PFCU390HPx07 Power Factor Correction Half-brick Power Factor Correction Module 85-264Vrms* 45 - 65Hz / 360 - 800Hz Input Voltage Input Frequency 390Vdc Up to 700W SRS-G MODULE 0HPC07 N PFCU39 CTOR CORRECTIO W FA POWER Vrms 390Vdc 700 100-240 60 - 800Hz CODE 1WX10 Hz, 3 7 CAGE 45 - 6545 8680 S/N S1 Control Features Operational Features • • • • • • • • • Universal input voltage range: 85-264Vrms Universal input frequency range: 45 - 65Hz / 360 - 800Hz Up to 700W output power ≥0.99 Power Factor High efficiency: >96% (230Vrms) >94% (115Vrms) Internal inrush current limit Auxiliary 10V bias supply Can be paralleled with current sharing Compatible with SynQor DC-DC converters & AC line filters • • • • Industry standard Half-brick Size: 2.4” x 2.5” x 0.51” (60.6 x 63.1 x 13mm) Total weight: 4.9 oz (139 g) Flanged baseplate version available (With SynQor AC Line Filter) • EN55011 and EN55022, FCC • EN61000-3-2 • EN61000-3-3 • EN61000-4-4/5/6/11 CONTENTS Input/Output to baseplate isolation 2150Vdc UL 60950-1:2007 CAN/CSA-C22.2 No. 60950-1:2007 EN60950-1/A12:2011 CE Marked Page No. * The label shows a narrower input voltage range to be consisitent with labeling requirements of IEC60950-1, Section 1.7 Product # PFCU390HPx07 Phone 1-888-567-9596 Input current limit and auto-recovery short circuit protection Auto-recovery input under/over-voltage protection Auto-recovery output over-voltage protection Auto-recovery thermal shutdown Compliance Features Safety Features • • • • • PFC Enable Load Enable (also: Power Out Good signal) AC Power Good Signal Clock synchronization Output current monitor / Active current sharing Protection Features Mechanical Features • • • • Up to 96% Output Voltage Output Power Power Factor Full Load Efficiency The PFCQor Power Factor Correction module is an essential building block of an AC-DC power supply. Used in conjunction with a hold-up capacitor, SynQor’s high efficiency DC-DC converters and SynQor’s AC line filter, the PFCQor will draw a nearly perfect sinusoidal current (PF>0.99) from a single phase AC input. The PFCQor is capable of being paralleled for higher power levels. The module is supplied completely encased to provide protection from the harsh environments seen in many industrial and transportation environments. • • • • • ≥0.99 Typical Application of the PFC Module . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2 Technical Specification . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3 Standards & Qualification Testing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7 Encased Mechanical . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16 Encased Mechanical with Flange . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17 Ordering Information . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18 www.synqor.com Doc.# 005-0006254 Rev. D05/13/2014 Page 1 PFCU390HPx07 Power Factor Correction Half-brick Technical Specification Typical Application of the PFC Module F2 F1 L1IN SynQor AC Line Filter MOV1 L1 L1OUT +Vout CLK Sync SynQor PFC Module TVS1 IMON GND L2/NIN AC Good L2/NOUT +Vout ON/ OFF +Sense SynQor DC-DC Converter Trim CHold-Up Load ENA PFC ENA +VIN AUX L2/N -Sense -Vout -Vout -VIN CY1 ENABLE F3 ● ● ● +Vout +VIN F1: MOV1, TVS1: 10A / 250V Fuse Must prevent peak voltage from exceeding 575V during all transients. F2, F3 : Use fuse recommended in converter specification CHold-Up: 100 - 1,000 µF (Dependent on Power Level and Line Frequency) CY1-Y4: See “EMI Considerations” in application notes ON/ OFF +Sense SynQor DC-DC Converter Trim -Sense -VIN Suggested Parts: 250VAC, 10A; Littelfuse 0216010.MXEP F1: -Vout CY3 MOV1: 300VAC, 60J; EPCOS S10K300E2 TVS1: 400V, 3J; Use two VISHAY 1.5KE200CA devices connected in series CHold-Up: 450V, 390uF; United Chemi-Con ELXS451VSN391MR50S CY2 CY1, CY3: 3.3nF, 500VAC; Vishay VY1332M59Y5UQ6TV0 CY2, CY4: 10nF, 300VAC; Vishay VY2103M63Y5US63V7 CY4 Isolated AC Good Figure A: Typical Application of the PFCQor module to create a multiple-ouput AC-DC Power Supply Product # PFCU390HPx07 Phone 1-888-567-9596 www.synqor.com Doc.# 005-0006254 Rev. D05/13/2014 Page 2 PFCU390HPx07 Input:100-240Vrms Output:390Vdc Power:Up to 700W Technical Specification PFCU390HPx07 Electrical Characteristics Operating conditions of 115Vrms, 60Hz input, 700W output, 390uF bulk capacitance, and baseplate temperature = 25°C unless otherwise noted; full operating baseplate temperature range is -40 °C to +100 °C with appropriate power derating. Specifications subject to change without notice. Parameter Min. Typ. Max. Units Notes ABSOLUTE MAXIMUM RATINGS Input Voltage (L1 to L2/N) Operating Continuous -40 -45 -0.3 0 -2 -2 264 375 290 410 400 575 2150 100 125 16 10 575 5.5 Vrms Vpk Vrms Vpk Vrms Vpk Vdc °C °C V mADC V V 85 264 Vrms 85 290 Vrms Transient (≤2s ) Non-Operating Isolation Voltage (Input / Output to Baseplate) Operating Temperature Storage Temperature Voltage at AC GOOD and LOAD ENA pins Current drawn from AUX pin Voltage at PFC enable pin Voltage at CLK SYNC In INPUT CHARACTERISTICS (L1 to L2/N) Operating Input Voltage Range AC Input Continuous AC Input 100ms Transient Input Under-Voltage Lockout Operating Input Frequency 50/60Hz 400Hz Power Factor of AC Input Current 30 45 360 65 800 Relative to Vout- pin Relative to Vout- pin Relative to Vout- pin Available output power reduced when <85 Vrms >1s Duration Hz Hz 0.99 0.97 Total Harmonic Distortion of AC Input Current Inrush of AC Input Current Enabled AC Input Current (no load) Disabled AC Input Current Maximum Input Power Maximum Input Current OUTPUT CHARACTERISTICS Output Voltage Set Point Output Voltage Regulation Over Line Over Load Over Temperature Total Output Voltage Range: Input Voltage within Continuous Range Input Voltage within Transient Range Input Voltage Brownout/Dropout Output Voltage Ripple and Noise Peak-to-Peak RMS Operating Output Current Range Output Over-Voltage Shutdown Threshold Output (Hold-up) Capacitance Vrms Baseplate temperature 50/60Hz 400Hz, min 400W output 8 10 25 100 20 750 8 % A A mArms mArms W Arms 395 Vdc Vin <240 Vrms, see figure 10 ±0.3 ±2 ±1.5 % % % Vin <240 Vrms, see figure 10 380 365 200 395 430 395 Vdc V V Vin <240 Vrms, see figure 10 0 420 100 10 4 1.8 460 1,000 V V A V µF 385 390 230V, 400Hz Vin >85Vrms 85 VAC in See application section 60Hz, see Note 1 Dependent on Hold-up capacitor See Note 2 Note 1: 300 µF electrolytic hold-up capacitor having a typical ESR of 0.5Ω. More capacitance/Lower ESR will reduce the line frequency ripple. Note 2: The PFCQor is able to operate with a minimum of 100uF of hold-up capacitance, but Synqor recommends at least 330uF if the power system will be required to conform to lightning surge standards. This is because the PFCQor relies on the hold-up capacitor to absorb the energy from a lightning surge. Product # PFCU390HPx07 Phone 1-888-567-9596 www.synqor.com Doc.# 005-0006254 Rev. D05/13/2014 Page 3 Technical Specification PFCU390HPx07 Input:100-240Vrms Output:390Vdc Power:Up to 700W PFCU390HPx07 Electrical Characteristics (continued) Operating conditions of 115Vrms, 60Hz input, 700W output, 390uF bulk capacitance, and baseplate temperature = 25°C unless otherwise noted; full operating baseplate temperature range is -40 °C to +100 °C with appropriate power derating. Specifications subject to change without notice. Parameter Min. Typ. Max. Units Notes DYNAMIC CHARACTERISTICS Turn-On Transient Start-up Inhibit Time 10 Turn-On Time 2 Output Voltage Overshoot ISOLATION CHARACTERISTICS (Input/output to baseplate) Isolation Voltage Isolation Resistance 100 Isolation Capacitance 100 TEMPERATURE LIMITS FOR POWER DERATING CURVES Semiconductor Junction Temperature Board Temperature Transformer Temperature Maximum Baseplate Temperature, Tb FEATURE CHARACTERISTICS Output Precharge Output Current 100 Output Short-Circuit Withstand Free Running Switching Frequency 200 Clock Synchronization Input (CLK SYNC) Frequency Range 150 Logic Level High 2 Logic Level Low Duty Cycle 20 PFC Enable (PFC ENA) Off-State Voltage 2 On-State Voltage Internal Pull-Up Voltage 5 Internal Pull-Up Resistance 10 AC Good (AC GOOD) AC Input Voltage for AC Good 119 AC Good State 0 AC Not Good State Maximum Sink Current Load Enable (also: Output Power Good) (LOAD ENA) Enable (Good) State 0 Disable (Not Good) State Maximum Sink Current Output Voltage for Load Enable (Good) State Rising / Startup 360 Falling / Shutdown 200 Over-Temperature Trip Point 130 Auxiliary Bias Supply Voltage Range (≤3 mA Load) 7 Maximum Source Current Equivalent Series Resistance 1 RELIABILITY CHARACTERISTICS Calculated MTBF (Telcordia) TR-NWT-000332 2.5 Calculated MTBF (MIL-217) MIL-HDBK-217F 2 Field Demonstrated MTBF Product # PFCU390HPx07 Phone 1-888-567-9596 ms s % 0 2150 V MΩ pF 125 125 125 100 °C °C °C °C indefinite mA s kHz www.synqor.com 250 0.8 80 Each of 4 interleaved phases kHz V V V 0.8 Vpk kΩ 375 0.4 15 300 Vpk V V mA 0.4 15 300 V V mA V V °C 11 10 Open Collector Open Collector At internal PCB V mA DC kΩ 106 Hrs. 106 Hrs. 106 Hrs. Tb = 70°C Tb = 70°C See our website for details Doc.# 005-0006254 Rev. D05/13/2014 Page 4 Technical Specification 100 60 95 50 Power Dissipation (W) Efficiency (%) 90 85 80 75 115 Vin 40 30 20 115 Vin 10 230 Vin 70 90 Vin 65 0 100 200 300 400 500 600 PFCU390HPx07 Input:100-240Vrms Output:390Vdc Power:Up to 700W 230 Vin 90 Vin 0 0 700 100 200 300 400 500 600 700 Output Power (W) Output Power (W) Figure 1: Efficiency at nominal output voltage vs. load power for 90Vrms, 115Vrms and 230Vrms (60Hz) input voltage at Tb = 25°C. Figure 2: Power dissipation at nominal output voltage vs. load power for 90Vrms, 115Vrms and 230Vrms (60Hz) input voltage at Tb = 25°C. Figure 3: Typical Input Voltage and Current waveforms at fullrated power (115Vrms, 60Hz) Yellow: Vin (100V/div), Green: Iin (5A/div), Timebase: (5ms/div). Figure 4: Typical Input Voltage and Current waveforms at full rated power (115Vrms, 400Hz). Yellow: Vin (100V/div), Green: Iin (5A/div), Timebase: (1ms/div). 3 2.5 Amplitude (% of fundamental current) Amplitude (% of fundamental current) 3 PFCQor EN 61000-3-2* MIL-1399 2 MIL-461 CE101 1.5 1 0.5 0 PFCQor 2.5 EN 61000-3-2* MIL-1399 2 MIL-461 CE101 1.5 1 0.5 0 1 3 5 7 9 11 13 15 17 19 21 23 25 27 29 31 33 35 37 39 41 43 45 47 49 1 Overtone # 3 5 7 9 11 13 15 17 19 21 23 25 27 29 31 33 35 37 39 41 43 45 47 49 Overtone # Figure 5: Frequency spectrum of input current at full rated power (115Vrms, 60Hz). Figure 6: Frequency spectrum of input current at full rated power (230Vrms, 60Hz). *Only odd harmonic limits are shown for EN 61000-3-2. The PFCQor does meet all EN 61000-3-2 even harmonic limits. Product # PFCU390HPx07 Phone 1-888-567-9596 www.synqor.com Doc.# 005-0006254 Rev. D05/13/2014 Page 5 Technical Specification Figure 7: Output voltage with 500μF Hold-up capacitor at full rated power (115VAC, 60Hz) Red: Vout (5V/div), Timebase: (5ms/div) Figure 8: Output voltage startup waveform (115VAC, 60Hz) Red: (100V/div), Timebase: (500ms/div) 435 800 430 700 425 600 420 Output Voltage (V) Power Output (W) PFCU390HPx07 Input:100-240Vrms Output:390Vdc Power:Up to 700W 500 400 85 Vac 100 Vac 300 115 Vac 200 Max 415 Typical 410 Min 405 400 395 390 >180 Vac 385 100 380 0 0 20 40 60 80 100 375 120 85 Base Plate Temperature (ºC) Phone 1-888-567-9596 135 160 185 210 235 260 285 Input Voltage (Vrms) Figure 9: Output power vs. baseplate temperature derating curve Product # PFCU390HPx07 110 Figure 10: DC output voltage range vs. input voltage www.synqor.com Doc.# 005-0006254 Rev. D05/13/2014 Page 6 PFCU390HPx07 Power Factor Correction Half-brick Standards & Qualification Testing Standards Compliance, Qualification Testing & EMC Characteristics Parameter Notes & Conditions STANDARDS COMPLIANCE UL 60950-1:2007 CAN/CSA-C22.2 No. 60950-1:2007 EN60950-1/A12:2011 CE Marked Basic Insulation to Baseplate Note: An external input fuse must always be used to meet these safety requirements. Contact SynQor for official safety certificates on new releases or download from the SynQor website. Parameter # Units Notes & Conditions QUALIFICATION TESTING Life Test 32 95% rated Vin and load, units at derating point, 1000 hours Vibration Mechanical Shock 5 5 10-55 Hz sweep, 0.060” total excursion, 1 min./sweep, 120 sweeps for 3 axis 100g minimum, 2 drops in x, y, and z axis Temperature Cycling Power/Thermal Cycling Design Marginality 10 5 -40 °C to 100 °C, unit temp. ramp 15 °C/min., 500 cycles Toperating = min to max, Vin = min to max, full load, 100 cycles 5 Tmin-10 °C to Tmax+10 °C, 5 °C steps, Vin = min to max, 0-105% load Humidity Solderability Altitude 5 15 pins 2 85 °C, 95% RH, 1000 hours, continuous Vin applied except 5 min/day MIL-STD-883, method 2003 70,000 (21km), see Note Note: An external input fuse must always be used to meet these safety requirements. Contact SynQor for official safety certificates on new releases or download from the SynQor website. EMC CHARACTERISTICS (With SynQor AC Line Filter) Conducted emissions EN55011 and EN55022, FCC PART 15 Line frequency harmonics Voltage fluctuations EN61000-3-2 EN61000-3-3 ESD air Radiated immunity Fast transients EN61000-4-2 EN61000-4-3 Line surge immunity Conducted immunity Power freq. mag. field Voltage dip immunity EN61000-4-5 EN61000-4-6 EN61000-4-8 EN61000-4-11 Product # PFCU390HPx07 EN61000-4-4 Phone 1-888-567-9596 www.synqor.com Doc.# 005-0006254 Rev. D05/13/2014 Page 7 PFCU390HPx07 Power Factor Correction Half-brick Application Section Basic Operation and Features The PFCQor power factor correction module is an essential building block of an overall high power AC-DC power supply. As shown in Fig. A, a typical power supply would be comprised of a SynQor AC Line Filter, a SynQor PFCQor module, an energy storage hold-up capacitor and one or more SynQor DC-DC converters, depending on how many output voltages are required. Fuses are needed in various places to meet safety requirements. The primary purpose of the PFCQor is to shape the input current that is drawn from a single-phase sinusoidal AC source into a nearly perfect sinusoidal waveform so that the AC-DC power supply will present a very high power factor load (PF > 0.99) to this source. In doing this wave-shaping, the PFCQor ensures that the harmonic components of the AC current waveform are well below the levels called for in EN61000-3-2. The total harmonic distortion of the AC current waveform is typically less than 10%. Figures B-1 and B-2 show what the typical input current of an AC-DC power supply looks like with and without power factor correction. The PFCQor accomplishes its wave-shaping task by first rectifying the filtered AC source voltage, and then processing the input power through a non-isolated, high-efficiency, high-frequency “boost converter” that both gives the input AC current its sinusoidal shape and provides a regulated DC voltage across the hold-up capacitor. The hold-up capacitor handles the cyclic imbalance between the flow of energy drawn from the AC source and the flow of energy delivered to the DC-DC converters. This energy imbalance has a cyclic frequency twice that of the AC source voltage (e.g. 120Hz for a 60Hz input). This relatively low frequency makes the hold-up capacitor relatively large. Another purpose of the hold-up capacitor is to be a source of energy so that the DC-DC converters can continue to deliver load power during a temporary brownout or dropout of the AC source. A typical power supply will have sufficient hold-up capacitor to give a “hold-up time” in the 20ms range, but longer times can be achieved with yet more hold-up capacitance. Besides shaping the AC current waveform, the PFCQor performs several other important functions. At start-up it controls the level of inrush current drawn from the AC source to charge the hold-up capacitor. It limits the DC current that can be drawn from its output and it will shut-down if a short circuit appears across the output. It will also shut-down if the AC input voltage is out of its range (either too high or too low) for too long, or if the temperature of the module is too high. Product # PFCU390HPx07 Phone 1-888-567-9596 In addition, the PFCQor has several input and output control signals that include PFC ENABLE, LOAD ENABLE (which doubles as a POWER OUT GOOD signal), AC GOOD, CLOCK SYNCHRONIZATION, and OUTPUT CURRENT MONITOR. All of these signals are described in more detail below. There is also an auxiliary bias supply that can be used to power a low power control circuit at the output of the PFCQor. StartUp Sequence When the AC source voltage is first applied, regardless of whether the PFCQor is enabled or disabled through its PFC ENABLE pin, the PFCQor will pre-charge the output hold-up capacitor with a current limited to approximately 100mA. This pre-charging continues until the output voltage is within approximately 10V of the peak voltage of the AC source. If, at this time, the PFC ENABLE input is logically high, and the PFCQor is therefore disabled, the PFCQor will remain in this pre-charged state indefinitely. NOTE: During both this pre-charging time and for whatever time afterwards that the PFCQor remains disabled it is essential that all the load converters connected to the output of the PFCQor be disabled so that the total load current seen by the PFCQor is only a small fraction of the 100mA charging current. To help facilitate this requirement, the PFCQor’s LOAD ENABLE output can be used to disable the load converters. When the PFC ENABLE input pin is pulled low, and after the pre-charging is completed if it is not already, the boost converter within the PFCQor will start operating and the PFCQor’s output voltage will be increased to its nominal regulated value. After this regulated voltage level is achieved, the PFCQor will provide a logical low signal on its LOAD ENABLE output pin. This signal should be used to enable the load converters so that they can begin to draw power from the PFCQor. If the PFC ENABLE input is de-asserted (pulled high or allowed to float), the boost converter in the PFCQor will shut down and the LOAD ENABLE output pin will return to a logic high. This will then disable the load converters. NOTE: The voltage across the hold-up capacitor will remain in a charged state after the PFCQor is disabled as long as the AC source voltage is present. www.synqor.com Doc.# 005-0006254 Rev. D05/13/2014 Page 8 PFCU390HPx07 Power Factor Correction Half-brick Application Section Brownout/Dropout Sequence If the AC source voltage falls below the PFCQor’s specified continuous minimum input voltage, the AC GOOD output will de-assert (it will become a logic high), although the PFCQor will continue to operate as described below. This AC GOOD output signal can be used as a warning signal to permit a graceful shutdown of the load after some period of time that depends on the size of the hold-up capacitor. If the AC source voltage is present but it is below its continuous minimum input voltage limit, the PFCQor will still draw whatever power it can (within its current limits) from the AC source. This power may not be enough for the total load power, in which case the hold-up capacitor will provide the balance of the power. The voltage across the hold-up capacitor will therefore drop as it discharges. If the AC source voltage drops below its specified transient minimum input voltage limit, the PFCQor’s boost converter will shut down and no longer deliver power to the output. Under this condition, all of the load power will be drawn from the hold-up capacitor. If and when the voltage across the hold-up capacitor drops below its specified minimum limit, the LOAD ENABLE output will be de-asserted to a logic high. Besides disabling the load converters, this condition will cause the PFCQor to return to the beginning of the STARTUP SEQUENCE described above. NOTE: Regardless of what happens to the PFCQor’s output voltage under a brownout or dropout condition, if the AC source voltage drops below its rated under-voltage value for 1 second or more, the PFCQor will shut down. If, however, the voltage across the hold-up capacitor does not drop below its specified minimum limit before the AC source voltage returns to within its continuous operating range (and it hasn’t been absent for more than 1 second), the PFCQor will automatically re-establish its power flow. The hold-up capacitor will be recharged immediately to the peak of the AC source voltage (if it has fallen below this value) and to its nominal regulated voltage level within a few cycles of the AC source waveform. NOTE: During the first phase where the hold-up capacitor is recharged (if it this phase exists) there will be an inrush current drawn from the AC source that depends on the details of how quickly the AC source voltage returns to its normal operating condition. When the AC source voltage as been within the PFCQor’s specified continuous operating range for at least one cycle of the source waveform, the AC GOOD output will again be asserted low. Product # PFCU390HPx07 Phone 1-888-567-9596 Control Features Auxiliary Bias Power Supply (Pin 6): The circuit shown below is an effective model for the AUX bias power supply: PFC Module 800V 1k AUX +10V VOUT- • The purpose of the AUX power supply is to provide a low level of power to control circuitry at the output of the PFCQor, such as the circuits shown earlier in this section. • The AUX power supply is present and regulated whenever the PFCQor’s output voltage is greater than approximately 75V. The AUX bias power supply is unspecified when PFCQor’s output voltage is less than about 75V (it may, for instance, come and go as the output voltage rises on its way to 75V ). PFC ENABLE (Pin 3): The PFCQor uses the following circuit for this input logic signal: +5V PFC Module 10k 50k PFC ENA 800V VOUT- 100k 1000p • If this input is floating or tied high the PFCQor’s boost converter is disabled and the LOAD ENABLE output signal is de-asserted high. • If this input is pulled low the PFCQor’s boost is enabled after the pre-charger has charged the voltage across the hold-up capacitor to within approximately 10 volts of the peak of the AC source voltage. www.synqor.com Doc.# 005-0006254 Rev. D05/13/2014 Page 9 PFCU390HPx07 Power Factor Correction Half-brick Application Section LOAD ENABLE (also: POWER OUT GOOD signal) (Pin 7): • For high-side or remotely switched loads, an optoisolator can be employed as shown below. The PFCQor uses the following circuit for this output logic signal: VOUT+ AUX PFC Module PFC Module Remotely Switched Load 5k LOAD ENABLE LOAD ENABLE 1000p VOUT- VOUT- • When the LOAD ENABLE pin is internally pulled LOW the load converters are permitted to draw power from the PFCQor’s output. • When the LOAD ENABLE floats all load converters should disabled. AC GOOD (Pin 8): The PFCQor uses the following circuit for this output logic signal: • The LOAD ENABLE can be tied directly to the ON/OFF control pins of SynQor’s DC-DC converters as shown in Figure A. • For loads that are not SynQor DC-DC converters and that do not otherwise have a way to be enabled/disabled, an external power MOSFET can be used to connect and disconnect these loads from the PFCQor’s output based on the status of the LOAD ENABLE signal, as shown below. VOUT+ PFC Module Switched Load AUX 50k 50k LOAD ENABLE VOUT- PFC Module AC GOOD 1000p VOUT- • The AC GOOD signal is internally pulled low whenever the AC source voltage is within the PFCQor’s continuous operating range for at least one cycle of the source waveform, regardless of whether the PFCQor is enabled or disabled. • When the peak of the AC source voltage is outside this continuous operating range (either too high or too low), the AC GOOD pin will float. • The AC GOOD signal is typically used with a pullup resistor and an opto-coupler (as shown in Fig. A) to provide an isolated signal to the load that the AC source voltage is no longer within the specified continuous operating range. If this condition persists, the load power can only be delivered for the “hold-up time”, and it may therefore be desirable to have the load gracefully shut down. The AC GOOD signal provides a warning for this action to be taken. When the AC source voltage returns to the specified continuous operating range, the AC GOOD signal will re-assert after a 100 ms delay. • The AC GOOD pin is valid whenever the AUX bias supply power is valid (see above). Product # PFCU390HPx07 Phone 1-888-567-9596 www.synqor.com Doc.# 005-0006254 Rev. D05/13/2014 Page 10 PFCU390HPx07 Power Factor Correction Half-brick Application Section Output Current Monitor (Pin B): The PFCQor uses the following circuit for this output analog signal: PFC Module - 1.5k IMON + VOUT- • The IMON signal monitors the DC average output current, line-frequency components are removed from IMON. • The IMON output voltage is 0V at no-load and increases linearly to 2V at full-load. • Any monitoring of this output should be accomplished with a high input impedance sensor as this pin is also used for current sharing, see below. Clock Synchronization (Pin 2): The PFCQor uses the following circuit for this input logic signal. PFC Module +5V 5k Protection Features Input Over- & Under-Voltage: If the AC source voltage exceeds the maximum voltage rating the PFCQor will shut down. However, under this condition the PFCQor’s pre-charge circuit will continue to deliver 100mA of current to the output whenever the AC source voltage is higher than the dc output voltage. Care must be taken to insure this condition does not allow the output voltage to rise high enough to damage the PFCQor or the load converters. If a brownout or dropout of the AC source voltage occurs, and if it lasts long enough for the PFCQor’s output voltage to drop below its specified minimum limit, the PFCQor will shut down. Furthermore, regardless of what happens to the PFCQor’s output voltage, if the AC source voltage drops below its rated under-voltage value for 1 second or more, the PFCQor will shut down. After any shutdown the PFCQor will automatically return to the beginning of the STARTUP SEQUENCE described above. Output Over-Voltage: If the output voltage exceeds its specified maximum limit, the PFCQor’s boost converter will shutdown. However, under this condition the PFCQor’s pre-charge circuit will continue to deliver 100mA of current to the output whenever the AC source voltage is higher than the dc output voltage. Care must be taken to insure this condition does not allow the output voltage to rise high enough to damage the PFCQor or the load converters. Output Current Limit & Short-Circuit Shutdown: 5k CLK SYNC VOUT- • The PFCQor performs optimally with a 200kHz switching frequency. Deviation from this frequency will result in a reduction of maximum output power. Consult factory for details. If the PFCQor’s output is overloaded such that its output current limit becomes activated, the output voltage will fall as the excess load current discharges the hold-up capacitor. The PFCQor will continue to deliver power into this overload condition for 100 ms, after which the unit will shut down and automatically return to the beginning of the STARTUP SEQUENCE described above. If at any point the output voltage falls below the peak of the AC source voltage, the PFCQor will immediately shut down and return to the STARTUP SEQUENCE. Over Temperature: If the internal temperature of the PFCQor reaches 130°C the PFCQor will turn off its boost converter. The LOAD ENABLE output will simultaneously be de-asserted high. When the internal temperature falls below 110°C, the PFCQor will return to the beginning of the STARTUP SEQUENCE described above. Product # PFCU390HPx07 Phone 1-888-567-9596 www.synqor.com Doc.# 005-0006254 Rev. D05/13/2014 Page 11 PFCU390HPx07 Power Factor Correction Half-brick Application Section Energy Storage Hold-Up Capacitor The hold-up capacitor performs two functions: • It handles the cyclic imbalance between the flow of energy drawn from the AC source and the flow of energy delivered to the DC-DC converters. In doing so, the voltage across the hold-up capacitor has a ripple at a frequency twice that of the AC source voltage (e.g. 120Hz for a 60Hz input). The larger the hold-up capacitor, or the higher the frequency of the AC source, the smaller this ripple will be. • It provides a source of energy so that the DC-DC converters can continue to deliver load power during a temporary brownout or dropout of the AC source. The larger the hold-up capacitor the longer it can provide this energy. Often it will be made large enough to allow the load to be gracefully shutdown after the AC source has been outside of its normal range for a set amount of time. A typical “holdup time” would be in the 20 ms range for a 50/60 Hz system. The total energy stored in a hold-up capacitor having capacitance C at any given voltage V is: E = ½CV 2 The amount of energy, ∆E, which can be drawn from this capacitor depends on the capacitor’s starting voltage, Vs , and its final voltage, Vf , where Vs is the PFCQor’s nominal regulated output voltage and Vf is the PFCQor’s minimum output voltage limit. This energy equals the amount of power, P, which the DC-DC converters draw from the hold-up capacitor times the length of time, ∆t, which it takes for the hold-up capacitor’s voltage to drop from Vs to Vf . This energy can be equated to the hold-up capacitance according to the following formula: ∆E = P∆t = ½C(Vs2- Vf2) This formula can be rearranged to find the minimum required value for C to provide the hold-up time desired for a given power level (note: this power level P is not the load power, but rather the load power divided by efficiency of the DC-DC converters): Cmin = 2P∆t ⁄ ( Vs2- Vf2) For example, is we assume P = 600W, ∆t = 20ms, Vs = 400V and Vf = 200V, then we would want a hold-up capacitance of at least 200µF. Product # PFCU390HPx07 Phone 1-888-567-9596 During the start-up sequence the PFCQor will pre-charge the hold-up capacitor with approximately 100mA of current until it has reached a voltage about 10V below the peak of the AC source voltage. The time it takes for this to occur can be calculated using the following formula: t = CV/100mA For example, if the AC source voltage is 230Vrms (Vpk = 325V) and the hold-up capacitor is 200µF, this length of time will be approximately 0.6 seconds. The larger the hold-up capacitor, the longer it will take. After the hold-up capacitor’s voltage has reached this level, and assuming the PFCQor has been enabled, the boost converter in the PFCQor will quickly charge the hold-up capacitor to the nominal regulated output voltage level. NOTE: The PFCQor is able to operate with a minimum of 100uF of hold-up capacitance, but Synqor recommends at least 330uF if the power system will be required to conform to lightning surge standards. This is because the PFCQor relies on the hold-up capacitor to absorb most of the energy from a lightning surge. NOTE: Even though the PFCQor limits the inrush current drawn from the AC source during its STARTUP SEQUENCE, it will not necessarily limit this current at the end of a temporary brownout or dropout of the AC source when the hold-up capacitor’s voltage has not dropped below its minimum output voltage limit. In such a condition the PFCQor will not reinitiate a STARTUP SEQUENCE and it will therefore not limit the current flowing through it. If the peak of the AC source voltage is greater than the holdup capacitor’s voltage at the end of the brownout/dropout period, there will be a large inrush current for one half-cycle as the hold-up capacitor’s voltage is charged up to the peak of the AC source voltage. The larger the hold-up capacitor the larger this inrush current will be. To keep this inrush current within a reasonable limit, the maximum capacitance of the hold-up capacitor is limited as specified in the Technical Specifications table. www.synqor.com Doc.# 005-0006254 Rev. D05/13/2014 Page 12 PFCU390HPx07 Power Factor Correction Half-brick Application Section If it is desired to have a hold-up time longer than can be achieved with this maximum specified hold-up capacitance, then the circuit shown below can be used. VOUT+ PFC Module In this case, the hold-up capacitor would require a minimum ripple current rating of 1.3Arms, and the output voltage would have a pk-pk ripple voltage of 4.8V. Rc C1 C2 Safety Notes VOUT- In this circuit the total hold-up capacitance is (C1 + C2), and it can be made as large as desired as long as C1 does not exceed the maximum capacitance specified in the Technical Specifications table. The resistor, Rc, in series with C2 is present to limit the current that will charge this capacitor after a temporary brownout/dropout event. Its resistance should be large enough to limit the charging current to a fraction of the PFCQor’s rated output current. The diode in parallel with the resistor permits the load converters to draw whatever energy they need from C2 without being hindered by the resistor.: Output Ripple Considerations: The hold-up capacitor must have a ripple current rating high enough to withstand the ripple current generated on the output of the PFCQor. Ripple current amplitude is dependent only upon the total PFCQor output power, PDC, and the operating output voltage VO. It can be calculated using the following formula: The output of the PFCQor is not isolated from the AC source, and it is therefore a hazardous voltage. Care must be taken to avoid contact with this voltage, as well as with the AC source voltage. The PFCQor must have a fuse in series with its AC source. The rating for this fuse is given in the Technical Specification table. If multiple PFCQors are paralleled, there should be a fuse for each PFCQor. Thermal Consideration The maximum operating base-plate temperature, TB, is 100 ºC. Refer to the thermal derating curves to see the allowable power output for a given baseplate temperature and input voltage. A power derating curve can be calculated for any heatsink that is attached to the base-plate of the converter. It is only necessary to determine the thermal resistance, RTHBA, of the chosen heatsink between the base-plate and the ambient air for a given airflow rate. The following formula can then be used to determine the maximum power the converter can dissipate for a given thermal condition: max P diss = The AC line frequency, fac, bulk capacitance, C, operating output voltage, and output power will determine the amplitude of the voltage ripple present on the output of the PFCQor. It can be calculated with: TB - TA RTHBA This value of power dissipation can then be used in conjunction with the data shown in the figures to determine the maximum load power that the converter can deliver in the given thermal condition. At 60 Hz: For example, to calculate voltage and current ripple for a PFCQor with a 700W output, 500uF hold-up capacitor, and a 60Hz fundamental AC line frequency: Product # PFCU390HPx07 Phone 1-888-567-9596 www.synqor.com Doc.# 005-0006254 Rev. D05/13/2014 Page 13 PFCU390HPx07 Power Factor Correction Half-brick Application Section AC Line Filter An AC line filter is needed to attenuate the differential- and common-mode voltage and current ripples created by the PFCQor, the DC-DC converters and the load such that the system will comply with EMI requirements. The filter also provides protection for the PFCQor from high frequency transients in the AC source voltage. SynQor has a family of AC line filters that will provide these functions. It is recommended that a metal-oxide varistor (MOV) be placed from line-to-line on the input of the filter, and a TVS diode be placed from lineto-line on the output of the filter in order to keep the PFCQor input voltage from exceeding 575V during all transients. See Figure A for suggested parts. If a non-SynQor AC line filter is used, the use of an MOV on the input and a TVS diode on the output of the filter is still recommended. EMI Considerations To meet various conducted line emission standards, additional Y-capacitors may be needed to attenuate common-mode noise. Synqor recommends that saftey-rated ceramic capacitors be placed across any isolated DC-DC converters on the output of the PFC from Vin- to Vout- and Vout- to ground. See “Typical Application of the PFC Module” (Figure A) for a diagram and suggested parts. Product # PFCU390HPx07 Phone 1-888-567-9596 Paralleling Multiple PFCQors In higher power applications, multiple units can be used in parallel as shown below. • To balance load currents evenly between PFCQor modules, a 0.1 ohm resistor must be placed in series with Vout- on each module. The parallel diagram below shows correct placement of the resistors in relation to other circuitry. Resistors must be rated to handle RMS load return current. • PFC ENABLE may be driven with a common signal, but a 100 ohm resistor should be placed in series with each input before being connected to the common node. • AUX Bias outputs can be directly connected together as shown. • AC GOOD can drive a common signal, but a 100 ohm resistor should be placed in series with each output before being connected to the common node. • The loads should only be enabled when all the individual LOAD ENABLE outputs have been asserted low. The circuit shown below combines the individual LOAD ENABLE outputs into a single master LOAD ENABLE to achieve this requirement. • Active current sharing is accomplished by connecting all IMON pins directly together. The voltage at the IMON pins is then indicative of the average output current. Again, any circuit used to monitor the IMON voltage should have high input impedance. www.synqor.com Doc.# 005-0006254 Rev. D05/13/2014 Page 14 PFCU390HPx07 Power Factor Correction Half-brick Application Section Parallel Diagram L1 F1 F3 L1 VOUT+ AC GOOD TVS1 IMON 100 L2/N PFC #1 VIN+ 100 Load 1 AUX 50k ENABLE 50k PFC ENA L2/N MASTER LOAD ENABLE C1 LOAD ENABLE R1 VOUT- VIN- 0.1 ENABLE F2 F4 L1 VOUT+ AC GOOD TVS2 IMON 100 PFC #2 Load 2 AUX ENABLE 50k PFC ENA L2/N VIN+ 100 LOAD ENABLE VOUT- R2 0.1 VIN5k AC GOOD Product # PFCU390HPx07 Phone 1-888-567-9596 www.synqor.com Doc.# 005-0006254 Rev. D05/13/2014 Page 15 PFCU390HPx07 Power Factor Correction Half-brick Encased Mechanical 2.486 .020 [63,14 0,5] 2.00 [50,8] SIDE VIEW 1.400 [35,56] 1.000 [25,4] +.002 .512 -.005 +0,05 13 -0,12 OVERALL HEIGHT .700 [17,78] .400 [10,16] 9 2.386 [60,6 [ .243 .020 [6,17 0,5] .020 0,5] 6 7 8 5 ] .163 [4,15] .243 .020 [6,17 0,5] TOP VIEW 1.90 [48,3] 1.900 [48,26] .233 .020 [5,92 0,5] 1 2 A B 3 4 .400 [10,16] THRU HOLE M3 (SEE NOTE 2 AND 8) STANDOFFS (4) .800 [20,32] 1.000 [25,4] .543 .020 [ 13,79 0,5] 1.400 [35,56] NOTES 1. Baseplate flatness tolerance is 0.004” (.10 mm) TIR for surface. +.007 .022 -.010 +0,17 0,55 -0,25 [ ] PIN DESIGNATIONS Pin Name Function 1 L1 AC Line 1 2 CLK SYNC Clock Synchronization Input 3. Pins 1-4, 6-8, and B are 0.040" (1.02mm) diameter, with 0.080" (2.03mm) diameter standoff shoulders. B IMON Output Current Monitor / Current Share 3 PFC ENA Negative Logic PFC Enable 4. Pins 5 and 9 are 0.080" (2.03 mm) diameter with 0.125" (3.18 mm) diameter standoff shoulders. 4 L2/N AC Line 2 / Neutral 5 VOUT(-) Negative Output Voltage 5. All Pins: Material - Copper Alloy; Finish - Matte Tin over Nickel plate 6 AUX Auxiliary Bias power supply 7 LOAD ENA Negative Logic load enable and power out good signal 8 AC GOOD Negative Logic AC good signal 9 VOUT (+) Positive Output voltage 2. Applied torque per screw should not exceed 6in-lb. (0.7 Nm). 6. Undimensioned components are shown for visual reference only. 7. Weight: 4.9 oz (139 g) 8. Threaded and Non-Threaded options available 9. All dimensions in inches (mm). Tolerances: x.xx +/-0.02 in. (x.x +/-0.5mm) x.xxx +/-0.010 in. (x.xx +/-0.25mm) unless otherwise noted. 10.Workmanship: Meets or exceeds IPC-A-610C Class II Product # PFCU390HPx07 Phone 1-888-567-9596 www.synqor.com Doc.# 005-0006254 Rev. D05/13/2014 Page 16 PFCU390HPx07 Power Factor Correction Half-brick Encased Mechanical with Flange 3.15 [80] 2.486 .020 [63,14 0,5] SIDE VIEW 1.400 [35,56] 1.000 [25,4] .700 [17,78] .400 [10,16] USE W/ 4-40 OR M3 SCREW (6x) RECOM. TORQUE 3 in.lb .13[3,3] 7 8 9 6 .500 .025 [12,7 0,63] OVERALL HEIGHT .18 [4,6] SEE NOTES 5 & 6 5 .010 [0,2] 1.900 [48,26] TOP VIEW 1.61 [40,9] 1.87 [47,4] 2.386 .020 [60,6 0,5] .31 .96 [7,9] [24,4] 2 1 A B 3 4 .400[10,16] .600[10,16] 1.000[25,4] .027 [0,69 .020 0,5] .125 [3,18] 1.400[35,56] .543 .020 [13,79 0,5] .775 .020 [19,69 0,5] .875 .020 [22,23 0,5] 2.175 .020 [55,25 0,5] NOTES 1. Applied torque per screw should not exceed 5in-lb. (3in-lb recommended). PIN DESIGNATIONS Pin Name Function 1 L1 AC Line 1 2 CLK SYNC Clock Synchronization Input 3. Pins 1-4, 6-8, and B are 0.040" (1.02mm) diameter, with 0.080" (2.03mm) diameter standoff shoulders. B IMON Output Current Monitor / Current Share 3 PFC ENA Negative Logic PFC Enable 4. Pins 5 and 9 are 0.080 (2.03 mm) diameter with 0.125" (3.18 mm) diameter standoff shoulders. 4 L2/N AC Line 2 / Neutral 5 VOUT(-) Negative Output Voltage 5. All Pins: Material - Copper Alloy; Finish - Matte Tin over Nickel plate 6 AUX Auxiliary Bias power supply 7 LOAD ENA Negative Logic load enable and power out good signal 8 AC GOOD Negative Logic AC good signal 9 VOUT (+) Positive Output voltage 2. Baseplate flatness tolerance is 0.010" (.10 mm) TIR for surface. 6. Undimensioned components are shown for visual reference only. 7. Weight: 5.1 oz (145 g) 8. All dimensions in inches (mm). Tolerances: x.xx +/-0.02 in. (x.x +/-0.5mm) x.xxx +/-0.010 in. (x.xx +/-0.25mm) unless otherwise noted. 9. Workmanship: Meets or exceeds IPC-A-610C Class II Product # PFCU390HPx07 Phone 1-888-567-9596 www.synqor.com Doc.# 005-0006254 Rev. D05/13/2014 Page 17 PFCU390HPx07 Power Factor Correction Half-brick Ordering Information Part Numbering Scheme Family PFC Input Voltage Output Performance Package Size Range Voltage Level U: 85-264 Vrms 390: 390V H: Half-brick P: Peta Thermal Design Output Power C:Encased D:Encased with Non-threaded Baseplate V:Encased with Flanged Baseplate 07: 700W PART NUMBERING SYSTEM The part numbering system for SynQor’s ac-dc converters follows the format shown in the example below. P FC U 390 H P C 0 7 S R S - G 6/6 RoHS Options (see Ordering Information) Parallel Capability Input Phases Pin Style S: Single-Phase R: 0.180" S: Supports Parallel Capability ORDERING INFORMATION The tables below show the valid model numbers and ordering options for converters in this product family. When ordering SynQor converters, please ensure that you use the complete 15 character part number consisting of the 12 character base part number and the additional characters for options. Add “-G” to the model number for 6/6 RoHS compliance. Not all combinations make valid part numbers, please contact SynQor for availability. See the Product Summary web page for more options. Output Power Thermal Design Performance Level Model Number Input Voltage Output Voltage PFCU390HPC07SRS 85-264Vrms 390Vdc Max Output Power Up to 700W Package Size APPLICATION NOTES Output Voltage A variety of application notes and technical white papers can be downloaded in pdf format from our website. Input Voltage Range Product Family The first 12 characters comprise the base part number and the last 3 characters indicate available options. The “-G” suffix indicates 6/6 RoHS compliance. RoHS Compliance: The EU led RoHS (Restriction of Hazardous Substances) Directive bans the use of Lead, Cadmium, Hexavalent Chromium, Mercury, Polybrominated Biphenyls (PBB), and Polybrominated Diphenyl Ether (PBDE) in Electrical and Electronic Equipment. This SynQor product is 6/6 RoHS compliant. For more information please refer to SynQor’s RoHS addendum available at our RoHS Compliance / Lead Free Initiative web page or e-mail us at [email protected]. PATENTS SynQor holds the following U.S. patents, one or more of which apply to each product listed in this document. Additional patent applications may be pending or filed in the future. 5,999,417 6,222,742 6,545,890 6,577,109 6,594,159 6,731,520 6,894,468 6,896,526 6,927,987 7,050,309 7,072,190 7,085,146 7,119,524 7,269,034 7,272,021 7,272,023 7,558,083 7,564,702 7,765,687 7,787,261 8,023,290 8,149,597 8,493,751 8,644,027 Contact SynQor for further information and to order: Phone: ���������������������������� 978-849-0600 Toll Free:�������������������������� 888-567-9596 Fax:���������������������������������� 978-849-0602 E-mail:������������������������������ [email protected] Web:�������������������������������� www.SynQor.com Address:�������������������������� 155 Swanson Road Boxborough, MA 01719 USA Product # PFCU390HPx07 Phone 1-888-567-9596 WARRANTY SynQor offers a two (2) year limited warranty. Complete warranty information is listed on our website or is available upon request from SynQor. Information furnished by SynQor is believed to be accurate and reliable. However, no responsibility is assumed by SynQor for its use, nor for any infringements of patents or other rights of third parties which may result from its use. No license is granted by implication or otherwise under any patent or patent rights of SynQor. www.synqor.com Doc.# 005-0006254 Rev. D05/13/2014 Page 18