Application Notes

AN11009
Pin FMEA for LVC family
Rev. 1 — 4 February 2011
Application note
Document information
Info
Content
Keywords
FMEA, LVC, CMOS, 5 V and 3 V systems
Abstract
This application note provides a Failure Modes and Effects Analysis
(FMEA) for the device pins of the NXP Semiconductors’ LVC family under
typical failure situations
AN11009
NXP Semiconductors
Pin FMEA for LVC family
Revision history
Rev
Date
Description
v.1
20110204
initial version
Contact information
For more information, please visit: http://www.nxp.com
For sales office addresses, please send an email to: [email protected]
AN11009
Application note
All information provided in this document is subject to legal disclaimers.
Rev. 1 — 4 February 2011
© NXP B.V. 2011. All rights reserved.
2 of 7
AN11009
NXP Semiconductors
Pin FMEA for LVC family
1. Introduction
Low-Voltage CMOS (LVC) has become a logic industry standard for 3.3 V applications
both in the telecommunications and EDP market segment. LVC offers a direct interface
with TTL levels, is manufactured in a CMOS process, specified and guaranteed for
industrial operating temperatures.
2. LVC family overview
The LVC family from NXP Semiconductors supports live insertion and provides speeds of
4.5 ns to 5 ns and a drive capability of 24 mA while operating at 3 V with very low static
and dynamic power consumption. The 5 V tolerance capabilities make the LVC family
extremely attractive for mixed 5 V and 3 V systems.
The LVC devices are available as either non-bus hold, or bus hold with, or without,
damping resistor features. Bus hold types eliminate the need for pull-up and pull-down
resistors for floating inputs. Series damping resistors help prevent signal undershoots and
overshoots.
The LVC family range includes standard gates and octals to complex 16-bit bus interface
functions for buffering, multiplexing and interfacing in mixed 5 V and 3 V systems. The
broad portfolio and feature set of the LVC family provide designers with the flexibility and
reliability necessary to minimize manufacturing costs, eliminate floating inputs and design
‘‘worry-free” systems.
.
3. Pin FMEA
This application note provides a Failure Modes and Effects Analysis (FMEA) for the
device pins of the NXP Semiconductors’ LVC family under typical failure situations such
as a short-circuit to VCC or GND or to a neighboring pin, or if a pin is left open.
Some LVC family devices have special functions, such as translators and level-shifters,
that can have different behaviors.
A failure is classified according to its effect on the LVC device and the functionality of the
application; see Table 1.
Table 1.
Classification of failure effects
Class
Failure effect
A
damage to device
affects application functionality
B
no damage to device
C
no damage to device
may affect application functionality
no affect to application functionality
AN11009
Application note
All information provided in this document is subject to legal disclaimers.
Rev. 1 — 4 February 2011
© NXP B.V. 2011. All rights reserved.
3 of 7
AN11009
NXP Semiconductors
Pin FMEA for LVC family
Table 2.
FMEA matrix for pin short-circuit to VCC
Pin
Class
Remarks
Input
B
normal operating condition, no damage, no leakage, may affect
functionality
Output
C
if output defined HIGH, no damage, no leakage, no output level change
Output
A
if output defined LOW, short-circuits and high currents can damage
device, output level changes
GND
B
short-circuits and high currents can damage device, will affect
functionality
Table 3.
FMEA matrix for pin short-circuit to GND
Pin
Class
Remarks
Input
B
normal operating condition, no damage, no leakage, may affect
functionality
Output
C
if output defined LOW, no damage, no leakage, no output level change
Output
A
if output defined HIGH, short-circuits and high currents can damage
device, output level changes
VCC
B
no damage to device, will affect functionality
Table 4.
FMEA matrix for pin left open
Pin
Class
Remarks
Input
B
undefined operating condition, no damage, increases leakage (except
bus hold types), may affect functionality
Output
C
normal operating condition, no damage, no leakage
GND
B
undefined operating condition, no damage, increases leakage, will
affect functionality
VCC
B
undefined operating condition, no damage, increases leakage (only for
I/O types), will affect functionality
Table 5.
FMEA matrix for pin short-circuits between neighbor pins
Pin
Class
Remarks
Input to input
C
if inputs have same voltage levels: no damage, no leakage
B
if inputs have different voltage levels: leakage increases, will
affect functionality
A
if input and output have different voltage levels, can cause
high current and can damage device, will affect functionality
C
if input and output have same voltage levels, no damage, no
leakage
Input to output
Input to GND
-
see Table 3
Input to VCC
-
see Table 2
Output to output
C
if outputs have same voltage levels, no damage, no leakage
A
if outputs have different voltage levels, can cause high
current and can damage device, will affect functionality
-
same effect as ‘input to output’ condition
Output to input
AN11009
Application note
All information provided in this document is subject to legal disclaimers.
Rev. 1 — 4 February 2011
© NXP B.V. 2011. All rights reserved.
4 of 7
AN11009
NXP Semiconductors
Pin FMEA for LVC family
Table 5.
FMEA matrix for pin short-circuits between neighbor pins
Pin
Class
Remarks
Output to GND
-
see Table 3
Output to VCC
-
see Table 2
GND to VCC
-
not applicable, these pins are not neighbors
4. Abbreviations
Table 6.
AN11009
Application note
Abbreviations
Acronym
Description
CMOS
Complementary Metal-Oxide Semiconductor
EDP
Electronic Data Processing
FMEA
Failure Modes and Effects Analysis
LVC
Low-Voltage CMOS
TTL
Transistor-Transistor Logic
All information provided in this document is subject to legal disclaimers.
Rev. 1 — 4 February 2011
© NXP B.V. 2011. All rights reserved.
5 of 7
AN11009
NXP Semiconductors
Pin FMEA for LVC family
5. Legal information
5.1
Definitions
Draft — The document is a draft version only. The content is still under
internal review and subject to formal approval, which may result in
modifications or additions. NXP Semiconductors does not give any
representations or warranties as to the accuracy or completeness of
information included herein and shall have no liability for the consequences of
use of such information.
5.2
Disclaimers
Limited warranty and liability — Information in this document is believed to
be accurate and reliable. However, NXP Semiconductors does not give any
representations or warranties, expressed or implied, as to the accuracy or
completeness of such information and shall have no liability for the
consequences of use of such information.
In no event shall NXP Semiconductors be liable for any indirect, incidental,
punitive, special or consequential damages (including - without limitation - lost
profits, lost savings, business interruption, costs related to the removal or
replacement of any products or rework charges) whether or not such
damages are based on tort (including negligence), warranty, breach of
contract or any other legal theory.
Notwithstanding any damages that customer might incur for any reason
whatsoever, NXP Semiconductors’ aggregate and cumulative liability towards
customer for the products described herein shall be limited in accordance
with the Terms and conditions of commercial sale of NXP Semiconductors.
Right to make changes — NXP Semiconductors reserves the right to make
changes to information published in this document, including without
limitation specifications and product descriptions, at any time and without
notice. This document supersedes and replaces all information supplied prior
to the publication hereof.
Suitability for use — NXP Semiconductors products are not designed,
authorized or warranted to be suitable for use in life support, life-critical or
safety-critical systems or equipment, nor in applications where failure or
malfunction of an NXP Semiconductors product can reasonably be expected
to result in personal injury, death or severe property or environmental
damage. NXP Semiconductors accepts no liability for inclusion and/or use of
NXP Semiconductors products in such equipment or applications and
therefore such inclusion and/or use is at the customer’s own risk.
Applications — Applications that are described herein for any of these
products are for illustrative purposes only. NXP Semiconductors makes no
representation or warranty that such applications will be suitable for the
specified use without further testing or modification.
Customers are responsible for the design and operation of their applications
and products using NXP Semiconductors products, and NXP Semiconductors
accepts no liability for any assistance with applications or customer product
AN11009
Application note
design. It is customer’s sole responsibility to determine whether the NXP
Semiconductors product is suitable and fit for the customer’s applications and
products planned, as well as for the planned application and use of
customer’s third party customer(s). Customers should provide appropriate
design and operating safeguards to minimize the risks associated with their
applications and products.
NXP Semiconductors does not accept any liability related to any default,
damage, costs or problem which is based on any weakness or default in the
customer’s applications or products, or the application or use by customer’s
third party customer(s). Customer is responsible for doing all necessary
testing for the customer’s applications and products using NXP
Semiconductors products in order to avoid a default of the applications and
the products or of the application or use by customer’s third party
customer(s). NXP does not accept any liability in this respect.
Export control — This document as well as the item(s) described herein
may be subject to export control regulations. Export might require a prior
authorization from national authorities.
Evaluation products — This product is provided on an “as is” and “with all
faults” basis for evaluation purposes only. NXP Semiconductors, its affiliates
and their suppliers expressly disclaim all warranties, whether express, implied
or statutory, including but not limited to the implied warranties of
non-infringement, merchantability and fitness for a particular purpose. The
entire risk as to the quality, or arising out of the use or performance, of this
product remains with customer.
In no event shall NXP Semiconductors, its affiliates or their suppliers be liable
to customer for any special, indirect, consequential, punitive or incidental
damages (including without limitation damages for loss of business, business
interruption, loss of use, loss of data or information, and the like) arising out
the use of or inability to use the product, whether or not based on tort
(including negligence), strict liability, breach of contract, breach of warranty or
any other theory, even if advised of the possibility of such damages.
Notwithstanding any damages that customer might incur for any reason
whatsoever (including without limitation, all damages referenced above and
all direct or general damages), the entire liability of NXP Semiconductors, its
affiliates and their suppliers and customer’s exclusive remedy for all of the
foregoing shall be limited to actual damages incurred by customer based on
reasonable reliance up to the greater of the amount actually paid by customer
for the product or five dollars (US$5.00). The foregoing limitations, exclusions
and disclaimers shall apply to the maximum extent permitted by applicable
law, even if any remedy fails of its essential purpose.
5.3
Trademarks
Notice: All referenced brands, product names, service names and trademarks
are the property of their respective owners.
All information provided in this document is subject to legal disclaimers.
Rev. 1 — 4 February 2011
© NXP B.V. 2011. All rights reserved.
6 of 7
AN11009
NXP Semiconductors
Pin FMEA for LVC family
6. Contents
1
2
3
4
5
5.1
5.2
5.3
6
Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
LVC family overview . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Pin FMEA . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Abbreviations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Legal information. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Definitions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Disclaimers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Trademarks. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Contents . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
3
3
3
5
6
6
6
6
7
Please be aware that important notices concerning this document and the product(s)
described herein, have been included in section ‘Legal information’.
© NXP B.V. 2011.
All rights reserved.
For more information, please visit: http://www.nxp.com
For sales office addresses, please send an email to: [email protected]
Date of release: 4 February 2011
Document identifier: AN11009