LT5512 1kHz-3GHz High Signal Level Down-Converting Mixer U FEATURES DESCRIPTIO The LT®5512 is a broadband mixer IC optimized for high linearity downconverter applications including cable and wireless infrastructure. The IC includes a differential LO buffer amplifier driving a double-balanced mixer. An integrated RF buffer amplifier improves LO-RF isolation and eliminates the need for precision external bias resistors. Broadband RF, LO and IF Operation High Input IP3: +21dBm at 900MHz +17dBm at 1900MHz Typical Conversion Gain: 1dB at 1900MHz SSB Noise Figure: 11dB at 900MHz 14dB at 1900MHz Integrated LO Buffer: Insensitive to LO Drive Level Single-Ended or Differential LO Signal High LO-RF Isolation Enable Function 4.5V to 5.25V Supply Voltage Range 4mm × 4mm QFN Package ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ The LT5512 is a high-linearity alternative to passive diode mixers. Unlike passive mixers, which have conversion loss and require high LO drive levels, the LT5512 delivers conversion gain and requires significantly lower LO drive levels. , LTC and LT are registered trademarks of Linear Technology Corporation. U APPLICATIO S ■ ■ ■ ■ Cellular/PCS/UMTS Infrastructure CATV Downlink Infrastructure High Linearity Mixer Applications ISM Band Receivers U TYPICAL APPLICATIO High Signal-Level Downmixer for Wireless Infastructure Output IF Power and Output IM3 vs RF Input Power (Two Input Tones) 5V 100pF 1850MHz TO 1910MHz 10 0 EN 1:2 + RF LNA VCC1 VCC2 LT5512 IF 1.5pF 220nH + 100pF IF – 70MHz (TYP) –10 IF VGA LTC1748 ADC 8.2pF RF – 220nH POUT, IM3 (dBm/TONE) 1850MHz TO 1910MHz 1µF –30 –40 –50 –60 LO LO INPUT –10dBm 100pF + 5.6nH LO– IFOUT –20 –70 IM3 TA = 25°C PLO = –10dBm fLO = 1830MHz fRF1 = 1899.9MHz fRF2 = 1900.1MHz –80 3 –21 –18 –15 –12 –9 –6 –3 0 RF INPUT POWER (dBm/TONE) 100pF 6 5512 F01b 5512 F01a 5512f 1 LT5512 U W W W ABSOLUTE AXI U RATI GS U W U PACKAGE/ORDER I FOR ATIO (Note 1) ORDER PART NUMBER NC LO – NC LO+ TOP VIEW Supply Voltage ....................................................... 5.5V Enable Voltage ............................... –0.3V to VCC + 0.3V LO + to LO – Differential Voltage ............................ ±1.5V ................................................... (+6dBm equivalent) + RF to RF – Differential Voltage ............................. ±0.7V .................................................. (+10dBm equivalent) Operating Temperature Range .................–40°C to 85°C Storage Temperature Range ..................–65°C to 125°C Junction Temperature (TJ)................................... 125°C LT5512EUF 16 15 14 13 NC 1 12 GND RF + 2 RF – 11 IF+ 17 10 IF – 3 NC 4 5 6 7 8 EN VCC1 VCC2 NC 9 GND PART MARKING 5512 UF PACKAGE 16-LEAD (4mm × 4mm) PLASTIC QFN TJMAX = 125°C, θJA = 37°C/W EXPOSED PAD IS GROUND (PIN 17) (MUST BE SOLDERED TO PCB) Consult LTC Marketing for parts specified with wider operating temperature ranges. ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS PARAMETER CONDITIONS RF Input Frequency Range2 MIN TYP MAX UNITS Requires Appropriate Matching 0.001 to 3000 MHz LO Input Frequency Range2 Requires Appropriate Matching 0.001 to 3000 MHz IF Output Frequency Range2 Requires Appropriate Matching 0.001 to 2000 MHz Downmixer Application: (Test Circuit Shown in Figure 2) VCC = 5VDC, EN = High, TA = 25°C, PRF = –10dBm (–10dBm/tone for two-tone IIP3 tests, ∆f = 200kHz), fLO = fRF – 170MHz, PLO = –10dBm, IF output measured at 170MHz, unless otherwise noted. (Notes 2, 3) PARAMETER CONDITIONS Conversion Gain fRF = 900MHz fRF = 1900MHz Conversion Gain vs Temperature TA = – 40°C to 85°C Input 3rd Order Intercept MIN TYP –1 0 1 MAX UNITS dB dB –0.011 dB/°C fRF = 900MHz fRF = 1900MHz 21 17 dBm dBm Single-Sideband Noise Figure fRF = 900MHz fRF = 1900MHz 11 14 dB dB LO to RF Leakage fLO = 730MHz fLO = 1730MHz –60 –53 dBm dBm LO to IF Leakage fLO = 730MHz and 1730MHz –46 dBm RF to LO Isolation fRF = 900MHz fRF = 1900MHz 57 50 dB dB 2RF-2LO Output Spurious Product (fRF = fLO + fIF/2) 900MHz: fRF = 815MHz at –12dBm 1900MHz: fRF = 1815MHz at –12dBm –66 –59 dBc dBc 3RF-3LO Output Spurious Product (fRF = fLO + fIF/3) 900MHz: fRF = 786.67MHz at –12dBm 1900MHz: fRF = 1786.67MHz at –12dBm –83 –58 dBc dBc Input 1dB Compression fRF = 900MHz fRF = 1900MHz 10.1 6.2 dBm dBm 5512f 2 LT5512 ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS 1230MHz Cable Infrastructure Downmixer Application: (Test Circuit Shown in Figure 3) VCC = 5VDC, EN = High, TA = 25°C, RF input = 1230MHz at –10dBm, LO input swept from 1500MHz to 2100MHz, PLO = –10dBm, IF output measured from 270MHz to 870MHz, unless otherwise noted. PARAMETER CONDITIONS MIN TYP MAX UNITS Conversion Gain fLO = 1800MHz, fIF = 570MHz 2.8 dB Input 3rd Order Intercept 2-Tone RF Input, –10dBm/Tone, ∆f = 1MHz, fLO = 1800MHz, fIF = 570MHz 17.9 dBm LO to RF Leakage –56 dBm LO to IF Leakage – 40 dBm RF to LO Isolation 51 dB 2RF – LO Output Spurious Product fIF = 570MHz, PRF = –18dBm, fLO = 1800MHz – 60 dBc Single-Sideband Noise Figure fLO = 1800MHz, fIF = 570MHz 13.3 dB DC ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS (Note 3), unless otherwise noted. PARAMETER (Test Circuit Shown in Figure 2) VCC = 5VDC, EN = High, TA = 25°C CONDITIONS MIN TYP MAX UNITS Enable (EN) Low = Off, High = On Turn On Time 3 µs Turn Off Time 13 µs 50 µA Input Current VENABLE = 5VDC Enable = High (On) 3 VDC Enable = Low (Off) 0.3 VDC 5.25 VDC 74 mA 100 µA Power Supply Requirements (VCC) Supply Voltage 4.50 Supply Current 57 Shutdown Current EN = Low Note 1: Absolute Maximum Ratings are those values beyond which the life of a device may be impaired. Note 2: External components on the final test circuit are optimized for operation at fRF = 1900MHz, fLO = 1730MHz and fIF = 170MHz (Figure 2). Note 3: Specifications over the –40°C to 85°C temperature range are assured by design, characterization and correlation with statistical process controls. U W TYPICAL PERFOR A CE CHARACTERISTICS (Test Circuit Shown in Figure 2) Shutdown Current vs Supply Voltage Supply Current vs Supply Voltage 59 100 58 SUPPLY CURRENT (mA) SHUTDOWN CURRENT (µA) TA = 85°C 57 56 TA = 25°C 55 54 53 TA = –40°C 52 51 10 TA = 85°C TA = 25°C 1 TA = –40°C 50 49 4.5 4.75 5.25 5.0 SUPPLY VOLTAGE (V) 5.5 5512 G01 0.1 4.5 5.0 5.25 4.75 SUPPLY VOLTAGE (V) 5.5 5512 G02 5512f 3 LT5512 U W TYPICAL PERFOR A CE CHARACTERISTICS (1900MHz Downmixer Application) VCC = 5VDC, EN = High, TA = 25°C, 1900MHz RF input matching, RF input = 1900MHz at –10dBm, LO input = 1730MHz at –10dBm, IF output measured at 170MHz, unless otherwise noted. (Test circuit shown in Figure 2). Conv Gain, IIP3 and SSB NF vs RF Frequency (Low-Side LO) 18 14 SSB NF 12 10 8 fIF = 170MHz TA = 25°C 6 4 CONV GAIN 2 0 1700 1900 2000 1800 RF FREQUENCY (MHz) 20 16 14 SSB NF 12 10 fIF = 170MHz TA = 25°C 8 6 4 CONV GAIN 2 0 1700 2100 18 IIP3 CONV GAIN (dB), IIP3 (dBm) IIP3 16 CONV GAIN (dB), NF (dB), IIP3 (dBm) TA = –40°C 6 TA = –40°C TA = 25°C TA = 85°C 0 –18 –16 –14 –12 –10 –8 –6 LO INPUT POWER (dBm) –4 HIGH-SIDE LO 14.0 LOW-SIDE LO 13.5 TA = –40°C 12.5 –55 –4 –60 –18 –16 –14 –12 –10 –8 –6 LO INPUT POWER (dBm) –2 5512 • G08 RF, LO and IF Port Return Loss vs Frequency TA = –40°C 2 TA = 85°C 4.75 5.25 5.0 SUPPLY VOLTAGE (V) 5.5 5512 • G09 TA = 25°C LO TA = 85°C –50 –70 –80 0 4.5 –5 TA = 85°C –40 –60 –2 0 –20 –30 –4 TA = –40°C 0 CONV GAIN TA = 25°C –45 –50 –10 POUT TA = 85°C POUT, IM3 (dBm/TONE) CONV GAIN (dB), IIP3 (dBm) 4 LO-IF –40 13.0 10 6 100 –35 5512 • G07 18 8 75 –30 Output IF Power and Output IM3 vs RF Input Power (Two Input Tones) 10 0 25 50 TEMPERATURE (°C) fLO = 1730MHz TA = 25°C –25 12.0 –18 –16 –14 –12 –10 –8 –6 LO INPUT POWER (dBm) –2 IIP3 –25 –20 fRF = 1900MHz fIF = 170MHz TA = 25°C 14.5 Conv Gain and IIP3 vs Supply Voltage 14 HIGH-SIDE LO LOW-SIDE LO LO-IF and LO-RF Leakage vs LO Input Power 5512 • G06 16 CONV GAIN 4 LO-RF 2 TA = 25°C 6 5512 • G05 LO LEAKAGE (dBm) 8 CONV GAIN 8 –50 15.0 TA = 85°C SSB NF (dB) CONV GAIN (dB), IIP3 (dBm) 15.5 10 12 2100 16.0 TA = 25°C 12 4 10 SSB Noise Figure vs LO Input Power 20 IIP3 HIGH-SIDE LO 12 5512 • G04 Conv Gain and IIP3 vs LO Input Power 16 LOW-SIDE LO 14 0 1800 2000 1900 RF FREQUENCY (MHz) 5512 • G03 18 IIP3 16 2 RETURN LOSS (dB) CONV GAIN (dB), NF (dB), IIP3 (dBm) 18 14 Conv Gain and IIP3 vs Temperature RF = 1900MHz, IF = 170MHz Conv Gain, IIP3 and SSB NF vs RF Frequency (High-Side LO) TA = –40°C IM3 –10 –15 IF –20 RF –25 TA = 25°C –90 0 –21 –18 –15 –12 –9 –6 –3 RF INPUT POWER (dBm/TONE) –30 3 5512 G10 TA = 25°C 0 500 1000 1500 2000 FREQUENCY (MHz) 2500 3000 5512 G11 5512f 4 LT5512 U W TYPICAL PERFOR A CE CHARACTERISTICS (1900MHz Downmixer Application, continued) VCC = 5VDC, EN = High, TA = 25°C, 1900MHz RF input matching, RF input = 1900MHz at –10dBm, LO input = 1730MHz at –10dBm, IF output measured at 170MHz, unless otherwise noted. (Test circuit shown in Figure 2). IF Output Power, 2RF-2LO and 3RF-3LO vs RF Input Power 2RF-2LO (Half-IF) Spur Level vs LO Input Power –50 –30 POUT (RF = 1900MHz) 3RF-3LO (RF = 1786.67MHz) –50 2RF-2LO (RF = 1815MHz) –70 –65 PRF = –10dBm –70 –75 –1 5512 G18 PRF = –10dBm –65 –70 –75 PRF = –16dBm –85 –90 –18 –16 –14 –12 –10 –8 –6 LO INPUT POWER (dBm) 2 –60 –80 PRF = –16dBm –85 –110 –22 –19 –16 –13 –10 –7 –4 RF INPUT POWER (dBm) TA = 25°C fLO = 1730MHz fRF = 1786.67MHz –55 –60 –80 –90 –50 TA = 25°C fLO = 1730MHz fRF = 1815MHz –55 SPUR LEVEL (dBm) IF OUTPUT POWER (dBm) TA = 25°C fLO = 1730MHz –10 PLO = –10dBm SPUR LEVEL (dBm) 10 3RF-3LO Spur Level vs LO Input Power –4 –90 –18 –16 –14 –12 –10 –8 –6 LO INPUT POWER (dBm) –2 5512 G19 –2 –4 5512 G20 (1230MHz Cable Infrastructure Downmixer Application) VCC = 5VDC, EN = High, TA = 25°C, RF input = 1230MHz at –10dBm, LO input swept from = 1500MHz to 2100MHz, PLO = –10dBm, IF output measured from 270MHz to 870MHz, unless otherwise noted. (Test circuit shown in Figure 3.) Conv Gain, IIP3 and SSB NF vs IF Output Frequency 0 TA = 25°C 16 –20 SSB NF TA = 25°C CONV GAIN –40 –50 TA = 25°C 2 TA = –40°C –60 470 570 770 370 670 IF OUTPUT FREQUENCY (MHz) –70 1500 870 CONV GAIN (dB), IIP3 (dBm), NF (dB) TA = –40°C 14 SSB NF TA = 25°C fLO = 1800MHz fIF = 570MHz 8 CONV GAIN TA = 25°C TA = –40°C 4 TA = 85°C 2 –20 –15 –5 –10 LO INPUT POWER (dBm) 0 5512 G15 TA = 25°C –90 –21 –18 2100 5512 G13 fLO = 1800MHz fIF = 570MHz –15 –12 –9 –6 RF INPUT POWER (dBm) 0 –3 5512 G14 RF, LO and IF Port Return Losses vs Frequency 20 TA = 25°C IIP3 16 1700 1800 1900 2000 LO FREQUENCY (MHz) Conv Gain and IIP3 vs Temperature TA = 85°C 18 1600 5512 G12 Conv Gain, IIP3 and SSB NF vs LO Input Power 20 TA = 85°C –80 0 5.5VDC 18 4.5VDC IIP3 –5 16 IF 14 RETURN LOSS (dB) 270 2RF-LO –70 TA = 85°C 0 CONV GAIN (dB), IIP3 (dBm), NF (dB) –40 –60 LO-RF TA = –40°C 4 6 TA = 25°C –50 6 10 TA = 85°C –30 LO-IF 8 12 TA = –40°C POUT –20 –30 dBm 10 –10 TA = –40°C 14 12 10 –10 TA = 85°C IIP3 18 dBm CONV GAIN (dB), NF (dB), IIP3 (dBm) 20 IF Output Power and 2RF-LO Spur vs RF Input Power LO Leakage vs LO Frequency 5VDC 12 fLO = 1800MHz fIF = 570MHz 10 8 RF –10 LO –15 –20 6 4 –25 CONV GAIN 4.5, 5.0 AND 5.5VDC 2 –50 –35 –20 –5 10 25 40 55 TEMPERATURE (°C) 70 85 5512 G16 –30 0 500 1000 1500 2000 FREQUENCY (MHz) 2500 5512 G17 5512f 5 LT5512 U U U PI FU CTIO S NC (Pins 1, 4, 8, 13, 16): Not connected internally. These pins should be grounded on the circuit board for improved LO to RF and LO to IF isolation. RF +, RF – (Pins 2, 3): Differential Inputs for the RF Signal. These pins must be driven with a differential signal. Each pin must be connected to a DC ground capable of sinking 15mA (30mA total). This DC bias return can be accomplished through the center-tap of a balun, or with shunt inductors. An impedance transformation is required to match the RF input to 50Ω (or 75Ω). EN (Pin 5): Enable Pin. When the input voltage is higher than 3V, the mixer circuits supplied through Pins 6, 7, 10, and 11 are enabled. When the input voltage is less than 0.3V, all circuits are disabled. Typical enable pin input current is 50µA for EN = 5V and 0µA when EN = 0V. VCC1 (Pin 6): Power Supply Pin for the LO Buffer Circuits. Typical current consumption is 22mA. This pin should be externally connected to the other VCC pins, and decoupled with 100pF and 0.01µF capacitors. VCC2 (Pin 7): Power Supply Pin for the Bias Circuits. Typical current consumption is 4mA. This pin should be externally connected to the other VCC pins, and decoupled with 100pF and 0.01µF capacitors. GND (Pins 9 and 12): Ground. These pins are internally connected to the backside ground for better isolation. They should be connected to RF ground on the circuit board, although they are not intended to replace the primary grounding through the backside contact of the package. IF –, IF + (Pins 10, 11): Differential Outputs for the IF Signal. An impedance transformation may be required to match the outputs. These pins must be connected to VCC through impedance matching inductors, RF chokes or a transformer center-tap. LO –, LO + (Pins 14, 15): Differential Inputs for the Local Oscillator Signal. They can also be driven single-ended by connecting one to an RF ground through a DC blocking capacitor. These pins are internally biased to 2V; thus, DC blocking capacitors are required. An impedance transformation is required to match the LO input to 50Ω (or 75Ω). GROUND (Pin 17) (Backside Contact): Circuit Ground Return for the Entire IC. This must be soldered to the printed circuit board ground plane. W BLOCK DIAGRA BACKSIDE GROUND 17 + RF 2 LINEAR AMPLIFIER DOUBLE-BALANCED MIXER 15mA 15mA RF – 3 12 GND 11 IF + 10 IF – 9 GND + LO 15 HIGH-SPEED LO BUFFER LO– 14 BIAS 5 EN 6 VCC1 7 VCC2 5512 BD Figure 1. 5512f 6 LT5512 TEST CIRCUITS C6 LOIN 1500MHz TO 2300MHz C7 RFIN 1700MHz TO 2100MHz 2 C4 RF 4 TL2 0.018" 13 LO– NC GND + IF LT5512 3 3 5 LO + 14 NC TL1 4 DC 15 NC 1 T1 1 0.062" L3 17 16 IF – NC GND EN 6 T2 1 L1 C8 10 IFOUT 170MHz 6 2 C5 4 3 L2 9 NC VCC1 VCC2 5 GND 12 + 11 RF – EN RF GND ER = 4.4 0.018" 7 8 R1 VCC 900MHz MATCHING: T1 = LDB21881M05C-001 C4 = 3.9pF L3 = 22nH C1 C3 C2 GND 5512 F02 REF DES VALUE SIZE PART NUMBER REF DES VALUE SIZE PART NUMBER C1, C5, C6, C7 100pF 0402 Murata GRP1555C1H101J L1, L2 47nH 0402 Coilcraft 0402CS-47NX C2 0.01µF 0402 Murata GRP155R71C103K L3 5.6nH 0402 Toko LL1005-FH5N6 0402 C3 1.0µF 0603 Taiyo Yuden LMK107F105ZA R1 10 C4 1.5pF 0402 Murata GRP1555C1H1R5C T1 2:1 Murata LDB211G9010C-001 C8 6.8pF 0402 Murata GRP1555C1H6R8D T2 8:1 Mini-Circuits TC8-1 TL1, TL2 θ = 8.1° ZO = 72Ω (W = 0.4mm, L = 2mm) Figure 2. Test Schematic for 1900MHz Downconverter (PCS/UMTS Applications) C6 LOIN 1500MHz TO 2100MHz C7 L3 17 16 RFIN 1230MHz 1 T1 2 6 3 TL1 2 C4 3 4 1 5 N/C TL2 4 NC LO + 14 LO– 13 NC NC RF GND + IF LT5512 T2 L1 + 11 GND NC 5 12 C9 C5 IFOUT 270MHz TO 870MHz 6 1 2 10 IF – RF – EN EN 15 C10 3 9 4 L2 VCC1 VCC2 NC 6 7 8 R1 VCC C1 C3 C2 GND 5512 F03 REF DES VALUE SIZE PART NUMBER C1, C5, C6, REF DES VALUE SIZE PART NUMBER L1, L2 12nH 0402 Toko LL1005-FH12N L3 8.2nH 0402 Toko LL1005-FH8N2 0402 C7, C9, C10 100pF 0402 Murata GRP1555C1H101J C2 0.01µF 0402 Murata GRP155R71C103K R1 10 C3 1.0µF 0603 Taiyo Yuden LMK107F105ZA T1 1:1 Murata LDB311G2705C-428 C4 2.7pF 0402 Murata GRP1555C1H2R7C T2 4:1 M/A-COM ETC1.6-4-2-3 TL1, TL2 ZO = 72Ω θ = 5.4° (W = 0.4mm, L = 2.0mm) Figure 3. Test Schematic for 1230MHz Downconverter (Cable Infrastructure Downlink Transmitter Applications) 5512f 7 LT5512 U W U U APPLICATIO S I FOR ATIO The LT5512 consists of a double-balanced mixer, RF buffer amplifier, high-speed limiting LO buffer, and bias/ enable circuits. The RF, LO and IF ports are differential. All three ports can be matched from 1kHz to 3GHz, although the IC has been optimized for downconverter applications where the RF and LO input signals are high frequency and the IF output frequency ranges from 1kHz up to 2GHz. Low side or high side LO injection can be used. RF Input Port The RF input buffer has been designed to simplify impedance matching while improving LO-RF isolation and noise figure. A simplified schematic is shown in Figure 4 with the associated external impedance matching elements for a 1.9GHz application. Each RF input requires a low resistance DC return to ground capable of sinking 15mA. This can be accomplished with the center-tap of a balun as shown in Figure 4, or bias chokes connected from Pins 2 and 3 to ground. differential input impedance up to the desired value for the balun input. The following example shows how to design the low-pass impedance transformation network for the RF input. From Table 1, the differential input impedance at 1900MHz is 20.6 + j22.8. As shown in Figure 5, the 22.8Ω reactance is split, with one half on each side of the 20.6Ω load resistor. The matching network will consist of additional inductance in series with the internal inductance and a capacitor in parallel with the desired 100Ω source impedance. The capacitance (C4) and inductance are calculated as follows. n = RS/RL = 100/20.6 = 4.85 Q = √n – 1 = 1.963 XC = RS/Q = 100/1.963 = 50.9Ω C4 = 1/(ωXc) = 1.6pF (use 1.5pF) XL = (RL • Q) = (20.6 • 1.963) = 40.4Ω XEXT = XL – XINT = 40.4 – 22.8 = 17.6Ω LT5512 VBIAS VCC 15mA 15mA 2 3 TL1 ZO = 72Ω θ = 8.1° AT 1.9GHz TL2 ZO = 72Ω θ = 8.1° AT 1.9GHz C4 1.5pF 1 2 The external inductance is split in half (0.74nH), with each half connected between the pin and the shunt capacitor, as shown in Figure 5. The inductance is implemented with short (2mm) high-impedance printed transmission lines, which yield a compact board layout. Finally, the 2:1balun transforms the 100Ω differential impedance down to a 50Ω single-ended input for the RF signal. Table 1. RF Input Differential Impedance 100Ω 4 LEXT = (XEXT/ω) = 1.47nH 3 5 T1 1:2 RFIN LDB211G9010C-001 50Ω 5512 F04 Figure 4. RF Input with External Matching for a 1.9GHz Application Table 1 lists the differential input impedance and differential reflection coefficient between Pins 2 and 3 for several common RF frequencies. As shown in Figures 4 and 5, low-pass impedance matching is used to transform the Frequency Differential Input (MHz) Impedance Mag Differential S11 Angle 10 18.2 + j0.14 0.467 179.6 44 18.0 + j0.26 0.470 178.6 240 18.1 + j2.8 0.471 172.6 450 18.1 + j5.2 0.473 166.3 950 18.7 + j11.3 0.479 150.8 1900 20.6 + j22.8 0.503 124.3 2150 21.4 + j26.5 0.512 116.9 2450 22.5 + j30.5 0.522 109.2 2700 24.1 + j34.7 0.530 101.7 5512f 8 LT5512 U W U U APPLICATIO S I FOR ATIO 1/2 XEXT 2 RS 100Ω C4 Table 2. LO Input Differential Impedance 1/2 XINT 1/2 XEXT j11.4 RL 20.6Ω 1/2 XINT 3 j11.4 LT5512 Frequency Differential Input Differential S11 (MHz) Impedance Mag Angle 750 263 – j172 0.766 –10.2 1000 213 – j178 0.760 –13.4 1250 175 – j173 0.752 –16.6 1500 146 – j164 0.743 –19.8 1750 125 – j153 0.733 –22.8 2000 108 – j142 0.722 –25.8 2250 95 – j131 0.709 –28.9 2500 86 – j122 0.695 –31.8 2750 78 – j113 0.68 –34.6 5512 F05 Figure 5. 1.9GHz RF Input Matching It is also possible to eliminate the RF balun and drive the RF inputs differentially. In this case, inductors from Pins 2 and 3 to ground would be required to bias the input stage. The value of the inductors should be high enough to avoid reducing the input impedance at the frequency of interest. LO Input Port The LO buffer amplifier consists of high-speed limiting differential amplifiers, designed to drive the mixer quad for high linearity. The LO+ and LO– pins are designed for differential or single-ended drive. An external balun is optional. Both LO pins are internally biased to 2VDC. The LO input has been designed for simple impedance matching for frequencies up to 3GHz. A simplified schematic is shown in Figure 6 with the associated external impedance matching. The matching technique is similar to that described earlier for the RF port, except the match is not nearly as critical. Table 2 lists the differential input impedance and differential reflection coefficient between the LO+ and LO– pins (Pin 15 to Pin 14). As shown, the real part of the series impedance is close to 100Ω. Series inductors (L3, L4) are used to tune out the capacitive portion of the differential impedance. T3 1:2 LDB211G9010C-001 LOIN 50Ω 1 4 LO + 15 Single-ended LO drive can be used if a differential LO source is not available, or the added expense of a LO balun is undesirable. In this case, one LO input is AC-coupled to ground through a 100pf DC blocking capacitor as shown in Figure 7. The other input is matched to 50Ω using a series inductor and a second DC blocking capacitor. The LT5512 is characterized and production tested with singleended LO drive. L3 LOIN 50Ω 2V LO + 15 C6 100pF VCC C7 100pF 14 LO – LT5512 5512 F07 Figure 7. Single-Ended LO Input Matching The differential port impedance listed in Table 2 can be used to compute the value of the series matching inductor, L3. Alternatively, Figure 8 shows measured LO input return loss for various values of L3. 2V L3 C11 VCC 2 5 3 L4 14 LO – LT5512 5512 F06 Figure 6. LO Input with External Matching Elements 5512f 9 LT5512 U W U U APPLICATIO S I FOR ATIO An alternative matching network for a broadband CATV IF (270MHz to 870MHz) is shown in Figure 3. Here, a lowpass impedance transformer consisting of the internal capacitance, with L1 and L2, transforms the 371Ω output resistance at 870MHz to 200Ω. A 4:1 balun then completes the match down to 50Ω. Supply voltage is applied through the center-tap of the transformer. 0 RETURN LOSS (dB) –5 –10 4.7nH 5.6nH 6.8nH –15 –20 8.2nH –25 Table 3. IF Output Differential Impedance (Parallel Equivalent) 10nH –30 0 500 1000 1500 2000 2500 3000 3500 4000 FREQUENCY (MHz) 1573 F08 Figure 8. Single-Ended LO Port Return Loss vs Frequency for Various Values of L3 IF Output Port The IF outputs, IF + and IF –, are internally connected to the collectors of the mixer switching transistors as shown in Figure 9. These differential outputs should be combined externally through an RF balun or 180° hybrid to achieve optimum performance. Both pins must be biased at the supply voltage, which can be applied through matching inductors (see Figure 2), or through the center-tap of an output transformer (see Figure 3). These pins are protected with ESD diodes; the diodes allow peak AC signal swing up to 1.3V above VCC. As shown in Table 3, the IF output differential impedance is approximately 390Ω in parallel with 0.44pF. A simple band-pass IF matching network suitable for wireless applications is shown in Figure 9. Here, L1, L2 and C8 set the desired IF output frequency. The 390Ω differential output can then be applied directly to a differential filter, or an 8:1 balun for impedance transformation down to 50Ω. To achieve maximum linearity, C8 should be located as close as possible to the IF+/IF– pins. Even small amounts of inductance in series with C8 (such as through a via) can significantly degrade IIP3. For high IF frequencies, the value of C8 should be reduced by the value of internal capacitance (see Table␣ 3).This matching network is simple and offers good selectivity for narrow band IF applications. Frequency Differential Output (MHz) Impedance Mag Differential S11 10 396 || – j10k 0.766 0 70 394 || – j5445 0.775 –1.1 170 393 || – j2112 0.774 –2.8 240 392 || – j1507 0.773 –3.9 450 387 || – j798 0.772 –7.3 750 377 || – j478 0.768 –12.2 Angle 860 371 || – j416 0.766 –14.0 1000 363 || – j359 0.762 –16.2 1250 363 || – j295 0.764 –19.6 1500 346 || – j244 0.756 –23.6 1900 317 || – j192 0.743 –29.9 LT5512 11 IF+ L1 400Ω TO VCC DIFFERENTIAL FILTER OR BALUN C8 L2 10 IF– 5512 F09 Figure 9. IF Output Equivalent Circuit with Band-Pass Matching Elements 5512f 10 LT5512 U PACKAGE DESCRIPTIO UF16 Package 16-Lead Plastic QFN (4mm × 4mm) (Reference LTC DWG # 05-08-1692) 0.72 ±0.05 4.35 ± 0.05 2.15 ± 0.05 2.90 ± 0.05 (4 SIDES) PACKAGE OUTLINE 0.30 ±0.05 0.65 BCS RECOMMENDED SOLDER PAD PITCH AND DIMENSIONS BOTTOM VIEW—EXPOSED PAD 4.00 ± 0.10 (4 SIDES) 0.75 ± 0.05 R = 0.115 TYP 0.55 ± 0.20 15 16 PIN 1 1 2.15 ± 0.10 (4-SIDES) 2 (UF) QFN 0102 0.200 REF 0.00 – 0.05 0.30 ± 0.05 0.65 BSC NOTE: 1. DRAWING CONFORMS TO JEDEC PACKAGE OUTLINE MO-220 VARIATION (WGGC) 2. ALL DIMENSIONS ARE IN MILLIMETERS 3. DIMENSIONS OF EXPOSED PAD ON BOTTOM OF PACKAGE DO NOT INCLUDE MOLD FLASH. MOLD FLASH, IF PRESENT, SHALL NOT EXCEED 0.15mm ON ANY SIDE 4. EXPOSED PAD SHALL BE SOLDER PLATED 5512f Information furnished by Linear Technology Corporation is believed to be accurate and reliable. However, no responsibility is assumed for its use. Linear Technology Corporation makes no representation that the interconnection of its circuits as described herein will not infringe on existing patent rights. 11 LT5512 U W U U APPLICATIO S I FOR ATIO 5512 F10b 5512 F10a Figure 10. 1900MHz Evaluation Board Layout 5512 F11 Figure 11. 1230MHz Cable Infrastructure Evaluation Board Layout (Wide Output Range Down-Converting Mixer for Downlink Transmitter) RELATED PARTS PART NUMBER DESCRIPTION COMMENTS LT5502 400MHz Quadrature Demodulator with RSSI 1.8V to 5.25V Supply, 70MHz to 400MHz IF, 84dB Limiting Gain, 90db RSSI Range LT5504 800MHz to 2.7GHz RF Measuring Receiver 80dB Dynamic Range, Temperature Compensated, 2.7V to 5.5V Supply LTC5505 300MHz to 3.5GHz RF Power Detector >40dB Dynamic Range, Temperature Compensated, 2.7V to 6V Supply LT5506 500MHz Quadrature IF Demodulator with VGA 1.8V to 5.25V Supply, 40MHz to 500MHz IF, –4dB to 57dB Linear Power Gain LTC5507 100kHz to 1GHz RF Power Detector 48dB Dynamic Range, Temperature Compensated, 2.7V to 6V Supply LTC5508 300MHz to 7GHz RF Power Detector 44dB Dynamic Range, Temperature Compensated, SC70 Package LTC5509 300MHz to 3GHz RF Power Detector 36dB Dynamic Range, SC70 Package LT5511 High Signal Level Up Converting Mixer RF Output to 3GHz, 17dBm IIP3, Integrated LO Buffer LT5515 1.5GHz to 2.5GHz Direct Conversion Quadrature Demodulator 20dBm IIP3, Integrated LO Quadrature Generator LT5516 0.8GHz to 1.5GHz Direct Conversion Quadrature Demodulator 21.5dBm IIP3, Integrated LO Quadrature Generator LT5522 600MHz to 2.7GHz Down Converting Mixer 25dBm IIP3, 50Ω Single-Ended RF and LO Ports LTC5532 300MHz to 7GHz Precision RF Power Detector Precision VOUT Offset Control, Adjustable Gain and Offset Voltage 5512f 12 Linear Technology Corporation LT/TP 1103 1K • PRINTED IN USA 1630 McCarthy Blvd., Milpitas, CA 95035-7417 (408) 432-1900 ● FAX: (408) 434-0507 ● www.linear.com LINEAR TECHNOLOGY CORPORATION 2002