CS8147 CS8147 10V/5V Low Dropout Dual Regulator with ENABLE Description Features The CS8147 is a 10V/5V dual output linear regulator. The 10V ±.5% output sources 500mA and the 5V ±3% output sources 70mA. The secondary output is inherently stable and does not require an external capacitor. regulator draws only 70µA of quiescent current. The on board ENABLE function controls the regulatorÕs two outputs. When ENABLE is high, the regulator is placed in SLEEP mode. Both outputs are disabled and the The CS8147 is packaged in a 5 lead TO-220 with copper tab. The copper tab can be connected to a heat sink if necessary. The regulator is protected against overvoltage conditions. Both outputs are protected against short circuit and thermal runaway conditions. Absolute Maximum Ratings Input Voltage (VIN) DC .............................................................................................-18V to 26V Positive Peak Transient Voltage (46V Load Dump @ VIN = 14V) .......................................................60V Negative Peak Transient Voltage ......................................................-50V ESD (Human Body Model) ...........................................................................2kV ENABLE Input ...................................................................................-0.3 to 10V Internal Power Dissipation ..................................................Internally Limited Junction Temperature Range...................................................-40¡C to +150¡C Storage Temperature Range ....................................................-65¡C to +150¡C Lead Temperature Soldering Wave Solder (through hole styles only)..........10 sec. max, 260¡C peak ■ Two Regulated Outputs 10V ± 5%; 500 mA 5V ± 3%; 70 mA ■ 70µA SLEEP Mode Current ■ Inherently Stable Secondary Output (No Output Capacitor Required) ■ Fault Protection Overvoltage Shutdown Reverse Battery 60V Peak Transient -50V Reverse Transient Short Circuit Thermal Shutdown ■ CMOS Compatible ENABLE Input with Low (IOUT(max)) Input Current. Package Options 5 Lead TO-220 Block Diagram Tab (Gnd) Primary Output V OUT 1 V IN Over Voltage Shutdown Anti-saturation and Current Limit + - ENABLE Pre-Regulator - + Secondary Output - Bandgap Reference 1 + V OUT 2 Gnd Thermal Shutdown Current Limit 1 ENABLE 2 VIN 3 Gnd 4 VOUT1 (10V) 5 VOUT2 (5V) Cherry Semiconductor Corporation 2000 South County Trail, East Greenwich, RI 02818 Tel: (401)885-3600 Fax: (401)885-5786 Email: [email protected] Web Site: www.cherry-semi.com Rev. 4/5/99 1 A ¨ Company CS8147 Electrical Characteristics for VOUT: VIN = 14V, IOUT1 = IOUT2 = 5mA, -40¡C < TJ < 150¡C, -40¡C ² TA ² 125ûC, ENABLE = LOW; unless otherwise specified. PARAMETER TEST CONDITIONS MIN TYP MAX UNIT 9.50 10.00 10.50 V ■ Primary Output (VOUT1) Output Voltage 13V ² VIN ² 26V, IOUT1 ² 500mA, Dropout Voltage IOUT1 = 500mA 0.5 0.7 V Line Regulation 11V ² VIN ² 18V, IOUT1 = 250mA 45 90 mV Load Regulation 5mA ² IOUT1 ² 500mA 15 75 mV Quiescent Current IOUT1 ² 1mA, No Load on VOUT2, VIN = 18V IOUT1 = 500mA, No Load on VOUT2, VIN = 11V ENABLE = HIGH VOUT1,VOUT2 = OFF 3 60 7 120 mA mA 70 200 µA Quiescent Current Current Limit 0.55 Long Term Stability Over Voltage Shutdown ■ Secondary Output (VOUT2) Output Voltage VOUT1 and VOUT2 6V ² VIN ² 26V, 1mA ² IOUT2 ² 70mA Dropout Voltage IOUT2 ² 70mA Line Regulation 11 ² VIN ² 18V, IOUT = 70µA Load Regulation 1mA ² IOUT2 ² 70mA, VIN = 14V A 50 mV/khr 32 36 40 4.85 5.00 5.15 V 1.5 2.5 V 4 50 mV 10 50 Current Limit 150 ■ ENABLE Function ( ENABLE ) Input ENABLE Threshold VOUT2(ON) VOUT1(OFF) Input ENABLE Current 0.80 .8 Input Voltage Range 0 to 5V 1.40 1.40 -10 V mV mA 2.50 V V 10 µA Package Lead Description PACKAGE LEAD # 5 Lead TO-220 1 2 3 4 5 LEAD SYMBOL FUNCTION ENABLE CMOS compatible input lead; switches VOUT1 and VOUT2 on and off. When ENABLE is low, VOUT1 and VOUT2 are active. Supply voltage, usually direct from battery. Ground connection. Regulated output 10V, 500mA (typ) Secondary output 5V, 70mA (typ). VIN Gnd VOUT1 VOUT2 2 CS8147 Typical Performance Characteristics Dropout Voltage vs. Output Current (VOUT2) Dropout Voltage vs. Output Current (VOUT1) 600 2.00 550 1.80 -40°C 1.60 Dropout Voltage (V), VOUT2 Dropout Voltage (mV), VOUT1 500 450 25°C 1.40 400 1.20 125°C 350 25°C 300 -40°C 250 125°C 1.00 0.80 200 0.60 150 VIN = 6.00V 0.40 100 0.20 50 0 0 0 10 0 50 100 150 200 250 300 350 400 450 500 550 600 Output Current (mA) Quiescent Current vs. Output Current (VOUT2) Quiescent Current vs. Output Current (VOUT1) 100 7 90 6 25°C 80 125°C Quiescent Current (mA) Quiescent Current (mA) 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100 Output Current (mA) VOUT2 (5V) 70 60 -40°C 50 VIN = 14V 40 30 5 -40°C 4 25°C 3 125°C 2 20 1 10 0 VIN = 14V 0 0 10 0 50 100 150 200 250 300 350 400 450 500 550 600 Output Current (mA) 20 30 40 60 70 80 90 Output Current (mA), VOUT2 (5V) VOUT2 vs. Temperature Line Regulation vs. Output Current (VOUT1) 120 5.02 110 100 Line Regulation (mV) 5.01 VOUT (Volts) 50 5.00 4.99 90 125°C VIN = 11V - 26V 25°C 80 70 -40°C 60 50 40 30 20 10 4.98 -50 -40 -30 -20 -10 0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100 110 120 130 140 Temp (C°) PART1 VIN=14V, RLOAD=0 0 3 0 50 100 150 200 250 300 350 400 450 500 550 600 Output Current (mA), VOUT1 (10V) 100 CS8147 Typical Performance Characteristics Load Regulation vs. Output Current (VOUT1) Load Regulation vs. Output Current (VOUT2) 30 10 26 9 18 25°C 14 -40°C 10 6 2 125°C 6 25°C 5 4 -40°C 3 2 -6 1 0 0 0 50 100 150 200 250 300 350 400 450 500 550 600 Output Current (mA), VOUT1 (10V) 125°C 7 -2 -10 VIN = 14V 8 VIN = 14V Load Regulation (mV) Load Regulation (mV) 22 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 Output Current (mA), VOUT2 (5V) 100 Quiescent Current (ICQ) vs. VIN over Temperature ENABLE Input Current vs. Input Voltage 350 -40ûC 100.0 V10 = 500mA Load V5 = 70mA Load 300 25ûC ICQ (mA) IENABLE (mA) 250 20.00 /div 0 200 150 125ûC 100 50 0 -100.0 -1.000 0 0 1 2 3 4 5 9.000 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 VIN (V) VENABLE 1.000/div (V) VOUT1 vs. Temperature Quiescent Current (ICQ) vs. VIN over RLOAD 300 10.025 VOUT1 = 500mA Load VOUT2 = 100mA Load VIN = 14V IO = 30mA 10.020 250 10.015 10.010 200 10.005 150 VOUT (V) ICQ (mA) 6 100 10.000 9.995 9.990 V10 = 500mA Load V5 = No Load VOUT1= No Load VOUT2 = No Load 50 9.985 9.980 0 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 9.975 VIN (V) 4 -50 -30 -10 10 30 50 70 TEMP (°C) 90 110 130 150 Load Regulation: The change in output voltage for a change in load current at constant chip temperature. Dropout Voltage: The input-output voltage differential at which the circuit ceases to regulate against further reduction in input voltage. Measured when the output voltage has dropped 100mV from the nominal value obtained at 14V input, dropout voltage is dependent upon load current and junction temperature. Long Term Stability: Output voltage stability under accelerated life-test conditions after 1000 hours with maximum rated voltage and junction temperature. Output Noise Voltage: The rms AC voltage at the output, with constant load and no input ripple, measured over a specified frequency range. Current Limit: Peak current that can be delivered to the output. Input Voltage: The DC voltage applied to the input terminals with respect to ground. Quiescent Current: The part of the positive input current that does not contribute to the positive load current. The regulator ground lead current. Input Output Differential: The voltage difference between the unregulated input voltage and the regulated output voltage for which the regulator will operate. Ripple Rejection: The ratio of the peak-to-peak input ripple voltage to the peak-to-peak output ripple voltage. Line Regulation: The change in output voltage for a change in the input voltage. The measurement is made under conditions of low dissipation or by using pulse techniques such that the average chip temperature is not significantly affected. Temperature Stability of VOUT: The percentage change in output voltage for a thermal variation from room temperature to either temperature extreme. Typical Circuit Waveform 60V VIN ENABLE 26V 31V 14V 14V 5V 2.0V 0.8V 10V 10V 10V 10V 5V VOUT1 0V 0V 0V 5V 5V VOUT2 5V 5V 3V Turn On Load Dump Low VIN Line Noise, Etc. 5V 0V 0V 0V System Condition 10V 0V VOUT Short Circuit Thermal Shutdown Test & Applications Circuit C 1* 0.1 mF DISPLAY VIN VOUT1 C2** 10mF CS8147 Control 10V ENABLE Gnd * C1 is required if the regulator is located away from the power source filter. **C2 is required for stability. 5 VOUT2 5V Tuner IC 0V Turn Off CS8147 Definition of Terms CS8147 Applications Step 5: If the capacitor is adequate, repeat steps 3 and 4 with the next smaller valued capacitor. A smaller capacitor will usually cost less and occupy less board space. If the output oscillates within the range of expected operating conditions, repeat steps 3 and 4 with the next larger standard capacitor value. Step 6: Test the load transient response by switching in various loads at several frequencies to simulate its real working environment. Vary the ESR to reduce ringing. Step 7: Raise the temperature to the highest specified operating temperature. Vary the load current as instructed in step 5 to test for any oscillations. Once the minimum capacitor value with the maximum ESR is found for each output, a safety factor should be added to allow for the tolerance of the capacitor and any variations in regulator performance. Most good quality aluminum electrolytic capacitors have a tolerance of ±20% so the minimum value found should be increased by at least 50% to allow for this tolerance plus the variation which will occur at low temperatures. The ESR of the capacitors should be less than 50% of the maximum allowable ESR found in step 3 above. Since both outputs are controlled by the same ENABLE , the CS8147 is ideal for applications where a sleep mode is required. Using the CS8147, a section of circuitry such as a display and nonessential 5V circuits can be shut down under microprocessor control to conserve energy. The test applications circuit diagram shows an automotive radio application where the display is powered by 10V from VOUT1 and the Tuner IC is powered by 5V from VOUT2. Neither output is required unless both the ignition and the Radio On/OFF switch are on. Stability Considerations The secondary output VOUT2 is inherently stable and does not require a compensation capacitor. However a compensation capacitor connected between VOUT1 and ground is required for stability in most applications. The output or compensation capacitor helps determine three main characteristics of a linear regulator: start-up delay, load transient response and loop stability. The capacitor value and type should be based on cost, availability, size and temperature constraints. A tantalum or aluminum electrolytic capacitor is best, since a film or ceramic capacitor with almost zero ESR can cause instability. The aluminum electrolytic capacitor is the least expensive solution, but, if the circuit operates at low temperatures (-25¡C to -40¡C), both the value and ESR of the capacitor will vary considerably. The capacitor manufacturers data sheet usually provides this information. The value for the output capacitor C2 shown in the test and applications circuit should work for most applications, however it is not necessarily the optimized solution. To determine acceptable value for C2 for a particular application, start with a tantalum capacitor of the recommended value and work towards a less expensive alternative part. Step 1: Place the completed circuit with a tantalum capacitor of the recommended value in an environmental chamber at the lowest specified operating temperature and monitor the outputs with an oscilloscope. A decade box connected in series with the capacitor will simulate the higher ESR of an aluminum capacitor. Leave the decade box outside the chamber, the small resistance added by the longer leads is negligible. Step 2: With the input voltage at its maximum value, increase the load current slowly from zero to full load while observing the output for any oscillations. If no oscillations are observed, the capacitor is large enough to ensure a stable design under steady state conditions. Step 3: Increase the ESR of the capacitor from zero using the decade box and vary the load current until oscillations appear. Record the values of load current and ESR that cause the greatest oscillation. This represents the worst case load conditions for the regulator at low temperature. Step 4: Maintain the worst case load conditions set in step 3 and vary the input voltage until the oscillations increase. This point represents the worst case input voltage conditions. Calculating Power Dissipation in a Dual Output Linear Regulator The maximum power dissipation for a dual output regulator (Figure 1) is PD(max) = {VIN(max) Ð VOUT1(min)}IOUT1(max) + {VIN(max) Ð VOUT2(min)}IOUT2(max) + VIN(max)IQ (1) Where: VIN(max) is the maximum input voltage, VOUT1(min) is the minimum output voltage from VOUT1, VOUT2(min) is the minimum output voltage from VOUT2, IOUT1(max) is the maximum output current, for the application, IOUT2(max) is the maximum output current, for the application, and IQ is the quiescent current the regulator consumes at IOUT(max). Once the value of PD(max) is known, the maximum permissible value of RQJA can be calculated: RQJA = 150¡C - TA PD (2) The value of RQJA can then be compared with those in the package section of the data sheet. Those packages with RQJA's less than the calculated value in equation 2 will keep the die temperature below 150¡C. In some cases, none of the packages will be sufficient to dissipate the heat generated by the IC, and an external heatsink will be required. 6 IIN VIN Smart Regulator } IOUT1 VOUT1 IOUT2 VOUT2 Control Features IQ Figure 1: Dual output regulator with key performance parameters labeled. Heat Sinks A heat sink effectively increases the surface area of the package to improve the flow of heat away from the IC and into the surrounding air. Each material in the heat flow path between the IC and the outside environment will have a thermal resistance. Like series electrical resistances, these resistances are summed to determine the value of RQJA: RQJA = RQJC + RQCS + RQSA where: RQJC = the junctionÐtoÐcase thermal resistance, (3) RQCS = the caseÐtoÐheatsink thermal resistance, and RQSA = the heatsinkÐtoÐambient thermal resistance. RQJC appears in the package section of the data sheet. Like RQJA, it too is a function of package type. RQCS and RQSA are functions of the package type, heatsink and the interface between them. These values appear in heat sink data sheets of heat sink manufacturers. 7 CS8147 Application Notes: continued CS8147 Package Specification PACKAGE DIMENSIONS IN MM (INCHES) PACKAGE THERMAL DATA Thermal Data RQJC typ RQJA typ 5 Lead TO-220 (T) Straight 10.54 (.415) 9.78 (.385) 4.83 (.190) 4.06 (.160) 3.96 (.156) 3.71 (.146) 2.87 (.113) 6.55 (.258) 2.62 (.103) 5.94 (.234) ûC/W ûC/W 5 Lead TO-220 (TVA) Vertical 1.40 (.055) 1.14 (.045) 4.83 (.190) 4.06 (.160) 5 Lead TO-220 2.4 50 10.54 (.415) 9.78 (.385) 14.99 (.590) 14.22 (.560) 3.96 (.156) 3.71 (.146) 1.40 (.055) 1.14 (.045) 6.55 (.258) 5.94 (.234) 2.87 (.113) 2.62 (.103) 14.22 (.560) 13.72 (.540) 14.99 (.590) 14.22 (.560) 1.78 (.070) 2.92 (.115) 2.29 (.090) 8.64 (.340) 7.87 (.310) 1.02 (.040) 0.76 (.030) 0.56 (.022) 0.36 (.014) 1.83(.072) 1.57(.062) 1.02(.040) 0.63(.025) 4.34 (.171) 1.68 (.066) typ 1.70 (.067) 0.56 (.022) 0.36 (.014) 7.51 (.296) 6.80 (.268) 6.93(.273) 6.68(.263) 2.92 (.115) 2.29 (.090) .94 (.037) .69 (.027) 5 Lead TO-220 (THA) Horizontal 4.83 (.190) 10.54 (.415) 9.78 (.385) 2.87 (.113) 2.62 (.103) 1.40 (.055) 4.06 (.160) 1.14 (.045) 3.96 (.156) 3.71 (.146) 14.99 (.590) 14.22 (.560) 6.55 (.258) 5.94 (.234) 2.77 (.109) 6.83 (.269) 1.68 (.066) TYP 1.70 (.067) 0.81(.032) 2.92 (.115) 2.29 (.090) 0.56 (.022) 0.36 (.014) 6.60 (.260) 5.84 (.230) 6.81(.268) Ordering Information Part Number CS8147YT5 CS8147YTVA5 CS8147YTHA5 Rev. 4/5/99 Description 5 Lead TO-220 Straight 5 Lead TO-220 Vertical 5 Lead TO-220 Horizontal Cherry Semiconductor Corporation reserves the right to make changes to the specifications without notice. Please contact Cherry Semiconductor Corporation for the latest available information. 8 © 1999 Cherry Semiconductor Corporation