Aluminium Electrolytic Capacitors

ARCOTRONICS
Aluminium Electrolytic Capacitors
GENERAL INFORMATION
INTRODUCTION
The aluminum electrolytic capacitors are suitable to be used when a great capacitance value is required in a very small size. The volume of an electrolytic capacitor is more than ten times less than a film
one considering the same rated capacitance and voltage.
The cost per F of an electrolytic capacitor is less when compared with all the other capacitor types.
1- BASIC DESIGN
The construction of an aluminum electrolytic capacitor is the following:
A
O C
+
K
-
Construction scheme
A = ANODE (Al 99.99%)
O = DIELECTRIC Aluminum Oxide
C = ELECTROLYTE + PAPER
K = CATHODE (Al 98%)
The anode (A)
The anode is formed by an aluminum foil of extreme purity. The effective surface area of the foil is greatly enlarged (by a factor of up to 200) by electrochemical etching in order to achieve the maximum
possible capacitance values.
The dielectric (O)
The aluminum foil (A) is covered by a very thin oxidized layer of aluminum oxide (O = Al2 O3). This oxide
is obtained by means of an electrochemical process. The thickness is related to the applied voltage
(forming voltage): 1.2nm/V.
The oxide withstands a high electric field strength and it has a high relative dielectric constant.
Aluminum oxide is therefore well suited as a capacitor dielectric in a polar capacitor.
The Al2O3, has a high insulation resistance for voltages lower than the forming voltage.
The oxide layer constitutes a non-linear voltage-dependent resistance: the current increases more
steeply as the voltage increases.
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GENERAL INFORMATION
The electrolyte-paper-cathode (C,K)
The negative electrode is a liquid electrolyte absorbed in paper. The paper also acts as a spacer
between the positive foil carrying the dielectric layer and the opposite Al-foil (the negative foil) acting
as a contact medium to the electrolyte. The cathode foil serves as a large contact area for passing
current to the operating electrolyte.
The aluminum electrolytic capacitors with a liquid electrolyte are designed as “wet” or “non-solid” capacitors.
Terminations are welded on the foils. The positive foil, the paper and the negative foil are rolled to a
winding.
This winding is impregnated with the electrolyte, encapsulated in an Al-case and sealed with a rubber
disk.
An aluminum electrolytic capacitor constructed in the way described above, inserted in an electrical
circuit, will only operate correctly if the positive pole is connected to the formed Al foil (anode) and the
negative one to the cathode.
If the opposite polarity were to be applied, this would cause an electrolytic process resulting in the
formation of a dielectric layer an the cathode foil: an internal heat generation and gas emission may
destroy the capacitor. In addition, the increase of the thickness of the oxide on the cathode will reduce
its capacitance and thus the overall capacitance of the capacitor.
The electrolytic capacitor above described is a polarized capacitor: it is suitable for D.C. operation
only.
The D.C. voltage may also be a direct voltage with a superimposed alternating voltage.
Bipolar electrolytic capacitors are also available. In this design the anode and the cathode foils are
anodized in the production process and thus have the same capacitance rating.
A direct voltage of either the polarity or an alternating voltage may be applied to a bipolar capacitor.
The size of the bipolar type will be double the polarized one with the same rated capacitance and
voltage.
2 - STANDARDS
The international standard for the aluminum electrolytic capacitors is IEC 384-4.
3 - TECHNICAL TERMS EXPLANATION
Rated capacitance
The rated capacitance is the capacitance value for which the capacitor has been designed and which
is indicated upon it.
Capacitance tolerance
The capacitance tolerance is the range within which the actual capacitance may deviate from the specific rated capacitance.
Rated voltage VR
Maximum operating peak voltage of a non-reversing type wave-form for which the capacitor has been
designed and which is indicated upon it.
Surge voltage VS
A peak voltage induced by a switching or any other disturbance of the system which is allowed for a
limited number of times (as per IEC 384-4).
Forming voltage VF
The voltage applied to the anode foil during the forming process.
It is higher than surge voltage VS.
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Aluminium Electrolytic Capacitors
GENERAL INFORMATION
Superimposed AC, ripple voltage
A superimposed alternating voltage, or ripple voltage, may be applied to aluminum electrolytic capacitors, provided that:
- the sum of the direct voltage and superimposed alternating voltage does not exceed the rated voltage;
- the rated ripple current is not exceeded;
- no polarity reversal will occur.
Voltage
Vac
VR
VS
VDC
time
Ripple current
The ripple current is the rms value of the alternating current that flows through the capacitor as a result
of any ripple voltage.
Rated ripple current
The maximum permissible current allowed at a certain temperature and frequency.
Maximum permissible operating temperature (upper category temperature)
The upper category temperature is the maximum permissible temperature at which the capacitor may
be operated, measured on the can. It is listed in the data sheets for each series.
If the above limit is trespassed the capacitor may fail prematurely.
Minimum permissible operating temperature (lower category temperature)
The minimum category temperature is the minimum permissible temperature at which the capacitor
may be operated, measured on the can.
The conductivity of the electrolyte reduces with decreasing temperature, causing electrolyte resistance, impedance and ESR increasing. For this reason, minimum permissible operating temperature are
specified for aluminum electrolytic capacitors.
Storage temperature
Storage at high temperature (e.g. upper category temperature) will reduce leakage current stability, life
and reliability of electrolytic capacitors. Store capacitors at a temperature of 5 to 35°C and a humidity
75% maximum.
IEC climatic category
In accordance with the IEC 68-1, the climatic category comprises
1 - Lower category temperature: the test temperature for test A (cold) in accordance with IEC 68-2-1.
2 - Upper category temperature: the test temperature for test B (dry heat) in accordance with IEC 68-2-2
3 - Number of days of the duration of the test Ca (damp heat, steady state) according to IEC 68-2-3.
Safety vent
An overpressure device (safety vent) ensuring that the gas can escape when the pressure reaches a
certain value.
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Aluminium Electrolytic Capacitors
GENERAL INFORMATION
4 - ELECTRICAL RATINGS
4.1 - Capacitance (E.S.C.)
ESC
ESL
ESR
Simplified equivalent circuit diagram of an electrolytic capacitor
The capacitive component of the equivalent series circuit (equivalent series capacitance ESC) is determined
by applying an alternate voltage of  0,5V at a frequency of 120 or 100Hz and 20°C (IEC 384-1, 384-4).
Temperature dependence of the capacitance
The capacitance of an electrolytic capacitor depends on the temperature: with decreasing temperature, the viscosity of the electrolyte increases reducing its conductivity.
The capacitance will decrease if the temperature decreases.
Furthermore temperature drifts cause armature dilatation and therefore capacitance changes (up to
20%, depending on the series considered, from 0 to 80°C). This phenomenon is more evident for
electrolytic capacitors than for other types.
Capacitance change vs. temperature
(typical value)
Capacitance change (%)
15
10
5
0
ESG 10µF/350V
-5
ESC 22µF/100V
ESG 22µF/200V
-10
-15
-20
-40
-20
0
20
40
60
80
100
120
Temperature (°C)
Frequency dependence of the capacitance
The effective capacitance value is derived from the impedance curve, as long as the impedance is still
in the range where the capacitance component is dominant.
C=
1
2 f Z
C = Capacitance (F)
f = Frequency (Hz)
Z = Impedance ()
Capacitance change vs. frequency
(typical value)
Capacitance change (%)
0
-10
-20
ESG 10µF/350V
-30
ESG 22µF/200V
ESC 22µF/100V
-40
-50
-60
0.1
1
10
Frequency (kHz)
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Aluminium Electrolytic Capacitors
GENERAL INFORMATION
4.2 - Dissipation factor tg (D.F.)
The dissipation factor tg is the ratio between the active and the reactive power for a sinusoidal waveform
voltage. It can be thought as a measurement of the gap between an actual and an ideal capacitor.
reactive
ideal
�
actual
active
The tg is measured with the same set up as for the series capacitance ESC.
tg =  x ESC x ESR where: ESC = Equivalent Series Capacitance
ESR = Equivalent Series Resistance
Dissipation factor vs. frequency
(typical value)
Dissipation factor (%)
1000
100
ESG 10µF/350V
ESG 22µF/200V
ESC 22µF/100V
10
1
0
0.1
1
10
100
Frequency (kHz)
Dissipation factor vs. temperature
Dissipation factor (%)
(typical value)
22
20
18
16
14
12
10
8
6
4
2
0
ESG 10µF/350V
ESG 22µF/200V
ESC 22µF/100V
-40
-20
0
20
40
60
Temperature (°C)
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80
100
120
ARCOTRONICS
Aluminium Electrolytic Capacitors
GENERAL INFORMATION
4.3 - Self inductance (E.S.L.)
The self inductance or equivalent series inductance results from the terminal configuration and the
internal design of the capacitor (see equivalent series circuit page 5).
4.4 - Equivalent series resistance (E.S.R.)
The equivalent series resistance is the resistive component of the equivalent series circuit. The ESR
value depends on frequency and temperature and is related to the tg by the following equation:
ESR =
tg
2f ESC
ESR
tg
ESC
f
=
=
=
=
Equivalent Series Resistance ()
Dissipation Factor
Equivalent Series Capacitance (F)
Frequency (Hz)
The tolerance limits of the rated capacitance must be taken into account when calculating this value.
ESR change vs. frequency
(typical value)
ESR (Ω )
10
ESG 10µF/350V
ESG 22µF/200V
ESC 22µF/100V
1
0.1
0.1
1
10
100
Frequency (kHz)
ESR change vs. temperature
(typical value)
ESR (Ω )
30.0
20.0
ESG 10µF/350V
ESG 22µF/200V
ESC 22µF/100V
10.0
0.0
-40
-20
0
20
40
60
80
100
120
Temperature(°C)
The resistance of the electrolyte decreases strongly with increasing temperature.
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GENERAL INFORMATION
4.5 - Impedance (Z)
The impedance of an electrolytic capacitor results from here below circuit formed by the following individual equivalent series components:
Re
Co
L
Ce
Co = Aluminum oxide capacitance (surface and thickness of the dielectric)
Re = Resistance of electrolyte and paper mixture (other resistances not depending on the frequency
are not considered: tabs, plates, and so on)
Ce = Electrolyte soaked paper capacitance
L = Inductive reactance of the capacitor winding and terminals.
The impedance of an electrolytic capacitor is not a constant quantity that retains its value under all the
conditions: it changes depending on the frequency and the temperature.
The impedance as a function of frequency (sinusoidal waveform) for a certain temperature can be
represented as follows:
Z [ohm]
1000
100
1/ω
ω Ce
10
B
Re
1
0.1
1/ω
ω Co
0.1
ωL
A
1
C
10
100
1000
10000
F [KHz]
- Capacitive reactance predominates at low frequencies
- With increasing frequency, the capacitive reactance Xc=1/Co decreases until it reaches the order
of magnitude of the electrolyte resistance Re (A)
- At even higher frequencies, the resistance of the electrolyte predominates: Z= Re (A - B)
- When the capacitor’s resonance frequency is reached (0), capacitive and inductive reactance
mutually cancel each other 1/ Ce = L , 0=SQR(1/LCe) (C).
- Above this frequency, the inductive reactance of the winding and its terminals (XL=Z=L) becomes
effective and leads to an increase in impedance.
Generally speaking it can be estimated that Ce  0,01 Co.
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Aluminium Electrolytic Capacitors
GENERAL INFORMATION
The impedance as a function of frequency (sinusoidal waveform) for different temperature values can
be represented as follows (typical values):
Z (ohm)
1000
10 uF/450Vdc
100
-40°C
10
20°C
85°C
1
0.1
0.1
1
10
100
1000
10000
F (KHz)
Re is the most temperature dependant component of electrolytic capacitor equivalent circuit. The
electrolyte resistivity will decrease if the temperature rises.
In order to obtain a low impedance value all over the temperature range, Re must be as little as possible, but too low Re values means a very aggressive electrolyte and then a shorter life of the electrolytic
capacitor at the high temperatures. A compromise must be reached.
4.6 - Leakage current (L.C.)
Due to the aluminum oxide layer that serves as a dielectric, a small current will continue to flow even
after a DC voltage has been applied for long periods. This current is called leakage current.
A high leakage current flows after applying a voltage to the capacitor and then decreases in few
minutes (e.g. after a prolonged storage without any applied voltage). In the course of the continuous
operation, the leakage current will decrease and reach an almost constant value.
After a voltage free storage the oxide layer may deteriorate, especially at high temperature. Since there are
no leakage current to transport oxygen ions to the anode, the oxide layer is not regenerated. The result is
that a higher than normal leakage current will flow when a voltage is applied after prolonged storage.
As the oxide layer is regenerated in use, the leakage current will gradually decrease to its normal level.
The relationship between the leakage current and the voltage applied at constant temperature can be
shown schematically as follows:
I
V
Where:
VS
VF
VR
VF = Forming voltage
If this level is exceeded a large quantity of heat and gas will be generated and the capacitor could be
damaged.
VR = Rated Voltage
This level represents the top of the linear part of the curve.
VS = Surge voltage
It lies between VR and VF: the capacitor can be subjected to VS for short periods only.
In accordance with the IEC 384-4, electrolytic capacitors have to be subjected to a reforming process
before acceptance testing. The purpose of this preconditioning is to ensure that the same initial conditions are maintained when comparing different products.
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Aluminium Electrolytic Capacitors
GENERAL INFORMATION
4.7 - Ripple current (R.C.)
The maximum ripple current value depends on:
- ambient temperature
- surface area of the capacitor (heat dissipation area)
- tg or ESR
- frequency
The capacitor’s life depends on the thermal stress.
Frequency dependence of the ripple current
The ESR and thus the tg depend on the frequency of the applied voltage. It means that the allowed
ripple current is a function of the frequency too.
Temperature dependence of the ripple current
The data sheet specifies the maximum ripple current at the upper category temperature for each capacitor.
4.8 - Expected Life Calculation Chart
Expected Life depends on Operating Temperature according to the following formula:
L = Lo x 2 (To-T)/10
Where:
L: Expected Life
Lo: Load Life at Maximum Permissible Operating Temperature
T: Actual Operating Temperature
To: Maximum Permissible Operating Temperature
This formula is applicable between 40°C and To.
Actual Operating Temperature (C°)
Expected Life Calculation Chart
4.9 - Mounting positions (safety vent)
In operation, electrolytic capacitors will always conduct a leakage current which causes electrolysis.
The oxygen produced by electrolysis will regenerate the dielectric layer but, at the same time, the
hydrogen released may cause the internal pressure of the capacitor to increase.
The overpressure vent (safety vent) ensures that the gas can escape when the pressure reach a certain
value. All the mounting position must allow the safety vent to work properly.
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Aluminium Electrolytic Capacitors
GENERAL INFORMATION
5 - GUIDE AND PRECAUTIONS
The aim of this guide is to minimize the risks of failure due to bad applications and provide some important
information and precautions on the specific peculiarities of the component.
5.1 - Polarity
Electrolytic capacitors for D.C. applications require polarization. Polarity is clearly indicated on the capacitors
and it’s better checked both in circuit design and in mounting. For very short period a limited reverse voltage
less than 1 V is permitted. Exceeding the specified reverse voltage can induce damage, overheating, over
pressure, open or short circuit conditions and the destruction of the capacitor. For this reason the electrolytic
capacitors are equipped (see detailed specifications in any series) with a specific pressure device ”safety
vent” which opens at a given pressure and limits the risk of explosions due to overpressure.
For special purposes, no polarized capacitors, so-called bipolar capacitors, may be provided. This type of
capacitor is used for a circuit where the polarity is occasionally reversed but must not be used for AC voltage
applications.
5.2 - Voltage
Do not apply a DC voltage exceeding the rated voltage (VR). It’s possible to apply the surge voltage (VS)
only for little time. Exceeding the capacitors specified voltage limits may cause premature damage and even
destruction of the capacitor may be the consequence.
5.3 - Temperature range
The capacitors must be used within specified temperature range. In any case the general principle is: the
lower the ambient temperature, the longer the life. According to Arrhenius’ rule, the life time is approximately
halved with each 10°C of the ambient temperature increasing.
5.4 - Ripple current
The sum of D.C. voltage and the maximum amplitude of ripple voltage shall remain within rated voltage (VR)
and 0 V.
The useful life of the capacitors is a function of the r.m.s. ripple current because ripple current induces overheating and over pressure and therefore reduces the life.
For different ripple frequencies, the ripple current must be calculated by correction factors shown for each
product and each frequency. In case of many frequencies, the following calculation shall be done:
IR = �
N
I rms i
1
Fi
�i
2
Where:
IR = ripple current according to the frequency of the rated ripple current.
N = number of significant harmonics.
Irmsi = rms current of the ith harmonic.
Fi = correction factor of the ith harmonic.
5.5 - Charge and discharge
Do not use polarized capacitors in circuit where heavy charge and discharge cycles are frequently repeated. If you use the capacitors in this situation, capacitance could decrease and capacitors could be damaged due to generated heating and internal pressure.
Specified capacitors are designed to meet the requirements of charging and discharging cycles.
5.6 - Storage
Capacitors should be stored at room temperature, normal atmospheric pressure, low humidity, and in manufacturers packaging. We recommended to store the capacitors indoors at a temperature of 5 to 35°C and
humidity less than 75% RH in places free from salt water, toxic gases, ultraviolet rays radiation, etc. If the
capacitors are stored for a long time, oxide layer may deteriorate. As a result, the leakage current could
be higher than the value listed in this catalogue. In this case capacitors must be reformed (see Installing
paragraph page 12). Capacitors stored at the above storing conditions, for max 18 months starting from the
production date, don’t need to be reformed.
5.7 - Self-recharge phenomenon
Even if the aluminium electrolytic capacitors are totally discharged, these components may afterwards develop some voltage without external influence. This phenomenon depending on the capacitor type and its
designed voltage, such self-recharge may result in values (sometimes around 10-15 volt) which could represent some risk: damage semiconductor devices, sparking by-pass terminal and so on.
It is recommended, for instance, to keep the terminal shorter or repeat the discharge before mounting
them.
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Aluminium Electrolytic Capacitors
GENERAL INFORMATION
5.8 - Electrolytes
Ethylene Glycol is used for main solvent and Organic Acids for main solute.
Quaternary ammonium salts are not used.
Nevertheless the following rules should be observed when handling electrolytic capacitors:
ß Any escaping electrolyte should not come into contact with eyes or skin.
ß If electrolyte comes into contact with the skin, wash the affected part immediately with running
water.
If the eyes are affected, rinse them for 10 minutes with plenty of water.
If symptoms persist, seek medical treatment.
ß Avoid breathing in electrolyte vapor or mists. Workplace and other affected areas should be well
ventilated.
ß Clothing that has been contaminated by electrolyte must be changed or rinsed in water.
5.9 - Installing
ß A general principle is that lower use temperatures result in a longer useful life of the capacitor.
For this reason it should be ensured that electrolytic capacitors are placed away from heat
emitting components. Adequate space should be allowed between components for cooling air
circulate, particularly when high ripple current loads are applied. In any case the max category
temperature must not be exceeded.
ß Do not deform the case of capacitors or use capacitors with deformed case.
ß Verify that the connections of the capacitors are able to insert on the board without excessive
mechanical force.
ß For capacitors with screw terminals apply the correct permissible torque.
ß If the capacitors have to be mounted with additional means, the mounting accessories
recommended shall be used.
ß Verify the correct polarization of the capacitor on the board.
ß Verify that the space around pressure relief device is according to the following guideline:
ß
ß
Case diameter
Space around safety vent
 16 mm
 2 mm
 16 to  40 mm
 3 mm
 40 mm
 5 mm
It is recommended that capacitors are always mounted with the safety device uppermost or in
the upper part of the capacitors.
If the capacitors are stored for long time, the leakage current must be verified and, if the leakage
current is superior to the value listed in this catalogue, capacitors must be reformed.
In this case, they can be reformed by application of the rated voltage through a series resistor
approximately 1 k for capacitors with VR 160 V (5W resistor) and 10 k for the other rated
voltages.
In case of capacitors connected in series, a suitable voltage sharing must be used.
In case of balacing resistors, the approximate resistance value can be calculated as:
R=60/C
We recommend anyway to make sure that the voltage across each capacitor does not exceed
its rated voltage.
5.10 - Soldering
In case of small sized of electrolytic capacitors nothing abnormal will occur if dipping is performed at
less than 260°C for less than 10 seconds (for SMD type refer to “SMD reflow soldering conditions”).
5.11 - Cleaning agents
Halogen hydrocarbons may cause serious damage if allowed to come into contact with aluminum
electrolytic capacitors. These solvents may dissolve or decompose the insulating film and reduce the
insulating properties. The capacitor seals may be affected and swell, and the solvents may penetrate
them. This will lead to premature component failure.
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GENERAL INFORMATION
5.12 - Warning and cautions
The electronic components shown in this catalogue are designed and produced mainly for such general purpose electronic equipments as industrial, audio, visual, home appliances, office equipment, and
information processing and communication.
If you wish to use these components in medical or transportation equipment (automotive, train, ships,
aircraft, spacecraft, security systems) or other equipment that requires high safety application, you are
required to confirm application through your own testing.
Regardless of a component’s intended use, if high safety application are required, it is recommended
that you establish a protective or redundant circuit and conduct safety tests.
Regardless of a component’s intended use, it is recommended thar you obtain from Arcotronics the
component’s technical specifications to ensure that the component is suitable for the equipment in
wich it will be installed.
6 - PART NUMBERING SYSTEM
6.1 Part number digits
1 2 3 . 4 5 6 . 7 . 8 9 10 . 11 . 12 13 . 14 . 15
Series
Rated Capacitance
Capacitance tolerance
Rated Voltage
Electrical parameters
Size D x L
Packaging specification
Internal use
6.2 Digits explanation
6.2.1 1st, 2nd, 3rd Digit – (Series)
EDK = General purpose
EDL = Long life
EDE = General purpose
EDH = Long life
EDC = Low impedance
EDY = Low impedance and long life
EDN = General purpose bi-polar
ES5
ESS
ESK
ESE
ESH
ESC
ESX
ESY
ESG
ESW
ESF
ESZ
ESB
ESN
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=
=
=
=
=
=
=
=
=
=
=
=
=
=
Super miniature L= 5 mm
Miniature L= 7 mm
General purpose
General purpose
General purpose
Low impedance
Low impedance
Low impedance
Low impedance and long life
Low impedance and long life
Low impedance and long life
Low impedance and long life
Low leakage current
General purpose bi-polar
2000 h - 85 °C
3000-5000 h - 85 °C
1000 h - 105 °C
2000 h - 105 °C
1000 h - 105 °C
2000 h - 105 °C
1000 h - 85 °C
SMD
SMD
SMD
SMD
SMD
SMD
SMD
1000 h - 105 °C
1000 h - 105 °C
2000 h - 85 °C
1000 h - 105 °C
2000 h - 105 °C
2000-3000 h - 105 °C
2000-5000 h - 105 °C
1000-5000 h - 105 °C
5000 h - 105 °C
3000-6000 h 105°C
3000-10000 h 105°C
8000-10000 h 105°C
1000 h - 105 °C
1000 h - 105 °C
Single - Ended Leaded
Single - Ended Leaded
Single - Ended Leaded
Single - Ended Leaded
Single - Ended Leaded
Single - Ended Leaded
Single - Ended Leaded
Single - Ended Leaded
Single - Ended Leaded
Single - Ended Leaded
Single - Ended Leaded
Single - Ended Leaded
Single - Ended Leaded
Single - Ended Leaded
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ARCOTRONICS
Aluminium Electrolytic Capacitors
GENERAL INFORMATION
ELH
ELS
ELG
ELD
ELX
EHD
EGG
EGD
EGX
=
=
=
=
=
=
=
=
=
General purpose
Self estinguishing
General purpose
Long life
Long life
General purpose
General purpose
Long life
Long life
EPH = Long life 10000 h/85°C
2000 h - 85 °C
2000 h - 85°C
2000 h - 105 °C
3000 h - 105°C
5000 h - 105°C
2000 h - 85 °C
2000 h - 105 °C
3000 h - 105 °C
5000 h - 105 °C
Snap-in
Snap-in
Snap-in
Snap-in
Snap-in
Snap-in (4 pins)
Snap-in (4 pins)
Snap-in (4 pins)
Snap-in (4 pins)
2000 h - 85 °C
Screw Terminal
6.2.2 4th, 5th, 6th Digit – (Rated capacitance)
Rated capacitance is expressed by an exponential code, where the digits 4 and 5 represent the first
two numbers of the rated capacitance value. Digit 6 is the exponent to apply at base 10 for obtain the
capacitance in pF.
0,47 F
1 F
47 F
470 F
470.000 F
1.000.000 F
=
=
=
=
=
=
470.000 pF
1.000.000 pF
47.000.000 pF
470.000.000 pF
470.000.000.000 pF
1.000.000.000.000 pF
47 x 10.000
10 x 100.000
47 x 1.000.000
47 x 10.000.000
47 x 10.000.000.000
10 x 100.000.000.000
474
105
476
477
47K
10L
Special rated capacitance values will managed in accordance with the procedures of “Arcotronics’
Times and Methods Office”.
For instance: 1360 mF = 1Z1
For instance: 1380 mF = 1Z2
6.2.3 7th Digit – (Capacitance tolerance)
J = ±5%
K = ±10%
M = ±20%
I = -5% +10%
X = -10% +30%
Q = -10% +20%
Z = Special capacitance tolerance. When this digit has been chosen, it must be clearly defined.
6.2.4 8th, 9th, 10th Digit – (Rated voltage)
6R3 = 6,3 Vdc
063 = 63 Vdc
100 = 100 Vdc
6.2.5 11th Digit – (Electrical parameters)
This digit outlines the special electric parameter of a special capacitor version.
A = STANDARD
B = Low D.F. (tan)
C = Low E.S.R. (Equivalent Series Resistance)
D = Low Z (Impedance)
E = High ripple current
F = Low leakage current
G = Formed cathode
N = Extended cathode
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450 = 450 Vdc
ARCOTRONICS
Aluminium Electrolytic Capacitors
GENERAL INFORMATION
6.2.6 12 th, 13 th Digit - (Size D x L mm)
SMD
Size
3 x 5.4
4 x 5.4
5 x 5.4
6.3 x 5.4
6.3 x 7.7
8 x 6.2
8 x 10.2
10 x 10.2
Code
9A
9B
9D
9G
9H
9L
9M
9P
Size
12.5 x 13.5
12.5 x 16
16 x 16,5
Code
9R
9S
9T
Single ended, snap-in and screw terminal
Size
3x5
4x5
4x7
5x5
5x7
5 x 11
6x5
6x7
Code
A1
B1
B2
C1
C2
C3
E1
E2
Size
6 x 11
6 x 15
8x5
8x7
8x9
8 x 11
8 x 14
8 x 15
Code
E3
E4
G5
G1
G2
G3
G7
G4
Size
8 x 16
8 x 20
10 x 12
10 x 15
10 x 17
10 x 19
10 x 25
10 x 30
Code
G8
G6
H1
H2
H3
H4
H5
H6
Size
12 x 20
12 x 25
12 x 30
12 x 35
12 x 40
13 x 13
13 x 16
13 x 20
Code
K5
K1
K2
K3
K4
L1
L2
L3
Size
13 x 25
13 x 30
13 x 32
13 x 36
13 x 40
16 x 15
16 x 20
16 x 25
Code
L4
L8
L5
L6
L7
M6
M5
M7
Size
16 x 26
16 x 32
16 x 36
16 x 40
18 x 16
18 x 20
18 x 25
18 x 32
Code
M1
M2
M3
M4
N6
N4
N5
N1
Size
18 x 36
18 x 40
18 x 45
20 x 40
22 x 20
22 x 25
22 x 30
22 x 35
Code
N2
N3
N7
P4
Q7
Q1
Q2
Q3
Size
22 x 40
22 x 45
22 x 50
25 x 20
25 x 25
25 x 30
25 x 35
25 x 40
Code
Q4
Q5
Q6
R7
R1
R2
R3
R4
Size
25 x 45
25 x 50
25 x 60
30 x 20
30 x 25
30 x 30
30 x 35
30 x 40
Code
R5
R6
R9
S7
S1
S2
S3
S4
Size
30 x 45
30 x 50
35 x 25
35 x 30
35 x 35
35 x 40
35 x 45
35 x 50
Code
S5
S6
T1
T2
T3
T4
T5
T6
Size
35 x 51
35 x 60
35 x 79
35 x 105
40 x 40
40 x 51
40 x 60
40 x 81
Code
T7
T8
T9
TA
V9
V7
V8
V1
Size
40 x 96
45 x 100
51 x 60
51 x 79
51 x 105
51 x 118
51 x 143
63 x 79
Code
V2
J5
W1
W2
W3
W4
W5
X5
Size
63 x 105
63 x 115
63 x 130
63 x 143
66 x 105
66 x 140
76 x 105
76 x 130
Code
X1
X4
X2
X3
U3
U4
Y1
Y2
Size
76 x 143
76 x 150
76 x 155
76 x 222
90 x 98
90 x 143
90 x 150
90 x 170
Code
Y3
Y4
Y6
Y5
Z1
Z3
Z4
Z5
Size
90 x 196
90 x 222
90 x 230
Code
Z8
Z6
Z7
09/2006
15
ARCOTRONICS
Aluminium Electrolytic Capacitors
GENERAL INFORMATION
6.2.7 14th Digit – (Packaging)
= Reel
= SMD
Single ended = Loose (standard leads)
Snap-in
= Loose
Screw terminal = Loose (screw housing d=8mm)
X
= Screw terminal = Loose (screw housing d=13mm)
B
= Screw terminal = Loose (screw housing d=17mm)
C
= Screw terminal = Loose (screw housing d=15mm)
Y
= Screw terminal = Loose with hexagonal case
D
= Ammopack - pitch 5 mm for diameters < 10mm
E
= Ammopack - straight leads for diameters 4~18mm
F
= Ammopack - formed leads with pitch 2.5mm for diameters 4~5mm
J
= Reel - pitch 5mm for diameters < 10mm
K
= Reel - straight leads for diameters 4 ~ 16mm
L
= Reel - formed leads with pitch 2.5mm for diameters 4 ~ 5mm
P
= Straight cut leads
Shape A (see page 22)
Special packaging – loose with bee hive cells for
diameter  10mm
Q
= Straight cut and crimped leads
Shape D (see page 22)
Special packaging – loose with bee hive cells for
diameter  10mm
R
= Straight cut leads
Shape A (see page 22)
S
= Cut and formed leads
Shape B (see page 22)
T
= Crimped cut and formed leads
Shape C (see page 22)
U
= Straight cut and crimped leads
Shape D (see page 22)
The leads length must be fixed by the 15th Digit when P or R or S or T or U has been chosen.
A
6.2.8 15th Digit – (INTERNAL USE)
A
= Standard leads length for loose version or flat case for screw terminal type.
S
= Case with stud system mounting without accessory, for screw terminals only.
T
= Case with stud system mounting and with accessory 39522111000, for screw terminals only.
U
= Case with stud system mounting and with accessory 39522111200, for screw terminals only.
V
= Leads length 4.0 ±0.2mm, for snap-in only.
W
= Case with stud system mounting and with accessory 39522112500, for screw terminals only.
X
= Case with stud system mounting and with accessory 39522111500, for screw terminals only.
Y
= Case with stud system mounting and with accessory 39522112000, for screw terminals only.
Z
= Flat case and ring clip, for screw terminals only.
when P or R or S or T or U has been chosen as digit 14th, the digit 15th get the following meanings:
1
2
3
4
5
9
09/2006
=
=
=
=
=
=
Leads length 3.1 ±0.2mm (Shape A, B, C, D)
Leads length 3.3 ±0,2mm (Shape A, B, C, D)
Leads length 3.7 ±0.2mm (Shape A, B, C, D)
Leads length 4.2 ±0.2mm (Shape A, B, C, D)
Leads length 2.6 ±0.2mm (Shape A, B)
Leads length 5.0 ±0.5mm (Shape A, B, C, D)
16
ARCOTRONICS
Aluminium Electrolytic Capacitors
GENERAL INFORMATION
6.2.9 Part number example
ELG
Series (ELG)
Rated Capacitance (150 F)
Capacitance tolerance (± 20%)
Rated Voltage (450 Vdc)
Electrical parameters (STANDARD)
Size D x L (30x30 mm)
Packaging specification (LOOSE)
Internal use
09/2006
17
157
M
450
A
S2
A
A
ARCOTRONICS
Aluminium Electrolytic Capacitors
Packing quantity
SINGLE ENDED
P/N
D
L
SCREW TERMINALS
BULK
TAPED
digits (mm) (mm) Inner box
B1
C1
E1
B2
C2
E2
C3
E3
G1
G3
G4
G6
H1
H2
H4
H5
H6
K5
K1
K2
K3
K4
L3
L4
L8
L7
M5
M7
M2
M3
M4
N4
N5
N1
N2
N3
Q4
4
5
6
4
5
6
5
6
8
8
8
8
10
10
10
10
10
12
12
12
12
12
13
13
13
13
16
16
16
16
16
18
18
18
18
18
22
5
5
5
7
7
7
11
11
7
11
15
20
12
15
19
25
30
20
25
30
35
40
20
25
30
40
20
25
32
36
40
20
25
32
36
40
40
ammopack
reel
LEAD CUTTING
P/N
D
L
Qty/box
Inner box
digits
(mm)
(mm)
pcs
pcs
pcs
pcs
pcs
T7
35
51
75
10000
10000
10000
10000
10000
10000
10000
10000
6000
6000
5000
4000
4000
3000
2400
2400
2000
2000
2000
1600
1000
1000
2000
1600
1200
1000
1000
1000
800
600
600
800
800
500
500
500
300
2500
2000
2000
2500
2000
2000
2000
2000
1000
1000
1000
1000
700
700
700
500
500
500
500
500
500
500
500
500
1500
1300
1100
1500
1300
1100
1300
1100
750
750
750
750
600
600
600
15000
15000
15000
15000
15000
15000
15000
15000
8000
8000
5000
4000
4000
4000
3000
2400
2000
2000
2000
1600
500
500
2000
1600
2400
500
500
500
500
500
500
1000
500
500
500
500
400
T8
35
60
75
T9
35
79
75
TA
35
105
75
500
300
300
SMD
P/N
D
L
digits (mm) (mm)
9B
9D
9G
9H
9L
9M
9P
9R
9S
9T
09/2006
4.0
5.0
6.3
6.3
8.0
8.0
10.0
12.5
12.5
16
5.4
5.4
5.4
7.7
6.2
10.2
10.2
13.5
16.0
16.5
W1
51
60
36
W2
51
79
36
W3
51
105
36
W4
51
118
36
W5
51
143
36
X5
63
79
25
X1
63
105
25
X2
63
130
25
X3
63
143
25
Y1
76
105
16
Y2
76
130
16
Y3
76
143
16
Y5
76
222
16
Z1
90
98
8
Z3
90
143
8
Z6
90
222
8
Z7
90
230
8
SNAP-IN
P/N
D
L
Qty / box
digits
(mm)
(mm)
pcs
Q1
22
25
400
Q2
22
30
400
Q3
22
35
400
Q4
22
40
400
Q5
22
45
400
R1
25
25
200
R2
25
30
200
R3
25
35
200
R4
25
40
200
R5
25
45
200
R6
25
50
200
Qty/reel
Qty/inner
S1
30
25
200
pcs
pcs
S2
30
30
200
20000
10000
10000
10000
10000
4000
4000
800
600
500
S3
30
35
200
S4
30
40
200
S5
30
45
200
S6
30
50
200
T2
35
30
200
T3
35
35
200
T4
35
40
200
T5
35
45
200
T6
35
50
200
2000
1000
1000
1000
1000
500
500
200
150
125
18
ARCOTRONICS
Aluminium Electrolytic Capacitors
Lead taping for automatic insertion machines
SINGLE-ENDED LEAD
Fig.2
+1.0
-1.0
P
P1
t
W0
W
D0
Mounting tape
Adhesive tape
d
L
W1
t
W0
W
P0
p
H
1.0 Max.
H0
H
p
W1
P1
+1.0
-1.0
P
D
L
D
P2
W2
P2
W2
Fig.1
P0
d
D0
Mounting tape
Adhesive tape
Taping straight leads Ø D 4 to Ø D8 mm
14 th digit of P/N = E
Taping pitch 5 mm formed leads
14 th digit of P/N = D
Fig.4
1.0 Max.
H0
H
p
t
W0
W
I
W
W0
t
W1
P1
W1
p
H
P1
+1.0
-1.0
P
D
L
D
P2
W2
+1.0
-1.0
P
W2
P2
L
Fig.3
P0
d
P0
D0
Mounting tape
Adhesive tape
D0
Mounting tape
Adhesive tape
Taping pitch 2.5 mm
14 th digit of P/N = F
Taping straight leads Ø D >8 mm
14 th digit of P/N = E
For dimensions see following page.
09/2006
d
19
ARCOTRONICS
Aluminium Electrolytic Capacitors
Lead taping for automatic insertion machines
Diagram of dimensions for lead taping (Unit = mm)
Dimensions
Tolerance
ØD
+0.5
-0
4
4
Figures
P
±0.05 ±1.0
P0
P1
P2
±0.3
±0.7
±1.3
W
+1.0
-0.5
W0
W1
W2
±0.5
Max
H
H0
I
D0
Max ±0.75
±0.5
Max
t
±0.2 ±0.2
2.5
0.45
12.7
12.7
5.1
6.35
18.0
12.0
11.0
3.0
18.5
16.0
-
4.0
2.5
0.45
12.7
12.7
5.1
6.35
18.0
12.0
11.0
3.0
18.5
16.0
-
4.0
0.7
>7
2.5
0.5
12.7
12.7
5.1
6.35
18.0
12.0
11.0
3.0
18.5
16.0
-
4.0
0.7
5-7
5.0
0.45
12.7
12.7
3.85
6.35
18.0
12.0
11.0
3.0
18.5
16.0
-
4.0
0.7
7
5.0
0.45
12.7
12.7
3.85
6.35
18.0
12.0
11.0
3.0
18.5
16.0
-
4.0
0.7
>7
5.0
0.5
12.7
12.7
3.85
6.35
18.0
12.0
11.0
3.0
18.5
16.0
-
4.0
0.7
7
5.0
0.5
12.7
12.7
3.85
6.35
18.0
12.0
11.0
3.0
18.5
16.0
-
4.0
0.7
>7
5.0
0.5
12.7
12.7
3.85
6.35
18.0
12.0
11.0
3.0
18.5
16.0
-
4.0
0.7
7
5.0
0.5
12.7
12.7
3.85
6.35
18.0
12.0
11.0
3.0
18.5
16.0
-
4.0
0.7
>7
5.0
0.5
12.7
12.7
3.85
6.35
18.0
12.0
11.0
3.0
18.5
16.0
-
4.0
0.7
5-7
1.5
0.45
12.7
12.7
5.6
6.35
18.0
12.0
11.0
3.0
18.5
-
-
4.0
0.7
7
2.0
0.45
12.7
12.7
5.35
6.35
18.0
12.0
11.0
3.0
18.5
-
-
4.0
0.7
>7
2.0
0.5
12.7
12.7
5.35
6.35
18.0
12.0
11.0
3.0
18.5
-
-
4.0
0.7
7
2.5
0.5
12.7
12.7
5.1
6.35
18.0
12.0
11.0
3.0
18.5
-
-
4.0
0.7
>7
2.5
0.5
12.7
12.7
5.1
6.35
18.0
12.0
11.0
3.0
18.5
-
-
4.0
0.7
7
3.5
0.5
12.7
12.7
4.6
6.35
18.0
12.0
11.0
3.0
18.5
-
-
4.0
0.7
>7
3.5
0.5
12.7
12.7
4.6
6.35
18.0
12.0
11.0
3.0
18.5
-
-
4.0
0.7
10
12-25
5.0
0.6
12.7
12.7
3.85
6.35
18.0
12.0
11.0
3.0
18.5
-
1.0
4.0
1
12
15-25
5.0
0.6
15.0
15.0
3.85
7.5
18.0
12.0
11.0
3.0
18.5
-
1.0
4.0
1
15-25
5.0
0.6
15.0
15.0
3.85
7.5
18.0
12.0
11.0
3.0
18.5
-
1.0
4.0
1
15-25
5.0
0.6
15.0
15.0
3.85
7.5
18.0
12.0
11.0
3.0
18.5
-
1.0
4.0
1
16
15-25
7.5
0.8
30.0
30.0
3.75
7.5
18.0
12.0
11.0
3.0
18.5
-
1.0
4.0
1
18
15-25
7.5
0.8
30.0
30.0
3.75
7.5
18.0
12.0
11.0
3.0
18.5
-
1.0
4.0
1
5
6
8
4
5
6
8
3
-0.2
d
7
5
2
p
+0.8
5-7
4
1
L
13
0.7
Ammopack and reel dimensions (Unit = mm)
W
4
5 x 57
6 x 57
8 x 59
5 x 11
6 x 11
8 x 11
8 x 1420
10 x 12
10 x 1519
10 x 2225
12
13
16
230
230
275
235
230
270
235
240
250
256
250
270
285
265
42
42
42
45
48
48
48
57
52
57
60
57
62
62
09/2006
� 30 ± 0.5
A
� 97.2 ± 1.0
Ammopack
Size  DxL
(mm)
+1.0
-0.1
350 ± 2
50 Max
20
ARCOTRONICS
Aluminium Electrolytic Capacitors
Lead taping for automatic insertion machines
SMD
Reel dimensions (Units = mm)
Size ØDxL
4,0 x 5,4
5,0 x 5,4
6,3 x 5,4
6,3 x 7,7
8,0 x 6,2
8,0 x 10,2
10,0 x 10,2
12,5 x 13,5
12,5 x 16,0
16,0 x 16,5
A ±0,2 B MIN. C ±0,5
380
50
13
380
50
13
380
50
13
380
50
13
380
50
13
380
50
13
380
50
13
380
80
13
380
80
13
380
80
13
D ±0,8 E ±0,5
21
2,0
21
2,0
21
2,0
21
2,0
21
2,0
21
2,0
21
2,0
23
2,5
23
2,5
23
2,5
W ±1,0
14
14
18
18
18
26
26
34
34
46
T ±1,0
20
20
24
24
24
32
32
40
40
52
A
t
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
T
E
W
Taping dimensions (Units = mm)
Size ØDxL
W
A
B
4,0 x 5,4
5,0 x 5,4
6,3 x 5,4
6,3 x 7,7
8,0 x 6,2
8,0 x 10,2
10,0 x 10,2
12,5 x 13,5
12,5 x 16,0
16,0 x 16,5
12
12
16
16
16
24
24
32
32
44
4,7
5,7
7,0
7,0
8,7
8,7
10,7
13,4
13,4
17,5
4,7
5,7
7,0
7,0
8,7
8,7
10,7
13,4
13,4
17,5
P0 ±0,1 P1 ±0,1
4,0
4,0
4,0
4,0
4,0
4,0
4,0
4,0
4,0
4,0
P2 ±0,1
F
D0 +0,1
E
t1
t2
2,0
2,0
2,0
2,0
2,0
2,0
2,0
2,0
2,0
2,0
5,5
5,5
7,5
7,5
7,5
11,5
11,5
14,2
14,2
20,2
1,5
1,5
1,5
1,5
1,5
1,5
1,5
1,5
1,5
1,5
1,75
1,75
1,75
1,75
1,75
1,75
1,75
1,75
1,75
1,75
0,4
0,4
0,4
0,4
0,4
0,4
0,4
0,5
0,5
0,5
5,8
5,8
5,8
5,8
6,8
11,0
11,0
14,0
17,5
17,5
8,0
12,0
12,0
12,0
12,0
16,0
16,0
24,0
24,0
28,0
Feeding hole
Chip pocket
Ø D0
P2
P0
E
t1
B
W
F
A
t2
P1
Tape running direction
Chip component
09/2006
21
t
ARCOTRONICS
Aluminium Electrolytic Capacitors
Radial leads cutting, forming and crimping
Cutting forming and crimping methods
Shape (A)
Shape (B)
d
p
�D
�D
p
d
2.5 max.
H
H
14 th digit of P/N = R
14 th digit of P/N = S
Shape (C)
Shape (D)
� 5-6 = 1.1
� 8 = 1.3
�D
H2
d
Ø 10-13 = 1.3
Ø 16-22 = 1.5
d
p
p
�D
2.5 max.
H2
H1
H1
14 th digit of P/N = T
14 th digit of P/N = U
Stand off rubber available upon request for loose and taped versions
(Unit=mm)
Shape
A
B
C
D
09/2006
Cutting forming and crimping methods
ØD
p ±0.5
Ø5
2.0
Ø 6.3
2.5
Ø8
3.5
Ø 10
5.0
Ø 12, 13
5.0
Ø 16
7.5
Ø 18
7.5
Ø 22
10.0
Leads cut only
H ±0.5
5.0
5.0
5.0
5.0
5.0
5.0
5.0
5.0
d ±0.05
0.5
0.5
0.5
0.6
0.6
0.8
0.8
0.8
p ±0.5
5.0
5.0
5.0
H ±0.5
5.0
5.0
5.0
d ±0.05
0.5
0.5
0.5
p ±0.5
5.0
5.0
7.5
7.5
10.0
Leads cut and formed
Leads cut, crimped and formed
Leads cut and crimped
p ±0.5
5.0
5.0
5.0
H1 ±0.5
5.0
5.0
5.0
H2 ±0.1
2.5
2.5
2.5
d ±0.05
0.5
0.5
0.5
H1 ±0.5
5.0
5.0
5.0
5.0
5.0
H2 ±0.1
2.5
2.5
2.5
2.5
2.5
d ±0.05
0.6
0.6
0.8
0.8
0.8
22
ARCOTRONICS
Aluminium Electrolytic Capacitors
SMD - Designed for surface mount technology
Marking
Note that 6.3V rated voltage shall be marked as 6V, but 6.3V shall be assured.
CAPACITANCE
(�F)
RATED VOLTAGE
(Vdc)
SERIES
IDENTIFICATION
NEGATIVE POLARITY:
BLACK ROW
No marking for the
bi-polar series (EDN)
100
X
50
DATE CODE
(YMM)
201
Test method and performance
Load life test
Shelf life test
Test conditions
Voltage:
Temperature:
Test duration:
Test conditions
Voltage:
Temperature:
Test duration:
max rated voltage
max operating temperature
hours specified in Endurance test
Performance
The following specifications will be satisfied when the capacitors are restored at 20°C
Capacitance change:
within 20% of initial value
Dissipation Factor:
not exceed 200% of the initial requirement
Leakage Current:
not exceed initial requirement
Reflow soldering
Test conditions
Temperature:
Test duration:
as in Reflow soldering conditions
as in Reflow soldering conditions
Performance
The following specifications will be satisfied when the capacitors are restored at 20°C
Capacitance change:
within 10% of initial value
Dissipation Factor:
not exceed initial requirement
Leakage Current:
not exceed initial requirement
09/2006
23
no voltage applied
max operating temperature
1000 hours.
ARCOTRONICS
Aluminium Electrolytic Capacitors
SMD - Designed for surface mount technology
Recommended land size
c
Size ØDxL
4,0 x 5,4
5,0 x 5,4
6,3 x 5,4
6,3 x 7,7
8,0 x 6,2
8,0 x 10,2
10,0 x 10,2
12,5 x 13,5
12,5 x 16,0
16,0 x 16,5
b
a
b
A
1,0
1,5
1,8
1,8
2,2
3,1
4,6
7,0
7,0
9,5
B
2,5
2,8
3,2
3,2
4,0
4,0
4,1
7,5
7,5
8,5
C
1,6
1,6
1,6
1,6
1,6
2,0
2,0
4,0
4,0
6,0
Reflow soldering condition
For reflow use a thermal conduction system such as infrared radiation or hot blast. Vapor heat transfer systems are not recommended.
Reflow should be performed once and not exceed the following limits (temperature, time, etc . . .)
LEAD FREE TYPE REFLOW SOLDERING CONDITION
Reflow soldering profile
Reflow soldering condition
for Ø 4 to 6.3 from 63 to 100 V and Ø 8 to 16 from 4 to 450V
Reflow soldering condition for Ø 4 to 6.3 up 50V
Statements of suitability for certain applications are based on our knowledge of typical operating conditions for such applications, but are not intended to constitute –
and we specifically disclaim – any warranty concerning suitability for a specific customer application or use. This Information is intended for use only by customers who
have the requisite experience and capability to determine the correct products for their application. Any technical advice inferred from this Information or otherwise
provided by us with reference to the use of our products is given gratis, and we assume no obligation or liability for the advice given or results obtained.
09/2006
24