INTEGRATED CIRCUITS DATA SHEET PCF8578 LCD row/column driver for dot matrix graphic displays Product specification Supersedes data of 1997 Mar 28 File under Integrated Circuits, IC12 1998 Sep 08 Philips Semiconductors Product specification LCD row/column driver for dot matrix graphic displays CONTENTS PCF8578 18 SOLDERING Introduction Reflow soldering Wave soldering LQFP VSO Method (LQFP and VSO) Repairing soldered joints 1 FEATURES 2 APPLICATIONS 3 GENERAL DESCRIPTION 4 ORDERING INFORMATION 5 BLOCK DIAGRAM 18.1 18.2 18.3 18.3.1 18.3.2 18.3.3 18.4 6 PINNING 19 DEFINITIONS 7 FUNCTIONAL DESCRIPTION 20 LIFE SUPPORT APPLICATIONS 7.1 7.2 7.3 7.4 7.5 7.6 7.7 7.8 7.9 7.10 7.11 7.12 7.13 7.14 7.15 7.16 7.17 Mixed mode Row mode Multiplexed LCD bias generation Power-on reset Internal clock External clock Timing generator Row/column drivers Display mode controller Display RAM Data pointer Subaddress counter I2C-bus controller Input filters RAM access Display control TEST pin 21 PURCHASE OF PHILIPS I2C COMPONENTS 8 I2C-BUS PROTOCOL 8.1 Command decoder 9 CHARACTERISTICS OF THE I2C-BUS 9.1 9.2 9.3 9.4 Bit transfer Start and stop conditions System configuration Acknowledge 10 LIMITING VALUES 11 HANDLING 12 DC CHARACTERISTICS 13 AC CHARACTERISTICS 14 APPLICATION INFORMATION 15 CHIP DIMENSIONS AND BONDING PAD LOCATIONS 16 CHIP-ON GLASS INFORMATION 17 PACKAGE OUTLINE 1998 Sep 08 2 Philips Semiconductors Product specification LCD row/column driver for dot matrix graphic displays 1 PCF8578 FEATURES • Single chip LCD controller/driver • Stand-alone or may be used with up to 32 PCF8579s (40960 dots possible) • 40 driver outputs, configurable as 32⁄8, 24⁄16, 16⁄24 or 8⁄ rows/columns 32 2 • Selectable multiplex rates; 1 : 8, 1 : 16, 1 : 24 or 1 : 32 APPLICATIONS • Automotive information systems • Externally selectable bias configuration, 5 or 6 levels • Telecommunication systems • 1280-bit RAM for display data storage and scratch pad • Point-of-sale terminals • Display memory bank switching • Computer terminals • Auto-incremented data loading across hardware subaddress boundaries (with PCF8579) • Instrumentation. • Provides display synchronization for PCF8579 • On-chip oscillator, requires only 1 external resistor 3 • Power-on reset blanks display The PCF8578 is a low power CMOS LCD row/column driver, designed to drive dot matrix graphic displays at multiplex rates of 1 : 8, 1 : 16, 1 : 24 or 1 : 32. The device has 40 outputs, of which 24 are programmable, configurable as 32⁄8, 24⁄16, 16⁄24 or 8⁄32 rows/columns. The PCF8578 can function as a stand-alone LCD controller/driver for use in small systems, or for larger systems can be used in conjunction with up to 32 PCF8579s for which it has been optimized. Together these two devices form a general purpose LCD dot matrix driver chip set, capable of driving displays of up to 40960 dots. The PCF8578 is compatible with most microcontrollers and communicates via a two-line bidirectional bus (I2C-bus). Communication overheads are minimized by a display RAM with auto-incremented addressing and display bank switching. • Logic voltage supply range 2.5 to 6 V • Maximum LCD supply voltage 9 V • Low power consumption • I2C-bus interface • TTL/CMOS compatible • Compatible with most microcontrollers • Optimized pinning for single plane wiring in multiple device applications (with PCF8579) • Space saving 56-lead plastic mini-pack and 64 pin quad flat pack • Compatible with chip-on-glass technology. 4 GENERAL DESCRIPTION ORDERING INFORMATION PACKAGE TYPE NUMBER PCF8578T PCF8578U/2 PCF8578H 1998 Sep 08 NAME DESCRIPTION VERSION VSO56 plastic very small outline package; 56 leads SOT190-1 − LQFP64 − chip with bumps in tray plastic low profile quad flat package; 64 leads; body 10 × 10 × 1.4 mm 3 SOT314-2 Philips Semiconductors Product specification LCD row/column driver for dot matrix graphic displays 5 PCF8578 BLOCK DIAGRAM C39 - C32 R31/C31 - R8/C8 R7 - R0 VDD V2 V3 V4 V5 V LCD TEST 17 - 56 (29 to 35, 37, 38 to 46 48 to 62, 63, 64, 1 to 6) 9 (20) 10 (21) 11 (22) ROW/COLUMN DRIVERS 12 (23) (1) PCF8578 13 (24) 14 (25) 6 (12) DISPLAY MODE CONTROLLER OUTPUT CONTROLLER Y DECODER AND SENSING AMPLIFIERS 32 x 40-BIT DISPLAY RAM DISPLAY DECODER X DECODER (9) 3 SUBADDRESS COUNTER POWER-ON RESET SCL SDA RAM DATA POINTER Y TIMING GENERATOR SYNC (10) 4 CLK X (16) 8 2 (8) I 2 C-BUS CONTROLLER INPUT FILTERS 1 (7) 15, 16 (14, 15, 17 to 19 26 to 28 36, 47) COMMAND DECODER R OSC (11) 5 7 (13) MSA842 n.c. n.c. SA0 (1) Operates at LCD voltage levels, all other blocks operate at logic levels. The pin numbers given in parenthesis refer to the LQFP64 package. Fig.1 Block diagram. 1998 Sep 08 4 OSC OSCILLATOR VSS Philips Semiconductors Product specification LCD row/column driver for dot matrix graphic displays 6 PCF8578 PINNING PIN SYMBOL DESCRIPTION VSO56 LQFP64 SDA 1 7 I2C-bus serial data input/output SCL 2 8 I2C-bus serial clock input SYNC 3 9 cascade synchronization output CLK 4 10 external clock input/output VSS 5 11 ground (logic) TEST 6 12 test pin (connect to VSS) SA0 7 13 I2C-bus slave address input (bit 0) OSC 8 16 oscillator input 9 20 positive supply voltage 10 to 13 21 to 24 LCD bias voltage inputs VLCD 14 25 n.c. 15, 16 14, 15, 17 to 19, 26 to 28, 36, 47 C39 to C32 17 to 24 29 to 35, 37 R31/C31 to R8/C8 25 to 48 R7 to R0 49 to 56 VDD V2 to V5 1998 Sep 08 LCD supply voltage not connected LCD column driver outputs 38 to 46, 48 to 62 LCD row/column driver outputs 63, 64, 1 to 6 LCD row driver outputs 5 Philips Semiconductors Product specification LCD row/column driver for dot matrix graphic displays PCF8578 R0 SDA 1 56 SCL 2 55 R1 SYNC 3 54 R2 CLK 4 53 R3 V SS 5 52 R4 TEST 6 51 R5 SA0 7 50 R6 OSC 8 49 R7 V DD 9 48 R8/C8 V 2 10 47 R9/C9 V 3 11 46 R10/C10 V 4 12 45 R11/C11 V 5 13 44 R12/C12 V LCD 14 43 R13/C13 PCF8578 n.c. 15 42 R14/C14 n.c. 16 41 R15/C15 C39 17 40 R16/C16 C38 18 39 R17/C17 C37 19 38 R18/C18 C36 20 37 R19/C19 C35 21 36 R20/C20 C34 22 35 R21/C21 C33 23 34 R22/C22 C32 24 33 R23/C23 R31/C31 25 32 R24/C24 R30/C30 26 31 R25/C25 R29/C29 27 30 R26/C26 R28/C28 28 29 R27/C27 MSA839 Fig.2 Pin configuration (VSO56). 1998 Sep 08 6 Philips Semiconductors Product specification 49 R21/C21 50 R20/C20 51 R19/C19 52 R18/C18 53 R17/C17 54 R16/C16 55 R15/C15 56 R14/C14 PCF8578 57 R13/C13 58 R12/C12 59 R11/C11 60 R10/C10 61 R9/C9 63 R7 64 R6 handbook, full pagewidth 62 R8/C8 LCD row/column driver for dot matrix graphic displays R5 1 48 R22/C22 R4 2 47 n.c. R3 3 46 R23/C23 R2 4 45 R24/C24 R1 5 44 R25/C25 R0 6 43 R26/C26 SDA 7 42 R27/C27 SCL 8 41 R28/C28 PCF8578 9 40 R29/C29 CLK 10 39 R30/C30 VSS 11 38 R31/C31 SYNC Fig.3 Pin configuration (LQFP64). 1998 Sep 08 7 C36 32 C37 31 C38 30 C39 29 n.c. 28 n.c. 27 n.c. 26 33 C35 V5 24 OSC 16 VLCD 25 34 C34 V4 23 n.c. 15 V3 22 35 C33 V2 21 n.c. 14 VDD 20 36 n.c. n.c. 19 SA0 13 n.c. 18 37 C32 n.c. 17 TEST 12 MBH588 Philips Semiconductors Product specification LCD row/column driver for dot matrix graphic displays 7 PCF8578 Timing signals are derived from the on-chip oscillator, whose frequency is determined by the value of the resistor connected between OSC and VSS. FUNCTIONAL DESCRIPTION The PCF8578 row/column driver is designed for use in one of three ways: Commands sent on the I2C-bus from the host microcontroller set the mode (row or mixed), configuration (multiplex rate and number of rows and columns) and control the operation of the device. The device may have one of two slave addresses. The only difference between these slave addresses is the least significant bit, which is set by the logic level applied to SA0. The PCF8578 and PCF8579 also have subaddresses. The subaddress of the PCF8578 is only defined in mixed mode and is fixed at 0. The RAM may only be accessed in mixed mode and data is loaded as described for the PCF8579. • Stand-alone row/column driver for small displays (mixed mode) • Row/column driver with cascaded PCF8579s (mixed mode) • Row driver with cascaded PCF8579s (mixed mode). 7.1 Mixed mode In mixed mode, the device functions as both a row and column driver. It can be used in small stand-alone applications, or for larger displays with up to 15 PCF8579s (31 PCF8579s when two slave addresses are used). See Table 1 for common display configurations. 7.2 Bias levels may be generated by an external potential divider with appropriate decoupling capacitors. For large displays, bias sources with high drive capability should be used. A typical mixed mode system operating with up to 15 PCF8579s is shown in Fig.5 (a stand-alone system would be identical but without the PCF8579s). Row mode In row mode, the device functions as a row driver with up to 32 row outputs and provides the clock and synchronization signals for the PCF8579. Up to 16 PCF8579s can normally be cascaded (32 when two slave addresses are used). Table 1 Possible displays configurations APPLICATION Stand alone With PCF8579 MIXED MODE ROW MODE MULTIPLEX RATE ROWS COLUMNS ROWS COLUMNS 1:8 8 32 − − 1 : 16 16 24 − − 1 : 24 24 16 − − 1 : 32 32 8 − 1:8 8(1) 632(1) 8×4 4(2) 640(2) 1 : 16 16(1) 624(1) 16 × 2(2) 640(2) 1 : 24 24(1) 616(1) 24(2) 640(2) 1 : 32 32(1) 608(1) 24(2) 640(2) TYPICAL APPLICATIONS Notes 1. Using 15 PCF8579s. 2. Using 16 PCF8579s. 1998 Sep 08 8 small digital or alphanumerical displays − alphanumeric displays and dot matrix graphic displays Philips Semiconductors Product specification LCD row/column driver for dot matrix graphic displays 7.3 PCF8578 Multiplexed LCD bias generation 7.4 The bias levels required to produce maximum contrast depend on the multiplex rate and the LCD threshold voltage (Vth). Vth is typically defined as the RMS voltage at which the LCD exhibits 10% contrast. Table 2 shows the optimum voltage bias levels for the PCF8578 as functions of Vop (Vop = VDD − VLCD), together with the discrimination ratios (D) for the different multiplex rates. A practical value for Vop is obtained by equating Voff(rms) with Vth. Figure 4 shows the first 4 rows of Table 2 as graphs. Table 3 shows the relative values of the resistors required in the configuration of Fig.5 to produce the standard multiplex rates. Table 2 Power-on reset At power-on the PCF8578 resets to a defined starting condition as follows: 1. Display blank 2. 1 : 32 multiplex rate, row mode 3. Start bank, 0 selected 4. Data pointer is set to X, Y address 0, 0 5. Character mode 6. Subaddress counter is set to 0 7. I2C-bus interface is initialized. Data transfers on the I2C-bus should be avoided for 1 ms following power-on, to allow completion of the reset action. Optimum LCD voltages MULTIPLEX RATE PARAMETER 1:8 1 : 16 1 : 24 1 : 32 MSA838 1.0 V2 --------V op 0.739 0.800 0.830 V bias 0.850 V2 Vop 0.8 V3 --------V op 0.522 0.600 0.661 0.700 V3 0.6 V4 --------V op 0.478 V5 --------V op 0.261 0.400 0.339 0.300 0.4 V4 0.200 0.170 0.150 0.2 V5 V off ( rms ) ----------------------V op 0.297 V on ( rms ) ----------------------V op 0.430 V on ( rms ) D = ---------------------V off ( rms ) 1.447 1.291 1.230 1.196 V op --------V th 3.370 4.080 4.680 5.190 Table 3 0.245 0.214 0.193 0 0.316 0.263 1:16 1:24 1:32 multiplex rate 0.230 Vbias = V2, V3, V4, V5. See Table 2. Fig.4 Multiplex rates and resistor values for Fig.5 MULTIPLEX RATE (n) RESISTORS n=8 n = 16, 24, 32 R1 R R R2 ( n – 2) R R R3 ( 3 – n) R ( n – 3) R 1998 Sep 08 1:8 9 Vbias/Vop as a function of the multiplex rate. This text is here in white to force landscape pages to be rotated correctly when browsing through the pdf in the Acrobat reader.This text is here in _white to force landscape pages to be rotated correctly when browsing through the pdf in the Acrobat reader.This text is here inThis text is here in white to force landscape pages to be rotated correctly when browsing through the pdf in the Acrobat reader. white to force landscape pages to be ... V DD 40 n columns V DD C 40 columns R1 V2 C R2 V3 10 HOST MICROCONTROLLER C R3 V4 SCL C SDA PCF8578 R2 V DD V DD VLCD VLCD VSS VSS VSS / V DD SA0 SDA V5 C A0 A1 PCF8579 A2 subaddress 1 VSS / V DD Philips Semiconductors n rows LCD row/column driver for dot matrix graphic displays 1998 Sep 08 LCD DISPLAY A3 SCL CLK SYNC V4 V3 R1 V LCD VSS VSS VLCD SA0 VSS / V DD OSC R OSC SDA SCL CLK SYNC PCF8578 Fig.5 Typical mixed mode configuration. Product specification MSA843 Philips Semiconductors Product specification LCD row/column driver for dot matrix graphic displays PCF8578 T frame 0 ROW 0 COLUMN 1 2 3 ON 4 5 6 OFF 7 VDD V2 V3 V4 V5 V LCD 1:8 VDD V2 V3 V4 V5 V LCD SYNC 0 ROW 0 COLUMN 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 VDD V2 V3 V4 V5 V LCD 1:16 VDD V2 V3 V4 V5 V LCD SYNC 0 ROW 0 COLUMN 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 VDD V2 V3 V4 V5 V LCD 1:24 VDD V2 V3 V4 V5 V LCD SYNC 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 ROW 0 COLUMN VDD V2 V3 V4 V5 V LCD 1:32 VDD V2 V3 V4 V5 V LCD SYNC MSA841 Fig.6 LCD row/column waveforms. 1998 Sep 08 11 column display Philips Semiconductors Product specification LCD row/column driver for dot matrix graphic displays PCF8578 T frame ROW 1 R1 (t) VDD V2 V3 V4 V5 V LCD ROW 2 R2 (t) VDD V2 V3 V4 V5 V LCD COL 1 C1 (t) VDD V2 V3 V4 V5 V LCD COL 2 C2 (t) VDD V2 V3 V4 V5 V LCD state 1 (OFF) state 2 (ON) dot matrix 1:8 multiplex rate V op 0.261 Vop V state 1 (t) 0V 0.261 Vop V op V op 0.478 Vop 0.261 Vop V state 2 (t) 0V 0.261 Vop 0.478 Vop V op MSA840 V state 1 (t) = C1(t) Von(rms) V op = 1 8 V state 2 (t) = C2(t) Voff(rms) V op = general relationship (n = multiplex rate) R1(t): 8 8 ( 1 8 1) = 0.430 R2(t): Von(rms) V op = Voff(rms) = V op 2 ( 8 1) = 0.297 8 ( 8 1) 2 1 n n 1 n ( n 1) 2 ( n 1) n ( n 1) 2 Fig.7 LCD drive mode waveforms for 1 : 8 multiplex rate. 1998 Sep 08 12 Philips Semiconductors Product specification LCD row/column driver for dot matrix graphic displays PCF8578 state 1 (OFF) state 2 (ON) T frame ROW 1 R1 (t) VDD V2 V3 V4 V5 V LCD ROW 2 R2 (t) VDD V2 V3 V4 V5 V LCD COL 1 C1 (t) VDD V2 V3 V4 V5 V LCD COL 2 C2 (t) dot matrix 1:16 multiplex rate VDD V2 V3 V4 V5 V LCD V op 0.2 Vop V state 1 (t) 0V 0.2 Vop V op V op 0.6 Vop V state 2 (t) 0.2 Vop 0V 0.2 Vop 0.6 Vop V op MSA836 V state 1 (t) = C1(t) Von(rms) V op = V op = Von(rms) 1 16 1 = 0.316 16 16 ( 16 1 ) V state 2 (t) = C2(t) V off(rms) general relationship (n = multiplex rate) R1(t): V op R2(t): = Voff(rms) = V op 2 ( 16 1) = 0.254 16 ( 16 1 ) 2 1 n n 1 n ( n 1) 2 ( n 1) n ( n 1) 2 Fig.8 LCD drive mode waveforms for 1 : 16 multiplex rate. 1998 Sep 08 13 Philips Semiconductors Product specification LCD row/column driver for dot matrix graphic displays 7.5 PCF8578 Internal clock 7.6 The clock signal for the system may be generated by the internal oscillator and prescaler. The frequency is determined by the value of the resistor ROSC, see Fig.9. For normal use a value of 330 kΩ is recommended. The clock signal, for cascaded PCF8579s, is output at CLK and has a frequency 1⁄6 (multiplex rate 1 : 8, 1 : 16 and 1 : 32) or 1⁄8 (multiplex rate 1 : 24) of the oscillator frequency. If an external clock is used, OSC must be connected to VDD and the external clock signal to CLK. Table 4 summarizes the nominal CLK and SYNC frequencies. 7.7 Timing generator The timing generator of the PCF8578 organizes the internal data flow of the device and generates the LCD frame synchronization pulse SYNC, whose period is an integer multiple of the clock period. In cascaded applications, this signal maintains the correct timing relationship between the PCF8578 and PCF8579s in the system. MSA837 10 3 External clock f OSC 7.8 Row/column drivers (kHz) Outputs R0 to R7 and C32 to C39 are fixed as row and column drivers respectively. The remaining 24 outputs R8/C8 to R31/C31 are programmable and may be configured (in blocks of 8) to be either row or column drivers. The row select signal is produced sequentially at each output from R0 up to the number defined by the multiplex rate (see Table 1). In mixed mode the remaining outputs are configured as columns. In row mode all programmable outputs (R8/C8 to R31/C31) are defined as row drivers and the outputs C32 to C39 should be left open-circuit. 10 2 10 1 10 102 103 104 R OSC (kΩ ) Using a 1 : 16 multiplex rate, two sets of row outputs are driven, thus facilitating split-screen configurations, i.e. a row select pulse appears simultaneously at R0 and R16/C16, R1 and R17/C17 etc. Similarly, using a multiplex rate of 1 : 8, four sets of row outputs are driven simultaneously. Driver outputs must be connected directly to the LCD. Unused outputs should be left open-circuit. In 1 : 8 R0 to R7 are rows; in 1 : 16 R0 to R15/C15 are rows; in 1 : 24 R0 to R23/C23 are rows; in 1 : 32 R0 to R31/C31 are rows. To avoid capacitive coupling, which could adversely affect oscillator stability, ROSC should be placed as closely as possible to the OSC pin. If this proves to be a problem, a filtering capacitor may be connected in parallel to ROSC. Fig.9 Table 4 Oscillator frequency as a function of external oscillator resistor, ROSC. Signal frequencies required for nominal 64 Hz frame frequency; note 1. OSCILLATOR FREQUENCY fOSC(2) (Hz) FRAME FREQUENCY fSYNC (Hz) MULTIPLEX RATE (n) DIVISION RATIO CLOCK FREQUENCY fCLK (Hz) 12288 64 1 : 8, 1 : 16, 1 : 32 6 2048 12288 64 1 : 24 8 1536 Notes 1. A clock signal must always be present, otherwise the LCD may be frozen in a DC state. 2. ROSC = 330 kΩ. 1998 Sep 08 14 Philips Semiconductors Product specification LCD row/column driver for dot matrix graphic displays 7.9 PCF8578 7.15 Display mode controller RAM operations are only possible when the PCF8578 is in mixed mode. The configuration of the outputs (row or column) and the selection of the appropriate driver waveforms are controlled by the display mode controller. 7.10 In this event its hardware subaddress is internally fixed at 0000 and the hardware subaddresses of any PCF8579 used in conjunction with the PCF8578 must start at 0001. Display RAM The PCF8578 contains a 32 x 40-bit static RAM which stores the display data. The RAM is divided into 4 banks of 40 bytes (4 x 8 x 40 bits). During RAM access, data is transferred to/from the RAM via the I2C-bus. The first eight columns of data (0 to 7) cannot be displayed but are available for general data storage and provide compatibility with the PCF8579. There is a direct correspondence between X-address and column output number. 7.11 There are three RAM ACCESS modes: • Character • Half-graphic • Full-graphic. These modes are specified by bits G1 to G0 of the RAM ACCESS command. The RAM ACCESS command controls the order in which data is written to or read from the RAM (see Fig.10). Data pointer To store RAM data, the user specifies the location into which the first byte will be loaded (see Fig.11): The addressing mechanism for the display RAM is realized using the data pointer. This allows an individual data byte or a series of data bytes to be written into, or read from, the display RAM, controlled by commands sent on the I2C-bus. 7.12 • Device subaddress (specified by the DEVICE SELECT command) • RAM X-address (specified by the LOAD X-ADDRESS command) • RAM bank (specified by bits Y1 and Y0 of the RAM ACCESS command). Subaddress counter The storage and retrieval of display data is dependent on the content of the subaddress counter. Storage takes place only when the contents of the subaddress counter agree with the hardware subaddress. The hardware subaddress of the PCF8578, valid in mixed mode only, is fixed at 0000. 7.13 Subsequent data bytes will be written or read according to the chosen RAM ACCESS mode. Device subaddresses are automatically incremented between devices until the last device is reached. If the last device has subaddress 15, further display data transfers will lead to a wrap-around of the subaddress to 0. I2C-bus controller 7.16 The I2C-bus controller detects the I2C-bus protocol, slave address, commands and display data bytes. It performs the conversion of the data input (serial-to-parallel) and the data output (parallel-to-serial). The PCF8578 acts as an I2C-bus slave transmitter/receiver in mixed mode, and as a slave receiver in row mode. A slave device cannot control bus communication. 7.14 RAM access Display control The display is generated by continuously shifting rows of RAM data to the dot matrix LCD via the column outputs. The number of rows scanned depends on the multiplex rate set by bits M1 and M0 of the SET MODE command. The display status (all dots on/off and normal/inverse video) is set by bits E1 and E0 of the SET MODE command. For bank switching, the RAM bank corresponding to the top of the display is set by bits B1 and B0 of the SET START BANK command. This is shown in Fig.12. This feature is useful when scrolling in alphanumeric applications. Input filters To enhance noise immunity in electrically adverse environments, RC low-pass filters are provided on the SDA and SCL lines. 7.17 TEST pin The TEST pin must be connected to VSS. 1998 Sep 08 15 This text is here in white to force landscape pages to be rotated correctly when browsing through the pdf in the Acrobat reader.This text is here in _white to force landscape pages to be rotated correctly when browsing through the pdf in the Acrobat reader.This text is here inThis text is here in white to force landscape pages to be rotated correctly when browsing through the pdf in the Acrobat reader. white to force landscape pages to be ... driver 1 driver 2 driver k bank 0 bank 1 RAM 4 bytes bank 2 bank 3 PCF8578/PCF8579 system RAM 1 k 16 40-bits 1 byte 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 LSB 9 10 11 character mode 16 MSB 0 2 4 6 8 10 12 14 16 18 20 22 1 3 5 7 9 11 13 15 17 19 21 23 Philips Semiconductors PCF8579 LCD row/column driver for dot matrix graphic displays 1998 Sep 08 PCF8578/PCF8579 2 bytes half-graphic mode 0 4 8 12 16 20 24 28 32 36 40 44 1 5 9 13 17 21 25 29 33 37 41 45 2 6 10 14 18 22 26 30 34 38 42 46 3 7 11 15 19 23 27 31 35 39 43 47 4 bytes Fig.10 RAM ACCESS mode. MSA849 Product specification full-graphic mode PCF8578 RAM data bytes are written or read as indicated above This text is here in white to force landscape pages to be rotated correctly when browsing through the pdf in the Acrobat reader.This text is here in _white to force landscape pages to be rotated correctly when browsing through the pdf in the Acrobat reader.This text is here inThis text is here in white to force landscape pages to be rotated correctly when browsing through the pdf in the Acrobat reader. white to force landscape pages to be ... bank 0 character mode bank 1 bank 1 RAM bank 2 bank 3 LOAD X-ADDRESS: X-address = 8 R/ W slave address READ S 17 S 0 1 1 1 1 0 A 1 A DATA A Philips Semiconductors RAM ACCESS: LCD row/column driver for dot matrix graphic displays 1998 Sep 08 DEVICE SELECT: subaddress 12 0 R/W slave address S DEVICE SELECT LOAD X-ADDRESS RAM ACCESS S 0 1 1 1 1 0 A 0 A 1 1 1 0 1 1 0 0 A 1 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 A 0 1 1 1 0 0 0 1 A 0 last command WRITE DATA A DATA A MSA835 Product specification PCF8578 Fig.11 Example of commands specifying initial data byte RAM locations. Philips Semiconductors Product specification LCD row/column driver for dot matrix graphic displays PCF8578 RAM bank 0 top of LCD bank 1 LCD bank 2 bank 3 MSA851 Fig.12 Relationship between display and SET START BANK; 1 : 32 multiplex rate and start bank = 2. 1998 Sep 08 18 Philips Semiconductors Product specification LCD row/column driver for dot matrix graphic displays 8 PCF8578 In READ mode, indicated by setting the read/write bit HIGH, data bytes may be read from the RAM following the slave address acknowledgement. After this acknowledgement the master transmitter becomes a master receiver and the PCF8578 becomes a slave transmitter. The master receiver must acknowledge the reception of each byte in turn. The master receiver must signal an end of data to the slave transmitter, by not generating an acknowledge on the last byte clocked out of the slave. The slave transmitter then leaves the data line HIGH, enabling the master to generate a stop condition (P). I2C-BUS PROTOCOL Two 7-bit slave addresses (0111100 and 0111101) are reserved for both the PCF8578 and PCF8579. The least significant bit of the slave address is set by connecting input SA0 to either 0 (VSS) or 1 (VDD). Therefore, two types of PCF8578 or PCF8579 can be distinguished on the same I2C-bus which allows: 1. One PCF8578 to operate with up to 32 PCF8579s on the same I2C-bus for very large applications 2. The use of two types of LCD multiplex schemes on the same I2C-bus. Display bytes are written into, or read from, the RAM at the address specified by the data pointer and subaddress counter. Both the data pointer and subaddress counter are automatically incremented, enabling a stream of data to be transferred either to, or from, the intended devices. In most applications the PCF8578 will have the same slave address as the PCF8579. The I2C-bus protocol is shown in Fig.13. All communications are initiated with a start condition (S) from the I2C-bus master, which is followed by the desired slave address and read/write bit. All devices with this slave address acknowledge in parallel. All other devices ignore the bus transfer. In multiple device applications, the hardware subaddress pins of the PCF8579s (A0 to A3) are connected to VSS or VDD to represent the desired hardware subaddress code. If two or more devices share the same slave address, then each device must be allocated a unique hardware subaddress. In WRITE mode (indicated by setting the read/write bit LOW) one or more commands follow the slave address acknowledgement. The commands are also acknowledged by all addressed devices on the bus. The last command must clear the continuation bit C. After the last command a series of data bytes may follow. The acknowledgement after each byte is made only by the (A0, A1, A2 and A3) addressed PCF8579 or PCF8578 with its implicit subaddress 0. After the last data byte has been acknowledged, the I2C-bus master issues a stop condition (P). 1998 Sep 08 19 Philips Semiconductors Product specification LCD row/column driver for dot matrix graphic displays R/ W PCF8578 acknowledge by A0, A1, A2 and A3 selected PCF8578s / PCF8579s only acknowledge by all addressed PCF8578s / PCF8579s slave address S S 0 1 1 1 1 0 A 0 A C 1 byte A COMMAND 0 n DISPLAY DATA 0 byte(s) n P 0 byte(s) MSA830 (a) A update data pointers and if necessary, subaddress counter acknowledge by all addressed PCF8578s / PCF8579s slave address S acknowledge from master slave address S 0 1 1 1 1 0 A 0 A C 0 no acknowledge from master S A COMMAND n S 0 1 1 1 1 0 A 1 A DATA A DATA 0 1 byte n bytes R/ W 1 P last byte R/W at this moment master transmitter becomes a master receiver and PCF8578/PCF8579 slave receiver becomes a slave transmitter update data pointers and if necessary subaddress counter MSA832 (b) acknowledge by all addressed PCF8578s / PCF8579s acknowledge from master no acknowledge from master slave address S S 0 1 1 1 1 0 A 1 A 0 MSA831 R/ W DATA n bytes (c) A DATA 1 P last byte update data pointers and if necessary, subaddress counter Fig.13 (a) Master transmits to slave receiver (WRITE mode); (b) Master reads after sending command string (WRITE commands; READ data); (c) Master reads slave immediately after sending slave address (READ mode). 1998 Sep 08 20 Philips Semiconductors Product specification LCD row/column driver for dot matrix graphic displays 8.1 PCF8578 Command decoder The command decoder identifies command bytes that arrive on the I2C-bus. The most-significant bit of a command is the continuation bit C (see Fig.14). When this bit is set, it indicates that the next byte to be transferred will also be a command. If the bit is reset, it indicates the conclusion of the command transfer. Further bytes will be regarded as display data. Commands are transferred in WRITE mode only. MSB C REST OF OPCODE MSA833 C = 0; last command. C = 1; commands continue. The five commands available to the PCF8578 are defined in Tables 5 and 6. Table 5 LSB Fig.14 General information of command byte. Summary of commands OPCODE(1) COMMAND DESCRIPTION SET MODE C 1 0 D D D D D multiplex rate, display status, system type SET START BANK C 1 1 1 1 1 D D defines bank at top of LCD DEVICE SELECT C 1 1 0 D D D D defines device subaddress RAM ACCESS C 1 1 1 D D D D graphic mode, bank select (D D D D ≥ 12 is not allowed; see SET START BANK opcode) LOAD X-ADDRESS C 0 D D D D D D 0 to 39 Note 1. C = command continuation bit. D = may be a logic 1 or 0. 1998 Sep 08 21 Philips Semiconductors Product specification LCD row/column driver for dot matrix graphic displays Table 6 PCF8578 Definition of PCF8578/PCF8579 commands COMMAND SET MODE OPCODE C 1 0 T OPTIONS E1 E0 M1 M0 see Table 7 1 1 DESCRIPTION defines LCD drive mode see Table 8 defines display status see Table 9 defines system type SET START BANK C 1 1 1 B1 B0 see Table 10 DEVICE SELECT C 1 1 0 A3 A2 A1 A0 see Table 11 four bits of immediate data, bits A0 to A3, are transferred to the subaddress counter to define one of sixteen hardware subaddresses RAM ACCESS C 1 1 1 G1 G0 Y1 Y0 see Table 12 defines the auto-increment behaviour of the address for RAM access see Table 13 LOAD X-ADDRESS 1998 Sep 08 C 0 X5 X4 X3 X2 X1 X0 see Table 14 22 defines pointer to RAM bank corresponding to the top of the LCD; useful for scrolling, pseudo-motion and background preparation of new display two bits of immediate data, bits Y0 to Y1, are transferred to the X-address pointer to define one of forty display RAM columns six bits of immediate data, bits X0 to X5, are transferred to the X-address pointer to define one of forty display RAM columns Philips Semiconductors Product specification LCD row/column driver for dot matrix graphic displays Table 7 PCF8578 Set mode option 1 Table 11 Device select option 1 BITS DESCRIPTION LCD DRIVE MODE M1 M0 1:8 MUX ( 8 rows) 0 1 1 : 16 MUX (16 rows) 1 0 1 : 24 MUX (24 rows) 1 1 1 : 32 MUX (32 rows) 0 0 Table 8 Decimal value 0 to 15 A3 A2 A1 A0 Table 12 RAM access option 1 BITS RAM ACCESS MODE Set mode option 2 BITS DISPLAY STATUS E1 BITS E0 G1 G0 Character 0 0 Half-graphic 0 1 Full-graphic 1 0 Not allowed (note 1) 1 1 Blank 0 0 Note Normal 0 1 1. See opcode for SET START BANK in Table 6. All segments on 1 0 Inverse video 1 1 Table 13 Device select option 1 DESCRIPTION Table 9 Set mode option 3 Decimal value 0 to 3 SYSTEM TYPE Y1 Y0 BIT T PCF8578 row only 0 PCF8578 mixed mode 1 Table 14 Device select option 1 DESCRIPTION Decimal value 0 to 39 Table 10 Set start bank option 1 BITS START BANK POINTER B1 B0 Bank 0 0 0 Bank 1 0 1 Bank 2 1 0 Bank 3 1 1 1998 Sep 08 BITS 23 BITS X5 X4 X3 X2 X1 X0 Philips Semiconductors Product specification LCD row/column driver for dot matrix graphic displays 9 PCF8578 CHARACTERISTICS OF THE I2C-BUS 9.4 The I2C-bus is for bidirectional, two-line communication between different ICs or modules. The two lines are a serial data line (SDA) and a serial clock line (SCL) which must be connected to a positive supply via a pull-up resistor. Data transfer may be initiated only when the bus is not busy. 9.1 The number of data bytes transferred between the start and stop conditions from transmitter to receiver is unlimited. Each data byte of eight bits is followed by one acknowledge bit. The acknowledge bit is a HIGH level put on the bus by the transmitter, whereas the master generates an extra acknowledge related clock pulse. A slave receiver which is addressed must generate an acknowledge after the reception of each byte. Also a master must generate an acknowledge after the reception of each byte that has been clocked out of the slave transmitter. The device that acknowledges must pull down the SDA line during the acknowledge clock pulse, so that the SDA line is stable LOW during the HIGH period of the acknowledge related clock pulse (set-up and hold times must be taken into consideration). A master receiver must signal the end of a data transmission to the transmitter by not generating an acknowledge on the last byte that has been clocked out of the slave. In this event the transmitter must leave the data line HIGH to enable the master to generate a stop condition. Bit transfer One data bit is transferred during each clock pulse. The data on the SDA line must remain stable during the HIGH period of the clock pulse as changes in the data line at this moment will be interpreted as control signals. 9.2 Start and stop conditions Both data and clock lines remain HIGH when the bus is not busy. A HIGH-to-LOW transition of the data line, while the clock is HIGH, is defined as the START condition (S). A LOW-to-HIGH transition of the data line while the clock is HIGH, is defined as the STOP condition (P). 9.3 Acknowledge System configuration A device transmitting a message is a 'transmitter', a device receiving a message is the 'receiver'. The device that controls the message flow is the 'master' and the devices which are controlled by the master are the 'slaves'. SDA SCL change of data allowed data line stable; data valid Fig.15 Bit transfer. 1998 Sep 08 24 MBA607 Philips Semiconductors Product specification LCD row/column driver for dot matrix graphic displays PCF8578 SDA SDA SCL SCL S P START condition STOP condition MBA608 Fig.16 Definition of start and stop condition. SDA SCL MASTER TRANSMITTER / RECEIVER SLAVE TRANSMITTER / RECEIVER SLAVE RECEIVER MASTER TRANSMITTER / RECEIVER MASTER TRANSMITTER MBA605 Fig.17 System configuration. clock pulse for acknowledgement START condition handbook, full pagewidth SCL FROM MASTER 2 1 8 DATA OUTPUT BY TRANSMITTER S DATA OUTPUT BY RECEIVER MBA606 - 1 The general characteristics and detailed specification of the I2C-bus are available on request. Fig.18 Acknowledgement on the I2C-bus. 1998 Sep 08 25 9 Philips Semiconductors Product specification LCD row/column driver for dot matrix graphic displays PCF8578 10 LIMITING VALUES In accordance with the Absolute Maximum Rating System (IEC 134). SYMBOL PARAMETER MIN. MAX. UNIT VDD supply voltage −0.5 +8.0 V VLCD LCD supply voltage VDD − 11 VDD V VI1 input voltage SDA, SCL, CLK, TEST, SA0 and OSC VSS − 0.5 VDD + 0.5 V VI2 input voltage V2 to V5 VLCD − 0.5 VDD + 0.5 V Vo1 output voltage SYNC and CLK VSS − 0.5 VDD + 0.5 V Vo2 output voltage R0 to R7, R8/C8 to R31/C31 and C32 to C39 VLCD − 0.5 VDD + 0.5 V II DC input current −10 mA IO DC output current −10 +10 mA IDD, ISS, ILCD VDD, VSS or VLCD current −50 +50 mA Ptot total power dissipation per package − 400 mW Po power dissipation per output − 100 mW Tstg storage temperature −65 +150 °C +10 11 HANDLING Inputs and outputs are protected against electrostatic discharge in normal handling. However, to be totally safe it is desirable to take normal precautions appropriate to handling MOS devices. Advice can be found in Data Handbook IC12 under “Handling MOS Devices”. 1998 Sep 08 26 Philips Semiconductors Product specification LCD row/column driver for dot matrix graphic displays PCF8578 12 DC CHARACTERISTICS VDD = 2.5 to 6 V; VSS = 0 V; VLCD = VDD − 3.5 V to VDD − 9 V; Tamb = −40 to +85 °C; unless otherwise specified. SYMBOL PARAMETER CONDITIONS MIN. TYP. MAX. UNIT Supplies VDD supply voltage 2.5 − 6.0 VLCD LCD supply voltage VDD − 9 − VDD − 3.5 V IDD1 supply current external clock fCLK = 2 kHz; note 1 − 6 15 µA IDD2 supply current internal clock ROSC = 330 kΩ − 20 50 µA VPOR power-on reset level note 2 0.8 1.3 1.8 V V Logic VIL LOW level input voltage VSS − 0.3VDD V VIH HIGH level input voltage 0.7VDD − VDD V IOL1 LOW level output current at SYNC and CLK VOL = 1 V; VDD = 5 V 1 − − mA IOH1 HIGH level output current at SYNC and CLK VOH = 4 V; VDD = 5 V − − −1 mA IOL2 LOW level output current at SDA VOL = 0.4 V; VDD = 5 V 3 − − mA IL1 leakage current at SDA, SCL, SYNC, Vi = VDD or VSS CLK, TEST and SA0 − − +1 mA IL2 leakage current at OSC Vi = VDD − − +1 µA Ci input capacitance at SCL and SDA note 3 − − 5 pF Vi = VDD or VLCD −2 − +2 µA − ±20 − mV LCD outputs IL3 leakage current at V2 to V5 VDC DC component of LCD drivers R0 to R7, R8/C8 to R31/C31 and C32 to C39 RROW output resistance R0 to R7 and R8/C8 to R31/C31 row mode; note 4 − 1.5 3 kΩ RCOL output resistance R8/C8 to R31/C31 and C32 to C39 column mode; note 4 − 3 6 kΩ Notes 1. Outputs are open; inputs at VDD or VSS; I2C-bus inactive; external clock with 50% duty factor. 2. Resets all logic when VDD < VPOR. 3. Periodically sampled; not 100% tested. 4. Resistance measured between output terminal (R0 to R7, R8/C8 to R31/C31 and C32 to C39) and bias input (V2 to V5, VDD and VLCD) when the specified current flows through one output under the following conditions (see Table 2): a) Vop = VDD − VLCD = 9 V. b) Row mode, R0 to R7 and R8/C8 to R31/C31: V2 − VLCD ≥ 6.65 V; V5 − VLCD ≤ 2.35 V; ILOAD = 150 µA. c) Column mode, R8/C8 to R31/C31 and C32 to C39: V3 − VLCD ≥ 4.70 V; V4 − VLCD ≤ 4.30 V; ILOAD = 100 µA. 1998 Sep 08 27 Philips Semiconductors Product specification LCD row/column driver for dot matrix graphic displays PCF8578 13 AC CHARACTERISTICS All timing values are referenced to VIH and VIL levels with an input voltage swing of VSS to VDD. VDD = 2.5 to 6 V; VSS = 0 V; VLCD = VDD − 3.5 V to VDD − 9 V; Tamb = −40 to +85 °C; unless otherwise specified. SYMBOL PARAMETER CONDITIONS MIN. TYP. MAX. UNIT fCLK1 clock frequency at multiplex rates of 1 : 8, 1 : 16 and 1 : 32 ROSC = 330 kΩ; VDD = 6 V 1.2 2.1 3.3 kHz fCLK2 clock frequency at multiplex rates of 1 : 24 ROSC = 330 kΩ; VDD = 6 V 0.9 1.6 2.5 kHz tPSYNC SYNC propagation delay − − 500 ns tPLCD driver delays VDD − VLCD = 9 V; with test loads − − 100 µs I2C-bus fSCL SCL clock frequency − − 100 kHz tSW tolerable spike width on bus − − 100 ns tBUF bus free time 4.7 − − µs tSU;STA start condition set-up time 4.7 − − µs repeated start codes only tHD;STA start condition hold time 4.0 4.0 − µs tLOW SCL LOW time 4.7 − − µs tHIGH SCL HIGH time 4.0 − − µs tr SCL and SDA rise time − − 1 µs tf SCL and SDA fall time − − 0.3 µs tSU;DAT data set-up time 250 − − ns tHD;DAT data hold time 0 − − ns tSU;STO stop condition set-up time 4.0 − − µs SYNC, CLK 3.3 k Ω C39 to C32, R31/C31 to R8/C8 and R7 to R0 0.5 VDD SDA VDD 1 nF MSA829 Fig.19 AC test loads. 1998 Sep 08 1.5 k Ω 28 Philips Semiconductors Product specification LCD row/column driver for dot matrix graphic displays PCF8578 1/ f CLK 0.7 VDD CLK 0.3 V DD 0.7 VDD SYNC 0.3 V DD t PSYNC t PSYNC 0.5 V C39 to C32, R31/C31 to R8/C8 and R7 to R0 (V DD V LCD = 9 V) 0.5 V t PLCD MSA834 Fig.20 Driver timing waveforms. handbook, full pagewidth SDA t BUF tf t LOW SCL t HD;STA t HD;DAT tr t HIGH t SU;DAT SDA MGA728 t SU;STA Fig.21 I2C-bus timing waveforms. 1998 Sep 08 29 t SU;STO This text is here in white to force landscape pages to be rotated correctly when browsing through the pdf in the Acrobat reader.This text is here in _white to force landscape pages to be rotated correctly when browsing through the pdf in the Acrobat reader.This text is here inThis text is here in white to force landscape pages to be rotated correctly when browsing through the pdf in the Acrobat reader. white to force landscape pages to be ... R2 R3 R4 R5 R6 R7 R8/ R9/ R10/ R11/ R12/ R13/ R14/ R15/ R16/ R17/ R18/ R19/ R20/ R21/ R22/ R23/ R24/ R25/ R26/ R27/ C8 C9 C10 C11 C12 C13 C14 C15 C16 C17 C18 C19 C20 C21 C22 C23 C24 C25 C26 C27 PCF8578 30 SDA SCL SYNC CLK VSS SA0 TEST OSC V DD V2 V3 V4 R31/ R30/ R29/ R28/ V5 VLCD n.c. n.c. C39 C38 C37 C36 C35 C34 C33 C32 C31 C30 C29 C28 LCD row/column driver for dot matrix graphic displays APPLICATION INFORMATION R0 R1 Philips Semiconductors 14 1998 Sep 08 LCD DISPLAY R OSC MSA844 Product specification PCF8578 Fig.22 Stand-alone application using 8 rows and 32 columns. 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R7 b g e one line of 24 digits 7 segment one line of 12 digits star-burst (mux 1:16) Total: 384 segments c dp d LCD R8 R15 12 1 AM R EE DISPLAY RAM PCF8578 C16 C17 ,, ,, , , ,,,, 16 0 FR 31 (Using 1:16 mux, the first character data must be loaded in bank 0 and 1 starting at byte number 16) C39 ,, ,, ,,,, ,, 39 17 Bank 0 1 ALTERNATE DISPLAY BANK (1) ALTERNATE DISPLAY BANK Philips Semiconductors f LCD row/column driver for dot matrix graphic displays 1998 Sep 08 PCF8578: Segment Driver Application a R0 a LSB b f g c e d dp MSB 2 3 MLB423 1-byte Product specification Fig.23 Segment driver application for up to 384 segments. PCF8578 (1) Can be used for creating blinking characters. 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V2 C R C (4 2 3)R V4 R R SA0 32 VSS VSS 40 columns unused columns VSS VLCD VLCD 16) 8 PCF8578 (ROW MODE) V5 C LCD DISPLAY rows V3 C 1:32 multiplex rate 32 x 40 x k dots (k (20480 dots max.) 32 R V DD V DD SDA SCL CLK SYNC VSS V DD V DD VLCD A2 V3 A0 V DD V DD A0 A2 V3 A3 V4 VSS SYNC CLK SCL SDA SA0 A3 V4 VSS SYNC CLK SCL SDA SA0 V4 VSS SYNC CLK SCL SDA SA0 VSS VSS VSS 1 PCF8579 A1 subaddress k 1 VLCD V3 R OSC A0 40 columns subaddress 1 A1 VLCD OSC 40 columns subaddress 0 VSS 2 PCF8579 VSS k PCF8579 A1 Philips Semiconductors V DD C LCD row/column driver for dot matrix graphic displays 1998 Sep 08 V DD A2 A3 VSS V DD SCL SDA MSA845 Product specification PCF8578 Fig.24 Typical LCD driver system with 1 : 32 multiplex rate. 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A0 V DD A0 V DD 40 columns subaddress k 1 V DD 40 columns C 33 V2 C 16 R rows V3 C R C R V4 PCF8578 (ROW MODE) V5 C LCD DISPLAY rows R SA0 V LCD VLCD VSS VSS 8 40 columns unused columns V DD VSS / V DD V DD SDA SCL CLK SYNC 1:16 multiplex rate 16 x 40 x k dots (k (10240 dots max.) 16) A0 V DD V DD 40 columns subaddress 1 A0 V DD V DD VSS SYNC CLK SCL SDA SA0 V4 A3 VSS SYNC CLK SCL SDA SA0 V4 A3 VSS SYNC CLK SCL SDA SA0 VSS VSS VSS VSS VLCD A2 V3 A0 A3 2 PCF8579 A1 subaddress k 1 V3 1 PCF8579 VSS V DD 40 columns subaddress 0 40 columns subaddress 0 V DD A2 V4 VSS 16) A0 V DD VLCD V3 R OSC 1:16 multiplex rate 16 x 40 x k dots (k (10240 dots max.) VSS SA0 SDA SCL CLK SYNC VSS A3 V3 A2 V4 1 PCF8579 A1 VLCD A1 VLCD OSC V DD subaddress 1 16 V DD R V DD VSS SA0 SDA SCL CLK SYNC VSS A3 V3 A2 V4 2 PCF8579 A1 VLCD Philips Semiconductors V DD VSS SA0 SDA SCL CLK SYNC VSS A3 V3 A2 k V4 PCF8579 A1 V LCD LCD row/column driver for dot matrix graphic displays 1998 Sep 08 V DD k PCF8579 A1 A2 VSS V DD SCL SDA MSA847 Product specification PCF8578 Fig.25 Split screen application with 1 : 16 multiplex rate for improved contrast. This text is here in white to force landscape pages to be rotated correctly when browsing through the pdf in the Acrobat reader.This text is here in _white to force landscape pages to be rotated correctly when browsing through the pdf in the Acrobat reader.This text is here inThis text is here in white to force landscape pages to be rotated correctly when browsing through the pdf in the Acrobat reader. white to force landscape pages to be ... SA0 SDA SCL CLK SYNC VSS A3 V3 A2 V4 2 PCF8579 A1 VLCD SA0 SDA SCL CLK SYNC VSS A3 V3 A2 k V4 PCF8579 A1 V LCD A0 V DD V DD 34 C R C R rows V3 PCF8578 (ROW MODE) V5 C R SA0 V LCD VLCD VSS VSS 1:32 multiplex rate 32 x 40 x k dots (k (20480 dots max.) 16) 1:32 multiplex rate 32 x 40 x k dots (k (20480 dots max.) 16) VSS SA0 SDA SCL CLK SYNC VSS A3 V3 A2 V4 1 PCF8579 A1 VLCD A0 V DD V DD V DD 40 columns subaddress 0 32 C V4 40 columns 32 (4 2 3)R R V DD subaddress 1 LCD DISPLAY V2 C A0 V DD 40 columns subaddress k 1 V DD V DD VSS 8 V DD VSS / V DD A1 VLCD A2 V3 A3 VSS SYNC CLK SCL SDA SA0 V4 A3 VSS SYNC CLK SCL SDA SA0 V4 A3 VSS SYNC CLK SCL SDA SA0 R OSC VSS VSS VSS 1 PCF8579 VSS A0 2 PCF8579 V DD V DD subaddress k 1 A0 V DD V DD 40 columns subaddress 1 VLCD V4 VSS 40 columns subaddress 0 V DD V3 OSC SDA SCL CLK SYNC 40 columns unused columns A1 VLCD A2 V3 VSS Philips Semiconductors V DD VSS LCD row/column driver for dot matrix graphic displays 1998 Sep 08 V DD A0 k PCF8579 A1 A2 VSS V DD SCL SDA MSA846 Product specification PCF8578 Fig.26 Split screen application with 1 : 32 multiplex rate. This text is here in white to force landscape pages to be rotated correctly when browsing through the pdf in the Acrobat reader.This text is here in _white to force landscape pages to be rotated correctly when browsing through the pdf in the Acrobat reader.This text is here inThis text is here in white to force landscape pages to be rotated correctly when browsing through the pdf in the Acrobat reader. white to force landscape pages to be ... SDA V DD V LCD R0 (4 2 3)R R R R OSC R R n.c. n.c. LCD DISPLAY PCF8578 Philips Semiconductors LCD row/column driver for dot matrix graphic displays 1998 Sep 08 VSS SCL 35 R31/C31 C0 C27 C28 PCF8579 C39 C0 C27 C28 C39 PCF8579 c. n. c. n. Fig.27 Example of single plane wiring, single screen with 1 : 32 multiplex rate (PCF8578 in row driver mode). PCF8578 MSA852 Product specification to other PCF8579s Philips Semiconductors Product specification LCD row/column driver for dot matrix graphic displays PCF8578 15 CHIP DIMENSIONS AND BONDING PAD LOCATIONS OSC 4.88 mm SA0 TEST VSS CLK SYNC SCL SDA R0 R1 R2 R3 R4 y 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 54 53 52 51 50 8 VDD 9 V2 10 V3 11 V4 12 V5 13 VLCD 14 R5 48 R6 47 R7 46 R8/C8 45 R9/C9 44 R10/C10 43 R11/C11 42 R12/C12 41 R13/C13 40 R14/C14 39 R15/C15 38 R16/C16 37 R17/C17 36 R18/C18 35 R19/C19 34 R20/C20 0 0 C39 15 C38 16 C37 17 C36 18 33 R21/C21 C35 19 32 R22/C22 R31/C31 R30/C30 27 28 29 30 31 R23/C23 C32 26 R24/C24 C33 25 R25/C25 24 R26/C26 23 R27/C27 22 R28/C28 21 R29/C29 20 C34 PCF8578 3.06 mm Chip area: 14.93 mm2. Bonding pad dimensions: 120 µm × 120 µm. The numbers given in the small squares refer to the pad numbers. Fig.28 Bonding pad locations. 1998 Sep 08 49 36 MBH589 x Philips Semiconductors Product specification LCD row/column driver for dot matrix graphic displays PCF8578 Table 15 Bonding pad locations (dimensions in µm) All x/y coordinates are referenced to centre of chip, see Fig.28. PINS PAD NUMBER SYMBOL x y VSO56 LQFP64 1 SDA 174 2241 1 7 2 SCL −30 2241 2 8 3 SYNC −234 2241 3 9 4 CLK −468 2241 4 10 5 VSS −726 2241 5 11 6 TEST −1014 2241 6 12 7 SA0 −1308 2241 7 13 8 OSC −1308 1917 8 16 9 VDD −1308 1113 9 20 10 V2 −1308 873 10 21 11 V3 −1308 663 11 22 12 V4 −1308 459 12 23 13 V5 −1308 255 13 24 14 VLCD −1308 51 14 25 15 C39 −1308 −1149 17 29 16 C38 −1308 −1353 18 30 17 C37 −1308 −1557 19 31 18 C36 −1308 −1773 20 32 19 C35 −1308 −1995 21 33 20 C34 −1308 −2241 22 34 21 C33 −1014 −2241 23 35 22 C32 −726 −2241 24 37 23 R31/C31 −468 −2241 25 38 24 R30/C30 −234 −2241 26 39 25 R29/C29 −30 −2241 27 40 26 R28/C28 174 −2241 28 41 27 R27/C27 468 −2241 29 42 28 R26/C26 672 −2241 30 43 29 R25/C25 876 −2241 31 44 30 R24/C24 1080 −2241 32 45 31 R23/C23 1308 −2241 33 46 32 R22/C22 1308 −1977 34 48 33 R21/C21 1308 −1731 35 49 34 R20/C20 1308 −1515 36 50 35 R19/C19 1308 −1305 37 51 36 R18/C18 1308 −1101 38 52 37 R17/C17 1308 −897 39 53 1998 Sep 08 37 Philips Semiconductors Product specification LCD row/column driver for dot matrix graphic displays PCF8578 PINS PAD NUMBER SYMBOL x y VSO56 LQFP64 38 R16/C16 1308 −693 40 54 39 R15/C15 1308 −489 41 55 40 R14/C14 1308 −285 42 56 41 R13/C13 1308 −81 43 57 42 R12/C12 1308 123 44 58 43 R11/C11 1308 351 45 59 44 R10/C10 1308 603 46 60 45 R9/C9 1308 1101 47 61 46 R8/C8 1308 1305 48 62 47 R7 1308 1515 49 63 48 R6 1308 1731 50 64 49 R5 1308 1977 51 1 50 R4 1308 2241 52 2 51 R3 1080 2241 53 3 52 R2 876 2241 54 4 53 R1 672 2241 55 5 54 R0 468 2241 56 − n.c. − − 15, 16 1998 Sep 08 38 6 14, 15, 17 to 19, 26 to 28, 36, 47 This text is here in white to force landscape pages to be rotated correctly when browsing through the pdf in the Acrobat reader.This text is here in _white to force landscape pages to be rotated correctly when browsing through the pdf in the Acrobat reader.This text is here inThis text is here in white to force landscape pages to be rotated correctly when browsing through the pdf in the Acrobat reader. white to force landscape pages to be ... VSS CLK SYNC SCL SA O R O SC 0 SC SDA A2 A1 A0 0 D V D CLK L A SD SYNC V 3 C SC 2 N R c. LK 1 SY R VSS n. V V 5 LC D ST 0 C S VS A R V4 VLCD TE SD V 4 SA C L SC V V 2 3 LK C V D A3 D ST TE S VS N SY V3 0 V V 4 LC D C SCL 1 C C 38 C 39 SDA Philips Semiconductors V4 VLCD LCD row/column driver for dot matrix graphic displays VDD V3 16 CHIP-ON GLASS INFORMATION 1998 Sep 08 VDD C C 37 C 38 39 39 PCF8578 PCF8579 R0 to R31 C1 C2 MSA850 If inputs SA0 and A0 to A3 are left unconnected they are internally pulled to VDD. Fig.29 Typical chip-on glass application (viewed from the underside of the chip). PCF8578 LCD DISPLAY Product specification C0 Philips Semiconductors Product specification LCD row/column driver for dot matrix graphic displays PCF8578 17 PACKAGE OUTLINES VSO56: plastic very small outline package; 56 leads SOT190-1 D E A X c y HE v M A Z 56 29 Q A2 A (A 3) A1 pin 1 index θ Lp L 1 detail X 28 w M bp e 0 5 10 mm scale DIMENSIONS (inch dimensions are derived from the original mm dimensions) UNIT A max. A1 A2 A3 bp c D (1) E (2) e HE L Lp Q v w y Z (1) mm 3.3 0.3 0.1 3.0 2.8 0.25 0.42 0.30 0.22 0.14 21.65 21.35 11.1 11.0 0.75 15.8 15.2 2.25 1.6 1.4 1.45 1.30 0.2 0.1 0.1 0.90 0.55 0.13 0.012 0.004 0.12 0.11 0.01 0.017 0.0087 0.85 0.012 0.0055 0.84 inches 0.44 0.62 0.0295 0.43 0.60 0.063 0.089 0.055 0.057 0.035 0.008 0.004 0.004 0.051 0.022 θ Note 1. Plastic or metal protrusions of 0.3 mm maximum per side are not included. 2. Plastic interlead protrusions of 0.25 mm maximum per side are not included. OUTLINE VERSION REFERENCES IEC JEDEC EIAJ ISSUE DATE 96-04-02 97-08-11 SOT190-1 1998 Sep 08 EUROPEAN PROJECTION 40 o 7 0o Philips Semiconductors Product specification LCD row/column driver for dot matrix graphic displays PCF8578 LQFP64: plastic low profile quad flat package; 64 leads; body 10 x 10 x 1.4 mm SOT314-2 c y X A 48 33 49 32 ZE e E HE A A2 (A 3) A1 wM θ bp pin 1 index 64 Lp L 17 detail X 16 1 ZD e v M A wM bp D B HD v M B 0 2.5 5 mm scale DIMENSIONS (mm are the original dimensions) UNIT A max. A1 A2 A3 bp c D (1) E (1) e mm 1.60 0.20 0.05 1.45 1.35 0.25 0.27 0.17 0.18 0.12 10.1 9.9 10.1 9.9 0.5 HD HE 12.15 12.15 11.85 11.85 L Lp v w y 1.0 0.75 0.45 0.2 0.12 0.1 Z D (1) Z E (1) θ 1.45 1.05 7 0o 1.45 1.05 o Note 1. Plastic or metal protrusions of 0.25 mm maximum per side are not included. OUTLINE VERSION REFERENCES IEC JEDEC EIAJ ISSUE DATE 95-12-19 97-08-01 SOT314-2 1998 Sep 08 EUROPEAN PROJECTION 41 Philips Semiconductors Product specification LCD row/column driver for dot matrix graphic displays PCF8578 If wave soldering cannot be avoided, for LQFP packages with a pitch (e) larger than 0.5 mm, the following conditions must be observed: 18 SOLDERING 18.1 Introduction There is no soldering method that is ideal for all IC packages. Wave soldering is often preferred when through-hole and surface mounted components are mixed on one printed-circuit board. However, wave soldering is not always suitable for surface mounted ICs, or for printed-circuits with high population densities. In these situations reflow soldering is often used. • A double-wave (a turbulent wave with high upward pressure followed by a smooth laminar wave) soldering technique should be used. This text gives a very brief insight to a complex technology. A more in-depth account of soldering ICs can be found in our “Data Handbook IC26; Integrated Circuit Packages” (order code 9398 652 90011). 18.3.2 18.2 • The footprint must be at an angle of 45° to the board direction and must incorporate solder thieves downstream and at the side corners. Wave soldering techniques can be used for all VSO packages if the following conditions are observed: • A double-wave (a turbulent wave with high upward pressure followed by a smooth laminar wave) soldering technique should be used. Reflow soldering Reflow soldering techniques are suitable for all LQFP and VSO packages. • The longitudinal axis of the package footprint must be parallel to the solder flow. Reflow soldering requires solder paste (a suspension of fine solder particles, flux and binding agent) to be applied to the printed-circuit board by screen printing, stencilling or pressure-syringe dispensing before package placement. • The package footprint must incorporate solder thieves at the downstream end. 18.3.3 Several methods exist for reflowing; for example, infrared/convection heating in a conveyor type oven. Throughput times (preheating, soldering and cooling) vary between 50 and 300 seconds depending on heating method. Typical reflow peak temperatures range from 215 to 250 °C. 18.3 18.3.1 METHOD (LQFP AND VSO) During placement and before soldering, the package must be fixed with a droplet of adhesive. The adhesive can be applied by screen printing, pin transfer or syringe dispensing. The package can be soldered after the adhesive is cured. Maximum permissible solder temperature is 260 °C, and maximum duration of package immersion in solder is 10 seconds, if cooled to less than 150 °C within 6 seconds. Typical dwell time is 4 seconds at 250 °C. Wave soldering LQFP Wave soldering is not recommended for LQFP packages. This is because of the likelihood of solder bridging due to closely-spaced leads and the possibility of incomplete solder penetration in multi-lead devices. A mildly-activated flux will eliminate the need for removal of corrosive residues in most applications. 18.4 Repairing soldered joints Fix the component by first soldering two diagonallyopposite end leads. Use only a low voltage soldering iron (less than 24 V) applied to the flat part of the lead. Contact time must be limited to 10 seconds at up to 300 °C. When using a dedicated tool, all other leads can be soldered in one operation within 2 to 5 seconds between 270 and 320 °C. CAUTION Wave soldering is NOT applicable for all LQFP packages with a pitch (e) equal or less than 0.5 mm. 1998 Sep 08 VSO 42 Philips Semiconductors Product specification LCD row/column driver for dot matrix graphic displays PCF8578 19 DEFINITIONS Data sheet status Objective specification This data sheet contains target or goal specifications for product development. Preliminary specification This data sheet contains preliminary data; supplementary data may be published later. Product specification This data sheet contains final product specifications. Limiting values Limiting values given are in accordance with the Absolute Maximum Rating System (IEC 134). Stress above one or more of the limiting values may cause permanent damage to the device. These are stress ratings only and operation of the device at these or at any other conditions above those given in the Characteristics sections of this specification is not implied. Exposure to limiting values for extended periods may affect device reliability. Application information Where application information is given, it is advisory and does not form part of the specification. 20 LIFE SUPPORT APPLICATIONS These products are not designed for use in life support appliances, devices, or systems where malfunction of these products can reasonably be expected to result in personal injury. Philips customers using or selling these products for use in such applications do so at their own risk and agree to fully indemnify Philips for any damages resulting from such improper use or sale. 21 PURCHASE OF PHILIPS I2C COMPONENTS Purchase of Philips I2C components conveys a license under the Philips’ I2C patent to use the components in the I2C system provided the system conforms to the I2C specification defined by Philips. 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The information presented in this document does not form part of any quotation or contract, is believed to be accurate and reliable and may be changed without notice. No liability will be accepted by the publisher for any consequence of its use. Publication thereof does not convey nor imply any license under patent- or other industrial or intellectual property rights. Printed in The Netherlands 415106/750/04/pp44 Date of release: 1998 Sep 08 Document order number: 9397 750 04312