Q4 - 2002

CYPRESS
QUALITY & RELIABILITY
2002 Q4 RELIABILITY REPORT
TABLE OF CONTENTS
1.0 OVERVIEW OF CYPRESS SEMICONDUCTOR TOTAL QUALITY
MANAGEMENT SYSTEM
2.0 EARLY FAILURE RATE SUMMARY
3.0 LONG TERM FAILURE RATE SUMMARY
4.0 PRESSURE COOKER TEST
5.0 HAST (Highly Accelerated Stress Test)
6.0 TEMPERATURE CYCLE
Note: The results reported herein are for Quarter 4 2002.
CYPRESS
QUALITY & RELIABILITY
1.0 OVERVIEW OF CYPRESS SEMICONDUCTOR TOTAL QUALITY MANAGEMENT SYSTEM
This report summarizes Cypress Semiconductor Product Reliability for the period of the 3rd quarter of
2002. It includes data from product fabricated at the San Jose, California; Round Rock, Texas; and
Bloomington, Minnesota facilities.
Cypress Semiconductor has established aggressive reliability objectives to assure that all products
exhibit reliability, which exceeds customer reliability requirements for purchased components. The
quality standard at Cypress is zero defects resulting in a culture requiring continuous improvement in
quality and reliability.
Product reliability is assured by a total quality management system. The quality management system
is described in detail in the Cypress Semiconductor Quality Manual (Cypress Semiconductor
Document Number 90-00001). Key reliability-related programs of the total quality management
system are: (1) design rule review and approval; (2) control of raw materials and vendor quality; (3)
manufacturing statistical process controls; (4) manufacturing identification of "Maverick Lot" yield
limits; (5) formal training and certification of manufacturing personnel; (6) qualification of new products
and manufacturing processes; (7) continuous reliability monitoring; (8) formal failure analysis and
corrective action; and (9) competitive benchmarking.
Product Reliability data is accumulated as a result of new product Qualification Test Plan activities
(Cypress Semiconductor Document Number 25-00040) as well as from the Reliability Monitor Program
(Cypress Semiconductor Document Number 25-00008). All reliability test samples are obtained from
standard production material. Sample selection is based on generic product families. These generic
products are designed with very similar design rules and manufactured from a core set of processes.
Reliability strategy requires that every failure that occurs during reliability testing be subjected to failure
analysis (Cypress Semiconductor Document Number 25-00039) to determine the failure mechanism.
Corrective action is then implemented to prevent future failures, resulting in continuous improvement
in product reliability.
Copies of the Cypress Semiconductor documents referenced herein are available through your
Cypress Semiconductor sales representative. Questions about product reliability may be addressed to
the undersigned.
____________________
Director of Reliability
___________________
Director of Quality
Cypress Semiconductor Corporation
3901 North First Street
San Jose, CA 95134-1599
Cypress Quality Fax: (408) 943-2165
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QUALITY & RELIABILITY
CYPRESS
2.0 EARLY FAILURE RATE SUMMARY
Early Failure Rate Determination: High Temperature Operating Life testing (HTOL), for as long as 96
hours, is used to estimate device early failure rate.
Test:
Conditions:
Duration:
Failure:
Fit Rate:
High Temperature Operating Life Test (HTOL)
Dynamic Operating Conditions, VCC nominal + 15%, 150°C or 125°C.
48 hours HTOL at 150°C or 96 hours at 125°C.
A failure is any device that fails to meet data sheet electrical requirements.
Derated to 55° C ambient, with 60% upper confidence bound for 0 failures,
Ea =0.7ev
Early Failure Rate Summary
Technology
# Failed
B53
Ram 2
HYNIX 0.35
HYNIX P26
NEC 0.35
Ram 3
Ram 4
Device
Hours
128454
154764
7200
47053
122700
51200
228073
Ram 5
1722458
2
7
Ram 6
Ram 7
214973
3379185
0
6
25
10
Ram 8
S4
TSMC 0.15
TSMC 0.18
TSMC 0.25
TSMC 0.50
132623
162675
124565
58828
56021
62720
1
1
0
0
0
0
44
36
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
FIT Rate
Failure Mode
Insufficient data
35
26
Insufficient data
Insufficient data
Insufficient data
Insufficient data
(1 unit) Polyamide Residue,
No Anomaly
(2 units) Unknown Cause
(4 units) Unknown Cause
(1 unit) Particle on LI
(1 unit) Poly-Si Particle
(1 unit) Unknown Cause
(1 unit) Unknown Cause
Insufficient data
Insufficient data
Insufficient data
Insufficient data
Notes: Data reported is a 4-quarter rolling average.
Insufficient data – interpret as insufficient accumulated life-time hours to project a 60%
confidence bound for a zero-fails sample.
QUALITY & RELIABILITY
CYPRESS
3.0 LONG TERM FAILURE RATE SUMMARY
Long Term Failure Rate Determination A High Temperature Operating Life test (HTOL) is used to
estimate long-term reliability. By operating the devices at accelerated temperature and voltage,
hundreds of thousands of use hours can be compressed into hundreds of test hours.
Test:
High Temperature Operating Life Test (HTOL)
Conditions: Dynamic Operating Conditions, VCC nominal +15% 150°C or 125°C.
Duration: A minimum of 80 hours at 150°C or 168 hours at 125°C
Generally 500 hours at 150°C or 1000 hours at 125°C.
Failure:
A failure is any device that fails to meet data sheet electrical requirements.
Fit Rate:
Derated to 55° C ambient, with 60% upper confidence bound for 0 failures,
Ea =0.7ev
Long Term Failure Rate Summary
Technology
# Failed
FIT Rate
Failure Mode
B53
HYNIX 0.35
HYNIX P26
NEC 0.35
Ram 3
Ram 4
Ram 5
Ram 6
Ram 7
Device
Hours
@150°c
310702
75000
247976
227316
263840
655450
1553457
483551
4147353
0
0
0
0
0
0
2
0
2
17
Ram 8
746020
6
47
S4
TSMC 0.15
TSMC 0.18
TSMC 0.25
TSMC 0.50
117597
101721
150086
24194
177500
0
1
0
0
0
None
Insufficient data
None
None
None
None
(2 units) Unknown Cause
None
(1 unit) Blocked Contact
(1 unit) Poly Protrusion
(2 units) Poly Protrusion
(4 units) Unknown Cause
Insufficient data
(1 unit) Metal Bridging
None
Insufficient data
None
22
24
20
8
8
11
3
58
36
30
Notes: Data reported is a 4-quarter rolling average.
Insufficient data – interpret as insufficient accumulated life-time hours to project a 60%
confidence bound for a zero-fails sample.
QUALITY & RELIABILITY
CYPRESS
4.0 PRESSURE COOKER TEST (PCT)
The Pressure Cooker Test is a highly accelerated packaging stress test used to ensure environmental
durability of epoxy-packaged parts.
Passivation cracks, ionic contamination, and corrosion
susceptibility are all accelerated by this stress.
Test:
Conditions:
Pre-Conditioning:
Failure:
Pressure Cooker Test (PCT)
15 PSIG, 121°C, No bias, for a minimum of 168 hours.
5 cycles Temperature Cycles –65/+150, 24 hr Bake 125°C, Moisture loading
to qualified MSL level
A failure is any device that fails to meet data sheet electrical requirements.
Pressure Cooker Test Failure Rate Summary
Package
TQFP
TQFP (10x10)
FBGA (0.75)
FBGA (1.0)
PBGA (1.27)
PLCC
MLF
PQFP
PQFP (Thermal)
SSOP
PDIP
SOIC
SOJ
TSOP
TSOPI
TSOPII
Sample
Size
1158
98
545
323
144
513
200
97
144
1024
1027
1533
797
926
93
373
# Failed
Defects %
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
Note: Data reported is a 4-quarter rolling average.
Failure
Mode
None
None
None
None
None
None
None
None
None
None
None
None
None
None
None
None
QUALITY & RELIABILITY
CYPRESS
5.0 HIGHLY ACCELERATED STRESS TEST (HAST)
Cypress uses HAST to accelerate temperature, humidity, bias failure mechanisms. This change was
necessary because our package reliability had improved to the point where the old 85°C/85% R.H.
Temperature-humidity-bias testing would not induce failures. Failures are necessary to judge
progress and compare packaging changes. HAST testing has been shown to be at least twenty times
more accelerated then 85°C/85% R.H. temperature-humidity-bias testing.
Test:
Conditions:
Highly Accelerated Stress Test (HAST)
Present Conditions: 130°C / 85% RH minimum power dissipation, for a
minimum of 128 hours.
Pre-Conditioning: 5 cycles Temperature Cycles –65/+150, 24 hr Bake 125°C, Moisture loading
to qualified MSL level
Failure :
A failure is any device that fails to meet data sheet electrical requirements.
Highly Accelerated Stress Test (HAST) Failure Rate Summary
Package
# Failed
Defects %
Failure Mode
TQFP
TQFP (10x10)
Sample
Size
883
31
0
1
0
3
FBGA (0.75-0.8)
FBGA (1.0)
PBGA (1.27)
VFBGA
PLCC
MLF
LL
PQFP
PQFP (Thermal)
SSOP
PDIP
SOIC
SNC
SOJ
TSOP
TSOPI
TSOP (Reverse)
TSOP II
422
237
49
85
313
50
50
45
46
329
45
753
434
421
333
91
43
449
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0.2
None
(1 unit) Lifted Ball
Bond
None
None
None
None
None
None
None
None
None
None
None
None
None
None
None
None
None
(1 unit) Lifted Ball
Bond & Cut Wedge
Note: Data reported is a 4-quarter rolling average.
QUALITY & RELIABILITY
CYPRESS
6.0 TEMPERATURE CYCLE TEST (TC)
Differences in thermal expansion coefficients are accentuated by cycling devices through temperature
extremes. If the materials do not expand and contract equally, large stresses can develop. The
Temperature Cycle test stresses mechanical integrity by exposing a device to alternating temperature
extremes. Weakness and thermal expansion mismatches in die interconnections, die attach, and wire
bonds are often detected with this acceleration test.
Test:
Condition:
Pre-Condition:
Duration:
Failure:
Temperature Cycle
MIL-STD -883D, Method 1010, Condition C, -65°C to 150°C.
JEDEC 22-A104 Condition B, -40°C to 125°C
5 cycles Temperature Cycles –65/+150, 24 hr Bake 125°C, Moisture loading
to qualified MSL level
300 cycles minimum at Condition C, 1000 cycles minimum at Condition B
A failure is any device that fails to meet data sheet electrical requirements.
Temperature Cycling Failure Rate Summary
Package
TQFP
TQFP (10X10)
FBGA (0.75-0.8)
FBGA (1.0)
PBGA (1.27)
PLCC
MLF
PQFP
PQFP (Thermal)
SSOP
PDIP
SOIC
SOJ
TSOP
TSOPI
TSOPII
TSOP (Reverse)
Sample
Size
1700
96
849
726
383
570
298
96
305
1385
1053
2566
988
1778
200
690
49
# Failed
Defects %
Failure Mode
0
0
4
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0.5
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
None
None
(4 units) Cut Wedge
None
None
None
None
None
None
None
None
None
None
None
None
None
None
Note: Data reported is a 4-quarter rolling average.