APPLICATION NOTES AND DEVELOPMENT SYSTEM
A V A I L A B L E
AN99 • AN115 • AN124 •AN133 • AN134 • AN135
Single Supply / Low Power / 256-tap / 2-Wire bus
X9259
Quad Digitally-Controlled (XDCPTM) Potentiometers
FEATURES
DESCRIPTION
• Quad–Four separate potentiometers
• 256 resistor taps/pot–0.4% resolution
• 2-Wire Serial Interface for write, read, and
transfer operations of the potentiometer
• Wiper Resistance, 100Ω typical @ VCC = 5V
• 4 Nonvolatile Data Registers for Each
Potentiometer
• Nonvolatile Storage of Multiple Wiper Positions
• Power On Recall. Loads Saved Wiper Position on
Power Up.
• Standby Current < 5µA Max
• VCC: 2.7V to 5.5V Operation
• 50KΩ, 100KΩ versions of End to End Pot
Resistance
• Endurance: 100,000 Data Changes per Bit per
Register
• 100 yr. Data Retention
• Single Supply Version of X9258
• 24-Lead SOIC, 24-Lead TSSOP, 24-Lead XBGA
• Low Power CMOS
The X9259 integrates 4 digitally controlled
potentiometer (XDCP) on a monolithic CMOS
integrated circuit.
The digital controlled potentiometer is implemented
using 255 resistive elements in a series array. Between
each element are tap points connected to the wiper
terminal through switches. The position of the wiper on
the array is controlled by the user through the 2-Wire
bus interface. Each potentiometer has associated with
it a volatile Wiper Counter Register (WCR) and a four
nonvolatile Data Registers that can be directly written
to and read by the user. The contents of the WCR
controls the position of the wiper on the resistor array
though the switches. Powerup recalls the contents of
the default Data Register (DR0) to the WCR.
The XDCP can be used as a three-terminal
potentiometer or as a two terminal variable resistor in
a wide variety of applications including control,
parameter adjustments, and signal processing.
FUNCTIONAL DIAGRAM
VCC
2-Wire
Bus
Interface
Address
Data
Status
RH0
Write
Read
Transfer
Inc/Dec
Bus
Interface
and Control
RH1
RH2
RH3
Power On Recall
Wiper Counter
Registers (WCR)
Control
Data Registers
16 Bytes
VSS
RW0
RL0
RW1
RL1 RW2
RL2 RW3
RL3
50KΩ or 100KΩ versions
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X9259
DETAILED FUNCTIONAL DIAGRAM
RH0 RL0 RW0
VCC
Power On
Recall
DR0 DR1
DR2 DR3
Power On
Recall
Pot 0
DR0 DR1
Wiper
Counter
Register
(WCR)
DR2 DR3
Wiper
Counter
Register
(WCR)
Resistor
Array
Pot 2
RL2
SCL
SDA
A3
A2
INTERFACE
AND
CONTROL
CIRCUITRY
RW2
50KΩ and 100KΩ
256-taps
8
A1
Data
A0
RH2
Power On
Recall
DR0 DR1
WP
DR2 DR3
Power On
Recall
Wiper
Counter
Register
(WCR)
VSS
DR0 DR1
Resistor
Array
Pot 1
DR2 DR3
RW3
Wiper
Counter
Register
(WCR)
Resistor
Array
Pot 3
RH3
RL3
RL1 RH1 RW1
CIRCUIT LEVEL APPLICATIONS
SYSTEM LEVEL APPLICATIONS
• Vary the gain of a voltage amplifier
• Adjust the contrast in LCD displays
• Provide programmable dc reference voltages for
comparators and detectors
• Control the power level of LED transmitters in
communication systems
• Control the volume in audio circuits
• Set and regulate the DC biasing point in an RF power
amplifier in wireless systems
• Trim out the offset voltage error in a voltage amplifier
circuit
• Set the output voltage of a voltage regulator
• Trim the resistance in Wheatstone bridge circuits
• Control the gain, characteristic frequency and
Q-factor in filter circuits
• Set the scale factor and zero point in sensor signal
conditioning circuits
• Vary the frequency and duty cycle of timer ICs
• Vary the dc biasing of a pin diode attenuator in RF
circuits
• Control the gain in audio and home entertainment
systems
• Provide the variable DC bias for tuners in RF wireless
systems
• Set the operating points in temperature control
systems
• Control the operating point for sensors in industrial
systems
• Trim offset and gain errors in artificial intelligent
systems
• Provide a control variable (I, V, or R) in feedback
circuits
REV 1.2.3 4/30/02
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Characteristics subject to change without notice.
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X9259
PIN CONFIGURATION
SOIC/TSSOP
XBGA
1
NC1
1
24
A3
A0
RW3
2
23
SCL
3
22
RL2
RH3
4
21
RH2
RL3
5
20
RW2
NC
6
19
NC
18
VSS
VCC
7
X9259
RL0
8
17
RW1
RH0
9
16
RH1
RW0
10
15
RL1
A2
11
14
A1
WP
12
13
SDA
A
2
3
4
RW0
A2
A1
RL1
RL0
WP
SDA
RW1
VCC
RH0
RH1
VSS
NC
RH3
RH2
NC
RL3
NC1
A3
RW2
RW3
A0
SCL
RL2
B
C
D
E
F
Top View–Bumps Down
PIN ASSIGNMENTS
Pin
Pin
(SOIC/TSSOP)
(XBGA)
Symbol
Function
2
F2
A0
3
F1
RW3
Device Address for 2-Wire bus. (See Note 1)
Wiper Terminal for Potentiometer 3.
4
D2
RH3
High Terminal for Potentiometer 3.
5
E1
RL3
Low Terminal for Potentiometer 3.
6
E2
NC1
Must be left unconnected
7
C1
VCC
System Supply Voltage
8
B1
RL0
Low Terminal for Potentiometer 0.
9
C2
RH0
High Terminal for Potentiometer 0.
10
A1
RW0
Wiper Terminal for Potentiometer 0.
11
A2
A2
12
B2
WP
Hardware Write Protect
13
B3
SDA
Serial Data Input/Output for 2-Wire bus.
14
A3
A1
Device Address for 2-Wire bus. (See Note 1)
15
A4
RL1
Low Terminal for Potentiometer 1.
16
C3
RH1
High Terminal for Potentiometer 1.
17
B4
RW1
Wiper Terminal for Potentiometer 1.
18
C4
VSS
System Ground
20
E4
RW2
WiperTerminal for Potentiometer 2.
21
D3
RH2
High Terminal for Potentiometer 2.
22
F4
RL2
Low Terminal for Potentiometer 2.
23
F3
SCL
Serial Clock for 2-Wire bus.
24
E3
A3
Device Address for 2-Wire Bus. (See Note 1)
6, 19
D1, D4
NC
No Connect
1
E2
NC1
Must be left unconnected
Device Address for 2-Wire bus. (See Note 1)
Note 1: A0-A3 Device address pins must be tie to a logic level.
REV 1.2.3 4/30/02
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X9259
PIN DESCRIPTIONS
Potentiometer Pins
Bus Interface Pins
RH, RL
SERIAL DATA INPUT/OUTPUT (SDA)
The SDA is a bidirectional serial data input/output pin
for a 2-Wire slave device and is used to transfer data
into and out of the device. It receives device address,
opcode, wiper register address and data sent from an
2-Wire master at the rising edge of the serial clock
SCL, and it shifts out data after each falling edge of the
serial clock SCL.
It is an open drain output and may be wire-ORed with
any number of open drain or open collector outputs. An
open drain output requires the use of a pull-up resistor.
For selecting typical values, refer to the guidelines for
calculating typical values on the bus pull-up resistors
graph.
The RH and RL pins are equivalent to the terminal
connections on a mechanical potentiometer. Since
there are 4 potentiometers, there are 4 sets of RH and
RL such that RH0 and RL0 are the terminals of POT 0
and so on.
RW
The wiper pin are equivalent to the wiper terminal of a
mechanical potentiometer. Since there are 4
potentiometers, there are 4 sets of RW such that RW0
is the terminal of POT 0 and so on.
Bias Supply Pins
SYSTEM SUPPLY VOLTAGE (VCC) AND SUPPLY GROUND (VSS)
SERIAL CLOCK (SCL)
The VCC pin is the system supply voltage. The VSS pin
is the system ground.
This input is used by 2-Wire master to supply 2-Wire
serial clock to the X9259.
Other Pins
DEVICE ADDRESS (A3–A0)
NO CONNECT
The Address inputs are used to set the least significant
4 bits of the 8-bit slave address. A match in the slave
address serial data stream must be made with the
Address input in order to initiate communication with
the X9259. A maximum of 16 devices may occupy the
2-Wire serial bus. Device pins A3-A0 must be tie to a
logic level which specify the external address of the
device, see figures 3, 4, and 5.
No connect pins should be left open. This pins are used
for Xicor manufacturing and testing purposes.
REV 1.2.3 4/30/02
HARDWARE WRITE PROTECT INPUT (WP)
The WP pin when LOW prevents nonvolatile writes to
the Data Registers.
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X9259
These switches are controlled by a Wiper Counter
Register (WCR). The 8-bits of the WCR (WCR[7:0])
are decoded to select, and enable, one of 256 switches
(see Table 1).
PRINCIPLES OF OPERATION
The X9259 is a integrated microcircuit incorporating
four resistor arrays and their associated registers and
counters and the serial interface logic providing direct
communication between the host and the digitally
controlled potentiometers. This section provides detail
description of the following:
The WCR may be written directly. These Data
Registers can the WCR can be read and written by the
host system.
– Resistor Array Description
Power Up and Down Recommendations.
There are no restrictions on the power-up or powerdown conditions of VCC and the voltages applied to the
potentiometer pins provided that VCC is always more
positive than or equal to VH, VL, and VW, i.e., VCC ≥ VH,
VL, VW. The VCC ramp rate specification is always in
effect.
– Serial Interface Description
– Instruction and Register Description.
Array Description
The X9259 is comprised of a resistor array (see Figure
1). Each array contains 255 discrete resistive
segments that are connected in series. The physical
ends of each array are equivalent to the fixed terminals
of a mechanical potentiometer (RH and RL inputs).
At both ends of each array and between each resistor
segment is a CMOS switch connected to the wiper
(RW) output. Within each individual array only one
switch may be turned on at a time.
Figure 1. Detailed Potentiometer Block Diagram
One of Four Potentiometers
SERIAL DATA PATH
SERIAL
BUS
INPUT
FROM INTERFACE
CIRCUITRY
REGISTER 0
(DR0)
REGISTER 1
(DR1)
8
REGISTER 2
(DR2)
IF WCR = 00[H] THEN RW = RL
IF WCR = FF[H] THEN RW = RH
8
PARALLEL
BUS
INPUT
REGISTER 3
(DR3)
WIPER
COUNTER
REGISTER
(WCR)
RH
C
O
U
N
T
E
R
D
E
C
O
D
E
INC/DEC
LOGIC
UP/DN
MODIFIED SCL
UP/DN
CLK
RL
RW
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X9259
SERIAL INTERFACE DESCRIPTION
Serial Interface
The X9259 supports a bidirectional bus oriented
protocol. The protocol defines any device that sends
data onto the bus as a transmitter and the receiving
device as the receiver. The device controlling the
transfer is a master and the device being controlled is
the slave. The master will always initiate data transfers
and provide the clock for both transmit and receive
operations. Therefore, the X9259 will be considered a
slave device in all applications.
Clock and Data Conventions
Data states on the SDA line can change only during
SCL LOW periods. SDA state changes during SCL
HIGH are reserved for indicating start and stop
conditions. See Figure 2.
Start Condition
All commands to the X9259 are preceded by the start
condition, which is a HIGH to LOW transition of SDA
while SCL is HIGH. The X9259 continuously monitors
the SDA and SCL lines for the start condition and will
not respond to any command until this condition is met.
See Figure 2.
Stop Condition
All communications must be terminated by a stop
condition, which is a LOW to HIGH transition of SDA
while SCL is HIGH. See Figure 2.
Acknowledge
Acknowledge is a software convention used to provide
a positive handshake between the master and slave
devices on the bus to indicate the successful receipt of
data. The transmitting device, either the master or the
slave, will release the SDA bus after transmitting eight
bits. The master generates a ninth clock cycle and
during this period the receiver pulls the SDA line LOW
to acknowledge that it successfully received the eight
bits of data.
The X9259 will respond with an acknowledge after
recognition of a start condition and its slave address
and once again after successful receipt of the
command byte. If the command is followed by a data
byte the X9259 will respond with a final acknowledge.
See Figure 2.
Figure 2. Acknowledge Response from Receiver
SCL FROM
MASTER
1
8
9
DATA
OUTPUT
FROM
TRANSMITTER
DATA
OUTPUT
FROM
RECEIVER
START
REV 1.2.3 4/30/02
ACKNOWLEDGE
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X9259
Acknowledge Polling
The disabling of the inputs, during the internal
nonvolatile write operation, can be used to take
advantage of the typical 5ms EEPROM write cycle
time. Once the stop condition is issued to indicate the
end of the nonvolatile write command the X9259
initiates the internal write cycle. ACK polling, Flow 1,
can be initiated immediately. This involves issuing the
start condition followed by the device slave address. If
the X9259 is still busy with the write operation no ACK
will be returned. If the X9259 has completed the write
operation an ACK will be returned and the master can
then proceed with the next operation.
FLOW 1: ACK Polling Sequence
Nonvolatile Write
Command Completed
EnterACK Polling
Issue
START
Issue STOP
No
Yes
Further
Operation?
Instructions
DEVICE ADDRESSING: IDENTIFICATION BYTE (ID AND A)
The first byte sent to the X9259 from the host is called
the Identification Byte. The most significant four bits of
the slave address are a device type identifier. The
ID[3:0] bits is the device id for the X9259; this is fixed
as 0101[B] (refer to Table 1).
The A[3:0] bits in the ID byte is the internal slave
address. The physical device address is defined by
the state of the A3-A0 input pins. The slave address is
externally specified by the user. The X9259 compares
the serial data stream with the address input state; a
successful compare of both address bits is required
for the X9259 to successfully continue the command
sequence. Only the device which slave address
matches the incoming device address sent by the
master executes the instruction. The A3-A0 inputs
can be actively driven by CMOS input signals or tied
to VCC or VSS.
INSTRUCTION BYTE (I)
Issue Slave
Address
ACK
Returned?
INSTRUCTION AND REGISTER DESCRIPTION
No
The next byte sent to the X9259 contains the
instruction and register pointer information. The three
most significant bits are used provide the instruction
opcode I [3:0]. The RB and RA bits point to one of the
four data registers of each associated XDCP. The least
two significant bits point to one of four Wiper Counter
Registers or Pots. The format is shown in Table 2.
Register Selection
Register Selected
RB
RA
Yes
DR0
0
0
Issue
Instruction
DR1
0
1
DR2
1
0
DR3
1
1
Proceed
REV 1.2.3 4/30/02
Issue STOP
Proceed
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X9259
Table 1. Identification Byte Format
Device Type
Identifier
Slave Address
ID3
ID2
ID1
ID0
0
1
0
1
A3
A2
A1
(MSB)
A0
(LSB)
Table 2. Instruction Byte Format
Instruction
Opcode
I3
I2
Pot Selection
(WCR Selection)
Register
Selection
I1
I0
RB
RA
P1
(MSB)
P0
(LSB)
Table 3. Instruction Set
Instruction
I3
I2
Instruction Set
I1 I0 RB RA
P1
P0
Operation
Read Wiper Counter
Register
Write Wiper Counter Register
1
0
0
1
0
0
1/0
1/0
1
0
1
0
0
0
1/0
1/0
Read Data Register
1
0
1
1
1/0
1/0
1/0
1/0
Write Data Register
1
1
0
0
1/0
1/0
1/0
1/0
XFR Data Register to Wiper
Counter Register
1
1
0
1
1/0
1/0
1/0
1/0
XFR Wiper Counter Register
to Data Register
1
1
1
0
1/0
1/0
1/0
1/0
Global XFR Data Registers
to Wiper Counter Registers
0
0
0
1
1/0
1/0
0
0
Global XFR Wiper Counter
Registers to Data Register
1
0
0
0
1/0
1/0
0
0
Increment/Decrement Wiper
Counter Register
0
0
1
0
0
0
1/0
1/0
Read the contents of the Wiper Counter
Register pointed to by P1-P0
Write new value to the Wiper Counter
Register pointed to by P1-P0
Read the contents of the Data Register
pointed to by P1-P0 and RB-RA
Write new value to the Data Register
pointed to by P1-P0 and RB-RA
Transfer the contents of the Data Register
pointed to by P1-P0 and RB-RA to its
associated Wiper Counter Register
Transfer the contents of the Wiper Counter
Register pointed to by P1-P0 to the Data
Register pointed to by RB-RA
Transfer the contents of the Data Registers
pointed to by RB-RA of all four pots to their
respective Wiper Counter Registers
Transfer the contents of both Wiper Counter
Registers to their respective data Registers
pointed to by RB-RA of all four pots
Enable Increment/decrement of the Control
Latch pointed to by P1-P0
Note:
1/0 = data is one or zero
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X9259
DEVICE DESCRIPTION
Wiper Counter Register (WCR)
The X9259 contains four Wiper Counter Registers, one
for each DCP potentiometer. The Wiper Counter
Register can be envisioned as a 8-bit parallel and
serial load counter with its outputs decoded to select
one of 256 switches along its resistor array. The
contents of the WCR can be altered in four ways: it
may be written directly by the host via the Write Wiper
Counter Register instruction (serial load); it may be
written indirectly by transferring the contents of one of
four associated data registers via the XFR Data
Register instruction (parallel load); it can be modified
one step at a time by the Increment/Decrement
instruction (see Instruction section for more details).
Finally, it is loaded with the contents of its data register
zero (DR0) upon power-up.
Data Registers (DR)
The potentiometer has four 8-bit nonvolatile Data
Registers. These can be read or written directly by the
host. Data can also be transferred between any of the
four data registers and the associated Wiper Counter
Register. All operations changing data in one of the
data registers is a nonvolatile operation and will take a
maximum of 10ms.
If the application does not require storage of multiple
settings for the potentiometer, the Data Registers can
be used as regular memory locations for system
parameters or user preference data.
Bit [7:0] are used to store one of the 256 wiper
positions (0~255).
The Wiper Counter Register is a volatile register; that
is, its contents are lost when the X9259 is powereddown. Although the register is automatically loaded
with the value in DR0 upon power-up, this may be
different from the value present at power-down. Powerup guidelines are recommended to ensure proper
loadings of the DR0 value into the WCR (See Design
Considerations Section).
Table 4. Wiper counter Register, WCR (8-bit), WCR[7:0]: Used to store the current wiper position (Volatile, V).
WCR7
WCR6
WCR5
WCR4
WCR3
WCR2
WCR1
WCR0
V
V
V
V
V
V
V
V
(MSB)
(LSB)
Table 5. Data Register, DR (8-bit), Bit [7:0]: Used to store wiper positions or data (Nonvolatile, NV).
Bit 7
Bit 6
Bit 5
Bit 4
Bit 3
Bit 2
Bit 1
Bit 0
NV
NV
NV
NV
NV
NV
NV
NV
MSB
REV 1.2.3 4/30/02
LSB
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X9259
DEVICE DESCRIPTION
Instructions
Four of the nine instructions are three bytes in length.
These instructions are:
– Read Wiper Counter Register – read the current
wiper position of the selected potentiometer,
– Write Wiper Counter Register – change current
wiper position of the selected potentiometer,
– Read Data Register – read the contents of the
selected Data Register;
– Write Data Register – write a new value to the
selected Data Register.
The basic sequence of the three byte instructions is
illustrated in Figure 4. These three-byte instructions
exchange data between the WCR and one of the Data
Registers. A transfer from a Data Register to a WCR is
essentially a write to a static RAM, with the static RAM
controlling the wiper position. The response of the
wiper to this action will be delayed by tWRL. A transfer
from the WCR (current wiper position), to a Data
Register is a write to nonvolatile memory and takes a
minimum of tWR to complete. The transfer can occur
between one of the four potentiometers and one of its
associated registers; or it may occur globally, where
the transfer occurs between all potentiometers and one
associated register.
Four instructions require a two-byte sequence to
complete. These instructions transfer data between the
host and the X9259; either between the host and one
of the data registers or directly between the host and
the Wiper Counter Register. These instructions are:
– XFR Data Register to Wiper Counter Register –
This transfers the contents of one specified Data
Register to the associated Wiper Counter Register.
– XFR Wiper Counter Register to Data Register –
This transfers the contents of the specified Wiper
Counter Register to the specified associated Data
Register.
– Global XFR Data Register to Wiper Counter
Register – This transfers the contents of all specified
Data Registers to the associated Wiper Counter
Registers.
– Global XFR Wiper Counter Register to Data
Register – This transfers the contents of all Wiper
Counter Registers to the specified associated Data
Registers.
INCREMENT/DECREMENT COMMAND
The final command is Increment/Decrement (Figure 5
and 6). The Increment/Decrement command is
different from the other commands. Once the
command is issued and the X9259 has responded with
an acknowledge, the master can clock the selected
wiper up and/or down in one segment steps; thereby,
providing a fine tuning capability to the host. For each
SCL clock pulse (tHIGH) while SDA is HIGH, the
selected wiper will move one resistor segment towards
the RH terminal. Similarly, for each SCL clock pulse
while SDA is LOW, the selected wiper will move one
resistor segment towards the RL terminal.
See Instruction format for more details.
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10 of 25
X9259
Figure 3. Two-Byte Instruction Sequence
SCL
SDA
0
1
0
1
S ID3 ID2 ID1 ID0 A3 A2 A1 A0
T
A
External
R
Device ID
Address
T
A I3
C
K
I2
I1
I0
Instruction
Opcode
RB RA P1 P0
Register
Address
A
C
K
Pot/WCR
Address
S
T
O
P
Figure 4. Three-Byte Instruction Sequence 2-Wire Interface
SCL
SDA
0
1
0
1
S ID3 ID2 ID1 ID0 A3
T
A
Device ID
R
T
A2
A0 A I3
C
K
External
Address
I2
A1
I1 I0
Instruction
Opcode
RB RA P1 P0 A
C
K
Register Pot/WCR
Address Address
D7 D6 D5 D4 D3 D2 D1 D0
WCR[7:0]
or
Data Register D[7:0]
A
C
K
S
T
O
P
Figure 5. Increment/Decrement Instruction Sequence 2-Wire Interface
SCL
0
SDA
S
T
A
R
T
1
0
1
ID3 ID2 ID1 ID0
Device ID
A3
A2 A1 A0
External
Address
A
C
K
I3
I2
I1
Instruction
Opcode
I0
RB RA P1 P0
A
C
Register Pot/WCR K
Address Address
I
N
C
1
I
N
C
2
I
N
C
n
D
E
C
1
D
E
C
n
S
T
O
P
Figure 6. Increment/Decrement Timing Limits
INC/DEC
CMD
Issued
tWRID
SCL
SDA
RW
REV 1.2.3 4/30/02
Voltage Out
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X9259
INSTRUCTION FORMAT
Read Wiper Counter Register (WCR)
Device Type
Device
S
Identifier
Addresses
T
A
R 0 1 0 1 A3 A2 A1 A0
T
Instruction
DR/WCR
S
Opcode
Addresses
A
C
K 1 0 0 1 0 0 P1 P0
S
A
C
K
Wiper Position
(Sent by X9259 on SDA) M
W W W W W W W W A
C C C C C C C C C
R R R R R R R R K
7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0
S
T
O
P
S
A
C
K
Wiper Position
(Sent by Master on SDA) S
W W W W W W W W A
C C C C C C C C C
R R R R R R R R K
7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0
S
T
O
P
Write Wiper Counter Register (WCR)
Device Type
Device
S
Identifier
Addresses
T
A
R 0 1 0 1 A3 A2 A1 A0
T
Instruction
DR/WCR
S
Opcode
Addresses
A
C
K 1 0 1 0 0 0 P1 P0
Read Data Register (DR)
Device Type
Device
S
Identifier
Addresses
T
A
R 0 1 0 1 A3 A2 A1 A0
T
Instruction
DR/WCR
S
Opcode
Addresses
A
C
K 1 0 1 1 RB RA P1 P0
S
A
C
K
Wiper Position
(Sent by X9259 on SDA) M
W W W W W W W W A
C C C C C C C C C
R R R R R R R R K
7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0
S
T
O
P
Device Type
Device
S
Identifier
Addresses
T
A
R 0 1 0 1 A3 A2 A1 A0
T
Instruction
DR/WCR
S
Opcode
Addresses
A
C
1 1 0 0 RB RA P1 P0
K
S
A
C
K
Wiper Position
(Sent by Master on SDA) S
W W W W W W W W A
C C C C C C C C C
R R R R R R R R K
7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0
S
T
O
P
HIGH-VOLTAGE
WRITE CYCLE
Write Data Register (DR)
Global XFR Data Register (DR) to Wiper Counter Register (WCR)
S
T
A
R
T
Instruction
DR/WCR
S
Opcode
Addresses
A
C
1 A3 A2 A1 A0 K 0 0 0 1 RB RA 0
0
Device Type
Identifier
0
1
0
REV 1.2.3 4/30/02
Device
Addresses
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S
A
C
K
S
T
O
P
Characteristics subject to change without notice.
12 of 25
X9259
Global XFR Wiper Counter Register (WCR) to Data Register (DR)
S Device Type
Device
T
Identifier
Addresses
A
R 0 1 0 1 A3 A2 A1 A0
T
Instruction
DR/WCR
S
Opcode
Addresses
A
C
1 0 0 0 RB RA 0 0
K
S
A
C
K
S
T
O
P
HIGH-VOLTAGE
WRITE CYCLE
Transfer Wiper Counter Register (WCR) to Data Register (DR)
Device
S Device Type
Identifier
Addresses
T
A
R 0 1 0 1 A3 A2 A1 A0
T
Instruction
DR/WCR
S
Opcode
Addresses
A
C
K 1 1 1 0 RB RA P1 P0
S
A
C
K
S
T
O
P
S
A
C
K
S
T
O
P
HIGH-VOLTAGE
WRITE CYCLE
Transfer Data Register (DR) to Wiper Counter Register (WCR)
S Device Type
Device
T
Identifier
Addresses
A
R 0 1 0 1 A3 A2 A1 A0
T
Instruction
DR/WCR
S
Opcode
Addresses
A
C
1 1 0 1 RB RA P1 P0
K
Increment/Decrement Wiper Counter Register (WCR)
Device
S Device Type
Identifier
Addresses
T
A
R 0 1 0 1 A3 A2 A1 A0
T
Notes: (1)
(2)
(3)
(4)
(5)
Instruction
DR/WCR
S
Opcode
Addresses
A
C
0 0 1 0 0 0 P1 P0
K
Increment/Decrement
S
(Sent by Master on SDA)
A
C
I/D I/D . . . . I/D I/D
K
S
T
O
P
“MACK”/”SACK”: stands for the acknowledge sent by the master/slave.
“A3 ~ A0”: stands for the device addresses sent by the master.
“X”: indicates that it is a “0” for testing purpose but physically it is a “don’t care” condition.
“I”: stands for the increment operation, SDA held high during active SCL phase (high).
“D”: stands for the decrement operation, SDA held low during active SCL phase (high).
REV 1.2.3 4/30/02
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13 of 25
X9259
ABSOLUTE MAXIMUM RATINGS
COMMENT
Temperature under bias ....................–65°C to +135°C
Storage temperature .........................–65°C to +150°C
Voltage on SCL, SDA any address input
with respect to VSS.................................. –1V to +7V
∆V = | (VH–VL) |.................................................... 5.5V
Lead temperature (soldering, 10 seconds).........300°C
IW (10 seconds) ................................................. ±6mA
Stresses above those listed under “Absolute Maximum
Ratings” may cause permanent damage to the device.
This is a stress rating only; the functional operation of
the device (at these or any other conditions above
those listed in the operational sections of this
specification) is not implied. Exposure to absolute
maximum rating conditions for extended periods may
affect device reliability.
RECOMMENDED OPERATING CONDITIONS
Temp
Min.
Supply Voltage (VCC)(4) Limits
Device
0°C
+70°C
X9259
5V ±10%
–40°C
+85°C
X9259-2.7
2.7V to 5.5V
Commercial
Industrial
Max.
ANALOG CHARACTERISTICS (Over recommended industrial (2.7V) operating conditions unless otherwise stated.)
Limits
Symbol
Parameter
Min.
Typ.
Max.
Units
Test Conditions
RTOTAL
End to End Resistance
100
kΩ
T version
RTOTAL
End to End Resistance
50
kΩ
U version
End to End Resistance
Tolerance
±20
%
Power Rating
50
mW
IW
Wiper Current
±3
mA
RW
Wiper Resistance
300
Ω
IW = ± 3mA @ VCC = 3V
RW
Wiper Resistance
150
Ω
IW = ± 3mA @ VCC = 5V
VTERM
Voltage on any RH or RL Pin
VCC
V
VSS = 0V
Noise
Resolution
VSS
-120
dB/ Hz
0.4
%
Ref: 1V
Absolute Linearity (1)
±1
MI(3)
Rw(n)(actual) – Rw(n)(expected)(5)
Relative Linearity (2)
±0.6
MI(3)
Rw(n + 1) – [Rw(n) + MI](5)
Temperature Coefficient of
RTOTAL
±300
Ratiometric Temp. Coefficient
CH/CL/CW
25°C, each pot
Potentiometer Capacitances
ppm/°C
20
10/10/25
ppm/°C
pF
See Macro model
Notes: (1) Absolute linearity is utilized to determine actual wiper voltage versus expected voltage as determined by wiper position when used
as a potentiometer.
(2) Relative linearity is utilized to determine the actual change in voltage between two successive tap positions when used as a
potentiometer. It is a measure of the error in step size.
(3) MI = RTOT / 255 or (RH – RL) / 255, single pot
(4) During power up VCC > VH, VL, and VW.
(5) n = 0, 1, 2, …,255; m =0, 1, 2, …, 254.
REV 1.2.3 4/30/02
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Characteristics subject to change without notice.
14 of 25
X9259
D.C. OPERATING CHARACTERISTICS (Over the recommended operating conditions unless otherwise specified.)
Limits
Symbol
Parameter
Min.
Typ.
Max.
Units
Test Conditions
ICC1
VCC supply current
(active)
3
mA
fSCL = 400KHz; VCC = +6V;
SDA = Open; (for 2-Wire, Active, Read
and
ICC2
VCC supply current
(nonvolatile write)
5
mA
fSCL = 400KHz; VCC = +6V;
SDA = Open; (for 2-Wire, Active,
Nonvolatile Write State only)
ISB
VCC current (standby)
5
µA
VCC = +6V; VIN = VSS or VCC; SDA =
VCC; (for 2-Wire, Standby State only)
ILI
Input leakage current
10
µA
VIN = VSS to VCC
ILO
Output leakage current
10
µA
VOUT = VSS to VCC
VIH
Input HIGH voltage
VCC x 0.7
VCC + 1
V
VIL
Input LOW voltage
–1
VCC x 0.3
V
VOL
Output LOW voltage
0.4
V
VOH
Output HIGH voltage
IOL = 3mA
ENDURANCE AND DATA RETENTION
Parameter
Min.
Units
Minimum endurance
100,000
Data changes per bit per register
Data retention
100
years
CAPACITANCE
Symbol
(6)
CIN/OUT
(6)
CIN
Test
Max.
Units
Test Conditions
Input / Output capacitance (SDA)
8
pF
VOUT = 0V
Input capacitance (SCL, WP, A2, A1 and A0)
6
pF
VIN = 0V
POWER-UP TIMING
Symbol
tr VCC(6)
Parameter
VCC Power-up rate
Min.
Max.
Units
0.2
50
V/ms
(7)
Power-up to initiation of read operation
1
ms
(7)
Power-up to initiation of write operation
50
ms
tPUR
tPUW
A.C. TEST CONDITIONS
Input Pulse Levels
Input rise and fall times
Input and output timing level
VCC x 0.1 to VCC x 0.9
10ns
VCC x 0.5
Notes: (6) This parameter is not 100% tested
(7) tPUR and tPUW are the delays required from the time the (last) power supply (VCC-) is stable until the specific instruction can be
issued. These parameters are periodically sampled and not 100% tested.
REV 1.2.3 4/30/02
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Characteristics subject to change without notice.
15 of 25
X9259
EQUIVALENT A.C. LOAD CIRCUIT
5V
3V
1533Ω
SPICE Macromodel
867Ω
RTOTAL
RH
SDA pin
RL
SDA pin
CW
CL
100pF
100pF
CL
10pF
25pF
10pF
RW
AC TIMING
Symbol
Parameter
fSCL
Clock Frequency
tCYC
Clock Cycle Time
tHIGH
tLOW
Min.
Max.
Units
400
kHz
2500
ns
Clock High Time
600
ns
Clock Low Time
1300
ns
tSU:STA
Start Setup Time
600
ns
tHD:STA
Start Hold Time
600
ns
tSU:STO
Stop Setup Time
600
ns
tSU:DAT
SDA Data Input Setup Time
100
ns
tHD:DAT
SDA Data Input Hold Time
30
ns
tR
SCL and SDA Rise Time
300
tF
SCL and SDA Fall Time
300
ns
tAA
SCL Low to SDA Data Output Valid Time
0.9
µs
tDH
SDA Data Output Hold Time
0
ns
TI
Noise Suppression Time Constant at SCL and SDA inputs
50
ns
tBUF
Bus Free Time (Prior to Any Transmission)
1200
ns
tSU:WPA
A0, A1 Setup Time
0
ns
tHD:WPA
A0, A1 Hold Time
0
ns
REV 1.2.3 4/30/02
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Characteristics subject to change without notice.
ns
16 of 25
X9259
HIGH-VOLTAGE WRITE CYCLE TIMING
Symbol
Parameter
tWR
High-voltage write cycle time (store instructions)
Typ.
Max.
Units
5
10
ms
XDCP TIMING
Symbol
Parameter
Min.
Max. Units
tWRPO
Wiper response time after the third (last) power supply is stable
5
10
µs
tWRL
Wiper response time after instruction issued (all load instructions)
5
10
µs
SYMBOL TABLE
WAVEFORM
INPUTS
OUTPUTS
Must be
steady
Will be
steady
May change
from Low to
High
Will change
from Low to
High
May change
from High to
Low
Will change
from High to
Low
Don’t Care:
Changes
Allowed
N/A
Changing:
State Not
Known
Center Line
is High
Impedance
.
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17 of 25
X9259
TIMING DIAGRAMS
Start and Stop Timing
(START)
(STOP)
tR
tF
SCL
tSU:STA
tHD:STA
tSU:STO
tR
tF
SDA
Input Timing
tCYC
tHIGH
SCL
tLOW
SDA
tSU:DAT
tHD:DAT
tBUF
Output Timing
SCL
SDA
tAA
REV 1.2.3 4/30/02
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tDH
Characteristics subject to change without notice.
18 of 25
X9259
XDCP Timing (for All Load Instructions)
(STOP)
SCL
LSB
SDA
tWRL
VWx
Write Protect and Device Address Pins Timing
(START)
(STOP)
SCL
...
(Any Instruction)
...
SDA
...
tSU:WPA
tHD:WPA
WP
A0, A1
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Characteristics subject to change without notice.
19 of 25
X9259
APPLICATIONS INFORMATION
Basic Configurations of Electronic Potentiometers
+VR
VR
RW
I
Three terminal Potentiometer;
Variable voltage divider
Two terminal Variable Resistor;
Variable current
Application Circuits
Noninverting Amplifier
VS
Voltage Regulator
+
VO
–
VIN
VO (REG)
317
R1
R2
Iadj
R1
R2
VO = (1+R2/R1)VS
VO (REG) = 1.25V (1+R2/R1)+Iadj R2
Offset Voltage Adjustment
R1
Comparator with Hysterisis
R2
VS
VS
–
+
VO
100KΩ
–
VO
+
}
}
TL072
R1
R2
10KΩ
10KΩ
+12V
REV 1.2.3 4/30/02
VUL = {R1/(R1+R2)} VO(max)
RLL = {R1/(R1+R2)} VO(min)
10KΩ
-12V
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Characteristics subject to change without notice.
20 of 25
X9259
Application Circuits (continued)
Attenuator
Filter
C
VS
+
R2
R1
VS
VO
–
–
R
VO
+
R3
R4
R2
R1 = R2 = R3 = R4 = 10kΩ
R1
GO = 1 + R2/R1
fc = 1/(2πRC)
VO = G VS
-1/2 ≤ G ≤ +1/2
R1
R2
}
}
Inverting Amplifier
Equivalent L-R Circuit
VS
R2
C1
–
VS
VO
+
+
–
R1
ZIN
VO = G VS
G = - R2/R1
R3
ZIN = R2 + s R2 (R1 + R3) C1 = R2 + s Leq
(R1 + R3) >> R2
Function Generator
C
R2
–
+
R1
–
} RA
+
} RB
frequency ∝ R1, R2, C
amplitude ∝ RA, RB
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21 of 25
X9259
PACKAGING INFORMATION
24-Ball BGA (X9259TA/X9259UA)
a
a
1
2
l
3
j
m
4
4
3
2
1
A
A
B
B
k
C
C
D
D
E
E
b
b
f
F
Top View (Bump Side Down)
F
Bottom View (Bump Side Up)
Note: Drawing not to scale
d
= Die Orientation mark
Ball Matrix
c
e
Side View (Bump Side Down)
4
3
2
1
A
RL1
A1
A2
RW0
B
RW1
SDA
WP
RL0
C
VSS
RH1
RH0
VCC
D
NC
RH2
RH3
NC
E
RW2
A3
NC1
RL3
F
RL2
SCL
A0
RW3
NC1 - must be left unconnected
Millimeters
Inches
Symbol
Min
Nom.
Max
Min
Nom.
Max
Package Body Dimension X
a
2.727
2.757
2.787
0.1074
0.1086
0.1097
Package Body Dimension Y
b
4.505
4.535
4.565
0.1774
0.1786
0.1797
Package Height
c
0.654
0.682
0.710
0.0258
0.0269
0.0280
Body Thickness
d
0.444
0.457
0.470
0.0175
0.0180
0.0185
Ball Height
e
0.210
0.225
0.240
0.0083
0.0089
0.0094
Ball Diameter
f
0.316
0.326
0.336
0.0124
0.0128
0.0132
Ball Pitch-X Axis
j
0.5
0.0197
Ball Pitch-Y Axis
k
0.5
0.0197
Ball to Edge Spacing-Distance Along X
l
0.594
0.629
0.664
0.0234
0.0248
0.0261
Ball to Edge Spacing-Distance Along Y
m
0.983
1.018
1.053
0.0387
0.0401
0.0414
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Characteristics subject to change without notice.
22 of 25
X9259
PACKAGING INFORMATION
24-Lead Plastic, TSSOP, Package Code V24
.026 (.65) BSC
.169 (4.3)
.252 (6.4) BSC
.177 (4.5)
.303 (7.70)
.311 (7.90)
.047 (1.20)
.0075 (.19)
.0118 (.30)
.002 (.06)
.005 (.15)
.010 (.25)
Gage Plane
0°–8°
(4.16) (7.72)
Seating Plane
.020 (.50)
.030 (.75)
(1.78)
Detail A (20X)
(0.42)
(0.65)
.031 (.80)
.041 (1.05)
ALL MEASUREMENTS ARE TYPICAL
See Detail “A”
NOTE: ALL DIMENSIONS IN INCHES (IN PARENTHESES IN MILLIMETERS)
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23 of 25
X9259
PACKAGING INFORMATION
24-Lead Plastic Small Outline Gull Wing Package Type S
0.290 (7.37) 0.393 (10.00)
0.299 (7.60) 0.420 (10.65)
Pin 1 Index
Pin 1
0.014 (0.35)
0.020 (0.50)
0.598 (15.20)
0.610 (15.49)
(4X) 7°
0.092 (2.35)
0.105 (2.65)
0.003 (0.10)
0.012 (0.30)
0.050 (1.27)
0.050" Typical
0.010 (0.25)
X 45°
0.020 (0.50)
0.050"
Typical
0° – 8°
0.009 (0.22)
0.013 (0.33)
0.420"
0.015 (0.40)
0.050 (1.27)
FOOTPRINT
0.030" Typical
24 Places
NOTE: ALL DIMENSIONS IN INCHES (IN PARENTHESES IN MILLIMETERS)
REV 1.2.3 4/30/02
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Characteristics subject to change without notice.
24 of 25
X9259
ORDERING INFORMATION
X9259
Y
P
T
V
VCC Limits
Blank = 5V ±10%
–2.7 = 2.7 to 5.5V
Device
Temperature Range
Blank = Commercial = 0°C to +70°C
I = Industrial = –40°C to +85°C
Package
S24 = 24-Lead SOIC
V24 = 24-Lead TSSOP
B24 = 24-Lead XBGA
Potentiometer Organization
Pot
U=
50KΩ
T=
100KΩ
PART MARK CONVENTION
24 Lead XBGA
Top Mark
X9259TB24
XADE
X9259TB24-2.7
XADG
X9259TB24I
XADH
X9259TB24I-2.7
XADI
X9259UB24
XADJ
X9259UB24-2.7
XADK
X9259UB24I
XADL
X9259UB24I-2.7
XADM
S & V Package Marking
Line #1
Line #2
Line #3
Line #4
(Blank)
(Part Number)
(Date Code) (*)
(Blank)
LIMITED WARRANTY
= F 2.7V 0 to 70°C
G 2.7V -40 to +85°C
I 5V
-40 to +85°C
©Xicor, Inc. 2001 Patents Pending
Devices sold by Xicor, Inc. are covered by the warranty and patent indemnification provisions appearing in its Terms of Sale only. Xicor, Inc. makes no warranty,
express, statutory, implied, or by description regarding the information set forth herein or regarding the freedom of the described devices from patent infringement.
Xicor, Inc. makes no warranty of merchantability or fitness for any purpose. Xicor, Inc. reserves the right to discontinue production and change specifications and prices
at any time and without notice.
Xicor, Inc. assumes no responsibility for the use of any circuitry other than circuitry embodied in a Xicor, Inc. product. No other circuits, patents, or licenses are implied.
TRADEMARK DISCLAIMER:
Xicor and the Xicor logo are registered trademarks of Xicor, Inc. AutoStore, Direct Write, Block Lock, SerialFlash, MPS, and XDCP are also trademarks of Xicor, Inc. All
others belong to their respective owners.
U.S. PATENTS
Xicor products are covered by one or more of the following U.S. Patents: 4,326,134; 4,393,481; 4,404,475; 4,450,402; 4,486,769; 4,488,060; 4,520,461; 4,533,846;
4,599,706; 4,617,652; 4,668,932; 4,752,912; 4,829,482; 4,874,967; 4,883,976; 4,980,859; 5,012,132; 5,003,197; 5,023,694; 5,084,667; 5,153,880; 5,153,691;
5,161,137; 5,219,774; 5,270,927; 5,324,676; 5,434,396; 5,544,103; 5,587,573; 5,835,409; 5,977,585. Foreign patents and additional patents pending.
LIFE RELATED POLICY
In situations where semiconductor component failure may endanger life, system designers using this product should design the system with appropriate error detection
and correction, redundancy and back-up features to prevent such an occurrence.
Xicor’s products are not authorized for use in critical components in life support devices or systems.
1. Life support devices or systems are devices or systems which, (a) are intended for surgical implant into the body, or (b) support or sustain life, and whose failure to
perform, when properly used in accordance with instructions for use provided in the labeling, can be reasonably expected to result in a significant injury to the user.
2. A critical component is any component of a life support device or system whose failure to perform can be reasonably expected to cause the failure of the life
support device or system, or to affect its safety or effectiveness.
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Characteristics subject to change without notice.
25 of 25