ATMEL T4260-ILQH

Features
•
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•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
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AM/FM Tuner Front End with Integrated PLL
AM Up-conversion System (AM-IF: 10.7 MHz)
FM Down-conversion System (FM-IF: 10.7 MHz)
IF Frequencies up to 25 MHz
Fine-tuning Steps: AM = 1 kHz and FM = 50 kHz/25 kHz/12.5 kHz
Fast Fractional PLL (Lock Time < 1 ms) Inclusive Spurious Compensation
Fast RF-AGC, Programmable in 1-dB Steps
Fast IF-AGC, Programmable in 2-dB Steps
Fast Frequency Change by 2 Programmable N-divider
Two DACs for Automatic Tuner Alignment
High S/N Ratio
3-wire Bus (Enable, Clock and Data; 3V and 5V Microcontrollers-compatible)
1. Description
AM/FM Front
End IC
T4260
The T4260 is an advanced AM/FM receiver with integrated fast PLL as a single-chip
solution based on Atmel®’s high-performance BICMOS II technology. The low-impedance driver at the IF output is designed for the A/D of a digital IF. The fast tuning
concept realized in this part is based on patents held by Atmel and allows lock times
less than 1 ms for a jump over the FM band with a step width of 12.5 kHz. The AM
up-conversion and the FM down-conversion allows an economic filter concept. An
automatic tuner alignment is provided by built-in DACs for gain and offset compensation. The frequency range of the IC covers the FM broadcasting band as well as the
AM band. The low current consumption helps the designers to achieve economic
power consumption concepts and helps to keep the power dissipation in the tuner low.
4528M–AUDR–03/08
Figure 1-1.
Block Diagram
MXFMOB
MXAMOA
MXFMOA
MXAMOB
43
44
40
39
IFAGCFM
IFAGCA2
IFOUTA
IFOUTB
IFAGCA1
IFINAM
IFREF
ININFM
34
35
29 30
36
31 10
32
41
37
RF/IF
SUPPLY
38
14
MXFMIA
4
MXFMIB
5
GNDRF
MXAMIB
RFAGCA1
42
RFAGCFM
33
RFAGCA2
AMAGCO
FMAGCO
15
PLL
SUPPLY
7
8
VRT
GNDT
VRVCO
AGC
6
MXAMIA
VST
26
28
DIV
23
AGC
BUS
12
FM
AM
SW-AMLF
PD
25
DATA
11
SW2/AGC
2
1
R DIV
EN
CLK
9
N DIV
VRPLL
GNDPLL
24
13
3
VSPLL
SW1
DAC2
DAC1
VCO
22
OSCBUF
2
21 20 19
OSCE
OSCB
OSCGND
27
16
REFFREQ
FMLF
17
AMLF
18
VTUNE
T4260
4528M–AUDR–03/08
T4260
2. Pin Configuration
Figure 2-1.
Pinning SSO44
DAC1
DAC2
FMAGCO
MXFMIA
MXFMIB
GNDRF
MXAMIB
MXAMIA
AMAGCO
IFAGCA2
SW2/AGC
RFAGCA2
SW1
VRVCO
VSPLL
FMLF
AMLF
VTUNE
OSCGND
OSCE
OSCB
OSCBUF
Table 2-1.
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
44
43
42
41
40
39
38
37
36
35
34
33
32
31
30
29
28
27
26
25
24
23
MXFMOB
MXFMOA
RFAGCA1
VST
MXAMOA
MXAMOB
GNDT
VRT
IFINFM
IFINAM
IFREF
RFAGCFM
IFAGCA1
IFAGCFM
IFOUTA
IFOUTB
GNDPLL
REFFREQ
VRPLL
DATA
CLK
EN
Pin Description
Pin
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
Symbol
DAC1
DAC2
FMAGCO
MXFMIA
MXFMIB
GNDRF
MXAMIB
MXAMIA
AMAGCO
IFAGCA2
SW2/AGC
RFAGCA2
SW1
VRVCO
VSPLL
FMLF
AMLF
VTUNE
OSCGND
OSCE
Function
DAC1 output
DAC2 output
FM AGC current
FM mixer input A
FM mixer input B
RF ground
AM mixer input B
AM mixer input A
AM AGC current
AM IF-AGC filter 2
Switch 2/AM AGC voltage
RF AM-AGC filter 2
Switching output 1
VCO reference voltage
PLL supply voltage
FM loop filter
AM loop filter
Tuning voltage
Oscillator ground
Oscillator emitter
3
4528M–AUDR–03/08
Table 2-1.
Pin Description (Continued)
Pin
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
33
34
35
36
37
38
39
40
41
42
43
44
Symbol
OSCB
OSCBUF
EN
CLK
DATA
VRPLL
REFFREQ
GNDPLL
IFOUTB
IFOUTA
IFAGCFM
IFAGCA1
RFAGCFM
IFREF
IFINAM
IFINFM
VRT
GNDT
MXAMOB
MXAMOA
VST
RFAGCA1
MXFMOA
MXFMOB
Function
Oscillator base
Oscillator buffer output/input
3-wire bus Enable
3-wire bus Clock
3-wire bus Data
PLL reference voltage
PLL reference frequency
PLL ground
IF output B
IF output A
FM IF-AGC filter
AM IF-AGC filter 1
RF FM-AGC filter
IF amplifier reference input
IF amplifier AM input
IF amplifier FM input
Tuner reference voltage
Tuner ground
AM mixer output B
AM mixer output A
Tuner supply voltage
RF AM-AGC filter 1
FM mixer output A
FM mixer output B
3. Functional Description
The T4260 implements an AM up-conversion reception path from the RF input signal to the IF
output signal. A VCO and an LO prescaler for AM are integrated to generate the LO frequency to
the AM mixer. The FM reception path generates the same LO frequency from the RF input signal by a down-conversion to the IF output. The IF A/D output is designed for digital signal
processing. The IF can be chosen in the range of 10 MHz to 25 MHz. Automatic gain control
(AGC) circuits are implemented to control the preamplifier stages in the AM and FM reception
paths.
For improved performance, the PLL has an integrated special 2-bit shift fractional logic with spurious suppression that enables fast frequency changes in AM and FM mode by a low step
frequency (fPDF). In addition, two programmable DACs (Digital to Analog Converter) support the
alignment via a microcontroller.
For a double-tuner concept, external voltage can be applied at the input of the DACs, the internal PLL can switched off and the OSC buffer (output) can also be used as input.
Several register bits (bit 0 to bit 145) are used to control the circuit’s operation and to adapt certain circuit parameters to the specific application. The control bits are organized in four 8-bit, four
16-bit and three 24-bit registers that can be programmed by the 3-wire bus protocol. The bus
protocol and the bit-to-register mapping is described in Section 8. “3-wire Bus Description” on
page 10. The meaning of the control bits is mentioned in the following sections.
4
T4260
4528M–AUDR–03/08
T4260
4. Absolute Maximum Ratings
Stresses beyond those listed under “Absolute Maximum Ratings” may cause permanent damage to the device. This is a stress rating
only and functional operation of the device at these or any other conditions beyond those indicated in the operational sections of this
specification is not implied. Exposure to absolute maximum rating conditions for extended periods may affect device reliability.
All voltages are referred to GND
Parameters
Analog supply voltage, pins 15 and 41
Symbol
Value
Unit
VST, VSPLL
10
V
Ptot
1.0
W
Ambient temperature range
Tamb
–40 to +85
°C
Storage temperature range
Tstg
–40 to +150
°C
Tj
150
°C
Symbol
Value
Unit
RthJA
52
K/W
Maximum power consumption
Junction temperature
5. Thermal Resistance
Parameters
Junction ambient, soldered to PCB
6. Operating Range
Parameters
(1)
Supply voltage range , pins 15 and 41
Symbol
Min.
Typ.
Max.
Unit
VST, VSPLL
8
8.5
10
V
Tamb
–40
85
°C
Rfi
60
175
MHz
Ambient temperature
Oscillator frequency, pin 21
Note:
1. VST and VSPLL must have the same voltage.
7. Electrical Characteristics
Test conditions (unless otherwise specified): VST/VSPLL = +8.5V, Tamb = +25°C
No.
Parameters
1
Power Supply
1.1
Supply voltage
1.2
Supply current
2
Test Conditions
AM and FM mode,
VS = 10V
Pin
Symbol
Min.
Typ.
Max.
Unit
Type*
15,
41
VS
8
8.5
10
V
C
15,
41
IS
70
85
110
mA
A
PLL Divider
2.1
Programmable
R-divider
14-bit register
3
16383
A
2.2
Programmable (VCO)
N-divider
(1 kHz step frequency)
2-bit × 18-bit register
switchable via bit 5
3
262143
A
2.3
Reference oscillator
input voltage
f = 0.1 MHz to 3 MHz
2.4
Reference frequency
FM
AM
27
100
120
120
mVrms
150
2850
10000
10000
B
kHz
kHz
*) Type means: A = 100% tested, B = 100% correlation tested, C = Characterized on samples, D = Design parameter
Note:
1. Minimum and maximum limits are characterized for entire temperature range (–40°C to +85°C) but are tested at +25°C
5
4528M–AUDR–03/08
7. Electrical Characteristics (Continued)
Test conditions (unless otherwise specified): VST/VSPLL = +8.5V, Tamb = +25°C
No.
Parameters
Test Conditions
2.5
Settling time in FM mode
(switching from
87.5 MHz to 108 MHz
or vice versa)
fPD = 50 kHz
IPD = 2 mA
3
Pin
Symbol
Min.
Typ.
Max.
1
Unit
Type*
ms
B
AMLF/FMLF
3.1
Output current 1
FMLF, AMLF = 1.8V
16,
17
40
50
60
µA
A(1)
3.2
Output current 2
FMLF, AMLF = 1.8V
16,
17
80
100
120
µA
A(1)
3.3
Output current 3
FMLF, AMLF = 1.8V
16,
17
850
1000
1250
µA
A(1)
3.4
Output current 4
FMLF, AMLF = 1.8V
16,
17
1650
2000
2450
µA
A(1)
3.5
Leakage current
FMLF, AMLF = 1.8V
16,
17
10
nA
A(1)
400
mV
C
4
VTUNE
4.1
Saturation voltage
LOW
VSATL = VTUNEMIN
18
VSATL
4.2
Saturation voltage
HIGH
VSATH =
VSPLL - VTUNEMAX
18
VSATH
500
mV
C
1, 2
IDAC1,2
1
mA
D
1, 2
VDAC1,2
100
200
5
DAC1, DAC2
5.1
Output current
5.2
Output voltage
VS – 0.6
V
A
5.3
Maximum offset range
Offset = 0, gain = 58
1, 2
0.9
0.98
1.1
V
A(1)
5.4
Minimum offset range
Offset = 127, gain = 58
1, 2
–0.9
–0.98
–1.1
V
A(1)
5.5
Maximum gain range
Gain = 255, offset = 64
1, 2
2.06
2.09
2.13
–
A(1)
5.6
Minimum gain range
Gain = 0, offset = 64
1, 2
0.63
0.67
0.73
–
A(1)
21
60
170
MHz
B
21
60
140
MHz
A
22
150
mVrms
C
22
100
mVrms
C
150
mVrms
A
MHz
B
6
Oscillator
6.1
Frequency range
6.2
Fractional frequency
range
6.3
Buffer output
6.4
Buffer input
6.5
Input voltage
7
7.1
0.3
Fractional mode
Slave mode
21
VOSC
FM Mixer
Frequency range
75
163
7.2
Input IP3
133
dBµV
C
7.3
Input impedance
3.5
kΩ
D
7.4
Input capacitance
pF
D
7.5
Noise figure
dB
C
7.6
Conversion
transconductance
ms
D(1)
4
F
14
2.6
3.1
3.6
*) Type means: A = 100% tested, B = 100% correlation tested, C = Characterized on samples, D = Design parameter
Note:
6
1. Minimum and maximum limits are characterized for entire temperature range (–40°C to +85°C) but are tested at +25°C
T4260
4528M–AUDR–03/08
T4260
7. Electrical Characteristics (Continued)
Test conditions (unless otherwise specified): VST/VSPLL = +8.5V, Tamb = +25°C
No.
8
Parameters
Pin
Symbol
Min.
Typ.
Max.
Unit
Type*
26
MHz
B
dBµV
C
2.5
kΩ
D
10
dB
C
mS
D(1)
AM Mixer (Symmetrical Input)
8.1
Frequency range
8.2
Input IP3
8.3
Input impedance
8.4
Noise figure
8.5
Conversion
transconductance
9
Test Conditions
0.075
133
F
2.6
3.1
3.6
Isolation
9.1
Isolation AM-FM
40
dB
C
9.2
IF suppression
40
dB
C
10
RF-AGC
MHz
MHz
A
10.1
Frequency range
FM
AM
10.2
Output current
FM
AM
5
5
mA
mA
B
10.3
Output current time
constant
FM rising
FM falling
AM symmetrical
2
50
40
ms
ms
ms
C
10.4
RF-AGC AM threshold
(programmable with
bit 12 - bit 15)
75
0.075
163
26
88 dBµV
42
87
88
90
dBµV
A(1)
89 dBµV
42
88
89
91
dBµV
A(1)
90 dBµV
42
89
90
92
dBµV
A(1)
91 dBµV
42
90
91
93
dBµV
A(1)
92 dBµV
42
91
92
94
dBµV
A(1)
93 dBµV
42
92
93
95
dBµV
A(1)
94 dBµV
42
93
94
96
dBµV
A(1)
95 dBµV
42
94
95
97
dBµV
A(1)
96 dBµV
42
95
96
98
dBµV
A(1)
97 dBµV
42
96
97
99
dBµV
A(1)
98 dBµV
42
97
98
100
dBµV
A(1)
99 dBµV
42
98
99
101
dBµV
A(1)
100 dBµV
42
99
100
102
dBµV
A(1)
101 dBµV
42
100
101
103
dBµV
A(1)
102 dBµV
42
101
102
104
dBµV
A(1)
103 dBµV
42
102
103
107
dBµV
A(1)
*) Type means: A = 100% tested, B = 100% correlation tested, C = Characterized on samples, D = Design parameter
Note:
1. Minimum and maximum limits are characterized for entire temperature range (–40°C to +85°C) but are tested at +25°C
7
4528M–AUDR–03/08
7. Electrical Characteristics (Continued)
Test conditions (unless otherwise specified): VST/VSPLL = +8.5V, Tamb = +25°C
No.
10.5
11
Parameters
RF-AGC FM threshold
(programmable with
bit 12 - bit 15)
Test Conditions
Pin
91 dBµV
Symbol
Min.
Typ.
Max.
Unit
Type*
33
90
91
93
dBµV
A(1)
92 dBµV
33
91
92
95
dBµV
A(1)
93 dBµV
33
92
93
96
dBµV
A(1)
94 dBµV
33
93
94
96
dBµV
A(1)
95 dBµV
33
94
95
98
dBµV
A(1)
96 dBµV
33
95
96
99
dBµV
A(1)
97 dBµV
33
96
97
102
dBµV
A(1)
98 dBµV
33
97
98
101
dBµV
A(1)
99 dBµV
33
98
99
102
dBµV
A(1)
100 dBµV
33
99
100
104
dBµV
A(1)
101 dBµV
33
100
101
104
dBµV
A(1)
102 dBµV
33
101
102
105
dBµV
A(1)
103 dBµV
33
102
103
106
dBµV
A(1)
104 dBµV
33
103
104
107
dBµV
A(1)
105 dBµV
33
104
105
108
dBµV
A(1)
106 dBµV
33
105
106
109
dBµV
A(1)
25
MHz
A
117
dBµV
B
IF Amplifier
11.1
Frequency range
11.2
Output voltage
11.3
Distortion
(2-tone IM3)
f1 = 10.7 MHz
f2 = 10.75 MHz
RL = 2 × 300Ω
55
dB
A
11.4
Gain (programmable in
2-dB steps)
Minimum gain
Maximum gain
12
42
dB
dB
A
11.5
Input impedance
FM
AM
330
2500
Ω
Ω
D
12
12.1
10
36,
35
IF-AGC
IF-AGC
AM/FM threshold
(programmable with bit 0
- bit 2)
12.2
AGC dynamic range
12.3
AGC time constant
(external capacity
≤ 100 nF)
109 dBµV
29/30
108
109
112
dBµV
A(1)
111 dBµV
29/30
110
111
114
dBµV
A(1)
113 dBµV
29/30
111
113
115
dBµV
A(1)
115 dBµV
29/30
113
115
117
dBµV
A(1)
117 dBµV
29/30
116
117
121
dBµV
A(1)
118 dBµV
29/30
117
118
122
dBµV
A(1)
119 dBµV
29/30
118
119
123
dBµV
A(1)
121 dBµV
29/30
120
121
126
dBµV
A(1)
40
dB
B
16
4
200
µs
ms
ms
D
FM rising
FM falling
AM symmetrical
*) Type means: A = 100% tested, B = 100% correlation tested, C = Characterized on samples, D = Design parameter
Note:
8
1. Minimum and maximum limits are characterized for entire temperature range (–40°C to +85°C) but are tested at +25°C
T4260
4528M–AUDR–03/08
T4260
7. Electrical Characteristics (Continued)
Test conditions (unless otherwise specified): VST/VSPLL = +8.5V, Tamb = +25°C
No.
Parameters
13
IF Gain
13.1
IF gain
(programmable with bit 6
- bit 9)
14
SWO1 (Open Drain)
14.1
Output voltage LOW
14.2
Output leakage current
HIGH
14.3
Maximum output voltage
15
Min.
Typ.
Max.
Unit
Type*
12 dB
9
12
14
dB
A(1)
14 dB
12
14
16
dB
A(1)
16 dB
14
16
18
dB
A(1)
18 dB
17
18
20
dB
C(1)
20 dB
17
20
22
dB
A(1)
22 dB
19
22
24
dB
C(1)
24 dB
21
24
26
dB
C(1)
26 dB
23
26
28
dB
C(1)
28 dB
25
28
30
dB
A(1)
30 dB
27
30
32
dB
C(1)
32 dB
29
32
34
dB
C(1)
34 dB
31
34
36
dB
C(1)
36 dB
33
36
38
dB
C(1)
38 dB
35
38
40
dB
C(1)
40 dB
37
40
42
dB
C(1)
42 dB
39
42
44
dB
A(1)
100
160
200
mV
A
10
µA
A
V
C
200
mV
A
10
µA
A
V
C
5.3
+0.8
V
V
A
A
1.0
MHz
B
ns
ns
C
C
I = 1 mA,
VSWO1 = 8.5V
Pin
Symbol
13
VSWOL
13
IOHL
13
8.5
SW2/AGC (Open Drain in Switch Mode)
15.1
Output voltage LOW
15.2
Output leakage current
HIGH
15.3
Maximum output voltage
16
Test Conditions
I = 1 mA,
V11 = 6 V
11
VSWOL
11
IOHL
100
11
160
6
3-wire Bus, ENABLE, DATA, CLOCK
16.1
Input voltage
16.2
Clock frequency
High
Low
VBUS
VBUS
2.7
-0.3
24
tH
tL
250
250
23-25
24
16.3
Period of CLK
16.4
Rise time EN, DATA,
CLK
23-25
tR
400
ns
C
16.5
Fall time EN, DATA, CLK
23-25
tF
100
ns
C
16.6
Set-up time
23-25
tS
100
ns
C
16.7
Hold time EN
23
tHEN
250
ns
C
16.8
Hold time DATA
25
tHDA
0
ns
C
*) Type means: A = 100% tested, B = 100% correlation tested, C = Characterized on samples, D = Design parameter
Note:
1. Minimum and maximum limits are characterized for entire temperature range (–40°C to +85°C) but are tested at +25°C
9
4528M–AUDR–03/08
8. 3-wire Bus Description
The register settings of the T4260 are programmed by a 3-wire bus protocol. The bus protocol
consists of separate commands. A defined number of bits is transmitted sequentially during
each command.
One command is used to program all bits of one register. The different registers available (see
chapter “3-wire Bus Data Transfer” on page 12) are addressed by the length of the command
(number of transmitted bits) and by two address bits that are unique to each register of a given
length. 8-bit registers are programmed by 8-bit commands, 16-bit registers are programmed by
16-bit commands and 24-bit registers are programmed by 24-bit commands.
Each bus command starts with a falling edge on the enable line (EN) and ends with a rising edge
on EN. EN has to be kept LOW during the bus command.
The sequence of transmitted bits during one command starts with the MSB of the first byte and
ends with the LSB of the last byte of the register addressed. To transmit one bit (0/1), DATA has
to be set to the appropriate value (LOW/HIGH) and a LOW-to-HIGH transition has to be performed on the clock line (CLK) while DATA is valid. The DATA is evaluated at the rising edges of
CLK. The number of LOW-to-HIGH transitions on CLK during the LOW period of EN is used to
determine the length of the command.
Figure 8-1.
3-wire Pulse Diagram
8-bit command
EN
DATA
MSB
LSB
BYTE 1
CLK
16-bit command
EN
DATA
BYTE 1
MSB
LSB MSB
BYTE 2
LSB
CLK
24-bit command
EN
DATA
LSB MSB
BYTE 1
MSB
BYTE 2
LSB MSB
BYTE 3
LSB
CLK
e.g. R-divider
27
26
25
24
23
22
21
20
X
R-Divider
10
X
213
212
211
210
29
28
1
0
Addr.
PDFM
PDAM
Fract.
23
22
21
20
VCO-Divider
T4260
4528M–AUDR–03/08
T4260
Figure 8-2.
3-wire Bus Timing Diagram
tF
tR
VHigh
Enable
tHEN
tS
tR
VLow
tF
VHigh
Data
VLow
tHDA
tS
tF
tR
VHigh
Clock
VLow
tH
tL
11
4528M–AUDR–03/08
9. 3-wire Bus Data Transfer
Table 9-1.
Control Registers
A24_10
MSB
BYTE 1
LSB
MSB
BYTE 2
R-Divider
LSB
MSB
BYTE 3
LSB
PDAM/ FractioADDR.
PDFM
nal
R-Divider
27
26
25
24
23
22
21
20
x
x
213
212
211
210
29
28
1
0
1/0
0/1
131
130
129
128
127
126
125
124
139
138
137
136
135
134
133
132
x
x
145
144
Divider VCO
23
22
21
20
143 142 141 140
A24_01
MSB
BYTE 1
LSB
MSB
BYTE 2
N2-Divider
LSB
N2-Divider
MSB
BYTE 3
ADDR.
LSB
x
x
x
x
0(1)
N2-Divider
27
26
25
24
23
22
21
20
215
214
213
212
211
210
29
28
0
1
0(1)
0(1)
0(1)
109
108
107
106
105
104
103
102
117
116
115
114
113
112
111
110
x
x
123
122
121 120 119 118
LSB
MSB
Note:
217
216
1. Value has to be 0.
A24_00
MSB
BYTE 1
BYTE 2
N1-Divider
LSB
N1-Divider
MSB
BYTE 3
ADDR.
LSB
x
x
x
x
N1-Divider
27
26
25
24
23
22
21
20
215
214
213
212
211
210
29
28
0
0
0(1)
0(1)
0(1)
0(1)
217
216
87
86
85
84
83
82
81
80
95
94
93
92
91
90
89
88
x
x
101
100
99
98
97
96
Note:
1. Value has to be 0.
A16_11
MSB
BYTE 1
LSB
DAC2-Gain
MSB
BYTE 2
LSB
ADDR.
27
26
25
24
23
22
21
20
1
1
x
x
x
x
x
x
73
72
71
70
69
68
67
66
x
x
79
78
77
76
75
74
A16_10
MSB
BYTE 1
LSB
DAC2-Offset
MSB
ADDR.
BYTE 2
SWAMLF
LSB
Osc.- Low c. High
SWBuffer CP
c.CP impulse
x
26
25
24
23
22
21
20
1
0
1=
standard
ON/
OFF
59
58
57
56
55
54
53
52
x
x
65
64
LSB
MSB
HI/ LO HI/ LO
63
62
SWwire
ON/
OFF
ON/
OFF
61
60
A16_01
MSB
BYTE 1
DAC1-Gain
BYTE 2
LSB
1 = SW2 SW2
SW1
0 = AGC 1 = low 1 = low
ADDR.
27
26
25
24
23
22
21
20
0
1
x
x
x
1/0
1/0
1/0
45
44
43
42
41
40
39
38
x
x
51
50
49
48
47
46
12
T4260
4528M–AUDR–03/08
T4260
A16_00
MSB
BYTE 1
LSB
DAC1-Offset
MSB
BYTE 2
LSB
ADDR.
x
x
x
x
x
SHIFT
x
26
25
24
23
22
21
20
0
0
0
0
0
0
0(1)
1/0
31
30
29
28
27
26
25
24
x
x
37
36
35
34
33
32
Note:
1. Value has to be 0.
A8_11
MSB
ADDR.
BYTE 1
LSB
Delay time high Delay time
cur. CP2
high cur. CP1
x
HCDEL
1
1
ON/
OFF
HI/LO
ON/
OFF
HI/
LO
0(1)
1/0
x
x
23
22
21
20
19
18
Note:
1. Value has to be 0.
A8_10
MSB
ADDR.
BYTE 1
LSB
AM/FM IF-AGC
RF-AGC
1
0
1/0
1/0
23
22
21
20
x
x
17
16
15
14
13
12
IF-IN
VCO
A8_01
MSB
ADDR.
BYTE 1
LSB
IF-Gain
0
1
AM/FM
HI/LO
23
22
21
20
x
x
11
10
9
8
7
6
A8_00
MSB
ADDR.
BYTE 1
N2/N1
PLL
ON/
OFF
PD TE/
PD
LSB
IF-AGC
0
0
1/0
1/0
0(1)
22
21
20
x
x
5
4
3
2
1
0
Note:
1. Value has to be 0.
13
4528M–AUDR–03/08
10. Bus Control
10.1
IF-AGC
The IF-AGC controls the level of the IF signal that is passed to the external ceramic filter and the
IF input (AM pin 35 or FM pin 36 and pin 34). In AM mode the time constant can be selected by
the external capacitors at pin 32 (IFAGCA1) and pin 10 (IFAGCA2) and in FM mode by an external capacitor at pin 31 (IFAGCFM). In AM mode, the double pole (by the capacitors at pin 32 and
pin 10) allows a better harmonic distortion by a lower time constant.
The IF-AGC threshold can be controlled by setting bits 0 to 2 as given in Table 10-1.
Table 10-1.
IF-AGC Threshold
IF-AGC
B2
B1
B0
109 dBµV
0
0
0
111 dBµV
0
0
1
113 dBµV
0
1
0
115 dBµV
0
1
1
117 dBµV
1
0
0
118 dBµV
1
0
1
119 dBµV
1
1
0
121 dBµV
1
1
1
The IF-AGC ON/OFF can be controlled by bit 16 as given in Table 10-2.
Table 10-2.
10.2
IF-AGC
IF-AGC ON/OFF
B16
IF-AGC ON
0
IF-AGC OFF
1
PD Test
A special test mode for PD is implemented for final production test only. This mode is activated
by setting bit 3 = 1. This mode is not intended to be used by customer application. For normal
operation bit 3 has to be set to 0.
Table 10-3.
14
PD-Test Mode
PD TE/PD
B3
Pin 17 = AMLF output (standard)
0
Pin 17 = PD Test mode
1
T4260
4528M–AUDR–03/08
T4260
10.3
N1/N2
The N2/N1 bit controls the active N-divider. Only one of the two N-Divider can be active. The
N1-Divider is activated by setting bit 5 = 0, the N2-Divider by setting bit 5 = 1.
Table 10-4.
10.4
N-Divider
N2/N1
B5
N1-divider active
0
N2-divider active
1
IF Amplifier
The IF gain amplifier can be used in AM and FM mode to compensate the loss of the external
ceramic bandfilters.
The IF gain can be controlled in 2-dB steps by setting bit 6 to bit 9 as given in Table 10-5.
Table 10-5.
IF Gain
IF Gain
B9
B8
B7
B6
12 dB
0
0
0
0
14 dB
0
0
0
1
16 dB
0
0
1
0
18 dB
0
0
1
1
20 dB
0
1
0
0
...
...
...
...
...
40 dB
1
1
1
0
42 dB
1
1
1
1
The selection of the IF amplifier input can be controlled by bit 11 as given in Table 10-6.
Table 10-6.
IF-IN Operating Mode
IF-IN AM/FM
B11
IF-IN FM
0
IF-IN AM
1
The AM input (pin 35) has an input impedance of 2.5 kΩ for matching with a crystal filter. The FM
input (pin 36) has an input impedance of 330Ω for matching with a ceramic filter.
10.5
VCO
The VCO HI/LO function is controlled by means of bit 10.
Table 10-7.
VCO Operating Mode
VCO HI/LO
B10
VCO high current
0
VCO low current
1
15
4528M–AUDR–03/08
10.6
RF-AGC
The AM and FM RF-AGC controls the current into the AM and FM pin diodes (FM pin 3 and AM
pin 9) to limit the level at the AM or FM mixer input. If the level at the AM or FM mixer input
exceeds the selected threshold, then the current into the AM or FM pin diodes increases. If this
step is not sufficient in AM mode, the source drain voltage of the MOSFET (pin 11) can be
decreased. In AM mode, the time constants can be selected by the external capacitors at pin 42
(RFAGCA1) and at pin 12 (RFAGCAM2) and in FM mode by an external capacitor at pin 33
(RFAGCFM). In AM mode, the double pole (by the capacitors at pin 42 and pin 12) allows a better harmonic distortion by a higher time constant.
The RF-AGC can be controlled in 1-dB steps by setting the bits 12 to 15. The values for FM and
AM are controlled by bit 17.
Table 10-8.
10.7
RF-AGC
RF-AGC AM
RF-AGC FM
B15
B14
B13
B12
88 dBµV
91 dBµV
0
0
0
0
89 dBµV
92 dBµV
0
0
0
1
90 dBµV
93 dBµV
0
0
1
0
91 dBµV
94 dBµV
0
0
1
1
92 dBµV
95 dBµV
0
1
0
0
...
...
...
...
...
...
102 dBµV
105 dBµV
1
1
1
0
103 dBµV
106 dBµV
1
1
1
1
Reception Mode
There are two different operation modes, AM and FM, which are selected by means of bit 17 and
bit 145 according to Table 9-1 on page 12 and Table 10-1 on page 14. In AM mode (bit 17 = 1),
the AM mixer, the AM RF-AGC, the AM divider (prescaler) and the IF AM amplifier (input at
pin 35) are activated. In FM mode (bit 17 = 0), the FM mixer, the FM RF-AGC and the IF FM
amplifier (input at pin 36) are activated.
In AM or FM reception mode, bit 145 has to be set to the corresponding mode. The buffer amplifier input can be connected to pin 16 (with the external FM loop filter) by bit 145 = 0 and to pin 17
(with the external AM loopfilter) by bit 145 = 1.
The AM/FM function for the tuner part is controlled by bit 17 as given in Table 10-9.
Table 10-9.
16
Tuner Operating Modes
AM/FM
B17
FM
0
AM
1
T4260
4528M–AUDR–03/08
T4260
10.8
PLL
The PLL can switch off by bit 4 = 0. In this case, the N-Divider input signal is internally connected
to ground.
Table 10-10. PLL Mode
10.9
PLL ON/OFF
B4
PLL OFF
0
PLL ON
1
HCDEL
There are two registers, HCDEL 1 (bits 20 and 21) and HCDEL 2 (bits 22 and 23), to control the
delay time of the high-current charge pump and to deactivate them. bit 18 (HCDEL) determines
whether register HCDEL 1 or 2 is used.
Table 10-11. High-current Charge Pump Delay Time Register
HCDEL 1/2 Select Mode
HCDEL (B18)
HCDEL 1
0
HCDEL 2
1
If bits 20 and 21 (HCDEL 1) or bits 22 and 23 (HDCEL 2) are both set to 0, then the high-current
charge pump is deactivated. Otherwise, the delay time can be selected as described in Table
10-12.
Table 10-12. Delay Time of HCDEL Register
High-current Charge Pump
B21/B23
B20/B22
OFF
0
0
Delay time 5 ns
0
1
Delay time 10 ns
1
0
Delay time 15 ns
1
1
17
4528M–AUDR–03/08
10.10 2-bit Shift
A divider 2-bit shift (bit 32 = 0) allows faster frequency changes by using a four times higher step
frequency (e.g., fPDF = 50 kHz instead of fPDF = 12.5 kHz). If the PLL is locked (after the frequency change), the normal step frequency (e.g., fPDF = 12.5 kHz) will be active again.
If no 2-bit shift is used (bit 32 = 1), the frequency changes will be done with the normal step frequency (12.5 kHz).
In 2-bit shift mode the N- and R-divider are shifted by two bits to the right (this corresponds by a
R- and N-divider division by 4). An important condition for this mode is that the R-divider has to
be a multiple of 4.
Table 10-13. Manual and Lock Detect Shift Mode
2-bit Shift
B32
Dividers 2-bit shift
0
No shift
1
10.11 SW1 (Pin 13)
The switching output SW1 (pin 13) is controlled by bit 46 as given in Table 10-14.
Table 10-14. Switching Output
Note:
SW1
B46
High
0
Low
1
SW1 is an open-drain output.
Figure 10-1. Internal Components at SW1
SW1
18
T4260
4528M–AUDR–03/08
T4260
10.12 SW2/AGC (Pin 11)
The pin SW2/AGC works as a switching output (open drain, pin 11) or as an AM AGC-control pin
to control the cascade stage of an external AM-preamplifier.
The SW2/AGC is controlled by bits 47 and 48 as given in Table 10-15.
Table 10-15. Switching Output 2/AGC Mode
Note:
SW2/AGC
B48
B47
AGC function
0
X
High
1
0
Low
1
1
In AGC mode, the output voltage is 6V down to 1V.
Figure 10-2. Internal Components at SW2/AGC
VS
AGC
SWO/AGC
SW2
10.13 Test Mode
A special test mode is implemented for final production test only. This mode is activated by setting bit 123 = 1. This mode is not intended to be used by customer application. For normal
operation bit 123 has to be set to 0.
Table 10-16. Test Mode
Test Mode
B123
ON
1
OFF
0
19
4528M–AUDR–03/08
10.14 AM Mixer
The AM mixer is used for up-conversion of the AM reception frequency to the IF frequency.
Therefore, an AM prescaler is implemented to generate the necessary LO frequency from the
VCO frequency.
The VCO divider can be controlled by the bits 140 to 143 as given in Table 10-17. (The VCO
divider is only active in AM mode)
Table 10-17. Divider Factor of the AM Prescaler
Divider AM Prescaler
B143
B142
B141
B140
Divide by 2
0
0
0
0
Divide by 3
0
0
0
1
Divide by 4
0
0
1
0
Divide by 5
0
0
1
1
Divide by 6
0
1
0
0
Divide by 7
0
1
0
1
Divide by 8
0
1
1
0
Divide by 9
0
1
1
1
Divide by 10
1
x
x
x
10.15 FM Mixer
In the FM mixer stage, the FM reception frequency is down-converted to the IF frequency. The
VCO frequency is used as LO frequency for the mixer.
10.16 PLL Loop Filter
The PLL loop filter selection for AM and FM mode can be controlled by bit 145 as given in Table
10-18.
Table 10-18. Loop Filter Operating Mode
20
PDAM/PDFM
B145
PDFM active
0
PDAM active
1
T4260
4528M–AUDR–03/08
T4260
10.17 Fractional Mode
The activated fractional mode (bit 144 = 0) in connection with the direct shift (bit 32 = 0) allows
fast frequency changes (with the help of the 2-bit shift) with a four times higher step frequency.
After the frequency change, the normal step frequency is active again.
If the fractional mode is deactivated (bit 144 = 1) and direct shift mode is active, (bit 32 = 0) the
VCO frequency is set to the next lower frequency which is many times the amount frequency of
4 times step frequency. This means that the 2 shifted bits of the active N-Divider are not used in
this mode. The shift bits are interpreted as logic 0.
The fractional mode with direct shift mode deactivated (bit 32 = 1) allows normal frequency
changes with a step frequency of 12.5 kHz.
Table 10-19. Fractional Mode
Fractional
B144
ON
0
OFF
1
10.18 Spurious Suppression
In fractional and direct shift mode the spurious suppression is able by SW wire and SW impulse.
Table 10-20. Spurious Suppression by SW Wire
SW Wire
B60
OFF
0
ON
1
Table 10-21. Spurious Suppression by Correction Current Charge Pump
SW Impulse
B61
OFF
0
ON
1
21
4528M–AUDR–03/08
10.19 Charge Pump (AMLF/FMLF)
AMLF/FMLF is the current charge pump output of the PLL. The current can be controlled by setting the bits 62 and 63. The loop filter has to be designed correspondingly to the chosen pump
current and the internal reference frequency.
During the frequency change, the high-current charge pump (bit 62) is active to enable fast frequency changes. After the frequency change, the current will be reduced to guarantee a high
S/N ratio. The low-current charge pump (bit 63) is then active. The high current charge pump
can also be switched off by setting the bits of the active HCDEL register to 0 (bit 20 and bit 21
[HCDEL 1] or bit 22 and bit 23 [HCDEL 2]).
The current of the high-current charge pump is controlled by bit 62 as given in Table 10-22.
Table 10-22. High-current Charge Pump
High-current Charge Pump
B62
1 mA
0
2 mA
1
The current of the low-current charge pump is controlled by bit 63 as given in Table 10-23.
Table 10-23. Low-current Charge Pump
Low Current Charge Pump
B63
50 µA
0
100 µA
1
10.20 External Voltage at AMLF (Oscillator)
The oscillator (pin 22) can be switched on/off by bit 65. It is possible to use the oscillator buffer
as an input or as an output. At the AMLF (pin 17), an external tuning voltage can be applied
(bit 65 = 0). If this is not done, the IC operates in standard mode (bit 65 = 1).
The oscillator, oscillator buffer and the AMLF are controlled by the bits 65 and 64 as given in
Table 10-24 on page 22.
Table 10-24. Oscillator Operating Modes
22
Oscillator
Oscillator Buffer
AMLF (Pin 17)
B65
B64
OFF
INPUT
INPUT f. DAC’s
0
X
ON
OFF
AMLF (standard)
1
0
ON
OUTPUT
AMLF (standard)
1
1
T4260
4528M–AUDR–03/08
T4260
10.21 DAC1, 2 (Pins 1, 2)
For automatic tuner alignment, the DAC1 and DAC2 of the IC can be controlled by setting gain
and offset values. The principle of the operation is shown in Figure 10-3. The gain is in the range
of 0.67 × VTUNE to 2.09 × VTUNE. The offset range is +0.98V to –0.98V. For alignment, DAC1
and DAC2 are connected to the varicaps of the preselection filter and the IF filter. For alignment,
offset and gain are set for having the best tuner tracking.
Figure 10-3. Block Diagram of DAC1, 2
VTUNE
DAC1, 2
Gain
+/-
Offset
The gain of DAC1 and DAC2 has a range of approximately 0.67 × V(TUNE) to 2.09 × V(TUNE).
This range is divided into 255 steps. One step is approximately (2.09 – 0.67)/255 =
0.00557 × V(TUNE). The gain of DAC1 can be controlled by the bits 38 to 45 (20 to 27) and the
gain of DAC2 can be controlled by the bits 66 to bit 73 (20 to 27) as given in Table 10-25.
Table 10-25. Gain of DAC1, 2
Gain DAC1
Approximately
B45
B44
B43
B42
B41
B40
B39
B38
Decimal Gain
Gain DAC2
Approximately
B73
B72
B71
B70
B69
B68
B67
B66
Decimal Gain
0.6728 × V(TUNE)
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0.6783 × V(TUNE)
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
1
0.6838 × V(TUNE)
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
2
0.6894 × V(TUNE)
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
1
3
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
0.9959 × V(TUNE)
0
0
1
1
1
0
1
0
58
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
2.0821 × V(TUNE)
1
1
1
1
1
1
0
1
253
2.0877 × V(TUNE)
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
0
254
2.0932 × V(TUNE)
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
255
Note:
Offset = 64 (intermediate position)
23
4528M–AUDR–03/08
The offset of DAC1 and DAC2 has a range of approximately +0.98 V to -0.99 V. This range is
divided into 127 steps. One step is approximately 1.97 V/127 = 15.52 mV. The offset of DAC1
can be controlled by the bits 24 to bit 30 (20 to 26) and the offset gain of DAC2 can be controlled
by the bits 52 to bit 58 (20 to 26) as given in Table 10-26.
Table 10-26. Offset of DAC1, 2
Offset DAC1
Approximately
B30
B29
B28
B26
B26
B25
B24
Decimal Offset
Offset DAC2
Approximately
B58
B57
B56
B55
B54
B53
B52
Decimal Offset
0.9815V
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0.9659V
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
1
0.9512V
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
2
0.9353V
0
0
0
0
0
1
1
3
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
0
0
0
0
0
0
64
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
–0.0120V
1
...
Note:
–0.9576V
1
1
1
1
1
0
1
125
–0.9733V
1
1
1
1
1
1
0
126
–0.9890V
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
127
Gain = 58 (intermediate position)
10.22 Permitted DAC Conditions
The internal operation amplifier of the DACs should not operate with a too high internal difference voltage at their inputs. This means that a voltage difference higher than 0.5V at the internal
OP input should be avoided in operation mode. The respective output OP in the DAC is necessary for the addition and amplification of the tuning voltage (at pin 18) with the desired voltage
gain and offset value.
If the tuning voltage reaches a high value e.g. 9V, with a gain setting of 2 times VTUNE and an
offset of +1V, then the output OP of the DAC should reach the (calculated) voltage of 19V. The
supply voltage of e.g. 10V, however, limits the output voltage (of the DAC) to 10V maximum.
Due to the (limiting) supply voltage and the internal gain resistance ratio of 6, the missing 9V
(calculated voltage - Vs) cause a voltage of 1.5V at the OP input. This condition may not remain
for a longer period of time.
As long as the calculated DAC output voltage value does not exceed the supply voltage value by
more than 3V, no damages should occur during the product’s lifetime as the input voltage of the
internal OP input voltage does not exceed 0.5V.
VTUNE × DAC gain factor + DAC offset < VS + 3V
(9V × 2 + 1V) < 10V + 3V (condition not allowed)
This means when having a gain factor of 2 and an offset value of 1V, the tuning voltage should
not exceed 6V.
24
T4260
4528M–AUDR–03/08
T4260
Maximum tuning voltage < (VS + 3 V - DAC offset)/DAC gain factor
e.g.: maximum tuning voltage = (10V + 3V – 1V)/2 = 6V
It is also possible to reduce the gain or the offset value instead of (or along with) the tuning
voltage.
Figure 10-4. Internal Components of DAC1, 2
VS
DAC1, 2
11. Input/Output Interface Circuits
11.1
VTUNE, AMLF and FMLF (Pins 16-18)
VTUNE is the loop amplifier output of the PLL. The bipolar output stage is a rail-to-rail amplifier.
Figure 11-1. Internal Components at VTUNE, AMLF and FMLF
VS
VS
V5
VTUNE
AMLF/FMLF
25
4528M–AUDR–03/08
11.2
EN, DATA, CLK (Pins 23-25)
All functions can be controlled via a 3-wire bus consisting of Enable, Data and Clock. The bus is
designed for microcontrollers which can operate with 3-V supply voltage. Details of the data
transfer protocol can be found in Section 8. “3-wire Bus Description” on page 10.
Figure 11-2. Internal Components at Enable, Data and Clock
V5
EN
DATA
CLK
Figure 11-3. Block Diagram of the PLL Core
14 - BIT
LATCH R - DIV.
BIT 18
BIT 32
SWITCH
HCDEL 1 HCDEL 2
SHIFT 2 BIT
fref
R - DIVIDER
DELAYTIME
high cur. CP
B145
AM/FM
AM - LOOP
FILTER
CHARGE
PUMP
AM/FM
FILTER
FM - LOOP
FILTER
PHASE
DETECTOR
N/N+1
DIVIDER
PREAMP
VCO
B62,63
B61
SHIFT 2 BIT
SWITCH N+1, N
ACCU 2 - BIT
MUX N1 N2
2 - BIT (LSB)
B5
LATCH N - DIV 1
18 - BIT
26
LATCH N - DIV 2
B60, B144
18 - BIT
T4260
4528M–AUDR–03/08
T4260
11.3
PLL Core Block Diagram Description
The two N-dividers are stored in two 18-bit memory register (LATCH N-DIV) and the R-divider in
a 14-bit memory register (LATCH R-DIV). One of the two N-dividers (N1 or N2) can be activated
by bit 5 as active N-divider (with the 18-bit multiplexer MUX).
The (divider) 2-bit shift mode can be activated with bit 32 = 0. The N- and R-divider are shifted
two bits to the right in this shift mode. Because the two lowest R-divider bits (bit 124 and bit 125)
are 0 they do not have to be evaluated. In opposite to the R-divider the lowest two N-divider bits
(bit 102 and bit 103 or bit 80 and bit 81, depends on the active N-divider) are special evaluated
in the ACCU block if fractional mode is active (bit 144 = 0). The two lowest N- and R-divider bits
are also called shift bits.
The SWITCH N+1, N block is steering the division through N or N+1 in the N-divider if fractional
and 2-bit shift mode are active. There is only a division by N if the fractional mode is deactivated
in 2-bit shift mode.
The output signals of the 18-bit N-divider and 14-bit R-divider will be compared in the
PHASEDETECTOR which one activates the sink and source currents of the charge pumps
(CP).
There are also two HCDEL registers (for the high current CP delay time) but only one of them is
active. One of the HCDEL registers can be activated by bit 18. The delay time of the HCDEL
register can be selected with bit 20 and bit 21 or bit 22 and bit 23). The current for the high CP
(HCCP) can be set by bit 62 and the current for the low current CP (LCCP) by bit 63.
With bit 145 the AM- or FM-Loopfilter (pin) can be activated. It is also possible to use the
AM-Loopfilter in FM mode (instead of the FM-Loopfilter) or the FM-Loopfilter in AM mode.
11.4
High-speed Tuning
The fractional mode (bit 144 = 0) in connection with the direct shift mode (bit 32 = 0) allows very
fast frequency changes with four times the step frequency (50 kHz = 4 × fPDF) at low frequency
steps (e.g., fPDF = 12.5 kHz). In direct shift mode, the R- and the N-divider are shifted by 2 bits to
the right (this corresponds to a R- and N-divider division by 4 or a step frequency multiplication
by 4).
Due to the 2-bit shift, a faster tuning response time of approximately 1 ms instead of 3-4 ms for a
tune over the whole FM band from 87.5 MHz to 108 MHz is possible with fPDF = 12.5 kHz.
If the FM receiving frequency is 103.2125 MHz (with e.g. fPDF = 12.5 kHz and fIF = 10.7 MHz), an
N-divider of 9113 and an R-divider of 12 are necessary when using a reference-frequency (fref)
of 150 kHz.
fVCO = fIF + frec = 10.7 MHz + 103.2125 MHz = 113.9125 MHz
fPDF = fVCO/N = fref/R = 113.9125 MHz/9113 = 150 kHz/12 = 12.5 kHz
An important condition for the use of the fractional mode is an R-divider with an integer value
after the division by 4 (R-dividers have to be a multiple of 4).
After a 2-bit shift (divider division by 4), the R-divider is now 3 (instead of 12) and the N-divider is
2278.25 (instead of 9113). The new N-divider of 2278.25 is also called ¼ fractional step
because the modulo value of the N-divider is 0.25 = ¼. In total, there are 4 different fractional
2-bit shift steps: full, ¼, ½ and ¾ step.
27
4528M–AUDR–03/08
If the fractional mode is switched off (bit 144 = 1) during direct shift mode (bit 32 = 0), the modulo
value of the N-divider will be ignored (the new N-divider is then 2278 instead of 2278.25). This
means that the PLL locks on the next lower multiple frequency of 4 × f PDF (in our case
fPDF = 12.5 kHz). The new VCO frequency (fVCO) is then 113.9 MHz (instead of 113.9125 MHz in
fractional mode).
Also the PLL has additionally a special fractional logic which allows a good spurious suppression
in the fractional and direct shift mode. Activating the wire switch (bit 60 = 1) and the correction
charge pump (bit 60 = 1) the spurious suppression is active.
11.5
Charge Pump Current Settings
Bit 62 (0 = 1 mA; 1 = 2 mA) allows to adjust the high current, which is active during a frequency
change (if the delay time of the active HCDEL register is not switched off). A high charge pump
current allows faster frequency changes. After a frequency change, the current reduction is
reduced (in locked mode) to the low current which is set by bit 63 (0 = 50 µA; 1 = 100 µA). A
lower charge pump current guarantees a higher S/N ratio.
The high current charge pump can be switched off by the active HCDEL register bits. In this
case, when HCDEL 1 is active and the bits 20 and 21 are 0 (HCDEL 1 delay time = off) or
HCDEL 2 is active and the bits 22 and 23 are 0 (HCDEL 2 delay time = off), only the low current
charge pump (current) is active in locked and in the frequency change mode.
11.6
AM Prescaler (Divider) Settings
The AM mixer is used for up-conversion of the AM reception frequency to the IF frequency.
Therefore, an AM prescaler is implemented to generate the necessary LO from the VCO frequency. For the reception of the AM band, different prescaler (divider) settings are possible.
Table 11-1 on page 29 lists the AM prescaler (divider) settings and the reception frequencies.
fVCO = 98.2 MHz to 124 MHz
fIF = 10.7 MHz
frec = fVCO – fIF
fVCO = AM prescaler x (frec + fIF)
The following formula can also be useful by AM frequencies higher than 20 MHz:
fVCO = AM prescaler x (frec – fIF)
28
T4260
4528M–AUDR–03/08
T4260
Table 11-1.
Note:
AM Prescaler (Divider) Settings and the Reception Frequencies
Divider (AM Prescaler)
Minimum Reception
Frequency [MHz]
Maximum Reception
Frequency [MHz]
No divider
87.5
113.3
Divide by 2
38.4
51.3
Divide by 3
22.033
30.633
Divide by 4
13.85
20.3
Divide by 5
8.94
14.1
Divide by 6
5.667
9.967
Divide by 7
3.329
7.014
Divide by 8
1.575
4.8
Divide by 9
0.211
3.078
Divide by 10
0
1.7
The AM Prescaler Divider Settings with fVCO from 98.2 MHz to 124 MHz is only an example. The
tuning range depends on the tuning diode and the inductor in the VCO circuit. The tank of the
VCO should be designed for a maximum range at pin 18 (VTUNE) of 1.5 V to VSPLL - 1 V for a
good S/N performance.
The N- and R- divider can be calculated as following:
N = AM Prescaler × (frec + fIF)/fstep
N = (frec + fIF)/fstep
R = fref/fstep
fVCO = N × fstep
fref = reference oscillator frequency (pin 27)
(AM mode)
(FM mode)
(For all modes)
Example of AM settings:
If the receiving frequency is 0.84 MHz (AM) and the following conditions are:
fref = 4 MHz; fstep = 10 kHz; fIF = 10.7 MHz and an AM-Prescaler of 10 a N-Divider of 11540 and
a R-Divider of 400 is necessary.
R = fref/fstep = 4 MHz/10 KHz = 400
N = AM Prescaler × (frec + fIF)/fstep = 10 × (0.84 MHz + 10.7 MHz)/10 KHz = 11540
11.7
External Voltage at AMLF (Pin 17)
By using two ICs, for example, it is possible to operate the AMLF (pin 17) of the second IC either
with the tuning voltage (VTUNE [pin 18]), the DAC 1 voltage [pin 1] or the DAC 2 voltage [pin 2]
from the first T4260. For voltage reduction at the AMLF [pin 17], a voltage factor ratio of 100/16
(R1/R2) is required.
This means that an applied voltage from 0.5 V at pin 17 (AMLF) corresponds to a tuning voltage
of 3.625V. It is recommended to use R1 with 100 kΩ and R2 with 16 kΩ. The allowed range of R1
is 10 kΩ to 1 MΩ and 1.6 kΩ to 160 kΩ for R2.
29
4528M–AUDR–03/08
Figure 11-4. External Voltage at AMLF (Pin 17)
T4260Gain
VTUNE or DAC
R1
R2
AMLF
T4260
The maximum input voltage at the AMLF input (pin 17) depends on the applied supply voltage
as well as on the gain and offset settings. To avoid any damages during the product’s lifetime,
the following formulas regarding SWAMLF voltage, gain and offset settings have to be observed
(see Section 10.22 “Permitted DAC Conditions” on page 24).
VSWAMLF × ([R1 + R2]/R2) × DAC gain factor + DAC offset < VS + 3V
(R1 + R2)/R2 = 7.25
This means when having a gain factor of 2 and an offset value of 1V, the applied SWAMLF voltage should be limited to a voltage lower than 0.83V.
SWAMLF voltage < (VS + 3V – DAC offset)/(DAC gain factor × 7.25)
e.g.: maximum SWAMLF voltage = (10V + 3V – 1V)/(2 × 7.25) = 0.83V
It is also possible to reduce the gain or offset instead (or along with) the SWAMLF voltage.
30
T4260
4528M–AUDR–03/08
T4260
Figure 11-5. Test Circuit
Test Point
1 DAC1
MXFMOB 44
2 DAC2
MXFMOA 43
10n
330
100n
10n
3 FMAGCO
10n
3k
10n
RFAGCA1 42
4 MXFMIA
VST 41
5 MXFMIB
MXAMOA 40
6 GNDRF
MXAMOB 39
7 MXAMIB
GNDT 38
8 MXAMIA
VRT 37
VST
100n
9 AMAGCO
IFINFM 36
10 IFAGCA2
IFINAM 35
330
2k4
11 SW2/AGC
IFREF 34
100n
12 RFAGCA2 RFAGCFM 33
100k
13 SW1
IFAGCA1 32
100k
14 VRVCO
IFAGCFM 31
100n
VSPLL
15 VSPLL
IFOUTA 30
16 FMLF
IFOUTB 29
17 AMLF
GNDPLL 28
100
10n
100n
1n
5k1
18 VTUNE
REFFREQ 27
10k
5k6
15p
19 OSCGND
VRPLL 26
10n
1n
22p
20 OSCE
47p
21 OSCB
22 OSCBUF
10n
DATA 25
CLK 24
BUS
EN 23
10n
31
4528M–AUDR–03/08
Figure 11-6. Application Circuit
P2
P3
GNDT
GNDPLL
C13
R2
IFoutA
Bu2
10µ
180
R5
2R7
C2
100n
IFoutB
Bu3
2k2
C15
KF1
R3
300
R6
300
F1
REFFREQ
Bu4
100n
C14
C9
F2
DATA
P4
CLK
P5
EN
P6
100n
100n220n100n
EN
CLK
OSCB
OSCBUF
DATA
25 24 23
OSCE
IFREF
SW2/AGC
VRPLL
IFINAM
IFAGCA2
OSCGND
IFINFM
AMAGCO
REFFREQ
VRT
MXAMIA
6
7
C29
VTUNE
GNDT
MXAMIB
5
GNDPLL
MXAMOB
GNDRF
4
AMLF
MXAMOA
MXFMIB
3
IFOUTB
VST
MXFMIA
2
FMLF
RFAGCA1
FMAGCO
1
31 30 29 28 27 26
IFOUTA
MXFMOA
DAC2
34 33 32
MXFMOB
220n
100n
47p
42 41 40 39 38 37 36 35
DAC1
100p
44 43
100n
C10 C11 C12
C8
VSPLL
C6
C5
IFAGCFM
C3
VRVCO
C1
10µ
100n
KF2
R8
IFAGCA1
2R7
1µ
SW1
P1
C7
RFAGCA2 RFAGCFM
VS_T R1
C4
10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22
OSCBUF
C47 C48
C28
C37 C39
Bu5
P12 P13
P
C16 10n
11
4µ7
2µ2
100n
100n
100n
DAC2
FM AM VT 22p 47p
C31
C50 OSCB
C41
C40
P8
P15
12p
Bu4
C17 10n
L2
100n C
15n
SW1
42
1n
C
100µH
C23 C24
49
BC 848
R14
1n
C32
6p8
T3
R24
C43 R
R11
6p8
F5
68k
25
1n 6p8
CD1
6k2
F3
L3
C25
5k1
R
2n2
C38
16
C22
4n7 2m2
2k7
68k
100n
R26
18p
100
C46
CD3
BB804
T4
BB804
C
44
R12
R9
1n
J109
100n
R27
470
68k
R10
C45
C21
5k6
10µ
C20 10n
10p
C19
R
17
27p
L1
C34
R23
47
F
27
C18 2µ2
T1
4
220n
BFR93A
10n
VS_PLL
BB804
P10
R13
R18
T2
1k
P16
CD2
BC848B
470k
R
C
D1
C27
19
26
470k
R15
3p9 S391D 10n
1k
DAC1
P7
Bu1
C36
L4
10n
Ant
8
9
C30
D2
S391D
4µ7
C35
10p
AMPREIN
P14
P9
AMAGCO
C33
D3 100n
R28
3k9
R22
470k
S391D
32
T4260
4528M–AUDR–03/08
T4260
12. Ordering Information
Extended Type Number
Package
Remarks
T4260-ILSH
Pb-free SSO44
Tube
T4260-ILQH
Pb-free SSO44
Taped and reeled
13. Package Information
9.15
8.65
Package SSO44
Dimensions in mm
18.05
17.80
7.50
7.30
2.35
0.3
0.25
0.10
0.8
16.8
44
0.25
10.50
10.20
23
technical drawings
according to DIN
specifications
1
22
14. Revision History
Please note that the following page numbers referred to in this section refer to the specific revision
mentioned, not to this document.
Revision No.
History
4528M-AUDR-03/08
• Figure 11-6 “Application Circuit” on page 32 changed
4528L-AUDR-05/07
• Put datasheet in a new template
• Number 6.4 in section 7 “Electrical Characteristics” on page 6 added
4528K-AUDR-03/07
• Put datasheet in a new template
• Pb-free logo on page 1 deleted
• Table 10-8 “RF-AGC” on page 17 changed
33
4528M–AUDR–03/08
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4528M–AUDR–03/08