www.fairchildsemi.com LM148 Low Power Quad 741 Operational Amplifier Features Description • • • • • • • • • • The LM148 is a true quad 741. It consists of four independent high-gain, internally compensated, low-power operational amplifiers which have been designed to provide functional characteristics identical to those of the familiar 741 operational amplifier. In addition, the total supply current for all four amplifiers is comparable to the supply current of a single 741 type op amp. Other features include input offset currents and input bias currents which are much less than those of a standard 741. Also, excellent isolation between amplifiers has been achieved by independently biasing each amplifier and using layout techniques which minimize thermal coupling. 741 op amp operating characteristics Low supply current drain—0.6 mA/amplifier Class AB output stage—no crossover distortion Pin compatible with the LM124 Low input offset voltage—1.0 mV Low input offset current—4.0 nA Low input bias current—30 nA Unity gain bandwidth—1.0 MHz Channel Separation—120 dB Input and output overload protection The LM148 can be used anywhere multiple 741 type amplifiers are being used and in applications where amplifier matching or high packing density is required. Block Diagram –Input (A) +Input (A) A + D + Output (A) Output (C) + B + –Input (B) +Input (D) Output (D) Output (B) +Input (B) –Input (D) C +Input (C) –Input (C) 65-148-01 Rev. 1.0.0 LM148 PRODUCT SPECIFICATION Pin Assignments Output (A) –Input (A)) +Input (A) +VS +Input (B) –Input (B) Output (B) 1 14 2 13 3 12 4 11 5 10 6 9 7 8 Output (D) –Input (D) +Input (D) Ground +Input (C) –Input (C) Output (C) 65-148-02 Absolute Maximum Ratings Parameter Min. Max. Unit Supply Voltage -22 +22 V 44 V +22 V Differential Input Voltage 1 Input Voltage -22 Output Short Circuit Duration2 Indefinite Storage Temperature Range -65 +150 °C Operating Temperature Range -55 +125 °C Lead Soldering Temperature (60 sec.) +300°C Notes: 1. For supply voltages less than ±15V, the absolute maximum input voltage is equal to the supply voltage. 2. Short circuit to ground on one amplifier only. Thermal Characteristics Parameter Maximum Junction Temperature Maximum PD TA < 50°C 2 14-Lead Ceramic DIP +175°C 1042 mW Thermal Resistance, qJC 60°C/W Thermal Resistance, qJA 120°C/W For TA > 50°C derate at 8.33 mW/°C PRODUCT SPECIFICATION LM148 Electrical Characteristics (VS = ±15V and TA = 25°C, unless otherwise noted) Parameter Test Conditions Input Offset Voltage RS £ 10KW Min. Input Offset Current Input Bias Current Input Resistance (Differential Mode)1 0.8 Supply Current, All Amplifiers VS = ±15V Large Signal Voltage Gain VS = ±15V, VOUT = ±10V, RL ³ 2KW Channel Separation F = 1 Hz 20 KHz Typ. Max. Unit 1.0 5.0 mV 4.0 25 nA 30 100 2.5 2.4 50 Unity Gain Bandwidth nA MW 3.6 160 mA V/mV 120 dB 1.0 MHz Phase Margin 60 Degrees Slew Rate 0.5 V/mS Short Circuit Current 25 mA The following specifications apply for VS = ±15V, -55°C £ TA £ +125°C. Input Offset Voltage RS £ 10KW 6.0 mV Input Offset Current 75 nA Input Bias Current 325 nA Large Signal Voltage Gain VS = ±15V, VOUT = 10V, RL < 2KW 25 Output Voltage Swing VS = ±15V RL = 10KW ±12 ±13 RL = 2KW ±10 ±12 V/mV V Input Voltage Range VS = ±15V ±12 Common Mode Rejection Ratio RS £ 10KW 70 90 dB Power Supply Rejection Ratio RS £ 10KW 77 96 dB V Note: 1. Guaranteed by design but not tested. 3 LM148 PRODUCT SPECIFICATION Typical Performance Characteristics 90 6 80 4 +25 C 3 +125 C IB (nA) -55 C 70 VS = ±20V 60 VS = ±15V 50 VS = ±10V VS = ±5V 40 30 2 ±5 ±10 ±15 ±20 ±25 65-148-04 1 0 0 20 65-148-03 10 0 -55 -35 -15 ±30 +5 +25 +45 +65 +85 +105 +125 ±VS (V) TA (¡C) Figure 1. Supply Current vs. Supply Voltage Figure 2. Input Bias Current vs. Temperature 50 15 TA = +25 C VS = 30 20 65-148-05 10 0 15V 10 VOUT (V) VOUT P-P (V) 40 0 ±5 ±10 ±15 ±20 5 -55 C +25 C +125 C 0 ±25 0 5 10 15 20 +I SOURCE (mA) ±VS Figure 3. Output Voltage Swing vs. Supply Voltage -15 65-148-06 I SY (mA) 5 25 30 Figure 4. Positive Current Limit Output Voltage vs. Output Source Current 1K VS = ±15V VS = 15V T A = +25 C 100 +25 C -55 C -5 0 0 5 10 15 20 25 ISINK (mA) Figure 5. Negative Current Limit Output Voltage vs. Output Sink Current 4 30 A V = 10 10 1 0.1 100 A V = 1.0 1K 10K 65-148-08 +125 C ROUT (W ) A V = 100 65-148-07 VOUT (V) -10 100K 1M F (Hz) Figure 6. Output Impedance vs. Frequency PRODUCT SPECIFICATION LM148 Typical Performance Characteristics (continued) 110 120 VS = 15V T A = +25 C 100 70 LM148 65-148-09 40 20 0 10 100 1K 10K 100K 1M 50 30 10 0 -10 10 10M LM148 100 1K 10K F (Hz) 1 F (MHz) 10K F (Deg) F AV 100W VOUT 65-148-11 AV (dB) 100 90 80 70 60 50 40 30 20 10 0 -10 VS = 15V T A = +25 C 2K 10 65-148-12 0 10 VOUT (V) VOUT (mV) Figure 10. Gain, Phase Test Circuit VS = 15V T A = +25 C AV = 1 100 0 100 0 -100 10 65-148-13 2 3 4 Time ( mS) Figure 11. Small Signal Pulse Response Input, Output Voltage vs. Time 5 VIN (V) -10 VIN (mV) -100 1 10M Figure 8. Open Loop Gain vs. Frequency Figure 9. Gain, Phase vs. Frequency 0 1M F (Hz) Figure 7. CMRR vs. Frequency 120 15 10 5 0 -5 -10 -15 -20 -25 -30 -35 0.1 100K VS = 15V T A = +25 C AV = 1 R L 2K 0 -10 0 40 80 120 160 65-148-14 60 65-148-10 AV (dB) 80 CMRR (dB) VS = 15V T A = +25 C 90 200 Time ( mS) Figure 12. Large Signal Pulse Response Output Voltage vs. Time 5 LM148 PRODUCT SPECIFICATION Typical Performance Characteristics (continued) 32 20 GBW (MHz) 24 16 12 8 3 2 65-148-15 1 4 0 100 1K 10K 0 -55 -35 -15 100K 65-148-16 VOUT (V) 4 VS = 15V T A = +25 C AV = 1 R L = 2K < 1% Dist. 28 +5 +25 +45 +65 +85 +105 +125 TA (¡C) F (Hz) Figure 13. Undistorted Output Voltage Swing vs. Frequency Figure 14. Gain Bandwidth Product vs. Temperature -20 +125 C 3 -VCM (V) 2 -15 +25 C -55 C -10 65-148-18 -5 100 +5 +25 +45 +65 +85 +105 +125 -10 TA (¡C) -15 Figure 15. Slew Rate vs. Temperature Figure 16. Negative Common Mode Input Voltage vs. Supply Voltage 160 VS = 15V T A = +25 C AV = 1 R L = 2K 0 140 120 en (nV Hz) VOUT (V) 10 10 0 -10 65-148-19 VIN (V) -10 0 20 40 60 80 100 120 140 160 180 200 Time ( mS) Figure 17. Inverting Large Signal Pulse Response Input, Output Voltage vs. Time 6 -20 -VS (V) 1.6 VS = 15V T A = +25 C 1.4 1.2 100 1.0 80 60 40 0.8 en 0.6 IN 0.4 20 0 100 0.2 100 IN (pA Hz) 0 -55 -35 -15 65-148-17 1 1K F (Hz) 0 10K Figure 18. Input Noise Voltage, Current Densities vs. Frequency 65-148-20 SR (V/ mS) 4 PRODUCT SPECIFICATION LM148 Typical Performance Characteristics (continued) 20 TA +125 C 15 10 65-148-21 +VCM (V) 55 C 5 5 10 15 20 +VS (V) Figure 19. Positive Common Mode, Input Voltage vs. Supply Voltage Typical Simulation +Vs +Vs 1.803V RC1 5.3K C1 5.46 pF VA RC2 5.3K C2* VH 30 pF RO1 D3 32W VOUT (+) D1 (-) RE2 2.712K RE1 2.712K VE Gen 5.9W R2 100K VA GA 150.8m W VB GB 247.5m W RO2 42.87K RC 21.3 mW VE Cc 2.41 pF RE 9.87M 20.226 µA bO1 = 112 bO2 = 14 I S = 8 x 10 D4 D2 2.803V C C VO 46.96W -Vs 65-148-22 -16 -Vs Figure 20. LM148 Macromodel for Computer Simulation 7 LM148 PRODUCT SPECIFICATION Applications Discussion The LM148 is short circuit protected to ground and supplies continuously when only one of the four amplifiers is shorted. If multiple shorts occur simultaneously, the unit can be destroyed due to excessive power dissipation. The LM148 low power quad operational amplifier exhibits performance comparable to the popular 741. Substitution can therefore be made with no change in circuit behavior. To assure stability and to minimize pickup, feedback resistors should be placed close to the input to maximize the feedback pole frequency (a function of input to ground capacitance). A good rule of thumb is that the feedback pole frequency should be 6 times the operating -3.0B frequency. If less, a lead capacitor should be placed between the output and input. The input characteristics of these devices allow differential voltages which exceed the supplies. Output phase will be correct as long as one of the inputs is within the operating common mode range. If both exceed the negative limit, the output will latch positive. Current limiting resistors should be used on the inputs in case voltages become excessive. When capacitive loading becomes much greater than 100pF, a resistor should be placed between the output and feedback connection in order to reduce phase shift. R3 R5 R4 D1 C2 D2 R2 R7 R6 Q1 C3 C1 C1 2 3 LM148 A 1 A1 R1 6 LM148 B 5 R1 7 A2 1 x K 2 p R1C1 1 1 1 R4R5 + + K= R5 R DS R4 R3 F= 9 10 LM148 C VOUT 8 A3 65-148-23 R ON V GS 1/2 1VP FMAX = 5.0 KHz, THD 0.03% R1 = 100K pot., C1 = 0.0047 m F, C2 = 0.01 m F, C3 = 0.1 m F, R2 = R6 = R7 = 1M, R3 = 5.1K, R4 = 12W . R5 = 240 W, Q1 = NS5102, D1 = 1N914, D2 = 3.6V avalanche diode (ex. LM103), V s = 15V R DS ~ A simpler version with some distortion degradation at high frequencies can be made by using A1 as a simple inverting amplifier, and by putting back to back zeners in feedback loop of A3. Figure 21. One Decade Low Distortion Sinewave Generator 8 PRODUCT SPECIFICATION LM148 Applications Discussion (continued) 3 -V IN 2 LM148 A 1 R R R1 R/2 9 R/2 LM148 10 B R 6 5 +VIN 8 V OUT R2 LM148 C 2R R1 VS = ±15V V OUT = 2 7 + 1 , -VS - 3V VIN CM +VS -3V R = R2, trim R2 to boost CMRR 65-148-24 Figure 22. Low Cost Instrumentation Amplifier 2 VIN 500K D1 1N941 LM148 A 3 1 D3 6 D2 1N914 5 7 LM148 B VPEAK CP 2N2906 Adjust R for minimum drift D3 low leakage diode D1 added to improve speed VS = 15V R2 2M 10 I BIAS 9 R 1M 2 3 (+VS ) LM148 C 8 I BIAS 65-148-25 Figure 23. Low Voltage Peak Detector with Bias Current Compensation 9 LM148 PRODUCT SPECIFICATION Applications Discussion (continued) R5 100K R6 C1 0.001 m F 10K C2 0.001 m F 2 VIN R3 R1 1 LM148 A 3 6 5 R0 LM148 B R2 7 9 10 VHP LM148 C R4 VIN(s) = N(s) FNOTCH = HOLP = Q -Sw0 HOBP NHP(S) = S2 HOHP, NBP(S) = FO = Sw0 D(s) = S2 + D(s) 1 R6 2p R5 1 RH 2p RL t1 t2 RF 13 LM148 D 12 V(s) VLP RL RH Tune Q through R0 for predictable results: FO Q 4 x104 Use bandpass output to tune for Q 8 14 VBR + w 02 NLP = w02 HOLP Q 1 , t1 = R1C1, Q = t1t2 1/2 , HOHP = 1 + R4 | R3 + R4 | R0 R6 t1 1 + R6 | R5 R5 t2 1 + R6 | R5 1 + R3 | R0 + R3 | R4 , HOBP = 1/2 1 + R4 | R3 + R4 | R0 1 + R3 | R0 + R3 | R4 1 + R5 | R6 65-148-26 1 + R3 | R0 + R3 | R4 Figure 24. Universal State-Space Filter 100K 10K 0.001 mF 0.001 mF 2 VIN 150K 3 LM148 A 6 1 50.3K LM148 B 5 7 50.3K 9 LM148 C 10 4.556K 8 V OUT1 100K 100K 100K 2 3 0.001 mF 10K LM148 A 1 50.3K 6 5 0.001 mF LM148 B 7 50.3K 9 10 39.4K LM148 C 8 V OUT2 100K 65-148-27 Use general equations, and tune each section separately. Q 1st Section = 0.541, Q 2nd Section = 1.306. The response should have 0 dB peaking. Figure 25. 1 KHz 4-Pole Butterworth Filter 10 PRODUCT SPECIFICATION LM148 Applications Discussion (continued) R7 R8 R1 C2 2 C1 R2 1 LM148 A 3 R6 6 5 R5 VOUT(S) LM148 B R3 7 9 R4 10 LM148 C 8 VIN(S) Q= R8 R7 R1C1 , Fo = R3C2R2C1 Necessary condition for notch : 1 R8 R7 1 2p R2R3C1C2 , FNOTCH = 1 R6 2p R3R5R7C1C2 R1 1 = R4R7 R6 Examples: FNOTCH = 3 kHz, Q = 5, R1 = 270K, R2 = R3 = 20K, R4 = 27K, R5 = 20K, R6 = R8 = 10K, R7 = 100K. C1 = C2 = 0.001 µF. Better noise performance than the state-space approach. 65-148-28 Figure 26. 3 Amplifier Bi-Quad Notch Filter R5 100K Gain vs Frequency R6 C1 C2 2 3 LM148 A 6 1 R1 5 LM148 B R2 BP R0 9 7 RH AV (dB) R3 VIN 10 LM148 C 8 R4 0 -10 -20 -30 -40 -50 -60 -70 100 1K 10K 100K F (Hz) RL R'5 R'H R'6 2 3 LM148 A BP' R'1 6 C'1 5 LM148 B 1 7 R'2 C'2 9 10 R'0 R'F 100K LM148 C 8 13 R'L 12 R'4 LM148 D 14 VOUT FC = 1 kHz, F S = 2 kHz, F P = 0.543. FZ = 2.14, Q = 0.841, F'P = 0.987, F'Z = 4.92. Q' = 4.403 normalized to ripple BW. FP = RP = 1 2p R6 R5 1 1 , FZ = t 2p RH RL 1 t ,Q= 1 + R4/R3 + R4/R0 x 1 + R6/R5 R6 R5 , Q' = 1 + R'4/R'0 R'6 x 1 + R'6/R'5 + R'6/RP R'5 RH R L RH + R L Use the B'P outputs to tune Q, Q', tune the 2 sections separately. R1 = R2 = 92.6K, R3 = R4 = R5 = 100K, R6 = 10K, R0 = 107.8K, RL = 100K, RH = 155.1K, R'1 = R'2 = 50.9K, R'4 = R'5 = 100K, R'6 = 10K, R'0 = 5.78K, R'L = 100K, R'H = 248.12K, R'F = 100K. 65-148-29 All capacitors are 0.001µF. Figure 27. 4th Order 1 KHz Elliptic Filter (4 Poles, 4 Zeros) 11 LM148 Notes: 12 PRODUCT SPECIFICATION PRODUCT SPECIFICATION LM148 Notes: 13 LM148 Notes: 14 PRODUCT SPECIFICATION PRODUCT SPECIFICATION LM148 Mechanical Dimensions 14-Pin Ceramic DIP Inches Symbol Min. A b1 b2 c1 D E e eA L Q s1 a Millimeters Max. — .200 .014 .023 .045 .065 .008 .015 — .785 .220 .310 .100 BSC .300 BSC .125 .200 .015 .060 .005 — 90¡ 105¡ Min. Notes: Notes Max. — 5.08 .36 .58 1.14 1.65 .20 .38 — 19.94 5.59 7.87 2.54 BSC 7.62 BSC 3.18 5.08 .38 1.52 .13 — 90¡ 105¡ 1. Index area: a notch or a pin one identification mark shall be located adjacent to pin one. The manufacturer's identification shall not be used as pin one identification mark. 8 2 2. The minimum limit for dimension "b2" may be .023 (.58mm) for leads number 1, 7, 8 and 14 only. 8 4 3. Dimension "Q" shall be measured from the seating plane to the base plane. 4 5, 9 7 4. This dimension allows for off-center lid, meniscus and glass overrun. 3 6 5. The basic pin spacing is .100 (2.54mm) between centerlines. Each pin centerline shall be located within ±.010 (.25mm) of its exact longitudinal position relative to pins 1 and 14. 6. Applies to all four corners (leads number 1, 7, 8, and 14). 7. "eA" shall be measured at the center of the lead bends or at the centerline of the leads when "a" is 90¡. 8. All leads – Increase maximum limit by .003 (.08mm) measured at the center of the flat, when lead finish applied. 9. Twelve spaces. D 7 1 8 14 NOTE 1 E s1 eA e A Q L b2 a c1 b1 15 LM148 PRODUCT SPECIFICATION Ordering Information Package Operating Temperature Range LM148D 14-Lead Ceramic DIP -55°C to +125°C LM148D/883B 14-Lead Ceramic DIP -55°C to +125°C Part Number Note: 1. 883B suffix denotes Mil-Std-883, Level B processing LIFE SUPPORT POLICY FAIRCHILD’S PRODUCTS ARE NOT AUTHORIZED FOR USE AS CRITICAL COMPONENTS IN LIFE SUPPORT DEVICES OR SYSTEMS WITHOUT THE EXPRESS WRITTEN APPROVAL OF THE PRESIDENT OF FAIRCHILD SEMICONDUCTOR CORPORATION. As used herein: 1. Life support devices or systems are devices or systems which, (a) are intended for surgical implant into the body, or (b) support or sustain life, and (c) whose failure to perform when properly used in accordance with instructions for use provided in the labeling, can be reasonably expected to result in a significant injury of the user. 2. A critical component in any component of a life support device or system whose failure to perform can be reasonably expected to cause the failure of the life support device or system, or to affect its safety or effectiveness. www.fairchildsemi.com 5/20/98 0.0m 001 Stock#DS3000148 Ó 1998 Fairchild Semiconductor Corporation