2.6 MBit Dynamic Sequential Access Memory for Television Applications (TV-SAM) SDA 9253 Preliminary Data CMOS IC Features ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● 212 × 64 × 16 × 12-bit organization Triple port architecture One 16 × 12-bit input shift register Two 16 × 12-bit output shift registers Shift registers independently and simultaneously accessible Continuous data flow even at maximum speed 40-MHz shift rate – 0.96-Gbit/s total data rate All inputs and outputs TTL-compatible Tristate outputs Random access of groups of 16 × 12 bits for a wide range of applications Refresh-free operation possible 5 V ± 10 % power supply 0 … 70 °C operating temperature range Low power dissipation: 700 mW active, 28 mW standby Suitable for all common TV standards Allows flicker and noise reduction simultaneously with only one field memory Applications: TV, VCR, image processing, video printers, data compressors, delay lines, time base correctors, HDTV P-MQFP-64-1 Type Ordering Code Package SDA 9253 Q67101-H5171 P-MQFP-64-1 Semiconductor Group 1 1998-01-30 SDA 9253 Functional Description The SDA 9253 is a triple port 2605056 bit dynamic sequential-access memory for high-data-rate video applications. It is organized as 212 rows by 64 columns by 16 arrays by 12 bit to allow for the storage of 12-bit planes of a TV field (NTSC, PAL, SECAM, MAC) in standard or studio quality (13.5-MHz basic sample rate) or 12-bit planes of parts of a HDTV field. The memory is fabricated using the same CMOS technology used for 4-Mbit standard dynamic random access memories. The extremely high maximum data rate is achieved by three internal shift registers, each of 16-bit length and 12-bit width, which perform a serial to parallel conversion between the asynchronous input/output data streams and the memory array. The parallel data transfer from the 16 × 12-bit input shift register C to an addressed location of the memory array and from the memory array to one of the 16 × 12-bit output shift registers A or B is controlled by the serial row-(SAR) and column address (SAC) which contains the desired column address and an instruction code (mode bits) for transfer and refresh. Circuit Description Memory Architecture As shown in the block diagram, the TV-SAM comprises 192 memory arrays, which are accessed in parallel. Each memory array has a size of 212 rows by 64 columns. The rows and columns of the 192 arrays can be randomly addressed, reading or writing 16 × 12 bits at a time. To obtain the extremely high data rate at the 12-bit wide data input (SDC) and outputs (SQA, SQB), a parallel to serial conversion is done using shift registers of 16-bit length and 12-bit width. In this way the memory speed is increased by a factor of 16. (This is independent on the number of ports if the total data rate is regarded.) Independent operation of the serial input and the two serial outputs is guaranteed by using three shift registers. The decoupling from the common 16 × 12-bit memory data bus is done by three latches which allow a flexible memory timing and a flying real-time data transfer. A real-time data transfer is necessary to ensure a continuous data flow at the data pins even at maximum clock speed. To save pins without loosing speed, the TV-SAM is addressed serially using a serial 8-bit row address and a serial 8-bit column address which includes two mode control bits. The serial row and column addresses are converted to parallel addresses internally, then latched and fed to the row and column decoders. The internal memory controller is responsible for the timing of the memory read/write access and the refresh operation. Semiconductor Group 2 1998-01-30 SDA 9253 Data Input (SDC, SCB) Data are shifted in through the serial port C (SDC0, …, SDC11) at the rising edge of the shift clock SCB. After 16 clock pulses the data have to be transferred from shift register C to latch C. If more than 16 clock pulses occur before latching the data, only the last sixteen 12-bit data values are accepted. Data Transfer from Shift Register C to Latch C (WT) The contents of the shift register C are transferred to latch C at the falling edge of the write transfer signal WT. If the timing restrictions between WT and the clock SCB are respected, a continuous data flow at input SDC is possible without loosing data. This transfer operation may be asynchronous to all other transfer operations except for a small forbidden window conditioned by the latch C to memory transfer, see diagram 4. Write Transfer from Latch C to Memory (RE) The data of latch C are transferred to the preaddressed location of the memory array at the rising edge of RE, if the mode bits were set to H (M1) and L (M0), see “Addressing and Mode Control.” Addressing and Mode Control (SAR, SAC, SCAD, RE) The serial 8-bit row address SAR and the 8-bit column address/mode code SAC are serially shifted into the TV-SAM (LSB first) at rising edge of the address clock SCAD. After 8 SCAD cycles, the falling edge of RE internally latches SAR and SAC. The column address itself needs only 6 bits. The last 2 bits of SAC are defined as mode bits and determine the read/write and refresh operation of the memory arrays to be triggered by the RE signal. Mode Bit M1 Mode Bit M0 Operation L L Read transfer from memory to latch A L H Read transfer from memory to latch B H L Write transfer from latch C to memory H H Refresh with internal row address Read Transfer from Memory to Latch A or B (RE) Memory data from a preaddressed location are transferred to latch A or B at the falling edge of RE, depending on the mode control bits, see “Addressing and Mode Control”. Data Transfer from Latch A to Shift Register A (RA) The contents of latch A are transferred to shift register A at the falling edge of the read transfer signal RA. If the timing restrictions between RA and the shift clock SCA are taken into account, a continuous data flow at output SQA without interrupts is possible. This transfer operation is independent on all other transfer operations except for a small forbidden time window conditioned by the memory to latch A transfer. Semiconductor Group 3 1998-01-30 SDA 9253 Data Transfer from Latch B to Shift Register B (RB) The contents of latch B are transferred to shift register B at the falling edge of the read transfer signal RB. If the timing restrictions between RB and the shift clock SCB are taken into account, a continuous data flow at output SQB without interrupts is possible. This transfer operation is independent on all other transfer operations except for a small forbidden time window conditioned by the memory to latch B transfer. Data Output A (SQA, SCA, OEA) Data is shifted out through the serial port A (SQA0 … SQA11) at the rising edge of the shift clock SCA. After 16 clock cycles new data have to be transferred from latch A to shift register A. Otherwise data values are cyclically repeated. Via the output enable OEA the output buffers can be switched into tristate. The shift clock SCA may be completely independent on the shift clock for port B and C (SCB). Data Output B (SQB, SCB, OEB) Data is shifted out through the serial port B (SQB0 … SQB11) at the rising edge of the shift clock SCB. After 16 clock cycles new data have to be transferred from latch B to shift register B. Otherwise data values are cyclically repeated. The shift clock SCB is also used for the input port C. Via the output enable OEB the output buffers can be switched into tristate. Refresh Either 256 refresh cycles or read/write cycles on 212 consecutive row addresses beginning with address 0 have to be executed within an 16 ms interval to maintain the data in the memory arrays. A refresh cycle is determined by the mode control bits, see “Addressing and Mode Control”. In the refresh mode, the row and column addresses are ignored. Initialization The device incorporates an on-chip substrate bias generator as well as dynamic circuitry. Therefore an initial pause of 200 µs is required after power on, followed by eight RE-cycles before proper device operation is achieved. Semiconductor Group 4 1998-01-30 SDA 9253 Typical Memory Cycle Sequence A typical application of the TV-SAM is a real-time interfield image processing combined with flicker reduction. This can be achieved, for example, by writing and reading with 13.5-MHz clock rate via port C and B and by simultaneously reading port A with 27-MHz double speed clock. A main cycle of 4 consecutive RE cycles of transfer is needed: 1st. RE-cycle: Read transfer from memory to latch A 2nd. RE-cycle: Read transfer from memory to latch B 3rd. RE-cycle: Same as 1st. RE cycle 4th. RE-cycle: Write transfer from latch C to memory Each transfer cycle is preceeded by an address cycle as shown in the diagram page 6: For the clock rates mentioned this means a serial cycle time of 74 ns at port B and C and 37 ns at port A. The addressing cycle time for each port is given by 16 times the serial data rate. Thus we have an addressing cycle time of approx. 1184 ns for port B and port C. The address for port A must be loaded every 592 ns. Since all addresses are shifted in sequentially, a RE cycle time of approx. 296 ns is necessary. The beginning of a block of 16 serial data at port A or B is determined by RA and RB, respectively. The end of the serial input data block at port C is controlled by WT. Since RA, RB and WT can be independently chosen (except for small forbidden time windows when memory transfers are executed), the serial data streams can be shifted against each other without influencing the RE cycles. Semiconductor Group 5 1998-01-30 Semiconductor Group 6 296 ns 1 Addressing B Read Transfer A 2 Read Transfer B RA Addressing A 3 Addressing C 16x74 ns 16 Serial Clock Cycles SCB Write Transfer C Serial Port B 4 1 4 UED02042 RE Cycle 2 Read Transfer B Serial Port A 3 WT RB Addressing B 16 Serial Clock Cycles SCA Serial Port C Write Transfer C RA 16 Serial Clock Cycles SCB Addressing C 16x37 ns 16 Serial Clock Cycles SCA Read Transfer A Functionally coherent blocks are emphasized The vertical arrows indicate the moment of the data transfer from a latch to the shift register, or vice versa Addressing A SDA 9253 Figure 1 Typical Memory Cycle Sequence 1998-01-30 SDA 9253 SDC3 SDC2 SDC1 SDC0 SQB0 SQB1 VDD2 VSS2 SQB2 SQB3 SQA4 SQA5 VDD2 VSS2 SQA0 SQA1 Pin Configuration (top view) 48 47 46 45 44 43 42 41 40 39 38 37 36 35 34 33 SDC4 SDC5 SCA SAR SAC SCAD RE VDD1 VSS1 RA RB WT OPM SCB SDC6 SDC7 49 50 51 52 53 54 55 56 57 58 59 60 61 62 63 64 SDA 9253 32 31 30 29 28 27 26 25 24 23 22 21 20 19 18 17 SQA2 SQA3 VDD2 VSS2 SQA4 SQA5 OEA VSS1 VDD1 OEB SQA6 SQA7 VSS2 VDD2 SQA8 SQA9 SDC8 SDC9 SDC10 SDC11 SQB6 SQB7 VDD2 VSS2 SQB8 SQB9 SQB10 SQB11 VDD2 VSS2 SQA11 SQA10 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 UEP07388 Figure 2 Semiconductor Group 7 1998-01-30 SDA 9253 Pin Definitions and Functions Pin No. Symbol Input (I) Output (O) 34 33 16 15 SQA0 . . SQA11 O O O O 51 SCA I Serial clock input for port A 58 RA I Read transfer control input (latch A to shift register A) 26 OEA I Output enable input for port A 44 43 11 12 SQB0 . . SQB11 O O O O Serial data output for port B 62 SCB I Serial clock input for port B and C 59 RB I Read transfer control input (latch B to shift register B) 23 OEB I Output enable input for port B 45 46 3 4 SDC0 . . SDC11 I I I I 60 WT I Write transfer control input (shift register C to latch C) 52 SAR I Serial row address input 53 SAC I Serial column address and mode control input 54 SCAD I Serial address clock input 55 RE I RAM-enable input (also latches the addresses) 7, 13, 19, 30, 36, 42 VDD2 Data output power supply (+ 5 V) 8, 14, 20, 29, 35, 41 VSS2 Data output power supply (GND) 24, 56 VDD1 Memory power supply (+ 5 V), must be connected to VDD2 25, 57 VSS1 Memory power supply (GND), must be connected to VSS2 61 OPM Test function (for factory use only) Semiconductor Group Function Serial data output for port A Serial data input for port C 8 1998-01-30 SDA 9253 VDD1 VDD2 VSS1 VSS2 SQB 0 12 SQB 11 OEB SCB SCA 12 SDC 0 Shift Register C Shift Register B 16 x 12 16 x 12 SDC 11 Shift Register A 16 x 12 Latch B Latch C 16 x 12 OEA SQA0 12 SQA11 Latch A 16 x 12 16 x 12 16 x 12 R o w 212 D e c o d e r 16 x 12 Memory Cell Arrays 212 x 64 Bit to Latches 64 8 Column Address Decoder 6 Internal Memory Controller RE TF WT RB RA SAC SAR SCAD UEB07389 Figure 3 Block Diagram Semiconductor Group 9 1998-01-30 SDA 9253 Absolute Maximum Ratings Parameter Symbol Limit Values Unit min. max. – 55 125 °C Storage temperature Tstg Soldering temperature Tsold 260 °C Soldering time tsold 10 s Input/output voltage VI/Q –1 7 V Test function input voltage VI –1 7 V Power supply voltage VDD –1 7 V Data out current (short circuit) IQ 10 mA Total power dissipation Ptot 1.2 W Power dissipation per output PQ 60 mW Remarks For factory use only Operating Range Parameter Symbol Limit Values min. typ. max. Unit Supply voltage VDD1 4.5 5.0 5.5 V Supply voltage VDD2 4.5 5.0 5.5 V Supply voltage VSS1 0 V Supply voltage VSS2 0 V H-input voltage VIH 2.0 6.5 V L-input voltage VIL – 1.0 0.8 V Ambient temperature TA 0 70 °C Semiconductor Group 25 10 1998-01-30 SDA 9253 DC Characteristics VDD = 5 V ± 10 %; TA = 0 to 70 °C Parameter Symbol Limit Values min. typ. Unit Test Condition V At normal operation the pin OPM has to be connected to 1/2 VDD1 OPM level or left unconnected. max. Test enable input high voltage VIH OPM Test disable input low voltage VIL OPM – 10 % 1/2 VDD1 + 10 % V See test enable input high voltage H-output voltage VQH V IOUT = – 2.5 mA L-output voltage VQL 0.4 V IOUT = 2.1 mA Input leakage current II (L) – 10 10 µA 0 V ≤ VI ≤ 6.5 V – 10 10 µA OEA = OEB = VIH Average supply current ICCa 200 mA (tSC port A = tSC min) (tSC port B = 2 tSC min) (tSC port C = 2 tSC min) (tRC = tRC min) ICCa depends on cycle rate and on output loading. Specified values are measured with open output. Standby supply current ICCb 5 mA (RE = OEA = OEB = VDD1) tSC (SCA, SCB, SCAD) = max. (tSC) Output leakage current IQ (L) Semiconductor Group 4.5 5.5 2.4 11 1998-01-30 SDA 9253 AC Characteristics VDD = 5 V ± 10 %; TA = 0 to 70 °C Parameter Symbol Limit Values min. typ. Unit Test Condition max. Memory read or write cycle time tRC 240 100000 ns Operation with tRC ≥ tRCmin ensures that 8-bit serial data are shifted out within one RE cycle taking tSC = tSCmin. See diagram 2, 3, 4, 6 RE low time tRE 100 100000 ns See diagram 2, 3, 4, 6 Serial port cycle time tSC 30 100000 ns See diagram 2 – 6 RE precharge time tRP 100 ns See diagram 2, 3, 4, 6 Address setup time tAS 5 ns See diagram 2, 3, 4, 6 Address hold time tAH 6 ns See diagram 2, 3, 4, 6 SCAD to RE set-up time tROS 3 ns See diagram 2, 3, 4, 6 RE to SCAD hold time tROH 10 ns See diagram 2, 3, 4, 6 RE to RA or RB delay time tRRD 90 ns tRRD and tRRL are restrictive operating parameters only in memory read transfer cycles. See diagram 2, 3 RA or RB to RE lead time tRRL – 30 ns See RE to RA or RB delay time. See diagram 2, 3 RA to SCA RB to SCB set-up time tRSS 0 ns See diagram 2, 3 RA or RB pulse width tRPW 10 ns See diagram 2, 3 RA to SCA RB to SCB hold time tRSH 15 ns See diagram 2, 3 Semiconductor Group 12 1998-01-30 SDA 9253 AC Characteristics (cont’d) VDD = 5 V ± 10 %; TA = 0 to 70 °C Parameter Symbol Limit Values min. WT to RE lead time tWRL typ. Unit Test Condition ns tWRL and tRWL are restrictive max. 30 operating parameters only in memory write transfer cycles. In that case tWRL applies if the write transfer from shifter C to latch C occurs before the rising edge of RE. Otherwise tRWL has to be satisfied. See diagram 4 RE to WT lead time tRWL 50 Output buffer turnoff delay tOFF 0 WT to SCB delay time tWTD WT to SCB lead time ns See WT to RE lead time ns tOFF (max) defines the time at which the output achieves the open-circuit condition and is not referenced to output voltages levels. 0 ns See diagram 4 tWTL 15 ns See diagram 4 WT pulse width tWTP 10 ns See diagram 4 OEA to output A access time tOAA 25 ns See diagram 2, 5 OEB to output B access time tOBA 25 ns See diagram 3, 5 Access time from SCA tCAA 25 ns See diagram 2 Access time from SCB tCBA 25 ns See diagram 3 Data input set-up time to SCB tDS 5 ns See diagram 5 Data input hold time tDH to SCB 6 ns See diagram 5 Semiconductor Group 20 13 1998-01-30 SDA 9253 AC Characteristics (cont’d) VDD = 5 V ± 10 %; TA = 0 to 70 °C Parameter Symbol Limit Values min. typ. Unit Test Condition 16 ms Either 256 refresh cycles or read/write cycles on 212 consecutive row addresses have to be performed within the 16 ms interval to maintain data 10 ns Transition times are measured between VIH and VIL. See diagram 1 max. Refresh period tREF Transition time (rise/fall) tT 2 L-serial clock time tSCL 10 ns See diagram 2 H-serial clock time tSCH 10 ns See diagram 2 Hold time from SCA tCAH 6 ns See diagram 2 Hold time from SCB tCBH 6 ns See diagram 3 Input capacitance (SCA, SCB) CI 1 7 pF f = 1 MHz Input capacitance (all other pins) CI 2 5 pF f = 1 MHz Output capacitance (SQA 0-11, SQB 0-11) CQ 7 pF f = 1 MHz Semiconductor Group 14 1998-01-30 SDA 9253 Operation Truth Table RE Cycle N SCAD SAR RE Cycle N + n, n = 1, 2, 3 … SAC Mode M0 M1 OEA OEB SCA SCB RA RB WT Operation X X Read transfer from memory to shifter A X Read transfer from memory to shifter B RA0…RA 7 CA0…CA 5 L L X X X X RA0…RA 7 CA0…CA 5 H L X X X X X RA0…RA 7 CA0…CA 5 L H X X X X X X X X H H X X X X X X X Refresh with internal row address X X X X X L X X X X X Serial read port A X X X X X X L X X X X Serial read port B X X X X X X X X X X X Serial read port C Write transfer from shifter C to memory Note: X = Don’t care Row address, column address and mode bits have to be V(TF)= 1/2 VDD1 (TF) or not connected defined in RE cycle N in order to become effective in RE cycle N + 1 Semiconductor Group 15 1998-01-30 SDA 9253 3V VIH VIL 0V tT Input conditions : VIH = 2.0 V VIL = 0.8 V t T = 3 ns VQH HIGH Z VQL Output conditions : VOH = 2.4 V VOL = 0.4 V Output loading: SQ 433 Ω 1.31 V 30 pF UED10454 Diagram 1 AC-Timing Measuring Conditions Semiconductor Group 16 1998-01-30 SDA 9253 t RC t RE t RP RE t ROH t ROS t SCH t SC SCAD t SCL t AH t AS SAR RA6 RA7 RA0 RA1 RA2 RA3 RA4 RA5 RA6 RA7 RA0 RA1 SAC L L CA0 CA1 CA2 CA3 CA4 CA5 M0 M1 CA0 CA1 2 3 4 t RRD t RSS RA t RRL t RPW t RSH OEA t SCH t SC SCA t CAH t SCL SQA(0-11) 13 14 t OAA 15 16 1 UET07391 t CAA Diagram 2 Read Transfer Memory to Port A Semiconductor Group 17 1998-01-30 SDA 9253 t RC t RE t RP RE t ROH t ROS t SC SCAD t AH t AS SAR RA6 RA7 RA0 RA1 RA2 RA3 RA4 RA5 RA6 RA7 RA0 RA1 SAC H L CA0 CA1 CA2 CA3 CA4 CA5 M0 M1 CA0 CA1 1 2 3 4 t RRD t RSS RB t RRL t RPW t RSH OEB t SC SCB t CBH SQA(0 - 11) 13 14 t OBA 15 16 UET07392 t CBA Diagram 3 Read Transfer Memory to Port B Semiconductor Group 18 1998-01-30 SDA 9253 t RC t RE t RP RE t ROH t ROS t SCH t SC SCAD t SCL t AH t AS SAR RA6 RA7 RA0 RA1 RA2 RA3 RA4 RA5 RA6 RA7 RA0 RA1 SAC L H CA0 CA1 CA2 CA3 CA4 CA5 M0 M1 CA0 CA1 t WRL t RWL WT t WTD t WTD t WTP t WTP t WTL t WTL SCB t SC t SC t DH t DH t DS t DS SDC(0 - 11) 15 16 1 15 2 16 1 2 UET07393 Diagram 4 Write Transfer from Port C to Memory Semiconductor Group 19 1998-01-30 SDA 9253 Serial Read Operation Port A t SC t SCH SCA t CAA t CAH t SCL OEA t OAA SQA(0 - 11) t OFF Valid Data Valid Data Serial Read Operation Port B t SC Valid Data t SCH SCB t CBA t SCL t CBH OEB t OBA SQB(0 - 11) t OFF Valid Data Valid Data Serial Write Operation Port C t SC Valid Data t SCH SCB t DS SDC(0 - 11) t DH t SCL Valid Data Valid Data Valid Data UET07394 Diagram 5 Semiconductor Group 20 1998-01-30 SDA 9253 t RC t RE t RP RE t ROH t ROS t SC SCAD t AH t AS SAR RA6 RA7 RA0 RA1 RA2 RA3 RA4 RA5 RA6 RA7 RA0 RA1 SAC H H CA0 CA1 CA2 CA3 CA4 CA5 M0 M1 CA0 CA1 UED02050 Diagram 6 Refresh with External Row Address Semiconductor Group 21 1998-01-30 SDA 9253 Application Circuit For best performance and operation within the specified AC parameter limits it is mandatory to use separate decoupling capacitors for VSS1/VDD1 and VSS2/VDD2 with VSS1 shorted to VSS2 and VDD1 shorted to VDD2 on the board as shown in figure below. Decoupling capacitors C1 and C2 of low inductance multilayer type (at least 0.1 µF) should be used. To avoid malfunction or even permanent damage of the device it is strongly recommended not to use any other supply configuration. C 42 41 36 35 30 29 C 56 57 25 24 SDA 9253 C 20 19 7 8 13 14 VSS C VDD UES07395 Figure 4 Semiconductor Group 22 1998-01-30 SDA 9253 Application Information Digital Storage of a TV Field As standard for digital TV systems, CCIR recommendation 601 defines a field of 288 lines with 720 pixels per line. The sampling frequency is 13.5 MHz with a resolution of 8 bit per pixel. Information is stored in 3 different channels: one channel for luminance (Y), two channels for chrominance (U and V). The bandwidth ratio between the different channels is either Y:U:V = 4:1:1, 4:2:2 or 4:4:4 depending on the coding method. The following table shows the memory requirements for the field buffer and the number of memory chips when the SDA 9253 and the SDA 9251 are used. Table 1 Memory Requirements and Number of Memory Chips for a Digital TV-Field Buffer Y:U:V Clock Rate 13.5 MHz Number of Required Memory Devices Bus Width 4:1:1 2.37 Mbit 1 SDA 9253 12 bit 4:2:2 3.16 bit 1 SDA 9253 + 1 SDA 9251 16 bit 4:4:4 4.75 bit 2 SDA 9253 24 bit A typical application for the SDA 9253 is as field memory device in the Siemens MEGAVISION system. The memory capacity of the SDA 9253 is 3 times that of SDA 9251 and therefore able to substitute 3 SDA 9251. For a 4:1:1 sampling format there is need for 1 device in an application without Line Flicker Reduction and 2 devices for an application with Line Flicker Reduction (see figure). Semiconductor Group 23 1998-01-30 SDA 9253 4 SDA9251X YOUT Y IN 3ADC + CSG 12 Picture Processor 2 SDA 9253 Display Processor Field Mixer 16 16 U OUT U IN 12 SDA 9206 SDA 9290 SDA 9253 SDA 9270 V IN SDA 9280 VOUT 4 SDA 9251X SYNC SYNC MSC3 SDA 9220 SYNC OUT UEB07396 Figure 5 MEGAVISION Block Diagram of Line Flicker Reduction Semiconductor Group 24 1998-01-30 SDA 9253 Package Outlines GPM05250 P-MQFP-64-1 (Plastic Metric Quad Flat Package) Sorts of Packing Package outlines for tubes, trays etc. are contained in our Data Book “Package Information”. SMD = Surface Mounted Device Semiconductor Group 25 Dimensions in mm 1998-01-30