M TC2682/TC2683/TC2684 Inverting Charge Pump Voltage Doublers Features General Description • • • • • • • The TC2682/TC2683/TC2684 are CMOS charge pump converters that provide an inverted doubled output from a single positive supply. An on-board oscillator provides the clock and only three external capacitors are required for full circuit implementation. Switching frequencies are 12kHz for the TC2682, 35kHz for the TC2683, and 125kHz for the TC2684. Small 8-Pin MSOP Package Operates from 1.8V to 5.5V 120 Ohms (typ) Output Resistance 99% Voltage Conversion Efficiency Only 3 External Capacitors Required Power-Saving Shutdown Mode Low Active Supply Current - 95µA (typ) for TC2682 - 225µA (typ) for TC2683 - 700µA (typ) for TC2684 Low output source impedance (typically 120Ω), provides output current up to 10mA. The TC2682/ TC2683/TC2684 feature a 1.8V to 5.5V operating voltage range and high efficiency, which make them an ideal choice for a wide variety of applications requiring a negative doubled voltage derived from a single positive supply (for example: generation of -7.2V from a +3.6V lithium cell or -10V generated from a +5V logic supply). Applications • • • • • LCD Panel Bias Cellular Phones PA Bias Pagers PDAs, Portable Data Loggers Battery-Powered Devices The minimum external part count and small physical size make this family of products useful for a wide variety of negative bias power supply applications. Functional Block Diagram Device Selection Table Part Number Package Osc. Freq. (kHz) Operating Temp. Range TC2682EUA 8-Pin MSOP 12 -40°C to +85°C TC2683EUA 8-Pin MSOP 35 -40°C to +85°C TC2684EUA 8-Pin MSOP 125 -40°C to +85°C C2+ 2 C2– 3 VOUT 4 VIN Input C1– C2+ + C2 C2– TC2682 TC2683 TC2684 VOUT = -(2 x VIN) VOUT – C OUT + 8-Pin MSOP 1 C1+ GND Package Type C1– + C1 TC2682 TC2683 TC2684 2002 Microchip Technology Inc. 8 NC 7 C1+ 6 VIN 5 GND C1 must have a voltage rating ≥ VIN C2 and COUT must have a voltage rating ≥ 2VIN DS21548B-page 1 TC2682/TC2683/TC2684 1.0 ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS *Stresses above those listed under "Absolute Maximum Ratings" may cause permanent damage to the device. These are stress ratings only and functional operation of the device at these or any other conditions above those indicated in the operation sections of the specifications is not implied. Exposure to Absolute Maximum Rating conditions for extended periods may affect device reliability. Absolute Maximum Ratings* Input Voltage (VIN to GND)....................... +6.0V, -0.3V Output Voltage (VOUT to GND)............... -12.0V, +0.3V Current at VOUT Pin.............................................20mA Short-Circuit Duration VOUT to GND ..............Indefinite Power Dissipation (TA ≤ 70°C) 8-Pin MSOP .............................................320mW Operating Temperature Range.............-40°C to +85°C Storage Temperature (Unbiased) .......-65°C to +150°C TC2682/TC2683/TC2684 ELECTRICAL SPECIFICATIONS Electrical Characteristics: TA = -40°C to +85°C, VIN = +5V, C1 = C2 = 3.3µF (TC2682), C1 = C2 = 1µF(TC2683), C1 = C2 = 0.33µF (TC2684) SHDN = GND, Typical values are at TA = +25°C Symbol Parameter Min Typ Max Units 160 480 1500 µA Device Test Conditions IDD Supply Current — — — 95 225 700 VMIN Minimum Supply Voltage 1.8 — — V All RLOAD = 1kΩ VMAX Maximum Supply Voltage — — 5.5 V All RLOAD = 1kΩ FOSC Oscillator Frequency 8.4 24.5 65 12 35 125 15.6 45.5 170 kHz VEFF Voltage Conversion Efficiency 95 99 — % All RLOAD = ∞ ROUT Output Resistance — 120 170 Ω All ILOAD = 0.5mA to 10mA (Note 1) Note 1: TC2682 TC2683 TC2684 TC2682 TC2683 TC2684 Capacitor contribution is approximately 20% of the output impedance (ESR = 1/ pump frequency x capacitance). DS21548B-page 2 2002 Microchip Technology Inc. TC2682/TC2683/TC2684 2.0 PIN DESCRIPTIONS The descriptions of the pins are listed in Table 2-1. TABLE 2-1: PIN FUNCTION TABLE Pin No. (8-Pin MSOP) Symbol 1 C1– C1 commutation capacitor negative terminal. 2 C2+ C2 commutation capacitor positive terminal. 3 C2– C2 commutation capacitor negative terminal. 4 VOUT Doubling inverting charge pump output (-2 x VIN). 5 GND Ground. Description 6 VIN Positive power supply input. 7 C1+ C1 commutation capacitor positive terminal. 8 NC No connection. 2002 Microchip Technology Inc. DS21548B-page 3 TC2682/TC2683/TC2684 3.0 DETAILED DESCRIPTION The TC2682/TC2683/TC2684 inverting charge pumps perform a -2x multiplication of the voltage applied to the VIN pin. Conversion is performed using two synchronous switching matrices and three external capacitors. Figure 3-1 is a block diagram representation of the TC2682/TC2683/TC2684 architecture. The first switching stage inverts the voltage present at VIN and the second stage uses the ‘-VIN’ output generated from the first stage to produce the ‘-2X’ output function from the second stage switching matrix. FIGURE 3-1: Each device contains an on-board oscillator that synchronously controls the operation of the charge pump switching matrices. The TC2682 synchronously switches at 12kHz, the TC2683 synchronously switches at 35kHz, and the TC2684 synchronously switches at 125kHz. The different oscillator frequencies for this device family allow the user to trade-off capacitor size versus supply current. Faster oscillators can use smaller external capacitors, but will consume more supply current (see Section 1.0 Electrical Characteristics). TC2682/TC2683/TC2684 ARCHITECTURE VIN + C1 -VIN Switch Matrix (1st Stage) Oscillator + C2 VOUT = -2VIN Switch Matrix (2nd Stage) COUT + DS21548B-page 4 2002 Microchip Technology Inc. TC2682/TC2683/TC2684 4.0 APPLICATIONS INFORMATION 4.3 4.1 Output Voltage Considerations The VIN input should be capacitively bypassed to reduce AC impedance and minimize noise effects due to the switching internal to the device. It is recommended that a large value capacitor (at least equal to C1) be connected from VIN to GND for optimal circuit performance. The TC2682/TC2683/TC2684 perform inverting voltage conversions but do not provide any type of regulation. The output voltage will droop in a linear manner with respect to the output load current. The value of the equivalent output resistance is approximately 120Ω nominal at +25°C and VIN = +5V. In this particular case, the output is approximately -10V at very light loads and will droop according to the equation below: VDROOP = IOUT x ROUT 4.2 4.4 In order to maintain the lowest output resistance and output ripple voltage, it is recommended that low ESR capacitors be used. Additionally, larger values of C1 and C2 will lower the output resistance and larger values of COUT will reduce output ripple. The most common application for the TC2682/TC2683/ TC2684 devices is the inverting voltage doubler (Figure 4-1). This application uses three external capacitors: C1, C2 and COUT. FIGURE 4-1: 1 1 2 C2682 C2683 C2684 2 evice TC2682 TC2683 TC2684 TC2684 ROUT(Ω) UT UT 2 OUTPUT RESISTANCE VS. C1/C2 (ESR = 0.1Ω) TC2683 ROUT(Ω) N 1 Table 4-2 shows the output voltage ripple for various values of COUT (again assuming VIN = 5V @ +25°C). The VRIPPLE values assume a 1mA output load current and a 0.1Ω ESRCOUT. TC2682 ROUT(Ω) DUAL VOLTAGE INVERTER TEST CIRCUIT N Table 4-1 shows various values of C1/C2 and the corresponding output resistance values for VIN = 5V @ +25°C. C1, C2 (µF) A power supply bypass capacitor is recommended. The output is equal to -2VIN plus any voltage drops due to loading. Refer to Table 4-1 and Table 4-2 for capacitor selection guidelines. For proper charge pump operation, C1 must have a voltage rating greater than or equal to VIN, while C2 and COUT must have a voltage rating greater than or equal to 2VIN. TABLE 4-1: Inverting Voltage Doubler Note: Capacitor Selection Note: Input Supply Bypassing 3.3µF 1µF 0.33µF UT ND 1 3.3µF 1µF 0.33µF 2 3.3µF 1µF 0.33µF UT 3.3µF 1µF 0.33µF 0.33 633 184 120 4.5 1 262 120 102 3.3 120 95 84 As with any switching power supply circuit, good layout practice is recommended. Mount components as close together as possible to minimize stray inductance and capacitance. Also use a large ground plane to minimize noise leakage into other circuitry. TABLE 4-2: OUTPUT VOLTAGE RIPPLE VS. COUT2 (ESR = 0.1Ω) IOUT = 1mA COUT (µF) TC2682 VRIPPLE (mV) TC2683 VRIPPLE (mV) TC2684 VRIPPLE (mV) 0.33 192 60 27 1 63 21 16 3.3 17 8 7 2002 Microchip Technology Inc. Layout Considerations DS21548B-page 5 TC2682/TC2683/TC2684 5.0 PACKAGING INFORMATION 5.1 Package Marking Information Package marking data not available at this time. 5.2 Taping Form Component Taping Orientation for 8-Pin MSOP Devices User Direction of Feed PIN 1 P Standard Reel Component Orientation for TR Suffix Device Carrier Tape, Number of Components Per Reel and Reel Size Package 8-Pin MSOP 5.3 Carrier Width (W) Pitch (P) Part Per Full Reel Reel Size 12 mm 8 mm 2500 13 in Package Dimensions 8-Pin MSOP PIN 1 .122 (3.10) .114 (2.90) .197 (5.00) .189 (4.80) .026 (0.65) TYP. .122 (3.10) .114 (2.90) .043 (1.10) MAX. .016 (0.40) .010 (0.25) .006 (0.15) .002 (0.05) .008 (0.20) .005 (0.13) 6° MAX. .028 (0.70) .016 (0.40) Dimensions: inches (mm) DS21548B-page 6 2002 Microchip Technology Inc. TC2682/TC2683/TC2684 Sales and Support Data Sheets Products supported by a preliminary Data Sheet may have an errata sheet describing minor operational differences and recommended workarounds. To determine if an errata sheet exists for a particular device, please contact one of the following: 1. 2. 3. Your local Microchip sales office The Microchip Corporate Literature Center U.S. FAX: (480) 792-7277 The Microchip Worldwide Site (www.microchip.com) Please specify which device, revision of silicon and Data Sheet (include Literature #) you are using. New Customer Notification System Register on our web site (www.microchip.com/cn) to receive the most current information on our products. 2002 Microchip Technology Inc. DS21548B-page7 TC2682/TC2683/TC2684 NOTES: DS21548B-page8 2002 Microchip Technology Inc. TC2682/TC2683/TC2684 Information contained in this publication regarding device applications and the like is intended through suggestion only and may be superseded by updates. It is your responsibility to ensure that your application meets with your specifications. No representation or warranty is given and no liability is assumed by Microchip Technology Incorporated with respect to the accuracy or use of such information, or infringement of patents or other intellectual property rights arising from such use or otherwise. Use of Microchip’s products as critical components in life support systems is not authorized except with express written approval by Microchip. No licenses are conveyed, implicitly or otherwise, under any intellectual property rights. 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