TLC5943 www.ti.com SBVS101 – DECEMBER 2007 16-Channel, 16-Bit PWM LED Driver with 7-Bit Global Brightness Control • FEATURES 1 • 16 Channels, Constant Current Sink Output • 50-mA Capability (Constant Current Sink) • 16-Bit (65,536 Steps) Grayscale Control with Enhanced Spectrum (ES) PWM • 7-Bit (128 Steps) Global Brightness Control for All Channels with Sink Current • LED Power-Supply Voltage up to 17 V • VCC = 3.0 V to 5.5 V • Constant Current Accuracy: – Channel-to-Channel = ±1.5% – Device-to-Device = ±3% • CMOS Level I/O • 30-MHz Data Transfer Rate • 33-MHz Grayscale Control Clock • Auto Display Repeat • Auto Data Refresh • Continuous Base LED Open Detection (LOD): – Detect LED opening and LED short to GND during display • Thermal Shutdown (TSD): – Automatic shutdown at high temperature conditions – Restart under normal temperature 23 VLED SCLK BCSEL • • • Monochrome, Multicolor, Full-Color LED Displays LED Signboards Display Backlighting DESCRIPTION The TLC5943 is a 16-channel, constant current sink driver. Each channel is individually adjustable with 65,536 enhanced spectrum pulse-width modulated (PWM) steps controlled by grayscale (GS) data. All output drivers are adjustable with 128 constant sink current steps at same value controlled by brightness control (BC) data. Both GS data and BC data are writable via a serial interface port. The maximum current value of all 16 channels can be set by a single external resistor. VLED ¼ ¼ ¼ ¼ ¼ ¼ OUT15 OUT0 SIN SOUT SCLK XERR SCLK XERR BCSEL VCC VCC VCC XLAT BLANK VCC VCC GSCLK XTEST IREF RIREF OUT15 SOUT GSCLK FLAGS READ ¼ SIN BLANK GSCLK VLED ¼ XLAT BLANK XERR READ APPLICATIONS BCSEL XLAT Controller • VLED OUT0 DATA • Readable Error Information: – LED Open Detection (LOD) – Thermal Error Flag (TEF) Noise Reduction: – 4-channel grouped delay to prevent inrush current Operating Temperature: –40°C to +85°C XTEST IREF TLC5943 IC1 GND RIREF TLC5943 ICn GND 5 XTEST pin must be connected to VCC or GND. Typical Application Circuit (Multiple Daisy-Chained TLC5943s) 1 2 3 Please be aware that an important notice concerning availability, standard warranty, and use in critical applications of Texas Instruments semiconductor products and disclaimers thereto appears at the end of this data sheet. PowerPAD is a trademark of Texas Instruments, Inc. All other trademarks are the property of their respective owners. PRODUCTION DATA information is current as of publication date. Products conform to specifications per the terms of the Texas Instruments standard warranty. Production processing does not necessarily include testing of all parameters. Copyright © 2007, Texas Instruments Incorporated TLC5943 www.ti.com SBVS101 – DECEMBER 2007 DESCRIPTION, CONTINUED The TLC5943 has two error detection circuits for LED open detection (LOD) and a thermal error flag (TEF). LOD detects a broken or disconnected LED and shorted LED to GND during the display period. TEF indicates an over-temperature condition; when a TEF is set, all output drivers are turned off. When the TEF is cleared, all output drivers are restarted. blank This integrated circuit can be damaged by ESD. Texas Instruments recommends that all integrated circuits be handled with appropriate precautions. Failure to observe proper handling and installation procedures can cause damage. ESD damage can range from subtle performance degradation to complete device failure. Precision integrated circuits may be more susceptible to damage because very small parametric changes could cause the device not to meet its published specifications. PACKAGE/ORDERING INFORMATION (1) PRODUCT PACKAGE-LEAD TLC5943 HTSSOP-28 PowerPAD™ 5 mm × 5 mm QFN-32 TLC5943 (1) ORDERING NUMBER TRANSPORT MEDIA, QUANTITY TLC5943PWPR Tape and Reel, 2000 TLC5943PWP Tube, 50 TLC5943RHBR Tape and Reel, 3000 TLC5943RHBT Tape and Reel, 250 For the most current package and ordering information see the Package Option Addendum at the end of this document, or see the TI web site at www.ti.com. ABSOLUTE MAXIMUM RATINGS (1) (2) Over operating free-air temperature range, unless otherwise noted. PARAMETER TLC5943 VCC Supply voltage, VCC IOUT Output current (dc): OUT0 to OUT15 VIN Input voltage range: SIN, SCLK, XLAT, BLANK, GSCLK, BCSEL, IREF VOUT Output voltage range TJ(max) Maximum operating junction temperature TSTG Storage temperature range ESD rating (1) (2) 2 SOUT, XERR OUT0 to OUT15 Human body model (HBM) Charged device model (CDM) UNIT –0.3 to +6.0 V 60 mA –0.3 to VCC + 0.3 V –0.3 to VCC + 0.3 V –0.3 to +18 V +150 °C –55 to +150 °C 2 kV 500 V Stresses above these ratings may cause permanent damage. Exposure to absolute maximum conditions for extended periods may degrade device reliability. These are stress ratings only, and functional operation of the device at these or any other conditions beyond those specified is not supported. All voltage values are with respect to network ground terminal. Submit Documentation Feedback Copyright © 2007, Texas Instruments Incorporated Product Folder Link(s): TLC5943 TLC5943 www.ti.com SBVS101 – DECEMBER 2007 RECOMMENDED OPERATING CONDITIONS At TA= –40°C to +85°C, unless otherwise noted. TLC5943 PARAMETER TEST CONDITIONS MIN NOM MAX UNIT DC Characteristics: VCC = 3 V to 5.5 V VCC Supply voltage VO Voltage applied to output 3.0 VIH High-level input voltage VIL Low-level input voltage IOH High-level output current IOL Low-level output current IOLC Constant output sink current TA Operating free-air temperature TJ Operating junction temperature 5.5 V 17 V 0.7 × VCC VCC V GND 0.3 × VCC OUT0 to OUT15 V SOUT –1 mA SOUT 1 mA XERR 5 mA OUT0 to OUT15 50 mA –40 +85 °C –40 +125 °C AC Characteristics: VCC = 3 V to 5.5 V fCLK (sclk) Data shift clock frequency fCLK (gsclk) Grayscale control clock frequency TWH0 / TWL0 TWH1 Pulse duration SCLK 30 MHz GSCLK 33 MHz SCLK, GSCLK 10 ns XLAT, BLANK 30 ns TSU0 SIN–SCLK↑ 6 ns TSU1 XLAT↑–SCLK↑ 100 ns TSU2 BLANK↓–GSCLK↑ 10 ns TSU3 BCSEL–SCLK↑ 10 ns TSU4 BCSEL–XLAT↑ 30 ns TSU5 XLAT↓–SCLK↑ 15 ns TSU6 XLAT↑–BLANK↓ 20 ns TH0 SIN–SCLK↑ 3 ns TH1 XLAT↑–SCLK↑ 30 ns BCSEL–SCLK↓ 10 ns BCSEL–XLAT↑ 100 ns TH2 Setup time Hold time TH3 DISSIPATION RATINGS (1) (2) (3) PACKAGE OPERATING FACTOR ABOVE TA = +25°C TA < +25°C POWER RATING TA = +70°C POWER RATING TA = +85°C POWER RATING HTSSOP-28 with PowerPAD soldered (1) 31.67 mW/°C 3958 mW 2533 mW 2058 mW HTSSOP-28 with PowerPAD not soldered (2) 16.21 mW/°C 2026 mW 1296 mW 1053 mW QFN-32 (3) 27.86 mW/°C 3482 mW 2228 mW 1811 mW With PowerPAD soldered onto copper area on printed circuit board (PCB); 2 oz. copper. For more information, see SLMA002 (available for download at www.ti.com). With PowerPAD not soldered onto copper area on PCB. The package thermal impedance is calculated in accordance with JESD51-5. Submit Documentation Feedback Copyright © 2007, Texas Instruments Incorporated Product Folder Link(s): TLC5943 3 TLC5943 www.ti.com SBVS101 – DECEMBER 2007 ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS At VCC = 3.0 V to 5.5 V, and TA = –40°C to +85°C. Typical values at VCC = 3.3 V and TA = +25°C, unless otherwise noted. TLC5943 PARAMETER VOH TEST CONDITIONS High-level output voltage VOL Low-level output voltage IIN IOH = –1 mA at SOUT IOL = 1 mA at SOUT MAX UNIT VCC – 0.4 TYP VCC V 0 0.4 V 0.4 V 1 µA IOL = 5 mA at XERR VIN = VCC or GND at SIN, SCLK, GSCLK, XLAT, BLANK, BCSEL Input current MIN –1 ICC1 SIN/SCLK/GSCLK/XLAT/BCSEL = low, BLANK = high, GSn = FFFFh, BCn = 7Fh, VOUTn = 1 V, RIREF = 10 kΩ 1 3 mA ICC2 SIN/SCLK/GSCLK/XLAT/BCSEL = low, BLANK = high, GSn = FFFFh, BCn = 7Fh, VOUTn = 1 V, RIREF = 2 kΩ 4 8 mA SCLK/GSCLK = 30 MHz, SIN = 15MHz, XLAT/BCSEL/BLANK = low, GSn = FFFFh, BCn = 7Fh, Auto Repeat on, VOUTn = 1 V, RIREF = 2 kΩ (1) 14 30 mA SCLK/GSCLK = 30 MHz, SIN = 15MHz, XLAT/BCSEL/BLANK = low, GSn = FFFFh, BCn = 7Fh, Auto Repeat on, VOUTn = 1 V, RIREF = 1 kΩ (1) 27 50 mA 49 55 mA Supply current (VCC) ICC3 ICC4 IO(LC) Constant output current All OUTn = ON, BCn = 7Fh, VOUTn = 1 V, VOUTfix = 1 V, RIREF = 1 kΩ IO(LKG1) Leakage output current BLANK = high, RIREF = 1 kΩ, VOUTn = 17 V, At OUT0 to OUT15 0.1 µA IO(LKG2) Leakage output current No error condition, VXERR = 5.5 V, at XERR 1 µA ΔIO(LC) Constant current error (pin-to-pin) (1) All OUTn = ON, BCn = 7Fh, VOUTn = 1 V, VOUTfix = 1 V, RIREF = 1 kΩ, at OUT0 to OUT15 ±1.5 ±4 % ΔIO(LC1) Constant current error (device-to-device) (2) All OUTn = ON, BCn = 7Fh, VOUTn = 1 V, VOUTfix = 1 V, RIREF = 1 kΩ ±3 ±9 % ΔIO(LC2) Line regulation (3) All OUTn = ON, BCn = 7Fh, VOUTn = 1 V, VOUTfix = 1 V, RIREF = 1 kΩ, at OUT0 to OUT15 ±1 ±4 %/V ΔIO(LC3) Load regulation (4) All OUTn = ON, DCn = 7Fh, VOUTn = 1 V to 3 V, VOUTfix = 1 V, RIREF = 1 kΩ, at OUT0 to OUT15 ±1 ±3 %/V T(TEF) Thermal error flag threshold Junction temperature (5) +150 +162 +175 °C T(HYS) Thermal error hysteresis Junction temperature (5) +5 +10 +20 °C VLOD LED open detection threshold All OUTn = ON VIREF Reference voltage output RIREF = 1 kΩ (1) 43 0.2 0.3 0.4 V 1.16 1.20 1.24 V The deviation of each output from the average of OUT0–OUT15 constant current. Deviation is calculated by the formula: IOUTn D (%) = -1 ´ 100 (IOUT0 + IOUT1 + ... + IOUT15) (2) 16 . The deviation of the OUT0–OUT15 constant current average from the ideal constant current value. Deviation is calculated by the following formula: (IOUT0 + IOUT1 + ... IOUT14 + IOUT15) - (Ideal Output Current) 16 D (%) = ´ 100 Ideal Output Current Ideal current is calculated by the formula: IOUT(IDEAL) = 41 ´ (3) 1.20 RIREF Line regulation is calculated by this equation: D (%/V) = (IOUTn at VCC = 5.5 V) - (IOUTn at VCC = 3.0 V) (4) (IOUTn at VOUTn = 3 V) - (IOUTn at VOUTn = 1 V) 100 ´ (IOUTn at VOUTn = 1 V) 4 5.5 V - 3 V Load regulation is calculated by the equation: D (%/V) = (5) 100 ´ (IOUTn at VCC = 3.0 V) 3V-1V Not tested. Specified by design. Submit Documentation Feedback Copyright © 2007, Texas Instruments Incorporated Product Folder Link(s): TLC5943 TLC5943 www.ti.com SBVS101 – DECEMBER 2007 SWITCHING CHARACTERISTICS At VCC = 3.0 V to 5.5 V, TA = –40°C to +85°C, CL = 15 pF, RL = 82 Ω, RIREF = 1 kΩ, and VLED = 5.0 V. Typical values at VCC = 3.3 V and TA = +25°C, unless otherwise noted. TLC5943 PARAMETER tR0 Rise time tR1 tF0 TEST CONDITIONS MIN TYP SOUT 16 OUTn, BC = 7Fh 10 SOUT tF1 Fall time XERR, CL = 100 pF, RL = 1 kΩ, VXERR = 5 V tD0 SCLK↑ to SOUT tD1 BLANK↑ to OUT0 sink current off tD2 GSCLK↑ to OUT0/4/8/12 Propagation delay time tD3 30 16 OUTn, BC = 7Fh tF2 MAX 10 30 UNIT ns ns 100 ns 25 ns 20 40 ns 5 18 40 ns GSCLK↑ to OUT1/5/9/13 20 42 73 ns tD4 GSCLK↑ to OUT2/6/10/14 35 66 106 ns tD5 GSCLK↑ to OUT3/7/11/15 50 90 140 ns 10 ns tON_ERR (1) Output on-time error (1) GSn = 0001h, GSCLK = 33 MHz –20 Output on-time error is calculated by the following formula: TON_ERR (ns) = tOUTON – TGSCLK. tOUTON is the actual on-time of the constant current driver. TGSCLK is the period of GSCLK. Submit Documentation Feedback Copyright © 2007, Texas Instruments Incorporated Product Folder Link(s): TLC5943 5 TLC5943 www.ti.com SBVS101 – DECEMBER 2007 FUNCTIONAL BLOCK DIAGRAM VCC 16 LED Open Detection Data Latch (16 LOD) gsclk33 VCC 16 LSB MSB SIN Grayscale Shift Register (16 Bits x 16 Channels) SOUT 0 SCLK 255 256 LSB MSB First Grayscale Data Latch (16 Bits x 16 Channels) 0 255 256 LSB MSB Second Grayscale Data Latch (16 Bits x 16 Channels) BCSEL 0 255 LSB MSB Brightness Control (7 Bits) / Auto Repeat Enable (1 Bit) Shift Register 0 LSB XLAT 7 MSB 8 0 LSB rptena MSB 0 GS Counter/ Auto Repeat/ Refresh GSCLK 7 7 Second Brightness Control (7 Bits) Data Latch bclat2 gsclk33 gslat2 xlatbuf 256 loderr First Brightness Control (7 Bits) / Auto Repeat Enable (1 Bit) Data Latch 6 1 16-Bit ES PWM Timing Control 16 XERR XERR Control blankbuf 16 Constant Current Driver with 7-Bit (128 Steps) Global Current Control Reference Current Control IREF blankbuf Output Switching Delay (4-Channel Unit) tderr BLANK xlatbuf 16 7 16 XTEST Thermal Detection LED Open Detection (LOD, 16 Channels) GND GND ¼ OUT0 6 OUT1 OUT14 Submit Documentation Feedback OUT15 Copyright © 2007, Texas Instruments Incorporated Product Folder Link(s): TLC5943 TLC5943 www.ti.com SBVS101 – DECEMBER 2007 DEVICE INFORMATION PWP PACKAGE (Top View) GSCLK SIN 5 24 BCSEL 6 OUT0 7 16 OUT10 SOUT IREF 26 15 OUT9 23 XERR VCC 27 14 OUT8 22 OUT15 NC 28 13 NC 12 NC Thermal Pad 19 OUT12 BLANK 31 10 OUT6 OUT4 11 18 OUT11 XLAT 32 9 OUT5 OUT5 12 17 OUT10 OUT6 13 16 OUT9 OUT7 14 15 OUT8 8 10 OUT4 OUT3 7 OUT7 OUT3 11 6 30 OUT2 GND 5 OUT13 OUT1 20 4 9 OUT0 29 3 NC BCSEL OUT14 2 21 SIN OUT2 25 1 8 XTEST SCLK OUT1 Thermal Pad OUT11 25 17 4 OUT12 SCLK 18 XTEST OUT13 26 19 3 OUT14 XLAT 20 IREF OUT15 27 21 2 XERR BLANK 22 VCC SOUT 28 23 1 GSCLK GND 24 RHB PACKAGE (Top View) NC = No internal connection. Submit Documentation Feedback Copyright © 2007, Texas Instruments Incorporated Product Folder Link(s): TLC5943 7 TLC5943 www.ti.com SBVS101 – DECEMBER 2007 TERMINAL FUNCTIONS TERMINAL NAME SIN PWP RHB I/O 5 2 I Serial data input for grayscale and brightness control data. Schmitt buffer input. DESCRIPTION SCLK 4 1 I Serial data shift clock for GS shift register and BC shift register. Schmitt buffer input. The shift register is selected by BCSEL. Data present on the SIN pin are shifted into the shift register selected by BCSEL with the rising edge of the SCLK pin. Data in the selected shift register are shifted to the MSB side by 1-bit synchronizing to the rising edge of SCLK. The MSB data of the selected register appears on SOUT. XLAT 3 32 I Data in the Grayscale and Brightness shift register are moved to the respective first data latch with a low-to-high transition of this pin. BCSEL 6 3 I Shift register and data latch select. Schmitt buffer input. When BCSEL is low, Grayscale shift register and first data latch are selected. When BCSEL is high, Brightness Control shift register and first data latch are selected. BCSEL should not be changed while SCLK is high. GSCLK 25 24 I Reference clock for Grayscale PWM control. Schmitt buffer input. If BLANK is low, then each rising edge of GSCLK increments the grayscale counter for PWM control. Blank (all constant current outputs off). Schmitt buffer input. When BLANK is high, all constant current outputs (OUT0 through OUT15) are forced off, the Grayscale counter is reset to '0', and the Grayscale PWM timing controller is initialized. When BLANK is low, all constant current outputs are controlled by the Grayscale PWM timing controller. BLANK 2 31 I IREF 27 26 I/O Constant current value setting. OUT0 through OUT15 sink constant current is set to desired value by connecting an external resistor between IREF and GND. SOUT 24 23 O Serial data output. This output is connected to Grayscale/Status Information shift register or Brightness Control shift register. The connected register is selected by BCSEL. XERR 23 22 O Error output. Open-drain output. XERR goes low when LOD or TEF is detected. OUT0 7 4 O Constant current output. OUT1 8 5 O Constant current output OUT2 9 6 O Constant current output OUT3 10 7 O Constant current output OUT4 11 8 O Constant current output OUT5 12 9 O Constant current output OUT6 13 10 O Constant current output OUT7 14 11 O Constant current output OUT8 15 14 O Constant current output OUT9 16 15 O Constant current output OUT10 17 16 O Constant current output OUT11 18 17 O Constant current output OUT12 19 18 O Constant current output OUT13 20 19 O Constant current output OUT14 21 20 O Constant current output OUT15 22 21 O Constant current output VCC 28 27 — Power-supply voltage GND 1 30 — Power ground XTEST 26 25 I — 12, 13, 28, 29 — NC 8 Factory test pin. XTEST must be connected to VCC or GND. No internal connection Submit Documentation Feedback Copyright © 2007, Texas Instruments Incorporated Product Folder Link(s): TLC5943 TLC5943 www.ti.com SBVS101 – DECEMBER 2007 PARAMETER MEASUREMENT INFORMATION PIN EQUIVALENT INPUT AND OUTPUT SCHEMATIC DIAGRAMS VCC VCC INPUT SOUT GND GND Figure 1. SIN, SCLK, XLAT, BCSEL, BLANK, GSCLK Figure 2. SOUT XERR OUTn GND GND Figure 3. XERR Figure 4. OUT0 Through OUT15 TEST CIRCUITS RL VCC VCC VCC OUTn IREF (1) RIREF VLED GND (1) CL includes measurement probe and jig capacitance. Figure 5. Rise Time and Fall Time Test Circuit for OUTn (1) CL includes measurement probe and jig capacitance. Figure 6. Rise Time and Fall Time Test Circuit for SOUT VCC VCC XERR IREF VXERR RIREF OUTn ¼ GND (1) OUT0 ¼ RL VCC CL CL GND (1) VCC SOUT VCC CL GND OUT15 VOUTn VOUTFIX (1) CL includes measurement probe and jig capacitance. Figure 7. Rise Time and Fall Time Test Circuit for XERR Figure 8. Constant Current Test Circuit for OUTn Submit Documentation Feedback Copyright © 2007, Texas Instruments Incorporated Product Folder Link(s): TLC5943 9 TLC5943 www.ti.com SBVS101 – DECEMBER 2007 TIMING DIAGRAMS TWH0, TWH1, TWL0 VCC INPUT (1) 50% GND TWL TWH TSU0, TSU1, TSU2, TSU3, TSU4, TSU5, TSU6, TH0, TH1, TH2, TH3 VCC CLOCK INPUT (1) 50% GND TSU TH VCC DATA/CONTROL INPUT (1) 50% GND (1) Input pulse rise and fall time is 1 ns to 3 ns. Figure 9. Input Timing tR0, tR1, tF0, tF1, tD0, tD1, tD2, tD3, tD4, tD5: VCC INPUT (1) 50% GND tD VOH or VOUTnH 90% (2) OUTPUT 50% 10% VOL or VOUTnL tR or tF (1) Input pulse rise and fall time is 1 ns to 3 ns. (2) Input pulse high level is VCC and low level is GND. Figure 10. Output Timing 10 Submit Documentation Feedback Copyright © 2007, Texas Instruments Incorporated Product Folder Link(s): TLC5943 TLC5943 www.ti.com SBVS101 – DECEMBER 2007 BCSEL TSU4 TSU3 SIN GS0 0A GS15 15B GS15 14B GS15 13B GS15 12B TH3 GS0 3B GS15 11B TH0 TSU0 GS0 2B GS0 0B GS0 1B TWH0 TH1 TSU1 SCLK 1 2 3 4 5 253 254 255 256 TH2 TWL0 TWH0 GSCLK 65,534 65,535 65,536 65,537 65,538 TWL0 TGSCLK TWH1 XLAT TSU6 TWH1 BLANK TSU2 Latched Data for Grayscale (Internal) SOUT Previous Data GS15 15A tD0 GS15 GS15 14A 13A GS15 12A GS15 11A GS15 10A GS0 3A GS0 2A GS0 1A GS0 0A Latest Data GS15 15B LOD 15 LOD 13 LOD 14 LOD 12 LOD 11 tR0/tF0 LOD 10 LOD 9 tD1 Turning off outputs with the BLANK signal (all GS data are greater than 0300h): OUT 0, 4, 8, 12 OFF ON (VOUTnH) (VOUTnL) tD2 OUT OFF 1, 5, 9, 13 ON If GS data = FFFFh (65535d) tF1 tD3 tR1 OUT OFF 2, 6, 10, 14 ON tD4 OUT OFF 3, 7, 11, 15 ON tD5 Turning off outputs with GSCLK (all GS data are set to 0001h): OUT 0, 4, 8, 12 OFF ON tD2 OUT OFF 1, 5, 9, 13 ON tD3 OUT OFF 2, 6, 10, 14 ON tD4 OUT OFF 3, 7, 11, 15 ON tD5 tOUTON tOUTON tOUTON tOUTON tON_ERR = tOUTON - TGSCLK Figure 11. Grayscale Data Write and Constant Current Output Timing Submit Documentation Feedback Copyright © 2007, Texas Instruments Incorporated Product Folder Link(s): TLC5943 11 TLC5943 www.ti.com SBVS101 – DECEMBER 2007 BCSEL TSU4 TH3 TSU3 SIN BC 7B N/A BC 6B BC 5B BC 4B BC 3B BC 2B BC 1B BC 7C BC 0B BC 6C BC 5C BC 4C BC 3C BC 2C BC 1C BC 0C TH0 TSU0 TH2 TSU1 TWH0 SCLK 1 2 3 4 5 7 6 TWL0 1 8 2 3 4 5 7 6 8 TH1 TWH1 XLAT Latched Data for Brightness Control (Internal) Previous Data New BC Data tD0 BC 7A SOUT BC 6A BC 5A BC 4A BC 3A BC 2A BC 1A BC 7B BC 0A BC 6B BC 5B BC 4B BC 3B BC 2B BC 1B BC 7C BC 0B tR0/tF0 Figure 12. Brightness Control Data Write Timing BCSEL Low ('L') level The SCLK falling edge must be prior to the XLAT rising edge in case SID is read. SIN GS0 0A GS0 1A 255 256 GS15 15B GS15 14B GS15 13B GS15 12B GS15 11B 1 2 3 4 5 TSU1 GS15 2B GS15 1B 14 15 13 GS15 0B GS14 15B 16 GS14 14B 17 GS14 12B GS14 13B 18 19 20 GS0 0B GS0 1B 254 255 256 SCLK TH1 TWH1 TSU5 XLAT tD0 SOUT GS0 0 GS15 15A LOD 15 LOD 14 LOD 13 LOD 12 LOD 3 LOD 2 LOD 1 LOD 0 256 255 254 253 244 243 242 241 TEF GS14 14A GS14 13A GS0 1A GS0 0A 239 238 2 1 GS15 15B SID are entered in the GS shift register at the first rising edge of SCLK after XLAT goes low. The SID readout consists of the saved LOD result at the 33rd GSCLK rising edge in the previous display period and the TEF data after the previous TEF data readout. Figure 13. Status Information Data Read Timing 12 Submit Documentation Feedback Copyright © 2007, Texas Instruments Incorporated Product Folder Link(s): TLC5943 TLC5943 www.ti.com SBVS101 – DECEMBER 2007 TYPICAL CHARACTERISTICS At VCC = 3.3 V and TA = +25°C, unless otherwise noted. REFERENCE RESISTOR vs OUTPUT CURRENT 10000 POWER DISSIPATION RATE vs FREE-AIR TEMPERATURE 4000 Power Dissipation Rate (mW) Reference Resistor (W) 9840 4920 3280 2460 1968 1640 1406 1230 1093 TLC5943PWP PowerPAD Soldered TLC5943RHB 3000 2000 TLC5943PWP PowerPAD Not Soldered 1000 984 0 1000 0 30 20 10 40 50 -40 -20 Output Current (mA) 60 Figure 15. OUTPUT CURRENT vs OUTPUT VOLTAGE OUTPUT CURRENT vs OUTPUT VOLTAGE 55 53 40 IO = 30 mA 30 IO = 20 mA 20 IO = 10 mA 10 0 2.0 2.5 TA = +85°C 51 50 49 TA = -40°C TA = +25°C 48 46 45 0 3.0 0.5 1.5 1.0 2.0 Output Voltage (V) Output Voltage (V) Figure 16. Figure 17. ΔIOLC vs AMBIENT TEMPERATURE ΔIOLC vs OUTPUT CURRENT 5 IO = 50 mA BC = 7Fh 3 3 2 2 1 0 3.0 1 0 -1 -1 -2 -2 -3 2.5 TA = +25°C BC = 7Fh 4 DIOLC (%) DIOLC (%) 1.5 1.0 0.5 52 47 IO = 5 mA 0 4 100 IO = 50 mA BC = 7Fh 54 IO = 50 mA Output Current (mA) Output Current (mA) Figure 14. IO = 40 mA 5 80 60 40 Free-Air Temperature (°C) TA = +25°C BC = 7Fh 50 20 0 -3 VCC = 3.3 V -4 VCC = 3.3 V -4 VCC = 5 V -5 VCC = 5 V -5 -40 -20 0 20 40 60 80 100 0 10 20 30 Ambient Temperature (°C) Output Current (mA) Figure 18. Figure 19. 40 Submit Documentation Feedback Copyright © 2007, Texas Instruments Incorporated Product Folder Link(s): TLC5943 50 13 TLC5943 www.ti.com SBVS101 – DECEMBER 2007 TYPICAL CHARACTERISTICS (continued) At VCC = 3.3 V and TA = +25°C, unless otherwise noted. BRIGHTNESS CONTROL LINEARITY BRIGHTNESS CONTROL LINEARITY 60 60 TA = +25°C IOLCMax = 50 mA 50 IOLCMax = 50 mA Output Current (mA) Output Current (mA) 50 40 30 20 IOLCMax = 30 mA 10 40 30 20 TA = -40°C TA = +25°C 10 IOLCMax = 5 mA TA = +85°C 0 0 0 20 40 60 80 100 120 0 140 20 40 60 80 100 Brightness Control Data (dec) Brightness Control Data (dec) Figure 20. Figure 21. 120 140 CONSTANT CURRENT OUTPUT VOLTAGE WAVEFORM CH1-GSCLK (30 MHz) CH1 (2 V/div) CH2 (2 V/div) CH3 (2 V/div) CH2-OUT0 (GSData = 0x001h) IOLCMax = 50 mA, BC = 7Fh TA = +25°C,RL = 82 W CL = 15 pF, VLED = 5 V CH3-OUT15 (GSData = 0x001h) Time (25 ns/div) Figure 22. 14 Submit Documentation Feedback Copyright © 2007, Texas Instruments Incorporated Product Folder Link(s): TLC5943 TLC5943 www.ti.com SBVS101 – DECEMBER 2007 DETAILED DESCRIPTION Setting for the Maximum Constant Sink Current Value On the TLC5943, the maximum constant current sink value for each channel, IOLCMax, is determined by an external resistor, RIREF, placed between the IREF and GND pins. The RIREF resistor value is calculated with Equation 1: RIREF (kW) = VIREF (V) ´ 41 IOLCMax (mA) (1) Where: • VIREF = the internal reference voltage on the IREF pin (typically 1.20 V) IOLCMax is the largest current for all outputs. Each output sinks the IOLCMax current when it is turned on and the brightness control data are set to the maximum value of 7Fh (127d). The sink current for each output can be reduced by lowering the brightness control data. RIREF must be between 984 Ω (typ) and 9.84 kΩ (typ) in order to keep IOLCMax between 5 mA and 50 mA. The output may become unstable when IOLCMax is set lower than 5 mA. However, output currents lower than 5 mA can be achieved by setting IOLCMax to 5 mA or higher, and then using brightness control to lower the output current. Figure 14 in the Typical Characteristics and Table 1 show the characteristics of the constant sink current versus the external resistor, RIREF. Table 1. Maximum Constant Current Output versus External Resistor Value IOLCMax (mA, Typical) RIREF (Ω) 50 984 45 1093 40 1230 35 1406 30 1640 25 1968 20 2460 15 3280 10 4920 5 9840 Submit Documentation Feedback Copyright © 2007, Texas Instruments Incorporated Product Folder Link(s): TLC5943 15 TLC5943 www.ti.com SBVS101 – DECEMBER 2007 Brightness Control (BC) Function The TLC5943 is able to adjust the output current of all channels (OUT0 to OUT15). This function is called brightness control (BC). The BC function allows users to adjust the global brightness of LEDs connected to the outputs OUT0 to OUT15. All channel output currents can be adjusted in 128 steps from 0% to 100% of the maximum output current, IOLCMax. The brightness control data are entered into the TLC5943 via the serial interface. Equation 2 determines the sink current for each output (OUTn): IOUTn (mA) = IOLCMax (mA) ´ ( BCn ) 127d (2) Where: • • IOLCMax = the maximum channel current for each channel determined by RIREF BCn = the programmed brightness control value for OUTn (BCn = 0 to 127d) When the IC is powered on, the data in the Brightness Control Shift Register and data latch 1 and 2 are not set to any default values. Therefore, BC data must be written to the BC latch 1 and 2 before turning on the constant current output. Table 2 summarizes the BC data versus current ratio and set current value. Table 2. BC Data versus Current Ratio and Set Current Value 16 BC DATA (Binary) BC DATA (Decimal) BC DATA (Hex) SET CURRENT RATIO TO MAX CURRENT (%) OUTPUT CURRENT (mA, Typical) AT IOLCMax = 50 mA OUTPUT CURRENT (mA, Typical) AT IOLCMax = 5 mA 000 0000 0 00 0.0 0.0 0.00 000 0001 1 01 0.8 0.4 0.04 000 0010 2 02 1.6 0.8 0.08 ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... 111 1101 125 7D 98.4 49.2 4.92 111 1110 126 7E 99.2 49.6 4.96 111 1111 127 7F 100.0 50.0 5.00 Submit Documentation Feedback Copyright © 2007, Texas Instruments Incorporated Product Folder Link(s): TLC5943 TLC5943 www.ti.com SBVS101 – DECEMBER 2007 Grayscale (GS) Function (Enhanced Spectrum PWM Operation) The TLC5943 has an enhanced spectrum pulse-width modulation (ES PWM) function. In this PWM control, the total display period is divided to 128 display segments. Total display period means the timing from the first grayscale clock (GSCLK) input to the 65,536th grayscale clock input after BLANK goes low. Each display period has 512 grayscale as a maximum. The driver (OUTn) on time changes depending on the 16-bit grayscale data. Refer to Table 3 for sequence information and Figure 23 for timing information. Table 3. ES PWM Drive Turn-On Time Length GS DATA (Dec) GS DATA (Hex) OUTn DRIVER OPERATION 0 0000h No turn on 1 0001h Turns on during 1GSCLK period in first display period 2 0002h Turns on during 1GSCLK period in first and 65th display periods 3 0003h Turns on during 1GSCLK period in first, 65th, and 33rd display periods 4 0004h Turns on during 1GSCLK period in first, 65th, 33rd, and 97th display periods 5 0005h Turns on during 1GSCLK period in first, 65th, 33rd, 97th, and 17th display periods 6 0006h Turns on during 1GSCLK period in first, 65th, 33rd, 97th, 17th, and 81st display periods --- --- The number of display periods in which OUTn turns on during 1GSCLK is increased by GS data increasing in the following order. The display period order in which OUTn turns on : 1>65>33>97>17>81>49>113>9>73>41>105>25>89>57>121>5>69>37>101>21> 85>53>117>13>77>45>109>29>93>61>125>3>67>35>99>19>83>51>115>11> 75>43>107>27>91>59>123>7>71>39>103>23>87>55>119>15>79>47>111>31> 95>63>127>2>66>34>98>18>82>50>114>10>74>42>106>26>90>58>122>6>70> 38>102>22>86>54>118>14>78>46>110>30>94>62>126>4>68>36>100>20>84> 52>116>12>76>44>108>28>92>60>124>8>72>40>104>24>88>56>120>16>80> 48>112>32>96>64>128. 127 007Fh Turns on during 1GSCLK period in first through 127th display period. No turn on in 128th display period only. 128 0080h Turns on during 1GSCLK period in all (1 through 128th) display periods. 129 0081h Turns on during 2GSCLK periods in first display period and 1GSCLK period in other display periods. --- --- 255 00FFh Turns on during 2GSCLKs period in 1 through 127th display period and turns on 1GSCLK period in 128th display period only. 256 0100h Turns on during 2GSCLK periods in all (1 through 128th) display periods. 257 0101h Turns on during 3GSCLK periods in first display period and 2GSCLK periods in other display periods. --- --- Display period in which OUTn turn-on time increases by GS data, increasing as does above operation 65478 FEFFh Turns on during 511 GSCLK period in 1 through 127th display period and turns on 510 GSCLK period in 128th display period only. 65279 FF00h Turns on during 511 GSCLK period in all (1 through 128th) display periods. 65280 FF01h Turns on during 512 GSCLK period in first display period + 511 GSCLK period in second through 128th display period. --- --- 65534 FFFEh Turns on during 512 GSCLK period in first through 63rd and 65th through 127th display period, and turns on 511 GSCLK period in 64th and 128th display periods. 65535 FFFFh Turns on during 512 GSCLK period in first through 127th display periods, and turns on 511 GSCLK period in 128th display period only. The number of display periods in which OUTn turns on during 2GSCLKs increases by GS data as when GS is 130 through 254. Display period in which OUTn turn-on time increases by GS data, increasing as does above operation Submit Documentation Feedback Copyright © 2007, Texas Instruments Incorporated Product Folder Link(s): TLC5943 17 TLC5943 www.ti.com SBVS101 – DECEMBER 2007 Constant Current Driver ON/OFF Tming in ES-PWM BLANK 1 2 3 512 514 511 513 16,383 16,385 16,387 32,767 32,769 32,771 49,151 49,153 49,155 65,024 65,026 65,535 16,382 16,384 16,386 32,766 32,768 32,770 49,150 49,152 49,154 65,023 65,025 65,534 65,536 GSCLK 32nd Period 33rd Period ¼ ¼ 2nd Period 64th 65th Period Period ¼ OUTn 1st Period 96th Period 97th Period ¼ Voltage level = High ('H') 127th Period 128th Period 1st Period OFF ON Voltage level = Low ('L’) (GSDATA = 000h) T = GSCLK ´ 1d OUTn OFF ON (GSDATA = 001h) T = GSCLK ´ 1d OUTn ON (GSDATA = 002h) OUTn If Auto Repeat is enabled T = GSCLK ´ 1d OFF OFF T = GSCLK ´ 1d T = GSCLK ´ 1d T = GSCLK ´ 1d ON (GSDATA = 003h) T = GSCLK ´ 1d T = GSCLK ´ 1d T = GSCLK ´ 1d OUTn T = GSCLK ´ 1d OFF ON ¼ ¼ (GSDATA = 004h) T = GSCLK ´ 1d T = GSCLK ´ 1d T = GSCLK ´ 1d T = GSCLK ´ 1d T = GSCLK ´ 1d OUTn OFF ON ¼ ¼ (GSDATA = 0041h) T = GSCLK ´ 1d OUTn OFF T = GSCLK ´ 1d T = GSCLK ´ 1d T = GSCLK ´ 1d T = GSCLK ´ 2d T = GSCLK ´ 1d T = GSCLK ´ 1d T = GSCLK ´ 1d T = GSCLK ´ 1d T = GSCLK ´ 1d T = GSCLK ´ 2d T = GSCLK ´ 1d T = GSCLK ´ 1d T = GSCLK ´ 1d T = GSCLK ´ 1d ON (GSDATA = 0081h) OUTn T = GSCLK ´ 1d ON (GSDATA = 0080h) OUTn T = GSCLK ´ 1d OFF OFF T = GSCLK ´ 2d ON T = GSCLK ´ 511d OUTn T = GSCLK ´ 511d in 2nd through 128th Periods OFF ON (GSDATA = FFC0h) OUTn ¼ ¼ (GSDATA = 0082h) T = GSCLK ´ 511d in 2nd through 128th Periods T = GSCLK ´ 512d OFF ON ¼ ¼ (GSDATA = FFC1h) OUTn T = GSCLK ´ 512d T = GSCLK ´ 512d in 2nd through 63rd and 65th through 127th Periods; T = GSCLK ´ 511d in 64th Period T = GSCLK ´ 511d T = GSCLK ´ 512d T = GSCLK ´ 512d in 2nd through 127th Periods T = GSCLK ´ 511d OFF ON (GSDATA = FFFEh) OUTn OFF ON (GSDATA = FFFFh) Figure 23. PWM Operation Timing 18 Submit Documentation Feedback Copyright © 2007, Texas Instruments Incorporated Product Folder Link(s): TLC5943 TLC5943 www.ti.com SBVS101 – DECEMBER 2007 When the IC powers on, the data in the Grayscale Shift Register and latch 1/2 are not set to any default value. Therefore, grayscale data must be written to the Grayscale latch before turning on the constant current output. Additionally, BLANK should be high when the device turns on, to prevent the outputs from turning on before the proper grayscale and brightness control values can be written. All constant current outputs are always off when BLANK is high. Equation 3 determines each output (OUTn) total on time (tOUTON): tOUTON (ns) = TGSCLK (ns) ´ GSn (3) Where: • • TGSCLK = the period of GSCLK GSn = the programmed grayscale value for OUTn (GSn = 0 to 65,535d) Table 4 summarizes the GS data versus OUTn on duty and on time. Table 4. GS Data versus OUTn Total On Duty GS DATA (Decimal) GS DATA (Hex) ON-TIME DUTY (%) GS DATA (Decimal) GS DATA (Hex) ON-TIME DUTY (%) 0 1 0 0 32768 8000 50.001 1 0.002 32769 8001 50.002 2 2 0.003 32770 8002 50.004 3 3 0.005 32771 8003 50.005 --- --- --- --- --- --- 8191 1FFF 12.499 40959 9FFF 62.499 8192 2000 12.5 40960 A000 62.501 8193 2001 12.502 40961 A001 62.502 --- --- --- --- --- --- 16381 3FFD 24.996 49149 BFFD 74.997 16382 3FFE 24.997 49150 C000 74.998 16383 3FFF 24.999 49151 C001 75 16384 4000 25 49152 C002 75.001 16385 4001 25.002 49153 C003 75.003 16386 4002 25.003 49154 C004 75.004 16387 4003 25.005 49155 C005 75.006 --- --- --- --- --- --- 24575 5FFF 37.499 57343 DFFF 87.5 24576 6000 37.501 57344 E000 87.501 24577 6001 37.502 57345 E001 87.503 --- --- 32765 7FFD 49.996 65533 FFFD 99.997 32766 7FFE 49.998 65534 FFFE 99.998 32767 7FFF 49.999 65535 FFFF 100 --- --- Submit Documentation Feedback Copyright © 2007, Texas Instruments Incorporated Product Folder Link(s): TLC5943 19 TLC5943 www.ti.com SBVS101 – DECEMBER 2007 Auto Display Repeat Function This function can repeat the total display period without a BLANK signal as long as GSCLK is input as Figure 24 shows. This function can be switched on or off by the data of bit 7 in the first latch of the Brightness Control. When bit 7 is '1', Auto Repeat is enabled and the entire display period repeats without a BLANK signal. When bit 7 is '0', Auto Repeat is disabled and the entire display period executes only one time after the falling edge of BLANK. BLANK 1 2 3 4 5 65,534 65,536 65,535 1 2 3 4 5 ¼65,533 65,534 65,536 65,535 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 ¼ 65,533 1 2 65,534 65,536 65,535 1 2 ¼ GSCLK Brightness 1st Latch Bit 7 Bit 7 = ‘1’ (Auto Repeat On) Bit 7 = ‘0’ (Auto Repeat Off) 1st of 128 display period Display period repeated by Auto Refresh function OFF OUTn (GSData = FFFFh) 2nd of 128 display period 3rd of 128 display period OUTn is forced off when BLANK goes high 1st of 128 display period OUTn is not turned on until next BLANK falling edge ON Figure 24. Auto Repeat Display Function Timing 20 Submit Documentation Feedback Copyright © 2007, Texas Instruments Incorporated Product Folder Link(s): TLC5943 TLC5943 www.ti.com SBVS101 – DECEMBER 2007 Auto Data Refresh Function This function allows users to input Grayscale (GS) data or Brightness Control (BC) data any time without synchronizing the input to the BLANK signal. If GS data or BC data are input during a display period, the input data are held in the first latch for each data register. Data are then transferred to the second latch when the 65,536th GSCLK occurs. The second latch data are used for the next display period. Figure 25 through Figure 27 show the timing. However, when the high level signal of BLANK occurs before the 65,536th GSCLK, then the first latch data upload to the second latch immediately. Also, when the XLAT rising edge inputs while BLANK is at a high level, then the selected shift register data are transferred to the first and second latch at the same time. Bit 7 data of BC update immediately whenever the data are written into the first latch. SIN GS0 4A GS0 3A GS0 2A GS0 1B 251 252 253 254 255 GS0 0A BC 7A BC 6A BC 5A BC 4A BC 3A BC 2A BC 1A 2 3 4 5 6 7 BC 0A GS15 15B GS15 14B GS15 13B GS15 12B 1 2 3 4 SCLK BCSEL 256 1 Low level ('L') = Grayscale Register is selected 8 High level ('H') = Brightness Register is selected XLAT 65,536 65,535 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 GSCLK BLANK Low level ('L') GS Shift Register (Internal) Latest Grayscale Data GSData 1st Latch (Internal) Previous Grayscale Data Latest Grayscale Data GSData 2nd Latch (Internal) BC Shift Register (Internal) Previous Grayscale Data Latest Grayscale Data Previous Brightness Data Latest Brightness Data BCData 1st Latch (Internal) Previous Brightness Data BCData 2nd Latch (Internal) Previous Brightness Data (Bit 0-Bit 6) OFF OUTn Latest Brightness Data Latest Brightness Data (Bit 0-Bit 6) PWM/Brightness Controlled by Previous Data PWM/Brightness Controlled by Latest Data ON SOUT GS0 4 GS0 3 GS0 2 GS0 1 GS0 0 GS15 15A BC 7 BC 6 BC 5 BC 4 BC 3 BC 2 BC 1 BC 0 BC 7A GS15 15A GS15 14A GS15 13A GS15 12A GS15 11A If there is no BLANK input when Auto Repeat is enabled. Figure 25. Auto Refresh Data Function Timing 1 Submit Documentation Feedback Copyright © 2007, Texas Instruments Incorporated Product Folder Link(s): TLC5943 21 TLC5943 www.ti.com SBVS101 – DECEMBER 2007 SIN GS0 4A GS0 3A GS0 2A GS0 1B 251 252 253 254 255 GS0 0A BC 7A BC 6A BC 5A BC 4A BC 3A BC 2A BC 1A 2 3 4 5 6 7 BC 0A GS15 15B GS15 14B GS15 13B GS15 12B 1 2 3 4 SCLK BCSEL 256 1 Low level ('L') = Grayscale Register is selected 8 High level ('H') = Brightness Register is selected XLAT 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 GSCLK BLANK Low level ('L') GS Shift Register (Internal) GSData 1st Latch (Internal) Latest Grayscale Data Previous Grayscale Data Latest Grayscale Data GSData 2nd Latch (Internal) BC Shift Register (Internal) Previous Grayscale Data Latest Grayscale Data Previous Brightness Data Latest Brightness Data BCData 1st Latch (Internal) Previous Brightness Data BCData 2nd Latch (Internal) Previous Brightness Data (Bit 0-Bit 6) OFF OUTn Latest Brightness Data Latest Brightness Data (Bit 0-Bit 6) PWM/Brightness Controlled by Previous Data PWM/Brightness Controlled by Latest Data ON SOUT GS0 4 GS0 3 GS0 2 GS0 1 GS0 0 GS15 15A BC 7 BC 6 BC 5 BC 4 BC 3 BC 2 BC 1 BC 0 BC 7A GS15 15A GS15 14A GS15 13A GS15 12A GS15 11A When the BLANK input occurs after XLAT. Figure 26. Auto Refresh Data Function Timing 2 22 Submit Documentation Feedback Copyright © 2007, Texas Instruments Incorporated Product Folder Link(s): TLC5943 TLC5943 www.ti.com SIN SBVS101 – DECEMBER 2007 GS0 4A GS0 3A GS0 2A GS0 1B 251 252 253 254 255 GS0 0A BC 7A BC 6A BC 5A BC 4A BC 3A BC 2A BC 1A 2 3 4 5 6 7 BC 0A GS15 15B GS15 14B GS15 13B GS15 12B 1 2 3 4 SCLK BCSEL 256 1 8 High level ('H') = Brightness Register is selected Low level ('L') = Grayscale Register is selected XLAT 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 GSCLK BLANK Low level ('L') GS Shift Register (Internal) Latest Grayscale Data GSData 1st Latch (Internal) Previous Grayscale Data Latest Grayscale Data GSData 2nd Latch (Internal) Previous Grayscale Data Latest Grayscale Data BC Shift Register (Internal) Previous Brightness Data Latest Brightness Data BCData 1st Latch (Internal) Previous Brightness Data Latest Brightness Data BCData 2nd Latch (Internal) Previous Brightness Data (Bit 0-Bit 6) Latest Brightness Data (Bit 0-Bit 6) OFF OUTn PWM/Brightness Controlled by Previous Data PWM/Brightness Controlled by Latest Data ON SOUT GS0 4 GS0 3 GS0 2 GS0 1 GS0 0 GS15 15A BC 7 BC 6 BC 5 BC 4 BC 3 BC 2 BC 1 BC 0 BC GS15 7A 15A BC 7A GS15 15A GS15 14A GS15 13A GS15 12A GS15 11A When the BLANK input occurs with XLAT. Figure 27. Auto Refresh Data Function Timing 3 Submit Documentation Feedback Copyright © 2007, Texas Instruments Incorporated Product Folder Link(s): TLC5943 23 TLC5943 www.ti.com SBVS101 – DECEMBER 2007 Grayscale (GS) Shift Register and Data Latch The Grayscale (GS) Shift Register and data latch 1 and 2 are each 256 bits in length, and set the PWM timing for each constant current driver. See Table 4 for the ON time duty of each GS data bit. Figure 28 shows the shift register and latch configuration. Refer to Figure 11 for the timing diagram for writing data into the GS shift register and latch. The driver on time is controlled by the data in the GS second data latch. GS data can be set into the latch by the rising edge of XLAT with BCSEL = low after writing data into the GS shift register with SIN and GSCLK with BCSEL = low. A BCSEL level change occurs during SCLK = low, and after 100 ns from the rising edge of XLAT. When the device powers up, the data in the GS shift register and latches are not set to any default value. Therefore, GS data must be written to the GS latch before turning on the constant current output. Also, BLANK should be at a high level when powering on the device, because the constant current may be turned on as well. All constant current output is off when BLANK is at a high level. GS Data for OUT15 GS Data for OUT0 MSB 255 240 239 16 15 LSB 0 GS Data for Bit 15 of OUT15 GS Data for Bit 0 of OUT15 GS Data for Bit 15 of OUT14 GS Data for Bit 0 of OUT1 GS Data for Bit 15 of OUT0 GS Data for Bit 0 of OUT0 ¼ ¼ ¼ SIN with BCSEL = low SCLK with BCSEL = low Grayscale Shift Register (16 Bits x 16 Channels) ¼ ¼ GS Data for OUT14 GS Data for OUT15 MSB 255 GS Data for Bit 15 of OUT15 ¼ 240 239 GS Data for Bit 0 of OUT15 GS Data for Bit 15 of OUT14 ¼ ¼ GS Data for OUT1 ¼ GS Data for OUT0 LSB 0 16 15 GS Data for Bit 0 of OUT1 GS Data for Bit 15 of OUT0 ¼ GS Data for Bit 0 of OUT0 XLAT with BCSEL = low Grayscale Data Latch 1 (16 Bits x 16 Channels) ¼ ¼ GS Data for OUT14 GS Data for OUT15 MSB 255 GS Data for Bit 15 of OUT15 ¼ 240 239 GS Data for Bit 0 of OUT15 GS Data for Bit 15 of OUT14 ¼ ¼ GS Data for OUT1 ¼ GS Data for OUT0 16 15 GS Data for Bit 0 of OUT1 GS Data for Bit 15 of OUT0 LSB 0 ¼ GS Data for Bit 0 of OUT0 65,536th GSCLK when Auto Repeat is enabled or Blank with BCSEL = low Grayscale Data Latch 2 (16 Bits x 16 Channels) 256 Bits To PWM Timing Control Block Figure 28. Grayscale Shift Register and Data Latch Configuration 24 Submit Documentation Feedback Copyright © 2007, Texas Instruments Incorporated Product Folder Link(s): TLC5943 TLC5943 www.ti.com SBVS101 – DECEMBER 2007 Brightness Control (BC) Shift Register and Data Latch The Brightness Control (BC) data shift register and the first latch are each 8 bits long; the second latch is 7 bits long. The lower 7 bits in the latch are used to adjust the constant current value for all channels of the constant current driver. The MSB of the first latch is used for the auto repeat mode setting. Table 5 shows the ratio of setting the current value against the maximum current value for each BC data point. Figure 29 shows the shift register and latch configuration for BC data. Figure 12 shows the timing for writing data. The driver constant current value is controlled by the data in the second BC data latch. BC data can be set into the latch at the rising edge of XLAT with BCSEL = high after writing the data into the BC Shift Register by SIN and SCLK with BCSEL = high. A BCSEL level change occurs during SCLK = low and after 100 ns from the rising edge of XLAT. When powered up, the data in the BC Shift Register and latches are not set to any default value. Therefore, brightness data must be written to the BC latch before turning on the constant current output. Table 5. BC Data vs Current Ratio SOUT BC Data (Dec) BC Data (Lower 7 Bits; Hex) Ratio of Setting Current Value Against MAX Value (%) 0 0 0 1 1 0.8 2 2 1.6 2.4 3 3 --- --- --- 125 7D 98.4 126 7E 99.2 127 7F 100 MSB 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 LSB 0 Auto-Repeat 1 = Repeat BC Data for Bit 6 BC Data for Bit 5 BC Data for Bit 4 BC Data for Bit 3 BC Data for Bit 2 BC Data for Bit 1 BC Data for Bit 0 Brightness/Auto Repeat Control Shift Register (8 Bits) MSB 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 LSB 0 Auto-Repeat 1 = Repeat BC Data for Bit 6 BC Data for Bit 5 BC Data for Bit 4 BC Data for Bit 3 BC Data for Bit 2 BC Data for Bit 1 BC Data for Bit 0 Shift Data SIN with BCSEL = high Shift Clock SCLK with BCSEL = high Latch Signal XLAT rising edge with BCSEL = high Brightness/Auto Repeat Control Data Latch 1 (8 Bits) MSB 6 5 4 3 2 1 LSB 0 BC Data for Bit 6 BC Data for Bit 5 BC Data for Bit 4 BC Data for Bit 3 BC Data for Bit 2 BC Data for Bit 1 BC Data for Bit 0 Latch Signal 65,536th GSCLK when Auto Repeat is enabled or BLANK with BCSEL = high Brightness Control Data Latch 2 (7 Bits) 1 Bit To PWM Control Block 7 Bits To Constant Current Driver Figure 29. Brightness Control Shift Register and Latch Configuration Submit Documentation Feedback Copyright © 2007, Texas Instruments Incorporated Product Folder Link(s): TLC5943 25 TLC5943 www.ti.com SBVS101 – DECEMBER 2007 Status Information Data (SID) Status information data (SID) are 17-bit, read-only data. Both the LED open detection (LOD) error and the thermal error flag (TEF) are shifted out onto the SOUT pin with each rising edge of the shift clock, SCLK. The 16 LOD bits for each channel and the TEF bit are written into the 17 most significant bits of the Grayscale Shift Register at the rising edge of the first SCLK after XLAT goes low. As a result, the previous data in the 17 most significant bits are lost at the same time. No data are loaded into the other 175 bits. Figure 30 shows the bit assignments. Figure 13 illustrates the read timing for the status information data. Status Information Data (SID) Configuration LOD Data of OUT15 to OUT0 TEF (1 Bit) MSB 16 15 ¼ 2 1 OUT15 LOD Data OUT14 LOD Data ¼ OUT1 LOD Data OUT0 LOD Data LSB 0 TEF Data The 16 LOD bits for each channel and the TEF bit overwrite the most significant 17 bits of the Grayscale Shift Register at the rising edge of the first SCLK after XLAT goes low. ¼ GS Data for OUT15 MSB 255 SOUT 254 GS Data for OUT14-OUT1 241 OUT15-Bit15 OUT15-Bit1 (LOD-OUT15) (LOD-OUT14) ¼ 240 239 OUT15-Bit1 OUT15-Bit0 OUT14-Bit15 (LOD-OUT1) (LOD-OUT0) (TEF) ¼ GS Data for OUT0 16 15 OUT1-Bit0 OUT0-Bit15 LSB 0 ¼ OUT0-Bit0 SIN SCLK (BCSEL = low) Grayscale Shift Register (16 Bits ´ 16 Channels) Figure 30. Status Information Data Configuration The LOD data update at the rising edge of the 33rd GSCLK pulse after BLANK goes low; the LOD data are retained until the next 33rd GSCLK. LOD data are only checked for outputs that are turned on during the rising edge of the 33rd GSCLK pulse. A '1' in an LOD bit indicates an open LED or short LED to GND condition for the corresponding channel. A '0' indicates normal operation. LOD shows a '0' even if the LED is open or shorted to GND when the grayscale data are less than 1000h (4096d). Therefore, grayscale data must be greater than 1001h (4097d) to correctly receive LOD data. The TEF bit indicates that the IC temperature is too high. The flag also indicates that the IC has turned off all drivers to avoid damage by overheating the device. A '1' in the TEF bit means that the IC temperature has exceeded the detect temperature threshold (T(TEF)) and the driver is turned off. A '0' in the TEF bit indicates normal operating temperature conditions. The IC automatically turns the drivers back on when the IC temperature decreases to less than T(TEF) –T(HYS). When the IC powers on, LOD data do not show correct values. Therefore, LOD data must be read from the 33rd GSCLK pulse input after BLANK goes low. Table 6 shows a truth table for both LOD and TEF. Table 6. LOD and TEF Truth Table CONDITION 26 SID DATA LED OPEN DETECTION (LODn) THERMAL ERROR FLAG (TEF) 0 LED is connected (VOUTn > VLOD) Device temperature is low (temp ≤ T(TEF) –T(HYS)) 1 LED is open or shorted to GND (VOUTn ≤ VLOD) Device temperature is high (temp > T(TEF)) Submit Documentation Feedback Copyright © 2007, Texas Instruments Incorporated Product Folder Link(s): TLC5943 TLC5943 www.ti.com SBVS101 – DECEMBER 2007 Noise Reduction Large surge currents may flow through the IC and the printed circuit board (PCB) on which the device is mounted if all 16 LED channels turn on simultaneously at the start of each grayscale cycle. These large current surges could introduce detrimental noise and electromagnetic interference (EMI) into other circuits. The TLC5943 turns on the LED channels in a series delay to provide a circuit soft-start feature. The output current sinks are grouped into four groups of four channels each. The first group is OUT0,4,8,12; the second group is OUT1,5,9,13; the third group is OUT2,6,10,14; and the fourth group is OUT3,7,11,15. Each group is turns on sequentially with a small delay between groups; see Figure 11. Both turn-on and turn-off are delayed. Continuous Base LED Open Detection When the 33rd GSCLK goes high in the first display period after a BLANK falling edge, the LED open detection (LOD) circuit checks the voltage of each constant current output (OUT0 through OUT15 = OUTn) that is turned on to detect open LEDs and short LEDs to GND. Then, if the voltage of OUTn is less than the LED open detection threshold (VLOD = 0.3 VTYP), it sets '1' as the error flag to the LOD error bit that corresponds with the error channel in the Status Information Data (SID) register. Also, the XERR pin level moves from Hi-Z at the same time. As a result, GS data should be over 1001h (4097d) to get the LOD result. The OUTn channel that has the detected LOD error is forced off to avoid an increase in the VCC supply current. OUTn turns on at the first GSCLK after a BLANK falling edge again. LOD data are kept until the next 33rd rising edge of GSCLK in the first display period after a BLANK falling edge. LOD is always '0' when grayscale data are less than 1001h (4097d). XERR is forced to a Hi-Z state while BLANK is high. When powered up, LOD data are not set to any default value. Therefore, SID data must be used after OUTn turns on with over 1001h GS data. Figure 31 shows the LED Open Detection timing. BLANK 1 2 3 4 30 31 32 33 34 35 65,534 65,536 65,533 65,535 1 2 3 30 31 32 33 34 35 GSCLK 1st GSCLK Period OUTn is turned off by Auto Off function if LOD error is detected OFF OUTn (Data = FFFFh) ON VOUTn GND SID Register Value (Internal) Old LED open detection data If no LOD error is detected If the OUTn voltage (VOUT) is less than VLOD (0.3 V, typ) at the rising edge of the 33rd GSCLK after the falling edge of BLANK, the LOD sets the SID bit corresponding to the output channel in which LED is open or shorted to GND equal to ‘1. New LED open detection data If no LOD error is detected 'Hi-Z’ XERR Low ('L') This LED Open Detection (LOD) data are kept until the next 33rd rising edge of GSCLK after BLANK goes low. Depends on LOD data Depends on previous If LOD error is detected LOD data Figure 31. LED Open Detection (LOD) Timing Submit Documentation Feedback Copyright © 2007, Texas Instruments Incorporated Product Folder Link(s): TLC5943 27 TLC5943 www.ti.com SBVS101 – DECEMBER 2007 Auto Output Off If the active OUTn channel is not connected to an LED or if LED is shorted to GND, then VCC consumption current increases. In order to avoid this event, the device has an auto output off function. This function turns off channel OUTn with a detected LED opening or LED shorting to GND at the 33rd GSCLK after BLANK goes low automatically. VCC current can be saved by this function. OUTn is controlled normally again after BLANK goes low. Figure 32 illustrates the auto output off function. VCC Dissipation Current BLANK 1 2 3 4 30 31 32 33 34 35 65,534 65,536 65,533 65,535 1 2 3 30 31 32 33 34 35 GSCLK If LOD error is detected OFF Voltage of OUTn ON VOUTn If no LOD error is detected GND SID Register Value (Internal) ON Signal of OUTn (Internal) (GS data = FFFFh) Old LED open detection data 'ON' New LED open detection data Remain 'On' (if no LOD error detected) 'OFF' 'ON' Remain 'On' (if no LOD error detected) 'OFF' Turn 'Off' (OUTn is turned off by Auto Off function if LOD error is detected) Turn 'Off' (OUTn is turned off by Auto Off function if LOD error is detected) Figure 32. Auto Output Off Function 28 Submit Documentation Feedback Copyright © 2007, Texas Instruments Incorporated Product Folder Link(s): TLC5943 TLC5943 www.ti.com SBVS101 – DECEMBER 2007 Thermal Shutdown and Thermal Error Flag The Thermal Shutdown (TSD) function turns off all of the constant current outputs on the IC immediately when the junction temperature (TJ) exceeds the threshold (T(TEF) = +162°C, typ) and sets the thermal error flag (TEF) to '1'. The XERR pin goes low at the same time. The XERR pin level and the TEF level are kept until the first SCLK falling edge after an XLAT falling edge of grayscale data. Then if TJ is still greater than T(TEF), TEF continues at '1' while XERR remains low. If TJ becomes less than T(TEF) –T(HYS), TEF is set to '0' and XERR becomes Hi-Z. XERR is not forced to a Hi-Z state while BLANK is high. Therefore, the error type TEF or LOD can be distinguished from the BLANK signal control. OUTn is turned on at the first GSCLK after the BLANK falling edge if TJ becomes less than T(TEF) – T(HYS) at the BLANK rising edge. When the IC powers on, TEF may be set and all output is forced off. Therefore, an XLAT pulse and a BLANK rising edge should be input once to turn on the output. Figure 33 illustrates the TEF/TSD/XERR timing sequence. BLANK XLAT SCLK 65,534 65,536 65,533 65,535 1 2 3 4 1 2 3 GSCLK IC Junction Temperature (TJ) TJ < T(TEF) TJ ³ T(TEF) TJ < T(TEF) - T(HYS) TJ ³ T(TEF) '1' TEF (Internal) '0' '0' 'Hi-Z’ Low ('L') XERR OFF OUTn OFF ON Figure 33. TEF/TSD/XERR timing POWER DISSIPATION CALCULATION The device power dissipation must be below the power dissipation rate of the device package (illustrated in Figure 15) to ensure correct operation. Equation 4 calculates the power dissipation of the device: PD = (VCC ´ ICC) + VOUT ´ IMAX ´ N ´ BCn ´ dPWM 127d (4) Where: • • • • • • • VCC = device supply voltage ICC = device supply current VOUT = OUTn voltage when driving LED current IMAX = LED current adjusted by R(IREF) resistor BCn = maximum BC value for OUTn N = number of OUTn driving LED at the same time dPWM = duty ratio defined by BLANK pin or GS PWM value Submit Documentation Feedback Copyright © 2007, Texas Instruments Incorporated Product Folder Link(s): TLC5943 29 PACKAGE OPTION ADDENDUM www.ti.com 17-Dec-2007 PACKAGING INFORMATION Orderable Device Status (1) Package Type Package Drawing Pins Package Eco Plan (2) Qty TLC5943PWP ACTIVE HTSSOP PWP 28 TLC5943PWPR ACTIVE HTSSOP PWP 28 50 Lead/Ball Finish MSL Peak Temp (3) Green (RoHS & no Sb/Br) CU NIPDAU Level-2-260C-1 YEAR 2000 Green (RoHS & no Sb/Br) CU NIPDAU Level-2-260C-1 YEAR (1) The marketing status values are defined as follows: ACTIVE: Product device recommended for new designs. LIFEBUY: TI has announced that the device will be discontinued, and a lifetime-buy period is in effect. NRND: Not recommended for new designs. Device is in production to support existing customers, but TI does not recommend using this part in a new design. PREVIEW: Device has been announced but is not in production. Samples may or may not be available. OBSOLETE: TI has discontinued the production of the device. (2) Eco Plan - The planned eco-friendly classification: Pb-Free (RoHS), Pb-Free (RoHS Exempt), or Green (RoHS & no Sb/Br) - please check http://www.ti.com/productcontent for the latest availability information and additional product content details. TBD: The Pb-Free/Green conversion plan has not been defined. Pb-Free (RoHS): TI's terms "Lead-Free" or "Pb-Free" mean semiconductor products that are compatible with the current RoHS requirements for all 6 substances, including the requirement that lead not exceed 0.1% by weight in homogeneous materials. Where designed to be soldered at high temperatures, TI Pb-Free products are suitable for use in specified lead-free processes. Pb-Free (RoHS Exempt): This component has a RoHS exemption for either 1) lead-based flip-chip solder bumps used between the die and package, or 2) lead-based die adhesive used between the die and leadframe. The component is otherwise considered Pb-Free (RoHS compatible) as defined above. Green (RoHS & no Sb/Br): TI defines "Green" to mean Pb-Free (RoHS compatible), and free of Bromine (Br) and Antimony (Sb) based flame retardants (Br or Sb do not exceed 0.1% by weight in homogeneous material) (3) MSL, Peak Temp. -- The Moisture Sensitivity Level rating according to the JEDEC industry standard classifications, and peak solder temperature. Important Information and Disclaimer:The information provided on this page represents TI's knowledge and belief as of the date that it is provided. TI bases its knowledge and belief on information provided by third parties, and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of such information. Efforts are underway to better integrate information from third parties. TI has taken and continues to take reasonable steps to provide representative and accurate information but may not have conducted destructive testing or chemical analysis on incoming materials and chemicals. TI and TI suppliers consider certain information to be proprietary, and thus CAS numbers and other limited information may not be available for release. In no event shall TI's liability arising out of such information exceed the total purchase price of the TI part(s) at issue in this document sold by TI to Customer on an annual basis. Addendum-Page 1 IMPORTANT NOTICE Texas Instruments Incorporated and its subsidiaries (TI) reserve the right to make corrections, modifications, enhancements, improvements, and other changes to its products and services at any time and to discontinue any product or service without notice. Customers should obtain the latest relevant information before placing orders and should verify that such information is current and complete. All products are sold subject to TI’s terms and conditions of sale supplied at the time of order acknowledgment. TI warrants performance of its hardware products to the specifications applicable at the time of sale in accordance with TI’s standard warranty. Testing and other quality control techniques are used to the extent TI deems necessary to support this warranty. Except where mandated by government requirements, testing of all parameters of each product is not necessarily performed. TI assumes no liability for applications assistance or customer product design. Customers are responsible for their products and applications using TI components. To minimize the risks associated with customer products and applications, customers should provide adequate design and operating safeguards. TI does not warrant or represent that any license, either express or implied, is granted under any TI patent right, copyright, mask work right, or other TI intellectual property right relating to any combination, machine, or process in which TI products or services are used. Information published by TI regarding third-party products or services does not constitute a license from TI to use such products or services or a warranty or endorsement thereof. Use of such information may require a license from a third party under the patents or other intellectual property of the third party, or a license from TI under the patents or other intellectual property of TI. Reproduction of TI information in TI data books or data sheets is permissible only if reproduction is without alteration and is accompanied by all associated warranties, conditions, limitations, and notices. Reproduction of this information with alteration is an unfair and deceptive business practice. TI is not responsible or liable for such altered documentation. Information of third parties may be subject to additional restrictions. Resale of TI products or services with statements different from or beyond the parameters stated by TI for that product or service voids all express and any implied warranties for the associated TI product or service and is an unfair and deceptive business practice. TI is not responsible or liable for any such statements. TI products are not authorized for use in safety-critical applications (such as life support) where a failure of the TI product would reasonably be expected to cause severe personal injury or death, unless officers of the parties have executed an agreement specifically governing such use. Buyers represent that they have all necessary expertise in the safety and regulatory ramifications of their applications, and acknowledge and agree that they are solely responsible for all legal, regulatory and safety-related requirements concerning their products and any use of TI products in such safety-critical applications, notwithstanding any applications-related information or support that may be provided by TI. Further, Buyers must fully indemnify TI and its representatives against any damages arising out of the use of TI products in such safety-critical applications. TI products are neither designed nor intended for use in military/aerospace applications or environments unless the TI products are specifically designated by TI as military-grade or "enhanced plastic." Only products designated by TI as military-grade meet military specifications. Buyers acknowledge and agree that any such use of TI products which TI has not designated as military-grade is solely at the Buyer's risk, and that they are solely responsible for compliance with all legal and regulatory requirements in connection with such use. TI products are neither designed nor intended for use in automotive applications or environments unless the specific TI products are designated by TI as compliant with ISO/TS 16949 requirements. Buyers acknowledge and agree that, if they use any non-designated products in automotive applications, TI will not be responsible for any failure to meet such requirements. Following are URLs where you can obtain information on other Texas Instruments products and application solutions: Products Applications Amplifiers amplifier.ti.com Audio www.ti.com/audio Data Converters dataconverter.ti.com Automotive www.ti.com/automotive DSP dsp.ti.com Broadband www.ti.com/broadband Interface interface.ti.com Digital Control www.ti.com/digitalcontrol Logic logic.ti.com Military www.ti.com/military Power Mgmt power.ti.com Optical Networking www.ti.com/opticalnetwork Microcontrollers microcontroller.ti.com Security www.ti.com/security RFID www.ti-rfid.com Telephony www.ti.com/telephony Low Power Wireless www.ti.com/lpw Video & Imaging www.ti.com/video Wireless www.ti.com/wireless Mailing Address: Texas Instruments, Post Office Box 655303, Dallas, Texas 75265 Copyright © 2007, Texas Instruments Incorporated