B GA 711 N 7 B GA 711 N 7 fo r LT E Applic atio ns Sup por tin g B and 1, 4,10 with R efe r ence Res i s tor Rr ef= 27 k Ω Applic atio n N ote A N 345 Revision: Rev. 1.0 2013-09-10 RF and P r otecti on D evic es Edition 2013-09-10 Published by Infineon Technologies AG 81726 Munich, Germany © 2014 Infineon Technologies AG All Rights Reserved. Legal Disclaimer The information given in this document shall in no event be regarded as a guarantee of conditions or characteristics. With respect to any examples or hints given herein, any typical values stated herein and/or any information regarding the application of the device, Infineon Technologies hereby disclaims any and all warranties and liabilities of any kind, including without limitation, warranties of non-infringement of intellectual property rights of any third party. Information For further information on technology, delivery terms and conditions and prices, please contact the nearest Infineon Technologies Office (www.infineon.com). Warnings Due to technical requirements, components may contain dangerous substances. For information on the types in question, please contact the nearest Infineon Technologies Office. Infineon Technologies components may be used in life-support devices or systems only with the express written approval of Infineon Technologies, if a failure of such components can reasonably be expected to cause the failure of that life-support device or system or to affect the safety or effectiveness of that device or system. Life support devices or systems are intended to be implanted in the human body or to support and/or maintain and sustain and/or protect human life. If they fail, it is reasonable to assume that the health of the user or other persons may be endangered. BGA711N7 BGA711N7 for LTE Applications Supporting Band Application Note AN2XX Revision History: 2013-09-10 Previous Revision: Page Subjects (major changes since last revision) Trademarks of Infineon Technologies AG AURIX™, C166™, CanPAK™, CIPOS™, CIPURSE™, EconoPACK™, CoolMOS™, CoolSET™, CORECONTROL™, CROSSAVE™, DAVE™, DI-POL™, EasyPIM™, EconoBRIDGE™, EconoDUAL™, EconoPIM™, EconoPACK™, EiceDRIVER™, eupec™, FCOS™, HITFET™, HybridPACK™, I²RF™, ISOFACE™, IsoPACK™, MIPAQ™, ModSTACK™, my-d™, NovalithIC™, OptiMOS™, ORIGA™, POWERCODE™, PRIMARION™, PrimePACK™, PrimeSTACK™, PRO-SIL™, PROFET™, RASIC™, ReverSave™, SatRIC™, SIEGET™, SINDRION™, SIPMOS™, SmartLEWIS™, SOLID FLASH™, TEMPFET™, thinQ!™, TRENCHSTOP™, TriCore™. Other Trademarks Advance Design System™ (ADS) of Agilent Technologies, AMBA™, ARM™, MULTI-ICE™, KEIL™, PRIMECELL™, REALVIEW™, THUMB™, µVision™ of ARM Limited, UK. AUTOSAR™ is licensed by AUTOSAR development partnership. Bluetooth™ of Bluetooth SIG Inc. CAT-iq™ of DECT Forum. COLOSSUS™, FirstGPS™ of Trimble Navigation Ltd. EMV™ of EMVCo, LLC (Visa Holdings Inc.). EPCOS™ of Epcos AG. FLEXGO™ of Microsoft Corporation. FlexRay™ is licensed by FlexRay Consortium. HYPERTERMINAL™ of Hilgraeve Incorporated. IEC™ of Commission Electrotechnique Internationale. IrDA™ of Infrared Data Association Corporation. ISO™ of INTERNATIONAL ORGANIZATION FOR STANDARDIZATION. MATLAB™ of MathWorks, Inc. MAXIM™ of Maxim Integrated Products, Inc. MICROTEC™, NUCLEUS™ of Mentor Graphics Corporation. MIPI™ of MIPI Alliance, Inc. MIPS™ of MIPS Technologies, Inc., USA. muRata™ of MURATA MANUFACTURING CO., MICROWAVE OFFICE™ (MWO) of Applied Wave Research Inc., OmniVision™ of OmniVision Technologies, Inc. Openwave™ Openwave Systems Inc. RED HAT™ Red Hat, Inc. RFMD™ RF Micro Devices, Inc. SIRIUS™ of Sirius Satellite Radio Inc. SOLARIS™ of Sun Microsystems, Inc. SPANSION™ of Spansion LLC Ltd. Symbian™ of Symbian Software Limited. TAIYO YUDEN™ of Taiyo Yuden Co. TEAKLITE™ of CEVA, Inc. TEKTRONIX™ of Tektronix Inc. TOKO™ of TOKO KABUSHIKI KAISHA TA. UNIX™ of X/Open Company Limited. VERILOG™, PALLADIUM™ of Cadence Design Systems, Inc. VLYNQ™ of Texas Instruments Incorporated. VXWORKS™, WIND RIVER™ of WIND RIVER SYSTEMS, INC. ZETEX™ of Diodes Zetex Limited. Last Trademarks Update 2011-11-11 Application Note AN2XX, Rev. 1.0 3 / 23 2013-09-10 BGA711N7 BGA711N7 for LTE Applications Supporting Band List of Content, Figures and Tables Table of Content 1 Introduction ........................................................................................................................................ 5 2 Infineon LNA BGA711N7 for 3G and Beyond ................................................................................ 10 3 Description ........................................................................................................................................ 11 4 Application Information ................................................................................................................... 13 5 Typical Measurement Results ......................................................................................................... 14 6 Measured Graphs ............................................................................................................................. 15 7 Evaluation Board and Layout Information .................................................................................... 21 8 Authors .............................................................................................................................................. 22 List of Figures Figure 1 Figure 2 Figure 3 Figure 4 Figure 5 Figure 6 Figure 7 Figure 8 Figure 9 Figure 10 Figure 11 Figure 12 Figure 13 Figure 14 Figure 15 Figure 16 Example of Application Diagram of a 3-band RF front-end for 3G and 4G systems. .......................... 7 BGA711N7 in TSNP-7-1 Package ..................................................................................................... 10 Block diagram and pin assignment of BGA711N7 (topview) ............................................................. 12 Schematics of the application circuit of BGA711N7 for Band 1,4 and 10 .......................................... 13 Wideband Insertion Power Gain of BGA BGA711N7 with Rref= 27 kΩ ............................................ 15 Narrowband Insertion Power Gain of BGA BGA711N7 in Band 1,4,10 with Rref= 27 kΩ ................ 15 Measured Noise Figure of BGA711N7 for High Gain Mode in Band 1,4,10 with Rref= 27 kΩ .......... 16 Reverse Isolation of BGA711N7 in Band 1,4,10 with Rref= 27 kΩ .................................................... 16 Input return loss of BGA711N7 in Band 1,4,10 with Rref= 27 kΩ ...................................................... 17 Output return loss of BGA711N7 in Band 1,4,10 with Rref= 27 kΩ ................................................... 17 Input 1dB compression point of BGA711N7 in High Gain Mode (2140MHz) with Rref= 27 kΩ ........ 18 Carrier and intermodulation products of BGA711N7 in High Gain Mode with Rref= 27 kΩ .............. 19 Stability factors of BGA711N7 for High Gain Mode in Band 1,4,10 with Rref= 27 kΩ ....................... 20 Stability factors of BGA711N7 for Low Gain Mode in Band 1,4,10 with Rref= 27 kΩ........................ 20 Evaluation board for Band 1,4 and 10 Application circuit .................................................................. 21 PCB Layer Information of BGA711N7 evaluation boards .................................................................. 21 List of Tables Table 1 Table 2 Table 3 Table 4 Table 5 Table 6 Table 7 UMTS/WCDMA Band Assignment ....................................................................................................... 5 LTE Band Assignment ......................................................................................................................... 6 Infineon Product Portfolio of LNAs for 3G and 4G Applications .......................................................... 9 Pin Assignment of BGA711N7 ........................................................................................................... 12 Gain Control Truth Table(Vcc=2.8V) .................................................................................................. 12 Bill-of-Materials of Band 1,4 and 10 ................................................................................................... 13 Electrical Characteristics Band 1,4 and 10 (at room temperature) .................................................... 14 Application Note AN2XX, Rev. 1.0 4 / 23 2013-09-10 BGA711N7 BGA711N7 for LTE Applications Supporting Band 1,4,10 and 2 Introduction 1 Introduction 1.1 About 3G and 4G Applications Recently, demand for wireless data service is growing faster than ever before. Starting from the first 3G technology, Universal Mobile Telecommunications System (UMTS), also known as Wideband Code Division Multiple Access (WCDMA) to the 3.5G technologies, High Speed Downlink Packet Access (HSDPA), High Speed Uplink Packet Access (HSUPA), and the combined technology HSPA and HSPA+, the wireless data rate through mobile phone networks increase dramatically. Ever since the rollout of HSDPA networks and flat-rate pricing plans, the wireless industry has seen amazing growth in mobile broadband average revenue per user. Since middle 2009, further enhancements of the HSPA technology, defines a new OFDMAbased technology through the Long Term Evolution (LTE) start to ramp in the market. The ability of LTE to support bandwidths up to 20MHz and to have more spectral efficiency by using better modulation methods like QAM-64, is of particular importance as the demand for higher wireless data speeds continues to grow fast. Countries all over the world have released various frequencies bands for the 3G and 4G applications. Table 1 and Table 2 show the band assignment for the UMTS and LTE bands worldwide. Table 1 Band No. UMTS/WCDMA Band Assignment Uplink Frequencies (TX) Downlink Frequencies (RX) 1 1920 - 1980 MHz 2110 - 2170 MHz 2 1850 - 1910 MHz 1930 - 1990 MHz 2 (G) 1850 - 1915 MHz 1930 - 1995 MHz 2 (H) 1850 - 1920 MHz 1930 - 2000 MHz 3 1710 - 1785 MHz 1805 - 1880 MHz 4 1710 - 1755 MHz 2110 - 2155 MHz 5 824 - 849 MHz 869 - 894 MHz 6 830 -840 MHz 875 - 885 MHz 7 2500 - 2570 MHz 2620 - 2690 MHz 8 880 - 915 MHz 925 - 960 MHz Application Note AN2XX, Rev. 1.0 5 / 23 Comment 2013-09-10 BGA711N7 BGA711N7 for LTE Applications Supporting Band 1,4,10 and 2 Introduction Table 2 Band No. LTE Band Assignment Uplink Frequency Range Downlink Frequency Range 1 1920 - 1980 MHz 2110 - 2170 MHz 2 1850 - 1910 MHz 1930 - 1990 MHz 3 1710 - 1785 MHz 1805 - 1880 MHz 4 1710 - 1755 MHz 2110 - 2155 MHz 5 824 - 849 MHz 869 - 894 MHz 6 830 - 840 MHz 875 - 885 MHz 7 2500 - 2570 MHz 2620 - 2690 MHz 8 880 - 915 MHz 925 - 960 MHz 9 1749.9 - 1784.9 MHz 1844.9 - 1879.9 MHz 10 1710 - 1770 MHz 2110 - 2170 MHz 11 1427.9 - 1452.9 MHz 1475.9 - 1500.9 MHz 12 698 - 716 MHz 728 - 746 MHz 13 777 - 787 MHz 746 - 756 MHz 14 788 - 798 MHz 758 - 768 MHz 17 704 - 716 MHz 734 - 746 MHz 18 815 - 830 MHz 860 - 875 MHz 19 830 - 845 MHz 875 - 890 MHz 20 832 - 862 MHz 791 - 821 MHz 21 1447.9 - 1462.9 MHz 1495.9 - 1510.9 MHz 33 1900 -1920 MHz 1900 -1920 MHz 34 2010 - 2025 MHz 2010 - 2025 MHz 35 1850 - 1910 MHz 1850 - 1910 MHz 36 1930 - 1990 MHz 1930 - 1990 MHz 37 1910 - 1930 MHz 1910 - 1930 MHz 38 2570 - 2620 MHz 2570 - 2620 MHz 39 1880 - 1920 MHz 1880 - 1920 MHz 40 2300 - 2400 MHz 2300 - 2400 MHz Comment In order to cover different countries with a unique device, mobile phones and 3G data cards are usually equipped with more than one band. Some typical examples are the triple band combination of band 1, 2 and 5 or quad band combination of band 1, 2, 5 and 8. Since last year, some 700MHz bands are released in the US, so that band combination like 4, 13 and 17 are also well visible in the market. Application Note AN2XX, Rev. 1.0 6 / 23 2013-09-10 BGA711N7 BGA711N7 for LTE Applications Supporting Band 1,4,10 and 2 Introduction 1.2 Applications Figure 1 shows an example of the block diagram of the front-end of a 3G modem. A SPnT switch connects on one side the modem antenna and on the other sides several duplexers for different 3G bands. Every duplexer is connected to the transmitting (TX) and receiving (RX) paths of each band. The external LNA, here for example BGA735N16, is placed on the RX path between the duplex and the bandpass SAW filter. The output of the SAW filter is connected to the receiver input of the transceiver IC. Depending on the number of bands designed in a device, various numbers of LNAs are required in a system. It can be 1-, 2-, 3-, or 4-bands. Recently, even mobile devices with 10 bands are under discussion. CMOS Antenna Switch Module GSM/ EDGE BGSF18A/D … PA Duplexer 3G/3.5G 3G/3.5G Power Detection Diodes BAT15x BAT68x BAT62x BAS70x BPF 3G/3.5G Transceiver GSM/EDGE Front-End UMTS LTE 3G/3.5G/4G LNA Family 1-Band: BGA711L7, BGA751L7, BGA777L7, BGA728L7 BGA713L7 3-Band: BGA735N16, BGA734L16, BGA736L16 4-Band: BGA748N16, BGA747N16, BGA749N16 Figure 1 Example of Application Diagram of a 3-band RF front-end for 3G and 4G systems. Besides low noise amplifiers, Infineon Technologies also offers system designers solutions for high power highly linear antenna switches as well as power detection diodes for power amplifiers. Application Note AN2XX, Rev. 1.0 7 / 23 2013-09-10 BGA711N7 BGA711N7 for LTE Applications Supporting Band 1,4,10 and 2 Introduction 1.3 Infineon LNAs for 3G and 4G Applications With the increasing wireless data speed and with the extended link distance of mobile phones and 3G data cards, the requirements on the sensitivity are much higher. Infineon offers different kind of low noise amplifiers (LNAs) to support the customers for mobile phones and data cards of 3G and 4G to improve their system performance to meet the requirements coming from the networks/service providers. The benefits to use external LNAs in equipment for 3G and 4G applications are: - Flexible design to place the front-end components: due to the size constraint, the modem antenna and the front-end can not be always put close to the transceiver IC. The path loss in front of the integrated LNA on the transceiver IC increases the system noise figure noticeably. An external LNA physically close to the ANT can help to eliminate the path loss and reduce the system noise figure. Therefore the sensitivity can be improved by several dB. - Boost the sensitivity by reducing the system noise figure: external LNA has lower noise figure than the integrated LNA on the transceiver IC. - Bug fix to help the transceiver ICs to fulfill the system requirements. - Increase the dynamic range of the power handling. Infineon Technologies is the leading company with broad product portfolio to offer high performance SiGe:C bipolar transistor LNAs and MMIC LNAs for various wireless applications by using the industrial standard silicon process. - Single-band LNAs like BGA711N7 for high-band (HB, 1700MHz-2300MHz), BGA777N7 for high-band (2300MHz-2700MHz) or BGA751N7 for low-band (LB, 700-1000MHz) are available. BGA713N7 is designed for the special LTE bands 12, 13, 14, 17, 18, 19 and 20 in the US. - Triple-band LNAs BGA734N16, BGA735N16 and BGA736N16 are available to cover the most bands. All of the three triple-band LNAs can support designs covering 2x high-bands and 1x low-band. - Both BGA748N16 and BGA749N16 are quad-band LNAs. BGA748N16 can cover 2x highand 2x low-bands and BGA749N16 can cover 1x high-band and 3x low-bands. All of these quad-bands LNAs can support all designs with 3 to 4 bands. Application Note AN2XX, Rev. 1.0 8 / 23 2013-09-10 BGA711N7 BGA711N7 for LTE Applications Supporting Band 1,4,10 and 2 Introduction The broad product portfolio with highest integration and best features in noise figure, switchable gain level and flexible band selection helps designers of mobile phones and data cards to achieve outstanding performance. Therefore Infineon LNAs are widely used by major mobile phone vendors. Table 3 Infineon Product Portfolio of LNAs for 3G and 4G Applications Frequency Range 700 MHz – 1 GHz 1400MHz – 2200MHz 2100 MHz – 2700 MHz Comment Single-Band LNA BGA711N7 BGA751N7 x x BGA777N7 BGA728L7 x x x BGA713N7 Dual Band LNA x BGA771N16 Triple Band LNA x x BGA734L16 x x x BGA735N16 x x x BGA736N16 Quad-band LNA x x x BGA748N16 x x x BGA749N16 x x x Application Note AN2XX, Rev. 1.0 9 / 23 2013-09-10 BGA711N7 BGA711N7 for LTE Applications Supporting Band 1,4,10 and 2 Infineon LNA BGA711N7 for 3G and Beyond 2 Infineon LNA BGA711N7 for 3G and Beyond This application note focuses on the Infineon’s Single-band LNA BGA711N7 tuned for Band1,4 and10. It presents the performance of BGA711N7 with an external reference resistor of 27 kΩ which enables the device to work with a current of 3.8 mA at single supply voltage of 2.8 V. All the measurements are executed with the standard evaluation board presented at the end of this application note. 2.1 Features of BGA711N7 • High gain and low gain modes • Low noise figure • Tunable supply current with external Rref • Standby mode (< 2 µA typ.) • Output internally matched to 50 Ω. • Inputs pre-matched to 50 Ω. • 2 kV HBM ESD protection • Low external component count • Small leadless TSNP-7-1 package (2.0 x 1.3 x 0.39 mm) • Pb-free (RoHS compliant) device Application Note AN2XX, Rev. 1.0 10 / 23 Figure 2 BGA711N7 in TSNP-7-1 Package 2013-09-10 BGA711N7 BGA711N7 for LTE Applications Supporting Band 1,4,10 and 2 Description 3 Description Figure 3 shows the internal block diagram of BGA711N7 with the topview of the TSNP-7-1 and the pin assignment. Table 4 is the pin assignment of BGA711N7 with the description of their functions accordingly. As shown in the block diagram, BGA711N7 includes the LNA which can be switched to the high-gain and the low-gain mode. The gain switch can be easily done by switching the VGS pin to Vcc (high-gain mode) or 0 V (low-gain mode). Furthermore, the following functions are integrated into BGA711N7: - Smart active biasing circuit: to enable the circuit performance over temperature and supply Voltage variation - Output matching circuits for the standard bands (Band 7 in this case) - Current setting with only one external resistor Rref. - On/off switch of the whole device with one single pin VON (Table 5) - All the digital control pins VEN and VGS are CMOS 2.8V logic compliant - ESD protection circuit all around the device for 2kV HBM The RF input pins of the LNAs are connected directly with the base of the major SiGe:C RF transistors to achieve the best noise figure performance. In addition, the input and the output matching circuits can be tuned to different bands if required. Application Note AN2XX, Rev. 1.0 11 / 23 2013-09-10 BGA711N7 BGA711N7 for LTE Applications Supporting Band 1,4,10 and 2 Figure 3 Table 4 Block diagram and pin assignment of BGA711N7 (topview) Pin Assignment of BGA711N7 Pin No. Symbol Function 1 RFIN LNA input 2 VEN Band select control 3 VGS Gain step control (High Gain / Low Gain Mode) 4 VCC Supply Voltage 5 6 RREF RFOUT Bias current reference resistor LNA output Table 5 Gain Control Truth Table(Vcc=2.8V) Pin control High Gain Low Gain VEN H H L L VGS H L H L Application Note AN2XX, Rev. 1.0 12 / 23 Stand-by 2013-09-10 BGA711N7 BGA711N7 for LTE Applications Supporting Band 1,4,10 and 2 Application Information 4 Application Information 4.1 Schematic of Band 1,4 and 10 Figure 4 Schematics of the application circuit of BGA711N7 for Band 1,4 and 10 Table 6 Bill-of-Materials of Band 1,4 and 10 Symbol Value Unit Size Manufacturer Comment C1 10 pF 0402 Murata GRM15 Input matching / DC block L1 2.0 nH 0402 Murata LQW15A Input matching C2 100 pF 0402 Murata GRM15 DC block C3 10 nF 0402 Murata GRM15 HF to ground RREF 27 kΩ 0402 Various Current settings Q1 BGA711N7 TSNP-7-1 Infineon SiGe MMIC LNA Application Note AN2XX, Rev. 1.0 13 / 23 2013-09-10 BGA711N7 BGA711N7 for LTE Applications Supporting Band 1,4,10 and 2 Typical Measurement Results 5 Typical Measurement Results 5.1 Results of Band 1,4 and 10 Table 7 Electrical Characteristics Band 1,4 and 10 (at room temperature) VGS=0V for low gain mode, VGS=2.8V for high gain mode Parameter Symbol Value Unit Frequency Range Band-1 Freq 2110 - 2170 MHz Frequency Range Band-4 Freq 2110 - 2155 MHz Frequency Range Band-10 Freq 2110 - 2170 MHz DC Supply Voltage Vcc 2.8 V Gain Mode - High Gain Low Gain DC Current Icc 3.6 0.5 mA Gain G 17.2 -8.3 dB Noise Figure NF 1.2 8.3 dB Input Return Loss RLin 11 10 dB Output Return Loss RLout 13 18 dB Reverse Isolation IRev 36.5 8.3 dB Input P1dB IP1dB -7.8 - dBm Output P1dB OP1dB 8.4 - dBm Input IP3 IIP3 -3.5 - dBm F1=2.0995GHz, F2=2.1005GHz Output IP3 OIP3 18.8 -- dBm Power@Input: -30 dBm Δf =1MHz Stability k -- Stability measured upto 8.5 GHz Application Note AN2XX, Rev. 1.0 >1 14 / 23 Comment/Test Condition SMA and PCB losses of 0.1 dB excluded Measured @ 2100 MHz 2013-09-10 BGA711N7 BGA711N7 for LTE Applications Supporting Band 1,4,10 and 2 Typical Measurement Results 6 Measured Graphs Figure 5 Wideband Insertion Power Gain of BGA711N7 with Rref= 27 kΩ Figure 6 Narrowband Insertion Power Gain of BGA711N7 in Band 1,4,10 with Rref= 27 kΩ Application Note AN2XX, Rev. 1.0 15 / 23 2013-09-10 BGA711N7 BGA711N7 for LTE Applications Supporting Band 1,4,10 and 2 Typical Measurement Results Figure 7 Measured Noise Figure of BGA711N7 for High Gain Mode in Band 1,4,10 with Rref= 27 kΩ Figure 8 Reverse Isolation of BGA711N7 in Band 1,4,10 with Rref= 27 kΩ Application Note AN2XX, Rev. 1.0 16 / 23 2013-09-10 BGA711N7 BGA711N7 for LTE Applications Supporting Band 1,4,10 and 2 Typical Measurement Results Figure 9 Input return loss of BGA711N7 in Band 1,4,10 with Rref= 27 kΩ Figure 10 Output return loss of BGA711N7 in Band 1,4,10 with Rref= 27 kΩ Application Note AN2XX, Rev. 1.0 17 / 23 2013-09-10 BGA711N7 BGA711N7 for LTE Applications Supporting Band 1,4,10 and 2 Typical Measurement Results Figure 11 Input 1dB compression point of BGA711N7 in High Gain Mode (2140MHz) with Rref= 27 kΩ Application Note AN2XX, Rev. 1.0 18 / 23 2013-09-10 BGA711N7 BGA711N7 for LTE Applications Supporting Band 1,4,10 and 2 Typical Measurement Results Figure 12 Carrier and intermodulation products of BGA711N7 in High Gain Mode with Rref= 27 kΩ Application Note AN2XX, Rev. 1.0 19 / 23 2013-09-10 BGA711N7 BGA711N7 for LTE Applications Supporting Band 1,4,10 and 2 Typical Measurement Results Figure 13 Stability factors of BGA711N7 for High Gain Mode in Band 1,4,10 with Rref= 27 kΩ Figure 14 Stability factors of BGA711N7 for Low Gain Mode in Band 1,4,10 with Rref= 27 kΩ Application Note AN2XX, Rev. 1.0 20 / 23 2013-09-10 BGA711N7 BGA711N7 for LTE Applications Supporting Band 1,4,10 and 2 Typical Measurement Results 7 Evaluation Board and Layout Information Figure 15 Evaluation board for Band 1,4 and 10 Application circuit Figure 16 PCB Layer Information of BGA711N7 evaluation boards Application Note AN2XX, Rev. 1.0 21 / 23 2013-09-10 BGA711N7 BGA711N7 for LTE Applications Supporting Band 1,4,10 and 2 Authors 8 Authors Edwin Guo, Senior Application Engineer of Business Unit “RF and Protection Devices” Islam Moakhkhrul, Application Engineer of Business Unit “RF and Protection Devices” ---------------------------------------- Application Note AN2XX, Rev. 1.0 22 / 23 2013-09-10 w w w . i n f i n e o n . c o m Published by Infineon Technologies AG AN2XX