VNQ830P-E Quad channel high-side driver Features Type RDS(on) IOUT VCC VNQ830P-E 65 mΩ(1) 6A 36 V 1. Per each channel. ■ ECOPACK®: lead free and RoHS compliant ■ Automotive Grade: compliance with AEC guidelines ■ Very low standby current ■ CMOS compatible input ■ On-state open-load detection ■ Off-state open-load detection ■ Thermal shutdown protection and diagnosis ■ Undervoltage shutdown ■ Overvoltage clamp ■ Output stuck to VCC detection ■ Load current limitation ■ Reverse battery protection ■ Electrostatic discharge protection SO-28 (double island) Description The VNQ830P-E is a quad HSD formed by assembling two VND830P-E chips in the same SO-28 package. The VND830P-E is a monolithic device made using| STMicroelectronics™ VIPower™ M0-3 technology. The VNQ830P-E is intended for driving any type of multiple load with one side connected to ground. The active VCC pin voltage clamp protects the device against low energy spikes (see ISO7637 transient compatibility table). Active current limitation combined with thermal shutdown and automatic restart protects the device against overload. The device detects the open-load condition in both the on and off-state. In the off-state the device detects if the output is shorted to VCC. The device automatically turns off in the case where the ground pin becomes disconnected. Table 1. May 2010 Device summary Package Tube Tape and reel SO-28 VNQ830P-E VNQ830PTR-E Doc ID 10861 Rev 3 1/28 www.st.com 1 VNQ830P-E Contents Contents 1 Block diagram and pin description . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5 2 Electrical specifications . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7 3 2.1 Absolute maximum ratings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7 2.2 Thermal data . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8 2.3 Electrical characteristics . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8 2.4 Electrical characteristics curves . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15 Application information . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18 3.1 4 6 3.1.1 Solution 1: a resistor in the ground line (RGND only) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18 3.1.2 Solution 2: a diode (DGND) in the ground line . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19 3.2 Load dump protection . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19 3.3 MCU I/O protection . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19 3.4 Open-load detection in off-state . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20 3.5 Maximum demagnetization energy (VCC = 13.5 V) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21 Package and PCB thermal data . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 22 4.1 5 GND protection network against reverse battery . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18 SO-28 thermal data . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 22 Package and packing information . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25 5.1 ECOPACK® packages . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25 5.2 SO-28 packing information . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 26 Revision history . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 27 Doc ID 10861 Rev 3 2/28 VNQ830P-E List of tables List of tables Table 1. Table 2. Table 3. Table 4. Table 5. Table 6. Table 7. Table 8. Table 9. Table 10. Table 11. Table 12. Table 13. Table 14. Table 15. Table 16. Table 17. Device summary . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1 Suggested connections for unused and not connected pins . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6 Absolute maximum ratings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7 Thermal data (per island) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8 Power . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8 Protections . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9 VCC - output diode . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9 Switching (VCC = 13V; Tj = 25°C) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10 Logic inputs. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10 Status pin . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10 Open-load detection . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11 Truth table. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12 Electrical transient requirements . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13 Thermal calculation according to the PCB heatsink area . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 22 Thermal parameters . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 24 SO-28 mechanical data . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25 Document revision history . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 27 Doc ID 10861 Rev 3 3/28 VNQ830P-E List of figures List of figures Figure 1. Figure 2. Figure 3. Figure 4. Figure 5. Figure 6. Figure 7. Figure 8. Figure 9. Figure 10. Figure 11. Figure 12. Figure 13. Figure 14. Figure 15. Figure 16. Figure 17. Figure 18. Figure 19. Figure 20. Figure 21. Figure 22. Figure 23. Figure 24. Figure 25. Figure 26. Figure 27. Figure 28. Figure 29. Figure 30. Figure 31. Figure 32. Figure 33. Block diagram . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5 Configuration diagram (top view) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6 Current and voltage conventions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8 Status timings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11 Switching characteristics . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12 Waveforms . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14 Off-state output current . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15 High level input current . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15 Input clamp voltage. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15 Turn-on voltage slope . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15 Overvoltage shutdown . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15 Turn-off voltage slope . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15 ILIM vs Tcase . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16 On-state resistance vs VCC . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16 Input high level . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16 Input hysteresis voltage . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16 On-state resistance vs Tcase . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16 Input low level . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16 Status leakage current . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17 Status low output voltage . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17 Status clamp voltage . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17 Open-load on-state detection threshold . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17 Open-load off-state voltage detection threshold . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17 Application schematic . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18 Open-load detection in off-state . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20 Maximum turn-off current versus load inductance . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21 SO-28 PC board . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 22 Rthj-amb vs PCB copper area in open box free air condition . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 23 SO-28 thermal impedance junction ambient single pulse . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 23 Thermal fitting model of a quad channel HSD in SO-28 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 24 SO-28 package dimensions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25 SO-28 tube shipment (no suffix) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 26 SO-28 tape and reel shipment (suffix “TR”) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 26 Doc ID 10861 Rev 3 4/28 VNQ830P-E 1 Block diagram and pin description Block diagram and pin description Figure 1. Block diagram VCC1,2 Vcc OVERVOLTAGE CLAMP UNDERVOLTAGE GND1,2 CLAMP 1 OUTPUT1 INPUT1 DRIVER 1 CLAMP 2 STATUS1 CURRENT LIMITER 1 LOGIC DRIVER 2 OUTPUT2 OVERTEMP. 1 OPEN-LOAD ON 1 CURRENT LIMITER 2 INPUT2 OPEN-LOAD OFF 1 OPEN-LOAD ON 2 STATUS2 OPEN-LOAD OFF 2 OVERTEMP. 2 VCC3,4 Vcc CLAMP OVERVOLTAGE UNDERVOLTAGE GND3,4 CLAMP 3 INPUT3 OUTPUT3 DRIVER 3 CLAMP 4 STATUS3 OVERTEMP. 3 LOGIC CURRENT LIMITER 3 DRIVER 4 OUTPUT4 OPEN-LOAD ON 3 CURRENT LIMITER 4 INPUT4 OPEN-LOAD OFF 3 OPEN-LOAD ON 4 STATUS4 OPEN-LOAD OFF 4 OVERTEMP. 4 Doc ID 10861 Rev 3 5/28 VNQ830P-E Block diagram and pin description Figure 2. Configuration diagram (top view) VCC1,2 1 VCC1,2 GND 1,2 OUTPUT1 INPUT1 OUTPUT1 STATUS1 OUTPUT1 STATUS2 OUTPUT2 INPUT2 OUTPUT2 VCC1,2 OUTPUT2 VCC3,4 OUTPUT3 GND 3,4 OUTPUT3 INPUT3 OUTPUT3 STATUS3 OUTPUT4 STATUS4 OUTPUT4 INPUT4 OUTPUT4 VCC3,4 Table 2. 28 14 15 VCC3,4 Suggested connections for unused and not connected pins Connection / pin Status N.C. Output Input Floating X X X X To ground X Doc ID 10861 Rev 3 Through 10 KΩ resistor 6/28 VNQ830P-E Electrical specifications 2 Electrical specifications 2.1 Absolute maximum ratings Stressing the device above the rating listed in Table 3 may cause permanent damage to the device. These are stress ratings only and operation of the device at these or any other conditions above those indicated in the operating sections of this specification is not implied. Exposure to Absolute Maximum Rating conditions for extended periods may affect device reliability. Refer also to the STMicroelectronics SURE Program and other relevant quality document. Table 3. Absolute maximum ratings Symbol VCC Parameter DC supply voltage Value Unit 41 V - VCC Reverse DC supply voltage - 0.3 V - IGND DC reverse ground pin current - 200 mA Internally limited A -6 A IOUT - IOUT DC output current Reverse DC output current IIN DC input current +/- 10 mA ISTAT DC status current +/- 10 mA VESD Electrostatic discharge (Human Body Model: R=1.5 KΩ; C = 100 pF) - INPUT - STATUS - OUTPUT - VCC 4000 4000 5000 5000 V V V V EMAX Maximum switching energy (L = 1.5 mH; RL = 0 Ω; Vbat = 13.5 V; Tjstart = 150 °C; IL = 9 A) 85 mJ 6.25 W Internally limited °C - 55 to 150 °C Ptot Tj Tstg Power dissipation (per island) at Tlead = 25 °C Junction operating temperature Storage temperature Doc ID 10861 Rev 3 7/28 VNQ830P-E 2.2 Electrical specifications Thermal data Table 4. Thermal data (per island) Symbol Parameter Value Unit 15 °C/W Rthj-lead Thermal resistance junction-lead Rthj-amb Thermal resistance junction-ambient (one chip ON) 60(1) 44(2) °C/W Rthj-amb Thermal resistance junction-ambient (two chips ON) 46(1) 31(2) °C/W 1. When mounted on a standard single-sided FR-4 board with 0.5cm2 of Cu (at least 35 µm thick) connected to all VCC pins. Horizontal mounting and no artificial air flow. 2. When mounted on a standard single-sided FR-4 board with 6cm2 of Cu (at least 35 µm thick) connected to all VCC pins. Horizontal mounting and no artificial air flow. 2.3 Electrical characteristics Values specified in this section are for 8 V < VCC < 36 V; -40°C < Tj < 150°C, unless otherwise stated. Figure 3. Current and voltage conventions IS3,4 IS1,2 VCC3,4 VCC3,4 VCC1,2 VF1(1) VCC1,2 IIN1 ISTAT1 VIN1 IIN2 VSTAT1 ISTAT2 VIN2 IIN3 VSTAT2 ISTAT3 VIN3 VSTAT3 IIN4 VIN4 ISTAT4 VSTAT4 INPUT1 IOUT1 STATUS1 OUTPUT1 VOUT1 IOUT2 INPUT2 OUTPUT2 STATUS2 VOUT2 IOUT3 INPUT3 OUTPUT3 STATUS3 IOUT4 INPUT4 OUTPUT4 STATUS4 GND3,4 VOUT3 VOUT4 GND1,2 IGND3,4 IGND1,2 1. VFn = VCCn - VOUTn during reverse battery condition. Table 5. Symbol Power Parameter VCC Operating supply voltage VUSD VOV Test conditions Min. Typ. Max. Unit 5.5 13 36 V Undervoltage shutdown 3 4 5.5 V Overvoltage shutdown 36 Doc ID 10861 Rev 3 V 8/28 VNQ830P-E Electrical specifications Table 5. Power (continued) Symbol Parameter RON Min. Typ. Max. Unit IOUT = 2 A; Tj = 25°C IOUT = 2 A; VCC > 8 V On-state resistance Supply current IS 65 130 mΩ mΩ Off-state; VCC = 13 V; VIN = VOUT = 0 V 12 40 µA Off-state; VCC = 13 V; VIN = VOUT = 0 V; Tj = 25°C 12 25 µA On-state; VCC = 13 V; VIN = 5 V; IOUT = 0 A 5 7 mA 0 50 µA -75 0 µA IL(off1) Off-state output current VIN = VOUT = 0 V IL(off2) Off-state output current VIN = 0V; VOUT = 3.5 V IL(off3) Off-state output current VIN = VOUT = 0V; VCC = 13 V; Tj = 125°C 5 µA IL(off4) Off-state output current VIN = VOUT = 0 V; VCC = 13 V; Tj =25°C 3 µA Table 6. Protections Symbo l Min. Typ. Max. Unit Shutdown temperature 150 175 200 °C TR Reset temperature 135 Thyst Thermal hysteresis 7 tSDL Status delay in overload conditions Tj > TTSD Ilim Current limitation VCC = 13 V 5.5 V < VCC < 36 V Turn-off output clamp voltage IOUT = 2 A; L = 6 mH TTSD Vdemag Note: Test conditions Parameter Test conditions °C 15 6 VCC -41 °C 9 20 µs 15 15 A A VCC -48 VCC -55 V To ensure long term reliability under heavy overload or short circuit conditions, protection and related diagnostic signals must be used together with a proper software strategy. If the device is subjected to abnormal conditions, this software must limit the duration and number of activation cycles. Table 7. VCC - output diode Symbol Parameter Test conditions VF Forward on voltage - IOUT = 1.2 A; Tj = 150°C Doc ID 10861 Rev 3 Min. Typ. Max. Unit - - 0.6 V 9/28 VNQ830P-E Electrical specifications Table 8. Symbol Switching (VCC = 13V; Tj = 25°C) Parameter Test conditions Min. Typ. Max. Unit td(on) Turn-on delay time RL = 6.5Ω from VIN rising edge to VOUT = 1.3 V (see Figure 5) - 30 - µs td(off) Turn-off delay time RL = 6.5 Ω from VIN falling edge to VOUT = 11.7 V (see Figure 5) - 30 - µs dVOUT/dt(on) Turn-on voltage slope RL = 6.5 Ω from VOUT = 1.3 V to VOUT = 10.4 V (see Figure 5) - See Figure 10 - V/µs dVOUT/dt(off) Turn-off voltage slope RL = 6.5 Ω from VOUT = 11.7 V to VOUT = 1.3 V (see Figure 5) - See Figure 12 - V/µs Table 9. Symbol Logic inputs Parameter Test conditions VIL Input low level IIL Low level input current VIH Input high level IIH High level input current VI(hyst) Input hysteresis voltage VICL Table 10. Symbol Input clamp voltage VIN = 1.25 V Min. Typ. Max. Unit 1.25 V 1 µA 3.25 V VIN = 3.25 V 10 0.5 IIN = 1 mA IIN = -1 mA 6 µA V 6.8 - 0.7 8 V V Max. Unit Status pin Parameter Test conditions Min. Typ. VSTAT Status low output voltage ISTAT = 1.6 mA 0.5 V ILSTAT Status leakage current Normal operation; VSTAT = 5 V 10 µA CSTAT Status pin input capacitance Normal operation; VSTAT = 5 V 100 pF VSCL Status clamp voltage ISTAT = 1 mA ISTAT = - 1 mA 8 V V Doc ID 10861 Rev 3 6 6.8 - 0.7 10/28 VNQ830P-E Electrical specifications Table 11. Open-load detection Symbol Parameter Test conditions IOL Open-load on-state detection VIN = 5 V threshold tDOL(on) Open-load on-state detection IOUT = 0 A delay VOL Open-load off-state voltage detection threshold tDOL(off) Open-load detection delay at turn-off Figure 4. VIN = 0 V Min. Typ. Max. Unit 50 100 200 mA 200 µs 3.5 V 1000 µs 1.5 2.5 Status timings OPEN-LOAD STATUS TIMING (with external pull-up) IOUT < IOL VOUT > VOL VINn OVERTEMP STATUS TIMING Tj > TTSD VINn VSTATn VSTATn tSDL tDOL(off) tSDL tDOL(on) Doc ID 10861 Rev 3 11/28 VNQ830P-E Electrical specifications Figure 5. Switching characteristics VOUT 90% 80% dVOUT/dt(off) dVOUT/dt(on) 10% tr tf t ISENSE 90% INPUT t tDSENSE td(on) td(off) t Table 12. Truth table Conditions Input Output Status Normal operation L H L H H H Current limitation L H H L X X H (Tj < TTSD) H (Tj > TTSD) L Overtemperature L H L L H L Undervoltage L H L L X X Overvoltage L H L L H H Output voltage > VOL L H H H L H Output current < IOL L H L H H L Doc ID 10861 Rev 3 12/28 VNQ830P-E Electrical specifications Table 13. Electrical transient requirements ISO T/R Test level 7637/1 test pulse I II III IV 1 - 25 V(1) - 50 V(1) - 75 V(1) - 100 V(1) 2 V(1) (1) (1) (1) 0.2 ms, 10 Ω - 100 V (1) - 150 V 0.1 µs, 50 Ω + 75 V(1) + 100 V(1) 0.1 µs, 50 Ω + 25 (1) 3a - 25 V 3b + 25 V(1) 4 5 -4 V(1) (1) + 26.5 V + 50 V - 50 V (1) + 50 V(1) (1) -5V (2) + 46.5 V + 75 V (1) (1) -6V + 66.5 V (2) Delays and impedance + 100 V (1) -7V + 86.5 V (2) 2 ms, 10 Ω 100 ms, 0.01 Ω 400 ms, 2 Ω 1. All functions of the device are performed as designed after exposure to disturbance. 2. One or more functions of the device is not performed as designed after exposure and cannot be returned to proper operation without replacing the device. Doc ID 10861 Rev 3 13/28 VNQ830P-E Electrical specifications Figure 6. Waveforms NORMAL OPERATION INPUTn LOAD VOLTAGEn STATUSn UNDERVOLTAGE VUSDhyst VCC VUSD INPUTn LOAD VOLTAGEn STATUS undefined OVERVOLTAGE VCC<VOV VCC > VOV VCC INPUTn LOAD VOLTAGEn STATUSn OPEN-LOAD with external pull-up INPUTn VOUT > VOL LOAD VOLTAGEn VOL STATUSn OPEN-LOAD without external pull-up INPUTn LOAD VOLTAGEn STATUSn Tj TTSD TR OVERTEMPERATURE INPUTn LOAD CURRENTn STATUSn Doc ID 10861 Rev 3 14/28 VNQ830P-E Electrical specifications 2.4 Electrical characteristics curves Figure 7. Off-state output current Figure 8. IL(off1) (uA) High level input current Iih (uA) 2.5 5 2.25 4.5 Off state Vcc=36V Vin=Vout=0V 2 1.75 Vin=3.25V 4 3.5 1.5 3 1.25 2.5 1 2 0.75 1.5 0.5 1 0.25 0.5 0 0 -50 -25 0 25 50 75 100 125 150 -50 175 -25 0 25 Figure 9. 50 75 100 125 150 175 150 175 150 175 Tc (°C) Tc (°C) Input clamp voltage Figure 10. Turn-on voltage slope dVout/dt(on) (V/ms) Vicl (V) 800 8 7.8 700 Iin=1mA 7.6 Vcc=13V Rl=6.5Ohm 600 7.4 500 7.2 400 7 6.8 300 6.6 200 6.4 100 6.2 0 6 -50 -25 0 25 50 75 100 125 150 -50 175 -25 0 25 Figure 11. 50 75 100 125 Tc (ºC) Tc (°C) Overvoltage shutdown Figure 12. Turn-off voltage slope Vov (V) dVout/dt(off) (V/ms) 50 600 48 550 Vcc=13V Rl=6.5Ohm 46 500 44 450 42 400 40 38 350 36 300 34 250 32 200 30 -50 -25 0 25 50 75 100 125 150 -50 175 -25 0 25 50 75 100 125 Tc (ºC) Tc (°C) Doc ID 10861 Rev 3 15/28 VNQ830P-E Electrical specifications Figure 13. ILIM vs Tcase Figure 14. On-state resistance vs VCC Ilim (A) Ron (mOhm) 20 120 18 Tc=150°C 110 Vcc=13V 16 100 90 14 80 12 70 10 60 8 50 6 40 4 30 Tc=25°C Tc= - 40°C 20 2 Iout=2A 10 0 -50 -25 0 25 50 75 100 125 150 0 175 5 Tc (°C) 10 15 20 25 30 35 40 Vcc (V) Figure 15. Input high level Figure 16. Input hysteresis voltage Vih (V) Vhyst (V) 3.6 1.5 3.4 1.4 3.2 1.3 1.2 3 1.1 2.8 1 2.6 0.9 2.4 0.8 0.7 2.2 0.6 2 -50 -25 0 25 50 75 100 125 150 0.5 175 -50 Tc (°C) -25 0 25 50 75 100 125 150 175 100 125 150 175 Tc (°C) Figure 17. On-state resistance vs Tcase Figure 18. Input low level Ron (mOhm) Vil (V) 160 2.6 2.4 140 Iout=2A Vcc=8V; 13V & 36V 120 2.2 100 2 80 1.8 60 1.6 40 1.4 20 1.2 1 0 -50 -25 0 25 50 75 100 125 150 -50 175 -25 0 25 50 75 Tc (°C) Tc (°C) Doc ID 10861 Rev 3 16/28 VNQ830P-E Electrical specifications Figure 19. Status leakage current Figure 20. Status low output voltage Ilstat (uA) Vstat (V) 0.05 0.8 0.7 Istat=1.6mA 0.04 0.6 Vstat=5V 0.5 0.03 0.4 0.02 0.3 0.2 0.01 0.1 0 0 -50 -25 0 25 50 75 100 125 150 175 -50 -25 0 25 Tc (°C) 50 75 100 125 150 175 Tc (°C) Figure 21. Status clamp voltage Figure 22. Open-load on-state detection threshold Vscl (V) Iol (mA) 8 150 7.8 140 Istat=1mA 7.6 Vcc=13V Vin=5V 130 7.4 120 7.2 110 7 100 6.8 90 6.6 80 6.4 70 6.2 60 6 50 -50 -25 0 25 50 75 100 125 150 175 -50 Tc (°C) -25 0 25 50 75 100 125 150 175 Tc (°C) Figure 23. Open-load off-state voltage detection threshold Vol (V) 5 4.5 Vin=0V 4 3.5 3 2.5 2 1.5 1 0.5 0 -50 -25 0 25 50 75 100 125 150 175 Tc (°C) Doc ID 10861 Rev 3 17/28 VNQ830P-E 3 Application information Application information Figure 24. Application schematic +5V +5V +5V VCC1,2 VCC3,4 Rprot STATUS1 Rprot INPUT1 Dld Rprot STATUS2 Rprot INPUT2 Rprot STATUS3 μC Rprot OUTPUT1 OUTPUT2 OUTPUT3 INPUT3 Rprot STATUS4 OUTPUT4 Rprot INPUT4 GND1,2 GND3,4 RGND VGND +5V +5V DGND Note: Channels 3 & 4 have the same internal circuit as channel 1 & 2. 3.1 GND protection network against reverse battery This section provides two solutions for implementing a ground protection network against reverse battery. 3.1.1 Solution 1: a resistor in the ground line (RGND only) This can be used with any type of load. The following show how to dimension the RGND resistor: 1. RGND ≤ 600 mV / 2 (IS(on)max) 2. RGND ≥ ( - VCC) / ( - IGND) Doc ID 10861 Rev 3 18/28 VNQ830P-E Application information where - IGND is the DC reverse ground pin current and can be found in the absolute maximum rating section of the device datasheet. Power dissipation in RGND (when VCC < 0 during reverse battery situations) is: PD = ( - VCC)2/ RGND This resistor can be shared amongst several different HSDs. Please note that the value of this resistor should be calculated with formula (1) where IS(on)max becomes the sum of the maximum on-state currents of the different devices. Please note that, if the microprocessor ground is not shared by the device ground, then the RGND produces a shift (IS(on)max * RGND) in the input thresholds and the status output values. This shift varies depending on how many devices are ON in the case of several highside drivers sharing the same RGND . If the calculated power dissipation requires the use of a large resistor, or several devices have to share the same resistor, then ST suggests using solution 2 below. 3.1.2 Solution 2: a diode (DGND) in the ground line A resistor (RGND = 1 kΩ) should be inserted in parallel to DGND if the device is driving an inductive load. This small signal diode can be safely shared amongst several different HSD. Also in this case, the presence of the ground network produces a shift (~600mV) in the input threshold and the status output values if the microprocessor ground is not common with the device ground. This shift not varies if more than one HSD shares the same diode/resistor network. Series resistor in INPUT and STATUS lines are also required to prevent that, during battery voltage transient, the current exceeds the Absolute Maximum Rating. Safest configuration for unused INPUT and STATUS pin is to leave them unconnected. 3.2 Load dump protection Dld is necessary (voltage transient suppressor) if the load dump peak voltage exceeds the VCC maximum DC rating. The same applies if the device is subject to transients on the VCC line that are greater than those shown in Table 13. 3.3 MCU I/O protection If a ground protection network is used and negative transients are present on the VCC line, the control pins are pulled negative. ST suggests to insert a resistor (Rprot) in line to prevent the microcontroller I/O pins from latching up. The value of these resistors is a compromise between the leakage current of microcontroller and the current required by the HSD I/Os (Input levels compatibility) with the latch-up limit of microcontroller I/Os: - VCCpeak / Ilatchup ≤ Rprot ≤ (VOHμC - VIH - VGND) / IIHmax Doc ID 10861 Rev 3 19/28 VNQ830P-E Application information Example For the following conditions: VCCpeak = - 100 V Ilatchup ≥ 20 mA VOHμC ≥ 4.5 V 5 kΩ ≤ Rprot ≤ 65 kΩ. Recommended values are: Rprot = 10 kΩ 3.4 Open-load detection in off-state Off-state open-load detection requires an external pull-up resistor (RPU) connected between OUTPUT pin and a positive supply voltage (VPU) like the +5V line used to supply the microprocessor. The external resistor has to be selected according to the following requirements: 1. No false open load indication when load is connected: in this case we have to avoid VOUT to be higher than VOlmin; this results in the following condition: VOUT = (VPU / (RL + RPU))RL < VOlmin. 2. No misdetection when load is disconnected: in this case the VOUT has to be higher than VOLmax; this results in the following condition: RPU < (VPU - VOLmax) / IL(off2). Because Is(OFF) may significantly increase if Vout is pulled high (up to several mA), the pullup resistor RPU should be connected to a supply that is switched OFF when the module is in standby. Figure 25. Open-load detection in off-state V batt. VPU VCC RPU INPUT DRIVER + LOGIC IL(off2) OUT + STATUS R VOL RL GROUND Doc ID 10861 Rev 3 20/28 VNQ830P-E 3.5 Application information Maximum demagnetization energy (VCC = 13.5 V) Figure 26. Maximum turn-off current versus load inductance ILM AX (A) 100 10 A C B 1 0.1 1 10 100 L(mH) A = single pulse at TJstart = 150ºC B= repetitive pulse at TJstart = 100ºC C= repetitive pulse at TJstart = 125ºC VIN, IL Demagnetization Demagnetization Demagnetization t Note: Values are generated with RL = 0 Ω. In case of repetitive pulses, Tjstart (at beginning of each demagnetization) of every pulse must not exceed the temperature specified above for curves B and C. Doc ID 10861 Rev 3 21/28 VNQ830P-E Package and PCB thermal data 4 Package and PCB thermal data 4.1 SO-28 thermal data Figure 27. SO-28 PC board Note: Layout condition of Rth and Zth measurements (PCB FR4 area = 58 mm x 58 mm, PCB thickness = 2 mm, Cu thickness = 35 µm, Copper areas: 0.5 cm2, 3 cm2, 6 cm2). Table 14. Thermal calculation according to the PCB heatsink area Chip 1 Chip 2 Tjchip1 Tjchip2 Note ON OFF RthA x Pdchip1 + Tamb RthC x Pdchip1 + Tamb OFF ON RthC x Pdchip2 + Tamb RthA x Pdchip2 + Tamb ON ON RthB x (Pdchip1 + Pdchip2) + Tamb RthB x (Pdchip1 + Pdchip2) + Tamb Pdchip1 = Pdchip2 ON ON (RthA x Pdchip1) + RthC x Pdchip2 + Tamb (RthA x Pdchip2) + RthC x Pdchip1 + Tamb Pdchip1 ≠ Pdchip2 RthA = thermal resistance junction to ambient with one chip ON RthB = thermal resistance junction to ambient with both chips ON and Pdchip1 = Pdchip2 RthC = mutual thermal resistance Doc ID 10861 Rev 3 22/28 VNQ830P-E Package and PCB thermal data Figure 28. Rthj-amb vs PCB copper area in open box free air condition RTHj_am b (°C/W) 70 60 50 RthA 40 RthB 30 RthC 20 10 0 1 2 3 4 5 PCB Cu heatsink area (cm ^2)/island 6 7 Figure 29. SO-28 thermal impedance junction ambient single pulse ZT H (°C/W) 1000 100 Footprint 6 cm2 10 1 0.1 0.0001 0.001 0.01 0.1 1 T ime (s) Doc ID 10861 Rev 3 10 100 1000 23/28 VNQ830P-E Package and PCB thermal data Equation 1: pulse calculation formula Z THδ = R TH ⋅ δ + Z THtp ( 1 – δ ) where δ = tp ⁄ T Figure 30. Thermal fitting model of a quad channel HSD in SO-28 Tj_1 P d1 T j _2 C1 C2 C3 C4 C5 C6 R1 R2 R3 R4 R5 R6 C 10 C 11 C 12 C 13 R 13 P d2 C 14 R 14 R 17 Tj_3 R 18 C7 C8 C9 R7 R8 R9 P d3 T j _4 P d4 C 15 R 15 R 10 R 11 R 12 C 16 R 16 T_am b Table 15. Thermal parameters Area / island (cm2) Footprint R1 = R7 = R13 = R15 (°C/W) 0.15 R2 = R8 = R14 = R16 (°C/W) 0.8 R3 = R9 (°C/W) 4.5 R4 = R10 (°C/W) 11 R5 = R11 (°C/W) 15 R6 = R12 (°C/W) 5 C1 = C7 = C13 = C15 (W.s/°C) 0.0006 C2 = C8 = C14 = C16 (W.s/°C) 2.10 E-03 C3 = C9 (W.s/°C) 6 E-03 C4 = C10 (W.s/°C) 0.2 C5 = C11 (W.s/°C) 1.5 C6 = C12 (W.s/°C) 5 R17 = R18 (°C/W) 150 Doc ID 10861 Rev 3 6 13 8 24/28 VNQ830P-E Package and packing information 5 Package and packing information 5.1 ECOPACK® packages In order to meet environmental requirements, ST offers these devices in different grades of ECOPACK® packages, depending on their level of environmental compliance. ECOPACK® specifications, grade definitions and product status are available at: www.st.com. ECOPACK® is an ST trademark. Figure 31. SO-28 package dimensions Table 16. SO-28 mechanical data Millimeters Symbol Min. Typ. A Max. 2.65 a1 0.10 0.30 b 0.35 0.49 b1 0.23 0.32 C 0.50 c1 45° (typ.) D 17.7 18.1 E 10.00 10.65 e 1.27 e3 16.51 F 7.40 7.60 L 0.40 1.27 S 8° (max.) Doc ID 10861 Rev 3 25/28 VNQ830P-E 5.2 Package and packing information SO-28 packing information Figure 32. SO-28 tube shipment (no suffix) C Base Q.ty Bulk Q.ty Tube length (± 0.5) A B C (± 0.1) B 28 700 532 3.5 13.8 0.6 All dimensions are in mm. A Figure 33. SO-28 tape and reel shipment (suffix “TR”) Reel dimensions Base Q.ty Bulk Q.ty A (max) B (min) C (± 0.2) F G (+ 2 / -0) N (min) T (max) 1000 1000 330 1.5 13 20.2 16.4 60 22.4 Tape dimensions According to Electronic Industries Association (EIA) Standard 481 rev. A, Feb. 1986 Tape width Tape Hole Spacing Component Spacing Hole Diameter Hole Diameter Hole Position Compartment Depth Hole Spacing W P0 (± 0.1) P D (± 0.1/-0) D1 (min) F (± 0.05) K (max) P1 (± 0.1) All dimensions are in mm. 16 4 12 1.5 1.5 7.5 6.5 2 End Start Top cover tape No components Components No components 500mm min Empty components pockets saled with cover tape. 500mm min User direction of feed Doc ID 10861 Rev 3 26/28 VNQ830P-E 6 Revision history Revision history Table 17. Replaced Document revision history Date Revision Changes 03-May-2006 1 Initial release. 18-Dec-2008 2 Document reformatted and restructured. Added contents, list of tables and figures. Added ECOPACK® packages information. 03-May-2010 3 Changed Features list. Replaced VND830P-E to VND830-E. Doc ID 10861 Rev 3 27/28 VNQ830P-E Please Read Carefully: Information in this document is provided solely in connection with ST products. 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