AN1056: Embedded ACPI Compliant DDR Power Generation Using the ISL6532A

Embedded ACPI Compliant DDR Power
Generation Using the ISL6532A
®
Application Note
November 2003
AN1056
Author: Douglas Mattingly
Introduction
Recommended Test Equipment
The ISL6532A provides a complete ACPI compliant power
solution for dual channel DDRI and DDRII Memory systems.
Included are both a synchronous buck controller and
integrated LDO to supply VDDQ with high current during
S0/S1 (Run) states and standby current during S3 (SuspendTo-RAM = STR) state. During Run mode, a fully integrated
sink-source regulator generates an accurate (VDDQ/2) high
current VTT voltage. A buffered version of the VDDQ/2
reference is provided as VREF. The ISL6532A also features
VDDQ overcurrent protection and an internal LDO controller
for production of 1.5V Video and Core Voltages.
To test the full functionality of the ISL6532A, the following
equipment is recommended:
The ISL6532A contains high performance error amplifiers, a
high accuracy reference, an internal 50% tracking reference,
a fixed 250kHz internal oscillator, overcurrent protection for
the VDDQ regulator utilizing the control MOSFET rDS(ON)
and Power Good indication. All these features are packaged
in a 28-Lead 6x6mm QFN. A more complete description of
the IC can be found in the datasheet[1].
Reference Design
•
•
•
•
An ATX power supply (minimum 160W configuration)
Three electronic loads
Four channel oscilloscope with probes
Precision digital multimeters
If individual power supplies are to be utilized in place of the
ATX power supply, then the 5V power supply should be
capable of producing 15A of continuous current. The supply
for the 5VSBY rail should be capable of producing up to 1A.
A single 5V supply may be used for both VCC5 and 5VSBY.
The 12V supply should be capable of producing at least 1A
of continuous current.
Power and Load Connections
Input Voltages
Simply plug the 20 pin connector from the ATX power supply
into the 20 pin receptacle, J1, on the evaluation board. If
laboratory supplies are to be used, then connect the 5V
supplies to the VCC5 and 5VSBY posts. Connect the 12V
supply to the 12V post. Connect the ground leads of all
supplies to the corresponding GND post directly to the left of
each supply post.
The ISL6532AEVAL1 is an evaluation board that highlights the
operation of the ISL6532A in an embedded DDR DRAM
Memory Power application. The VDDQ supply has been
designed to supply 2.5V at a maximum load of 20A. The VTT
termination supply will track the VDDQ supply at 50% while
sourcing or sinking current. The LDO is designed to supply 1.5V
AGP core voltage. The schematic, Bill of Materials, and Board
Layout for the ISL6532AEVAL1 can be found in the Appendix.
Loading VDDQ
Connect the positive terminal of the first electronic load to
the VDDQ post. Connect the return terminal of the same
load to the corresponding GND post.
Quick Start Evaluation
Loading VTT - Sourcing Current
The ISL6532AEVAL1 board is shipped ‘ready to use’ right
from the box. The ISL6532AEVAL1 supports testing with
standard laboratory equipment or with an ATX power supply.
All three outputs can be exercised through external loads.
Both the VDDQ and VTT regulators have the ability to source
or sink current while the AGP Linear regulator may only
source current.
To test VTT while the regulator sources current, connect the
positive terminal of the second electronic load to the VTT
post. Connect the return terminal of the same load to the
corresponding GND post.
There are auxiliary posts available on the board for
introducing power to the board if an ATX supply is not
available. If an ATX supply is used, these posts may be used
to monitor the voltages supplied by the ATX supply. There
are also posts available on each regulated output rail for
drawing a load and/or monitoring the voltages. Ten
individually labeled probe points are also available for use.
These probe points provide Kelvin connections to signals
which may be of interest to the designer.
Three switches have been placed on the board to
accommodate ACPI signal simulation. The ATX switch will
enable or disable the ATX power supply, while the other two
switches will send S5 or S3 signals to the ISL6532A.
1
Loading VTT - Sinking Current
To test VTT while the regulator sinks current, connect the
positive terminal of the second electronic load to the VDDQ post.
Connect the return terminal of the same load to the VTT post.
CAUTION: The return terminal of the load must float for
this to work properly.
Loading VAGP
Connect the positive terminal of the third electronic load to
the 1.5VAGP post. Connect the return terminal of the
corresponding GND post.
Standby 3.3V Generation
The ISL6532AEVAL1 has been designed to generate a
3.3VSBY rail from the 5VSBY input. The 3.3VSBY rail is
used as the input to the standby LDO when the system is in
the Sleep State.
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Application Note 1056
Power Up and State Transitions
Active to Sleep State Transition
There are several distinct state transitions that the ISL6532A
supports. These include a Cold/Mechanical Start (S5 to S0
state transition), Active to Sleep (S0 to S3 transition), Sleep
to Active (S3 to S0 transition) and finally Active to Shutdown
(S0 to S5 transition). Table 1 shows the switch positions and
the corresponding ACPI states.
Figure 2 shows the transition from Active to Sleep. Refer to
Table 1 for proper switch positions to achieve this state
transition. When transitioning from Active State to Sleep
State, it is important that the load on the VDDQ rail be
reduced to levels that the standby LDO is capable of
supporting. If the load on VDDQ is excessive, VDDQ voltage
will collapse.
TABLE 1. ISL6532AEVAL1 STATES
ATX
S3
S5
STATE
ON
Active
Active
Active (S0)
ON
S3
Active
Sleep (S3)
ON
Active
S5
Shutdown (S5)
S3
5VATX
12VATX
If the ATX switch toggled to OFF while the system is in either
Active of Sleep state, the ISL6532A will revert to an S3
(Sleep) state. When either the S3 or S5 switch is toggled
from ACTIVE to the corresponding sleep state, there is
circuitry on the evaluation board that will force the ATX
supply OFF
VDDQ
VAGP
VTT
PGOOD
Initial Power Up - Cold Start
There are two ways to initiate a Cold Start on the
ISL6532AEVAL1. Prior to applying power to the ATX supply,
the S5 and S3 switch toggles should be pointing to “ACTIVE”
while the ATX switch toggle is pointing to “OFF”. After
applying power to the ATX supply, the ISL6532A can be
Cold Started be engaging the ATX switch to “ON”. The
second method requires the system to be in Shutdown state,
with the ATX switch “ON”, the S3 switch “ACTIVE” and the
S5 switch in “S5”. After engaging the S5 switch to “ACTIVE”,
the system will Cold Start. Figure 1 shows a Cold Start.
2ms/DIV
VDDQ @ 1V/DIV
5VATX @ 1V/DIV
VAGP @ 1V/DIV
12VATX @ 3V/DIV
VTT @ 1V/DIV
PGOOD @ 5V/DIV
FIGURE 2. ACTIVE TO SLEEP TRANSITION
Sleep to Active State Transition
Figure 3 shows the transition from Sleep to Active State.
Refer to Table 1 for proper switch positions to achieve this
state transition. Once the PGOOD signal has been asserted,
the VDDQ rail can then be loaded beyond the S3 load
limitations of the standby LDO.
S5
S3
S3
5VATX
5VSBY
12VATX
12VATX
VDDQ
5VATX
VAGP
PGOOD
VDDQ
VTT
VAGP
VTT
10ms/DIV
VDDQ @ 1V/DIV
5VSBY @ 1V/DIV
VAGP @ 1V/DIV
5VATX @ 1V/DIV
VTT @ 1V/DIV
12VATX @ 3V/DIV
PGOOD @ 5V/DIV
FIGURE 1. COLD/MECHANICAL START
PGOOD
5ms/DIV
VDDQ @ 1V/DIV
5VATX @ 1V/DIV
VAGP @ 1V/DIV
12VATX @ 3V/DIV
VTT @ 1V/DIV
PGOOD @ 5V/DIV
FIGURE 3. SLEEP TO ACTIVE TRANSITION
2
Application Note 1056
Shutdown to Active State Transition
Figure 4 shows the transition from Shutdown to Active. Refer
to Table 1 for proper switch positions to achieve this state
transition.
VDDQ
50mV/DIV
2.480V
VTT
50mV/DIV
1.230V
S5
1.480V
VAGP
50mV/DIV
5VATX
VDDQ Load
10A/DIV
12VATX
VDDQ
VAGP
200µs/DIV
PGOOD
VTT
10ms/DIV
VDDQ @ 1V/DIV
5VATX @ 1V/DIV
VAGP @ 1V/DIV
12VATX @ 3V/DIV
VTT @ 1V/DIV
PGOOD @ 5V/DIV
FIGURE 6. TRANSIENT ON VDDQ
VDDQ
10mV/DIV
2.480V
VTT
10mV/DIV
FIGURE 4. SHUTDOWN TO ACTIVE TRANSITION
1.230V
VDDQ Ripple Voltage
1.480V
Figure 5 shows the ripple voltage on the VDDQ output.
VAGP
10mV/DIV
VTT Load
1A/DIV
VDDQ
10mV/DIV
200µs/DIV
FIGURE 7. SOURCING TRANSIENT ON VTT
VDDQ
50mV/DIV
2.480V
VTT
20mV/DIV
2µs/DIV
FIGURE 5. VDDQ RIPPLE VOLTAGE
Transient Performance
Figures 6 through 10 show the response of the outputs when
subjected to a variety of transient loads while in the Active
(S0) State. Figure 6 shows VDDQ under transient loading.
Figure 7 shows VTT under a transient loading that causes
VTT to source current. Figure 8 shows VTT under a transient
that causes VTT to sink current. Figure 9 shows both VDDQ
and VTT under simultaneous transient loading. Finally,
Figure 10 shows the 1.5V AGP rail under transient loading.
3
1.230V
1.480V
VAGP
50mV/DIV
VTT Load
1A/DIV
500µs/DIV
FIGURE 8. SINKING TRANSIENT ON VTT
Application Note 1056
ISL6532AEVAL1 Customization
VDDQ
50mV/DIV
2.480V
VTT
50mV/DIV
1.230V
There are numerous ways in which a designer might modify
the ISL6532AEVAL1 evaluation board for differing
requirements. Some of the changes which are possible
include:
• The input and output inductors, L1 and L2
1.480V
VAGP
50mV/DIV
• The input and output capacitance for any of the three
regulators.
• The overcurrent trip point, programmed through the
OCSET resistor, R7
VDDQ Load
10A/DIV
VTT Load
2A/DIV
• By changing the value of C19, the soft start profile of the
VTT rail, when transitioning from Sleep to Active State
• All MOSFET footprints on the evaluation board allow for
either SO8 or PowerPak packaged MOSFETs to be
utilized
200µs/DIV
FIGURE 9. SOURCING TRANSIENTS ON VDDQ AND VTT
VDDQ
50mV/DIV
• The 3.3VSBY LDO, Ux1, may be circumvented by
shorting pins 2 and 3 together. This will provide the VDDQ
standby LDO with 5V while in Sleep state, which allows
the load to be increased by 100mA.
2.480V
VTT
50mV/DIV
1.230V
1.480V
VAGP
50mV/DIV
VAGP Load
1A/DIV
Conclusion
The ISL6532AEVAL1 is a versatile platform that allows
designers to gain a full understanding of the functionality of
the ISL6532A in a DDR Memory System. The board is also
flexible enough to allow the designer to modify the board for
differing requirements.
References
For Intersil documents available on the web, see
http://www.intersil.com/
200µs/DIV
[1] ISL6532A Data Sheet, Intersil Corporation, File No.
FN9099.
FIGURE 10. TRANSIENTS ON 1.5V AGP RAIL
Efficiency
Figure 11 shows the efficiency of the VDDQ regulator while
in Active (S0) State. As the other regulated outputs are all
derived through linear regulation, their efficiencies are not
shown.
96%
94%
92%
90%
88%
86%
84%
82%
0
5
10
15
LO A D C UR R E N T [ A ]
FIGURE 11. VDDQ EFFICIENCY
4
20
Application Note 1056
ISL6532EVAL1 Schematic
J1
ATX
SWITCH
PSON
S3#
S5#
14
4
6
19
20
ATX CONNECTOR
3
5 15
7 16
13 17
10
9
GND
+5VSB
+12VIN
+5VIN
VCC5
5VSBY
C17
1µF
C18
1µF
2
S5#
S3#
C26
0.1µF
VREF
24
23
5VSBY
PGOOD
SLP_S5#
SLP_S3#
11
25
P12V
21
PGOOD
VDDQ
VCC12
R1
4.99kΩ
P5VSBY
R2
10.0kΩ
3V3SBY
PHASE
6
19
Q6
C23
220µF
FB
100kΩ
R8
1.78kΩ
C4,5
1µF
+
C1-3
2200µF
VDDQ
Q1,3
20
2.5V 15AMAX
L2
2.1µH
27
Q2,4
7
8
9
3
+ C6-8
1800µF
R4
1.74kΩ
4
DRIVE2
680pF
18
+
GNDQ
GNDQ
VTT_SENSE
FB2
R9
2.00kΩ
1
GNDA
C25
R10
2.5V
C24
1µF
VDDQ
VDDQ
VDDQ
C21
220µF
10
VAGP
LGATE
GNDP
+
VDDQ
ISL6532A
VTT
VTT
GNDP
1.25V
5
1000pF
26
UGATE
C20 +
220µF
VTT
C22
R7 8.06kΩ
VREF_IN
C19
0.47µF
VDDQ
22
L1
2.1µH
OCSET
VREF_OUT
14
NCH
12
13
C27
0.1µF
Q5
C16
1µF
28
COMP
15
16
C15
1000pF
C13
56nF
R5
22.6Ω
17
C14
6.8nF
R3
19.1kΩ
R6
825Ω
5VSBY
S3#
3V3SBY
3.3V SBY LDO
SIGNAL CONDITIONING
S5#
S3
S5
SWITCH SWITCH
5
C9-12
22µF
Application Note 1056
ISL6532AEVAL1 Bill of Material
REF DES
C4, 5, 16-18
DESCRIPTION
PKG
VENDOR
VENDOR P/N
1µF, X5R Capacitor
0603
Various
C1, 2, 3
2200µF 6.3V MBZ Capacitor
10x20
Rubycon
6.3MBZ2200M10X20
3
C6, 7, 8
1800µF 16V MBZ Capacitor
10x23
Rubycon
16MBZ1800M10X23
3
220µF, 25V
8x11.5
Panasonic
EEU-FCIE221
3
C20, 21, 23
-
QTY
6
C9-12
22µF Capacitor
1206
Various
-
4
C13
56nF Capacitor
0603
Vishay
VJ0603Y563KXXA
1
C14
6.8nF Capacitor
0603
Vishay
VJ0603Y682KXBA
1
C15, 22
1000pF Capacitor
0603
Vishay
VJ0603Y102KXB
2
C19
0.047µF, 10V, X5R MLC Capacitor
0603
TDK
C1608X5R1A474K
1
C25
680pF Capacitor
0603
Vishay
VJ0603Y681KXB
1
C26, 27
0.1µF Capacitor
0603
Vishay
VJ0603Y104KXXA
2
-
CoEv
C9616
2
L1, 2
2.1µH, 7T 14AWG on T50-52B Core
Q1-4, Q6
30V N-Channel MOSFET
PowerPak
Vishay
Si7840DP
5
Q5
30V N-Channel MOSFET
DPAK
Vishay
SUD50N03-07
1
R1, 4
1.74kΩ, 1% Resistor
0603
Vishay
CRCW06031741F
2
R2
10.0kΩ, 1% Resistor
0603
Vishay
CRCW06031002F
1
R3
19.1kΩ, 1% Resistor
0603
Vishay
CRCW06031912F
1
R5
22.6Ω, 1% Resistor
0603
Vishay
CRCW060322R6F
1
R6
825Ω, 1% Resistor
0603
Vishay
CRCW0603825RF
1
R7
8.06kΩ, 1% Resistor
0603
Vishay
CRCW06038061F
1
R8
1.78kΩ, 1% Resistor
0603
Vishay
CRCW06031781F
1
R9
2.00kΩ, 1% Resistor
0603
Vishay
CRCW06032001F
1
R10
100kΩ, 1% Resistor
0603
Vishay
CRCW06031003F
1
U1
ACPI Compliant DDR Power Regulator
28ld 6x6mm QFN
Intersil
ISL6532ACR
1
SL6532AEVAL1 Layout
FIGURE 12. TOP SILK SCREEN
6
Application Note 1056
SL6532AEVAL1 Layout (Continued)
FIGURE 13. TOP
FIGURE 14. INTERNAL 1 GROUND
7
Application Note 1056
SL6532AEVAL1 Layout (Continued)
FIGURE 15. INTERNAL 2 POWER
FIGURE 16. BOTTOM
8
Application Note 1056
SL6532AEVAL1 Layout (Continued)
FIGURE 17. BOTTOM SILK SCREEN
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