes of RAM, 8-bit timer/counter, 8-bit A/D converter,
10-bit High Speed PWM Output, Programmable Buzzer Driving Port, 8-bit Basic Interval Timer, 7-bit Watch dog Timer,
Serial Peripheral Interface, on-chip oscillator and clock circuitry. They also come with high voltage I/O pins that can directly
drive a VFD (Vacuum Fluorescent Display). In addition, the GMS81C2112 and GMS81C2120 support power saving modes
to reduce power consumption.
Device name
ROM Size
GMS81C2112
12K bytes
GMS81C2120
20K bytes
RAM Size
448 bytes
OTP
Package
-
42SDIP, 44MQFP,
40PDIP
GMS87C2120
1.2 Features
• 20K/12K bytes ROM(EPROM)
• 448 Bytes of On-Chip Data RAM
(Including STACK Area)
• Minimum Instruction Execution time:
- 1uS at 4MHz (2cycle NOP Instruction)
• One 8-bit Basic Interval Timer
• One 7-bit Watch Dog Timer
• Two 8-bit Timer/Counters
• 10-bit High Speed PWM Output
• One 8-bit Serial Peripheral Interface
• Two External Interrupt Ports
• One Programmable 6-bit Buzzer Driving Port
• 38 I/O Lines
- 34 Programmable I/O pins
(Included 21 high-voltage pins Max. 40V)
- Three Input Only pins: 1 high-voltage pin
- One Output Only pin
• 8-Channel 8-bit On-Chip Analog to Digital Converter
• Oscillator:
- Crystal
- Ceramic Resonator
- External R Oscillator
• Low Power Dissipation Modes
- STOP mode
- Wake-up Timer Mode
- Standby Mode
• Operating Voltage: 2.7V ~ 5.5V (at 4.5MHz)
• Operating Frequency: 1MHz ~ 4.5MHz
• Enhanced EMS Improvement
Power Fail Processor
(Noise Immunity Circuit)Enhanced EMS
Improvement
Power Fail Processor
(Noise Immunity Circuit)
• Eight Interrupt Sources
- Two External Sources (INT0, INT1)
- Two Timer/Counter Sources (Timer0, Timer1)
- Four Functional Sources (SPI,ADC,WDT,BIT)
JUNE. 2001 Ver 1.00
1
GMS81C2112/GMS81C2120
1.3 Development Tools
The GMS81C21xx are supported by a full-featured macro
assembler, an in-circuit emulator CHOICE-Dr.TM and
OTP programmers. There are third different type programmers such as emulator add-on board type, single type, gang
type. For mode detail, Refer to “21. OTP PROGRAMMING” on page 83. Macro assembler operates under the
MS-Windows 95/98TM.
Please contact sales part of HynixSemiconductor.
In Circuit
Emulators
CHOICE-Dr.
Socket Adapter
for OTP
OA87C21XX-42SD (42SDIP)
OA87C21XX-44QF (44MQFP)
POD
CHPOD81C21D-42SD (42SDIP)
CHPOD81C21D-40PD (40PDIP)
Assembler
HYNIX Macro Assembler
1.4 Ordering Information
Device name
ROM Size
RAM size
Package
Mask version
GMS81C2112 K
GMS81C2112 Q
GMS81C2112
GMS81C2120 K
GMS81C2120 Q
GMS81C2120
12K bytes
12K bytes
12K bytes
20K bytes
20K bytes
20K bytes
448 bytes
448 bytes
448 bytes
448 bytes
448 bytes
448 bytes
42SDIP
44MQFP
40PDIP
42SDIP
44MQFP
40PDIP
OTP version
GMS87C2120 K
GMS87C2120 Q
GMS87C2120
20K bytes OTP
20K bytes OTP
20K bytes OTP
448 bytes
448 bytes
448 bytes
42SDIP
44MQFP
40PDIP
2
JUNE. 2001 Ver 1.00
GMS81C2112/GMS81C2120
2. BLOCK DIAGRAM
R07
R06
R05
R04
R03/BUZO
R02/EC0
R01/INT1
R00/INT0
AVDD
AVSS
ADC Power
Supply
Driver
Buzzer
PSW
ALU
R20~R27
R30~R34
R2
R3
R0
A
X
Y
Stack Pointer
Vdisp/RA
RA
PC
Data Memory
(448 bytes)
Program
Memory
Interrupt Controller
Data Table
S ystem controller
S ystem
C lock C ontroller
8-b it B a sic
In terval
Tim er
Tim ing generator
C lock
G enerator
Watchdog
Timer
8-bit
Timer/
Counter
8-bit serial
Interface
10-bit
PWM
VDD
VSS
XOUT
XIN
RESET
R5
Power
Supply
R53 / SCLK
R54 / SIN
R55 / SOUT
R56 / PWM1O/T1O
R57
PC
8-bit
ADC
R6
R60 / AN0
R61 / AN1
R62 / AN2
R63 / AN3
R64 / AN4
R65 / AN5
R66 / AN6
R67 / AN7
High Voltage Port
JUNE. 2001 Ver 1.00
3
GMS81C2112/GMS81C2120
3. PIN ASSIGNMENT
42SDIP
Vdisp
SCLK
SIN
SOUT
PWM1O/T1O
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
42
41
40
39
38
37
36
35
34
33
32
31
30
29
28
27
26
25
24
23
22
R34
R33
R32
R31
R30
R27
R26
R25
R24
R23
R22
R21
R20
R07
R06
R05
R04
R03
R02
R01
R00
BUZO
EC0
INT1
INT0
GMS81C2112/20
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
33
32
31
30
29
28
27
26
25
24
23
R27
R26
R25
R24
R23
R22
R21
R20
R07
R06
R05
INT0
INT1
EC0
BUZO
AN5
AN6
AN7
R65
R66
R67
AVDD
VDD
R00
R01
R02
R03
R04
NC
R57
RESET
XI
XO
VSS
AVSS
AN0
R60
AN1
R61
R62
AN2
R63
AN3
R64
AN4
44
43
42
41
40
39
38
37
36
35
34
NC
R56
R55
R54
R53
RA
R34
R33
R32
R31
R30
PWM1O/T1O
SOUT
SIN
SCLK
Vdisp
44MQFP
GMS81C2112/20
AN0
AN1
AN2
AN3
AN4
AN5
AN6
AN7
RA
R53
R54
R55
R56
R57
RESET
XI
XO
VSS
AVSS
R60
R61
R62
R63
R64
R65
R66
R67
AVDD
VDD
High Voltage Port
4
JUNE. 2001 Ver 1.00
GMS81C2112/GMS81C2120
40PDIP
Vdisp
SCLK
SIN
SOUT
PWM1O/T1O
INT0
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
GMS81C2112/20
AN0
AN1
AN2
AN3
AN4
AN5
AN6
AN7
RA
R53
R54
R55
R56
R57
RESET
XI
XO
VSS
R60
R61
R62
R63
R64
R65
R66
R67
VDD
R00
40
39
38
37
36
35
34
33
32
31
30
29
28
27
26
25
24
23
22
21
R34
R33
R32
R31
R30
R27
R26
R25
R24
R23
R22
R21
R20
R07
R06
R05
R04
R03
R02
R01
BUZO
EC0
INT1
High Voltage Port
JUNE. 2001 Ver 1.00
5
GMS81C2112/GMS81C2120
4. PACKAGE DIAGRAM
42SDIP
UNIT: INCH
0.600 BSC
min. 0.015
0.190 max.
1.470
1.450
0.070 BSC
0.140
0.120
0.045
0.035
0.020
0.016
0.550
0.530
0.012
0.008
0-15°
44MQFP
13.45
12.95
10.10
9.90
0.23
0.13
2.10
1.95
13.45
12.95
10.10
9.90
UNIT: MM
0-7°
0.25
0.10
SEE DETAIL “A”
2.35 max.
0.45
0.30
6
0.80 BSC
1.03
0.73
1.60
BSC
DETAIL “A”
JUNE. 2001 Ver 1.00
GMS81C2112/GMS81C2120
40PDIP
UNIT: INCH
2.075
2.045
0.065
0.045
0.100BSC
0.140
0.120
0.022
0.015
JUNE. 2001 Ver 1.00
0.550
0.530
min. 0.015
0.200 max.
0.600 BSC
0-15°
0.012
0.008
7
GMS81C2112/GMS81C2120
5. PIN FUNCTION
R20~R27: R2 is an 8-bit high-voltage CMOS bidirectional
I/O port. R2 pins 1 or 0 written to the Port Direction Register can be used as outputs or inputs.
VDD: Supply voltage.
VSS: Circuit ground.
AVDD: Supply voltage to the ladder resistor of ADC circuit. To enhance the resolution of analog to digital converter, use independent power source as well as possible, other
than digital power source.
AVSS: ADC circuit ground.
RESET: Reset the MCU.
XIN: Input to the inverting oscillator amplifier and input to
the internal clock operating circuit.
XOUT: Output from the inverting oscillator amplifier.
RA(Vdisp): RA is one-bit high-voltage input only port pin.
In addition, RA serves the functions of the Vdisp special
features. Vdisp is used as a high-voltage input power supply
pin when selected by the mask option.
Port pin
RA
Alternate function
Vdisp (High-voltage input power supply)
R00~R07: R0 is an 8-bit high-voltage CMOS bidirectional
I/O port. R0 pins 1 or 0 written to the Port Direction Register can be used as outputs or inputs. In addition, R0
serves the functions of the various following special features.
Port pin
R00
R01
R02
R03
8
Alternate function
INT0 (External interrupt 0)
INT1 (External interrupt 1)
EC0 (Event counter input)
BUZO (Buzzer driver output)
R30~R34: R3 is a 5-bit high-voltage CMOS bidirectional
I/O port. R3 pins 1 or 0 written to the Port Direction Register can be used as outputs or inputs.
R53~R57: R5 is an 5-bit CMOS bidirectional I/O port. R5
pins 1 or 0 written to the Port Direction Register can be
used as outputs or inputs. In addition, R5 serves the functions of the various following special features.
Port pin
R53
R54
R55
R56
Alternate function
SCLK (Serial clock)
SIN (Serial data input)
SOUT (Serial data output)
PWM1O (PWM1 Output)
T1O (Timer/Counter 1 output)
R60~R67: R6 is an 8-bit CMOS bidirectional I/O port. R6
pins 1 or 0 written to the Port Direction Register can be
used as outputs or inputs. In addition, R6 is shared with the
ADC input.
Port pin
R60
R61
R62
R63
R64
R66
R66
R67
Alternate function
AN0 (Analog Input 0)
AN1 (Analog Input 1)
AN2 (Analog Input 2)
AN3 (Analog Input 3)
AN4 (Analog Input 4)
AN5 (Analog Input 5)
AN6 (Analog Input 6)
AN7 (Analog Input 7)
JUNE. 2001 Ver 1.00
GMS81C2112/GMS81C2120
Function
PIN NAME
In/Out
Basic
VDD
-
Supply voltage
VSS
-
Circuit ground
RA (Vdisp)
I(I)
1-bit high-voltage Input only port
RESET
I
Reset signal input
XIN
I
Oscillation input
XOUT
O
Oscillation output
Alternate
High-voltage input power supply pin
R00 (INT0)
I/O (I)
External interrupt 0 input
R01 (INT1)
I/O (I)
External interrupt 1 input
R02 (EC0)
I/O (I)
R03 (BUZO)
I/O (O)
8-bit high-voltage I/O ports
Buzzer driving output
R04~R07
I/O
R20~R27
I/O
8-bit high-voltage I/O ports
R30~R34
I/O
5-bit high-voltage I/O ports
R53 (SCLK)
I/O (I/O)
R54 (SIN)
I/O (I)
R55 (SOUT)
I/O (O)
R56 (PWM1O/T1O)
I/O (O)
R57
R60~R67 (AN0~AN7)
Timer/Counter 0 external input
Serial clock source
Serial data input
5-bit high-voltage I/O ports
Serial data output
PWM 1 pulse output /Timer/Counter 1 output
I/O
I/O (I)
8-bit general I/O ports
AVDD
-
Supply voltage input pin for ADC
AVSS
-
Ground level input pin for ADC
VDD
-
Supply voltage
VSS
-
Circuit ground
Analog voltage input
Table 5-1 GMS81C2120 Port Function Description
JUNE. 2001 Ver 1.00
9
GMS81C2112/GMS81C2120
6. PORT STRUCTURES
R57
R53/SCLK
VDD
Pull-up
Tr.
VDD
Selection
Mask
Option
N-MOS
Open Drain Select
VDD
Pull-up
Tr.
SCLK Output
MUX
Data Reg.
Pin
Dir.
Reg.
Data Bus
Data Bus
Mask
Option
VDD
Data Reg.
VSS
Direction
Reg.
Pin
Rd
M UX
VSS
Rd
R00/INT0, R01/INT1, R02/EC0
SCLK Input
Selection
VDD
Data Bus
Data Reg.
R54/SIN
Mask
Option
Dir.
Reg.
Pin
Selection
VDD
Pull-up
Tr.
N-MOS
Open Drain Select
Rd
Vdisp
VDD
Data Reg.
Mask
Option
Data Bus
EX) INT0
Alternate Function
Direction
Reg.
Pin
Rd
VSS
SIN Input
10
JUNE. 2001 Ver 1.00
GMS81C2112/GMS81C2120
R55/SOUT
RESET
Selection N-MOS
Open Drain Select
VDD
Pull-up
Tr.
SOUT output
Mask
Option
MUX
OTP :disconnected
Main :connected
RESET
VDD
Data Reg.
VSS
Direction
Reg.
Data Bus
VDD
Pin
IOSWB
VSS
XIN, XOUT
Rd
IOSWIN Input
VDD
RA/Vdisp
XOUT
Stop
Mainclk Off
VDD
XIN
Data bus
Mask
Option
Rd
VSS
Vdisp
R03/BUZO
R04~R07, R20~R27, R30~R34
Selection
Secondary
Function
VDD
Data Reg.
Mask
Option
Dir.
Reg.
Pin
Data Bus
Data Bus
Data Reg.
Pin
Vdisp
Vdisp
JUNE. 2001 Ver 1.00
MUX
Mask
Option
Dir.
Reg.
M UX
MUX
Rd
VDD
Rd
11
GMS81C2112/GMS81C2120
R56/PWM1O/T1O
Selection N-MOS
Open Drain Select
VDD
Pull-up
Tr.
SOUT output
MUX
Data Reg.
Data Bus
Mask
Option
VDD
Direction
Reg.
Pin
VSS
Rd
R60~R67/AN0~AN7
VDD
Pull-up
Tr.
VDD
Mask
Option
Data Reg.
Data Bus
Direction
Reg.
Pin
VSS
Rd
A/D
Converter
Analog
Input Mode
A/D Ch.
Selection
12
JUNE. 2001 Ver 1.00
GMS81C2112/GMS81C2120
7. ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS
7.1 Absolute Maximum Ratings
Maximum output current sourced by (IOH per I/O Pin)
................................................................................... 8 mA
Supply voltage ............................................. -0.3 to +7.0 V
Storage Temperature .................................... -40 to +85 °C
Maximum current (ΣIOL) ...................................... 100 mA
Voltage on Normal voltage pin
with respect to Ground (VSS)
..............................................................-0.3 to VDD+0.3 V
Maximum current (ΣIOH)........................................ 50 mA
Note: Stresses above those listed under “Absolute Maximum Ratings” may cause permanent damage to the device. This is a stress rating only and functional operation of
the device at any other conditions above those indicated in
the operational sections of this specification is not implied.
Exposure to absolute maximum rating conditions for extended periods may affect device reliability.
Voltage on High voltage pin
with respect to Ground (VSS)
............................................................ -45V to VDD+0.3 V
Maximum current out of VSS pin .......................... 150 mA
Maximum current into VDD pin .............................. 80 mA
Maximum current sunk by (IOL per I/O Pin) .......... 20 mA
7.2 Recommended Operating Conditions
Specifications
Parameter
Symbol
Condition
Unit
Min.
Max.
Supply Voltage
VDD
fXI = 4.5 MHz
2.7
5.5
V
Operating Frequency
fXIN
VDD = VDD
1
4.5
MHz
Operating Temperature
TOPR
-40
85
°C
7.3 A/D Converter Characteristics
(TA=25°C, VDD=5V, VSS=0V, AVDD=5.12V, AVSS=0V @fXIN =4MHz)
Specifications
Parameter
Symbol
Condition
Unit
Min.
Typ.1
Max.
AVDD
AVSS
-
AVDD
V
VAN
AVSS-0.3
AVDD+0.3
V
Current Following
Between AVDD and AVSS
IAVDD
-
-
200
uA
Overall Accuracy
CAIN
-
-
±2
LSB
Non-Linearity Error
NNLE
-
-
±2
LSB
Differential Non-Linearity Error
NDNLE
-
-
±2
LSB
Zero Offset Error
NZOE
-
-
±2
LSB
Full Scale Error
NFSE
-
-
±2
LSB
Gain Error
NNLE
-
-
±2
LSB
-
-
20
us
Analog Power Supply Input Voltage Range
Analog Input Voltage Range
Conversion Time
TCONV
fXIN=4MHz
1. Data in “Typ” column is at 25°C unless otherwise stated. These parameters are for design guidance only and are not tested.
JUNE. 2001 Ver 1.00
13
GMS81C2112/GMS81C2120
7.4 DC Electrical Characteristics for Standard Pins(5V)
(VDD = 5.0V ± 10%, VSS = 0V, TA = -40 ~ 85°C, fXIN = 4 MHz, Vdisp = VDD-40V to VDD),
Specification
Parameter
Pin
Symbol
Test Condition
XIN
VIH1
External Clock
RESET,SIN,R55,SCLK,
INT0&1,EC0
Min
Typ.1
Max
0.9VDD
VDD+0.3
VIH2
0.8VDD
VDD+0.3
R53~R57,R6
VIH3
0.7VDD
VDD+0.3
XIN
VIL1
-0.3
0.1VDD
RESET,SIN,,R55,SCLK,
INT0&1,EC0
VIL2
-0.3
0.2VDD
R53~R57,R6
VIL3
-0.3
0.3VDD
Output High
Voltage
R53~R57,R6,BUZO,
PWM1O/T1O,SCLK,SOUT
VOH
IOH = -0.5mA
Output Low
Voltage
R53~R57,R6,BUZO,
PWM1O/T1O,SCLK,SOUT
VOL1
VOL2
IOL = 1.6mA
IOL = 10mA
Input High Voltage
Input Low Voltage
External Clock
Unit
V
V
VDD-0.5
Input High
Leakage Current
R53~R57,R6
IIH1
Input Low
Leakage Current
R53~R57,R6
IIL1
-1
Input Pull-up
Current(*Option)
R53~R57,R6
IPU
50
V
0.4
2
V
1
uA
uA
100
180
uA
Power Fail
Detect Voltage
VDD
VPFD
Current dissipation
in active mode
VDD
IDD
fXIN=4.5MHz
8
mA
Current dissipation
in standby mode
VDD
ISTBY
fXIN=4.5MHz
3
mA
Current dissipation
in stop mode
VDD
ISTOP
fXIN=Off
fSXIN=32.7KHz
10
uA
2.7
RESET,SIN,R55,SCLK,
INT0,INT1,EC0
VT+~VT-
0.4
Internal RC WDT
Frequency
XOUT
TRCWDT
8
RC Oscillation
Frequency
XOUT
fRCOSC
Hysteresis
R= 120KΩ
1.5
V
V
2
30
KHz
2.5
MHz
1. Data in “Typ.” column is at 4.5V, 25°C unless otherwise stated. These parameters are for design guidance only and are not tested.
14
JUNE. 2001 Ver 1.00
GMS81C2112/GMS81C2120
7.5 DC Electrical Characteristics for High-Voltage Pins
(VDD = 5.0V ± 10%, VSS = 0V, TA = -40 ~ 85°C, fXIN = 4 MHz, Vdisp = VDD-40V to VDD)
Specification
Parameter
Pin
Symbol
Test Condition
Min
Typ.1
Max
Unit
Input High Voltage
R0,R2,R30~R34,RA
VIH
0.7VDD
VDD+0.3
V
Input Low Voltage
R0,R2,R30~R34,RA
VIL
VDD-40
0.3VDD
V
Output High
Voltage
R0,R2,R30~R34
VOH
IOH = -15mA
IOH = -10mA
IOH = - 4mA
Output Low
Voltage
R0,R2,R30~R34
VOL
Vdisp = VDD-40
150KΩ atVDD40
VDD-37
VDD-37
V
20
uA
1000
uA
VDD+0.3
V
Input High
Leakage Current
R0,R2,R30~R34,RA
IIH
VIN=VDD-40V
to VDD
Input Pull-down
Current(*Option)
R0,R2,R30~R34
IPD
Vdisp=VDD-35V
VIN=VDD
R0,R2,R30~R34,RA
VIH
Input High Voltage
VDD-3.0
VDD-2.0
VDD-1.0
200
0.7VDD
V
600
1. Data in “Typ.” column is at 4.5V, 25°C unless otherwise stated. These parameters are for design guidance only and are not tested.
JUNE. 2001 Ver 1.00
15
GMS81C2112/GMS81C2120
7.6 AC Characteristics
(TA=-40~ 85°C, VDD=5V±10%, VSS=0V)
Specifications
Parameter
Symbol
Pins
Unit
Min.
Typ.
Max.
fCP
XIN
1
-
8
MHz
tCPW
XIN
80
-
-
nS
tRCP,tFCP
XIN
-
-
20
nS
Oscillation Stabilizing Time
tST
XIN, XOUT
-
-
20
mS
External Input Pulse Width
tEPW
INT0, INT1, EC0
2
-
-
tSYS
External Input Pulse Transition Time
tREP,tFEP
INT0, INT1, EC0
-
-
20
nS
tRST
RESET
8
-
-
tSYS
Operating Frequency
External Clock Pulse Width
External Clock Transition Time
RESET Input Width
tCPW
1/fCP
tCPW
VDD-0.5V
XI
0.5V
tRCP
tSYS
tFCP
tRST
RESETB
0.2VDD
tEPW
tEPW
INT0, INT1
EC0
0.8VDD
0.2VDD
tREP
tFEP
Figure 7-1 Timing Chart
16
JUNE. 2001 Ver 1.00
GMS81C2112/GMS81C2120
7.7 AC Characteristics
(TA=-40~+85°C, VDD=5V±10%, VSS=0V, fXIN=4MHz)
Specifications
Parameter
Symbol
Pins
Unit
Min.
Typ.
Max.
Serial Input Clock Pulse
tSCYC
SCLK
2tSYS+200
-
8
ns
Serial Input Clock Pulse Width
tSCKW
SCLK
tSYS+70
-
8
ns
Serial Input Clock Pulse Transition
Time
tFSCK
tRSCK
SCLK
-
-
30
ns
SIN Input Pulse Transition Time
tFSIN
tRSIN
SIN
-
-
30
ns
SIN Input Setup Time (External SCLK)
tSUS
SIN
100
-
-
ns
SIN Input Setup Time (Internal SCLK)
tSUS
SIN
200
-
ns
SIN Input Hold Time
tHS
SIN
tSYS+70
-
ns
Serial Output Clock Cycle Time
tSCYC
SCLK
4tSYS
-
Serial Output Clock Pulse Width
tSCKW
SCLK
tSYS-30
Serial Output Clock Pulse Transition
Time
tFSCK
tRSCK
SCLK
30
ns
Serial Output Delay Time
sOUT
SOUT
100
ns
tSCKW
ns
tSCKW
0.8VDD
0.2VDD
tSUS
tHS
0.8VDD
0.2VDD
SIN
tDS
SOUT
ns
tSCYC
tRSCK
tFSCK
SCLK
16tSYS
tFSIN
tRSIN
0.8VDD
0.2VDD
Figure 7-2 Serial I/O Timing Chart
JUNE. 2001 Ver 1.00
17
GMS81C2112/GMS81C2120
7.8 Typical Characteristics
This graphs and tables provided in this section are for design guidance only and are not tested or guaranteed.
The data presented in this section is a statistical summary
of data collected on units from different lots over a period
of time. “Typical” represents the mean of the distribution
while “max” or “min” represents (mean + 3σ) and (mean −
3σ) respectively where σ is standard deviation
In some graphs or tables the data presented are outside specified operating range (e.g. outside specified
VDD range). This is for information only and devices
are guaranteed to operate properly only within the
specified range.
IOH−VOH
IOH
(mA) VDD=5.0V
Ta=25°C
-1.6
R40~R43, R6, R53~R57
BUZO, PWM1O/T1O
SCLK, SOUT pins
IOH−VOH
IOH−VOH
IOH
(mA) VDD=4.0V
Ta=25°C
-1.6
IOH
(mA) VDD=3.0V
Ta=25°C
-1.6
-1.2
-1.2
-1.2
-0.8
-0.8
-0.8
-0.4
-0.4
-0.4
0
4.6
4.7
IOL−VOL
IOL
(mA) VDD=5.0V
Ta=25°C
16
4.8
4.9
R40~R43, R6, R53~R57
BUZO, PWM1O/T1O
SCLK, SOUT pins
0
3.6
3.7
3.8
3.9
VOH
4.0 (V)
IOL−VOL
2.6
8
8
8
4
4
4
IOH−VOH
IOH
(mA) VDD=5.0V
Ta=25°C
-16
1.0
1.2
VOL
1.4 (V)
R0, R2,RA
R30~R34 pins
0
0.6
0.8
1.0
1.2
VOL
1.4 (V)
IOH−VOH
0.6
-8
-8
-8
-4
-4
-4
3.0
4.0
VOH
5.0 (V)
0
1.0
2.0
1.0
1.2
VOL
1.4 (V)
3.0
4.0
VOH
5.0 (V)
IOH
(mA) VDD=3.0V
Ta=25°C
-16
-12
2.0
0.8
IOH−VOH
IOH
(mA) VDD=4.0V
Ta=25°C
-16
-12
1.0
VOH
3.0 (V)
0
-12
0
2.9
IOL
(mA) VDD=3.0V
Ta=25°C
16
12
0.8
2.7
IOL−VOL
IOL
(mA) VDD=4.0V
Ta=25°C
16
12
0.6
2.8
0
12
0
18
VOH
5.0 (V)
3.0
4.0
VOH
5.0 (V)
0
1.0
2.0
JUNE. 2001 Ver 1.00
GMS81C2112/GMS81C2120
VIH1
(V)
4
VDD−VIH1
XIN pins
fXIN=4.5MHz
Ta=25°C
VIH2
(V)
VDD−VIH2
RESET, R55, SIN, SCLK
INT0, INT1, EC0 pins
fXIN=4.5MHz
Ta=25°C
VIH3
(V)
4
4
3
3
3
2
2
2
1
1
1
0
2
VIL1
(V)
4
3
4
VDD−VIL1
5
VDD
6 (V)
XIN pins
fXIN=4.5MHz
Ta=25°C
0
1
VIL2
(V)
2
3
VDD−VIL2
4
5
VDD
6 (V)
RESET, R55, SIN, SCLK
INT0, INT1, EC0 pins
fXIN=4.5MHz
Ta=25°C
1
VIL3
(V)
4
3
3
3
2
2
2
1
1
1
2
3
IDD−VDD
IDD
(mA)
4
5
VDD
6 (V)
1
IDD
(mA)
Ta=25°C
3.0
fXIN = 4.5MHz
2
3
ISBY−VDD
Normal Operation
4.0
2.0
0
4
5
VDD
6 (V)
R53~R57, R6 pins
fXIN=4.5MHz
Ta=25°C
0
4
0
VDD−VIH3
2
3
VDD−VIL3
4
5
R53~R57, R6 pins
fXIN=4.5MHz
Ta=25°C
0
1
2
3
4
ISTOP−VDD
Stand-by Mode
5
VDD
6 (V)
Stop Mode
IDD
(µA)
Ta=25°C
4.0
2.0
3.0
1.5
2.0
1.0
85°C
25°C
-20°C
fXIN = 4.5MHz
2.5MHz
1.0
VDD
6 (V)
1.0
0.5
2.5MHz
0
2
3
4
5
JUNE. 2001 Ver 1.00
VDD
6 (V)
0
2
3
4
5
VDD
6 (V)
0
2
3
4
5
VDD
6 (V)
19
GMS81C2112/GMS81C2120
8. MEMORY ORGANIZATION
The GMS81C2112 and GMS81C2120 have separate address spaces for Program memory and Data Memory. Program memory can only be read, not written to. It can be up
to 12K/20K bytes of Program memory. Data memory can
be read and written to up to 448 bytes including the stack
area.
8.1 Registers
This device has six registers that are the Program Counter
(PC), a Accumulator (A), two index registers (X, Y), the
Stack Pointer (SP), and the Program Status Word (PSW).
The Program Counter consists of 16-bit register.
PCH
A
ACCUMULATOR
X
X REGISTER
Y
Y REGISTER
SP
STACK POINTER
PCL
PROGRAM COUNTER
PSW
PROGRAM STATUS
WORD
Generally, SP is automatically updated when a subroutine
call is executed or an interrupt is accepted. However, if it
is used in excess of the stack area permitted by the data
memory allocating configuration, the user-processed data
may be lost.
The stack can be located at any position within 100H to
1FFH of the internal data memory. The SP is not initialized
by hardware, requiring to write the initial value (the location with which the use of the stack starts) by using the initialization routine. Normally, the initial value of “FFH” is
used.
Bit 15
00H~FFH
Figure 8-1 Configuration of Registers
Accumulator: The Accumulator is the 8-bit general purpose register, used for data operation such as transfer, temporary saving, and conditional judgement, etc.
The Accumulator can be used as a 16-bit register with Y
Register as shown below.
Y
Y
A
A
Two 8-bit Registers can be used as a "YA" 16-bit Register
Figure 8-2 Configuration of YA 16-bit Register
X, Y Registers: In the addressing mode which uses these
index registers, the register contents are added to the specified address, which becomes the actual address. These
modes are extremely effective for referencing subroutine
tables and memory tables. The index registers also have increment, decrement, comparison and data transfer functions, and they can be used as simple accumulators.
Stack Pointer: The Stack Pointer is an 8-bit register used
for occurrence interrupts and calling out subroutines. Stack
Pointer identifies the location in the stack to be access
(save or restore).
20
Stack Address ( 100H ~ 1FEH )
8 7
Bit 0
01H
SP
Hardware fixed
Note: The Stack Pointer must be initialized by software because its value is undefined after RESET.
Example: To initialize the SP
LDX
#0FFH
TXSP
; SP ← FFH
Program Counter: The Program Counter is a 16-bit wide
which consists of two 8-bit registers, PCH and PCL. This
counter indicates the address of the next instruction to be
executed. In reset state, the program counter has reset routine address (PCH:0FFH, PCL:0FEH).
Program Status Word: The Program Status Word (PSW)
contains several bits that reflect the current state of the
CPU. The PSW is described in Figure 8-3. It contains the
Negative flag, the Overflow flag, the Break flag the Half
Carry (for BCD operation), the Interrupt enable flag, the
Zero flag, and the Carry flag.
[Carry flag C]
This flag stores any carry or borrow from the ALU of CPU
after an arithmetic operation and is also changed by the
Shift Instruction or Rotate Instruction.
[Zero flag Z]
This flag is set when the result of an arithmetic operation
or data transfer is "0" and is cleared by any other result.
JUNE. 2001 Ver 1.00
GMS81C2112/GMS81C2120
PSW
MSB
N V G B H
NEGATIVE FLAG
OVERFLOW FLAG
SELECT DIRECT PAGE
when G=1, page is selected to “page 1”
BRK FLAG
I
Z
LSB
C RESET VALUE : 00H
CARRY FLAG RECEIVES
CARRY OUT
ZERO FLAG
INTERRUPT ENABLE FLAG
HALF CARRY FLAG RECEIVES
CARRY OUT FROM BIT 1 OF
ADDITION OPERLANDS
Figure 8-3 PSW (Program Status Word) Register
[Interrupt disable flag I]
This flag enables/disables all interrupts except interrupt
caused by Reset or software BRK instruction. All interrupts are disabled when cleared to “0”. This flag immediately becomes “0” when an interrupt is served. It is set by
the EI instruction and cleared by the DI instruction.
[Half carry flag H]
After operation, this is set when there is a carry from bit 3
of ALU or there is no borrow from bit 4 of ALU. This bit
can not be set or cleared except CLRV instruction with
Overflow flag (V).
[Break flag B]
This flag is set by software BRK instruction to distinguish
BRK from TCALL instruction with the same vector address.
[Direct page flag G]
JUNE. 2001 Ver 1.00
This flag assigns RAM page for direct addressing mode. In
the direct addressing mode, addressing area is from zero
page 00H to 0FFH when this flag is "0". If it is set to "1",
addressing area is assigned 100H to 1FFH. It is set by
SETG instruction and cleared by CLRG.
[Overflow flag V]
This flag is set to “1” when an overflow occurs as the result
of an arithmetic operation involving signs. An overflow
occurs when the result of an addition or subtraction exceeds +127(7FH) or -128(80H). The CLRV instruction
clears the overflow flag. There is no set instruction. When
the BIT instruction is executed, bit 6 of memory is copied
to this flag.
[Negative flag N]
This flag is set to match the sign bit (bit 7) status of the result of a data or arithmetic operation. When the BIT instruction is executed, bit 7 of memory is copied to this flag.
21
GMS81C2112/GMS81C2120
At execution of
a CALL/TCALL/PCALL
01FE
At acceptance
of interrupt
Push
down
01FE
PCH
01FD
PCL
01FC
01FC
PSW
01FB
01FB
01FD
PCH
PCL
At execution
of RET instruction
Push
down
01FE
PCH
01FD
PCL
At execution
of RET instruction
01FE
PCH
01FD
PCL
01FC
01FC
PSW
01FB
01FB
Pop
up
SP before
execution
01FE
01FE
01FC
01FB
SP after
execution
01FC
01FB
01FE
01FE
At execution
of PUSH instruction
PUSH A (X,Y,PSW)
01FE
A
01FD
Push
down
Pop
up
At execution
of POP instruction
POP A (X,Y,PSW)
01FE
A
01FD
01FC
01FC
01FB
01FB
Pop
up
0100H
Stack
depth
01FEH
SP before
execution
01FE
01FD
SP after
execution
01FD
01FE
Figure 8-4 Stack Operation
22
JUNE. 2001 Ver 1.00
GMS81C2112/GMS81C2120
8.2 Program Memory
A 16-bit program counter is capable of addressing up to
64K bytes, but this device has 20K bytes program memory
space only physically implemented. Accessing a location
above FFFFH will cause a wrap-around to 0000H.
Example: Usage of TCALL
Figure 8-5, shows a map of Program Memory. After reset,
the CPU begins execution from reset vector which is stored
in address FFFEH and FFFFH as shown in Figure 8-6.
;
;TABLE CALL ROUTINE
;
FUNC_A: LDA
LRG0
RET
;
FUNC_B: LDA
LRG1
2
RET
;
;TABLE CALL ADD. AREA
;
ORG
0FFC0H
DW
FUNC_A
DW
FUNC_B
As shown in Figure 8-5, each area is assigned a fixed location in Program Memory. Program Memory area contains
the user program.
B000H
LDA
#5
TCALL 0FH
:
:
;1BYTE INSTR UCTIO N
;INSTEAD OF 3 BYTES
;NOR M AL C ALL
1
;TCALL ADDRESS AREA
FFC0H
FFDFH
FFE0H
FFFFH
TCALL area
Interrupt
Vector Area
GMS81C2120, 20K ROM
GMS81C2112, 12K ROM
FEFFH
FF00H
PCALL area
D000H
The interrupt causes the CPU to jump to specific location,
where it commences the execution of the service routine.
The External interrupt 0, for example, is assigned to location 0FFFAH. The interrupt service locations spaces 2-byte
interval: 0FFF8H and 0FFF9H for External Interrupt 1,
0FFFAH and 0FFFBH for External Interrupt 0, etc.
Any area from 0FF00H to 0FFFFH, if it is not going to be
used, its service location is available as general purpose
Program Memory.
Address
Vector Area Memory
0FFE0H
Figure 8-5 Program Memory Map
Page Call (PCALL) area contains subroutine program to
reduce program byte length by using 2 bytes PCALL instead of 3 bytes CALL instruction. If it is frequently called,
it is more useful to save program byte length.
Table Call (TCALL) causes the CPU to jump to each
TCALL address, where it commences the execution of the
service routine. The Table Call service area spaces 2-byte
for every TCALL: 0FFC0H for TCALL15, 0FFC2H for
TCALL14, etc., as shown in Figure 8-7.
-
E2
-
E4
Serial Communication Interface
E6
Basic Interval Timer
E8
Watchdog Timer Interrupt
EA
A/D Converter
-
EC
-
EE
-
F0
-
F2
-
F4
Timer/Counter 1 Interrupt
F6
Timer/Counter 0 Interrupt
F8
External Interrupt 1
FA
External Interrupt 0
FC
-
FE
RESET Vector Area
NOTE:
"-" means reserved area.
Figure 8-6 Interrupt Vector Area
JUNE. 2001 Ver 1.00
23
GMS81C2112/GMS81C2120
Address
0FF00H
PCALL Area Memory
Address
PCALL Area
(256 Bytes)
0FFC0H
C1
C2
C3
C4
C5
C6
C7
C8
C9
CA
CB
CC
CD
CE
CF
D0
D1
D2
D3
D4
D5
D6
D7
D8
D9
DA
DB
DC
DD
DE
DF
0FFFFH
Program Memory
TCALL 15
TCALL 14
TCALL 13
TCALL 12
TCALL 11
TCALL 10
TCALL 9
TCALL 8
TCALL 7
TCALL 6
TCALL 5
TCALL 4
TCALL 3
TCALL 2
TCALL 1
TCALL 0 / BRK *
NOTE:
* means that the BRK software interrupt is using
same address with TCALL0.
Figure 8-7 PCALL and TCALL Memory Area
PCALL→
→ rel
TCALL→
→n
4F35
4A
PCALL 35H
TCALL 4
4A
4F
01001010
35
~
~
~
~
~
~
0D125H
➊
~
~
NEXT
Reverse
PC: 11111111 11010110
FH FH
DH 6H
0FF00H
0FF35H
0FFFFH
24
NEXT
➌
0FF00H
0FFD6H
25
0FFD7H
D1
➋
0FFFFH
JUNE. 2001 Ver 1.00
GMS81C2112/GMS81C2120
Example: The usage software example of Vector address for GMS81C2120.
;
ORG
0FFE0H
DW
DW
DW
DW
DW
DW
DW
DW
DW
DW
DW
DW
DW
DW
DW
DW
NOT_USED
NOT_USED
SIO
BIT_TIMER
WD_TIMER
ADC
NOT_USED
NOT_USED
NOT_USED
NOT_USED
TIMER1
TIMER0
INT1
INT0
NOT_USED
RESET
ORG
ORG
0B000H
0D000H
;
;
;
;
Serial Interface
Basic Interval Timer
Watchdog Timer
ADC
;
;
;
;
;
;
Timer-1
Timer-0
Int.1
Int.0
Reset
; GMS81C2120(20K)ROM Start address
; GMS81C2112(12K)ROM Start address
;*******************************************
;
MAIN
PROGRAM
*
;*******************************************
;
RESET: DI
;Disable All Interrupts
CLRG
LDX
#0
RAM_CLR: LDA
#0
;RAM Clear(!0000H->!00BFH)
STA
{X}+
CMPX #0C0H
BNE
RAM_CLR
;
LDX
#0FFH
;Stack Pointer Initialize
TXSP
;
LDM
R0, #0
;Normal Port 0
LDM
R0IO,#82H
;Normal Port Direction
:
:
:
LDM
TDR0,#125
;8us x 125 = 1mS
LDM
TM0,#0FH
;Start Timer0, 8us at 4MHz
LDM
IRQH,#0
LDM
IRQL,#0
LDM
IENH,#0E0H ;Enable Timer0, INT0, INT1
LDM
IENL,#0
LDM
IEDS,#05H
;Select falling edge detect on INT pin
LDM
R0FUNC,#03H ;Set external interrupt pin(INT0, INT1)
EI
:
:
:
;Enable master interrupt
:
:
NOT_USED :NOP
RETI
JUNE. 2001 Ver 1.00
25
GMS81C2112/GMS81C2120
8.3 Data Memory
Figure 8-8 shows the internal Data Memory space available. Data Memory is divided into two groups, a user RAM
(including Stack) and control registers.
0000H
PAGE0
00FFH
0100H
Note that unoccupied addresses may not be implemented
on the chip. Read accesses to these addresses will in general return random data, and write accesses will have an indeterminate effect.
More detailed informations of each register are explained
in each peripheral section.
User Memory
00BFH
00C0H
digital converters and I/O ports. The control registers are in
address range of 0C0H to 0FFH.
When “G-flag=0”,
this page is selected
Note: Write only registers can not be accessed by bit manipulation instruction. Do not use read-modify-write instruction. Use byte manipulation instruction, for example “LDM”.
Control
Registers
Example; To write at CKCTLR
LDM
User Memory
or Stack Area
PAGE1
CLCTLR,#09H ;Divide ratio(÷16)
When “G-flag=1”
01FFH
Figure 8-8 Data Memory Map
Stack Area
The stack provides the area where the return address is
saved before a jump is performed during the processing
routine at the execution of a subroutine call instruction or
the acceptance of an interrupt.
User Memory
The GMS81C21xx have 448 × 8 bits for the user memory
(RAM).
When returning from the processing routine, executing the
subroutine return instruction [RET] restores the contents of
the program counter from the stack; executing the interrupt
return instruction [RETI] restores the contents of the program counter and flags.
Control Registers
The control registers are used by the CPU and Peripheral
function blocks for controlling the desired operation of the
device. Therefore these registers contain control and status
bits for the interrupt system, the timer/ counters, analog to
The save/restore locations in the stack are determined by
the stack pointed (SP). The SP is automatically decreased
after the saving, and increased before the restoring. This
means the value of the SP indicates the stack location
number for the next save. Refer to Figure 8-4 on page 22.
26
JUNE. 2001 Ver 1.00
GMS81C2112/GMS81C2120
Address
Symbol
R/W
RESET
Value
Addressing
mode
0C0H
0C1H
0C4H
0C5H
0C6H
0C7H
0CAH
0CBH
0CCH
0CDH
R0
R0IO
R2
R2IO
R3
R3IO
R5
R5IO
R6
R6IO
R/W
W
R/W
W
R/W
W
R/W
W
R/W
W
Undefined
0000_0000
Undefined
0000_0000
Undefined
---0_0000
Undefined
0000_0--Undefined
0000_0000
byte, bit1
byte2
byte, bit
byte
byte, bit
byte
byte, bit
byte
byte, bit
byte
0D0H
0D1H
TM0
T0
TDR0
CDR0
TM1
TDR1
T1PPR
T1
CDR1
T1PDR
PWM1HR
BUR
R/W
R
W
R
R/W
W
W
R
R
R/W
W
W
--00_0000
0000_0000
1111_1111
0000_0000
0000_0000
1111_1111
1111_1111
0000_0000
0000_0000
0000_0000
----_0000
1111_1111
byte, bit
byte
byte
byte
byte, bit
byte
byte
byte
byte
byte, bit
byte
byte
0EFH
SIOM
SIOR
IENH
IENL
IRQH
IRQL
IEDS
ADCM
ADCR
BITR
CKCTLR
WDTR
WDTR
PFDR
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
R
R
W
R
W
R/W
0000_0001
Undefined
0000_---0000_---0000_---0000_-------_0000
-000_0001
Undefined
0000_0000
-001_0111
0000_0000
0111_1111
----_-100
byte, bit
byte, bit
byte, bit
byte, bit
byte, bit
byte, bit
byte, bit
byte, bit
byte
byte
byte
byte
byte
byte, bit
0F4H
0F6H
0F7H
0F9H
0FAH
0FBH
R0FUNC
R5FUNC
R6FUNC
R5NODR
SCMR
RA
W
W
W
W
R/W
R
----_0000
-0--_---0000_0000
0000_0-----0_0000
Undefined
byte
byte
byte
byte
byte
-3
0D1H
0D1H
0D2H
0D3H
0D3H
0D4H
0D4H
0D4H
0D5H
0DEH
0E0H
0E1H
0E2H
0E3H
0E4H
0E5H
0E6H
0EAH
0EBH
0ECH
0ECH
0EDH
0EDH
Note: Several names are given at same address. Refer to
below table.
When read
When write
Addr.
Timer
Mode
Capture
Mode
PWM
Mode
Timer
Mode
PWM
Mode
D1H
T0
CDR0
-
TDR0
-
TDR1
T1PPR
-
T1PDR
D3H
D4H
ECH
T1
CDR1
BITR
T1PDR
CKCTLR
Table 8-2 Various Register Name in Same Address
Table 8-1 Control Registers
1. "byte, bit" means that register can be addressed by not only bit
but byte manipulation instruction.
2. "byte" means that register can be addressed by only byte
manipulation instruction. On the other hand, do not use any
read-modify-write instruction such as bit manipulation for
clearing bit.
3. RA is one-bit high-voltage input only port pin. In addition, RA
serves the functions of the Vdisp special features. Vdisp is
used as a high-voltage input power supply pin when selected
by the mask option.
JUNE. 2001 Ver 1.00
27
GMS81C2112/GMS81C2120
Address
Name
Bit 7
Bit 6
Bit 5
Bit 4
Bit 3
Bit 2
Bit 1
Bit 0
T0CK2
T0CK1
T0CK0
T0CN
T0ST
T1CN
T1ST
C0H
R0
R0 Port Data Register (Bit[7:0])
C1H
R0IO
R0 Port Direction Register (Bit[7:0])
C4H
R2
R2 Port Data Register (Bit[7:0])
C5H
R2IO
R2 Port Direction Register (Bit[7:0])
C6H
R3
R3 Port Data Register (Bit[4:0])
C7H
R3IO
R3 Port Direction Register (Bit[4:0])
CAH
R5
R5 Port Data Register (Bit[7:3])
CBH
R5IO
R5 Port Direction Register (Bit[7:3])
CCH
R6
R6 Port Data Register (Bit[7:0])
CDH
R6IO
R6 Port Direction Register (Bit[7:0])
D0H
TM0
D1H
T0/TDR0/
CDR0
D2H
TM1
D3H
TDR1/
T1PPR
Timer1 Data Register / PWM1 Period Register
D4H
T1/CDR1/
T1PDR
Timer1 Register / Capture1 Data Register / PWM1 Duty Register
D5H
PWM1HR
PWM1 High Register(Bit[3:0])
DEH
BUR
BUCK1
BUCK0
BUR5
BUR4
BUR3
BUR2
BUR1
BUR0
E0H
SIOM
POL
IOSW
SM1
SM0
SCK1
SCK0
SIOST
SIOSF
E1H
SIOR
E2H
IENH
INT0E
INT1E
T0E
T1E
E3H
IENL
ADE
WDTE
BITE
SPIE
-
-
-
-
E4H
IRQH
INT0IF
INT1IF
T0IF
T1IF
E5H
IRQL
ADIF
WDTIF
BITIF
SPIIF
-
-
-
-
E6H
IEDS
IED1H
IED1L
IED0H
IED0L
EAH
ADCM
ADS2
ADS1
ADS0
ADST
ADSF
EBH
ADCR
ADC Result Data Register
ECH
BITR1
Basic Interval Timer Data Register
ECH
CKCTLR1
WDTON
BTCL
BTS2
BTS1
BTS0
EDH
WDTR
WDTCL
EFH
PFDR2
-
-
-
-
-
PFDIS
PFDM
PFDS
F4H
R0FUNC
-
-
-
-
BUZO
EC0
INT1
INT0
-
-
CAP0
Timer0 Register / Timer0 Data Register / Capture0 Data Register
POL
16BIT
PWM1E
CAP1
T1CK1
T1CK0
SPI DATA REGISTER
-
-
ADEN
WAKEUP
ADS3
RCWDT
7-bit Watchdog Counter Register
Table 8-3 Control Registers of GMS81C2120
These registers of shaded area can not be access by bit manipulation instruction as " SET1, CLR1 ", but should be access by register operation instruction as " LDM dp,#imm ".
28
JUNE. 2001 Ver 1.00
GMS81C2112/GMS81C2120
Address
Name
Bit 7
Bit 6
Bit 5
Bit 4
Bit 3
Bit 2
Bit 1
Bit 0
F6H
R5FUNC
-
PWM1O/
T1O
-
-
-
-
-
-
F7H
R6FUNC
AN7
AN6
AN5
AN4
AN3
AN2
AN1
AN0
F9H
R5NODR
NODR7
NODR6
NODR5
NODR4
NODR3
-
-
-
FAH
SCMR
-
-
-
CS1
CS0
-
-
MAINOFF
FBH
RA
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
RA0
Table 8-3 Control Registers of GMS81C2120
These registers of shaded area can not be access by bit manipulation instruction as " SET1, CLR1 ", but should be access by register operation instruction as " LDM dp,#imm ".
1.The register BITR and CKCTLR are located at same address. Address ECH is read as BITR, written to CKCTLR.
2.The register PFDR only be implemented on devices, not on In-circuit Emulator.
JUNE. 2001 Ver 1.00
29
GMS81C2112/GMS81C2120
8.4 Addressing Mode
The GMS800 series MCU uses six addressing modes;
(3) Direct Page Addressing → dp
• Register addressing
In this mode, a address is specified within direct page.
• Immediate addressing
Example; G=0
• Direct page addressing
C535
LDA
;A ←RAM[35H]
35H
• Absolute addressing
• Indexed addressing
• Register-indirect addressing
35H
data
➋
~
~
(1) Register Addressing
Register addressing accesses the A, X, Y, C and PSW.
~
~
0E550H
C5
0E551H
35
data → A
➊
(2) Immediate Addressing → #imm
In this mode, second byte (operand) is accessed as a data
immediately.
(4) Absolute Addressing → !abs
Example:
0435
ADC
Absolute addressing sets corresponding memory data to
Data, i.e. second byte (Operand I) of command becomes
lower level address and third byte (Operand II) becomes
upper level address.
With 3 bytes command, it is possible to access to whole
memory area.
#35H
MEMORY
04
A+35H+C → A
35
ADC, AND, CMP, CMPX, CMPY, EOR, LDA, LDX,
LDY, OR, SBC, STA, STX, STY
Example;
0735F0
ADC
;A ←ROM[0F035H]
!0F035H
When G-flag is 1, then RAM address is defined by 16-bit
address which is composed of 8-bit RAM paging register
(RPR) and 8-bit immediate data.
data
0F035H
➋
Example: G=1
E45535
LDM
~
~
35H,#55H
0F100H
data
0135H
➊
0F100H
30
~
~
E4
55
0F102H
35
➊
A+data+C → A
07
0F101H
35
0F102H
F0
address: 0F035
data ¨ 55H
~
~
0F101H
~
~
➋
The operation within data memory (RAM)
ASL, BIT, DEC, INC, LSR, ROL, ROR
Example; Addressing accesses the address 0135H regardless of G-flag.
JUNE. 2001 Ver 1.00
GMS81C2112/GMS81C2120
983501
INC
;A ←ROM[135H]
!0135H
35H
data
135H
➌
~
~
~
~
➋
data
~
~
~
~
➋
data+1 → data
0F100H
98
➊
0F101H
35
address: 0135
0F102H
01
data Æ A
➊
36H Æ X
DB
X indexed direct page (8 bit offset) → dp+X
(5) Indexed Addressing
X indexed direct page (no offset) → {X}
In this mode, a address is specified by the X register.
This address value is the second byte (Operand) of command plus the data of -register. And it assigns the memory in Direct page.
ADC, AND, CMP, EOR, LDA, OR, SBC, STA, XMA
ADC, AND, CMP, EOR, LDA, LDY, OR, SBC, STA
STY, XMA, ASL, DEC, INC, LSR, ROL, ROR
Example; X=15H, G=1
Example; G=0, X=0F5H
D4
LDA
115H
{X}
;ACC←RAM[X].
data
~
~
45H+X
data
➌
data → A
➊
D4
0E550H
LDA
3AH
➋
~
~
C645
~
~
➋
~
~
0E550H
C6
0E551H
45
data → A
➊
45H+0F5H=13AH
X indexed direct page, auto increment→
→ {X}+
In this mode, a address is specified within direct page by
the X register and the content of X is increased by 1.
LDA, STA
Example; G=0, X=35H
DB
LDA
{X}+
Y indexed direct page (8 bit offset) → dp+Y
This address value is the second byte (Operand) of command plus the data of Y-register, which assigns Memory in
Direct page.
This is same with above (2). Use Y register instead of X.
Y indexed absolute → !abs+Y
Sets the value of 16-bit absolute address plus Y-register
data as Memory.This addressing mode can specify memory in whole area.
Example; Y=55H
JUNE. 2001 Ver 1.00
31
GMS81C2112/GMS81C2120
D500FA
LDA
!0FA00H+Y
0F100H
D5
0F101H
00
0F102H
FA
1625
➊
ADC
35H
05
36H
E0
~
~
➋
0E005H
~
~ ➋
~
~
0FA00H+55H=0FA55H
~
~
[25H+X]
0E005H
➊ 25 + X(10) = 35H
data
~
~
data
0FA55H
~
~
data → A
➌
0FA00H
16
25
➌ A + data + C → A
(6) Indirect Addressing
Y indexed indirect → [dp]+Y
Direct page indirect → [dp]
Assigns data address to use for accomplishing command
which sets memory data (or pair memory) by Operand.
Also index can be used with Index register X,Y.
ADC, AND, CMP, EOR, LDA, OR, SBC, STA
JMP, CALL
Example; G=0, Y=10H
Example; G=0
3F35
Processes memory data as Data, assigned by the data
[dp+1][dp] of 16-bit pair memory paired by Operand in Direct pageplus Y-register data.
JMP
1725
[35H]
ADC
[25H]+Y
35H
0A
25H
05
36H
E3
26H
E0
~
~
0E30AH
~
~
~
~
➊
NEXT
~
~
0FA00H
➋
jump to
address 0E30AH
0E015H
~
~
3F
~
~
➋
~
~
0FA00H
35
➊
0E005H + Y(10)
= 0E015H
data
~
~
17
25
➌
A + data + C → A
X indexed indirect → [dp+X]
Absolute indirect → [!abs]
Processes memory data as Data, assigned by 16-bit pair
memory which is determined by pair data
[dp+X+1][dp+X] Operand plusX-register data in Direct
page.
The program jumps to address specified by 16-bit absolute
address.
ADC, AND, CMP, EOR, LDA, OR, SBC, STA
Example; G=0
JMP
Example; G=0, X=10H
32
JUNE. 2001 Ver 1.00
GMS81C2112/GMS81C2120
1F25E0
JMP
[!0C025H]
PROGRAM MEMORY
0E025H
25
0E026H
E7
~
~
➊
0E725H
~
~
NEXT
~
~
0FA00H
➋
jump to
address 0E30AH
~
~
1F
25
E0
JUNE. 2001 Ver 1.00
33
GMS81C2112/GMS81C2120
9. I/O PORTS
The GMS81C21xx has five ports (R0, R2, R3, R5, and
R6).These ports pins may be multiplexed with an alternate
function for the peripheral features on the device.
All pins have data direction registers which can define
these ports as output or input. A “1” in the port direction
register configure the corresponding port pin as output.
Conversely, write “0” to the corresponding bit to specify it
as input pin. For example, to use the even numbered bit of
R0 as output ports and the odd numbered bits as input
ports, write “55H” to address 0C1H (R0 port direction register) during initial setting as shown in Figure 9-1.
R0 and R0IO register: R0 is an 8-bit high-voltage CMOS
bidirectional I/O port (address 0C0H). Each port can be set
individually as input and output through the R0IO register
(address 0C1H). Each port can directly drive a vacuum fluorescent display. R03 port is multiplexed with Buzzer Output Port(BUZO), R02 port is multiplexed with Event
Counter Input Port (EC0), and R01~R00 are multiplexed
with External Interrupt Input Port(INT1, INT0)
R00
R01
R02
R03
All the port direction registers in the GMS81C2120 have 0
written to them by reset function. On the other hand, its initial status is input.
WRITE "55H" TO PORT R0 DIRECTION REGISTER
0C0H
R0 data
0C1H
R0 direction
0C2H
R1 data
0C3H
R1 direction
0 1 0 1 0 1 0 1
7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0
BIT
I O I O I O I O PORT
7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0
I : INPUT PORT
O : OUTPUT PORT
Alternate Function
Port Pin
INT0 (External interrupt 0 Input Port)
INT1 (External interrupt 1 Input Port)
EC0 (Event Counter Input Port)
BUZO (Buzzer Output Port)
.The control register R0FUNC (address F4H) controls to
select alternate function. After reset, this value is "0", port
may be used as general I/O ports. To select alternate function such as Buzzer Output, External Event Counter Input
and External Interrupt Input, write "1" to the corresponding bit of R0FUNC. Regardless of the direction register
R0IO, R0FUNC is selected to use as alternate functions,
port pin can be used as a corresponding alternate features
(BUZO, EC0, INT1, INT0)
ADDRESS: 0C0H
RESET VALUE: Undefined
R0 Data Register
Figure 9-1 Example of Port I/O Assignment
RA(Vdisp) register: RA is one-bit high-voltage input
only port pin. In addition, RA serves the functions of the
Vdisp special features. Vdisp is used as a high-voltage input
power supply pin when selected by the mask option.
RA Data Register
ADDRESS: 0FBH
RESET VALUE: Undefined
RA
R0
R07 R06 R05 R04 R03 R02 R01 R00
Input / Output data
ADDRESS : 0C1H
RESET VALUE : 00H
R0 Direction Register
R0IO
Port Direction
0: Input
1: Output
RA0
Input data
ADDRESS : 0F4
R0 Function Selection Register RESET VALUE :H----0000
B
R0FUNC
Port pin
RA
34
Alternate function
Vdisp (High-voltage input power supply)
-
-
-
-
0: R02
1: BUZO
0: R03
1: EC0
3
2
1
0
0: R00
1: INT0
0: R01
1: INT1
JUNE. 2001 Ver 1.00
GMS81C2112/GMS81C2120
R2 and R2IO register: R2 is an 8-bit high-voltage CMOS
bidirectional I/O port (address 0C4H). Each port can be set
individually as input and output through the R2IO register
(address 0C5H). Each port can directly drive a vacuum fluorescent display.
ADDRESS: 0C4H
RESET VALUE: Undefined
R2 Data Register
R2
R27 R26 R25 R24 R23 R22 R21 R20
R5FUNC.
The control register R5NODR (address 0F9H) controls to
select N-MOS open drain port. To select N-MOS open
drain port, write "1" to the corresponding bit of R5FUNC.
ADDRESS: 0CAH
RESET VALUE: Undefined
R5 Data Register
R57 R56 R55 R54 R53
R5
ADDRESS : 0C5H
RESET VALUE : 00H
ADDRESS : 0CBH
RESET VALUE : 00000---B
R5 Direction Register
Port Direction
0: Input
1: Output
Port Direction
0: Input
1: Output
R3 and R3IO register: R3 is a 5-bit high-voltage CMOS
bidirectional I/O port (address 0C6H). Each port can be set
individually as input and output through the R3IO register
(address 0C7H).
ADDRESS: 0C6H
RESET VALUE: Undefined
R3 Data Register
-
-
-
R34 R33 R32 R31 R30
ADDRESS : 0F6
R5 Function Selection Register RESET VALUE :H-0-----R5FUNC
R3 Direction Register
-
-
-
R5 and R5IO register: R5 is an 5-bit bidirectional I/O
port (address 0CAH). Each pin can be set individually as
input and output through the R5IO register (address
0CB H).In addition, Port R5 is multiplexed with Pulse
Width Modulator (PWM).
R56
Alternate Function
PWM1 Data Output
Timer 1 Data Output
The control register R5FUNC (address 0F6H) controls to
select PWM function.After reset, the R5IO register value
is "0", port may be used as general I/O ports. To select
PWM function, write "1" to the corresponding bit of
JUNE. 2001 Ver 1.00
6
-
-
-
-
-
B
-
R5 N-MOS Open Drain
Selection Register
ADDRESS: 0F9H
RESET VALUE: 00000---B
R5NODR
N-MOS Open Drain Selection
0: Disable
1: Enable
ADDRESS : 0C7H
RESET VALUE : ---00000B
Port Direction
0: Input
1: Output
Port Pin
-
0: R56
1: PWM1O/T1O
Input / Output data
R3IO
-
R5IO
R2IO
R3
-
Input / Output data
Input / Output data
R2 Direction Register
-
R6 and R6IO register: R6 is an 8-bit bidirectional I/O
port (address 0CCH). Each port can be set individually as
input and output through the R6IO register (address
0CDH). R67~R60 ports are multiplexed with Analog Input
Port.
Port Pin
R60
R61
R62
R63
R64
R65
R66
R67
Alternate Function
AN0 (ADC input 0)
AN1 (ADC input 1)
AN2 (ADC input 2)
AN3 (ADC input 3)
AN4 (ADC input 4)
AN5 (ADC input 5)
AN6 (ADC input 6)
AN7 (ADC input 7)
The control register R6FUNC (address 0F7H) controls to
select alternate function. After reset, this value is "0", port
may be used as general I/O ports. To select alternate func-
35
GMS81C2112/GMS81C2120
tion such as Analog Input, write "1" to the corresponding
bit of R6FUNC. Regardless of the direction register R6IO,
R6FUNC is selected to use as alternate functions, port pin
can be used as a corresponding alternate features
(AN7~AN0)
ADDRESS: 0CCH
RESET VALUE: Undefined
R6 Data Register
R6
R67 R66 R65 R64 R63 R62 R61 R60
Input / Output data
ADDRESS : 0CDH
RESET VALUE : 00H
R6 Direction Register
R6IO
Port Direction
0: Input
1: Output
ADDRESS : 0F7
R6 Function Selection Register RESET VALUE :H00
H
R6FUNC
7
6
5
0: R67
1: AN7
0: R66
1: AN6
0: R65
1: AN5
0: R64
1: AN4
36
4
3
2
1
0
0: R60
1: AN0
0: R61
1: AN1
0: R62
1: AN2
0: R63
1: AN3
JUNE. 2001 Ver 1.00
GMS81C2112/GMS81C2120
10. BASIC INTERVAL TIMER
comes "0" after one machine cycle by hardware.
The GMS81C21xx has one 8-bit Basic Interval Timer that
is free-run, can not stop. Block diagram is shown in Figure
10-1. In addition, the Basic Interval Timer generates the
time base for watchdog timer counting. It also provides a
Basic interval timer interrupt (BITIF).
If the STOP instruction executed after writing "1" to bit
WAKEUP of CKCTLR, it goes into the wake-up timer
mode. In this mode, all of the block is halted except the oscillator, prescaler (only fXIN÷2048) and Timer0.
The 8-bit Basic interval timer register (BITR) is increased
every internal count pulse which is divided by prescaler.
Since prescaler has divided ratio by 8 to 1024, the count
rate is 1/8 to 1/1024 of the oscillator frequency. As the
count overflows from FFH to 00H, this overflow causes to
generate the Basic interval timer interrupt. The BITIF is interrupt request flag of Basic interval timer. The Basic Interval Timer is controlled by the clock control register
(CKCTLR) shown in Figure 10-2.
If the STOP instruction executed after writing "1" to bit
RCWDT of CKCTLR, it goes into the internal RC oscillated watchdog timer mode. In this mode, all of the block is
halted except the internal RC oscillator, Basic Interval
Timer and Watchdog Timer. More detail informations are
explained in Power Saving Function. The bit WDTON decides Watchdog Timer or the normal 7-bit timer.
Source clock can be selected by lower 3 bits of CKCTLR.
BITR and CKCTLR are located at same address, and address 0ECH is read as a BITR, and written to CKCTLR.
When write "1" to bit BTCL of CKCTLR, BITR register is
cleared to "0" and restart to count-up. The bit BTCL be-
Internal RC OSC
WAKEUP
STOP
÷8
÷16
Prescaler
÷32
XIN PIN
1
÷64
÷128
MUX
source
clock
8-bit up-counter
BITIF
BITR
÷256
Basic Interval
Timer Interrupt
overflow
0
÷512
[0ECH]
÷1024
To Watchdog timer (WDTCK)
clear
Select Input clock 3
BTS[2:0]
[0ECH]
RCWDT
BTCL
CKCTLR
Basic Interval Timer
clock control register
Read
Internal bus line
Figure 10-1 Block Diagram of Basic Interval Timer
JUNE. 2001 Ver 1.00
37
GMS81C2112/GMS81C2120
CKCTLR
[2:0]
Interrupt (overflow) Period (ms)
@ fXIN = 4MHz
Source clock
fXIN÷8
fXIN÷16
fXIN÷32
fXIN÷64
fXIN÷128
fXIN÷256
fXIN÷512
fXIN÷1024
000
001
010
011
100
101
110
111
0.512
1.024
2.048
4.096
8.192
16.384
32.768
65.536
Table 10-1 Basic Interval Timer Interrupt Time
CKCTLR
7
-
6
5
WAKEUP RCWDT
4
WDTON
3
2
1
0
BTCL
BTCL BTS2 BTS1 BTS0
ADDRESS: 0ECH
INITIAL VALUE: -001 0111B
Basic Interval Timer source clock select
000: fXIN ÷ 8
001: fXIN ÷ 16
010: fXIN ÷ 32
011: fXIN ÷ 64
100: fXIN ÷ 128
101: fXIN ÷ 256
110: fXIN ÷ 512
111: fXIN ÷ 1024
Clear bit
0: Normal operation (free-run)
1: Clear 8-bit counter (BITR) to “0”. This bit becomes 0 automatically
after one machine cycle, and starts counting.
Caution:
Both register are in same address,
when write, to be a CKCTLR,
when read, to be a BITR.
0: Operate as a 7-bit general timer
1: Enable Watchdog Timer operation
See the section “Watchdog Timer”.
0: Disable Internal RC Watchdog Timer
1: Enable Internal RC Watchdog Timer
0: Disable Wake-up Timer
1: Enable Wake-up Timer
7
6
BITR
5
4
3
BTCL
2
1
0
ADDRESS: 0ECH
INITIAL VALUE: Undefined
8-BIT FREE-RUN BINARY COUNTER
Figure 10-2 BITR: Basic Interval Timer Mode Register
Example 1:
Example 2:
Basic Interval Timer Interrupt request flag is generated
every 4.096ms at 4MHz.
Basic Interval Timer Interrupt request flag is generated
every 1.024ms at 4MHz.
:
LDM
SET1
EI
:
38
CKCTLR,#03H
BITE
:
LDM
SET1
EI
:
CKCTLR,#01H
BITE
JUNE. 2001 Ver 1.00
GMS81C2112/GMS81C2120
11. WATCHDOG TIMER
The watchdog timer rapidly detects the CPU malfunction
such as endless looping caused by noise or the like, and resumes the CPU to the normal state.
The watchdog timer signal for detecting malfunction can
be selected either a reset CPU or a interrupt request.
Note: Because the watchdog timer counter is enabled after clearing Basic Interval Timer, after the bit WDTON set to
"1", maximum error of timer is depend on prescaler ratio of
Basic Interval Timer. The 7-bit binary counter is cleared by
setting WDTCL(bit7 of WDTR) and the WDTCL is cleared
automatically after 1 machine cycle.
When the watchdog timer is not being used for malfunction detection, it can be used as a timer to generate an interrupt at fixed intervals. The purpose of the watchdog
timer is to detect the malfunction (runaway) of program
due to external noise or other causes and return the operation to the normal condition.
The RC oscillated watchdog timer is activated by setting
the bit RCWDT as shown below.
LDM
LDM
STOP
NOP
NOP
:
The watchdog timer has two types of clock source.
The first type is an on-chip RC oscillator which does not
require any external components. This RC oscillator is separate from the external oscillator of the Xin pin. It means
that the watchdog timer will run, even if the clock on the
Xin pin of the device has been stopped, for example, by entering the STOP mode.
CKCTLR,#3FH; enable the RC-osc WDT
WDTR,#0FFH; set the WDT period
; enter the STOP mode
; RC-osc WDT running
The RCWDT oscillation period is vary with temperature,
VDD and process variations from part to part (approximately, 40~120uS). The following equation shows the
RCWDT oscillated watchdog timer time-out.
T R C W D T = C L K R C W D T ×28×[W D T R .6~ 0 ]+ (C L K R C W D T ×28)/2
The other type is a prescaled system clock.
w h ere, C L K R C W D T = 40~ 1 20u S
The watchdog timer consists of 7-bit binary counter and
the watchdog timer data register. When the value of 7-bit
binary counter is equal to the lower 7 bits of WDTR, the
interrupt request flag is generated. This can be used as
WDT interrupt or reset the CPU in accordance with the bit
WDTON.
In addition, this watchdog timer can be used as a simple 7bit timer by interrupt WDTIF. The interval of watchdog
timer interrupt is decided by Basic Interval Timer. Interval
equation is as below.
TWDT = [WDTR.6~0] × Interval of BIT
clear
Watchdog
Counter (7-bit)
BASIC INTERVAL TIMER
Count
OVERFLOW
source
clear
“0”
WDTCL
WDTON in CKCTLR [0ECH]
7-bit compare data
WDTIF
7
WDTR
to reset CPU
“1”
enable
comparator
Watchdog Timer interrupt
Watchdog Timer
Register
[0EDH]
Internal bus line
Figure 11-1 Block Diagram of Watchdog Timer
JUNE. 2001 Ver 1.00
39
GMS81C2112/GMS81C2120
Watchdog Timer Control
the binary counters unless the binary counter is cleared. At
this time, when WDTON=1, a reset is generated, which
drives the RESET pin to low to reset the internal hardware.
When WDTON=0, a watchdog timer interrupt (WDTIF) is
generated.
Figure 11-2 shows the watchdog timer control register.
The watchdog timer is automatically disabled after reset.
The CPU malfunction is detected during setting of the detection time, selecting of output, and clearing of the binary
counter. Clearing the binary counter is repeated within the
detection time.
The watchdog timer temporarily stops counting in the
STOP mode, and when the STOP mode is released, it automatically restarts (continues counting).
If the malfunction occurs for any cause, the watchdog timer output will become active at the rising overflow from
W
7
WDTR
W
6
W
5
W
4
W
3
W
2
W
1
W
0
WDTCL
ADDRESS: 0EDH
INITIAL VALUE: 0111_1111B
7-bit compare data
Clear count flag
0: Free-run count
1: When the WDTCL is set to "1", binary counter
is cleared to “0”. And the WDTCL becomes “0” automatically
after one machine cycle. Counter count up again.
NOTE:
The WDTON bit is in register CKCTLR.
Figure 11-2 WDTR: Watchdog Timer Data Register
Example: Sets the watchdog timer detection time to 0.5 sec at 4.19MHz
Within WDT
detection time
Within WDT
detection time
40
LDM
LDM
CKCTLR,#3FH
WDTR,#04FH
;Select 1/2048 clock source, WDTON ← 1, Clear Counter
LDM
:
:
:
:
LDM
:
:
:
:
LDM
WDTR,#04FH
;Clear counter
WDTR,#04FH
;Clear counter
WDTR,#04FH
;Clear counter
JUNE. 2001 Ver 1.00
GMS81C2112/GMS81C2120
Enable and Disable Watchdog
Watchdog Timer Interrupt
Watchdog timer is enabled by setting WDTON (bit 4 in
CKCTLR) to “1”. WDTON is initialized to “0” during reset and it should be set to “1” to operate after reset is released.
The watchdog timer can be also used as a simple 7-bit timer by clearing bit5 of CKCTLR to “0”. The interval of
watchdog timer interrupt is decided by Basic Interval Timer. Interval equation is shown as below.
Example: Enables watchdog timer for Reset
:
LDM
:
:
T = WDTR × Interval of BIT
CKCTLR,#xx1x_xxxxB;WDTON ← 1
The stack pointer (SP) should be initialized before using
the watchdog timer output as an interrupt source.
Example: 7-bit timer interrupt set up.
The watchdog timer is disabled by clearing bit 5 (WDTON) of CKCTLR. The watchdog timer is halted in STOP
mode and restarts automatically after STOP mode is released.
LDM
LDM
CKCTLR,#xx0xxxxxB;WDTON ←0
WDTR,#7FH
;WDTCL ←1
:
Source clock
BIT overflow
Binary-counter
2
1
3
0
1
2
3
0
Counter
Clear
WDTR
3
n
Match
Detect
WDTIF interrupt
WDTR ← "0100_0011B"
WDT reset
reset
Figure 11-3 Watchdog timer Timing
If the watchdog timer output becomes active, a reset is generated, which drives the RESET pin low to reset the internal hardware.
JUNE. 2001 Ver 1.00
The main clock oscillator also turns on when a watchdog
timer reset is generated in sub clock mode.
41
GMS81C2112/GMS81C2120
12. TIMER/EVENT COUNTER
sponse to a 1-to-0 (falling edge) or 0-to-1(rising edge) transition at its corresponding external input pin, EC0.
The GMS81C21xx has two Timer/Counter registers. Each
module can generate an interrupt to indicate that an event
has occurred (i.e. timer match).
In addition the “capture” function, the register is increased
in response external or internal clock sources same with
timer or counter function. When external clock edge input,
the count register is captured into capture data register
CDRx.
Timer 0 and Timer 1 are can be used either two 8-bit Timer/Counter or one 16-bit Timer/Counter with combine
them.
In the "timer" function, the register is increased every internal clock input. Thus, one can think of it as counting internal clock input. Since a least clock consists of 2 and
most clock consists of 2048 oscillator periods, the count
rate is 1/2 to 1/2048 of the oscillator frequency in Timer0.
And Timer1 can use the same clock source too. In addition,
Timer1 has more fast clock source (1/1 to 1/8).
Timer1 is shared with "PWM" function and "Compare output" function
It has seven operating modes: "8-bit timer/counter", "16bit timer/counter", "8-bit capture", "16-bit capture", "8-bit
compare output", "16-bit compare output" and "10-bit
PWM" which are selected by bit in Timer mode register
TM0 and TM1 as shown in Figure 12-1 and Table 12-1.
In the “counter” function, the register is increased in re16BIT
CAP0
CAP1
PWM1E
T0CK
[2:0]
T1CK
[1:0]
PWM1O
0
0
0
0
XXX
XX
0
8-bit Timer
8-bit Timer
0
0
1
0
111
XX
0
8-bit Event counter
8-bit Capture
0
1
0
0
XXX
XX
1
8-bit Capture (internal clock)
8-bit Compare Output
0
X
0
1
XXX
XX
1
8-bit Timer/Counter
10-bit PWM
1
0
0
0
XXX
11
0
16-bit Timer
1
0
0
0
111
11
0
16-bit Event counter
1
1
X
0
XXX
11
0
16-bit Capture (internal clock)
1
0
0
0
XXX
11
1
16-bit Compare Output
TIMER 0
TIMER 1
Table 12-1 Operating Modes of Timer0 and Timer1
42
JUNE. 2001 Ver 1.00
GMS81C2112/GMS81C2120
R/W
5
TM0
-
-
R/W
3
R/W
2
R/W
1
R/W
0
CA P0 T0Ck2 T0C
BTCL
K1 T0C k0 T0C N
T0ST
ADD RES S: 0D0 H
INITIAL V ALUE: --000000 B
Bit Name
Bit Position
Description
CAP0
TM0.5
0: Timer/Counter mode
1: Capture mode selection flag
T0CK2
T0CK1
T0CK0
TM0.4
TM0.3
TM0.2
000: 8-bit Timer, Clock source is fXIN ÷ 2
001: 8-bit Timer, Clock source is fXIN ÷ 4
010: 8-bit Timer, Clock source is fXIN ÷ 8
011: 8-bit Timer, Clock source is fXIN ÷ 32
100: 8-bit Timer, Clock source is fXIN ÷ 128
101: 8-bit Timer, Clock source is fXIN ÷ 512
110: 8-bit Timer, Clock source is fXIN ÷ 2048
111: EC0 (External clock)
T0CN
TM0.1
0: Stop the timer
1: A logic 1 starts the timer.
T0ST
TM0.0
0: When cleared, stop the counting.
1: When set, Timer 0 Count Register is cleared and start again.
R/W
7
TM1
R/W
4
POL
R/W
6
R/W
5
R/W
4
R/W
3
R/W
2
R/W
1
R/W
0
16BIT PWM1E CAP1 T1CK1
BTCL T1CK0 T1CN T1ST
ADDRESS: 0D2H
INITIAL VALUE: 00H
Bit Name
Bit Position
Description
POL
TM1.7
0: PWM Duty Active Low
1: PWM Duty Active High
16BIT
TM1.6
0: 8-bit Mode
1: 16-bit Mode
PWMIE
TM1.5
0: Disable PWM
1: Enable PWM
CAP1
TM1.4
0: Timer/Counter mode
1: Capture mode selection flag
T1CK1
T1CK0
TM1.3
TM1.2
00: 8-bit Timer, Clock source is fXIN
01: 8-bit Timer, Clock source is fXIN ÷ 2
10: 8-bit Timer, Clock source is fXIN ÷ 8
11: 8-bit Timer, Clock source is Using the the Timer 0 Clock
T0CN
TM1.1
0: Stop the timer
1: A logic 1 starts the timer.
T0ST
TM1.0
0: When cleared, stop the counting.
1: When set, Timer 0 Count Register is cleared and start again.
R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
0
TDR0
R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
0
TDR1
ADDRESS: 0D1H
INITIAL VALUE: Undefined
ADDRESS: 0D3H
INITIAL VALUE: Undefined
Read: Count value read
Write: Compare data write
Figure 12-1 TM0, TM1 Registers
JUNE. 2001 Ver 1.00
43
GMS81C2112/GMS81C2120
12.1 8-bit Timer / Counter Mode
as an 8-bit timer/counter mode, bit CAP0 of TM0 is
cleared to "0" and bits 16BIT of TM1 should be cleared to
“0”(Table 12-1).
The GMS81C21xx has two 8-bit Timer/Counters, Timer 0,
Timer 1 as shown in Figure 12-2.
The "timer" or "counter" function is selected by mode registers TMx as shown in Figure 12-1 and Table 12-1. To use
TM0
7
6
-
-
-
-
5
4
3
2
1
0
ADDRESS: 0D0H
INITIAL VALUE: --000000B
CAP0 T0CK2 BTCL
T0CK1 T0CK0 T0CN T0ST
0
X
X
X
X
X
X means don’t care
7
TM1
6
5
4
3
2
1
0
POL 16BIT PWM1E CAP1 BTCL
T1CK1 T1CK0 T1CN T1ST
X
0
0
0
X
X
X
ADDRESS: 0D2H
INITIAL VALUE: 00H
X
X means don’t care
T0CK[2:0]
EDGE
DETECTOR
EC0 PIN
111
T0ST
÷2
000
÷4
Prescaler
XIN PIN
0: Stop
1: Clear and start
001
÷8
010
÷
T0 (8-bit)
clear
011
÷
100
÷512
÷2048
101
T0CN
T0IF
Comparator
TIMER 0
INTERRUPT
110
MUX
TIMER 0
TDR0 (8-bit)
F/F
T0O PIN
T1CK[1:0]
T1ST
÷1
÷2
÷8
0: Stop
1: Clear and start
11
00
T1 (8-bit)
01
clear
10
T1CN
T1IF
MUX
Comparator
TIMER 1
TDR1 (8-bit)
F/F
TIMER 1
INTERRUPT
T1O PIN
Figure 12-2 8-bit Timer/Counter 0, 1
44
JUNE. 2001 Ver 1.00
GMS81C2112/GMS81C2120
Example 1:
Timer0 = 2ms 8-bit timer mode at 4MHz
Timer1 = 0.5ms 8-bit timer mode at 4MHz
LDM
LDM
LDM
LDM
SET1
SET1
EI
TDR0,#250
TDR1,#250
TM0,#0000_1111B
TM1,#0000_1011B
T0E
T1E
Example 2:
Timer0 = 8-bit event counter mode
Timer1 = 0.5ms 8-bit timer mode at 4MHz
LDM
LDM
LDM
LDM
SET1
SET1
EI
TDR0,#250
TDR1,#250
TM0,#0001_1111B
TM1,#0000_1011B
T0E
T1E
JUNE. 2001 Ver 1.00
Note: The contents of Timer data register TDRx should be
initialized 1H~FFH, not 0H, because it is undefined after reset.
These timers have each 8-bit count register and data register. The count register is increased by every internal or external clock input. The internal clock has a prescaler divide
ratio option of 2, 4, 8, 32,128, 512, 2048 selected by control bits T0CK[2:0] of register (TM0) and 1, 2, 8 selected
by control bits T1CK[1:0] of register (TM1). In the Timer
0, timer register T0 increases from 00H until it matches
TDR0 and then reset to 00H. The match output of Timer 0
generates Timer 0 interrupt (latched in T0IF bit). As TDRx
and Tx register are in same address, when reading it as a
Tx, written to TDRx.
In counter function, the counter is increased every 0-to1(1-to-0) (rising & falling edge) transition of EC0 pin. In
order to use counter function, the bit EC0 of the R0 Function Selection Register (R0FUNC.2) is set to "1". The Timer
0 can be used as a counter by pin EC0 input, but Timer 1
can not.
45
GMS81C2112/GMS81C2120
8-bit Timer Mode
Counting up is resumed after the up-counter is cleared.
In the timer mode, the internal clock is used for counting
up. Thus, you can think of it as counting internal clock input. The contents of TDRn are compared with the contents
of up-counter, Tn. If match is found, a timer 1 interrupt
(T1IF) is generated and the up-counter is cleared to 0.
As the value of TDRn is changeable by software, time interval is set as you want
Start count
~
~
Source clock
~
~
Up-counter
0
2
1
n-2
3
n-1
n
0
2
1
3
4
~
~
TDR1
n
~
~
Match
Detect
Counter
Clear
~
~
T1IF interrupt
Figure 12-3 Timer Mode Timing Chart
Example: Make 2msinterrupt using by Timer0 at 4MHz
LDM
LDM
SET1
EI
TM0,#0FH
TDR0,#125
T0E
;
;
;
;
divide by 32
8us x 125= 1ms
Enable Timer 0 Interrupt
Enable Master Interrupt
When
TM0 = 0000 1111B (8-bit Timer mode, Prescaler divide ratio = 32)
TDR0 = 125D = 7DH
fXIN = 4 MHz
1
INTERRUPT PERIOD =
× 32 × 125 = 1 ms
4 × 106 Hz
TDR1
MATCH
(TDR0 = T0)
t
un
-c
o
8 µs
~~
~~
up
~~
7B
7A
6
Count Pulse
Period
7D
7C
7D
5
4
3
2
1
0
0
TIME
Interrupt period
= 8 µs x 125
Timer 1 (T1IF)
Interrupt
Occur interrupt
Occur interrupt
Occur interrupt
Figure 12-4 Timer Count Example
46
JUNE. 2001 Ver 1.00
GMS81C2112/GMS81C2120
8-bit Event Counter Mode
In order to use event counter function, the bit 2 of the R5
function register (R5FUNC.2) is required to be set to “1”.
In this mode, counting up is started by an external trigger.
This trigger means falling edge or rising edge of the EC0
pin input. Source clock is used as an internal clock selected
with timer mode register TM0. The contents of timer data
register TDR0 is compared with the contents of the upcounter T0. If a match is found, an timer interrupt request
flag T0IF is generated, and the counter is cleared to “0”.
The counter is restart and count up continuously by every
falling edge or rising edge of the EC0 pin input.
After reset, the value of timer data register TDR0 is undefined, it should be initialized to between 1H~FFHnot to
"0"The interval period of Timer is calculated as below
equation.
1
Period (sec) = ----------- × 2 × Divide Ratio × TDR0
f XIN
The maximum frequency applied to the EC0 pin is fXIN/2
[Hz].
Start count
~
~
ECn pin input
~
~
1
0
2
~
~
Up-counter
n-1
n
1
0
2
~
~
n
~
~
TDR1
~
~
T1IF interrupt
Figure 12-5 Event Counter Mode Timing Chart
TDR1
disable
~~
clear & start
enable
up
-
co
u
nt
stop
~~
TIME
Timer 1 (T1IF)
Interrupt
Occur interrupt
Occur interrupt
T1ST
Start & Stop
T1ST = 1
T1ST = 0
T1CN
Control count
T1CN = 1
T1CN = 0
Figure 12-6 Count Operation of Timer / Event counter
JUNE. 2001 Ver 1.00
47
GMS81C2112/GMS81C2120
12.2 16-bit Timer / Counter Mode
The clock source of the Timer 0 is selected either internal
or external clock by bit T0CK[2:0].
The Timer register is being run with 16 bits. A 16-bit timer/
counter register T0, T1 are increased from 0000H until it
matches TDR0, TDR1 and then resets to 0000 H . The
match output generates Timer 0 interrupt not Timer 1 interrupt.
7
6
-
-
-
-
TM0
5
4
3
In 16-bit mode, the bits T1CK[1:0] and 16BIT of TM1
should be set to "1" respectively.
2
1
0
ADDRESS: 0D0H
INITIAL VALUE: --000000B
CAP0 T0CK2 BTCL
T0CK1 T0CK0 T0CN T0ST
0
X
X
X
X
X
X means don’t care
7
TM1
6
5
4
3
2
1
0
ADDRESS: 0D2H
INITIAL VALUE: 00H
POL 16BIT PWM1E CAP1 BTCL
T1CK1 T1CK0 T1CN T1ST
X
1
0
0
1
1
X
X
X means don’t care
T0CK[2:0]
EDGE
DETECTOR
EC0 PIN
111
÷2
÷4
Prescaler
XIN PIN
÷8
÷
÷
÷512
÷2048
T0ST
0: Stop
1: Clear and start
000
001
0
010
1
011
100
T1 + T0
(16-bit)
clear
T0CN
101
T0IF
Comparator
110
TDR1 + TDR0
(16-bit)
MUX
F/F
TIMER 0
INTERRUPT
(Not Timer 1 interrupt)
T0O PIN
Higher byte Lower byte
COMPARE DATA
TIMER 0 + TIMER 1 → TIMER 0 (16-bit)
Figure 12-7 16-bit Timer/Counter
48
JUNE. 2001 Ver 1.00
GMS81C2112/GMS81C2120
12.3 8-bit Compare Output (16-bit)
The GMS81C21xx has a function of Timer Compare Output. To pulse out, the timer match can goes to port
pin(T0O, T1O) as shown in Figure 12-2 and Figure 12-7.
Thus, pulse out is generated by the timer match. These operation is implemented to pin, T0O, PWM1O/T1O.
In this mode, the bit PWM1O/T1O of R5 function register
(R5FUNC.6) should be set to "1", and the bit PWM1E of
timer1 mode register (TM1) should be set to "0". In addi-
tion, 16-bit Compare output mode is available, also.
This pin output the signal having a 50 : 50 duty square
wave, and output frequency is same as below equation.
Oscillation Frequency
f COMP = --------------------------------------------------------------------------------2 × Prescaler Value × ( TDR + 1 )
12.4 8-bit Capture Mode
The Timer 0 capture mode is set by bit CAP0 of timer
mode register TM0 (bit CAP1 of timer mode register TM1
for Timer 1) as shown in Figure 12-8.
As mentioned above, not only Timer 0 but Timer 1 can also
be used as a capture mode.
The Timer/Counter register is increased in response internal or external input. This counting function is same with
normal timer mode, and Timer interrupt is generated when
timer register T0 (T1) increases and matches TDR0
(TDR1).
This timer interrupt in capture mode is very useful when
the pulse width of captured signal is more wider than the
maximum period of Timer.
For example, in Figure 12-10, the pulse width of captured
signal is wider than the timer data value (FFH) over 2
times. When external interrupt is occurred, the captured
value (13H) is more little than wanted value. It can be ob-
JUNE. 2001 Ver 1.00
tained correct value by counting the number of timer overflow occurrence.
Timer/Counter still does the above, but with the added feature that a edge transition at external input INTx pin causes
the current value in the Timer x register (T0,T1), to be captured into registers CDRx (CDR0, CDR1), respectively.
After captured, Timer x register is cleared and restarts by
hardware.
Note: The CDRx, TDRx and Tx are in same address. In
the capture mode, reading operation is read the CDRx, not
Tx because path is opened to the CDRx, and TDRx is only
for writing operation.
It has three transition modes: "falling edge", "rising edge",
"both edge" which are selected by interrupt edge selection
register IEDS (Refer to External interrupt section). In addition, the transition at INTx pin generate an interrupt.
49
GMS81C2112/GMS81C2120
.
TM0
7
6
-
-
-
-
5
4
3
2
1
0
ADDRESS: 0D0H
INITIAL VALUE: --000000B
CAP0 T0CK2 BTCL
T0CK1T0CK0 T0CN T0ST
1
X
X
X
X
X
X means don’t care
7
TM1
6
5
4
3
2
1
0
ADDRESS: 0D2H
INITIAL VALUE: 00H
POL 16BIT PWM1E CAP1 BTCL
T1CK1T1CK0 T1CN T1ST
X
0
0
1
X
X
X
X
X means don’t care
T0CK[2:0]
Edge
Detector
EC0 PIN
111
T0ST
÷2
000
÷4
Prescaler
XIN PIN
0: Stop
1: Clear and start
001
÷8
T0 (8-bit)
010
÷
011
÷
clear
100
÷512
÷2048
T0CN
101
Capture
110
CDR0 (8-bit)
MUX
IEDS[1:0]
“01”
“10”
INT0 PIN
INT0IF
T1CK[1:0]
INT0
INTERRUPT
“11”
T1ST
÷1
÷2
÷8
0: Stop
1: Clear and start
11
00
T1 (8-bit)
01
clear
10
MUX
T1CN
Capture
CDR1 (8-bit)
IEDS[1:0]
“01”
INT1 PIN
“10”
INT1IF
INT1
INTERRUPT
“11”
Figure 12-8 8-bit Capture Mode
50
JUNE. 2001 Ver 1.00
GMS81C2112/GMS81C2120
This value is loaded to CDR0
n
T0
n-1
nt
ou
~~
~~
9
up
-c
8
7
6
5
4
~~
3
2
1
0
TIME
Ext. INT0 Pin
Interrupt Request
( INT0F )
Interrupt Interval Period
Ext. INT0 Pin
Interrupt Request
( INT0F )
Delay
Capture
( Timer Stop )
Clear & Start
Figure 12-9 Input Capture Operation
Ext. INT0 Pin
Interrupt Request
( INT0F )
Interrupt Interval Period = FFH + 01H + FFH +01H + 13H = 213H
Interrupt Request
( T0F )
FFH
FFH
T0
13H
00H
00H
Figure 12-10 Excess Timer Overflow in Capture Mode
JUNE. 2001 Ver 1.00
51
GMS81C2112/GMS81C2120
12.5 16-bit Capture Mode
16-bit capture mode is the same as 8-bit capture, except
that the Timer register is being run will 16 bits.
or external clock by bit T0CK2, T0CK1 and T0CK0.
In 16-bit mode, the bits T1CK1,T1CK0 and 16BIT of TM1
should be set to "1" respectively.
The clock source of the Timer 0 is selected either internal
TM0
7
6
-
-
-
-
5
4
3
2
1
0
ADDRESS: 0D0H
INITIAL VALUE: --000000B
CAP0 T0CK2 BTCL
T0CK1 T0CK0 T0CN T0ST
1
X
X
X
X
X
X means don’t care
7
TM1
6
5
4
3
2
1
0
ADDRESS: 0D2H
INITIAL VALUE: 00 H
POL 16BIT PWM1E CAP1 BTCL
T1CK1 T1CK0 T1CN T1ST
X
1
0
X
1
1
X
X
X means don’t care
T0CK[2:0]
Edge
Detector
EC0 PIN
111
T0ST
÷2
÷4
Prescaler
XIN PIN
÷8
÷
÷
÷512
÷2048
0: Stop
1: Clear and start
000
001
TDR1 + TDR0
(16-bit)
010
011
100
clear
T0CN
101
Capture
110
CDR1 + CDR0
(16-bit)
MUX
IEDS[1:0]
Higher byte Lower byte
CAPTURE DATA
“01”
INT0 PIN
“10”
INT0IF
INT0
INTERRUPT
“11”
Figure 12-11 16-bit Capture Mode
52
JUNE. 2001 Ver 1.00
GMS81C2112/GMS81C2120
Example 1:
Example 3:
Timer0 = 16-bit timer mode, 0.5s at 4MHz
Timer0 = 16-bit capture mode
LDM
LDM
LDM
LDM
SET1
EI
:
:
TM0,#0000_1111B;8uS
TM1,#0100_1100B;16bit Mode
TDR0,#<62500
;8uS X 62500
TDR1,#>62500
;=0.5s
T0E
LDM
LDM
LDM
LDM
LDM
LDM
SET1
EI
:
:
Example 2:
R0FUNC,#0000_0001B;INT0 set
TM0,#0010_1111B;Capture Mode
TM1,#0100_1100B;16bit Mode
TDR0,#<0FFH
;
TDR1,#>0FFH
;
IEDS,#01H;Falling Edge
T0E
Timer0 = 16-bit event counter mode
LDM
LDM
LDM
LDM
LDM
SET1
EI
:
:
R0FUNC,#0000_0100B;EC0 Set
TM0,#0001_1111B;Counter Mode
TM1,#0100_1100B;16bit Mode
TDR0,#<0FFH
;
TDR1,#>0FFH
;
T0E
12.6 PWM Mode
The GMS81C2120 has a high speed PWM (Pulse Width
Modulation) functions which shared with Timer1.
And writes duty value to the T1PDR and the
PWM1HR[1:0] same way.
In PWM mode, pin R56/PWM1O/T1O outputs up to a 10bit resolution PWM output. This pin should be configured
as a PWM output by setting "1" bit PWM1O in R5FUNC.6
register.
The T1PDR is configured as a double buffering for glitchless PWM output. In Figure 12-12, the duty data is transferred from the master to the slave when the period data
matched to the counted value. (i.e. at the beginning of next
duty cycle)
The period of the PWM output is determined by the
T1PPR (PWM1 Period Register) and PWM1HR[3:2]
(bit3,2 of PWM1 High Register) and the duty of the PWM
output is determined by the T1PDR (PWM1 Duty Register) and PWM1HR[1:0] (bit1,0 of PWM1 High Register).
The user writes the lower 8-bit period value to the T1PPR
and the higher 2-bit period value to the PWM1HR[3:2].
JUNE. 2001 Ver 1.00
PWM Period = [PWM1HR[3:2]T1PPR] X Source Clock
PWM Duty
= [PWM1HR[1:0]T1PDR] X Source Clock
The relation of frequency and resolution is in inverse proportion. Table 12-2 shows the relation of PWM frequency
vs. resolution.
53
GMS81C2112/GMS81C2120
If it needed more higher frequency of PWM, it should be
reduced resolution.
The bit POL of TM1 decides the polarity of duty cycle.
If the duty value is set same to the period value, the PWM
output is determined by the bit POL (1: High, 0: Low). And
if the duty value is set to "00H", the PWM output is determined by the bit POL (1: Low, 0: High).
Frequency
Resolution
T1CK[1:0]
= 00(250nS)
T1CK[1:0]
= 01(500nS)
T1CK[1:0]
= 10(2uS)
10-bit
3.9KHz
0.98KHZ
0.49KHZ
9-bit
7.8KHz
1.95KHz
0.97KHz
8-bit
15.6KHz
3.90KHz
1.95KHz
7-bit
31.2KHz
7.81KHz
3.90KHz
It can be changed duty value when the PWM output. However the changed duty value is output after the current period is over. And it can be maintained the duty value at
present output when changed only period value shown as
Figure 12-14. As it were, the absolute duty time is not
changed in varying frequency. But the changed period value must greater than the duty value.
Table 12-2 PWM Frequency vs. Resolution at 4MHz
TM1
PWM1HR
POL
16BIT
PWM1E
CAP1
T1CK1
T1CK0
T1CN
T1ST
X
0
1
0
X
X
X
X
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
ADDRESS : D5H
RESET VALUE : ----0000
Bit Manipulation Not Available
PWM1HR3PWM1HR2PWM1HR1PWM1HR0
X
X
X
Period High
T1ST
X
Duty High
X : The value "0" or "1" corresponding your operation.
PWM1HR[3:2]
T0 clock source
[T0CK]
ADDRESS : D2H
RESET VALUE : 00000000
T1PPR(8-bit)
0 : Stop
1 : Clear and Start
R56/
PWM1O/T1O
COMPARATOR
S Q
CLEAR
1
fXI
÷1
÷2
÷8
(2-bit)
MUX
R
T1 ( 8-bit )
POL
PWM1O
[R5FUNC.6]
COMPARATOR
T1CK[1:0]
T1CN
Slave
T1PDR(8-bit)
PWM1HR[1:0]
Master
T1PDR(8-bit)
Figure 12-12 PWM Mode
54
JUNE. 2001 Ver 1.00
GMS81C2112/GMS81C2120
02
03
04
05
PWM1E
7F
80
~
~ ~
~
00 01
~
~ ~
~ ~
~
T1
~
~
~
~
Source
clock
81
3FF
00 01
02
03
~
~
T1ST
~
~
T1CN
~
~
~
~
~
~
PWM1O
[POL=1]
~
~
PWM1O
[POL=0]
Duty Cycle [ 80H x 250nS = 32uS ]
Period Cycle [ 3FFH x 250nS = 255.75uS, 3.9KHz ]
T1CK[1:0] = 00 ( fXI )
PWM1HR = 0CH
Period
PWM1HR3 PWM1HR2
1
T1PPR (8-bit)
1
FFH
T1PPR = FFH
T1PDR = 80H
Duty
PWM1HR1 PWM1HR0
0
T1PDR (8-bit)
0
80H
Figure 12-13 Example of PWM at 4MHz
T 1 C K [1:0 ] = 10 ( 1 u S )
P W M 1 H R = 0 0H
T1PPR = 0EH
Write T1PPR to 0AH
T 1 P D R = 0 5H
Period changed
Source
clock
T1
01 02 03 04 05 06 07 08 09
0A 0B 0C 0D 0E
01 02 03 04 05 06 07 08 09 0A
01 02 03 04
05
PWM1O
POL=1
Duty Cycle
[ 05H x 2uS = 10uS ]
Period Cycle [ 0EH x 2uS = 28uS, 35.5KHz ]
Duty Cycle
[ 05H x 2uS = 10uS ]
Duty Cycle
[ 05H x 2uS = 10uS ]
Period Cycle [ 0AH x 2uS = 20uS, 50KHz ]
Figure 12-14 Example of Changing the Period in Absolute Duty Cycle (@4MHz)
JUNE. 2001 Ver 1.00
55
GMS81C2112/GMS81C2120
13. ANALOG DIGITAL CONVERTER
The analog-to-digital converter (A/D) allows conversion
of an analog input signal to a corresponding 8-bit digital
value. The A/D module has eight analog inputs, which are
multiplexed into one sample and hold. The output of the
sample and hold is the input into the converter, which generates the result via successive approximation. The analog
supply voltage is connected to AVDD of ladder resistance
of A/D module.
The A/D module has two registers which are the control
register ADCM and A/D result register ADR. The register
ADCM, shown in Figure 13-1, controls the operation of
the A/D converter module. The port pins can be configured
as analog inputs or digital I/O.
To use analog inputs, each port is assigned analog input
port by setting the bit ANSEL[7:0] in R6FUNC register.
ADCM
7
-
R/W
5
6
ADEN
-
R/W
4
And selected the corresponding channel to be converted by
setting ADS[3:0].
How to Use A/D Converter
The processing of conversion is start when the start bit
ADST is set to "1". After one cycle, it is cleared by hardware. The register ADCR contains the results of the A/D
conversion. When the conversion is completed, the result
is loaded into the ADCR, the A/D conversion status bit
ADSF is set to "1", and the A/D interrupt flag ADIF is set.
The block diagram of the A/D module is shown in Figure
13-2. The A/D status bit ADSF is set automatically when
A/D conversion is completed, cleared when A/D conversion is in process. The conversion time takes maximum 20
uS (at fXI=4 MHz)
R/W R/W R/W R
3
2
1
0
ADS2 BTCL
ADS1 ADS0 ADST ADSF
ADDRESS: 0EAH
INITIAL VALUE: -0-0 0001B
A/D status bit
0: A/D conversion is in progress
1: A/D conversion is completed
A/D start bit
Setting this bit starts an A/D conversion.
After one cycle, bit is cleared to “0” by hardware.
Analog input channel select
000: Channel 0 (AN0)
001: Channel 1 (AN1)
010: Channel 2 (AN2)
011: Channel 3 (AN3)
100: Channel 4 (AN4)
101: Channel 5 (AN5)
110: Channel 6 (AN6)
111: Channel 7 (AN7)
A/D converter Enable bit
0: A/D converter module turn off and
current is not flow.
1: Enable A/D converter
R
7
ADCR
R
6
R
5
R
4
R
3
BTCL
R
2
R
1
R
0
ADDRESS: 0EBH
INITIAL VALUE: Undefined
A/D Conversion Data
Figure 13-1 A/D Converter Control Register
56
JUNE. 2001 Ver 1.00
GMS81C2112/GMS81C2120
.
R6FUNC[7:0]
“0”
ADS[2:0]
“1”
AVDD
ADEN
000
R60/AN0
ANSEL0
001
R61/AN1
LADDER RESISTOR
ANSEL1
010
R62/AN2
8-bit DAC
ANSEL2
011
R63/AN3
ANSEL3
100
R64/AN4
S/H
SUCCESSIVE
APPROXIMATION
CIRCUIT
A/D
INTERRUPT
ADIF
Sample & Hold
ANSEL4
101
R65/AN5
ADR (8-bit)
ANSEL5
ADDRESS: E9H
RESET VALUE: Undefined
A/D result register
110
R66/AN6
ANSEL6
111
R67/AN7
ANSEL7
Figure 13-2 A/D Block Diagram
JUNE. 2001 Ver 1.00
57
GMS81C2112/GMS81C2120
(2) Noise countermeasures
In order to maintain 8-bit resolution, attention must be paid to
noise on pins AVDD and AN7 to AN0. Since the effect increas-
ENABLE A/D CONVERTER
es in proportion to the output impedance of the analog input source, it is recommended that a capacitor be connected
externally as shown in Figure 13-4 in order to reduce noise.
A/D INPUT CHANNEL SELECT
Analog
Input
ANALOG REFERENCE SELECT
AN11~AN0
100~1000pF
A/D START ( ADST = 1 )
Figure 13-4 Analog Input Pin Connecting Capacitor
(3) Pins AN7/R67 to AN0/R60
NOP
ADSF = 1
NO
YES
READ ADCR
Figure 13-3 A/D Converter Operation Flow
The analog input pins AN7 to AN0 also function as input/
output port (PORT R6) pins. When A/D conversion is performed with any of pins AN7 to AN0 selected, be sure not
to execute a PORT input instruction while conversion is in
progress, as this may reduce the conversion resolution.
Also, if digital pulses are applied to a pin adjacent to the
pin in the process of A/D conversion, the expected A/D
conversion value may not be obtainable due to coupling
noise. Therefore, avoid applying pulses to pins adjacent to
the pin undergoing A/D conversion.
(4) AVDD pin input impedance
A/D Converter Cautions
(1) Input range of AN7 to AN0
The input voltage of AN7 to AN0 should be within the
specification range. In particular, if a voltage above AVDD
or below AVSS is input (even if within the absolute maximum
rating range), the conversion value for that channel can not be indeterminate. The conversion values of the other channels may
also be affected.
58
A series resistor string of approximately 10KΩ is connected between the AVDD pin and the AVSS pin.
Therefore, if the output impedance of the reference voltage
source is high, this will result in parallel connection to the
series resistor string between the AVDD pin and the AVSS pin,
and there will be a large reference voltage error.
JUNE. 2001 Ver 1.00
GMS81C2112/GMS81C2120
14. SERIAL PERIPHERAL INTERFACE
clock synchronous type and consists of serial I/O register,
serial I/O mode register, clock selection circuit octal
counter and control circuit. The SOUT pin is designed to
input and output. So Serial Peripheral Interface(SPI) can
be operated with minimum two pin
The Serial Peripheral Interface (SPI) module is a serial interface useful for communicating with other peripheral of
microcontroller devices. These peripheral devices may be
serial EEPROMs, shift registers, display drivers, A/D converters, etc. The Serial Peripheral Interface(SPI) is 8-bit
SIOST
SIOSF
Start
Complete
XIN PIN
Prescaler
SCK[1:0]
÷4
÷ 16
Timer0
Overflow
POL
00
01
“0”
10
“1”
Clock
SPI
CONTROL
CIRCUIT
Clock
11
“11”
SCLK PIN
overflow
Octal
Counter
SIOIF
Serial communication
Interrupt
MUX
not “11”
SCK[1:0]
SOUT
PIN
IOSWIN
IOSW
SOUT
IOSWIN
1
Input shift register
SIN PIN
0
Shift
SIOR
Internal Bus
Figure 14-1 SPI Block Diagram
JUNE. 2001 Ver 1.00
59
GMS81C2112/GMS81C2120
Serial I/O Mode Register(SIOM) controls serial I/O function. According to SCK1 and SCK0, the internal clock or
external clock can be selected. The serial transmission operation mode is decided by setting the SM1 and SM0, and
the polarity of transfer clock is selected by setting the POL.
Serial I/O Data Register(SIOR) is a 8-bit shift register.
First LSB is send or is received. When receiving mode, serial input pin is selected by IOSW. The SPI allows 8-bits
of data to be synchronously transmitted and received.
R/W
7
SIOM
R/W
6
POL IOSW
R/W
5
SM1
R/W
4
To accomplish communication, typically three pins are
used:
- Serial Data In
- Serial Data Out
- Serial Clock
R54/SIN
R55/SOUT
R53/SCLK
.
R/W R/W R/W R
3
2
1
0
SCK1 SCK0 SIOST SIOSF
SM0 BTCL
ADDRESS: 0E0H
INITIAL VALUE: 0000 0001B
Serial transmission status bit
0: Serial transmission is in progress
1: Serial transmission is completed
Serial transmission start bit
Setting this bit starts an Serial transmission.
After one cycle, bit is cleared to “0” by hardware.
Serial transmission Clock selection
00: fXIN ÷ 4
01: fXIN ÷ 16
10: TMR0OV(Timer0 Overflow)
11: External Clock
Serial transmission Operation Mode
00: Normal Port(R55,R54,R53)
01: Sending Mode(SOUT,R54,SCLK)
10: Receiving Mode(R55,SIN,SCLK)
11: Sending & Receiving Mode(SOUT,SIN,SCLK)
Serial Input Pin Selection bit
0: SIN Pin Selection
1: IOSWIN Pin Selection
Serial Clock Polarity Selection bit
0: Data Transmission at Falling Edge
Received Data Latch at Rising Edge
1: Data Transmission at Rising Edge
Received Data Latch at Falling Edge
SIOR
R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
0
BTCL
ADDRESS: 0E1H
INITIAL VALUE: Undefined
Sending Data at Sending Mode
Receiving Data at Receiving Mode
Figure 14-2 SPI Control Register
60
JUNE. 2001 Ver 1.00
GMS81C2112/GMS81C2120
14.1 Transmission/Receiving Timing
is latched at rising edge of SCLK pin. When transmission
clock is counted 8 times, serial I/O counter is cleared as
‘0”. Transmission clock is halted in “H” state and serial I/
O interrupt(IFSIO) occurred.
The serial transmission is started by setting SIOST(bit1 of
SIOM) to “1”. After one cycle of SCK, SIOST is cleared
automatically to “0”. The serial output data from 8-bit shift
register is output at falling edge of SCLK. And input data
SIOST
SCLK [R53]
(POL=0)
SOUT [R55]
D0
D1
D2
D3
D4
D5
D6
D7
SIN [R54]
(IOSW=0)
D0
D1
D2
D3
D4
D5
D6
D7
IOSWIN [R55]
(IOSW=1)
D0
D1
D2
D3
D4
D5
D6
D7
SIOSF
(SPI Status)
SPIIF
(SPI Int. Req)
Figure 14-3 SPI Timing Diagram at POL=0
SIOST
SCLK [R53]
(POL=1)
SOUT [R55]
D0
D1
D2
D3
D4
D5
D6
D7
SIN [R54]
(IOSW=0)
D0
D1
D2
D3
D4
D5
D6
D7
IOSWIN [R55]
(IOSW=1)
D0
D1
D2
D3
D4
D5
D6
D7
SIOSF
(SPI Status)
SPIIF
(SPI Int. Req)
Figure 14-4 SPI Timing Diagram at POL=1
JUNE. 2001 Ver 1.00
61
GMS81C2112/GMS81C2120
14.2 The method of Serial I/O
Select transmission/receiving mode
The SIO interrupt is generated at the completion of SIO
and SIOSF is set to “1”. In SIO interrupt service routine,
correct transmission should be tested.
Note: When external clock is used, the frequency should
be less than 1MHz and recommended duty is 50%.
In case of receiving mode, the received data is acquired
by reading the SIOR.
In case of sending mode, write data to be send to SIOR.
Set SIOST to “1” to start serial transmission.
Note: If both transmission mode is selected and transmission is performed simultaneously it would be made error.
14.3 The Method to Test Correct Transmission
Serial I/O Interrupt
Service Routine
SIOSF
0
1
Abnormal
SE = 0
Write SIOM
SR
0
1
Normal Operation
Overrun Error
- SE : Interrupt Enable Register Low IENL(Bit3)
- SR : Interrupt Request Flag Register Low IRQL(Bit3)
Figure 14-5 Serial Method to Test Transmission
62
JUNE. 2001 Ver 1.00
GMS81C2112/GMS81C2120
15. BUZZER FUNCTION
The buzzer driver block consists of 6-bit binary counter,
buzzer register BUR, and clock source selector. It generates square-wave which has very wide range frequency
(480Hz ~ 250kHz at fXIN= 4MHz) by user software.
The bit 0 to 5 of BUR determines output frequency for
buzzer driving.
A 50% duty pulse can be output to R03/BUZO pin to use
for piezo-electric buzzer drive. Pin R03 is assigned for output
f XIN
f BUZ = ---------------------------------------------------------------------------2 × DivideRatio × ( BUR + 1 )
Equation of frequency calculation is shown below.
port of Buzzer driver by setting the bit 3 of R0FUNC(address
0F4H) to “1”. At this time, the pin R03 must be defined as
fBUZ: Buzzer frequency
output mode (the bit 3 of R0IO=1).
fXIN: Oscillator frequency
Example: 5kHz output at 4MHz.
Divide Ratio: Prescaler divide ratio by BUCK[1:0]
BUR: Lower 6-bit value of BUR. Buzzer period value.
LDM
LDM
R0IO,#XXXX_1XXXB
BUR,#0011_0010B
LDM
R0FUNC,#XXXX_1XXXB
The frequency of output signal is controlled by the buzzer
control register BUR.The bit 0 to bit 5 of BUR determine
output frequency for buzzer driving.
X means don’t care
R03 port data
6-bit binary
÷8
Prescaler
XIN PIN
00
÷16
6-BIT COUNTER
01
÷32
÷64
0
÷2
10
R03/BUZO PIN
1
F/F
11
Comparator
MUX
2
Compare data
3
6
R0FUNC Port selection
BUR
[0F4H]
[0DEH]
Internal bus line
Figure 15-1 Block Diagram of Buzzer Driver
ADDRESS : 0F4H
RESET VALUE : ---- 0000B
W
R0FUNC
-
-
-
-
BUZO
W
W
EC0
INT1
ADDRESS: 0DEH
RESET VALUE: Undefined
W
INT0
W
BUR
W
W
W
W
W
W
W
BUCK1 BUCK0
BUR[5:0]
Buzzer Period Data
R03/BUZO Selection
0: R03 port (Turn off buzzer)
1: BUZO port (Turn on buzzer)
Source clock select
00: ÷ 8
01: ÷ 16
10: ÷ 32
11: ÷ 64
Figure 15-2 R0FUNC and Buzzer Register
JUNE. 2001 Ver 1.00
63
GMS81C2112/GMS81C2120
Note: BUR is undefined after reset, so it must be initialized
to between 1H and 3FH by software.
Note that BUR is a write-only register.
The 6-bit counter is cleared and starts the counting by writing signal at BUR register. It is incremental from 00H until
it matches 6-bit BUR value.
When main-frequency is 4MHz, buzzer frequency is
shown as below table.
BUR
[5:0]
64
BUR[7:6]
00
01
10
11
BUR
[5:0]
BUR[7:6]
00
01
10
11
00
01
02
03
04
05
06
07
250.000
125.000
83.333
62.500
50.000
41.667
35.714
31.250
125.000
62.500
41.667
31.250
25.000
20.833
17.857
15.625
62.500
31.250
20.833
15.625
12.500
10.417
8.929
7.813
31.250
15.625
10.417
7.813
6.250
5.208
4.464
3.906
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
7.576
7.353
7.143
6.944
6.757
6.579
6.410
6.250
3.788
3.676
3.571
3.472
3.378
3.289
3.205
3.125
1.894
1.838
1.786
1.736
1.689
1.645
1.603
1.563
0.947
0.919
0.893
0.868
0.845
0.822
0.801
0.781
08
09
0A
0B
0C
0D
0E
0F
27.778
25.000
22.727
20.833
19.231
17.857
16.667
15.625
13.889
12.500
11.364
10.417
9.615
8.929
8.333
7.813
6.944
6.250
5.682
5.208
4.808
4.464
4.167
3.906
3.472
3.125
2.841
2.604
2.404
2.232
2.083
1.953
28
29
2A
2B
2C
2D
2E
2F
6.098
5.952
5.814
5.682
5.556
5.435
5.319
5.208
3.049
2.976
2.907
2.841
2.778
2.717
2.660
2.604
1.524
1.488
1.453
1.420
1.389
1.359
1.330
1.302
0.762
0.744
0.727
0.710
0.694
0.679
0.665
0.651
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
14.706
13.889
13.158
12.500
11.905
11.364
10.870
10.417
7.353
6.944
6.579
6.250
5.952
5.682
5.435
5.208
3.676
3.472
3.289
3.125
2.976
2.841
2.717
2.604
1.838
1.736
1.645
1.563
1.488
1.420
1.359
1.302
30
31
32
33
34
35
36
37
5.102
5.000
4.902
4.808
4.717
4.630
4.545
4.464
2.551
2.500
2.451
2.404
2.358
2.315
2.273
2.232
1.276
1.250
1.225
1.202
1.179
1.157
1.136
1.116
0.638
0.625
0.613
0.601
0.590
0.579
0.568
0.558
18
19
1A
1B
1C
1D
1E
1F
10.000
9.615
9.259
8.929
8.621
8.333
8.065
7.813
5.000
4.808
4.630
4.464
4.310
4.167
4.032
3.906
2.500
2.404
2.315
2.232
2.155
2.083
2.016
1.953
1.250
1.202
1.157
1.116
1.078
1.042
1.008
0.977
38
39
3A
3B
3C
3D
3E
3F
4.386
4.310
4.237
4.167
4.098
4.032
3.968
3.907
2.193
2.155
2.119
2.083
2.049
2.016
1.984
1.953
1.096
1.078
1.059
1.042
1.025
1.008
0.992
0.977
0.548
0.539
0.530
0.521
0.512
0.504
0.496
0.488
JUNE. 2001 Ver 1.00
GMS81C2112/GMS81C2120
16. INTERRUPTS
register (IENH, IENL), and the interrupt request flags (in
IRQH and IRQL) except Power-on reset and software
BRK interrupt. Below table shows the Interrupt priority.
The GMS81C21xx interrupt circuits consist of Interrupt
enable register (IENH, IENL), Interrupt request flags of
IRQH, IRQL, Priority circuit, and Master enable flag (“I”
flag of PSW). Nine interrupt sources are provided. The
configuration of interrupt circuit is shown in Figure 16-2.
The External Interrupts INT0 and INT1 each can be transition-activated (1-to-0 or 0-to-1 transition) by selection
IEDS.
The flags that actually generate these interrupts are bit
INT0F and INT1F in register IRQH. When an external interrupt is generated, the flag that generated it is cleared by
the hardware when the service routine is vectored to only
if the interrupt was transition-activated.
The Timer 0 ~ Timer 1 Interrupts are generated by TxIF
which is set by a match in their respective timer/counter
register. The Basic Interval Timer Interrupt is generated by
BITIF which is set by an overflow in the timer register.
The AD converter Interrupt is generated by ADIF which is
set by finishing the analog to digital conversion.
The Watchdog timer Interrupt is generated by WDTIF
which set by a match in Watchdog timer register.
The Basic Interval Timer Interrupt is generated by BITIF
which are set by a overflow in the timer counter register.
R/W
R/W
INT0IF INT1IF
Symbol
Priority
Hardware Reset
External Interrupt 0
External Interrupt 1
Timer/Counter 0
Timer/Counter 1
ADC Interrupt
Watchdog Timer
Basic Interval Timer
Serial Communication
RESET
INT0
INT1
TIMER0
TIMER1
ADC
WDT
BIT
SCI
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
Vector addresses are shown in Figure 8-6 on page 23. Interrupt enable registers are shown in Figure 16-3. These
registers are composed of interrupt enable flags of each interrupt source and these flags determines whether an interrupt will be accepted or not. When enable flag is “0”, a
corresponding interrupt source is prohibited. Note that
PSW contains also a master enable bit, I-flag, which disables all interrupts at once.
The interrupts are controlled by the interrupt master enable
flag I-flag (bit 2 of PSW on page 21), the interrupt enable
IRQH
Reset/Interrupt
R/W
R/W
-
-
-
-
T0IF
T1IF
-
-
-
-
ADDRESS: 0E4H
INITIAL VALUE: 0000 ----B
LSB
MSB
Timer/Counter 1 interrupt request flag
Timer/Counter 0 interrupt request flag
External interrupt 1 request flag
External interrupt 0 request flag
R/W
IRQL
ADIF
MSB
R/W
R/W
-
-
-
-
WDTIF BITIF
SPIF
-
-
-
-
R/W
ADDRESS: 0E5H
INITIAL VALUE: 0000 ----B
LSB
Serial Communication interrupt request flag
Basic Interval imer interrupt request flag
Watchdog timer interrupt request flag
A/D Conver interrupt request flag
Figure 16-1 Interrupt Request Flag
JUNE. 2001 Ver 1.00
65
GMS81C2112/GMS81C2120
.
Internal bus line
[0E2H]
Interrupt Enable
Register (Higher byte)
IENH
IRQH
[0E4H]
INT0
INT0IF
INT1
INT1IF
Timer 0
T0IF
Timer 1
T1IF
I-flag is in PSW, it is cleared by "DI", set by
"EI" instruction. When it goes interrupt service,
I-flag is cleared by hardware, thus any other
interrupt are inhibited. When interrupt service is
completed by "RETI" instruction, I-flag is set to
"1" by hardware.
Priority Control
Release STOP
To CPU
I-flag
Interrupt Master
Enable Flag
IRQL
[0E5H]
A/D Converter
ADIF
Watchdog Timer
Interrupt
Vector
Address
Generator
WDTIF
BIT
BITIF
Serial
Communication
SIOIF
[0E3H]
IENL
Interrupt Enable
Register (Lower byte)
Internal bus line
Figure 16-2 Block Diagram of Interrupt
IENH
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
-
-
-
-
INT0E
INT1E
T0E
T1E
-
-
-
-
MSB
ADDRESS: 0E2H
INITIAL VALUE: 0000 ----B
LSB
Timer/Counter 1 interrupt enable flag
Timer/Counter 0 interrupt enable flag
External interrupt 1 enable flag
External interrupt 0 enable flag
IENL
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
-
-
-
-
ADE
WDTE
BITE
SPIE
-
-
-
-
MSB
VALUE
0: Disable
1: Enable
ADDRESS: 0E3H
INITIAL VALUE: 0000 ----B
LSB
Serial Communication interrupt enable flag
Basic Interval imer interrupt enable flag
Watchdog timer interrupt enable flag
A/D Convert interrupt enable flag
Figure 16-3 Interrupt Enable Flag
66
JUNE. 2001 Ver 1.00
GMS81C2112/GMS81C2120
16.1 Interrupt Sequence
An interrupt request is held until the interrupt is accepted
or the interrupt latch is cleared to “0” by a reset or an instruction. Interrupt acceptance sequence requires 8 fXIN (2
µs at fMAIN=4.19MHz) after the completion of the current
instruction execution. The interrupt service task is terminated upon execution of an interrupt return instruction
[RETI].
Interrupt acceptance
1. The interrupt master enable flag (I-flag) is cleared to
“0” to temporarily disable the acceptance of any following maskable interrupts. When a non-maskable interrupt is accepted, the acceptance of any following
interrupts is temporarily disabled.
2. Interrupt request flag for the interrupt source accepted is
cleared to “0”.
3. The contents of the program counter (return address)
and the program status word are saved (pushed) onto the
stack area. The stack pointer decreases 3 times.
4. The entry address of the interrupt service program is
read from the vector table address and the entry address
is loaded to the program counter.
5. The instruction stored at the entry address of the interrupt service program is executed.
System clock
Instruction Fetch
SP
Address Bus
PC
Data Bus
Not used
SP-1
PCH
PCL
SP-2
PSW
V.L.
V.L.
ADL
V.H.
ADH
New PC
OP code
Internal Read
Internal Write
Interrupt Processing Step
Interrupt Service Task
V.L. and V.H. are vector addresses.
ADL and ADH are start addresses of interrupt service routine as vector contents.
Figure 16-4 Timing chart of Interrupt Acceptance and Interrupt Return Instruction
Basic Interval Timer
Vector Table Address
0FFE6H
0FFE7H
012H
0E3H
Entry Address
0E312H
0E313H
When nested interrupt service is required, the I-flag should
be set to “1” by “EI” instruction in the interrupt service
program. In this case, acceptable interrupt sources are selectively enabled by the individual interrupt enable flags.
0EH
2EH
Saving/Restoring General-purpose Register
Correspondence between vector table address for BIT interrupt
and the entry address of the interrupt service program.
A interrupt request is not accepted until the I-flag is set to
“1” even if a requested interrupt has higher priority than
that of the current interrupt being serviced.
JUNE. 2001 Ver 1.00
During interrupt acceptance processing, the program
counter and the program status word are automatically
saved on the stack, but accumulator and other registers are
not saved itself. These registers are saved by the software
if necessary. Also, when multiple interrupt services are
nested, it is necessary to avoid using the same data memory
67
GMS81C2112/GMS81C2120
area for saving registers.
16.2 BRK Interrupt
The following method is used to save/restore the generalpurpose registers.
Software interrupt can be invoked by BRK instruction,
which has the lowest priority order.
Example: Register save using push and pop instructions
Interrupt vector address of BRK is shared with the vector
of TCALL 0 (Refer to Program Memory Section). When
BRK interrupt is generated, B-flag of PSW is set to distinguish BRK from TCALL 0.
INTxx:
PUSH
PUSH
PUSH
A
X
Y
;SAVE ACC.
;SAVE X REG.
;SAVE Y REG.
Each processing step is determined by B-flag as shown in
Figure 16-5.
interrupt processing
POP
POP
POP
RETI
Y
X
A
;RESTORE Y REG.
;RESTORE X REG.
;RESTORE ACC.
;RETURN
=0
General-purpose register save/restore using push and pop
instructions;
main task
acceptance of
interrupt
B-FLAG
BRK or
TCALL0
=1
BRK
INTERRUPT
ROUTINE
TCALL0
ROUTINE
RETI
RET
interrupt
service task
saving
registers
restoring
registers
Figure 16-5 Execution of BRK/TCALL0
interrupt return
68
JUNE. 2001 Ver 1.00
GMS81C2112/GMS81C2120
16.3 Multi Interrupt
If two requests of different priority levels are received simultaneously, the request of higher priority level is serviced. If requests of the interrupt are received at the same
time simultaneously, an internal polling sequence determines by hardware which request is serviced.
Example: During Timer1 interrupt is in progress, INT0 interrupt serviced without any suspend.
Main Program
service
TIMER 1
service
enable INT0
disable other
INT0
service
EI
Occur
TIMER1 interrupt
However, multiple processing through software for special
features is possible. Generally when an interrupt is accepted, the I-flag is cleared to disable any further interrupt. But
as user sets I-flag in interrupt routine, some further interrupt can be serviced even if certain interrupt is in progress.
Occur
INT0
enable INT0
enable other
TIMER1: PUSH
PUSH
PUSH
LDM
LDM
EI
:
:
:
:
:
:
LDM
LDM
POP
POP
POP
RETI
A
X
Y
IENH,#80H
IENL,#0
;Enable INT0 only
;Disable other
;Enable Interrupt
IENH,#0F0H ;Enable all interrupts
IENL,#0F0H
Y
X
A
In this example, the INT0 interrupt can be serviced without any
pending, even TIMER1 is in progress.
Because of re-setting the interrupt enable registers IENH,IENL
and master enable "EI" in the TIMER1 routine.
Figure 16-6 Execution of Multi Interrupt
JUNE. 2001 Ver 1.00
69
GMS81C2112/GMS81C2120
16.4 External Interrupt
The external interrupt on INT0 and INT1 pins are edge
triggered depending on the edge selection register IEDS
(address 0F8H) as shown in Figure 16-7.
The edge detection of external interrupt has three transition
activated mode: rising edge, falling edge, and both edge.
INT1 pin
INT1IF
INT1 INTERRUPT
INT0 pin
Example: To use as an INT0 and INT1
:
:
;**** Set port as an input port R00,R01
LDM
R0IO,#1111_1100B
;
;**** Set port as an interrupt port
LDM
R0FUNC,#0000_0011B
;
;**** Set Falling-edge Detection
LDM
IEDS,#0000_0101B
:
:
:
INT0IF
Response Time
INT0 INTERRUPT
2
IEDS
2
Edge selection
Register
[0E6H]
Figure 16-7 External Interrupt Block Diagram
INT0 and INT1 are multiplexed with general I/O ports
(R00 and R01). To use as an external interrupt pin, the bit
of R4 port mode register R0FUNC should be set to “1” correspondingly.
max. 12 fXIN
Interrupt Interrupt
goes
latched
active
The INT0 and INT1 edge are latched into INT0IF and
INT1IF at every machine cycle. The values are not actually
polled by the circuitry until the next machine cycle. If a request is active and conditions are right for it to be acknowledged, a hardware subroutine call to the requested service
routine will be the next instruction to be executed. The
DIV itself takes twelve cycles. Thus, a minimum of twelve
complete machine cycles elapse between activation of an
external interrupt request and the beginning of execution
of the first instruction of the service routine.
Figure 16-8shows interrupt response timings.
8 fXIN
Interrupt
processing
Interrupt
routine
Figure 16-8 Interrupt Response Timing Diagram
70
JUNE. 2001 Ver 1.00
GMS81C2112/GMS81C2120
W
W
W
W
-
-
-
-
R0FUNC
W
W
BUZO
BTCL EC0
W
W
INT1
INT0
MSB
ADDRESS: 0F4H
INITIAL VALUE: ---- 0000B
LSB
0: R00
1: INT0
0: R01
1: INT1
0: R02
1: EC0
0: R03
1: BUZO
MSB
R/W
IEDS
-
-
-
-
R/W
R/W
LSB
R/W
BTCL IED1L IED0H IED0L
IED1H
INT1
ADDRESS: 0E6H
INITIAL VALUE: ---- 0000B
INT0
Edge selection register
00: Reserved
01: Falling (1-to-0 transition)
10: Rising (0-to-1 transition)
11: Both (Rising & Falling)
Figure 16-9 R0FUNC and IEDS Registers
JUNE. 2001 Ver 1.00
71
GMS81C2112/GMS81C2120
17. Power Saving Mode
For applications where power consumption is a critical
factor, device provides four kinds of power saving functions, STOP mode, Sub-active mode and Wake-up Timer
mode (Stand-by mode, Watch mode). Table 17-1 shows
the status of each Power Saving Mode.
Peripheral
STOP Mode
Wake-up Timer
Mode
The power saving function is activated by execution of
STOP instruction and by execution of STOP instruction after setting the corresponding status (WAKEUP) of
CKCTLR. We shows the release sources from each Power
Saving Mode
Release Source
STOP Mode
Stand-by Mode
Wake-up Timer
Mode
Stand-by Mode
RAM
Retain
Retain
RESET
O
O
Control Registers
Retain
Retain
RCWDT
O
O
I/O Ports
Retain
Retain
EXT.INT0
CPU
Stop
Stop
EXT.INT1
O
O
Timer0
Stop
Operation
Timer0
X
O
Oscillation
Stop
Oscillation
Prescaler
Stop
÷ 2048 only
Entering Condition
[WAKEUP]
0
1
Table 17-2 Release Sources from Power Saving Mode
Table 17-1 Power Saving Mode
72
JUNE. 2001 Ver 1.00
GMS81C2112/GMS81C2120
17.1 Operating Mode
fXI
: Main clock frequency
fSYS : fXI,fXI÷4,fXI÷8,fXI÷32
cpu : system clock
tmr : timer0 clock
peri : peripheral clock
CKCTLR = CKCTLR[6:5]
STANDBY Mode
ACTIVE Mode
CKCTLR[10]
+
STOP
fXI : oscillation
cpu : stop
tmr : ps11(fXI)
peri : stop
fXI : oscillation
cpu : fSYS
tmr : fSYS
peri : fSYS
TIMER0
EXT_INT
RESET
RC_WDT
CKCTLR[00]
+
STOP
EXT_INT
RESET
RC_WDT
STOP Mode
fXI : stop
cpu : stop
tmr : stop
peri : stop
System Clock Mode Register
SCMR
CS[1:0]
-
-
-
CS1
CS0
-
-
-
ADDRESS : FAH
RESET VALUE : ---00---
Clock selection enable bits
00 : fXI
10 : fXI ÷ 8
01 : fXI ÷ 4
JUNE. 2001 Ver 1.00
11 : fXI ÷ 32
73
GMS81C2112/GMS81C2120
17.2 Stop Mode
In the Stop mode, the on-chip oscillator is stopped. With
the clock frozen, all functions are stopped, but the on-chip
RAM and Control registers are held. The port pins out the
values held by their respective port data register, port direction registers. Oscillator stops and the systems internal
operations are all held up.
• The states of the RAM, registers, and latches valid
immediately before the system is put in the STOP
state are all held.
• The program counter stop the address of the
instruction to be executed after the instruction
"STOP" which starts the STOP operating mode.
The Stop mode is activated by execution of STOP instruction after clearing the bit WAKEUP of CKCTLR
to “0”. (This register should be written by byte operation. If this register is set by bit manipulation instruction, for example "set1" or "clr1" instruction, it may
be undesired operation)
In the Stop mode of operation, VDD can be reduced to minimize power consumption. Care must be taken, however,
to ensure that VDD is not reduced before the Stop mode is
invoked, and that VDD is restored to its normal operating
level, before the Stop mode is terminated.
Release the STOP mode
The exit from STOP mode is hardware reset or external interrupt. Reset re-defines all the Control registers but does
not change the on-chip RAM. External interrupts allow
both on-chip RAM and Control registers to retain their values.
If I-flag = 1, the normal interrupt response takes place. If Iflag = 0, the chip will resume execution starting with the
instruction following the STOP instruction. It will not vector to interrupt service routine. (refer to Figure 17-1)
When exit from Stop mode by external interrupt, enough
oscillation stabilization time is required to normal operation. Figure 17-2 shows the timing diagram. When release
the Stop mode, the Basic interval timer is activated on
wake-up. It is increased from 00H until FFH. The count
overflow is set to start normal operation. Therefore, before
STOP instruction, user must be set its relevant prescaler divide ratio to have long enough time (more than 20msec).
This guarantees that oscillator has started and stabilized.
By reset, exit from Stop mode is shown in Figure .
STOP
INSTRUCTION
STOP Mode
The reset should not be activated before VDD is restored to
its normal operating level, and must be held active long
enough to allow the oscillator to restart and stabilize.
Note: After STOP instruction, at least two or more NOP instruction should be written
Ex)
LDM CKCTLR,#0000_1110B
STOP
NOP
NOP
Interrupt Request
Corresponding Interrupt
Enable Bit (IENH, IENL)
=1
STOP Mode Release
Master Interrupt
Enable Bit PSW[2]
In the STOP operation, the dissipation of the power associated with the oscillator and the internal hardware is lowered; however, the power dissipation associated with the
pin interface (depending on the external circuitry and program) is not directly determined by the hardware operation
of the STOP feature. This point should be little current
flows when the input level is stable at the power voltage
level (VDD/VSS); however, when the input level gets higher than the power voltage level (by approximately 0.3 to
0.5V), a current begins to flow. Therefore, if cutting off the
output transistor at an I/O port puts the pin signal into the
high-impedance state, a current flow across the ports input
transistor, requiring to fix the level by pull-up or other
means.
74
=0
IEXX
I-FLAG
=0
=1
Interrupt Service Routine
Next
INSTRUCTION
Figure 17-1 STOP Releasing Flow by Interrupts
JUNE. 2001 Ver 1.00
GMS81C2112/GMS81C2120
.
~ ~
~
~
~
~
Oscillator
(XIN pin)
~
~
~
~
Internal Clock
~
~
STOP Instruction
Executed
n+1 n+2
n+3
0
1
~
~
~ ~
n
~ ~
~
~
BIT Counter
~
~
External Interrupt
FE
FF
0
1
2
Clear
Normal Operation
Stop Operation
tST > 20ms
by software
Normal Operation
Before executing Stop instruction, Basic Interval Timer must be set
properly by software to get stabilization time which is longer than 20ms.
Figure 17-2 STOP Mode Release Timing by External Interrupt
STOP Mode
~
~
~~
~ ~
~
~
Oscillator
(XI pin)
~
~
~ ~
~
~
Internal
Clock
RESETB
~
~
Internal
RESETB
~
~
STOP Instruction Execution
Time can not be control by software
Stabilization Time
tST = 64mS @4MHz
Figure 17-3 Timing of STOP Mode Release by RESET
17.3 Wake-up Timer Mode
In the Wake-up Timer mode, the on-chip oscillator is not
stopped. Except the Prescaler(only 2048 divided ratio) and
Timer0, all functions are stopped, but the on-chip RAM
and Control registers are held. The port pins out the values
held by their respective port data register, port direction
registers.
The Wake-up Timer mode is activated by execution of
STOP instruction after setting the bit WAKEUP of
CKCTLR to “1”. (This register should be written by
byte operation. If this register is set by bit manipulation
instruction, for example "set1" or "clr1" instruction, it
may be undesired operation)
struction should be written
Ex)
LDM TDR0,#0FFH
LDM TM0,#0001_1011B
LDM CKCTLR,#0100_1110B
STOP
NOP
NOP
In addition, the clock source of timer0 should be selected
to 2048 divided ratio. Otherwise, the wake-up function can
not work. And the timer0 can be operated as 16-bit timer
with timer1. (refer to timer function)The period of wakeup function is varied by setting the timer data register 0,
TDR0.
Note: After STOP instruction, at least two or more NOP in-
JUNE. 2001 Ver 1.00
75
GMS81C2112/GMS81C2120
Release the Wake-up Timer mode
The exit from Wake-up Timer mode is hardware reset,
Timer0 overflow or external interrupt. Reset re-defines all
the Control registers but does not change the on-chip
RAM. External interrupts and Timer0 overflow allow both
on-chip RAM and Control registers to retain their values.
If I-flag = 1, the normal interrupt response takes place. If I-
When exit from Wake-up Timer mode by external interrupt or timer0 overflow, the oscillation stabilization time is
not required to normal operation. Because this mode do not
stop the on-chip oscillator shown as Figure 17-4.
~
~
~
~ ~
~
Oscillator
(XI pin)
CPU
Clock
STOP Instruction
Execution
~
~
Interrupt
Request
flag = 0, the chip will resume execution starting with the
instruction following the STOP instruction. It will not vector to interrupt service routine.(refer to Figure 17-1)
Normal Operation
Wake-up Timer Mode
( stop the CPU clock )
Normal Operation
Do not need Stabilization Time
Figure 17-4 Wake-up Timer Mode Releasing by External Interrupt or Timer0 Interrupt
17.4 Internal RC-Oscillated Watchdog Timer Mode
In the Internal RC-Oscillated Watchdog Timer mode, the
on-chip oscillator is stopped. But internal RC oscillation
circuit is oscillated in this mode. The on-chip RAM and
Control registers are held. The port pins out the values held
by their respective port data register, port direction registers.
The Internal RC-Oscillated Watchdog Timer mode is
activated by execution of STOP instruction after setting the bit WAKEUP and RCWDT of CKCTLR to "
01 ". (This register should be written by byte operation.
If this register is set by bit manipulation instruction, for
example "set1" or "clr1" instruction, it may be undesired operation)
Note: Caution: After STOP instruction, at least two or more
NOP instruction should be written
LDM WDTR,#1111_1111B
Ex)
LDM CKCTLR,#0010_1110B
STOP
NOP
NOP
The exit from Internal RC-Oscillated Watchdog Timer
mode is hardware reset or external interrupt. Reset re-defines all the Control registers but does not change the onchip RAM. External interrupts allow both on-chip RAM
76
and Control registers to retain their values.
If I-flag = 1, the normal interrupt response takes place. In
this case, if the bit WDTON of CKCTLR is set to "0" and
the bit WDTE of IENH is set to "1", the device will execute
the watchdog timer interrupt service routine.(Figure 17-5)
However, if the bit WDTON of CKCTLR is set to "1", the
device will generate the internal RESET signal and execute the reset processing. (Figure 17-6)
If I-flag = 0, the chip will resume execution starting with
the instruction following the STOP instruction. It will not
vector to interrupt service routine.(refer to Figure 17-1)
When exit from Internal RC-Oscillated Watchdog Timer
mode by external interrupt, the oscillation stabilization
time is required to normal operation. Figure 17-5 shows
the timing diagram. When release the Internal RC-Oscillated Watchdog Timer mode, the basic interval timer is activated on wake-up. It is increased from 00H until FFH. The
count overflow is set to start normal operation. Therefore,
before STOP instruction, user must be set its relevant prescaler divide ratio to have long enough time (more than
20msec). This guarantees that oscillator has started and
stabilized.
By reset, exit from internal RC-Oscillated Watchdog Timer mode is shown in Figure 17-6.
JUNE. 2001 Ver 1.00
GMS81C2112/GMS81C2120
~
~
~
~
~
~
Oscillator
(XI pin)
Internal
RC Clock
~
~
~
~
Internal
Clock
~
~
External
Interrupt
( or WDT Interrupt )
~
~
Clear Basic Interval Timer
STOP Instruction Execution
~
~
BIT
Counter
N-2
N-1
N
N+1
N+2
00
01
FE
FF
00
00
~
~
Normal Operation
Stabilization Time
tST > 20mS
RCWDT Mode
Normal Operation
Figure 17-5 Internal RCWDT Mode Releasing by External Interrupt or WDT Interrupt
RCWDT Mode
~
~
~
~
~
~
Oscillator
(XI pin)
Internal
RC Clock
~
~
~
~
Internal
Clock
~
~
~
~
RESET
RESET by WDT
~
~
~
~
Internal
RESET
STOP Instruction Execution
Time can not be control by software
Stabilization Time
tST = 64mS @4MHz
Figure 17-6 Internal RCWDT Mode Releasing by RESET
17.5 Minimizing Current Consumption
The Stop mode is designed to reduce power consumption.
To minimize current drawn during Stop mode, the user
should turn-off output drivers that are sourcing or sinking
current, if it is practical.
Note: In the STOP operation, the power dissipation asso-
JUNE. 2001 Ver 1.00
ciated with the oscillator and the internal hardware is lowered; however, the power dissipation associated with the
pin interface (depending on the external circuitry and program) is not directly determined by the hardware operation
of the STOP feature. This point should be little current flows
when the input level is stable at the power voltage level
(VDD/VSS); however, when the input level becomes higher
77
GMS81C2112/GMS81C2120
than the power voltage level (by approximately 0.3V), a current begins to flow. Therefore, if cutting off the output transistor at an I/O port puts the pin signal into the highimpedance state, a current flow across the ports input transistor, requiring it to fix the level by pull-up or other means.
It should be set properly in order that current flow through
port doesn't exist.
First conseider the setting to input mode. Be sure that there
is no current flow after considering its relationship with
external circuit. In input mode, the pin impedance viewing
from external MCU is very high that the current doesn’t
flow.
But input voltage level should be VSS or VDD. Be careful
that if unspecified voltage, i.e. if unfirmed voltage level
(not VSSor VDD) is applied to input pin, there can be little
current (max. 1mA at around 2V) flow.
If it is not appropriate to set as an input mode, then set to
output mode considering there is no current flow. Setting
to High or Low is decided considering its relationship with
external circuit. For example, if there is external pull-up resistor then it is set to output mode, i.e. to High, and if there
is external pull-down register, it is set to low.
VDD
INPUT PIN
INPUT PIN
VDD
VDD
internal
pull-up
VDD
i=0
O
OPEN
O
i
i
GND
Very weak current flows
VDD
X
X
i=0
O
OPEN
Weak pull-up current flows
GND
O
When port is configured as an input, input level should
be closed to 0V or 5V to avoid power consumption.
Figure 17-7 Application Example of Unused Input Port
OUTPUT PIN
OUTPUT PIN
VDD
ON
OPEN
OFF
ON
OFF
OFF
i
VDD
GND
X
ON
O
ON
OFF
L
OFF
ON
i
GND
X
O
VDD
L
i=0
GND
O
In the left case, Tr. base current flows from port to GND.
To avoid power consumption, there should be low output
to the port .
In the left case, much current flows from port to GND.
Figure 17-8 Application Example of Unused Output Port
78
JUNE. 2001 Ver 1.00
GMS81C2112/GMS81C2120
18. OSCILLATOR CIRCUIT
The GMS81C21xx has an oscillation circuits internally.
XIN and XOUT are input and output for main frequency respectively, inverting amplifier which can be configured for
being used as an on-chip oscillator, as shown in Figure 181.
C1
XOUT
C2
4.19MHz
XIN
VSS
Recommend
Crystal Oscillator
C1,C2 = 20pF
Ceramic Resonator
C1,C2 = 30pF
Crystal or Ceramic Oscillator
Open
XOUT
XOUT
REXT
External Clock
XIN
XIN
External Oscillator
For selection R value,
Refer to AC Characteristics
RC Oscillator (mask option)
Figure 18-1 Oscillation Circuit
Oscillation circuit is designed to be used either with a ceramic resonator or crystal oscillator. Since each crystal and
ceramic resonator have their own characteristics, the user
should consult the crystal manufacturer for appropriate
values of external components.
Oscillation circuit is designed to be used either with a ceramic resonator or crystal oscillator. Since each crystal and
ceramic resonator have their own characteristics, the user
should consult the crystal manufacturer for appropriate
values of external components.
XOUT
XIN
In addition, see Figure 18-2 for the layout of the crystal.
Note: Minimize the wiring length. Do not allow the wiring to
intersect with other signal conductors. Do not allow the wiring to come near changing high current. Set the potential of
the grounding position of the oscillator capacitor to that of
VSS. Do not ground it to any ground pattern where high current is present. Do not fetch signals from the oscillator.
JUNE. 2001 Ver 1.00
Figure 18-2 Layout of Oscillator PCB circuit
79
GMS81C2112/GMS81C2120
19. RESET
The GMS81C21xx have two types of reset generation procedures; one is an external reset input, the other is a watchOn-chip Hardware
Program counter
RAM page register
G-flag
Initial Value
dog timer reset. Table 19-1 shows on-chip hardware initialization by reset action.
On-chip Hardware
Initial Value
(FFFFH) - (FFFEH)
Peripheral clock
Off
(RPR)
0
Watchdog timer
Disable
(G)
0
Control registers
Refer to Table 8-1 on page 27
(PC)
Operation mode
Main-frequency clock
Power fail detector
Disable
Table 19-1 Initializing Internal Status by Reset Action
19.1 External Reset Input
The reset input is the RESET pin, which is the input to a
Schmitt Trigger. A reset in accomplished by holding the
RESET pin low for at least 8 oscillator periods, within the
operating voltage range and oscillation stable, it is applied,
and the internal state is initialized. After reset, 64ms (at 4
MHz) add with 7 oscillator periods are required to start execution as shown in Figure 19-2.
A connection for simple power-on-reset is shown in Figure
19-1.
VCC
10kΩ
Internal RAM is not affected by reset. When VDD is turned
on, the RAM content is indeterminate. Therefore, this
RAM should be initialized before read or tested it.
+
10uF
When the RESET pin input goes to high, the reset operation is released and the program execution starts at the vector address stored at addresses FFFEH - FFFFH.
Figure 19-1 Simple Power-on-Reset Circuit
1
3
?
?
4
5
6
7
~
~
RESET
~
~
?
?
FFFE FFFF Start
~
~ ~
~
?
?
?
?
FE
ADL
ADH
OP
~
~
DATA
BUS
2
~
~
Oscillator
(XIN pin)
ADDRESS
BUS
to the RESET pin
7036P
Stabilization Time
tST = 62.5mS at 4.19MHz
RESET Process Step
tST =
1
fMAIN ÷1024
MAIN PROGRAM
x 256
Figure 19-2 Timing Diagram after RESET
19.2 Watchdog Timer Reset
Refer to “11. WATCHDOG TIMER” on page 39.
80
JUNE. 2001 Ver 1.00
GMS81C2112/GMS81C2120
20. POWER FAIL PROCESSOR
The GMS81C21xx has an on-chip power fail detection circuitry to immunize against power noise. A configuration
register, PFDR, can enable or disable the power fail detect
circuitry. Whenever VDD falls close to or below power fail
voltage for 100ns, the power fail situation may reset or
freeze MCU according to PFDM bit of PFDR. Refer to
“7.4 DC Electrical Characteristics for Standard Pins(5V)”
on page 14.
Note: If power fail voltage is selected to 3.0V on 3V operation, MCU is freezed at all the times.
In the in-circuit emulator, power fail function is not implemented and user can not experiment with it. Therefore, after final development of user program, this function may
be experimented or evaluated.
Note: User can select power fail voltage level according to
PFD0, PFD1 bit of CONFIG register(703FH) at the OTP
(GMS87C21xx) but must select the power fail voltage level
to define PFD option of “Mask Order & Verification Sheet”
at the mask chip(GMS81C21xx).
Because the power fail voltage level of mask chip
(GMS81C21xx) is determined according to mask option.
7
PFDR
6
5
4
3
Power FailFunction
OTP
MASK
Enable/Disable
PFDIS flag
PFDIS flag
Level Selection
PFS0 bit
PFS1 bit
Mask option
Table 20-1 Power fail processor
.
R/W
2
R/W R/W
1
0
PFDIS PFDM PFS
ADDRESS: 0EFH
INITIAL VALUE: ---- -100B
Power Fail Status
0: Normal operate
1: Set to “1” if power fail is detected
Operation Mode
0 : Normal operation regardless of power fail
1 : MCU will be reset by power fail detection
Disable Flag
0: Power fail detection enable
1: Power fail detection disable
Figure 20-1 Power Fail Voltage Detector Register
JUNE. 2001 Ver 1.00
81
GMS81C2112/GMS81C2120
RESET VECTOR
YES
PFS =1
NO
RAM CLEAR
INITIALIZE RAM DATA
PFS = 0
Skip the
initial routine
INITIALIZE ALL PORTS
INITIALIZE REGISTERS
FUNTION
EXECUTION
Figure 20-2 Example S/W of RESET flow by Power fail
VDD
VPFDMAX
VPFDMIN
64mS
Internal
RESET
VDD
When PFR = 1
Internal
RESET
64mS
t <64mS
VDD
Internal
RESET
VPFDMAX
VPFDMIN
64mS
VPFDMAX
VPFDMIN
Figure 20-3 Power Fail Processor Situations
82
JUNE. 2001 Ver 1.00
GMS81C2112/GMS81C2120
21. OTP PROGRAMMING
21.1 DEVICE CONFIGURATION AREA
as Customer ID recording locations where the user can
store check-sum or other customer identification numbers.
This area is not accessible during normal execution but is
readable and writable during program / verify.
The Device Configuration Area can be programmed or left
unprogrammed to select device configuration such as security bit.
Sixteen memory locations (7030H ~ 703FH) are designated
7030H
ID
7030H
ID
7031H
ID
7032H
ID
7033H
ID
7034H
ID
7035H
ID
7036H
ID
7037H
ID
7038H
ID
7039H
ID
703AH
ID
703BH
ID
703CH
ID
703DH
ID
703EH
CONFIG
703FH
DEVICE
CONFIGURATION
AREA
703FH
7
CONFIG
6
5
4
PFS1 PFS0
3
2
LOCK
1
0
RCO
ADDRESS: 703FH
INITIAL VALUE: --00 -0-0B
External RC OSC Selection
0: Crystal or Resonator Oscillator
1: External RC Oscillator
Code Protect
0 : Allow Code Read Out
1 : Lock Code Read Out
PFD Level Selection
00: PFD = 2.7V
01: PFD = 2.7V
10: PFD = 3.0V
11: PFD = 2.4V
Figure 21-1 Device Configuration Area
JUNE. 2001 Ver 1.00
83
GMS81C2112/GMS81C2120
42PDIP
RA
R53
R54
R55
R56
R57
RESET
XI
XO
VSS
AVSS
R60
R61
R62
R63
R64
R65
R66
R67
AVDD
VDD
CTL3
CTL2
CTL1
CTL0
VPP
EPROM Enable
VSS
A_D0
A_D1
A_D2
A_D3
A_D4
A_D5
A_D6
A_D7
VDD
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
42
41
40
39
38
37
36
35
34
33
32
31
30
29
28
27
26
25
24
23
22
R34
R33
R32
R31
R30
R27
R26
R25
R24
R23
R22
R21
R20
R07
R06
R05
R04
R03
R02
R01
R00
Figure 21-2 Pin Assignment t
User Mode
EPROM MODE
Pin No.
Pin Name
Pin Name
Description
2
R53
CTL3
Read/Write Control
3
R54
CTL2
Address/Data Control
4
R55
CTL1
Write Control 1
5
R56
CTL0
Write Control 0
7
RESETB
VPP
Programming Power (0V, 12.75V)
8
XI
EPROM Enable
High Active, Latch Address in falling edge
9
XO
NC
No connection
10
VSS
VSS
Connect to VSS (0V)
12
R60
A_D0
A8
A0
D0
13
R61
A_D1
A9
A1
D1
14
R62
A_D2
A10
A2
D2
15
R63
A_D3
A11
A3
D3
16
R64
A_D4
A12
A4
D4
17
R65
A_D5
A13
A5
D5
18
R66
A_D6
A14
A6
D6
19
R67
A_D7
A15
A7
D7
21
VDD
VDD
Address Input
Data Input/Output
Address Input
Data Input/Output
Connect to VDD (6.0V)
Table 21-1 Pin Description in EPROM Mode (GMS81C2120)
84
JUNE. 2001 Ver 1.00
GMS81C2112/GMS81C2120
TSET1
THLD1
TDLY1
THLD2
TDLY2
~
~
VIHP
~
~
TVPPS
~
~
~
~
EPROM
Enable
VPP
TVDDS
CTL3
0V
VDD1H
HA
LA
DATA IN
TCD1
LA
DATA IN
~
~
~~
DATA
OUT
~
~
~
~
A_D7~
A_D0
VDD
TCD1
TCD1
~
~
0V
VDD1H
TCD1
~
~
CTL2
~
~ ~
~
0V
~ ~
~
~
CTL0/1
TVPPR
DATA
OUT
VDD1H
High 8bit
Address
Input
Low 8bit
Address
Input
Write Mode
Verify
Low 8bit
Address
Input
Write Mode
Verify
Figure 21-3 Timing Diagram in Program (Write & Verify) Mode
JUNE. 2001 Ver 1.00
85
GMS81C2112/GMS81C2120
After input a high address,
output data following low address input
TSET1
THLD1
TDLY1
THLD2
Anothe high address step
TDLY2
EPROM
Enable
TVPPS
VIHP
VPP
TVDDS
CTL0/1
0V
TVPPR
VDD2H
CTL2
0V
CTL3
0V
TCD2
VDD2H
TCD1
A_D7~
A_D0
VDD
TCD2
TCD1
HA
LA
DATA
LA
DATA
HA
LA
DATA
High 8bit
Address
Input
Low 8bit
Address
Input
DATA
Output
Low 8bit
Address
Input
DATA
Output
High 8bit
Address
Input
Low 8bit
Address
Input
DATA
Output
VDD2H
Figure 21-4 Timing Diagram in READ Mode
Parameter
Symbol
MIN
TYP
MAX
Unit
Programming Supply Current
IVPP
-
-
50
mA
Supply Current in EPROM Mode
IVDDP
-
-
20
mA
VPP Level during Programming
VIHP
11.5
12.0
12.5
V
VDD Level in Program Mode
VDD1H
5
6
6.5
V
VDD Level in Read Mode
VDD2H
-
2.7
-
V
CTL3~0 High Level in EPROM Mode
VIHC
0.8VDD
-
-
V
CTL3~0 Low Level in EPROM Mode
VILC
-
-
0.2VDD
V
A_D7~A_D0 High Level in EPROM Mode
VIHAD
0.9VDD
-
-
V
A_D7~A_D0 Low Level in EPROM Mode
VILAD
-
-
0.1VDD
V
VDD Saturation Time
TVDDS
1
-
-
mS
VPP Setup Time
TVPPR
-
-
1
mS
VPP Saturation Time
TVPPS
1
-
-
mS
EPROM Enable Setup Time after Data Input
TSET1
200
nS
EPROM Enable Hold Time after TSET1
THLD1
500
nS
Table 21-2 AC/DC Requirements for Program/Read Mode
86
JUNE. 2001 Ver 1.00
GMS81C2112/GMS81C2120
EPROM Enable Delay Time after THLD1
TDLY1
200
nS
EPROM Enable Hold Time in Write Mode
THLD2
100
nS
EPROM Enable Delay Time after THLD2
TDLY2
200
nS
CTL2,1 Setup Time after Low Address input and Data input
TCD1
100
nS
CTL1 Setup Time before Data output in Read and Verify Mode
TCD2
100
nS
Table 21-2 AC/DC Requirements for Program/Read Mode
START
Set VDD=VDD1H
Report
Programming failure
Set VPP=VIHP
VDD=6V & 2.7V
Verify
FAIL
Verify blank
Report
Verify failure
Verify of all address
FAIL
PASS
PASS
Report
Programming OK
First Address Location
Next address location
VPP=0V
N=1
VDD=0V
N=N+1
YES
EPROM Write
100uS program time
N END
NO
FAIL
Verify
PASS
Apply 3x program cycle
NO
Last address
?
YES
Figure 21-5 Programming Flow Chart
JUNE. 2001 Ver 1.00
87
GMS81C2112/GMS81C2120
88
JUNE. 2001 Ver 1.00
APPENDIX
GMS800 Series
A. CONTROL REGISTER LIST
Address
Register Name
Symbol
R/W
Initial Value
Page
7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0
00C0
R0 port data register
R0
R/W
Undefined
34
00C1
R0 port I/O direction register
R0IO
W
00000000
34
00C4
R2 port data register
R2
R/W
Undefined
35
00C5
R2 port I/O direction register
R2IO
W
00000000
35
00C6
R3 port data register
R3
R/W
Undefined
35
00C7
R3 port I/O direction register
R3IO
W
- - - 00000
35
00CA
R5 port data register
R5
R/W
Undefined
35
00CB
R5 port I/O direction register
R5IO
W
00000 - - -
35
00CC
R6 port data register
R6
R/W
Undefined
35
00CD
R6 port I/O direction register
R6IO
W
00000000
35
00D0
Timer mode register 0
TM0
R/W
- - 000000
44
T0
R
00000000
48
Timer 0 data register
TDR0
W
11111111
44
Capture 0 data register
CDR0
R
00000000
50
Timer mode register 1
TM1
R/W
00000000
44
Timer 1 data register
TDR1
W
11111111
44
T1PPR
W
11111111
54
T1
R
00000000
48
PWM 1 duty register
T1PDR
R/W
00000000
54
Capture 1 data register
CDR1
R
00000000
50
Timer 0 register
00D1
00D2
00D3
PWM 1 period register
Timer 1 register
00D4
00D5
PWM 1 High register
PWM1HR
W
- - - - 0000
54
00DE
Buzzer driver register
BUR
W
11111111
63
00E0
Serial I/O mode register
SIOM
R/W
00000001
60
00E1
Serial I/O data register
SIOR
R/W
Undefined
60
00E2
Interrupt enable register high
IENH
R/W
0000 - - - -
66
00E3
Interrupt enable register low
IENL
R/W
0000 - - - -
66
00E4
Interrupt request flag register high
IRQH
R/W
0000 - - - -
65
00E5
Interrupt request flag register low
IRQL
R/W
0000 - - - -
65
00E6
External interrupt edge selection register
IEDS
R/W
- - - - 0000
71
00EA
A/D converter mode register
ADCM
R/W
- 0000001
56
00EB
A/D converter data register
ADCR
R
Undefined
56
BITR
R
00000000
38
CKCTLR
W
- 0010111
38
Watchdog Timer Register
WDTR
R
00000000
40
Watchdog Timer Register
WDTR
W
01111111
40
Power fail detection register
PFDR
R/W
- - - - - 100
81
00EC
00ED
00EF
JUNE. 2001
Basic interval timer mode register
Clock control register
i
GMS800 Series
Address
Register Name
Symbol
R/W
Initial Value
Page
7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0
ii
00F4
R0 Function selection register
R0FUNC
W
- - - - 0000
34
00F6
R5 Function selection register
R5FUNC
W
- 0 - - - - - -
35
00F7
R6 Function selection register
R6FUNC
W
00000000
35
00F9
R5 N-MOS open drain selection register
R5MPDR
W
00000 - - -
35
00FA
System clock mode register
SCMR
R/W
- - - 00 - - -
73
00FB
RA port data register
RA
R
Undefined
34
JUNE. 2001
GMS800 Series
B. INSTRUCTION
B.1 Terminology List
Terminology
Description
A
Accumulator
X
X - register
Y
Y - register
PSW
Program Status Word
#imm
8-bit Immediate data
dp
!abs
Direct Page Offset Address
Absolute Address
[]
Indirect expression
{}
Register Indirect expression
{ }+
Register Indirect expression, after that, Register auto-increment
.bit
Bit Position
A.bit
Bit Position of Accumulator
dp.bit
Bit Position of Direct Page Memory
M.bit
Bit Position of Memory Data (000H~0FFFH)
rel
upage
Relative Addressing Data
U-page (0FF00H~0FFFFH) Offset Address
n
Table CALL Number (0~15)
+
Addition
Upper Nibble Expression in Opcode
0
x
Bit Position
Upper Nibble Expression in Opcode
1
y
Bit Position
−
Subtraction
×
Multiplication
/
Division
()
Contents Expression
∧
AND
∨
OR
⊕
Exclusive OR
~
NOT
←
Assignment / Transfer / Shift Left
→
Shift Right
↔
Exchange
=
Equal
≠
Not Equal
JUNE. 2001
iii
GMS800 Series
B.2 Instruction Map
LOW 00000
HIGH
00
SET1
dp.bit
00010
02
00011
03
BBS
BBS
A.bit,rel dp.bit,rel
00100
04
00101
05
00110
06
00111
07
01000
08
01001
09
ADC
#imm
ADC
dp
ADC
dp+X
ADC
!abs
ASL
A
ASL
dp
01010
0A
01011
0B
01100
0C
01101
0D
01110
0E
01111
0F
TCALL SETA1
0
.bit
BIT
dp
POP
A
PUSH
A
BRK
000
-
001
CLRC
SBC
#imm
SBC
dp
SBC
dp+X
SBC
!abs
ROL
A
ROL
dp
TCALL CLRA1
2
.bit
COM
dp
POP
X
PUSH
X
BRA
rel
010
CLRG
CMP
#imm
CMP
dp
CMP
dp+X
CMP
!abs
LSR
A
LSR
dp
TCALL
4
NOT1
M.bit
TST
dp
POP
Y
PUSH
Y
PCALL
Upage
011
DI
OR
#imm
OR
dp
OR
dp+X
OR
!abs
ROR
A
ROR
dp
TCALL
6
OR1
OR1B
CMPX
dp
POP
PSW
PUSH
PSW
RET
100
CLRV
AND
#imm
AND
dp
AND
dp+X
AND
!abs
INC
A
INC
dp
TCALL AND1
8
AND1B
CMPY
dp
CBNE
dp+X
TXSP
INC
X
101
SETC
EOR
#imm
EOR
dp
EOR
dp+X
EOR
!abs
DEC
A
DEC
dp
TCALL EOR1
10
EOR1B
DBNE
dp
XMA
dp+X
TSPX
DEC
X
110
SETG
LDA
#imm
LDA
dp
LDA
dp+X
LDA
!abs
TXA
LDY
dp
TCALL
12
LDC
LDCB
LDX
dp
LDX
dp+Y
XCN
DAS
111
EI
LDM
dp,#imm
STA
dp
STA
dp+X
STA
!abs
TAX
STY
dp
TCALL
14
STC
M.bit
STX
dp
STX
dp+Y
XAX
STOP
10011
13
10100
14
10101
15
10110
16
10111
17
11000
18
11001
19
11010
1A
11011
1B
11100
1C
11101
1D
11110
1E
11111
1F
ADC
{X}
ADC
!abs+Y
ADC
[dp+X]
ADC
[dp]+Y
ASL
!abs
ASL
dp+X
TCALL
1
JMP
!abs
BIT
!abs
ADDW
dp
LDX
#imm
JMP
[!abs]
TEST
!abs
SUBW
dp
LDY
#imm
JMP
[dp]
TCLR1 CMPW
!abs
dp
CMPX
#imm
CALL
[dp]
LOW 10000
HIGH
iv
00001
01
10
10001
11
10010
12
000
BPL
rel
001
BVC
rel
SBC
{X}
SBC
!abs+Y
SBC
[dp+X]
SBC
[dp]+Y
ROL
!abs
ROL
dp+X
TCALL
3
CALL
!abs
010
BCC
rel
CMP
{X}
CMP
!abs+Y
CMP
[dp+X]
CMP
[dp]+Y
LSR
!abs
LSR
dp+X
TCALL
5
MUL
011
BNE
rel
OR
{X}
OR
!abs+Y
OR
[dp+X]
OR
[dp]+Y
ROR
!abs
ROR
dp+X
TCALL
7
DBNE
Y
CMPX
!abs
LDYA
dp
CMPY
#imm
RETI
100
BMI
rel
AND
{X}
AND
!abs+Y
AND
[dp+X]
AND
[dp]+Y
INC
!abs
INC
dp+X
TCALL
9
DIV
CMPY
!abs
INCW
dp
INC
Y
TAY
101
BVS
rel
EOR
{X}
EOR
!abs+Y
EOR
[dp+X]
EOR
[dp]+Y
DEC
!abs
DEC
dp+X
TCALL
11
XMA
{X}
XMA
dp
DECW
dp
DEC
Y
TYA
110
BCS
rel
LDA
{X}
LDA
!abs+Y
LDA
[dp+X]
LDA
[dp]+Y
LDY
!abs
LDY
dp+X
TCALL
13
LDA
{X}+
LDX
!abs
STYA
dp
XAY
DAA
111
BEQ
rel
STA
{X}
STA
!abs+Y
STA
[dp+X]
STA
[dp]+Y
STY
!abs
STY
dp+X
TCALL
15
STA
{X}+
STX
!abs
CBNE
dp
XYX
NOP
CLR1
BBC
BBC
dp.bit
A.bit,rel
dp.bit,rel
JUNE. 2001
GMS800 Series
B.3 Instruction Set
Arithmetic / Logic Operation
No.
Mnemonic
Op
Code
Byte
No
Cycle
No
Operation
1
ADC #imm
04
2
2
Add with carry.
2
ADC dp
05
2
3
A←(A)+(M)+C
3
ADC dp + X
06
2
4
4
ADC !abs
07
3
4
5
ADC !abs + Y
15
3
5
NV--H-ZC
6
ADC [ dp + X ]
16
2
6
7
ADC [ dp ] + Y
17
2
6
8
ADC { X }
14
1
3
9
AND #imm
84
2
2
Logical AND
10
AND dp
85
2
3
A← (A)∧(M)
11
AND dp + X
86
2
4
12
AND !abs
87
3
4
13
AND !abs + Y
95
3
5
14
AND [ dp + X ]
96
2
6
15
AND [ dp ] + Y
97
2
6
16
AND { X }
94
1
3
17
ASL A
08
1
2
18
ASL dp
09
2
4
19
ASL dp + X
19
2
5
20
ASL !abs
18
3
5
21
CMP #imm
44
2
2
22
CMP dp
45
2
3
23
CMP dp + X
46
2
4
24
CMP !abs
47
3
4
25
CMP !abs + Y
55
3
5
26
CMP [ dp + X ]
56
2
6
27
CMP [ dp ] + Y
57
2
6
28
CMP { X }
54
1
3
29
CMPX #imm
5E
2
2
30
CMPX dp
6C
2
3
31
CMPX !abs
7C
3
4
Flag
NVGBHIZC
N-----Z-
Arithmetic shift left
C
7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0
← ←←←←←←←←
N-----ZC
← “0”
Compare accumulator contents with memory contents
(A) -(M)
N-----ZC
Compare X contents with memory contents
(X)-(M)
N-----ZC
32
CMPY #imm
7E
2
2
33
CMPY dp
8C
2
3
Compare Y contents with memory contents
34
CMPY !abs
9C
3
4
35
COM dp
2C
2
4
1’S Complement : ( dp ) ← ~( dp )
N-----Z-
36
DAA
DF
1
3
Decimal adjust for addition
N-----ZC
37
DAS
CF
1
3
Decimal adjust for subtraction
N-----ZC
Decrement
N-----Z-
(Y)-(M)
N-----ZC
38
DEC A
A8
1
2
39
DEC dp
A9
2
4
40
DEC dp + X
B9
2
5
N-----Z-
41
DEC !abs
B8
3
5
N-----Z-
42
DEC X
AF
1
2
N-----Z-
43
DEC Y
BE
1
2
N-----Z-
JUNE. 2001
M← (M)-1
N-----Z-
v
GMS800 Series
No.
Op
Code
Byte
No
Cycle
No
Operation
44
DIV
9B
1
12
Divide : YA / X Q: A, R: Y
45
EOR #imm
A4
2
2
Exclusive OR
Flag
NVGBHIZC
NV--H-Z-
A← (A)⊕(M)
46
EOR dp
A5
2
3
47
EOR dp + X
A6
2
4
48
EOR !abs
A7
3
4
49
EOR !abs + Y
B5
3
5
50
EOR [ dp + X ]
B6
2
6
51
EOR [ dp ] + Y
B7
2
6
52
EOR { X }
B4
1
3
53
INC A
88
1
2
54
INC dp
89
2
4
55
INC dp + X
99
2
5
N-----Z-
56
INC !abs
98
3
5
N-----Z-
57
INC X
8F
1
2
N-----Z-
58
INC Y
9E
1
2
N-----Z-
59
LSR A
48
1
2
60
LSR dp
49
2
4
61
LSR dp + X
59
2
5
62
LSR !abs
58
3
5
63
MUL
5B
1
9
Multiply : YA ← Y × A
64
OR #imm
64
2
2
Logical OR
65
OR dp
65
2
3
66
OR dp + X
66
2
4
67
OR !abs
67
3
4
68
OR !abs + Y
75
3
5
69
OR [ dp + X ]
76
2
6
70
OR [ dp ] + Y
77
2
6
71
OR { X }
74
1
3
72
ROL A
28
1
2
73
ROL dp
29
2
4
74
ROL dp + X
39
2
5
75
ROL !abs
38
3
5
76
ROR A
68
1
2
Rotate right through Carry
77
ROR dp
69
2
4
78
ROR dp + X
79
2
5
7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0
→→→→→→→→
79
ROR !abs
78
3
5
80
SBC #imm
24
2
2
81
SBC dp
25
2
3
82
SBC dp + X
26
2
4
83
SBC !abs
27
3
4
84
SBC !abs + Y
35
3
5
85
SBC [ dp + X ]
36
2
6
86
SBC [ dp ] + Y
37
2
6
87
SBC { X }
34
1
3
88
TST dp
4C
2
3
Test memory contents for negative or zero, ( dp ) - 00H
N-----Z-
5
Exchange nibbles within the accumulator
A7~A4 ↔ A3~A0
N-----Z-
89
vi
Mnemonic
XCN
CE
1
N-----Z-
Increment
N-----ZC
M← (M)+1
N-----Z-
Logical shift right
7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0
C
“0” → → → → → → → → → →
N-----ZC
N-----Z-
A ← (A)∨(M)
N-----Z-
Rotate left through Carry
C
7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0
←←←←←←←←
C
N-----ZC
N-----ZC
Subtract with Carry
A ← ( A ) - ( M ) - ~( C )
NV--HZC
JUNE. 2001
GMS800 Series
Register / Memory Operation
No.
Mnemonic
Op
Code
Byte
No
Cycle
No
1
LDA #imm
C4
2
2
2
LDA dp
C5
2
3
3
LDA dp + X
C6
2
4
4
LDA !abs
C7
3
4
5
LDA !abs + Y
D5
3
5
6
LDA [ dp + X ]
D6
2
6
7
LDA [ dp ] + Y
D7
2
6
8
LDA { X }
D4
1
3
Operation
Load accumulator
A←(M)
N-----Z-
9
LDA { X }+
DB
1
4
X- register auto-increment : A ← ( M ) , X ← X + 1
10
LDM dp,#imm
E4
3
5
Load memory with immediate data : ( M ) ← imm
11
LDX #imm
1E
2
2
Load X-register
12
LDX dp
CC
2
3
13
LDX dp + Y
CD
2
4
14
LDX !abs
DC
3
4
15
LDY #imm
3E
2
2
16
LDY dp
C9
2
3
17
LDY dp + X
D9
2
4
18
LDY !abs
D8
3
4
19
STA dp
E5
2
4
20
STA dp + X
E6
2
5
21
STA !abs
E7
3
5
22
STA !abs + Y
F5
3
6
23
STA [ dp + X ]
F6
2
7
24
STA [ dp ] + Y
F7
2
7
Flag
NVGBHIZC
X ←(M)
-------N-----Z-
Load Y-register
Y←(M)
N-----Z-
Store accumulator contents in memory
(M)←A
--------
25
STA { X }
F4
1
4
26
STA { X }+
FB
1
4
X- register auto-increment : ( M ) ← A, X ← X + 1
27
STX dp
EC
2
4
Store X-register contents in memory
28
STX dp + Y
ED
2
5
29
STX !abs
FC
3
5
30
STY dp
E9
2
4
31
STY dp + X
F9
2
5
32
STY !abs
F8
3
5
33
TAX
E8
1
2
Transfer accumulator contents to X-register : X ← A
N-----Z-
34
TAY
9F
1
2
Transfer accumulator contents to Y-register : Y ← A
N-----Z-
35
TSPX
AE
1
2
Transfer stack-pointer contents to X-register : X ← sp
N-----Z-
36
TXA
C8
1
2
Transfer X-register contents to accumulator: A ← X
N-----Z-
37
TXSP
8E
1
2
Transfer X-register contents to stack-pointer: sp ← X
N-----Z-
38
TYA
BF
1
2
Transfer Y-register contents to accumulator: A ← Y
N-----Z-
39
XAX
EE
1
4
Exchange X-register contents with accumulator :X ↔ A
--------
40
XAY
DE
1
4
Exchange Y-register contents with accumulator :Y ↔ A
--------
41
XMA dp
BC
2
5
Exchange memory contents with accumulator
42
XMA dp+X
AD
2
6
43
XMA {X}
BB
1
5
44
XYX
FE
1
4
JUNE. 2001
(M)← X
--------
Store Y-register contents in memory
(M)← Y
(M)↔A
Exchange X-register contents with Y-register : X ↔ Y
--------
N-----Z--------
vii
GMS800 Series
16-BIT operation
No.
Mnemonic
Op
Code
Byte
No
Cycle
No
Operation
Flag
NVGBHIZC
1
ADDW dp
1D
2
5
16-Bits add without Carry
YA ← ( YA ) + ( dp +1 ) ( dp )
NV--H-ZC
2
CMPW dp
5D
2
4
Compare YA contents with memory pair contents :
(YA) − (dp+1)(dp)
N-----ZC
3
DECW dp
BD
2
6
Decrement memory pair
( dp+1)( dp) ← ( dp+1) ( dp) - 1
N-----Z-
4
INCW dp
9D
2
6
Increment memory pair
( dp+1) ( dp) ← ( dp+1) ( dp ) + 1
N-----Z-
5
LDYA dp
7D
2
5
Load YA
YA ← ( dp +1 ) ( dp )
N-----Z-
6
STYA dp
DD
2
5
Store YA
( dp +1 ) ( dp ) ← YA
--------
7
SUBW dp
3D
2
5
16-Bits subtract without carry
YA ← ( YA ) - ( dp +1) ( dp)
NV--H-ZC
Op
Code
Byte
No
Cycle
No
Bit Manipulation
No.
Mnemonic
Operation
Flag
NVGBHIZC
1
AND1 M.bit
8B
3
4
Bit AND C-flag : C ← ( C ) ∧ ( M .bit )
-------C
2
AND1B M.bit
8B
3
4
Bit AND C-flag and NOT : C ← ( C ) ∧ ~( M .bit )
-------C
3
BIT dp
0C
2
4
Bit test A with memory :
MM----Z-
4
BIT !abs
1C
3
5
Z ← ( A ) ∧ ( M ) , N ← ( M 7 ) , V ← ( M6 )
5
CLR1 dp.bit
y1
2
4
Clear bit : ( M.bit ) ← “0”
--------
6
CLRA1 A.bit
2B
2
2
Clear A bit : ( A.bit ) ← “0”
--------
7
CLRC
20
1
2
Clear C-flag : C ← “0”
-------0
8
CLRG
40
1
2
Clear G-flag : G ← “0”
--0-----
9
CLRV
80
1
2
Clear V-flag : V ← “0”
-0--0---
10
EOR1 M.bit
AB
3
5
Bit exclusive-OR C-flag : C ← ( C ) ⊕ ( M .bit )
-------C
11
EOR1B M.bit
AB
3
5
Bit exclusive-OR C-flag and NOT : C ← ( C ) ⊕ ~(M .bit)
-------C
12
LDC M.bit
CB
3
4
Load C-flag : C ← ( M .bit )
-------C
13
LDCB M.bit
CB
3
4
Load C-flag with NOT : C ← ~( M .bit )
-------C
14
NOT1 M.bit
4B
3
5
Bit complement : ( M .bit ) ← ~( M .bit )
--------
15
OR1 M.bit
6B
3
5
Bit OR C-flag : C ← ( C ) ∨ ( M .bit )
-------C
16
OR1B M.bit
6B
3
5
Bit OR C-flag and NOT : C ← ( C ) ∨ ~( M .bit )
-------C
17
SET1 dp.bit
x1
2
4
Set bit : ( M.bit ) ← “1”
--------
18
SETA1 A.bit
0B
2
2
Set A bit : ( A.bit ) ← “1”
--------
19
SETC
A0
1
2
Set C-flag : C ← “1”
-------1
20
SETG
C0
1
2
Set G-flag : G ← “1”
--1-----
21
STC M.bit
EB
3
6
Store C-flag : ( M .bit ) ← C
--------
22
TCLR1 !abs
5C
3
6
Test and clear bits with A :
A - ( M ) , ( M ) ← ( M ) ∧ ~( A )
N-----Z-
23
TSET1 !abs
3C
3
6
Test and set bits with A :
A-(M), (M)← (M)∨(A)
N-----Z-
viii
JUNE. 2001
GMS800 Series
Branch / Jump Operation
No.
Mnemonic
Op
Code
Byte
No
Cycle
No
Operation
Flag
NVGBHIZC
1
BBC A.bit,rel
y2
2
4/6
Branch if bit clear :
2
BBC dp.bit,rel
y3
3
5/7
if ( bit ) = 0 , then pc ← ( pc ) + rel
3
BBS A.bit,rel
x2
2
4/6
Branch if bit set :
4
BBS dp.bit,rel
x3
3
5/7
if ( bit ) = 1 , then pc ← ( pc ) + rel
5
BCC rel
50
2
2/4
Branch if carry bit clear
if ( C ) = 0 , then pc ← ( pc ) + rel
--------
6
BCS rel
D0
2
2/4
Branch if carry bit set
if ( C ) = 1 , then pc ← ( pc ) + rel
--------
7
BEQ rel
F0
2
2/4
Branch if equal
if ( Z ) = 1 , then pc ← ( pc ) + rel
--------
8
BMI rel
90
2
2/4
Branch if minus
if ( N ) = 1 , then pc ← ( pc ) + rel
--------
9
BNE rel
70
2
2/4
Branch if not equal
if ( Z ) = 0 , then pc ← ( pc ) + rel
--------
10
BPL rel
10
2
2/4
Branch if minus
if ( N ) = 0 , then pc ← ( pc ) + rel
--------
11
BRA rel
2F
2
4
Branch always
pc ← ( pc ) + rel
--------
12
BVC rel
30
2
2/4
Branch if overflow bit clear
if (V) = 0 , then pc ← ( pc) + rel
--------
13
BVS rel
B0
2
2/4
Branch if overflow bit set
if (V) = 1 , then pc ← ( pc ) + rel
--------
14
CALL !abs
3B
3
8
Subroutine call
15
CALL [dp]
5F
2
8
M( sp)←( pcH ), sp←sp - 1, M(sp)← (pcL), sp ←sp - 1,
if !abs, pc← abs ; if [dp], pcL← ( dp ), pcH← ( dp+1 ) .
--------
16
CBNE dp,rel
FD
3
5/7
Compare and branch if not equal :
--------
17
CBNE dp+X,rel
8D
3
6/8
18
DBNE dp,rel
AC
3
5/7
Decrement and branch if not equal :
19
DBNE Y,rel
7B
2
4/6
if ( M ) ≠ 0 , then pc ← ( pc ) + rel.
20
JMP !abs
1B
3
3
21
JMP [!abs]
1F
3
5
22
JMP [dp]
3F
2
4
23
PCALL upage
4F
2
6
U-page call
M(sp) ←( pcH ), sp ←sp - 1, M(sp) ← ( pcL ),
sp ← sp - 1, pcL ← ( upage ), pcH ← ”0FFH” .
--------
24
TCALL n
nA
1
8
Table call : (sp) ←( pcH ), sp ← sp - 1,
M(sp) ← ( pcL ),sp ← sp - 1,
pcL ← (Table vector L), pcH ← (Table vector H)
--------
JUNE. 2001
---------------
if ( A ) ≠ ( M ) , then pc ← ( pc ) + rel.
--------
Unconditional jump
pc ← jump address
--------
ix
GMS800 Series
Control Operation & Etc.
No.
1
x
Mnemonic
BRK
Op
Code
Byte
No
Cycle
No
Operation
0F
1
8
Software interrupt : B ← ”1”, M(sp) ← (pcH), sp ←sp-1,
M(s) ← (pcL), sp ← sp - 1, M(sp) ← (PSW), sp ← sp -1,
pcL ← ( 0FFDE H ) , pcH ← ( 0FFDFH) .
---1-0--
Flag
NVGBHIZC
2
DI
60
1
3
Disable all interrupts : I ← “0”
-----0--
3
EI
E0
1
3
Enable all interrupt : I ← “1”
-----1--
4
NOP
FF
1
2
No operation
--------
5
POP A
0D
1
4
sp ← sp + 1, A ← M( sp )
6
POP X
2D
1
4
sp ← sp + 1, X ← M( sp )
7
POP Y
4D
1
4
sp ← sp + 1, Y ← M( sp )
8
POP PSW
6D
1
4
sp ← sp + 1, PSW ← M( sp )
-------restored
9
PUSH A
0E
1
4
M( sp ) ← A , sp ← sp - 1
10
PUSH X
2E
1
4
M( sp ) ← X , sp ← sp - 1
11
PUSH Y
4E
1
4
M( sp ) ← Y , sp ← sp - 1
12
PUSH PSW
6E
1
4
M( sp ) ← PSW , sp ← sp - 1
13
RET
6F
1
5
Return from subroutine
sp ← sp +1, pcL ← M( sp ), sp ← sp +1, pcH ← M( sp )
--------
14
RETI
7F
1
6
Return from interrupt
sp ← sp +1, PSW ← M( sp ), sp ← sp + 1,
pcL ← M( sp ), sp ← sp + 1, pcH ← M( sp )
restored
15
STOP
EF
1
3
Stop mode ( halt CPU, stop oscillator )
--------
--------
JUNE. 2001
C. MASK ORDER SHEET
MASK ORDER & VERIFICATION SHEET
GMS81C21XX-HJ
Customer should write inside thick line box.
2. Device Information
1. Customer Information
Company Name
Package
42SDIP
Internet
Application
Tel:
MM
Fax:
E-mail address:
40PDIP
Hitel
Chollian
(
File Name
DD
Mask Data
YYYY
Order Date
44MQFP
) .OTP
ROM Size (bytes)
Check Sum
12K
20K
(
)
(20K) 3000 H
(12K) 5000 H
Name &
Signature:
Set “00 H” in blanked area
.O TP file
7FFF H
(Please check mark√ into
3. Marking Specification
12 or 20
Customer’s logo
GMS81C21XX-HJ
YYWW
GMS81C21XX-HJ
YYWW
KOREA
KOREA
Customer logo is not required.
If the customer logo must be used in the special mark, please submit a clean original of the logo.
Customer’s part number
4. Delivery Schedule
Date
Customer sample
Risk order
Quantity
YYYY
MM
DD
YYYY
MM
DD
HYNIX Confirmation
pcs
pcs
5. ROM Code Verification
Please confirm out verification data.
YYYY
Verification date:
Check sum:
Tel:
E-mail address:
Name &
Signature:
MM
DD
YYYY
Approval date:
MM
DD
I agree with your verification data and confirm you to
make mask set.
Fax:
Tel:
E-mail address:
Name &
Signature:
Fax:
)
GMS81C21XX MASK OPTION LIST
Customer should write inside thick line box.
1. RA/Vdisp
RA without pull-down resistor
Vdisp
(Please check mark√ into
)
2. CONFIG OPTION Check
X
X
X
7
CONFIG
6
X
5
4
PFS1 PFS0
CONFIG Default Value : XX00X0X0
3
2
LOCK
1
0
RCO
ADDRESS: 703FH
INITIAL VALUE: --00 -0-0B
External RC OSC Selection
0: Crystal or Resonator Oscillator
1: External RC Oscillator
PFD Level Selection
00: PFD = 2.7V
01: PFD = 2.7V
10: PFD = 3.0V
11: PFD = 2.4V
Code Protect
0 : Allow Code Read Out
1 : Lock Code Read Out
3. H/V Port OPTION Check (Pull-down Option Check )
Port
Option
ON OFF
Port
Option
ON OFF
Port
R00/INT0
R20
R30
R01/INT1
R21
R31
R02/EC0
R22
R32
R03/BUZO
R23
R33
R04
R24
R34
R05
R25
R06
R26
R07
R27
Option
ON OFF
ON : with pull-down resistor
OFF : without pull-down resistor
4. Normal Port OPTION Check ( Pull-up Option Check )
P o rt
O p tio n
Port
O N OFF
R 5 3 /S C L K
R60/AN0
R 54 /S IN
R61/AN1
R 5 5/S O U T
R62/AN2
R 5 6/P W M
R63/AN3
R 57
R64/AN4
Option
ON OFF
R65/AN5
R66/AN6
R67/AN7
ON : with pull-up resistor
OFF : without pull-up resistor