Order this document by MC44864/D ! ! # $ " ! ! The MC44864 is a tuning circuit for TV applications. This device contains a PLL section and a DAC section and is MCU controlled through an I2C Bus. The PLL section contains all the functions required to control the VCO of a TV tuner. The IC generates the tuning voltage and the additional control signals, such as band switching voltages. The D/A section generates three additional varactor voltages to feed all of the varactors of the tuner with individually optimized control voltages (automatic tuner adjustment). The MC44864 is manufactured on a single silicon chip using Motorola’s high density bipolar process, MOSIAC (Motorola Oxide Self–Aligned Implanted Circuits). • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • PLL TUNING CIRCUIT WITH 1.3 GHz PRESCALER AND D/A CONVERTERS SEMICONDUCTOR TECHNICAL DATA Complete Single Chip System for MPU Control Selectable ÷8 Prescaler Accepts Frequencies up to 1.3 GHz 15 Bit Programmable Divider Accepts Input Frequencies up to 165 MHz 20 Programmable Reference Divider 1 3–State Phase/Frequency Comparator Operational Amplifier for Direct Varactor Control with Low Saturation Voltage Four Output Buffers (15 mA) M SUFFIX PLASTIC PACKAGE CASE 967 (EIAJ–20) Output Options for 62.5 kHz, Reference Frequency and the Programmable Divider The HF Input is Symmetrical Three 6 Bit DACs for Automatic Tuner Adjustment Allowing Use of Non–Matched Varactors Better Tuner Performances Through Optimum Filter Response I2C Bus Controlled PIN CONNECTIONS XTAL 1 20 Gnd Four Chip Addresses for the PLL Section PHO 2 19 SDA Four Chip Addresses for the D/A Section Amp In 3 18 SCL VCC2 VTUN DA1 4 17 B7 16 B5 DA2 7 15 B3 14 B1 DA3 8 13 CA VCC1 9 12 Gnd HF1 10 11 HF2 ESD Protected to MIL–STD–883C, Method 3015.7 (2,000 V, 1.5 kΩ, 150 pF) MOSAIC is a trademark of Motorola, Inc. MAXIMUM RATINGS (TA = 25°C, unless otherwise noted.) Rating Power Supply Voltage (VCC1) Pin Value Unit 9 6.0 V Band Buffer “Off” Voltage 14 – 17 15 V Band Buffer “On” Current 14 – 17 20 mA 4 36 V 5–8 Continuous S Storage Temperature – – 65 to +150 °C Operating Temperature Range – 0 to +70 °C Operational Amplifier Power Supply Voltage (VCC2) Operational Amplifier Short Circuit Duration (0 to VCC2) NOTE: ESD data available upon request. 5 6 (Top View) ORDERING INFORMATION Device MC44864M Operating Temperature Range Package TA = 0° to +70°C EIAJ–20 Motorola, Inc. 1996 MOTOROLA ANALOG IC DEVICE DATA Rev 2 1 MC44864 Representative Block Diagram B7 B5 B3 B1 17 16 15 14 B7 B5 B3 DA3 DA2 8 Amp 4 B1 DA1 7 Amp 3 VCC2 33 V 4 VTUN 5 6 Amp 2 Amp 1 Buffers Bias Test Logic Fout VCC1 5.0 V 9 D/A 3 6 Bit D/A 2 6 Bit D/A 1 6 Bit Ref Voltage Latches Latches Latches Latches 2 Fref Decoder Phase Comp Shift Register 8 Bit Fout SCL SDA Gnd PHO F1 DTC CA 3 Amp In Fref 13 DTB Latches Ref Divider FUN 18 CL I2C Bus Receiver Data 19 F1 62.5 kHz Shift Register 15 Bit 4.0 MHz Osc AD1 AD2 12 DTF 1 20 Latches A XTAL Gnd TDI Latches B HF1 HF2 10 Preamp 1 ÷8 Presc 11 Program Divider 15 Bit Fout Latch Control AVA Preamp 2 This device contains 3,551 active transistors. 2 MOTOROLA ANALOG IC DEVICE DATA MC44864 ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS (VCC1 = 5.0 V, VCC2 = 32 V, TA = 25°C, unless otherwise noted.) Characteristic Pin Min Typ Max Unit VCC1 Supply Voltage Range 9 4.5 5.0 5.5 V VCC1 Supply Current (VCC1 = 5.0 V)(1)(2) 9 – 50 70 mA VCC2 Supply Voltage Range 4 25 30 35 V mA 4 – 1.3 2.5(4) Band Buffer Leakage Current when “Off” at 12 V 14 – 17 – 0.01 1.0 µA Band Buffer Saturation Voltage when “On” at 15 mA 14 – 17 – 1.8 2.0 V Data/Clock Current at 0 V VCC2 Supply Current (Output Open) 18, 19 –10 – 0 µA Clock Current at 5.0 V 18 0 – 1.0 µA Data Current at 5.0 V Acknowledge “Off” 19 0 – 1.0 µA Data Saturation Voltage at 15 mA Acknowledge “On” 19 – 1.2 – V Data/Clock Input Voltage Low 18, 19 – – 1.5 V Data/Clock Input Voltage High 18, 19 3.0 – – V 18 – – 100 kHz Clock Frequency Range Phase Detector Current in High Impedance State 2 –15 – 15 nA 1, 2 3.5 4.0 4.1 MHz Phase Detector High–State Source Current (@ 1.5 V) 2 –2.5 – –0.5 mA Phase Detector Low–State Sink Current (@ 4.0 V) 2 0.5 – 2.5 mA Operational Amplifier Internal Reference Voltage – 2.0 2.5 3.0 V Operational Amplifier Input Current 3 –15 – 15 nA DC Open Loop Gain – 2000 – – V/V Gain Bandwidth Product – – 0.2 – MHz Oscillator Frequency Range Phase Margin – – 50 – Deg. Vout Low, Sinking 50 µA 6–8 – 0.2 0.5 V Vout High, Sourcing 50 µA (VCC2 – Vout High) 6–8 – – 1.5 V Tuning Voltage (DC) 5–8 – – 30 V D/A Converters Step Size(3) 6–8 0.5 – 1.5 LSB D/A Converters Temperature Drift 6–8 – 1.0 – LSB DAC Offset at VTUN = 2.5 V – –50 – 50 mV DAC Offset at VTUN = 25 V – –700 – 700 mV 6–8 – – 33 V DAC Voltages (DC) NOTES: 1. When prescaler “Off”, typical supply current is decreased by 10 mA. 2. Band Buffers “Off”, 2.4 mA more when one buffer is on. 3. For definition of the LSB, see Figure 9 in the D/A section. 4. 2.5 mA as long as the analog outputs are not in saturation high, which means VTUN, VDAC (Pins 5, 6, 7, 8) lower than VCC2 – 1.5 V. When all outputs are in saturation high the maximum VCC2 current is 5.0 mA. MOTOROLA ANALOG IC DEVICE DATA 3 MC44864 HF CHARACTERISTICS (See Figure 1) Pin Min Typ Max Unit DC Bias 10, 11 – 1.55 – V Input Voltage Range 10–150 MHz (Prescaler “Off”) 80–1000 MHz 1000–1300 MHz 10, 11 10, 11 10, 11 20 20 50 – – – 315 315 315 Characteristic mVrms Figure 1. HF Sensitivity Test Circuit ÇÇÇÇÇÇÇÇÇÇÇÇ ÇÇÇÇÇÇÇÇÇÇÇÇ I2C Bus Bus Controller +5.0 V 12 V 18, 19 VCC1 9 3.9 k MC44864 11 10 12 1 17 B7 In Frequency Counter HF Generator HF Out 1.0 nF Gnd 1.0 nF 22 pF 50 Ω Cable 4.0 MHz 50 Ω Device is in test mode: B7 is “On”, R2 = 1 and R3 = 0 (see Bus section). Sensitivity is the level of the HF generator on 50 Ω load (without MC44864 load). Figure 2. Typical HF Input Impedance –j +j 0 0.5 0.5 0.5 ZO = 50 Ω 1.3 GHz 1 1 1 1.0 GHz 2 2 2 500 MHz 50 MHz 4 MOTOROLA ANALOG IC DEVICE DATA MC44864 PIN FUNCTION DESCRIPTION Pin 6, 7, 8 9 Symbol Description DA1, DA2, DA3 D/A output control voltages VCC1 Positive supply of the circuit (except DACs) 10, 11 HF1, HF2 HF input from local oscillator 12, 20 Gnd Ground 13 CA Chip Address 14, 15, 16, 17 B1, B3, B5, B7 Band buffer output can drive 15 mA 18 SCL Clock input (supplied by the microprocessor via Bus) 19 SDA Data input (bus) 1 XTAL Crystal oscillator (typically 4.0 MHz) 2 PHO Phase comparator output 3 Amp In Negative operational amplifier input 4 VCC2 Operational amplifier positive supply 5 VTUN Operational amplifier output which provides the tuning voltage MOTOROLA ANALOG IC DEVICE DATA 5 MC44864 Figure 3. Pin Circuit Schematic 20 V 20 V DA1 6 VTUN 5 Amp Out Amp Out 20 V DA2 7 VCC2 4 20 V Amp Out IB Comp 600 k DA3 8 Amp In 3 10 k 20 V 5.5 V 20 V VCC1 9 PHO 2 5.5 V VCC1 20 V 5.5 V HF1 10 10 k VCC1 1.0 k 5.5 V 20 V XTAL 1 5.5 V 5.5 V 1.0 k 1.0 k 20 k HF2 11 20 V 2.0 k 1.5 k 100 Gnd 20 50 SDA 19 VCC1 5.5 V 2.0 k 1.1 mA Gnd 12 100 k 0.4 mA 130 k VCC1 5.0 µA VCC1 25 k 20 V ACK 40 k 150 k 500 10 k CA 13 20 k 20 V 50 k B1 14 20 V B3 15 20 V 100 k 15 k SCL 18 Buffer B7 17 Buffer B5 16 VCC1 2.5 k Buffer On/Off Buffer 6 MOTOROLA ANALOG IC DEVICE DATA MC44864 FUNCTIONAL DESCRIPTION optimum value of the other varactor voltages. The digital word for each voltage value is stored in a nonvolatile memory (NVM). Hence, for each frequency point to be adjusted, three times 6 bits of information have to be stored (plus 2 bits for the DAC range). The information stored in the NVM reflects the characteristic of the individual tuner. For this reason, the NVM is preferably situated inside the tuner and is also controlled by the I2C Bus. A representative block diagram and a typical system application are shown in Figures 4 and 5. A discussion of the features and function of the internal blocks is given below. Automatic Tuner Alignment The circuit generates the tuning voltage through the PLL. The output voltages of the D/A converters are equal to the tuning voltage plus a positive or negative offset of up to 31 steps. During the automatic alignment one first lets the PLL lock to the appropriate frequency and then searches for the Figure 4. Block Diagram DA3 DA2 DA1 VTUN 1.0 n 1.0 n 1.0 n 39 n 180 n 18 k 1.0 n Bands and Controls Out 17 16 15 B7 B5 B3 8 14 7 Amp 4 B1 6 Amp 3 VCC2 33 V 4 5 Amp 2 Amp 3 In Amp 1 Buffers Bias 10 k Test Logic Fout VCC1 5.0 V 9 D/A 3 6 Bit D/A 2 6 Bit D/A 1 6 Bit Ref Voltage Latches Latches Latches Latches 1.0 n 10 k 2 Fref PHO F1 Decoder Phase Comp Shift Register 8 Bit DTC 10 k Fout (1) 15 k CA 13 DTB SCL SDA Gnd Fref Latches Ref Divider FUN 18 CL I2C Bus Receiver 19 Data F1 62.5 kHz Shift Register 15 Bit 4.0 MHz Osc AD1 AD2 12 DTF 1 XTAL 20 Gnd (2) Latches A TDI Latches B HF1 HF2 10 Preamp 1 ÷8 Presc 11 Program Divider 15 Bit Fout Latch Control AVA Preamp 2 NOTES: 1. Pin 13: Short to VCC Resistors ±10% Open or 1.0 nF to Gnd Short to Gnd for addresses CC, CE for addresses C8, CA (values 10 k and 15 k) for test only for addresses C4, C6 for addresses C0, C2 2. The crystal may be connected to Pin 20 with no connection to external Gnd. MOTOROLA ANALOG IC DEVICE DATA 7 MC44864 Figure 5. TV Tuner for Automatic Alignment IF 12 V VCC3 UHF VHF BIII Band Buffers AGC Filter 33 V VCC2 Mixer Filter 5.0 V VCC1 Antenna MC44864 PLL–D/A IC HF Input DA3 SDA Data XTAL Local Oscillator SCL Clock VTUN Amp In D–to–A Converters Phase Cmp DA1 DA2 NVM Figure 6. Definition of Bytes ÉÉÉÉÉÉÉÉÉÉÉÉÉÉÉÉÉÉÉÉÉÉÉ ÉÉÉÉÉÉÉÉÉÉÉÉÉÉÉÉÉÉÉÉÉÉÉ ÉÉÉÉÉÉÉÉÉÉÉÉÉÉÉÉÉÉÉÉÉÉÉ ÉÉÉÉÉÉÉÉÉÉÉÉÉÉÉÉÉÉÉÉÉÉÉ CA1_PLL Chip Address CO_Control Information BA_Band Information FM_Frequency Information (with MSB) FL_Frequency Information (with LSB) 1 1 0 0 A3 A2 A1 A0 = 0 ACK 1 R6 T P R3 R2 R1 R0 ACK B7 X B5 X B3 X B1 X ACK 0 N14 N13 N12 N11 N10 N9 N8 ACK N7 N6 N5 N4 N3 N2 N1 N0 ACK Chip Addresses The chip address is programmable by Pin CA. The PLL addresses C0, C2, C4, C6 are officially allocated to PLL–IC’s. The addresses C8, CA, CC, CE are not officially allocated. Care has to be taken in the application that no conflict occurs with other devices on the same I2C Bus when using the addresses C8 to CE. CA Pin (13) A3 A2 A1 A0 Address Function –0.04 VCC1 to 0.1 VCC1 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 C0 C2 1st PLL 1st DAC Open or 0.2 VCC1 to 0.3 VCC1 0 0 1 1 0 1 0 0 C4 C6 2nd PLL 2nd DAC 0.42 VCC1 to 0.75 VCC1 1 1 0 0 0 1 0 0 C8 CA 3rd PLL 3rd DAC 0.9 VCC1 to 1.2 VCC1 1 1 1 1 0 1 0 0 CC CE 4th PLL 4th DAC 8 PLL SECTION Data Format and Bus Receiver The circuit receives the information for tuning and control via I2C Bus. The incoming information is treated in the bus receiver. The definition of the permissible bus protocol is shown in the four examples below: Ex. 1 STA CA1 CO BA STO Ex. 2 STA CA1 FM FL STO Ex. 3 STA CA1 CO BA FM FL STO Ex. 4 STA CA1 FM FL CO BA STO STA = Start Condition STO = Stop Condition CA1 = Chip Address Byte of the PLL Section CO = Data Byte for Control Information BA = Band Information FM = Data Byte for Frequency Information (MSB’s) FL = Data Byte for Frequency Information (LSB’s) Figure 6 shows the five bytes of information that are needed for circuit operation: there is a chip address, two bytes of control and band information and two bytes of frequency information. MOTOROLA ANALOG IC DEVICE DATA MC44864 After the chip address, two or four data bytes may be received: if three data bytes are received, the third data byte is ignored. If five or more data bytes are received, the fifth and following data bytes are ignored and the last acknowledge pulse is sent at the end of the fourth data byte. The first and the third data bytes contain a function bit F. If the function bit F= 0, frequency information is acknowledged and if F = 1, control/band information is acknowledged. If the address is correct (signal AD1) the information is loaded into latches. A function bit in the first and third data byte is used to pass this data either into the latches of the programmable divider (signal DTF) or into the latches for band and control information (signal DTB). The data transfer to the latches (signals DTF and DTB) is initiated after the 2nd and 4th data bytes. A second string of latches is used for the data transfer into the programmable divider to inhibit the transfer during the preset operation (signal TDI, signal AVA is an internal “address valid” command). The switching levels of clock and data (Pins 18 and 19) are 0.5 x VCC1. The control and band information bits have the following functions. Bits R0, R1: Controls Reference Divider Division Ratio R0 R1 Division Ratio 0 1 0 1 0 0 1 1 2048 1024 512 256 Bits R2, R3: Switches Internal Signals to the Buffer Outputs R2 R3 Pin 16 Pin 17 0 0 1 1 0 1 0 1 – 62.5 kHz Fref – – – FBY2 – Bit B5 has to be “one” when Pin 16 is used to output 62.5 kHz. Bits B5 and B7 have to be “one” to output Fref and FBY2. FBY2 is the programmable divider output frequency divided by two. Bits R2, R6, T: Controls the Phase Comparator Output Stage R2 R6 T 0 0 0 0 1 1 1 1 0 0 1 1 0 0 1 1 0 1 0 1 0 1 0 1 Output State Normal Operation “Off” (High Impedance) High Low Normal Operation “Off” Normal Operation “Off” The Band Buffers The band buffers are open collector transistors and are active “low” at Bn = 1. They are designed for 15 mA with typical on–voltage of 1.8 V. These buffers are designed to withstand relative high output voltage in the off–state (15 V). B5 and B7 buffers (Pins 16 and 17) may also be used to output internal IC signals (reference frequency and programmable divider output frequency divided by 2) for test purposes. MOTOROLA ANALOG IC DEVICE DATA Buffer B5 may also be used to output a 62.5 kHz frequency from an intermediate stage of the reference divider. The bits B5 and B7 have to be “one” if the buffers are used for these additional functions. The Programmable Divider The programmable divider is a presettable down counter. When it has counted to zero it takes its required division ratio out of the latches B. Latches B are loaded from latches A by means of signal TDI which is synchronous to the programmable divider output signal. Since latches A receive the data asynchronously with the programmable divider, this double latch scheme is needed to assure correct data transfer to the counter. The division ratio definition is given by: N = 16384 x N14 + 8192 x N13 + … + 4 x N2 + 2 x N1 + N0 Maximum Ratio 32767 Minimum Ratio 256 where N0 … N14 are the different bits for frequency information. The counter reloads correctly as long as its output frequency does not exceed 1.0 MHz. Division ratios of < 256 are not allowed. At power–up the counter bit N8 is preset to “1”. All other bits are undetermined. In this way, the counter always starts with a division ratio of 256 or higher. The data transfer between latches A and B (signal TDI) is also initiated by any start condition on the bus. At power–on the whole bus receiver is reset and the programmable divider is set to a counting ratio of N = 256 or higher. The Prescaler The prescaler has a preamplifier and may be bypassed (Bit P). The signal then passes through preamplifier 2. The table on the following page shows the frequency ranges which may be synthesized with and without prescaler. The Phase Comparator The phase comparator is phase and frequency sensitive and has very low output leakage current in the high impedance state. The Operational Amplifier The operational amplifier for the tuning voltage is designed for low noise, low input bias current and high power supply rejection. The positive input is biased internally. The operational amplifier needs 30 V supply (VCC2) as minimum voltage for a guaranteed maximum tuning voltage of 28.5 V. Figure 4 shows the usual filter arrangement. The component values depend very much on the application (tuner characteristic, reference frequency, etc.). As a starting point for optimization, the component values in Figure 4 may be used for 7.8125 kHz reference frequency in a multiband TV tuner. The Oscillator The oscillator uses a 4.0 MHz crystal tied to ground in series with a capacitor. The crystal operates in the series resonance mode. The crystal is driven through a 1.6 kΩ resistor on chip. The voltage at Pin 16 “crystal”, has low amplitude and low harmonic distortion. The negative resistance of the oscillator at Pin 1 (XTAL) is about 3.0 kΩ. 9 MC44864 With Int. Prescaler P=0 Without Prescaler P=1 Input Data R0 R1 Reff Divider Ref. R Di id Div. Ratio Reff Freq. Freq Ref. R F Hz(1) Frequency Steps kHz Max Input Max. Freq. MHz Frequency Steps kHz Max Imput Max. Freq. MHz 0 1 0 1 0 0 1 1 2048 1024 512 256 1953.125 3906.25 7812.5 15625.0 15.625 31.25 62.5 125.0 512 1024 1300(2) 1300(2) 1.953125 3.90625 7.8125 15.625 64 128 165(3) 165(3) NOTES: 1. With 4.0 MHz Crystal 2. Limit of Prescaler 3. Limit of Programmable Divider For satellite tuner applications the circuit may be used with an external /4 prescaler and a reference divider ration of 1024 (R0 = 1, R1 = 0). In this way, frequencies up to 4.0 GHz can be synthesized with 125 kHz resolution (4.0 MHz crystal). The same result can be achieved with an external /32 prescaler when the internal prescaler is bypassed (P = 1). C3 contain the address for the individual converter and the 6 bits to be converted. Bit D5 is the sign (log “1” for positive offset, log “0” for negative offset) and the bits D0 to D4 determine the number of steps to be made as an offset from the tuning voltage. The bits S0 and S1 in the data byte RA define the step size (Vstep) and the range of the converters (see Figures 8 and 9). The range is the same for all converters. After the chip address (CA2) is acknowledged, up to four data bytes may be received by the IC. If more than four bytes are received, the fifth and following bytes are ignored and the last acknowledge pulse is sent after the fourth data byte. The data transfer to the converters (signal DTC) is initiated each time a complete data byte is received. The following shows some examples of the permissible bus protocols of the D–to–A section. The data bytes may be sent to the IC in random order with up to four in one sequence. The same converter may be loaded up to four times as shown in example 6. Below are 6 examples of permissible bus protocols. The Reference Divider The reference divider of the MC44864 is programmable (Bits R0 and R1) for ratios of 2048, 1024, 512 and 256. This feature makes the circuit versatile. Bit P: Controls the Prescaler P 0 1 Prescaler Function Prescaler Active Prescaler Bypassed Prescaler Power Supply “Off” Bits B1, B3, B5, B7: Controls the Band Buffers B1, B3, B5, B7 = 0 B0, B1, B, B73 = 1 Buffer “Off” Buffer “On” D/A SECTION Basic Function The D/A section has four separate chip addresses from the PLL section. Three D–to–A converters that have a resolution of 6 bits (5 bits plus sign) are on chip. The analog output voltages are dc. The converters are buffered to the analog outputs DA1, DA2 and DA3 by operational amplifiers with an output voltage range that is equal to the tuning voltage range (about 0 to 30 V). The operational amplifiers are arranged such that a positive or negative offset can be generated from the tuning voltage. Ex. 1 Ex. 2 Ex. 3 Ex. 4 Ex. 5 Ex. 6 STA STA STA STA STA STA CA2 CA2 CA2 CA2 CA2 CA2 C1 C1 C1 C1 RA C1 STO C2 C2 C2 C1 C1 STO C3 C3 C2 C1 STO RA STO C3 STO C1 STO STA = Start Condition STO = Stop Condition CA2 = Chip Address Byte for D/A Section C1, C2, C3 = Data Bytes for D/A Converters RA = Data Byte for Range Data Format and Bus Protocols The D–to–A information consists of the D/A chip address (CA2) and four data bytes. The first two bits of the data bytes are used as the function address. Thus the bytes C1, C2 and Figure 7. Definition of Bytes CA2_D/A Chip Address C1_Converter 1 C2_Converter 2 C3_Converter 3 RA_Range Selection 10 ÉÉÉÉÉÉÉÉÉÉÉÉÉÉÉÉÉÉÉÉÉÉÉ ÉÉÉÉÉÉÉÉÉÉÉÉÉÉÉÉÉÉÉÉÉÉÉ ÉÉÉÉÉÉÉÉÉÉÉÉÉÉÉÉÉÉÉÉÉÉÉ ÉÉÉÉÉÉÉÉÉÉÉÉÉÉÉÉÉÉÉÉÉÉÉ ÉÉÉÉÉÉÉÉÉÉÉÉÉÉÉÉÉÉÉÉÉÉÉ ÉÉÉÉÉÉÉÉÉÉÉÉÉÉÉÉÉÉÉÉÉÉÉ ÉÉÉÉÉÉÉÉÉÉÉÉÉÉÉÉÉÉÉÉÉÉÉ ÉÉÉÉÉÉÉÉÉÉÉÉÉÉÉÉÉÉÉÉÉÉÉ 1 1 0 0 A2 A1 A0 = 0 ACK 0 0 D5 D4 D3 D2 D1 D0 ACK 0 1 D5 D4 D3 D2 D1 D0 ACK 1 0 D5 D4 D3 D2 D1 D0 ACK 1 1 X X X X S1 S0 ACK MOTOROLA ANALOG IC DEVICE DATA MC44864 Figure 8. Output Voltage (D/A Converters) VDA = VTUN ± Vstep (D0 +2 D1 +4 D2 +8 D3 + 16 D4) D5 = 1 positive sign; D5 = 0 negative sign VTUN: Tuning Voltage set by PLL Vstep: Voltage Step (LSB) of the D/A Converters Figure 9. Range Selection of the D/A Converters Input Data S0 S1 Typ. Step Size Vstep 0 1 0 1 0 0 1 1 225 mV 125 mV 70 mV 40 mV Guaranteed Range 31 Steps 6.25 V 3.40 V 1.90 V 1.05 V The D/A Converters The D/A converters convert 5 bit into analog current of which the polarity is switched by the sixth bit. The reference voltage of the converters is programmed by two bits (S0, S1 of the RA–byte) to determine the scaling factor. The analog currents are then converted into voltages and added to their respective operational amplifier nominal bias. The resulting voltages at Pins 6, 7 and 8 are the tuning voltages (VTUN, see Figure 4) at Pin 5 plus any offset provided by information in the D/A converters. If the data bits D0 to D4 are all “0”, the three D/A output voltages on Pins 6, 7 and 8 are equal to the tuning voltage (Pin 5) within the DAC offset voltages. The four amplifiers have the same output characteristics with the maximum output voltage being 1.5 V lower than VCC2 in the worst case. The four analog outputs are short–circuit protected. At power–up, the D/A outputs are undetermined. The D/A converters are guaranteed to be monotonic with a voltage step variation of ±0.5 LSB. The D/A converters work correctly as long as the PLL loop is active. VTUN is then between 0.3 V and VCC2 – 1.5 V. If the loop saturates, the DACs do not work. The DAC–OFFSET is defined as the difference between the DAC output voltage (with bits D0 to D4 = 0) and the tuning voltage (PLL active). The DAC operation is guaranteed from 0.3 V to VCC2 – 1.5 V. On typical samples, the DACs will operate down to 0.2 V. Figure 10. Definition of DAC Offset DAC Offset (VDAC – VTUN) ±700 mVmax ±50 mVmax 10 MOTOROLA ANALOG IC DEVICE DATA 20 30 V VTUN 11 MC44864 OUTLINE DIMENSIONS M SUFFIX PLASTIC PACKAGE CASE 967–01 (EIAJ–20) ISSUE O 20 NOTES: 1 DIMENSIONING AND TOLERANCING PER ANSI Y14.5M, 1982. 2 CONTROLLING DIMENSION: MILLIMETER. 3 DIMENSIONS D AND E DO NOT INCLUDE MOLD FLASH OR PROTRUSIONS AND ARE MEASURED AT THE PARTING LINE. MOLD FLASH OR PROTRUSIONS SHALL NOT EXCEED 0.15 (0.006) PER SIDE. 4 TERMINAL NUMBERS ARE SHOWN FOR REFERENCE ONLY. 5 THE LEAD WIDTH DIMENSION (b) DOES NOT INCLUDE DAMBAR PROTRUSION. ALLOWABLE DAMBAR PROTRUSION SHALL BE 0.08 (0.003) TOTAL IN EXCESS OF THE LEAD WIDTH DIMENSION AT MAXIMUM MATERIAL CONDITION. DAMBAR CANNOT BE LOCATED ON THE LOWER RADIUS OR THE FOOT. MINIMUM SPACE BETWEEN PROTRUSIONS AND ADJACENT LEAD TO BE 0.46 ( 0.018). LE 11 Q1 M_ E HE 1 L 10 DETAIL P Z D VIEW P e A c A1 b 0.13 (0.005) 0.10 (0.004) M DIM A A1 b c D E e HE L LE M Q1 Z MILLIMETERS MIN MAX ––– 2.05 0.05 0.20 0.35 0.50 0.18 0.27 12.35 12.80 5.10 5.45 1.27 BSC 7.40 8.20 0.50 0.85 1.10 1.50 10 _ 0_ 0.70 0.90 ––– 0.81 INCHES MIN MAX ––– 0.081 0.002 0.008 0.014 0.020 0.007 0.011 0.486 0.504 0.201 0.215 0.050 BSC 0.291 0.323 0.020 0.033 0.043 0.059 10 _ 0_ 0.028 0.035 ––– 0.032 Motorola reserves the right to make changes without further notice to any products herein. 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How to reach us: USA / EUROPE / Locations Not Listed: Motorola Literature Distribution; P.O. Box 20912; Phoenix, Arizona 85036. 1–800–441–2447 or 602–303–5454 JAPAN: Nippon Motorola Ltd.; Tatsumi–SPD–JLDC, 6F Seibu–Butsuryu–Center, 3–14–2 Tatsumi Koto–Ku, Tokyo 135, Japan. 03–81–3521–8315 MFAX: [email protected] – TOUCHTONE 602–244–6609 INTERNET: http://Design–NET.com ASIA/PACIFIC: Motorola Semiconductors H.K. Ltd.; 8B Tai Ping Industrial Park, 51 Ting Kok Road, Tai Po, N.T., Hong Kong. 852–26629298 12 ◊ MOTOROLA ANALOG IC DEVICE DATA *MC44864/D* MC44864/D