Apr. 2001 Ver 1.0 8-BIT SINGLE-CHIP MICROCONTROLLERS HMS87C1304(2)A HMS87C1204(2)A HMS87C1104(2)A User’s Manual HMS87C130XA/120XA/110XA 1. OVERVIEW ....................................................................................................................... 1 1.1 1.2 1.3 1.4 Description . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1 Features . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1 Development Tools . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2 Ordering Information . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3 2. BLOCK DIAGRAM ........................................................................................................... 4 3. PIN ASSIGNMENT ........................................................................................................... 5 4. PACKAGE DIAGRAM ...................................................................................................... 6 5. PIN FUNCTION ................................................................................................................. 9 6. PORT STRUCTURES ..................................................................................................... 11 7. ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS .............................................................................. 16 7.1 7.2 7.3 7.4 7.5 7.6 Absolute Maximum Ratings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16 Recommended Operating Conditions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16 A/D Converter Characteristics . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16 DC Electrical Characteristics . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17 AC Characteristics . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18 Typical Characteristics . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19 8. MEMORY ORGANIZATION ........................................................................................... 22 8.1 8.2 8.3 8.4 Registers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 22 Program Memory . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 24 Data Memory . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 27 Addressing Mode . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 30 9. I/O PORTS ...................................................................................................................... 34 9.1 9.2 9.3 9.4 RA and RAIO registers RB and RBIO registers RC and RCIO registers RD and RDIO registers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 34 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 35 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 36 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 37 10. CLOCK GENERATOR ................................................................................................. 38 10.1 Oscillation Circuit . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 38 11. BASIC INTERVAL TIMER ............................................................................................ 40 12. TIMER / COUNTER ...................................................................................................... 41 12.1 8-bit Timer/Counter Mode . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 42 Apr. 2001 ver1.0 HMS87C130XA/120XA/110XA 12.2 12.3 12.4 12.5 12.6 16-bit Timer/Counter Mode . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 44 8-bit Compare Output (16-bit) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 44 8-bit Capture Mode . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 44 16-bit Capture Mode . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 47 PWM Mode . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 47 13. BUZZER OUTPUT FUNCTION .................................................................................... 50 14. ANALOG TO DIGITAL CONVERTER .......................................................................... 51 15. INTERRUPTS ............................................................................................................... 54 15.1 Interrupt Sequence . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 56 15.2 External Interrupt . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 58 16. WATCHDOG TIMER .................................................................................................... 59 17. POWER SAVING MODE .............................................................................................. 60 17.1 Minimizing Current Consumption . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 64 18. RESET .......................................................................................................................... 66 19. POWER FAIL PROCESSOR ........................................................................................ 68 20. OTP PROGRAMMING .................................................................................................. 70 20.1 DEVICE CONFIGURATION AREA . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 70 APPENDIX Instruction Map . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . i Instruction Set . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ii Apr. 2001 ver 1.0 HMS87C130XA/120XA/110XA HMS87C1304A / HMS87C1302A HMS87C1204A / HMS87C1202A HMS87C1104A / HMS87C1102A CMOS SINGLE-CHIP 8-BIT MICROCONTROLLER 1. OVERVIEW 1.1 Description The HMS87C1X0XA is an advanced CMOS 8-bit microcontroller with 4K/2K bytes of EPROM. The Hynix HMS87C1X0XA is a powerful microcontroller which provide a highly flexible and cost effective solution to many small applications such as controller for battery charger. The HMS87C1X0XA provides the following standard features: 4K/2K bytes of EPROM, 128bytes of RAM, 8-bit timer/counter, 8-bit A/D converter, 10-bit high speed PWM output, programmable buzzer driving port, power-on reset circuit, on-chip oscillator and clock circuitry. In addition, the HMS87C1X0XA supports power saving modes to reduce power consumption. This document is only explained for the base of HMS87C1304A, the other’s eliminated functions are same as below. Device name EPROM RAM EXT.INT BUZ I/O Operating Voltage Package HMS87C1304A 4K bytes 128bytes 2 O 19 2.0 ~ 5.5V 24 SKDIP or SOP HMS87C1302A 2K bytes 128bytes 2 O 19 2.0 ~ 5.5V 24 SKDIP or SOP HMS87C1204A 4K bytes 128bytes 2 O 15 2.0 ~ 5.5V 20 PDIP or SOP HMS87C1202A 2K bytes 128bytes 2 O 15 2.0 ~ 5.5V 20 PDIP or SOP HMS87C1104A 4K bytes 128bytes 1 X 11 2.0 ~ 5.5V 16 PDIP or SOP HMS87C1102A 2K bytes 128bytes 1 X 11 2.0 ~ 5.5V 16 PDIP or SOP 1.2 Features • 4K/2K Bytes On-chip Program Memory • One 8-bit Basic Interval Timer • 128 Bytes of On-chip Data RAM (Included stack memory) • Two 8-bit Timer / Counters • One 10-bit High Speed PWM Outputs • Instruction Cycle Time: - 250nS at 8MHz • Programmable I/O pins (LED direct driving can be source and sink) - HMS87C1304A/1302A : 19 - HMS87C1204A/1202A : 15 - HMS87C1104A/1102A : 11 • 2.0V to 5.5V Wide Operating Range • Watchdog timer • Seven Interrupt sources - External input: 2 ( 1 for HMS87C1104/2A ) - A/D Conversion: 1 - Timer: 4 • One Programmable Buzzer Driving port ( except HMS87C1104/2A ) - 500Hz ~ 130kHz • 8-bit A/D Converter - 8 channels Apr. 2001 ver1.0 1 HMS87C130XA/120XA/110XA • Oscillator Type - Crystal - Ceramic Resonator - RC-oscillation ( C can be omitted ) • Power-On Reset • Noise Immunity Circuit - Power Fail Processor • Power Down Mode - STOP mode - Wake-up Timer mode - Internal RC-WDT mode 1.3 Development Tools The HMS87C1X0XA is supported by a full-featured macro assembler, an in-circuit emulator CHOICE-DrTM and OTP programmers. The marco assembler operates under the MS-Windows 95/ 98TM. The OTP programmer can be supplied three types of programmer such as emulator add-on board type single programmer (Dr.WriterTM), univeral stand-alone type single programmer (CHOICE-SIGMATM) and gang type programmer (CHOICE-SIGMATM). . In Circuit Emulators CHOICE-Dr. TM Assembler Hynix Macro Assembler Single Programmer : Dr. WriterTM Universal Programmer : CHOICEOTP Programmer SIGMATM Gang Programmer : CHOICE-GANG4TM Figure 1-2 OTP Single Programmer Dr.WriterTM Figure 1-3 OTP Gang Programmer CHOICE-GANG4TM Figure 1-1 In Circuit Emulator CHOICE-Dr.TM 2 Apr. 2001 ver 1.0 HMS87C130XA/120XA/110XA 1.4 Ordering Information ROM Size 4K bytes (OTP) 2K bytes (OTP) Apr. 2001 ver1.0 Package Type Ordering Device Code 24 SKDIP HMS87C1304A SK 24 SOP HMS87C1304A D 20 PDIP HMS87C1204A 20 SOP HMS87C1204A D 16 PDIP HMS87C1104A 16 SOP HMS87C1104A D 24 SKDIP HMS87C1302A SK 24 SOP HMS87C1302A D 20 PDIP HMS87C1202A 20 SOP HMS87C1202A D 16 PDIP HMS87C1102A 16 SOP HMS87C1102A D Operating Temperature -20 ~ +85°C 3 HMS87C130XA/120XA/110XA 2. BLOCK DIAGRAM PSW Accumulator ALU PC Stack Pointer Data Memory RESET System Clock Controller Timing generator XIN XOUT Program Memory System controller 8-bit Basic Interval Timer Data Table Inte rrupt C ontroller Clock Generator Instruction Decoder Watch-dog Timer 8-bit A/D Converter 8-bit Timer/ Counter High Speed PWM B uzzer ‡ D river VDD RA VSS RB RC RD RC0 ‡ RC1 ‡ RD0 †, ‡ RD1 †, ‡ RD2 †, ‡ RD3 †, ‡ Power Supply RA0 / EC0 RA1 / AN1 RA2 / AN2 RA3 / AN3 RA4 / AN4 RA5 / AN5 RA6 / AN6 RA7 / AN7 Note 4 † ‡ RB0 / AN0 / AVREF RB1 / BUZ ‡ RB2 / INT0 RB3 / INT1 ‡ RB4 / CMP0 / PWM0 These pins are not available in HMS87C1204(2)A. These pins are not available in HMS87C1104(2)A. Apr. 2001 ver 1.0 HMS87C130XA/120XA/110XA 3. PIN ASSIGNMENT HMS87C1304(2)A SK HMS87C1304(2)A D 24 SKDIP 24 SOP AN4 / RA4 1 24 RA3 / AN3 AN4 / RA4 1 24 RA3 / AN3 AN5 / RA5 2 23 RA2 / AN2 AN5 / RA5 2 23 RA2 / AN2 AN6 / RA6 3 22 RA1 / AN1 AN6 / RA6 3 22 RA1 / AN1 AN7 / RA7 4 21 RA0 / EC0 AN7 / RA7 4 21 RA0 / EC0 5 20 RC1 VDD 5 20 RC1 VDD RD0 6 19 RC0 RD0 6 19 RC0 RD1 7 18 VSS RD1 7 18 VSS AN0 / AVREF / RB0 8 17 RESET AN0 / AVREF/ RB0 8 17 RESET BUZ / RB1 9 16 XOUT BUZ / RB1 9 16 XOUT INT0 / RB2 10 15 XIN INT1 / RB3 11 14 RD3 PWM0 / COMP0 / RB4 12 13 RD2 INT0 / RB2 10 15 XIN INT1 / RB3 11 14 RD3 PWM0 / COMP0 / RB4 12 13 RD2 HMS87C1204(2)A HMS87C1204(2)A D 20 PDIP 20 SOP AN4 / RA4 1 20 RA3 / AN3 AN4 / RA4 1 20 RA3 / AN3 AN5 / RA5 2 19 RA2 / AN2 AN5 / RA5 2 19 RA2 / AN2 AN6 / RA6 3 18 RA1 / AN1 AN6 / RA6 3 18 RA1 / AN1 AN7 / RA7 4 17 RA0 / EC0 AN7 / RA7 4 17 RA0 / EC0 5 16 RC1 VDD 5 16 RC1 VDD AN0 / AVREF / RB0 6 15 RC0 AN0 / AVREF / RB0 6 15 RC0 BUZ / RB1 7 14 VSS BUZ / RB1 7 14 VSS INT0 / RB2 8 13 RESET INT0 / RB2 8 13 RESET INT1 / RB3 9 12 XOUT INT1 / RB3 9 12 XOUT 10 11 XIN 10 11 XIN PWM0 / COMP0 / RB4 HMS87C1104(2)A PWM0 / COMP0 / RB4 HMS87C1104(2)A D 16 PDIP 16 SOP AN4 / RA4 1 16 RA3 / AN3 AN4 / RA4 1 16 RA3 / AN3 AN5 / RA5 2 15 RA2 / AN2 AN5 / RA5 2 15 RA2 / AN2 AN6 / RA6 3 14 RA1 / AN1 AN6 / RA6 3 14 RA1 / AN1 AN7 / RA7 4 13 RA0 / EC0 AN7 / RA7 4 13 RA0 / EC0 5 12 VDD 5 12 VSS VDD VSS AN0 / AVREF / RB0 6 11 RESET AN0 / AVREF / RB0 6 11 RESET INT0 / RB2 7 10 XOUT INT0 / RB2 7 10 XOUT PWM0 / COMP0 / RB4 8 9 PWM0 / COMP0 / RB4 8 9 Apr. 2001 ver1.0 XIN XIN 5 HMS87C130XA/120XA/110XA 4. PACKAGE DIAGRAM 24 SKDIP unit: inch MAX MIN TYP 0.300 1.265 0.300 0.250 0.120 0.140 MAX 0.180 MIN 0.015 1.160 4 0.01 8 0.00 0.021 0.065 0.015 0 ~ 15° TYP 0.100 0.045 6 0.419 0.398 0.292 0 ~ 8° TYP 0.050 0.0125 0.019 0.0138 0.009 0.104 0.093 0.614 0.593 0.0118 0.004 0.299 24 SOP 0.042 0.016 Apr. 2001 ver 1.0 HMS87C130XA/120XA/110XA 20 PDIP unit: inch MAX MIN TYP 0.300 1.043 0.270 0.245 0.120 0.140 MAX 0.180 MIN 0.015 1.010 4 0.01 8 0 0 . 0 0.021 0.065 0.015 0 ~ 15° TYP 0.100 0.050 Apr. 2001 ver1.0 0.419 0.398 0.291 0 ~ 8° TYP 0.050 0.0091 0.020 0.013 0.0125 0.104 0.093 0.5118 0.4961 0.0118 0.004 0.299 20 SOP 0.042 0.016 7 HMS87C130XA/120XA/110XA 16 PDIP unit: inch MAX MIN TYP 0.300 0.765 0.260 MIN 0.015 0.240 0.120 0.140 MAX 0.180 0.745 4 0.01 8 0 0 . 0 0.022 0.065 0.015 0 ~ 15° TYP 0.100 0.050 8 0.416 0.398 0.292 0 ~ 8° TYP 0.050 0.0091 0.019 0.014 0.0125 0.104 0.094 0.412 0.402 0.0118 0.004 0.299 16 SOP 0.040 0.016 Apr. 2001 ver 1.0 HMS87C130XA/120XA/110XA 5. PIN FUNCTION RB serves the functions of the various following special features in Table 5-2. VDD: Supply voltage. VSS: Circuit ground. RESET: Reset the MCU. Port pin XIN: Input to the inverting oscillator amplifier and input to the internal main clock operating circuit. RB0 XOUT: Output from the inverting oscillator amplifier. RA0~RA7: RA is an 8-bit, CMOS, bidirectional I/O port. RA pins can be used as outputs or inputs according to “1” or “0” written the their Port Direction Register(RAIO). Port pin Alternate function RA0 RA1 RA2 RA3 RA4 RA5 RA6 RA7 EC0 ( Event Counter Input Source ) AN1 ( Analog Input Port 1 ) AN2 ( Analog Input Port 2 ) AN3 ( Analog Input Port 3 ) AN4 ( Analog Input Port 4 ) AN5 ( Analog Input Port 5 ) AN6 ( Analog Input Port 6 ) AN7 ( Analog Input Port 7 ) Table 5-1 RA Port In addition, RA serves the functions of the various special features in Table 5-1. RB1 1 RB2 RB3 1 RB4 Alternate function AN0 ( Analog Input Port 0 ) AVREF ( External Analog Reference Pin ) BUZ ( Buzzer Driving Output Port ) INT0 ( External Interrupt Input Port 0 ) INT1 ( External Interrupt Input Port 1 ) PWM0 (PWM0 Output) COMP0 (Timer1 Compare Output) Table 5-2 RB Port 1. These pins are not available in HMS87C1104(2)A. RC0, RC1: RC is a 2-bit, CMOS, bidirectional I/O port. RC pins can be used as outputs or inputs according to “1” or “0” written the their Port Direction Register(RCIO). And these pins are not available in HMS87C1104(2)A. RD0~RD3: RD is a 4-bit, CMOS, bidirectional I/O port. RC pins can be used as outputs or inputs according to “1” or “0” written the their Port Direction Register(RDIO). And these pins are not available in HMS87C1204(2)A and HMS87C1104(2)A. RB0~RB4: RB is an 8-bit, CMOS, bidirectional I/O port. RB pins can be used as outputs or inputs according to “1” or “0” written the their Port Direction Register(RBIO). Apr. 2001 ver1.0 9 HMS87C130XA/120XA/110XA PIN NUMBER Function PIN NAME In/Out 87C1304(2)A 87C1204(2)A 87C1104(2)A Basic Sencondary VDD 5 5 5 - Supply voltage VSS 18 14 12 - Circuit ground RESET 17 13 11 I Reset signal input XIN 15 11 9 I XOUT 16 12 10 O RA0 (EC0) 21 17 13 I/O (Input) External Event Counter input 0 RA1 (AN1) 22 18 14 I/O (Input) Analog Input Port 1 RA2 (AN2) 23 19 15 I/O (Input) Analog Input Port 2 RA3 (AN3) 24 20 16 I/O (Input) RA4 (AN4) 1 1 1 I/O (Input) RA5 (AN5) 2 2 2 I/O (Input) Analog Input Port 5 RA6 (AN6) 3 3 3 I/O (Input) Analog Input Port 6 RA7 (AN7) 4 4 4 I/O (Input) Analog Input Port 7 RB0 (AVref/AN0) 8 6 6 I/O (Input) Analog Input Port 0 / Analog Reference RB1 (BUZ) 9 7 RB2 (INT0) 10 8-bit general I/O ports I/O (Input) Analog Input Port 3 Analog Input Port 4 Buzzer Driving Output 5-bit general I/O ports 8 I/O (Input) External Interrupt Input 1 PWM0 Output or Timer1 Compare Output RB3 (INT1) 11 9 I/O (Output) RB4 (PWM0/ COMP0) 12 10 I/O (Output/ Output) RC0 19 15 I/O RC1 20 16 I/O RD0 6 I/O RD1 7 I/O RD2 13 I/O RD3 14 I/O External Interrupt Input 0 2-bit general I/O ports 4-bit general I/O ports Table 5-3 Pin Description 10 Apr. 2001 ver 1.0 HMS87C130XA/120XA/110XA 6. PORT STRUCTURES • RESET Internal RESET VSS • Xin, Xout Crystal or Ceramic VDD Xout VSS STOP To System CLK Xin RC Oscillation (refer to Configuration Area) VDD Xout STOP VSS To System CLK Xin Internal Capacitor 6 pF Apr. 2001 ver1.0 11 HMS87C130XA/120XA/110XA • RA0/EC0 Open Drain Data Reg. Data Bus Direction Reg. Data Bus Data Bus Read EC0 Schmitt Trigger • RA1/AN1 ~ RA7/AN7 VDD Data Reg. Data Bus Direction Reg. Data Bus VSS Data Bus Read To A/D Converter Analog Input Mode (ANSEL7 ~ 1) Analog CH. Selection (ADCM.4 ~ 2) 12 Apr. 2001 ver 1.0 HMS87C130XA/120XA/110XA • RB0 / AN0 / AVref VDD Data Reg. Data Bus AVREFS Direction Reg. Data Bus VSS Data Bus Read To A/D Converter Analog Input Mode (ANSEL0) Analog CH0 Selection (ADCM.4 ~ 2) Internal VDD 1 To Vref of A/D 0 AVREFS • RB1/BUZ, RB4/PWM0/COMP0 PWM/COMP BUZ VDD Data Reg. 1 0 Data Bus Function Select Direction Reg. Data Bus VSS Data Bus Read Note: RB1/BUZ pin is not available in HMS87C1104(2)A. Apr. 2001 ver1.0 13 HMS87C130XA/120XA/110XA • RB2/INT0, RB3/INT1 Open Drain Pull-up Select Weak Pull-up Data Reg. VDD Data Bus Function Select Direction Reg. Data Bus VSS Data Bus Read Schmitt Trigger INT0, INT1 Note: RB3/INT1 pin is not available in HMS87C1104(2)A . • RC0, RD2, RD3 Data Reg. Data Bus Direction Reg. Data Bus Data Bus Read Note: RC0, RD2, RD3 pins are not available in HMS87C1104(2)A Note: RD2, RD3 pins are not available in HMS87C1204(2) 14 Apr. 2001 ver 1.0 HMS87C130XA/120XA/110XA • RC1 Open Drain VDD Data Reg. Data Bus Direction Reg. Data Bus VSS Data Bus Read • RD0, RD1 Pull-up Select Weak Pull-up Data Reg. VDD Data Bus Direction Reg. Data Bus VSS Data Bus Read Apr. 2001 ver1.0 15 HMS87C130XA/120XA/110XA 7. ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS 7.1 Absolute Maximum Ratings Supply voltage ........................................... -0.3 to +6.0 V Storage Temperature ................................-40 to +125 °C Voltage on any pin with respect to Ground (VSS) ............................................................... -0.3 to VDD+0.3 Maximum current out of VSS pin ........................200 mA Maximum current into VDD pin ..........................150 mA Maximum current sunk by (IOL per I/O Pin) ........25 mA Maximum output current sourced by (IOH per I/O Pin) ...............................................................................15 mA Maximum current (ΣIOL) ....................................150 mA Maximum current (ΣIOH).................................... 100 mA Note: Stresses above those listed under “Absolute Maximum Ratings” may cause permanent damage to the device. This is a stress rating only and functional operation of the device at any other conditions above those indicated in the operational sections of this specification is not implied. Exposure to absolute maximum rating conditions for extended periods may affect device reliability. 7.2 Recommended Operating Conditions Specifications Parameter Symbol VDD Supply Voltage Operating Frequency Operating Temperature fXIN Condition Unit Min. Max. fXIN=8MHz 4.5 5.5 V fXIN=4.2MHz 2.0 5.5 V VDD=4.5~5.5V 1 8 MHz VDD=2.0~5.5V 1 4.2 MHz -20 85 °C TOPR 7.3 A/D Converter Characteristics (TA=25°C, VSS=0V, VDD=5.12V @fXIN =8MHz, VDD=3.072V @fXIN =4MHz) Specifications Parameter Analog Input Voltage Range Analog Power Supply Input Voltage Range Symbol VAIN VREF Condition Unit Min. Typ. Max. AVREFS=0 VSS - VDD AVREFS=1 VSS - VREF VDD=5V 3 - VDD V VDD=3V 2.4 - VDD V V Overall Accuracy NACC - ±1.0 ±1.5 LSB Non-Linearity Error NNLE - ±1.0 ±1.5 LSB Differential Non-Linearity Error NDNLE - ±1.0 ±1.5 LSB Zero Offset Error NZOE - ±0.5 ±1.5 LSB Full Scale Error NFSE - ±0.25 ±0.5 LSB Gain Error NNLE - ±1.0 ±1.5 LSB fXIN=8MHz - - 10 fXIN=4MHz - - 20 AVREFS=1 - 0.5 1.0 Conversion Time AVREF Input Current 16 TCONV IREF µS mA Apr. 2001 ver 1.0 HMS87C130XA/120XA/110XA 7.4 DC Electrical Characteristics (TA=-20~85°C, VDD=2.0~5.5V, VSS=0V), Specifications Parameter Symbol Pin Condition Unit Min. Typ. Max. VIH1 RESET 0.8 VDD - VDD VIH2 XIN, Hysteresis Input1 0.8 VDD - VDD VIH3 Normal Input 0.7 VDD - VDD VIL1 RESET 0 - 0.2 VDD VIL2 XIN, Hysteresis Input1 0 - 0.2 VDD VIL3 Normal Input 0 - 0.3 VDD Output High Voltage VOH All Output Port VDD=5V, IOH=-5mA VDD -1 - - V Output Low Voltage VOL All Output Port VDD=5V, IOL=10mA - - 1 V IP RB2, RB3, RD0, RD1 VDD=5V -450 -380 -300 µA Input High Leakage Current IIH1 All Pins (except XIN) VDD=5V - - 5 µA IIH2 XIN VDD=5V - - 15 µA Input Low Leakage Current IIL1 All Pins (except XIN) VDD=5V -5 - - µA IIL2 XIN VDD=5V -15 - - µA | VT | Hysteresis Input1 VDD=5V 0.5 - - V VPFD1 VDD PFD Level = 0, VDD=5V 2.0 2.5 3.0 VPFD2 VDD PFD Level = 1, VDD=3V 1.5 1.7 1.9 VDD=5.0V, fXIN=8MHz 60 200 VDD=3.0V, fXIN=4MHz 150 300 VDD=5.5V, fXIN=8MHz - 2 5 VDD=3.0V, fXIN=4MHz - 1 2 VDD=5.5V, fXIN=8MHz - 0.1 0.5 VDD=3.0V, fXIN=4MHz - 0.03 0.1 VDD=5.5V - - 50 VDD=3.0V - - 30 VDD=5.5V, fXIN=8MHz - 0.7 1.6 VDD=3.0V, fXIN=4MHz - 0.2 0.8 VDD=5V, R=10KΩ, C=20pF 3 5 VDD=5V, R=10KΩ 5 9 Input High Voltage Input Low Voltage Input Pull-up Current2 Hysteresis PFD Voltage Internal RC WDT Period Operating Current3 TRCWDT IDD VDD Wake-up Timer Mode Current IWKUP VDD RCWDT Mode Current at STOP Mode IRCWDT VDD ISTOP VDD Stop Mode Current External RC Oscillator Frequency FRC XOUT V V V µS mA mA µA µA MHz 1. Hysteresis Input: RA0, RB2, RB3 2. This parameter is valid when the bit PUPSELx is selected and set the input mode or interrupt input function. 3. This value is measured under NOP instruction execution. Apr. 2001 ver1.0 17 HMS87C130XA/120XA/110XA 7.5 AC Characteristics (TA=-20~+85°C, VDD=5V±10%, VSS=0V) Specifications Parameter Symbol Pins Unit Min. Typ. Max. fCP XIN 1 - 8 MHz tCPW XIN 80 - - nS tRCP,tFCP XIN - - 20 nS Oscillation Stabilizing Time tST XIN, XOUT - - 20 mS External Input Pulse Width tEPW INT0, INT1, EC0 2 - - tSYS RESET Input Width tRST RESET 8 - - tSYS Operating Frequency External Clock Pulse Width External Clock Transition Time tCPW 1/fCP tCPW VDD-0.5V XIN 0.5V tSYS tRCP tFCP tRST RESET 0.2VDD tEPW tEPW 0.8VDD INT0, INT1 EC0 0.2VDD Figure 7-1 Timing Chart 18 Apr. 2001 ver 1.0 HMS87C130XA/120XA/110XA 7.6 Typical Characteristics This graphs and tables provided in this section are for design guidance only and are not tested or guaranteed. In some graphs or tables the data presented are outside specified operating range (e.g. outside specified VDD range). This is for information only and devices are guaranteed to operate properly only within the specified range. The data presented in this section is a statistical summary of data collected on units from different lots over a period of time. “Typical” represents the mean of the distribution while “max” or “min” represents (mean + 3σ) and (mean − 3σ) respectively where σ is standard deviation Operating Area Normal Operation (NOP) IDD−VDD fXIN (MHz) IDD (mA) Ta= 25°C 10 Ta=25°C 4 8 3 fXIN = 8MHz 6 2 4 1 4MHz 2 0 0 2 3 4 5 2 VDD (V) 6 STOP Mode ISTOP−VDD IDD (µA) 3 4 5 VDD 6 (V) Wake-up Timer Mode IWKUP−VDD fXIN = 8MHz 2.0 -25°C IDD (mA) 25°C 2.0 Ta=25°C 85°C 1.5 1.5 1.0 1.0 0.5 0.5 fXIN = 8MHz 0 2 3 4 5 VDD 6 (V) 4MHz 0 2 3 4 5 VDD 6 (V) RC-WDT in Stop Mode IRCWDT−VDD IDD (µA) Ta=25°C 20 TRCWDT = 180uS 15 10 5 0 2 Apr. 2001 ver1.0 3 4 5 VDD 6 (V) 19 HMS87C130XA/120XA/110XA IOL−VOL, VDD=5V IOH−VOH, VDD=5V IOL (mA) IOH (mA) -25°C 25°C 40 -25°C 25°C -20 85°C 85°C -15 30 -10 20 -5 10 0 0.5 VIH1 (V) 1 1.5 0 VOL 2.5 (V) VDD−VIH1 XIN, RESET 2 VDD−VIH2 VIH2 (V) fXIN=4MHz Ta=25°C Hysteresis input f XIN =4M H z Ta=25°C 3 4 VIH3 (V) 4 3 3 3 2 2 2 1 1 1 1 VIL1 (V) 2 3 4 5 VDD 6 (V) VDD−VIL1 XIN, RESET 4 0 2 3 VDD−VIL2 VIL2 (V) fXIN=4MHz Ta=25°C 4 5 VDD 6 (V) Hysteresis input f XIN =4M H z Ta=25°C VIL3 (V) 3 3 2 2 2 1 1 1 3 4 5 VDD 6 (V) 4 0 2 3 4 5 VDD 6 (V) 3 VDD−VIL3 3 2 f XIN =4M H z Ta=25°C 2 4 1 Normal input 0 4 0 VOH 6 (V) 5 VDD−VIH3 4 0 20 2 4 5 VDD 6 (V) Normal input f XIN =4M H z Ta=25°C 0 2 3 4 5 VDD 6 (V) Apr. 2001 ver 1.0 HMS87C130XA/120XA/110XA With External Capacitor REXT 10KΩ 30KΩ 50KΩ CEXT fOSC @ 5V,25°C fOSC @ 3V,25°C 10pF 4.9MHz 3.94MHz 20pF 3.35MHz 2.72MHz 40pF 2.12MHz 1.74MHz 10pF 1.81MHz 1.57MHz 20pF 1.21MHz 1.04MHz 40pF 0.75MHz 0.65MHz 10pF 1.11MHz 0.98MHz 20pF 0.74MHz 0.65MHz 40pF 0.46MHz 0.40MHz Without External Capcitor fOSC @ 5V,25°C fOSC @ 3V,25°C 7.29MHz 5.1MHz 2.96MHz 2.37MHz 1.85MHz 1.55MHz Table 7-1 RC Oscillation Frequencies (with CEXT and without CEXT) Apr. 2001 ver1.0 21 HMS87C130XA/120XA/110XA 8. MEMORY ORGANIZATION The HMS87C1X0XA has separate address spaces for Program memory and Data Memory. Program memory can only be read, not written to. It can be up to 2K/4K bytes of Program memory. Data memory can be read and written to up to 128 bytes including the stack area. 8.1 Registers This device has six registers that are the Program Counter (PC), a Accumulator (A), two index registers (X, Y), the Stack Pointer (SP), and the Program Status Word (PSW). The Program Counter consists of 16-bit register. A ACCUMULATOR X X REGISTER Y Y REGISTER SP PCH STACK POINTER PCL PROGRAM COUNTER PSW PROGRAM STATUS WORD Generally, SP is automatically updated when a subroutine call is executed or an interrupt is accepted. However, if it is used in excess of the stack area permitted by the data memory allocating configuration, the user-processed data may be lost. The stack can be located at any position within 00H to 7FH of the internal data memory. The SP is not initialized by hardware, requiring to write the initial value (the location with which the use of the stack starts) by using the initialization routine. Normally, the initial value of “7FH” is used. Stack Address (000H ~ 07FH) 15 8 0 Figure 8-1 Configuration of Registers Accumulator: The Accumulator is an 8-bit general purpose register, used for data operation such as transfer, temporary saving, and conditional judgement, etc. The Accumulator can be used as a 16-bit register with Y Register as shown below. Y Y A A Two 8-bit Registers can be used as a “YA” 16-bit Register Figure 8-2 Configuration of YA 16-bit Register X, Y Registers: In the addressing mode which uses these index registers, the register contents are added to the specified address, which becomes the actual address. These modes are extremely effective for referencing subroutine tables and memory tables. The index registers also have increment, decrement, comparison and data transfer functions, and they can be used as simple accumulators. Stack Pointer: The Stack Pointer is an 8-bit register used for occurrence interrupts and calling out subroutines. Stack Pointer identifies the location in the stack to be accessed (save or restore). 22 7 0 SP Hardware fixed Note: The Stack Pointer must be initialized by software because its value is undefined after RESET. Example: To initialize the SP LDX #07FH TXSP ; SP ← 7FH Program Counter: The Program Counter is a 16-bit wide which consists of two 8-bit registers, PCH and PCL. This counter indicates the address of the next instruction to be executed. In reset state, the program counter has reset routine address (PCH:0FFH, PCL:0FEH). Program Status Word: The Program Status Word (PSW) contains several bits that reflect the current state of the CPU. The PSW is described in Figure 8-3. It contains the Negative flag, the Overflow flag, the Break flag the Half Carry (for BCD operation), the Interrupt enable flag, the Zero flag, and the Carry flag. [Carry flag C] This flag stores any carry or borrow from the ALU of CPU after an arithmetic operation and is also changed by the Shift Instruction or Rotate Instruction. [Zero flag Z] This flag is set when the result of an arithmetic operation or data transfer is “0” and is cleared by any other result. Apr. 2001 ver 1.0 HMS87C130XA/120XA/110XA MSB PSW N LSB V - B H I Z C RESET VALUE: 00H CARRY FLAG RECEIVES CARRY OUT NEGATIVE FLAG OVERFLOW FLAG ZERO FLAG BRK FLAG INTERRUPT ENABLE FLAG HALF CARRY FLAG RECEIVES CARRY OUT FROM BIT 1 OF ADDITION OPERLANDS Figure 8-3 PSW (Program Status Word) Register [Interrupt disable flag I] dress. This flag enables/disables all interrupts except interrupt caused by Reset or software BRK instruction. All interrupts are disabled when cleared to “0”. This flag immediately becomes “0” when an interrupt is served. It is set by the EI instruction and cleared by the DI instruction. [Overflow flag V] [Half carry flag H] After operation, this is set when there is a carry from bit 3 of ALU or there is no borrow from bit 4 of ALU. This bit can not be set or cleared except CLRV instruction with Overflow flag (V). [Break flag B] This flag is set by software BRK instruction to distinguish BRK from TCALL instruction with the same vector ad- Apr. 2001 ver1.0 This flag is set to “1” when an overflow occurs as the result of an arithmetic operation involving signs. An overflow occurs when the result of an addition or subtraction exceeds +127(7FH) or -128(80H). The CLRV instruction clears the overflow flag. There is no set instruction. When the BIT instruction is executed, bit 6 of memory is copied to this flag. [Negative flag N] This flag is set to match the sign bit (bit 7) status of the result of a data or arithmetic operation. When the BIT instruction is executed, bit 7 of memory is copied to this flag. 23 HMS87C130XA/120XA/110XA 8.2 Program Memory A 16-bit program counter is capable of addressing up to 64K bytes, but these devices have 4K/2K bytes program memory space only physically implemented. Accessing a location above FFFFH will cause a wrap-around to 0000H. Example: Usage of TCALL Figure 8-4, shows a map of Program Memory. After reset, the CPU begins execution from reset vector which is stored in address FFFEH and FFFFH as shown in Figure 8-5. ; ;TABLE CALL ROUTINE ; FUNC_A: LDA LRG0 RET ; FUNC_B: LDA LRG1 2 RET ; ;TABLE CALL ADD. AREA ; ORG 0FFC0H DW FUNC_A DW FUNC_B As shown in Figure 8-4, each area is assigned a fixed location in Program Memory. Program Memory area contains the user program. #5 TCALL 0FH : : ;1BYTE INSTR UCTIO N ;INSTEAD OF 3 BYTES ;NOR M AL C ALL 1 ;TCALL ADDRESS AREA F800H HMS87C1302A HMS87C1304A F000H LDA PROGRAM MEMORY FEFFH FF00H FFC0H FFDFH FFE0H FFFFH TCALL AREA PCALL AREA INTERRUPT VECTOR AREA Figure 8-4 Program Memory Map The interrupt causes the CPU to jump to specific location, where it commences the execution of the service routine. The External interrupt 0, for example, is assigned to location 0FFFAH. The interrupt service locations spaces 2-byte interval: 0FFF8H and 0FFF9H for External Interrupt 1, 0FFFAH and 0FFFBH for External Interrupt 0, etc. As for the area from 0FF00H to 0FFFFH, if any area of them is not going to be used, its service location is available as general purpose Program Memory. Address 0FFE0H Page Call (PCALL) area contains subroutine program to reduce program byte length by using 2 bytes PCALL instead of 3 bytes CALL instruction. If it is frequently called, it is more useful to save program byte length. Table Call (TCALL) causes the CPU to jump to each TCALL address, where it commences the execution of the service routine. The Table Call service area spaces 2-byte for every TCALL: 0FFC0H for TCALL15, 0FFC2H for TCALL14, etc., as shown in Figure 8-6. E2 Vector Area Memory - E4 - E6 Basic Interval Interrupt Vector Area E8 Watchdog Timer Interrupt Vector Area EA A/D Converter Interrupt Vector Area EC - EE - F0 - F2 - F4 Timer/Counter 1 Interrupt Vector Area F6 Timer/Counter 0 Interrupt Vector Area F8 External Interrupt 1 Vector Area FA External Interrupt 0 Vector Area FC - FE RESET Vector Area NOTE: “-” means reserved area. Figure 8-5 Interrupt Vector Area 24 Apr. 2001 ver 1.0 HMS87C130XA/120XA/110XA Address Address Program Memory 0FFC0H C1 TCALL 15 C2 C3 C4 C5 C6 C7 C8 C9 CA CB CC CD CE CF PCALL Area Memory 0FF00H PCALL Area (256 Bytes) 0FFFFH TCALL 14 TCALL 13 TCALL 12 TCALL 11 TCALL 10 TCALL 9 TCALL 8 D0 D1 D2 D3 D4 D5 D6 D7 D8 D9 DA DB DC DD DE DF TCALL 7 TCALL 6 TCALL 5 TCALL 4 TCALL 3 TCALL 2 TCALL 1 TCALL 0 / BRK * NOTE: * means that the BRK software interrupt is using same address with TCALL0. Figure 8-6 PCALL and TCALL Memory Area PCALL→ → rel TCALL→ →n 4F35 4A PCALL 35H TCALL 4 4A 4F 35 ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ 0F125H ~ ~ NEXT 0FF00H 0FF35H 0FFFFH 01001010 ➊ PC: 11111111 11010110 FH FH DH 6H ➌ NEXT 0FF00H 0FFD6H 25 0FFD7H F1 Reverse ➋ 0FFFFH Apr. 2001 ver1.0 25 HMS87C130XA/120XA/110XA Example: The usage software example of Vector address and the initialize part. ORG 0FFE0H DW DW DW DW DW DW DW DW DW DW DW DW DW DW DW DW NOT_USED NOT_USED NOT_USED BIT_INT WDT_INT AD_INT NOT_USED NOT_USED NOT_USED NOT_USED TMR1_INT TMR0_INT INT1 INT0 NOT_USED RESET ORG 0F000H ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; (0FFE0) (0FFE2) (0FFE4) (0FFE6) (0FFE8) (0FFEA) (0FFEC) (0FFEE) (0FFF0) (0FFF2) (0FFF4) (0FFF6) (0FFF8) (0FFFA) (0FFFC) (0FFFE) Basic Interval Timer Watchdog Timer A/D Timer-1 Timer-0 Int.1 Int.0 Reset ;******************************************** ; MAIN PROGRAM * ;******************************************* ; RESET: DI ;Disable All Interrupts LDX #0 RAM_CLR: LDA #0 ;RAM Clear(!0000H->!007FH) STA {X}+ CMPX #080H BNE RAM_CLR ; LDX #07FH ;Stack Pointer Initialize TXSP ; CALL INITIAL ; ; LDM RA, #0 ;Normal Port A LDM RAIO,#1000_0010B ;Normal Port Direction LDM RB, #0 ;Normal Port B LDM RBIO,#0000_0010B ;Normal Port Direction : : LDM PFDR,#0 ;Enable Power Fail Detector : : 26 Apr. 2001 ver 1.0 HMS87C130XA/120XA/110XA 8.3 Data Memory Figure 8-7 shows the internal Data Memory space available. Data Memory is divided into two groups, a user RAM (including Stack) and control registers. 0000H USER MEMORY (including STACK) 007FH PAGE0 0080H 00BFH 00C0H CONTROL REGISTERS 00FFH Figure 8-7 Data Memory Map User Memory The HMS87C1X0XA has 128 × 8 bits for the user memory (RAM). Control Registers The control registers are used by the CPU and Peripheral function blocks for controlling the desired operation of the device. Therefore these registers contain control and status bits for the interrupt system, the timer/ counters, analog to digital converters and I/O ports. The control registers are in address range of 0C0H to 0FFH. Note that unoccupied addresses may not be implemented on the chip. Read accesses to these addresses will in general return random data, and write accesses will have an indeterminate effect. More detailed informations of each register are explained in each peripheral section. Address Symbol R/W RESET Value Addressing m ode 0C0H 0C1H 0C2H 0C3H 0C4H 0C5H 0C6H 0C7H 0CAH 0CBH 0CCH RA RAIO RB RBIO RC RCIO RD RDIO RAFUNC RBFUNC PUPSEL R/W W R/W W R/W W R/W W W W W Undefined 0000_0000 Undefined 0000_0000 Undefined ----_--00 Undefined ----_0000 0000_0000 0000_0000 ----_0000 byte, bit1 byte2 byte, bit byte byte, bit byte byte, bit byte byte byte byte 0D0H 0D1H 0D1H 0D1H 0D2H 0D3H 0D3H 0D4H 0D4H 0D4H 0D5H TM0 T0 TDR0 CDR0 TM1 TDR1 T1PPR T1 CDR1 T1PDR PWM0HR R/W R W R R/W W W R R R/W W --00_0000 0000_0000 1111_1111 0000_0000 0000_0000 1111_1111 1111_1111 0000_0000 0000_0000 0000_0000 ----_0000 byte, bit byte byte byte byte, bit byte byte byte byte byte, bit byte 0DEH BUR W 1111_1111 byte 0E2H 0E3H 0E4H 0E5H 0E6H 0EAH 0EBH 0ECH 0ECH 0EDH 0EDH 0EFH IENH IENL IRQH IRQL IEDS ADCM ADCR BITR CKCTLR WDTR WDTR PFDR R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W R R W R W R/W 0000_---000-_---0000_---000-_-------_0000 --00_0001 Undefined 0000_0000 -001_0111 0000_0000 0111_1111 ----_0100 byte, bit byte, bit byte, bit byte, bit byte, bit byte, bit byte byte byte byte byte byte, bit Table 8-1 Control Registers Note: Write only registers can not be accessed by bit manipulation instruction. Do not use read-modify-write instruction. Use byte manipulation instruction. 1. “byte, bit” means that register can be addressed by not only bit but byte manipulation instruction. 2. “byte” means that register can be addressed by only byte manipulation instruction. On the other hand, do not use any read-modify-write instruction such as bit manipulation for clearing bit. Example; To write at CKCTLR LDM CKCTLR,#09H ;Divide ratio ÷16 Apr. 2001 ver1.0 27 HMS87C130XA/120XA/110XA Note: Several names are given at same address. Refer to below table. When read When write Addr. Timer Mode Capture Mode PWM Mode Timer Mode PWM Mode D1H T0 CDR0 - TDR0 - TDR1 T1PPR - T1PDR D3H D4H ECH T1 CDR1 BITR T1PDR CKCTLR Table 8-2 Various Register Name in Same Address 28 Stack Area The stack provides the area where the return address is saved before a jump is performed during the processing routine at the execution of a subroutine call instruction or the acceptance of an interrupt. When returning from the processing routine, executing the subroutine return instruction [RET] restores the contents of the program counter from the stack; executing the interrupt return instruction [RETI] restores the contents of the program counter and flags. The save/restore locations in the stack are determined by the stack pointed (SP). The SP is automatically decreased after the saving, and increased before the restoring. This means the value of the SP indicates the stack location number for the next save. Apr. 2001 ver 1.0 HMS87C130XA/120XA/110XA Address Name Bit 7 Bit 6 Bit 5 Bit 4 Bit 3 Bit 2 Bit 1 Bit 0 C0H RA RA Port Data Register C1H RAIO RA Port Direction Register C2H RB RB Port Data Register C3H RBIO RB Port Direction Register C4H RC RC Port Data Register C5H RCIO RC Port Direction Register C6H RD RD Port Data Register C7H RDIO RD Port Direction Register CAH RAFUNC ANSEL7 ANSEL6 ANSEL5 ANSEL4 ANSEL3 ANSEL2 ANSEL1 ANSEL0 CBH RBFUNC TMR2OV EC1I PWM1O PWM0O INT1I INT0I BUZO AVREFS CCH PUPSEL - - - - D0H TM0 - - CAP0 T0CK2 D1H T0/TDR0/ CDR0 D2H TM1 D3H TDR1/ T1PPR Timer1 Data Register / PWM0 Period Register D4H T1/CDR1/ T1PDR Timer1 Register / Capture1 Data Register / PWM0 Duty Register D5H PWM0HR PWM0 High Register DEH BUR BUCK1 BUCK0 BUR5 BUR4 BUR3 E2H IENH INT0E INT1E T0E T1E E3H IENL ADE WDTE BITE E4H IRQH INT0IF INT1IF E5H IRQL ADIF E6H IEDS EAH ADCM EBH ADCR ADC Result Data Register ECH BITR1 Basic Interval Timer Data Register ECH CKCTLR1 EDH WDTR WDTCL EFH PFDR2 - PUPSEL3 PUPSEL2 PUPSEL1 PUPSEL0 T0CK1 T0CK0 T0CN T0ST T1CN T1ST BUR2 BUR1 BUR0 - - - - - - - - - T0IF T1IF - - - - WDTIF BITIF - - - - - - - - - IED1H IED1L IED0H IED0L - - ADEN ADS2 ADS1 ADS0 ADST ADSF WDTON BTCL BTS2 BTS1 BTS0 PFDOPR PFDIS PFDM PFDS Timer0 Register / Timer0 Data Register / Capture0 Data Register POL - 16BIT WAKEUP PWM0E RCWDT CAP1 T1CK1 T1CK0 7-bit Watchdog Counter Register - - - Table 8-3 Control Registers of HMS87C1X0XA These registers of shaded area can not be accessed by bit manipulation instruction as “SET1, CLR1”, but should be accessed by register operation instruction as “LDM dp,#imm”. 1.The register BITR and CKCTLR are located at same address. Address ECH is read as BITR, written to CKCTLR. 2.The register PFDR only be implemented on devices, not on In-circuit Emulator. Apr. 2001 ver1.0 29 HMS87C130XA/120XA/110XA 8.4 Addressing Mode The HMS87C1X0XA uses six addressing modes; (3) Direct Page Addressing → dp • Register addressing In this mode, a address is specified within direct page. Example; • Immediate addressing C535 LDA ;A ←RAM[35H] 35H • Direct page addressing • Absolute addressing 0035H • Indexed addressing data ➋ ~ ~ • Register-indirect addressing ~ ~ 0F550H C5 0F551H 35 ➊ data → A (1) Register Addressing Register addressing accesses the A, X, Y, C and PSW. (2) Immediate Addressing → #imm In this mode, second byte (operand) is accessed as a data immediately. Example: 0435 ADC #35H MEMORY 04 A+35H+C → A 35 (4) Absolute Addressing → !abs Absolute addressing sets corresponding memory data to Data, i.e. second byte(Operand I) of command becomes lower level address and third byte (Operand II) becomes upper level address. With 3 bytes command, it is possible to access to whole memory area. ADC, AND, CMP, CMPX, CMPY, EOR, LDA, LDX, LDY, OR, SBC, STA, STX, STY Example; 0735F0 E45535 LDM 35H,#55H ADC data 0F035H ~ ~ 0F100H ➊ 0F100H 30 data ← 55H data 0035H ~ ~ ~ ~ ;A ←ROM[0F035H] !0F035H ➋ ~ ~ ➊ A+data+C → A 07 0F101H 35 0F102H F0 address: 0F035 ➋ E4 0F101H 55 0F102H 35 Apr. 2001 ver 1.0 HMS87C130XA/120XA/110XA The operation within data memory (RAM) ASL, BIT, DEC, INC, LSR, ROL, ROR Example; Addressing accesses the address 0135H. 983500 INC ;A ←RAM[035H] !0035H X indexed direct page, auto increment→ → {X}+ In this mode, a address is specified within direct page by the X register and the content of X is increased by 1. LDA, STA Example; X=35H DB data 0035H ~ ~ LDA {X}+ ➌ ~ ~ ➋ data+1 → data 0F100H 98 ➊ 0F101H 35 address: 0035 0F102H 00 35H ➋ data ~ ~ ~ ~ data → A ➊ 36H → X DB (5) Indexed Addressing X indexed direct page (no offset) → {X} In this mode, a address is specified by the X register. ADC, AND, CMP, EOR, LDA, OR, SBC, STA, XMA Example; X=15H D4 LDA {X} ;ACC←RAM[X]. X indexed direct page (8 bit offset) → dp+X This address value is the second byte (Operand) of command plus the data of -register. And it assigns the memory in Direct page. ADC, AND, CMP, EOR, LDA, LDY, OR, SBC, STA STY, XMA, ASL, DEC, INC, LSR, ROL, ROR Example; X=015H 15H ~ ~ 0F550H C645 data ~ ~ D4 LDA 45H+X ➋ data → A ➊ 5AH data ➌ ~ ~ Apr. 2001 ver1.0 ➋ ~ ~ 0F550H C6 0F551H 45 data → A ➊ 45H+15H=5AH 31 HMS87C130XA/120XA/110XA Y indexed direct page (8 bit offset) → dp+Y 3F35 JMP [35H] This address value is the second byte (Operand) of command plus the data of Y-register, which assigns Memory in Direct page. This is same with above (2). Use Y register instead of X. 35H 0A 36H F3 Y indexed absolute →!abs+Y ~ ~ Sets the value of 16-bit absolute address plus Y-register data as Memory. This addressing mode can specify memory in whole area. Example; Y=55H D500FA LDA ~ ~ D5 00 0F102H FA ~ ~ ~ ~ ➊ 3F 35 !0FA00H+Y 0F100H ➋ jump to address 0F30AH NEXT 0FA00H 0F101H 0FA55H 0F30AH ~ ~ ➊ 0FA00H+55H=0FA55H ~ ~ ➋ data ➌ data → A X indexed indirect → [dp+X] Processes memory data as Data, assigned by 16-bit pair memory which is determined by pair data [dp+X+1][dp+X] Operand plusX-register data in Direct page. ADC, AND, CMP, EOR, LDA, OR, SBC, STA Example; X=10H 1625 ADC [25H+X] (6) Indirect Addressing Direct page indirect → [dp] Assigns data address to use for accomplishing command which sets memory data(or pair memory) by Operand. Also index can be used with Index register X,Y. JMP, CALL 35H 05 36H F4 0F405H ~ ~ ➋ ~ ~ 0F405H ~ ~ Example; 0FA00H ~ ~ 16 25 32 ➊ 25 + X(10) = 35H data ➌ A + data + C → A Apr. 2001 ver 1.0 HMS87C130XA/120XA/110XA Y indexed indirect → [dp]+Y Absolute indirect → [!abs] Processes memory data as Data, assigned by the data [dp+1][dp] of 16-bit pair memory paired by Operand in Direct pageplus Y-register data. The program jumps to address specified by 16-bit absolute address. ADC, AND, CMP, EOR, LDA, OR, SBC, STA Example; Y=10H 1725 ADC JMP Example; 1F25F0 JMP [!0F025H] [25H]+Y PROGRAM MEMORY 25H 05 0F025H 25 26H F7 0F026H F8 ~ ~ 0F715H ~ ~ 0FA00H 0F705H + Y(10) = 0F715H ➊ data ~ ~ ➋ ~ ~ ➊ 0F825H 0FA00H 17 Apr. 2001 ver1.0 ➌ A + data + C → A ➋ jump to address 0F80AH NEXT ~ ~ ~ ~ 25 ~ ~ ~ ~ 1F 25 F0 33 HMS87C130XA/120XA/110XA 9. I/O PORTS The HMS87C1X0XA has four ports, RA, RB, RC and RD. These ports pins may be multiplexed with an alternate function for the peripheral features on the device. In general, when a initial reset state, all ports are used as a general purpose input port. All pins have data direction registers which can set these ports as output or input. An “1” in the port direction register defines the corresponding port pin as output. Conversely, write “0” to the corresponding bit to specify as an input pin. For example, to use the even numbered bit of RA as output ports and the odd numbered bits as input ports, write “55H” to address C1H (RA direction register) during initial setting as shown in Figure 9-1. Reading data register reads the status of the pins whereas writing to it will write to the port latch. WRITE “55H” TO PORT RA DIRECTION REGISTER C0H RA DATA C1H RA DIRECTION C2H RB DATA C3H RB DIRECTION 0 1 0 1 0 1 0 1 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 I O I BIT O I O I O 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 PORT I: INPUT PORT O: OUTPUT PORT Figure 9-1 Example of port I/O assignment 9.1 RA and RAIO registers RA is an 8-bit bidirectional I/O port (address C0H). Each port can be set individually as input and output through the RAIO register (address C1H). RA1~RA7 ports are multiplexed with Analog Input Port (AN1~AN7) and RA0 port is multiplexed with Event Counter Input Port (EC0). RA Data Register RA ADDRESS : C0H RESET VALUE : Undefined RA7 RA6 RA5 RA4 RA3 RA2 RA1 RA0 INPUT / OUTPUT DATA RA Direction Register select alternate function. After reset, this value is “0”, port may be used as general I/O ports. To select alternate function such as Analog Input or External Event Counter Input, write “1” to the corresponding bit of RAFUNC.Regardless of the direction register RAIO, RAFUNC is selected to use as alternate functions, port pin can be used as a corresponding alternate features (RA0/EC0 is controlled by RBFUNC) PORT RAFUNC.7~0 Description 0 RA7 (Normal I/O Port) 1 AN7 (ADS2~0=111) 0 RA6 (Normal I/O Port) 1 AN6 (ADS2~0=110) 0 RA5 (Normal I/O Port) 1 AN5 (ADS2~0=101) 0 RA4 (Normal I/O Port) 1 AN4 (ADS2~0=100) 0 RA3 (Normal I/O Port) 1 AN3 (ADS2~0=011) 0 RA2 (Normal I/O Port) 1 AN2 (ADS2~0=010) 0 RA1 (Normal I/O Port) 1 AN1 (ADS2~0=001) RA7/AN7 ADDRESS : C1H RESET VALUE : 00000000 RA6/AN6 RAIO DIRECTION SELECT 0 : INPUT PORT 1 : OUTPUT PORT RA5/AN5 RA4/AN4 RA Function Selection Register RAFUNC ADDRESS : CAH RESET VALUE : 00000000 ANSEL7 ANSEL6 ANSEL5 ANSEL4 ANSEL3 ANSEL2 ANSEL1 ANSEL0 0 : RA4 1 : AN4 0 : RA5 1 : AN5 0 : RA6 1 : AN6 0 : RA7 1 : AN7 0 : RB0 1 : AN0 0 : RA1 1 : AN1 0 : RA2 1 : AN2 0 : RA3 1 : AN3 RA3/AN3 RA2/AN2 RA1/AN1 RA0/EC01 Figure 9-2 Registers of Port RA The control register RAFUNC (address CAH) controls to 34 RA0 (Normal I/O Port) EC0 (T0CK2~0=111) 1. This port is not an Analog Input port, but Event Counter clock source input port. EC0 is controlled by setting TOCK2~0 = 111. The bit RAFUNC.0 (ANSEL0) controls the RB0/AN0/AVref port (Refer to Port RB). Apr. 2001 ver 1.0 HMS87C130XA/120XA/110XA 9.2 RB and RBIO registers sponding bit of RBFUNC. RB is a 5-bit bidirectional I/O port (address C2H). Each pin can be set individually as input and output through the RBIO register (address C3H). In addition, Port RB is multiplexed with various special features. The control register RBFUNC (address CBH) controls to select alternate function. After reset, this value is “0”, port may be used as general I/O ports. To select alternate function such as External interrupt or Timer compare output, write “1” to the corre- - - And RB2/INT0, RB3/INT1 have a function of pull-up transistor by setting the PUPSEL0 and PUPSEL1 of PUPSEL register. Pull-up Selection Register RB Data Register RB - Regardless of the direction register RBIO, RBFUNC is selected to use as alternate functions, port pin can be used as a corresponding alternate features. ADDRESS : C2H RESET VALUE : Undefined ADDRESS : CCH RESET VALUE : ----0000 PUPSEL RB4 RB3 RB2 RB1 RB0 - - - - - - - PUPSEL1 PUPSEL0 RB1 / INT1 Pull-up 0 : No Pull-up 1 : With Pull-up INPUT / OUTPUT DATA RB Direction Register RBIO - RB0 / INT0 Pull-up 0 : No Pull-up 1 : With Pull-up Interrupt Edge Selection Register ADDRESS : C3H RESET VALUE : ---00000 ADDRESS : E6H RESET VALUE : ----0000 IEDS - - - - - IED1H IED1L IED0H INT1 IED0L INT0 External Interrupt Edge Select DIRECTION SELECT 0 : INPUT PORT 1 : OUTPUT PORT 00 : Normal I/O port 01 : Falling (1-to-0 transition) 10 : Rising (0-to-1 transition) 11 : Both (Rising & Falling) ADDRESS : CBH RESET VALUE : ---00000 RB Function Selection Register RBFUNC - - - PWM0O INT1I INT0I BUZO AVREFS 0 : RB0 when ANSEL0 = 0 AN0 when ANSEL0 = 1 1 : AVREF 0 : RB4 1 : PWM0 Output or Compare Output 0 : RB1 1 : BUZ Output 0 : RB2 1 : INT0 0 : RB3 1 : INT1 Figure 9-3 Registers of Port RB Apr. 2001 ver1.0 35 HMS87C130XA/120XA/110XA PORT RBFUNC.4~0 RB4/ PWM0/ COMP0 0 RB4 (Normal I/O Port) 1 PWM0 Output / Timer1 Compare Output 0 RB3 (Normal I/O Port) 1 External Interrupt Input 1 0 RB2 (Normal I/O Port) 1 External Interrupt Input 0 0 RB1 (Normal I/O Port) 1 Buzzer Output 01 RB0 (Normal I/O Port)/ AN0 (ANSEL0=1) 12 External Analog Reference Voltage RB3/INT1 RB2/INT0 RB1/BUZ RB0/AN0/ AVREF Description 1. When ANSEL0 = “0”, this port is defined for normal I/O port (RB0). When ANSEL0 = “1” and ADS2~0 = “000”, this port can be used Analog Input Port (AN0). 2. When this bit set to “1”, this port defined for AVREF, so it can not be used Analog Input Port AN0 and Normal I/O Port RB0. 9.3 RC and RCIO registers RC is a 2-bit bidirectional I/O port (address C4H). Each pin can be set individually as input and output through the ADDRESS : C4H RESET VALUE : Undefined RC Data Register RC - - - - - - RC1 RC0 RCIO register (address C5H). ADDRESS : C5H RESET VALUE : ------00 RC Direction Register RCIO - INPUT / OUTPUT DATA - - - - DIRECTION SELECT 0 : INPUT PORT 1 : OUTPUT PORT Figure 9-4 Registers of Port RC 36 Apr. 2001 ver 1.0 HMS87C130XA/120XA/110XA 9.4 RD and RDIO registers RD is a 4-bit bidirectional I/O port (address C6H). Each pin can be set individually as input and output through the RDIO register (address C7H) - - - ADDRESS : C6H RESET VALUE : Undefined PUPSEL RD3 RD2 RD1 RD0 - INPUT / OUTPUT DATA RD Direction Register RDIO - - - . Pull-up Selection Register RD Data Register RD - And RD0, RD1 have a function of pull-up transistor by setting the PUPSEL2 and PUPSEL3 of PUPSEL register. ADDRESS : CCH RESET VALUE : ----0000 - - - PUPSEL3 PUPSEL2 RD1 Pull-up 0 : No Pull-up 1 : With Pull-up ADDRESS : C7H RESET VALUE : -----0000 - - RD0 Pull-up 0 : No Pull-up 1 : With Pull-up - DIRECTION SELECT 0 : INPUT PORT 1 : OUTPUT PORT Figure 9-5 Registers of Port RD Apr. 2001 ver1.0 37 HMS87C130XA/120XA/110XA 10. CLOCK GENERATOR Xin and Xout pins. External clocks can be input to the main system clock oscillator. In this case, input a clock signal to the Xin pin and open the Xout pin. The clock generator produces the basic clock pulses which provide the system clock to be supplied to the CPU and peripheral hardware. The main system clock oscillator oscillates with a crystal resonator or a ceramic resonator connected to the OSCILLATION CIRCUIT fXIN CLOCK PULSE GENERATOR Internal system clock PRESCALER STOP WAKEUP ÷1 ÷2 ÷4 ÷8 ÷16 ÷32 ÷64 ÷128 ÷256 ÷512 ÷1024 ÷2048 Peripheral clock Figure 10-1 Block Diagram of Clock Pulse Generator 10.1 Oscillation Circuit XIN and XOUT are the input and output, respectively, a inverting amplifier which can be set for use as an on-chip oscillator, as shown in Figure 10-2. XOUT C1 C2 R1 values of external components. OPEN External Clock Source XOUT XIN Vss XIN Vss Figure 10-3 External Clock Connections Recommended: C1, C2 = 30pF±10pF for Crystals R1 = 1MΩ Figure 10-2 Oscillator Connections To drive the device from an external clock source, Xout should be left unconnected while Xin is driven as shown in Figure 10-3. There are no requirements on the duty cycle of the external clock signal, since the input to the internal clocking circuitry is through a divide-by-two flip-flop, but minimum and maximum high and low times specified on the data sheet must be observed. Oscillation circuit is designed to be used either with a ceramic resonator or crystal oscillator. Since each crystal and ceramic resonator have their own characteristics, the user should consult the crystal manufacturer for appropriate 38 Note: When using a system clock oscillator, carry out wiring in the broken line area in Figure 10-2 to prevent any effects from wiring capacities. - Minimize the wiring length. - Do not allow wiring to intersect with other signal conductors. - Do not allow wiring to come near changing high current. - Set the potential of the grounding position of the oscillator capacitor to that of VSS. Do not ground to any ground pattern where high current is present. - Do not fetch signals from the oscillator. In addition, the HMS87C1X0XA has an ability for the external RC oscillated operation. It offers additional cost savings for timing insensitive applications. The RC Apr. 2001 ver 1.0 HMS87C130XA/120XA/110XA oscillator frequency is a function of the supply voltage, the external resistor (REXT) and capacitor (CEXT) values, and the operating temperature. saving. However, the characteristics of external R only oscillation are more variable than external RC oscillation. VDD The user needs to take into account variation due to tolerance of external R and C components used. REXT XIN Figure 10-4 shows how the RC combination is connected to the HMS87C1X0XA. CINT ≈ 6pF Vdd fXIN÷4 REXT XOUT XIN Cint ≈ 6pF CEXT Figure 10-5 R Oscillator Connections fXIN÷4 XOUT The oscillator frequency, divided by 4, is output from the Xout pin, and can be used for test purpose or to synchroze other logic. Figure 10-4 RC Oscillator Connections External capacitor (CEXT) can be omitted for more cost Apr. 2001 ver1.0 To set the RC oscillation, it should be programmed RCOPT bit to "1" to CONFIG (707FH). ( Refer to Section "20.1". ) 39 HMS87C130XA/120XA/110XA 11. BASIC INTERVAL TIMER If the STOP instruction executed after writing “1” to bit RCWDT of CKCTLR, it goes into the internal RC oscillated watchdog timer mode. In this mode, all of the block is halted except the internal RC oscillator, Basic Interval Timer and Watchdog Timer. More detail informations are explained in Power Saving Function. The bit WDTON decides Watchdog Timer or the normal 7-bit timer The HMS87C1X0XA has one 8-bit Basic Interval Timer that is free-run, can not stop. Block diagram is shown in Figure 11-1.The 8-bit Basic interval timer register (BITR) is increased every internal count pulse which is divided by prescaler. Since prescaler has divided ratio by 8 to 1024, the count rate is 1/8 to 1/1024 of the oscillator frequency. As the count overflows from FF H to 00H, this overflow causes to generate the Basic interval timer interrupt. The BITF is interrupt request flag of Basic interval timer. Note: All control bits of Basic interval timer are in CKCTLR register which is located at same address of BITR (address ECH). Address ECH is read as BITR, written to CKCTLR. Therefore, the CKCTLR can not be accessed by bit manipulation instruction. When write “1” to bit BTCL of CKCTLR, BITR register is cleared to “0” and restart to count-up. The bit BTCL becomes “0” after one machine cycle by hardware. If the STOP instruction executed after writing “1” to bit WAKEUP of CKCTLR, it goes into the wake-up timer mode. In this mode, all of the block is halted except the oscillator, prescaler (only fxin÷2048) and Timer0. . WAKEUP RCWDT STOP fXIN BTS[2:0] ÷8 ÷ 16 ÷ 32 ÷ 64 ÷ 128 ÷ 256 ÷ 512 ÷ 1024 BTCL 3 To Watchdog Timer Clear 8 MUX 0 BITIF BITR (8BIT) Basic Interval Timer Interrupt 1 Internal RC OSC Figure 11-1 Block Diagram of Basic Interval Timer Clock Control Register CKCTLR - WAKEUP RCWDT WDTON BTCL BTS2 BTS1 BTS0 ADDRESS : ECH RESET VALUE : -0010111 Bit Manipulation Not Available Basic Interval Timer Clock Selection Symbol WAKEUP Function Description 1 : Enables Wake-up Timer 0 : Disables Wake-up Timer RCWDT 1 : Enables Internal RC Watchdog Timer 0 : Disables Internal RC Watchdog Time WDTON 1 : Enables Watchdog Timer 0 : Operates as a 7-bit Timer BTCL 1 : BITR is cleared and BTCL becomes “0” automatically after one machine cycle, and BITR continue to count-up 000 : fXIN ÷ 8 001 : fXIN ÷ 16 010 : fXIN ÷ 32 011 : fXIN ÷ 64 100 : fXIN ÷ 128 101 : fXIN ÷ 256 110 : fXIN ÷ 512 111 : fXIN ÷ 1024 Figure 11-2 CKCTLR: Clock Control Register 40 Apr. 2001 ver 1.0 HMS87C130XA/120XA/110XA 12. TIMER / COUNTER The HMS87C1X0XA has two Timer/Counter registers. Each module can generate an interrupt to indicate that an event has occurred (i.e. timer match). Note: If changing the Timer value or starting again, it should be stop the timer clock firstly, and then set Timer register value. Timer 0 and Timer 1 can be used either two 8-bit Timer/ Counter or the one 16-bit Timer/Counter by combining them. In the “timer” function, the register is increased every internal clock input. Thus, one can think of it as counting internal clock input. Since a least clock consists of 2 and most clock consists of 2048 oscillator periods, the count rate is 1/2 to 1/2048 of the oscillator frequency in Timer0. And Timer1 can use the same clock source too. In addition, Timer1 has more fast clock source (1/1 to 1/8). In the “counter” function, the register is increased in response to a 0-to-1 (rising edge) transition at its corresponding external input pin, EC0(Timer 0). Ex) LDM LDM LDM TM0,#00001100B TDR,#7FH TM0,#00010111B In addition the “capture” function, the register is increased in response external interrupt same with timer function. When external interrupt edge input, the count register is captured into capture data register CDRx. Timer1 is shared with “PWM” function and “Compare output” function It has seven operating modes: “8-bit timer/counter”, “16bit timer/counter”, “8-bit capture”, “16-bit capture”, “8-bit compare output”, “16-bit compare output” and “10-bit PWM” which are selected by bit in Timer mode register TMx as shown in Figure 12-1 and Table 12-1. Timer 0 Mode Register TM0 - - CAP0 T0CK2 T0CK1 T0CK0 T0CN ADDRESS : D0H RESET VALUE : --000000 T0ST CAP0 Capture mode selection bit. 0 : Disables Capture 1 : Enables Capture T0CN Continue control bit 0 : Stop counting 1 : Start counting continuously T0CK[2:0] Input clock selection 000 : fXIN ÷ 2, 100 : fXIN ÷ 128 T0ST Start control bit 0 : Stop counting 1 : Start counting 001 : fXIN ÷ 4, 010 : fXIN ÷ 8, 101 : fXIN ÷ 512 110 : fXIN ÷ 2048 011 : fXIN ÷ 32, 111 : External Event ( EC0 ) Timer 1 Mode Register TM1 POL POL 16BIT PWM0E CAP1 T1CK1 T1CK0 T1CN ADDRESS : D2H RESET VALUE : 00000000 T1ST PWM Output Polarity 0 : Duty active low 1 : Duty active high T1CK[2:0] 16BIT 16-bit mode selection 0 : 8-bit mode 1 : 16-bit mode T1CN Continue control bit 0 : Stop counting 1 : Start counting continuously PWM0E PWM enable bit 0 : Disables PWM 1 : Enables PWM T1ST Start control bit 0 : Stop counting 1 : Start counting CAP1 Capture mode selection bit. 0 : Disables Capture 1 : Enables Capture Input clock selection 00 : fXIN 10 : fXIN ÷ 8 01 : fXIN ÷ 2 11 : using the Timer 0 clock Figure 12-1 Timer Mode Register (TM0, TM1) Apr. 2001 ver1.0 41 HMS87C130XA/120XA/110XA 16BIT CAP0 CAP1 PWME T0CK[2:0] T1CK[1:0] PWMO TIMER 0 TIMER1 0 0 0 0 XXX XX 0 8-bit Timer 8-bit Timer 0 0 1 0 111 XX 0 8-bit Event Counter 8-bit Capture 0 1 0 0 XXX XX 1 8-bit Capture 8-bit Compare output 0 X1 0 1 XXX XX 1 8-bit Timer/Counter 10-bit PWM 1 0 0 0 XXX 11 0 16-bit Timer 1 0 0 0 111 11 0 16-bit Event Counter 1 1 X 0 XXX 11 0 16-bit Capture 1 0 0 0 XXX 11 1 16-bit Compare output Table 12-1 Operating Modes of Timer 0 and Timer 1 1. X: The value “0” or “1” corresponding your operation. 12.1 8-bit Timer/Counter Mode The HMS87C1X0XA has four 8-bit Timer/Counters, Timer 0 and Timer 1 as shown in Figure 12-2. The “timer” or “counter” function is selected by mode registers TMx as shown in Figure 12-1 and Table 12-1. To use TM0 TM1 as an 8-bit timer/counter mode, bit CAP0 of TM0 is cleared to “0” and bits 16BIT of TM1 should be cleared to “0”(Table 12-1). - - CAP0 T0CK2 T0CK1 T0CK0 T0CN T0ST - - 0 X X X X X POL 16BIT PWME CAP1 T1CK1 T1CK0 T1CN T1ST X 0 0 0 X X X X ADDRESS : D0H RESET VALUE : --000000 ADDRESS : D2H RESET VALUE : 00000000 X: The value “0” or “1” corresponding your operation. T0CK[2:0] T0ST Edge Detector 0 : Stop 1 : Start 1 EC0 fXIN ÷2 ÷4 ÷8 ÷ 32 ÷ 128 ÷ 512 ÷ 2048 ÷1 ÷2 ÷8 CLEAR T0 (8-bit) MUX TIMER 0 INTERRUPT T0IF COMPARATOR T0CN TDR0 (8-bit) T1CK[1:0] T1ST 0 : Stop 1 : Start 1 MUX T1 (8-bit) COMP0 PIN CLEAR F/F T1IF T1CN TIMER 1 INTERRUPT COMPARATOR TDR1 (8-bit) Figure 12-2 8-bit Timer / Counter Mode 42 Apr. 2001 ver 1.0 HMS87C130XA/120XA/110XA (latched in T0F bit). As TDRx and Tx register are in same address, when reading it as a Tx, written to TDRx. These timers have each 8-bit count register and data register. The count register is increased by every internal or external clock input. The internal clock has a prescaler divide ratio option of 2, 4, 8, 32,128, 512, 2048 (selected by control bits T0CK2, T0CK1 and T0CK0 of register TM0) and 1, 2, 8 (selected by control bits T1CK1 and T1CK0 of register TM1). In the Timer 0, timer register T0 increases from 00H until it matches TDR0 and then reset to 00H. The match output of Timer 0 generates Timer 0 interrupt In counter function, the counter is increased every 0-to 1 (rising edge) transition of EC0 pin. In order to use counter function, the bit RA0 of the RA Direction Register RAIO is set to “0”. The Timer 0 can be used as a counter by pin EC0 input, but Timer 1 can not. TDR1 n n-1 nt -c ou ~~ PCP ~~ 9 8 ~~ up 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 Timer 1 (T1IF) Interrupt TIME Interrupt period = PCP x (n+1) Occur interrupt Occur interrupt Occur interrupt Figure 12-3 Counting Example of Timer Data Registers TDR1 disable t ~~ clear & start enable up -c o un stop ~~ TIME Timer 1 (T1IF) Interrupt Occur interrupt T1ST Start & Stop T1ST = 0 Occur interrupt T1ST = 1 T1CN Control count T1CN = 0 T1CN = 1 Figure 12-4 Timer Count Operation Apr. 2001 ver1.0 43 HMS87C130XA/120XA/110XA 12.2 16-bit Timer/Counter Mode The clock source of the Timer 0 is selected either internal or external clock by bit T0CK2, T0CK1 and T0SL0. The Timer register is being run with 16 bits. A 16-bit timer/ counter register T0, T1 are increased from 0000H until it matches TDR0, TDR1 and then resets to 0000 H . The match output generates Timer 0 interrupt not Timer 1 interrupt. - - CAP0 T0CK2 T0CK1 T0CK0 T0CN T0ST - - 0 X X X X X POL 16BIT PWME CAP1 T1CK1 T1CK0 T1CN T1ST X 1 0 0 1 1 X X TM0 TM1 In 16-bit mode, the bits T1CK1,T1CK0 and 16BIT of TM1 should be set to “1” respectively. ADDRESS : D0H RESET VALUE : --000000 ADDRESS : D2H RESET VALUE : 00000000 X: The value “0” or “1” corresponding your operation. T0CK[2:0] T0ST 0 : Stop 1 : Start Edge Detector 1 EC0 fXIN ÷2 ÷4 ÷8 ÷ 32 ÷ 128 ÷ 512 ÷ 2048 T1 (8-bit) MUX T0 (8-bit) CLEAR T0IF T0CN TIMER 0 INTERRUPT COMPARATOR F/F TDR1 (8-bit) TDR0 (8-bit) COMP0 PIN Figure 12-5 16-bit Timer / Counter Mode 12.3 8-bit Compare Output (16-bit) The HMS87C1X0XA has a function of Timer Compare Output. To pulse out, the timer match can goes to port pin(COMP0) as shown in Figure 12-2 and Figure 12-5. Thus, pulse out is generated by the timer match. These operation is implemented to pin, RB4/COMP0/PWM. This pin output the signal having a 50: 50 duty square wave, and output frequency is same as below equation. Oscillation Frequency fCOMP = ------------------------------------------------------------------------------2 × Prescaler Value × ( TDR + 1 ) In this mode, the bit PWMO of RB function register (RBFUNC) should be set to “1”, and the bit PWME of timer1 mode register (TM1) should be set to “0”. In addition, 16-bit Compare output mode is available, also. 12.4 8-bit Capture Mode The Timer 0 capture mode is set by bit CAP0 of timer mode register TM0 (bit CAP1 of timer mode register TM1 for Timer 1) as shown in Figure 12-6. As mentioned above, not only Timer 0 but Timer 1 can also be used as a capture mode. 44 The Timer/Counter register is increased in response internal or external input. This counting function is same with normal timer mode, and Timer interrupt is generated when timer register T0 (T1) increases and matches TDR0 (TDR1). Apr. 2001 ver 1.0 HMS87C130XA/120XA/110XA This timer interrupt in capture mode is very useful when the pulse width of captured signal is more wider than the maximum period of Timer. For example, in Figure 12-8, the pulse width of captured signal is wider than the timer data value (FFH) over 2 times. When external interrupt is occurred, the captured value (13H) is more little than wanted value. It can be obtained correct value by counting the number of timer overflow occurrence. Timer/Counter still does the above, but with the added feature that a edge transition at external input INTx pin causes the current value in the Timer x register (T0,T1), to be captured into registers CDRx (CDR0, CDR1), respectively. TM0 TM1 After captured, Timer x register is cleared and restarts by hardware. It has three transition modes: “falling edge”, “rising edge”, “both edge” which are selected by interrupt edge selection register IEDS (Refer to External interrupt section). In addition, the transition at INTx pin generate an interrupt. Note: The CDRx, TDRx and Tx are in same address. In the capture mode, reading operation is read the CDRx, not Tx because path is opened to the CDRx, and TDRx is only for writing operation. - - CAP0 T0CK2 T0CK1 T0CK0 T0CN T0ST - - 1 X X X X X POL 16BIT PWME CAP1 T1CK1 T1CK0 T1CN T1ST X 0 0 1 X X X X T0CK[2:0] ADDRESS : D0H RESET VALUE : --000000 ADDRESS : D2H RESET VALUE : 00000000 T0ST 0 : Stop 1 : Start Edge Detector 1 EC0 fXIN ÷2 ÷4 ÷8 ÷ 32 ÷ 128 ÷ 512 CLEAR T0 (8-bit) MUX T0IF T0CN CAPTURE TIMER 0 INTERRUPT COMPARATOR CDR0 (8-bit) TDR0 (8-bit) ÷ 2048 INT0IF INT0 INT 0 INTERRUPT T0ST 0 : Stop 1 : Start IEDS[1:0] ÷1 ÷2 ÷8 1 MUX CLEAR T1 (8-bit) T1IF T1CK[1:0] T1CN IEDS[3:2] TIMER 1 INTERRUPT COMPARATOR CDR1 (8-bit) TDR1 (8-bit) CAPTURE INT1IF INT 1 INTERRUPT INT1 Figure 12-6 8-bit Capture Mode Apr. 2001 ver1.0 45 HMS87C130XA/120XA/110XA This value is loaded to CDR0 n T0 n-1 nt ou ~~ ~~ 9 up -c 8 7 6 5 4 ~~ 3 2 1 0 TIME Ext. INT0 Pin Interrupt Request (INT0F) Interrupt Interval Period Ext. INT0 Pin Interrupt Request (INT0F) Delay Capture (Timer Stop) Clear & Start Figure 12-7 Input Capture Operation Ext. INT0 Pin Interrupt Request (INT0F) Interrupt Interval Period = FFH + 01H + FFH +01H + 13H = 213H Interrupt Request (T0F) FFH FFH T0 13H 00H 00H Figure 12-8 Excess Timer Overflow in Capture Mode 46 Apr. 2001 ver 1.0 HMS87C130XA/120XA/110XA 12.5 16-bit Capture Mode In 16-bit mode, the bits T1CK1,T1CK0 and 16BIT of TM1 should be set to “1” respectively. 16-bit capture mode is the same as 8-bit capture, except that the Timer register is being run will 16 bits. The clock source of the Timer 0 is selected either internal or external clock by bit T0CK2, T0CK1 and T0CK0. - - CAP0 T0CK2 T0CK1 T0CK0 T0CN T0ST - - 1 X X X X X POL 16BIT PWME CAP1 T1CK1 T1CK0 T1CN T1ST X 1 0 X 1 1 X X TM0 TM1 ADDRESS : D0H RESET VALUE : --000000 ADDRESS : D2H RESET VALUE : 00000000 X: The value “0” or “1” corresponding your operation. T0CK[2:0] T0ST Edge Detector 0 : Stop 1 : Start 1 EC0 fXIN ÷2 ÷4 ÷8 ÷ 32 ÷ 128 ÷ 512 ÷ 2048 CLEAR T0 + T1 (16-bit) MUX T0CN T0IF TIMER 0 INTERRUPT COMPARATOR CAPTURE CDR1 (8-bit) CDR0 (8-bit) TDR1 (8-bit) TDR0 (8-bit) INT0IF INT 0 INTERRUPT INT0 IEDS[1:0] Figure 12-9 16-bit Capture Mode 12.6 PWM Mode The HMS87C1X0XA has a high speed PWM (Pulse Width Modulation) functions which shared with Timer1. And writes duty value to the T1PDR and the PWM0HR[1:0] same way. In PWM mode, pin RB4/COMP0/PWM0 outputs up to a 10-bit resolution PWM output. This pin should be configure as a PWM output by setting “1” bit PWM0O in RBFUNC register. The T1PDR is configure as a double buffering for glitchless PWM output. In Figure 12-10, the duty data is transferred from the master to the slave when the period data matched to the counted value. (i.e. at the beginning of next duty cycle) The period of the PWM output is determined by the T1PPR (PWM0 Period Register) and PWM0HR[3:2] (bit3,2 of PWM0 High Register) and the duty of the PWM output is determined by the T1PDR (PWM0 Duty Register) and PWM0HR[1:0] (bit1,0 of PWM0 High Register). The user writes the lower 8-bit period value to the T1PPR and the higher 2-bit period value to the PWM0HR[3:2]. Apr. 2001 ver1.0 PWM Period = [PWM0HR[3:2]T1PPR] X Source Clock PWM Duty = [PWM0HR[1:0]T1PDR] X Source Clock The relation of frequency and resolution is in inverse proportion. Table 12-2 shows the relation of PWM frequency vs. resolution. 47 HMS87C130XA/120XA/110XA It can be changed duty value when the PWM output. However the changed duty value is output after the current period is over. And it can be maintained the duty value at present output when changed only period value shown as Figure 12-12. As it were, the absolute duty time is not changed in varying frequency. But the changed period value must greater than the duty value. If it needed more higher frequency of PWM, it should be reduced resolution. Frequency Resolution T1CK[1:0] = 00(125nS) T1CK[1:0] = 01(250nS) T1CK[1:0] = 10(1uS) 10-bit 7.8KHz 3.9KHz 0.98KHZ 9-bit 15.6KHz 7.8KHz 1.95KHz 8-bit 31.2KHz 15.6KHz 3.90KHz 7-bit 62.5KHz 31.2KHz 7.81KHz Note: If changing the Timer1 to PWM function, it should be stop the timer clock firstly, and then set period and duty register value. If user writes register values while timer is in operation, these register could be set with certain values. Table 12-2 PWM Frequency vs. Resolution at 8MHz Ex) LDM LDM LDM LDM LDM LDM The bit POL of TM1 decides the polarity of duty cycle. If the duty value is set same to the period value, the PWM output is determined by the bit POL (1: High, 0: Low). And if the duty value is set to “00H”, the PWM output is determined by the bit POL (1: Low, 0: High). TM1 PWM0HR POL 16BIT PW ME C A P1 T1CK1 T1CK0 T 1C N T 1S T X 0 1 0 X X X X - - - - - - - - PW M 0HR3 PW M0HR2 PW M0HR1 PW M0HR0 X X X Period High T1ST ADDRESS : D2H RESET VALUE : 00000000 ADDRESS : D5H RESET VALUE : ----0000 Bit Manipulation Not Available X Duty High X: The value “0” or “1” corresponding your operation. PWM0HR[3:2] T0 clock source TM1,#00H T1PPR,#00H T1PDR,#00H PWM0HR,#00H RBFUNC,#0001_1100B TM1,#1010_1011B T1PPR(8-bit) 0 : Stop 1 : Clear and Start COMPARATOR RB4/ PWM0 S Q CLEAR 1 fXIN ÷1 ÷2 ÷8 MUX COMPARATOR T1CK[1:0] R T1 (8-bit) PWM0O [RBFUNC.4] POL T1CN Slave T1PDR(8-bit) PWM0HR[1:0] Master T1PDR(8-bit) Figure 12-10 PWM Mode 48 Apr. 2001 ver 1.0 HMS87C130XA/120XA/110XA ~ ~ ~ ~ fXIN 02 03 04 05 80 81 3FF 00 01 02 03 ~ ~ ~ ~ PWM POL=1 7F ~ ~ ~ ~ 00 01 ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ T1 ~ ~ PWM POL=0 Duty Cycle [80H x 125nS = 16uS] Period Cycle [3FFH x 125nS = 127.875uS, 7.8KHz] T1CK[1:0] = 00 (fXIN) PWM0HR = 0CH Period PWM0HR3 PWM0HR2 1 1 T1PPR (8-bit) FFH T1PPR = FFH T1PDR = 80H Duty PWM0HR1 PWM0HR0 0 0 T1PDR (8-bit) 80H Figure 12-11 Example of PWM at 8MHz T 1 C K [1:0 ] = 10 (1 uS ) P W M 0 H R = 0 0H T1PPR = 0EH T 1 P D R = 0 5H Write T1PPR to 0AH Period changed Source clock T1 01 02 03 04 05 06 07 08 09 0A 0B 0C 0D 0E 01 02 03 04 05 06 07 08 09 0A 01 02 03 04 05 PWM POL=1 Duty Cycle [05H x 1uS = 5uS] Period Cycle [0EH x 1uS = 14uS, 71KHz] Duty Cycle [05H x 1uS = 5uS] Duty Cycle [05H x 1uS = 5uS] Period Cycle [0AH x 1uS = 10uS, 100KHz] Figure 12-12 Example of Changing the Period in Absolute Duty Cycle (@8MHz) Apr. 2001 ver1.0 49 HMS87C130XA/120XA/110XA 13. BUZZER OUTPUT FUNCTION The buzzer driver consists of 6-bit binary counter, the buzzer register BUR and the clock selector. It generates square-wave which is very wide range frequency (480 Hz~250 KHz at fXIN = 4 MHz) by user programmable counter. Also, it is cleared by counter overflow and count up to output the square wave pulse of duty 50%. The bit 0 to 5 of BUR determines output frequency for buzzer driving. Frequency calculation is following as shown below. Pin RB1 is assigned for output port of Buzzer driver by setting the bit BUZO of RBFUNC to “1”. The 6-bit buzzer counter is cleared and start the counting by writing signal to the register BUR. It is increased from 00H until it matches 6-bit register BUR. BUR BUCK1 BUCK0 Input clock selection 00 : fXIN ÷ 8 BUR5 BUR4 BUR3 Oscillator Frequency f BUZ ( Hz ) = -----------------------------------------------------------------------------2 × Prescaler Ratio × ( BUR + 1 ) The bits BUCK1, BUCK0 of BUR selects the source clock from prescaler output. BUR2 BUR1 BUR0 ADDRESS : DEH RESET VALUE : 11111111 Bit Manipulation Not Available Buzzer Period Data 01 : fXIN ÷ 16 10 : fXIN ÷ 32 11 : fXIN ÷ 64 fXIN ÷8 ÷ 16 ÷ 32 ÷ 64 MUX COUNTER (6-bit) F/F COMPARATOR BUCK[1:0] RB1/BUZ PIN BUR (6-bit) BUZO [RBFUNC.1] Figure 13-1 Buzzer Driver 50 Apr. 2001 ver 1.0 HMS87C130XA/120XA/110XA 14. ANALOG TO DIGITAL CONVERTER The analog-to-digital converter (A/D) allows conversion of an analog input signal to a corresponding 8-bit digital value. The A/D module has eight analog inputs, which are multiplexed into one sample and hold. The output of the sample and hold is the input into the converter, which generates the result via successive approximation. The analog reference voltage is selected to VDD or AVREF by setting of the bit AVREFS in RBFUNC register. If external analog reference AVREF is selected, the bit ANSEL0 should not be set to “1”, because this pin is used to an analog reference of A/D converter. The A/D module has two registers which are the control register ADCM and A/D result register ADCR. The ADCM register, shown in Figure 14-2, controls the operation of the A/D converter module. The port pins can be configure as analog inputs or digital I/O. To use analog inputs, each port is assigned analog input port by setting the bit ANSEL[7:0] in RAFUNC register. And selected the corresponding channel to be converted by setting ADS[2:0]. The processing of conversion is start when the start bit ADST is set to “1”. After one cycle, it is cleared by hardware. The register ADCR contains the results of the A/D conversion. When the conversion is completed, the result is loaded into the ADCR, the A/D conversion status bit ADSF is set to “1”, and the A/D interrupt flag ADIF is set. The block diagram of the A/D module is shown in Figure 14-1. The A/D status bit ADSF is set automatically when A/D conversion is completed, cleared when A/D conversion is in process. The conversion time takes maximum 10 uS (at fXIN=8 MHz). ADS[2:0] 111 RA7/AN7 ANSEL7 110 RA6/AN6 A/D Result Register ANSEL6 101 ADCR(8-bit) RA5/AN5 ADDRESS : EBH RESET VALUE : Undefined ANSEL5 100 RA4/AN4 ANSEL4 Sample & Hold S/H Successive Approximation Circuit 011 RA3/AN3 A D IF A/D Interrupt ANSEL3 010 RA2/AN2 ANSEL2 001 RA1/AN1 Resistor Ladder Circuit ANSEL1 000 RB0/AN0/AVREF ANSEL0 (RAFUNC.0) 1 VDD Pin 0 ADEN AVREFS (RBFUNC.0) Figure 14-1 A/D Converter Block Diagram Apr. 2001 ver1.0 51 HMS87C130XA/120XA/110XA A/D Control Register ADCM - - ADEN ADS2 ADS1 ADS0 ADST ADSF ADDRESS : EAH RESET VALUE : --000001 Reserved A/D Status bit 0 : A/D Conversion is in process 1 : A/D Conversion is completed Analog Channel Select 000 : Channel 0 (RB0/AN0) 001 : Channel 1 (RA1/AN1) 010 : Channel 2 (RA2/AN2) 011 : Channel 3 (RA3/AN3) 100 : Channel 4 (RA4/AN4) 101 : Channel 5 (RA5/AN5) 110 : Channel 6 (RA6/AN6) 111 : Channel 7 (RA7/AN7) A/D Start bit 1 : A/D Conversion is started After 1 cycle, cleared to “0” 0 : Bit force to zero A/D Enable bit 1 : A/D Conversion is enable 0 : A/D Converter module shut off and consumes no operation current A/D Result Data Register ADCR ADCR7 ADCR6 ADCR5 ADCR4 ADCR3 ADCR2 ADCR1 ADCR0 ADDRESS : EBH RESET VALUE : Undefined Figure 14-2 A/D Converter Registers A/D Converter Cautions ENABLE A/D CONVERTER (1) Input range of AN0 to AN7 The input voltage of AN0 to AN7 should be within the specification range. In particular, if a voltage above VDD (or AVREF) or below VSS is input (even if within the absolute maximum rating range), the conversion value for that channel can not be indeterminate. The conversion values of the other channels may also be affected. A/D INPUT CHANNEL SELECT ANALOG REFERENCE SELECT (2) Noise countermeasures In order to maintain 8-bit resolution, attention must be paid to noise on pins AVREF (or VDD) and AN0 to AN7. Since the effect A/D START (ADST = 1) increases in proportion to the output impedance of the analog input source, it is recommended that a capacitor be connected externally as shown in Figure 14-4 in order to reduce noise. NOP ADSF = 1 NO YES Analog Input AN0~AN7 100~1000pF READ ADCR Figure 14-3 A/D Converter Operation Flow 52 Figure 14-4 Analog Input Pin Connecting Capacitor Apr. 2001 ver 1.0 HMS87C130XA/120XA/110XA (3) Pins AN0/RB0 and AN1/RA1 to AN7/RA7 The analog input pins AN0 to AN7 also function as input/ output port (PORT RA and RB0) pins. When A/D conversion is performed with any of pins AN0 to AN7 selected, be sure not to execute a PORT input instruction while conversion is in progress, as this may reduce the conversion resolution. Also, if digital pulses are applied to a pin adjacent to the pin in the process of A/D conversion, the expected A/D conversion value may not be obtainable due to coupling Apr. 2001 ver1.0 noise. Therefore, avoid applying pulses to pins adjacent to the pin undergoing A/D conversion. (4) AVREF pin input impedance A series resistor string of approximately 10KΩ is connected between the AVREF pin and the VSS pin. Therefore, if the output impedance of the reference voltage source is high, this will result in parallel connection to the series resistor string between the AVREF pin and the VSS pin, and there will be a large reference voltage error. 53 HMS87C130XA/120XA/110XA 15. INTERRUPTS The HMS87C1X0XA interrupt circuits consist of Interrupt enable register (IENH, IENL), Interrupt request flags of IRQH, IRQL, Interrupt Edge Selection Register (IEDS), priority circuit and Master enable flag(“I” flag of PSW). The configuration of interrupt circuit is shown in Figure 15-1and Interrupt priority is shown in Table 15-1. The External Interrupts INT0 and INT1 can each be transition-activated (1-to-0, 0-to-1 and both transition). The flags that actually generate these interrupts are bit INT0IF and INT1IF in Register IRQH. When an external interrupt is generated, the flag that generated it is cleared by the hardware when the service routine is vectored to only if the interrupt was transition-activated. The Timer 0 and Timer 1 Interrupts are generated by T0IF and T1IF, which are set by a match in their respective timer/counter register. The AD converter Interrupt is generated by ADIF which is set by finishing the analog to digital conversion. The Watch dog timer Interrupt is generated by WDTIF which set by a match in Watch dog timer register (when the bit WDTON is set to “0”). The Basic Interval Timer Interrupt is generated by BITIF which is set by a overflowing of the Basic Interval Timer Register(BITR). I-flag is in PSW, it is cleared by “DI”, set by “EI” instruction.When it goes interrupt service, I-flag is cleared by hardware, thus any other interrupt are inhibited. When interrupt service is completed by “RETI” instruction, I-flag is set to “1” by hardware. Internal bus line IENH IRQH INT0IF IEDS External Int. 1 INT1IF Timer 0 T0IF Timer 1 T1IF A/D Converter ADIF WDT WDTIF BIT BITIF IRQL Release STOP 7 6 To CPU 5 Priority Control External Int. 0 Interrupt Enable Register (Higher byte) 4 7 6 5 IENL I Flag Interrupt Master Enable Flag Interrupt Vector Address Generator Interrupt Enable Register (Lower byte) Internal bus line Figure 15-1 Block Diagram of Interrupt Function 54 Apr. 2001 ver 1.0 HMS87C130XA/120XA/110XA The interrupts are controlled by the interrupt master enable flag I-flag (bit 2 of PSW), the interrupt enable register (IENH, IENL) and the interrupt request flags (in IRQH, IRQL) except Power-on reset and software BRK interrupt. Interrupt enable registers are shown in Figure 15-2. These registers are composed of interrupt enable flags of each interrupt source, these flags determines whether an interrupt will be accepted or not. When enable flag is “0”, a corresponding interrupt source is prohibited. Note that PSW contains also a master enable bit, I-flag, which disables all interrupts at once. Reset/Interrupt Symbol Priority Vector Addr. Hardware Reset External Interrupt 0 External Interrupt 1 Timer 0 Timer 1 A/D Converter Watch Dog Timer Basic Interval Timer RESET INT0 INT1 Timer 0 Timer 1 A/D C WDT BIT 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 FFFEH FFFAH FFF8H FFF6H FFF4H FFEAH FFE8H FFE6H Table 15-1 Interrupt Priority Interrupt Enable Register High IENH INT0E INT1E T0E T1E - - - - ADDRESS : E2H RESET VALUE : 0000---- - - - - - ADDRESS : E3H RESET VALUE : 000----- Interrupt Enable Register Low IENL ADE WDTE BITE Enables or disables the interrupt individually If flag is cleared, the interrupt is disabled. 0 : Disable 1 : Enable Interrupt Request Register High IRQH INT0IF INT1IF T0IF T1IF - - - - ADDRESS : E4H RESET VALUE : 0000---- - - - - - ADDRESS : E5H RESET VALUE : 000----- Interrupt Request Register Low IRQL ADIF WDTIF BITIF Shows the interrupt occurrence 0 : Not occurred 1 : Interrupt request is occurred Figure 15-2 Interrupt Enable Registers and Interrupt Request Registers When an interrupt is occurred, the I-flag is cleared and disable any further interrupt, the return address and PSW are pushed into the stack and the PC is vectored to. Once in the interrupt service routine the source(s) of the interrupt can be determined by polling the interrupt request flag bits. Apr. 2001 ver1.0 The interrupt request flag bit(s) must be cleared by software before re-enabling interrupts to avoid recursive interrupts. The Interrupt Request flags are able to be read and written. 55 HMS87C130XA/120XA/110XA 15.1 Interrupt Sequence An interrupt request is held until the interrupt is accepted or the interrupt latch is cleared to “0” by a reset or an instruction. Interrupt acceptance sequence requires 8 fOSC (2 µs at fXIN=4MHz) after the completion of the current instruction execution. The interrupt service task is terminated upon execution of an interrupt return instruction [RETI]. Interrupt acceptance 1. The interrupt master enable flag (I-flag) is cleared to “0” to temporarily disable the acceptance of any following maskable interrupts. When a non-maskable interrupt is accepted, the acceptance of any following interrupts is temporarily disabled. 2. Interrupt request flag for the interrupt source accepted is cleared to “0”. 3. The contents of the program counter (return address) and the program status word are saved (pushed) onto the stack area. The stack pointer decreases 3 times. 4. The entry address of the interrupt service program is read from the vector table address and the entry address is loaded to the program counter. 5. The instruction stored at the entry address of the interrupt service program is executed. System clock Instruction Fetch SP Address Bus PC Data Bus Not used SP-1 PCH PCL SP-2 PSW V.L. V.L. ADL V.H. ADH New PC OP code Internal Read Internal Write Interrupt Processing Step Interrupt Service Task V.L. and V.H. are vector addresses. ADL and ADH are start addresses of interrupt service routine as vector contents. Figure 15-3 Timing chart of Interrupt Acceptance and Interrupt Return Instruction Basic Interval Timer Vector Table Address 0FFE6H 0FFE7H 012H 0F3H Entry Address 0F312H 0F313H 0EH 2FH Correspondence between vector table address for BIT interrupt and the entry address of the interrupt service program. A interrupt request is not accepted until the I-flag is set to “1” even if a requested interrupt has higher priority than that of the current interrupt being serviced. 56 When nested interrupt service is required, the I-flag should be set to “1” by “EI” instruction in the interrupt service program. In this case, acceptable interrupt sources are selectively enabled by the individual interrupt enable flags. Saving/Restoring General-purpose Register During interrupt acceptance processing, the program counter and the program status word are automatically saved on the stack, but accumulator and other registers are not saved itself. These registers are saved by the software if necessary. Also, when multiple interrupt services are nested, it is necessary to avoid using the same data memory area for saving registers. Apr. 2001 ver 1.0 HMS87C130XA/120XA/110XA The following method is used to save/restore the generalpurpose registers. Example: Register save using push and pop instructions INTxx: PUSH PUSH PUSH A X Y ;SAVE ACC. ;SAVE X REG. ;SAVE Y REG. interrupt processing POP POP POP RETI Y X A ;RESTORE Y REG. ;RESTORE X REG. ;RESTORE ACC. ;RETURN General purpose register save/restore using push and pop instructions; Multi Interrupt If two requests of different priority levels are received simultaneously, the request of higher priority level is serviced. If requests of the interrupt are received at the same time simultaneously, an internal polling sequence determines by hardware which request is serviced. However, multiple processing through software for special features is possible. Generally when an interrupt is accepted, the I-flag is cleared to disable any further interrupt. But as user sets I-flag in interrupt routine, some further interrupt can be serviced even if certain interrupt is in progress. Main Program service main task acceptance of interrupt TIMER 1 service enable INT0 disable other interrupt service task INT0 service EI saving registers Occur TIMER1 interrupt Occur INT0 restoring registers interrupt return enable INT0 enable other BRK Interrupt Software interrupt can be invoked by BRK instruction, which has the lowest priority order. Interrupt vector address of BRK is shared with the vector of TCALL 0 (Refer to Program Memory Section). When BRK interrupt is generated, B-flag of PSW is set to distinguish BRK from TCALL 0. Each processing step is determined by B-flag as shown in Figure 15-4. B-FLAG BRK or TCALL0 =0 =1 BRK INTERRUPT ROUTINE TCALL0 ROUTINE RETI RET Figure 15-4 Execution of BRK/TCALL0 Apr. 2001 ver1.0 In this example, the INT0 interrupt can be serviced without any pending, even TIMER1 is in progress. Because of re-setting the interrupt enable registers IENH,IENL and master enable “EI” in the TIMER1 routine. Figure 15-5 Execution of Multi Interrupt Example: Even though Timer1 interrupt is in progress, INT0 interrupt serviced without any suspend. TIMER1: PUSH PUSH PUSH LDM LDM EI : : : : : : LDM LDM POP POP POP RETI A X Y IENH,#80H IENL,#0 ;Enable INT0 only ;Disable other ;Enable Interrupt IENH,#0F0H ;Enable all interrupts IENL,#0E0H Y X A 57 HMS87C130XA/120XA/110XA 15.2 External Interrupt The external interrupt on INT0 and INT1 pins are edge triggered depending on the edge selection register IEDS (address 0E6H) as shown in Figure 15-6. The edge detection of external interrupt has three transition activated mode: rising edge, falling edge, and both edge. INT0 pin edge selection INT1 pin INT0IF INT1IF INT0 INTERRUPT INT1 INTERRUPT Ext. Interrupt Edge Selection Register W W W W ADDRESS : 0E6H RESET VALUE : ----0000 W W W W IEDS INT1 edge select 00 : Int. disable 01 : falling 10 : rising 11 : both INT0 edge select 00 : Int. disable 01 : falling 10 : rising 11 : both LDM RBIO,#1111_1011B ; ;**** Set port as an interrupt port LDM RBFUNC,#04H ; ;**** Set Falling-edge Detection LDM IEDS,#0000_0001B : Response Time IEDS [0E6H] Figure 15-6 External Interrupt Block Diagram Example: To use as an INT0 and INT1 : : ;**** Set port as an input port RB2 Figure 15-7 shows interrupt response timings. max. 12 fOSC Interrupt Interrupt goes latched active The INT0 and INT1 edge are latched into INT0IF and INT1IF at every machine cycle. The values are not actually polled by the circuitry until the next machine cycle. If a request is active and conditions are right for it to be acknowledged, a hardware subroutine call to the requested service routine will be the next instruction to be executed. The DIV itself takes twelve cycles. Thus, a minimum of twelve complete machine cycles elapse between activation of an external interrupt request and the beginning of execution of the first instruction of the service routine. 8 fOSC Interrupt processing Interrupt routine Figure 15-7 Interrupt Response Timing Diagram 58 Apr. 2001 ver 1.0 HMS87C130XA/120XA/110XA 16. WATCHDOG TIMER The purpose of the watchdog timer is to detect the malfunction (runaway) of program due to external noise or other causes and return the operation to the normal condition. The watchdog timer has two types of clock source. The first type is an on-chip RC oscillator which does not require any external components. This RC oscillator is separate from the external oscillator of the Xin pin. But the internal RC oscillated clock source should be activated by execution of STOP instruction. It means that the watchdog timer can not run even if the clock on the Xin pin of the device has been stopped, for example, by entering the STOP mode. The other type is a prescaled system clock. The watchdog timer consists of 7-bit binary counter and the watchdog timer data register. The source clock of WDT is overflow of Basic Interval Timer. When the value of 7-bit binary counter is equal to the lower 7 bits of WDTR, the interrupt request flag is generated. This can be used as WDT interrupt or CPU reset signal in accordance with the bit WDTON . Note: Because the watchdog timer counter is enabled after clearing Basic Interval Timer and setting the Watchdog Timer Register, maximum error of timer is depend on prescaler ratio of Basic Interval Timer. The 7-bit binary counter is cleared by setting WDTCL(bit7 of WDTR) and the WDTCL is cleared automatically after 1 machine cycle. The RC oscillated watchdog timer is activated by setting the bit RCWDT of CKCTLR and executing the STOP instruction as shown below. : LDM LDM STOP NOP NOP : CKCTLR,#3FH WDTR,#0FFH ; enable the RC-osc WDT ; set the WDT period ; enter the STOP mode ; RC-osc WDT running The RC oscillation period is variable according to the temperature, VDD and process variations from part to part (approximately, 120~180uS at 5V). The following equation shows the RC oscillated watchdog timer time-out. T R C W D T = C LK R C ×28×[W D T R .6~ 0 ]+ (C L K R C ×28)/2 w h ere, C L K R C = 1 20~ 1 80u S In addition, this watchdog timer can be used as a simple 7bit timer by interrupt WDTIF. The interval of watchdog timer interrupt is decided by Basic Interval Timer. Interval equation is as below. TWDT = [WDTR.6~0] × Interval of BIT Clock Control Register - CKCTLR WAKEUP RCWDT Watchdog Timer Register 0 BTCL BTS2 BTS1 BTS0 1 X X X X X WDTCL WDTR WDTON ADDRESS : ECH RESET VALUE : -0010111 Bit Manipulation Not Available ADDRESS : EDH RESET VALUE : 01111111 Bit Manipulation Not Available 7-bit Watchdog Counter Register WAKEUP RCWDT STOP BTS[2:0] fXIN ÷8 ÷ 16 ÷ 32 ÷ 64 ÷ 128 ÷ 256 ÷ 512 ÷ 1024 WDTR (8-bit) 3 BTCL WDTCL WDTON Clear 8 MUX Internal RC OSC 0 1 BITR (8-bit) 7-bit Counter CPU RESET OFD 1 0 Overflow Detection BITIF Basic Interval Timer Interrupt Watchdog Timer Interrupt Request Figure 16-1 Block Diagram of Watchdog Timer Apr. 2001 ver1.0 59 HMS87C130XA/120XA/110XA 17. POWER SAVING MODE For applications where power consumption is a critical factor, device provides three kinds of power saving functions, STOP mode, Wake-up Timer mode and internal RCoscillated watchdog timer mode. The power saving function is activated by execution of STOP instruction after setting the corresponding bit (WAKEUP, RCWDT) of CKCTLR. Note: Before executing STOP instruction, clear all interrupt request flag. Because if the interrupt request flag is set before STOP instruction, the MCU runs as if it doesn’t perform STOP instruction, even though the STOP instruction is completed. So insert two lines to clear all interrupt request flags (IRQH, IRQL) before STOP instruction as shown each example. Table 17-1 shows the status of each Power Saving Mode Peripheral STOP Wake-up Timer Internal RC-WDT RAM Retain Retain Retain Control Registers Retain Retain Retain I/O Ports Retain Retain Retain CPU Stop Stop Stop Timer0 Stop Operation Stop Oscillation Stop Oscillation Stop Prescaler Stop ÷ 2048 only Stop Internal RC oscillator Stop Stop Oscillation Entering Condition CKCTLR[6,5] 00 1X 01 Power Saving Release Source RESET, INT0, INT1 RESET, INT0, INT1, Timer0 RESET, INT0, INT1, RC-WDT Table 17-1 Power Saving Mode 17.1 Stop Mode In the Stop mode, the on-chip oscillator is stopped. With the clock frozen, all functions are stopped, but the on-chip RAM and Control registers are held. The port pins out the values held by their respective port data register, port direction registers. Oscillator stops and the systems internal operations are all held up. • The states of the RAM, registers, and latches valid immediately before the system is put in the STOP state are all held. • The program counter stop the address of the instruction to be executed after the instruction “STOP” which starts the STOP operating mode. The Stop mode is activated by execution of STOP instruction after setting the bit WAKEUP and RCWDT of CKCTLR to “00”. (This register should be written by byte operation. If this register is set by bit manipulation instruction, for example “set1” or “clr1” instruction, it may be undesired operation) In the Stop mode of operation, VDD can be reduced to minimize power consumption. Care must be taken, however, 60 to ensure that VDD is not reduced before the Stop mode is invoked, and that VDD is restored to its normal operating level, before the Stop mode is terminated. The reset should not be activated before VDD is restored to its normal operating level, and must be held active long enough to allow the oscillator to restart and stabilize. Note: After STOP instruction, at least two or more NOP instruction should be written Ex) LDM CKCTLR,#0000_1110B LDM IRQH,#0 LDM IRQL,#0 STOP NOP NOP In the STOP operation, the dissipation of the power associated with the oscillator and the internal hardware is lowered; however, the power dissipation associated with the pin interface (depending on the external circuitry and program) is not directly determined by the hardware operation of the STOP feature. This point should be little current Apr. 2001 ver 1.0 HMS87C130XA/120XA/110XA flows when the input level is stable at the power voltage level (VDD/VSS), however, when the input level gets higher than the power voltage level (by approximately 0.3 to 0.5V), a current begins to flow. Therefore, if cutting off the output transistor at an I/O port puts the pin signal into the high-impedance state, a current flow across the ports input transistor, requiring to fix the level by pull-up or other means. the user should turn-off output drivers that are sourcing or sinking current, if it is practical. Weak pull-ups on port pins should be turned off, if possible. All inputs should be either as VSS or at VDD (or as close to rail as possible). An intermediate voltage on an input pin causes the input buffer to draw a significant amount of current. Release the STOP mode The exit from STOP mode is hardware reset or external interrupt. Reset re-defines all the Control registers but does not change the on-chip RAM. External interrupts allow both on-chip RAM and Control registers to retain their values. After releasing STOP mode, instruction execution is divided into two ways by I-flag(bit2 of PSW). If I-flag = 1, the normal interrupt response takes place. If Iflag = 0, the chip will resume execution starting with the instruction following the STOP instruction. It will not vector to interrupt service routine. (refer to Figure 17-1) When exit from Stop mode by external interrupt, enough oscillation stabilization time is required to normal operation. Figure 17-2 shows the timing diagram. When release the Stop mode, the Basic interval timer is activated on wake-up. It is increased from 00H until FFH. The count overflow is set to start normal operation. Therefore, before STOP instruction, user must be set its relevant prescaler divide ratio to have long enough time (more than 20msec). This guarantees that oscillator has started and stabilized. STOP INSTRUCTION STOP Mode Interrupt Request Corresponding Interrupt Enable Bit (IENH, IENL) =0 IEXX =1 STOP Mode Release Master Interrupt Enable Bit PSW[2] I-FLAG =0 =1 Interrupt Service Routine Next INSTRUCTION By reset, exit from Stop mode is shown in Figure 17-3. Minimizing Current Consumption in Stop Mode Figure 17-1 STOP Releasing Flow by Interrupts The Stop mode is designed to reduce power consumption. To minimize the current consumption during Stop mode, ~ ~ ~ ~ Internal Clock ~ ~ External Interrupt ~ ~ STOP Instruction Execution Clear Basic Interval Timer ~ ~ N-2 N-1 N N+1 N+2 00 01 FE FF 00 01 ~ ~ BIT Counter ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ Oscillator (XIN pin) Normal Operation STOP Mode Stabilization Time tST > 20mS Normal Operation Figure 17-2 Timing of STOP Mode Release by External Interrupt Apr. 2001 ver1.0 61 HMS87C130XA/120XA/110XA STOP Mode ~ ~ ~~ ~ ~ ~ ~ Oscillator (XIN pin) ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ Internal Clock RESET ~ ~ Internal RESET ~ ~ STOP Instruction Execution Time can not be controlled by software Stabilization Time tST = 64mS @4MHz Figure 17-3 Timing of STOP Mode Release by RESET 17.2 Wake-up Timer Mode In the Wake-up Timer mode, the on-chip oscillator is not stopped. Except the Prescaler (only 2048 divided ratio) and Timer0, all functions are stopped, but the on-chip RAM and Control registers are held. The port pins out the values held by their respective port data register, port direction registers. In addition, the clock source of timer0 should be selected to 2048 divided ratio. Otherwise, the wake-up function can not work. And the timer0 can be operated as 16-bit timer with timer1 (refer to timer function). The period of wake-up function is varied by setting the timer data register 0, TDR0. The Wake-up Timer mode is activated by execution of STOP instruction after setting the bit WAKEUP of CKCTLR to “1”. (This register should be written by byte operation. If this register is set by bit manipulation instruction, for example “set1” or “clr1” instruction, it may be undesired operation) Release the Wake-up Timer mode Note: After STOP instruction, at least two or more NOP instruction should be written Ex) LDM TDR0,#0FFH LDM TM0,#0001_1011B LDM CKCTLR,#0100_1110B LDM IRQH,#0 LDM IRQL,#0 STOP NOP NOP If I-flag = 1, the normal interrupt response takes place. If Iflag = 0, the chip will resume execution starting with the instruction following the STOP instruction. It will not vector to interrupt service routine (refer to Figure 17-1). When exit from Wake-up Timer mode by external interrupt or timer0 overflow, the oscillation stabilization time is not required to normal operation. Because this mode do not stop the on-chip oscillator shown as Figure 17-4. ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ Oscillator (XIN pin) CPU Clock STOP Instruction Execution ~ ~ Interrupt Request The exit from Wake-up Timer mode is hardware reset, Timer0 overflow or external interrupt. Reset re-defines all the Control registers but does not change the on-chip RAM. External interrupts and Timer0 overflow allow both on-chip RAM and Control registers to retain their values. Normal Operation Wake-up Timer Mode (stop the CPU clock) Normal Operation Do not need Stabilization Time Figure 17-4 Wake-up Timer Mode Releasing by External Interrupt or Timer0 Interrupt 62 Apr. 2001 ver 1.0 HMS87C130XA/120XA/110XA 17.3 Internal RC-Oscillated Watchdog Timer Mode In the Internal RC-Oscillated Watchdog Timer mode, the on-chip oscillator is stopped. But internal RC oscillation circuit is oscillated in this mode. The on-chip RAM and Control registers are held. The port pins out the values held by their respective port data register, port direction registers. The Internal RC-Oscillated Watchdog Timer mode is activated by execution of STOP instruction after setting the bit WAKEUP and RCWDT of CKCTLR to “01”. (This register should be written by byte operation. If this register is set by bit manipulation instruction, for example “set1” or “clr1” instruction, it may be undesired operation) Note: After STOP instruction, at least two or more NOP instruction should be written Ex) LDM LDM LDM LDM STOP NOP NOP WDTR,#1111_1111B CKCTLR,#0010_1110B IRQH,#0 IRQL,#0 Release the Internal RC-Oscillated Watchdog Timer mode The exit from Internal RC-Oscillated Watchdog Timer mode is hardware reset or external interrupt. Reset re-defines all the Control registers but does not change the on- chip RAM. External interrupts allow both on-chip RAM and Control registers to retain their values. If I-flag = 1, the normal interrupt response takes place. In this case, if the bit WDTON of CKCTLR is set to “0” and the bit WDTE of IENH is set to “1”, the device will execute the watchdog timer interrupt service routine.(Figure 17-5) However, if the bit WDTON of CKCTLR is set to “1”, the device will generate the internal RESET signal and execute the reset processing. (Figure 17-6) If I-flag = 0, the chip will resume execution starting with the instruction following the STOP instruction. It will not vector to interrupt service routine (refer to Figure 17-1). When exit from Internal RC-Oscillated Watchdog Timer mode by external interrupt, the oscillation stabilization time is required for normal operation. Figure 17-5 shows the timing diagram. When release the Internal RC-Oscillated Watchdog Timer mode, the basic interval timer is activated on wake-up. It is increased from 00H until FFH. The count overflow is set to start normal operation. Therefore, before STOP instruction, user must be set its relevant prescaler divide ratio to have long enough time (more than 20msec). This guarantees that oscillator has started and stabilized. By reset, exit from internal RC-Oscillated Watchdog Timer mode is shown in Figure 17-6. ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ Oscillator (XIN pin) Internal RC Clock ~ ~ ~ ~ Internal Clock ~ ~ External Interrupt (or WDT Interrupt) ~ ~ STOP Instruction Execution ~ ~ N-2 N-1 N N+1 N+2 00 01 FE FF 00 00 ~ ~ BIT Counter Clear Basic Interval Timer Normal Operation RCWDT Mode Stabilization Time tST > 20mS Normal Operation Figure 17-5 Internal RCWDT Mode Releasing by External Interrupt or WDT Interrupt Apr. 2001 ver1.0 63 HMS87C130XA/120XA/110XA RCWDT Mode ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ Oscillator (XIN pin) Internal RC Clock ~ ~ ~ ~ Internal Clock ~ ~ ~ ~ RESET RESET by WDT ~ ~ STOP Instruction Execution Time can not be controlled by software ~ ~ Internal RESET Stabilization Time tST = 64mS @4MHz Figure 17-6 Internal RCWDT Mode Releasing by RESET 17.4 Minimizing Current Consumption The Stop mode is designed to reduce power consumption. To minimize current drawn during Stop mode, the user should turn-off output drivers that are sourcing or sinking current, if it is practical. Note: In the STOP operation, the power dissipation associated with the oscillator and the internal hardware is lowered; however, the power dissipation associated with the pin interface (depending on the external circuitry and program) is not directly determined by the hardware operation of the STOP feature. This point should be little current flows when the input level is stable at the power voltage level (VDD/VSS); however, when the input level becomes higher than the power voltage level (by approximately 0.3V), a current begins to flow. Therefore, if cutting off the output transistor at an I/O port puts the pin signal into the high-impedance state, a current flow across the ports input transistor, requiring it to fix the level by pull-up or other means. 64 It should be set properly that current flow through port doesn't exist. First conseider the setting to input mode. Be sure that there is no current flow after considering its relationship with external circuit. In input mode, the pin impedance viewing from external MCU is very high that the current doesn’t flow. But input voltage level should be VSS or VDD. Be careful that if unspecified voltage, i.e. if uncertain voltage level (not VSS or VDD) is applied to input pin, there can be little current (max. 1mA at around 2V) flow. If it is not appropriate to set as an input mode, then set to output mode considering there is no current flow. Setting to High or Low is decided considering its relationship with external circuit. For example, if there is external pull-up resistor then it is set to output mode, i.e. to High, and if there is external pull-down register, it is set to low. Apr. 2001 ver 1.0 HMS87C130XA/120XA/110XA VDD INPUT PIN INPUT PIN VDD VDD internal pull-up VDD i=0 O OPEN O i i GND Very weak current flows VDD X X i=0 O OPEN Weak pull-up current flows GND O When port is configure as an input, input level should be closed to 0V or 5V to avoid power consumption. Figure 17-7 Application Example of Unused Input Port OUTPUT PIN OUTPUT PIN VDD ON OPEN OFF ON OFF ON O OFF i VDD GND X ON OFF L OFF ON i GND X O VDD L i=0 GND O In the left case, Tr. base current flows from port to GND. To avoid power consumption, there should be low output to the port. In the left case, much current flows from port to GND. Figure 17-8 Application Example of Unused Output Port Apr. 2001 ver1.0 65 HMS87C130XA/120XA/110XA 18. RESET The reset input is the RESET pin, which is the input to a Schmitt Trigger. A reset in accomplished by holding the RESET pin low for at least 8 oscillator periods, while the oscillator running. After reset, 64ms (at 4 MHz) add with 7 oscillator periods are required to start execution as shown in Figure 18-1. Internal RAM is not affected by reset. When VDD is turned on, the RAM content is indeterminate. Therefore, this RAM should be initialized before reading or testing it. Initial state of each register is shown as Table 8-1. 1 2 3 ? ? 4 5 6 7 ~ ~ Oscillator (XIN pin) ~ ~ RESET ~ ~ ADDRESS BUS ? ? FFFE FFFF Start ~ ~ ~ ~ DATA BUS ? ? ? ? FE ADL ADH OP ~ ~ MAIN PROGRAM Stabilizing Time tST = 64mS at 4MHz RESET Process Step Figure 18-1 Timing Diagram after RESET • Power-On Reset (POR) The HMS87C130XA incorporates on-chip Power-On Reset (POR) circuitry which provides an internal chip reset for most power-up situations. To use this feature, the user merely ties the RESET pin to VDD and setting the POREN bit of CONFIG register ( refer to Figure 20-1). A Power-on Reset pulse is generated on-chip when VDD rise is detected approximately 1V. To take an advantage of the Power-on Reset, just tie the RESET pin directly ( or through the resistor ) to VDD. VDD RESET Basic Interval Timer Start INTERNAL RESET Figure 18-2 Time-out Sequence On Power-up (RESET Tied To VDD): Fast VDD Rise Time A power-up example where RESET is not tied to VDD is shown in Figure 18-2. VDD is allowed to rise and stabilize before bringing RESET high. The chip will actually come out of reset and start the Basic Interval Timer after RESET goes high. 66 In Figure 18-3, the on-chip Power-On Reset feature is being used (RESET and VDD are tied together). The VDD is stable before the Basic interval timer times out and there is no problem in getting a proper reset. However, Figure 184 depicts a problem situation where VDD rises too slowly. Apr. 2001 ver 1.0 HMS87C130XA/120XA/110XA The time between when the Basic interval timer senses a high on the RESET pin, and when the RESET pin (and VDD) actually reach their full value, is too long. In this situation, when the Basic interval timer times out, VDD has not reached the VDD (min) value and the chip is, therefore, not guaranteed to function correctly. For such situations, we recommend that external R circuits be used to achieve longer POR delay times ( Figure 18-5). The POR circuit does not produce an internal reset when VDD declines Note: When the device starts normal operation (exits the reset condition), device operating parameters (voltage, frequency, temperature, etc.) must be meet to ensure operation. If these conditions are not met, the device must be held in reset until the operating conditions are met.. VDD RESET INTERNAL POR Basic Interval Timer Start INTERNAL RESET Figure 18-3 Time-out Sequence On Power-up (RESET Tied To VDD): Fast VDD Rise Time VDD RESET INTERNAL POR Basic Interval Timer Start INTERNAL RESET Figure 18-4 TIME-OUT SEQUENCE ON POWER-UP (RESET TIED TO VDD): SLOW VDD RISE TIME VDD VDD D - External Power-On Reset circuit is required only if VDD power-up is too slow. The diode D helps discharge the capacitor quickly when VDD powers down. R R1 RESET C - R < 40 kΩ is recommended to make sure that voltage drop across R does not violate the device electrical specification. - R1 = 100Ω to 1kΩ will limit any current flowing into RESET from external capacitor C in the event of RESET pin breakdown due to Electrostatic Discharge (ESD) or Electrical Overstress (EOS). Figure 18-5 EXTERNAL POWERON RESET CIRCUIT (FOR SLOW VDD POWER-UP) Apr. 2001 ver1.0 67 HMS87C130XA/120XA/110XA 19. POWER FAIL PROCESSOR The HMS87C1X0XA has an on-chip power fail detection circuitry to immunize against power noise. A Power Fail Detector Register, PFDR can enable (if clear/programmed) or disable (if set) the Power fail Detect circuitry. If VDD falls below 2.4~2.6V(or 1.6~1.8V) range for longer than 50 nS, the Power fail situation may reset MCU or halt the system clock according to PFS bit of PFDR. And power fail detect level is selectable by programming the bit PFDLEVEL of CONFIG register when program the OTP. PFDIS As below PFDR register is not implemented on the in-circuit emulator, user can not experiment with it. Therefore, after final development of user program, this function may be experimented. Note: Power fail detect level is decided by setting the bit PFDLEVEL of CONFIG register (refer to Figure 201. PFDOPR PFDM to RESET circuit Power Fail Detection Circuit Power Noise System clock freeze PFS Power Fail Detector Register PFDR - - - - PFDOPR PFDIS PFDM Reserved PFS ADDRESS : EFH RESET VALUE : ----0100 Power Fail Status 0 : Normal Operate 1 : This bit force to “1” when Power fail was detected Operation Mode 0 : System Clock Freeze during power fail 1 : MCU will be reset during power fail Disable Flag 0 : Power fail detection enable 1 : Power fail detection disable PFD Operation Disable Flag 0 : Power fail detection enable 1 : Power fail detection disable But can read PFS Figure 19-1 Power Fail Detector 68 Apr. 2001 ver 1.0 HMS87C130XA/120XA/110XA RESET VECTOR YES PFS =1 NO RAM CLEAR INITIALIZE RAM DATA Skip the initial routine INITIALIZE ALL PORTS INITIALIZE REGISTERS FUNTION EXECUTION Figure 19-2 Example S/W of RESET by Power fail VDD PFVDDMAX PFVDDMIN 64mS Internal RESET VDD When PFDM = 1 Internal RESET 64mS t < 64mS VDD Internal RESET PFVDDMAX PFVDDMIN PFVDDMAX PFVDDMIN 64mS VDD PFVDDMAX PFVDDMIN System Clock When PFDM = 0 VDD PFVDDMAX PFVDDMIN System Clock Figure 19-3 Power Fail Processor Situations Apr. 2001 ver1.0 69 HMS87C130XA/120XA/110XA 20. OTP PROGRAMMING The HMS87C130XA is one-time PROM(OTP) microcontroller with 4K/2K bytes electrically programmable read only memory. To programming the OTP device, user must use the universal programmer which is support Hynix microcontrollers. 20.1 DEVICE CONFIGURATION AREA The Device Configuration Area can be programmed or left unprogrammed to select device configuration such as security bit, power on reset, RC-oscillation, PFD level select and open drain port selection . This area is not accessible during normal execution but is readable and writable during program / verify. Configuration Register CONFIG - - POREN OPDR1 OPDR0 LOCK PFD LEVEL RC_OPT ADDRESS : 707FH RC Otion 0 : Normal Oscillator 1 : External RC Oscillator PFD Level Select 0 : PFD Level High (2.4~2.6V) 1 : PFD Level Low (1.6~1.8V) SECURITY BIT 0 : Allow Code Read Out 1 : Prohibit Code Read Out Open Drain Port Selection 00 : Normal Port 01 : Open Drain RA0 10 : Open Drain RA0/RB2 11 : Open Drain RA0/RB2/RB3/RC0 Power on RESET 0 : Power on RESET Disable 1 : Power on RESET Enable Figure 20-1 Device Configuration Area 70 Apr. 2001 ver 1.0 HMS87C130XA/120XA/110XA A_D4 1 24 A_D3 A_D5 2 23 A_D2 A_D6 3 22 A_D1 A_D7 4 21 A_D0 5 20 CTL0 6 19 CTL1 7 18 VSS CTL2 8 17 VPP 9 16 10 15 11 14 12 13 VDD NC EPROM Enable Figure 20-2 Pin Assignment ( HMS1304/2A ) User Mode EPROM MODE Pin No. Pin Name Pin Name Description 1 RA4 (AN4) A_D4 2 RA5 (AN5) A_D5 3 RA6 (AN6) A_D6 4 RA7 (AN7) A_D7 5 VDD VDD 6 RD0 CTL0 7 RD1 CTL1 8 RBB0/AN0/AVref CTL2 9~14 RB1~4, RD2~3 VDD Connect to VDD (6.0V) 15 XIN EPROM Enable High Active, Latch Address in falling edge 16 XOUT NC No connection 17 RESET VPP Programming Power (0V, 12.75V) 18 VSS VSS Connect to VSS (0V) Connect to VDD (6.0V) RC0, 1 VDD 21 RA0 (EC0) A_D0 22 RA1 (AN1) A_D1 23 RA2 (AN2) A_D2 24 RA3 (AN3) A_D3 19,20 Address Input Data Input/Output A12 A4 D4 A13 A5 D5 A14 A6 D6 A15 A7 D7 A8 A0 D0 A9 A1 D1 A10 A2 D2 A11 A3 D3 Connect to VDD (6.0V) Read/Write Control Address/Data Control Address Input Data Input/Output Table 20-1 Pin Description in EPROM Mode ( HMS1304/2A ) Apr. 2001 ver1.0 71 HMS87C130XA/120XA/110XA A_D4 1 20 A_D3 A_D5 2 19 A_D2 A_D6 3 18 A_D1 A_D7 4 17 A_D0 5 16 CTL0 6 15 CTL1 7 14 VSS CTL2 8 13 VPP 9 12 10 11 VDD NC EPROM Enable Figure 20-3 Pin Assignment ( HMS1204/2A ) User Mode EPROM MODE Pin No. Pin Name Pin Name Description 1 RA4 (AN4) A_D4 A12 A4 D4 2 RA5 (AN5) A_D5 A13 A5 D5 3 RA6 (AN6) A_D6 A14 A6 D6 4 RA7 (AN7) A_D7 A15 A7 D7 5 VDD VDD 6 RB0/AN0/AVref CTL0 7 RB1/BUZ CTL1 8 RB2/INT0 CTL2 RB3~4 VDD Connect to VDD (6.0V) 11 XIN EPROM Enable High Active, Latch Address in falling edge 12 XOUT NC No connection 13 RESET VPP Programming Power (0V, 12.75V) 14 VSS VSS Connect to VSS (0V) RC0, 1 VDD Connect to VDD (6.0V) 17 RA0 (EC0) A_D0 A8 A0 D0 18 RA1 (AN1) A_D1 A9 A1 D1 19 RA2 (AN2) A_D2 A10 A2 D2 20 RA3 (AN3) A_D3 A11 A3 D3 9,10 15,16 Address Input Data Input/Output Connect to VDD (6.0V) Read/Write Control Address/Data Control Address Input Data Input/Output Table 20-2 Pin Description in EPROM Mode ( HMS1204/2A ) 72 Apr. 2001 ver 1.0 HMS87C130XA/120XA/110XA A_D4 1 16 A_D3 A_D5 2 15 A_D2 A_D6 3 14 A_D1 A_D7 4 13 A_D0 VDD 5 12 VSS CTL0 6 11 VPP CTL1 7 10 CTL2 8 9 NC EPROM Enable Figure 20-4 Pin Assignment ( HMS1104/2A ) User Mode EPROM MODE Pin No. Pin Name Pin Name Description 1 RA4 (AN4) A_D4 A12 A4 D4 2 RA5 (AN5) A_D5 A13 A5 D5 3 RA6 (AN6) A_D6 A14 A6 D6 4 RA7 (AN7) A_D7 A15 A7 D7 5 VDD VDD 6 RB0/AN0/AVref CTL0 7 RB2/INT0 CTL1 8 RB4/PWM/COMP CTL2 9 XIN EPROM Enable High Active, Latch Address in falling edge 10 XOUT NC No connection 11 RESET VPP Programming Power (0V, 12.75V) 12 VSS VSS Connect to VSS (0V) 13 RA0 (EC0) A_D0 A8 A0 D0 14 RA1 (AN1) A_D1 A9 A1 D1 15 RA2 (AN2) A_D2 A10 A2 D2 16 RA3 (AN3) A_D3 A11 A3 D3 Address Input Data Input/Output Connect to VDD (6.0V) Read/Write Control Address/Data Control Address Input Data Input/Output Table 20-3 Pin Description in EPROM Mode ( HMS1104/2A ) Apr. 2001 ver1.0 73 HMS87C130XA/120XA/110XA THLD1 TSET1 TDLY1 ~ ~ ~ ~ 0V ~ ~ CTL0 TVPPR ~ ~ ~ ~ TVDDS ~ ~ VPP VIHP ~ ~ TVPPS VDD1H TCD1 0V 0V TCD1 HA LA LA ~~ DATA OUT DATA IN ~ ~ DATA OUT DATA IN ~ ~ ~ ~ A_D7~ A_D0 ~ ~ TCD1 TCD1 ~ ~ VDD1H CTL2 TDLY2 ~ ~ EPROM Enable CTL1 THLD2 VDD1H VDD High 8bit Address Input Low 8bit Address Input Write Mode Verify Low 8bit Address Input Write Mode Verify Figure 20-5 Timing Diagram in Program (Write & Verify) Mode After input a high address, output data following low address input TSET1 THLD1 Another high address step TDLY1 EPROM Enable TVPPS VPP TVDDS CTL0 0V VIHP T VPPR VDD2H CTL1 0V CTL2 0V TCD2 VDD2H A_D7~ A_D0 TCD1 TCD2 TCD1 HA LA DATA LA DATA HA LA DATA High 8bit Address Input Low 8bit Address Input DATA Output Low 8bit Address Input DATA Output High 8bit Address Input Low 8bit Address Input DATA Output VDD2H VDD Figure 20-6 Timing Diagram in READ Mode 74 Apr. 2001 ver 1.0 HMS87C130XA/120XA/110XA Parameter Symbol MIN TYP MAX Unit Programming Supply Current IVPP - - 50 mA Supply Current in EPROM Mode IVDDP - - 20 mA VPP Level during Programming VIHP 12.5 12.75 13 V VDD Level in Program Mode VDD1H 5.5 6 6.6 V VDD Level in Read Mode VDD2H - 2.7 - V CTL2~0 High Level in EPROM Mode VIHC 0.8VDD - - V CTL2~0 Low Level in EPROM Mode VILC - - 0.2VDD V A_D7~A_D0 High Level in EPROM Mode VIHAD 0.9VDD - - V A_D7~A_D0 Low Level in EPROM Mode VILAD - - 0.1VDD V VDD Saturation Time TVDDS 1 - - mS VPP Setup Time TVPPR - - 1 mS VPP Saturation Time TVPPS 1 - - mS EPROM Enable Setup Time after Data Input TSET1 200 nS EPROM Enable Hold Time after TSET1 THLD1 500 nS EPROM Enable Delay Time after THLD1 TDLY1 200 nS EPROM Enable Hold Time in Write Mode THLD2 100 nS EPROM Enable Delay Time after THLD2 TDLY2 200 nS CTL2,1 Setup Time after Low Address input and Data input TCD1 100 nS CTL1 Setup Time before Data output in Read and Verify Mode TCD2 100 nS Table 20-4 AC/DC Requirements for Program/Read Mode Apr. 2001 ver1.0 75 HMS87C130XA/120XA/110XA START Set VDD=VDD1H Report Programming failure Set VPP=VIHP Verify OK NO Verify blank Report Verify failure Verify for all address NO YES YES Report Programming OK First Address Location Next address location Report Programming failure N=1 VDD=Vpp=0v NO END YES EPROM Write 100uS program time N > 25 NO Verify pass YES Apply 3N program cycle NO Last address YES Figure 20-7 Programming Flow Chart 76 Apr. 2001 ver 1.0 HMS87C130XA/120XA/110XA START Set VDD=VDD2H Verify for all address Set VPP=VIHP First Address Location Next address location NO Last address YES Report Read OK VDD=0V VPP=0V END Figure 20-8 Reading Flow Chart Apr. 2001 ver1.0 77 APPENDIX HMS871C130XA/120XA/110XA APPENDIX A. INSTRUCTION MAP LOW 00000 HIGH 00 00001 01 SET1 dp.bit 00010 02 00011 03 BBS BBS A.bit,rel dp.bit,rel 00100 04 00101 05 00110 06 00111 07 01000 08 01001 09 ADC #imm ADC dp ADC dp+X ADC !abs ASL A ASL dp 01010 0A 01011 0B 01100 0C 01101 0D 01110 0E 01111 0F TCALL SETA1 0 .bit BIT dp POP A PUSH A BRK 000 - 001 CLRC SBC #imm SBC dp SBC dp+X SBC !abs ROL A ROL dp TCALL CLRA1 2 .bit COM dp POP X PUSH X BRA rel 010 CLRG CMP #imm CMP dp CMP dp+X CMP !abs LSR A LSR dp TCALL 4 NOT1 M.bit TST dp POP Y PUSH Y PCALL Upage 011 DI OR #imm OR dp OR dp+X OR !abs ROR A ROR dp TCALL 6 OR1 OR1B CMPX dp POP PSW PUSH PSW RET 100 CLRV AND #imm AND dp AND dp+X AND !abs INC A INC dp TCALL AND1 8 AND1B CMPY dp CBNE dp+X TXSP INC X 101 SETC EOR #imm EOR dp EOR dp+X EOR !abs DEC A DEC dp TCALL EOR1 10 EOR1B DBNE dp XMA dp+X TSPX DEC X 110 SETG LDA #imm LDA dp LDA dp+X LDA !abs TXA LDY dp TCALL 12 LDC LDCB LDX dp LDX dp+Y XCN DAS 111 EI LDM dp,#imm STA dp STA dp+X STA !abs TAX STY dp TCALL 14 STC M.bit STX dp STX dp+Y XAX STOP 10011 13 10100 14 10101 15 10110 16 10111 17 11000 18 11001 19 11010 1A 11011 1B 11100 1C 11101 1D 11110 1E 11111 1F ADC {X} ADC !abs+Y ADC [dp+X] ADC [dp]+Y ASL !abs ASL dp+X TCALL 1 JMP !abs BIT !abs ADDW dp LDX #imm JMP [!abs] TEST !abs SUBW dp LDY #imm JMP [dp] TCLR1 CMPW !abs dp CMPX #imm CALL [dp] LOW 10000 HIGH 10 10001 11 10010 12 000 BPL rel 001 BVC rel SBC {X} SBC !abs+Y SBC [dp+X] SBC [dp]+Y ROL !abs ROL dp+X TCALL 3 CALL !abs 010 BCC rel CMP {X} CMP !abs+Y CMP [dp+X] CMP [dp]+Y LSR !abs LSR dp+X TCALL 5 MUL 011 BNE rel OR {X} OR !abs+Y OR [dp+X] OR [dp]+Y ROR !abs ROR dp+X TCALL 7 DBNE Y CMPX !abs LDYA dp CMPY #imm RETI 100 BMI rel AND {X} AND !abs+Y AND [dp+X] AND [dp]+Y INC !abs INC dp+X TCALL 9 DIV CMPY !abs INCW dp INC Y TAY 101 BVS rel EOR {X} EOR !abs+Y EOR [dp+X] EOR [dp]+Y DEC !abs DEC dp+X TCALL 11 XMA {X} XMA dp DECW dp DEC Y TYA 110 BCS rel LDA {X} LDA !abs+Y LDA [dp+X] LDA [dp]+Y LDY !abs LDY dp+X TCALL 13 LDA {X}+ LDX !abs STYA dp XAY DAA 111 BEQ rel STA {X} STA !abs+Y STA [dp+X] STA [dp]+Y STY !abs STY dp+X TCALL 15 STA {X}+ STX !abs CBNE dp XYX NOP CLR1 BBC BBC dp.bit A.bit,rel dp.bit,rel Apr. 2001 Ver 1.0 i HMS87C130XA/120XA/110XA B. INSTRUCTION SET 1. ARITHMETIC/ LOGIC OPERATION NO. ii MNEMONIC OP BYTE CYCLE CODE NO NO 04 2 2 1 ADC #imm 2 ADC dp 05 2 3 3 ADC dp + X 06 2 4 4 ADC !abs 07 3 4 5 ADC !abs + Y 15 3 5 6 ADC [ dp + X ] 16 2 6 7 ADC [ dp ] + Y 17 2 6 8 ADC { X } 14 1 3 9 AND #imm AND dp 84 2 2 10 85 2 3 11 AND dp + X 86 2 4 12 AND !abs 87 3 4 13 AND !abs + Y 95 3 5 14 AND [ dp + X ] 96 2 6 15 AND [ dp ] + Y 97 2 6 16 AND { X } 94 1 3 17 ASL A 08 1 2 18 19 ASL dp ASL dp + X 09 19 2 2 4 5 20 ASL !abs 18 3 5 21 CMP #imm 44 2 2 22 CMP dp 45 2 3 23 CMP dp + X 46 2 4 24 CMP !abs 47 3 4 25 CMP !abs + Y 55 3 5 26 CMP [ dp + X ] 56 2 6 27 CMP [ dp ] + Y 57 2 6 28 CMP { X } 54 1 3 29 CMPX #imm 5E 2 2 30 CMPX dp 6C 2 3 31 CMPX !abs 7C 3 4 32 CMPY #imm 7E 2 2 33 CMPY dp 8C 2 3 34 CMPY !abs 9C 3 4 FLAG NVGBHIZC OPERATION Add with carry. A←(A)+(M)+C NV--H-ZC Logical AND A← (A)∧(M) N-----Z- Arithmetic shift left C 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 N-----ZC 0 “0” Compare accumulator contents with memory contents (A) -(M) N-----ZC Compare X contents with memory contents (X)-(M) N-----ZC Compare Y contents with memory contents (Y)-(M) N-----ZC 35 COM dp 2C 2 4 1’S Complement : ( dp ) ← ~( dp ) N-----Z- 36 DAA DF 1 3 Decimal adjust for addition N-----ZC 37 DAS CF 1 3 Decimal adjust for subtraction N-----ZC 38 DEC A A8 1 2 Decrement N-----Z- 39 DEC dp A9 2 4 40 DEC dp + X B9 2 5 41 DEC !abs B8 3 5 42 DEC X AF 1 2 43 DEC Y BE 1 2 44 DIV 9B 1 12 M← (M)-1 N-----Z- Divide : YA / X Q: A, R: Y NV--H-Z- Apr. 2001 Ver 1.0 HMS871C130XA/120XA/110XA NO. MNEMONIC OP BYTE CYCLE OPERATION CODE NO NO A4 2 2 Exclusive OR A5 2 3 A← (A)⊕(M) 45 EOR #imm 46 EOR dp 47 EOR dp + X A6 2 4 48 EOR !abs A7 3 4 49 EOR !abs + Y B5 3 5 50 EOR [ dp + X ] B6 2 6 51 EOR [ dp ] + Y B7 2 6 52 EOR { X } B4 1 3 N-----Z- 53 INC A 88 1 2 54 INC dp 89 2 4 55 INC dp + X 99 2 5 56 INC !abs 98 3 5 57 INC X 8F 1 2 58 INC Y 9E 1 2 59 LSR A 48 1 2 60 LSR dp 49 2 4 61 LSR dp + X 59 2 5 62 LSR !abs 58 3 5 63 MUL 5B 1 9 Multiply : YA ← Y × A 64 OR #imm 64 2 2 Logical OR 65 OR dp 65 2 3 66 OR dp + X 66 2 4 67 OR !abs 67 3 4 68 OR !abs + Y 75 3 5 69 OR [ dp + X ] 76 2 6 70 OR [ dp ] + Y 77 2 6 71 OR { X } 74 1 3 72 ROL A 28 1 2 73 ROL dp 29 2 4 74 ROL dp + X 39 2 5 75 ROL !abs 38 3 5 76 ROR A 68 1 2 77 ROR dp 69 2 4 78 ROR dp + X 79 2 5 79 ROR !abs 78 3 5 FLAG NVGBHIZC Increment N-----Z- M← (M)+1 N-----Z- Logical shift right 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 C N-----ZC “0” N-----Z- A ← (A)∨(M) N-----Z- Rotate left through carry C 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 N-----ZC Rotate right through carry 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 C N-----ZC 80 SBC #imm 24 2 2 81 SBC dp 25 2 3 82 SBC dp + X 26 2 4 83 SBC !abs 27 3 4 84 SBC !abs + Y 35 3 5 85 SBC [ dp + X ] 36 2 6 86 SBC [ dp ] + Y 37 2 6 87 SBC { X } 34 1 3 88 TST dp 4C 2 3 Test memory contents for negative or zero ( dp ) - 00H N-----Z- 89 XCN CE 1 5 Exchange nibbles within the accumulator A7~A4 ↔ A3~A0 N-----Z- Apr. 2001 Ver 1.0 Subtract with carry A ← ( A ) - ( M ) - ~( C ) NV--HZC iii HMS87C130XA/120XA/110XA 2. REGISTER / MEMORY OPERATION NO. iv MNEMONIC OP BYTE CYCLE CODE NO NO C4 2 2 1 LDA #imm 2 LDA dp C5 2 3 3 LDA dp + X C6 2 4 4 LDA !abs C7 3 4 5 LDA !abs + Y D5 3 5 6 LDA [ dp + X ] D6 2 6 7 LDA [ dp ] + Y D7 2 6 8 LDA { X } D4 1 3 Load accumulator A←(M) N-----Z- 9 LDA { X }+ DB 1 4 X- register auto-increment : A ← ( M ) , X ← X + 1 10 LDM dp,#imm E4 3 5 Load memory with immediate data : ( M ) ← imm 11 LDX #imm 1E 2 2 Load X-register 12 LDX dp CC 2 3 13 LDX dp + Y CD 2 4 14 LDX !abs DC 3 4 15 LDY #imm 3E 2 2 16 LDY dp C9 2 3 17 LDY dp + X D9 2 4 18 LDY !abs D8 3 4 19 STA dp E5 2 4 20 STA dp + X E6 2 5 21 STA !abs E7 3 5 22 STA !abs + Y F5 3 6 23 STA [ dp + X ] F6 2 7 24 STA [ dp ] + Y F7 2 7 25 STA { X } F4 1 4 FLAG NVGBHIZC OPERATION -------- X ←(M) N-----Z- Load Y-register Y←(M) N-----Z- Store accumulator contents in memory (M)←A -------- 26 STA { X }+ FB 1 4 X- register auto-increment : ( M ) ← A, X ← X + 1 27 STX dp EC 2 4 Store X-register contents in memory 28 STX dp + Y ED 2 5 29 STX !abs FC 3 5 30 STY dp E9 2 4 31 STY dp + X F9 2 5 32 STY !abs F8 3 5 33 TAX E8 1 2 Transfer accumulator contents to X-register : X ← A 34 TAY 9F 1 2 Transfer accumulator contents to Y-register : Y ← A N-----Z- 35 TSPX AE 1 2 Transfer stack-pointer contents to X-register : X ← sp N-----Z- (M)← X -------- Store Y-register contents in memory (M)← Y -------N-----Z- 36 TXA C8 1 2 Transfer X-register contents to accumulator: A ← X N-----Z- 37 TXSP 8E 1 2 Transfer X-register contents to stack-pointer: sp ← X N-----Z- 38 TYA BF 1 2 Transfer Y-register contents to accumulator: A ← Y N-----Z- 39 XAX EE 1 4 Exchange X-register contents with accumulator :X ↔ A -------- 40 XAY DE 1 4 Exchange Y-register contents with accumulator :Y ↔ A -------- 41 XMA dp BC 2 5 Exchange memory contents with accumulator 42 XMA dp+X AD 2 6 43 XMA {X} BB 1 5 44 XYX FE 1 4 (M)↔A N-----Z- Exchange X-register contents with Y-register : X ↔ Y -------- Apr. 2001 Ver 1.0 HMS871C130XA/120XA/110XA 3. 16-BIT OPERATION NO. MNEMONIC OP BYTE CYCLE CODE NO NO OPERATION FLAG NVGBHIZC 1 ADDW dp 1D 2 5 16-Bits add without carry YA ← ( YA ) + ( dp +1 ) ( dp ) NV--H-ZC 2 CMPW dp 5D 2 4 Compare YA contents with memory pair contents : (YA) − (dp+1)(dp) N-----ZC 3 DECW dp BD 2 6 Decrement memory pair ( dp+1)( dp) ← ( dp+1) ( dp) - 1 N-----Z- 4 INCW dp 9D 2 6 Increment memory pair ( dp+1) ( dp) ← ( dp+1) ( dp ) + 1 N-----Z- 5 LDYA dp 7D 2 5 Load YA YA ← ( dp +1 ) ( dp ) N-----Z- 6 STYA dp DD 2 5 Store YA ( dp +1 ) ( dp ) ← YA -------- 7 SUBW dp 3D 2 5 16-Bits substact without carry YA ← ( YA ) - ( dp +1) ( dp) NV--H-ZC 4. BIT MANIPULATION NO. MNEMONIC OP BYTE CYCLE OPERATION CODE NO NO 8B 3 4 Bit AND C-flag : C ← ( C ) ∧ ( M .bit ) FLAG NVGBHIZC -------C 1 AND1 M.bit 2 AND1B M.bit 8B 3 4 Bit AND C-flag and NOT : C ← ( C ) ∧ ~( M .bit ) -------C 3 BIT dp 0C 2 4 Bit test A with memory : MM----Z- 4 BIT !abs 1C 3 5 Z ← ( A ) ∧ ( M ) , N ← ( M7 ) , V ← ( M6 ) 5 CLR1 dp.bit y1 2 4 Clear bit : ( M.bit ) ← “0” -------- 6 CLRA1 A.bit 2B 2 2 Clear A bit : ( A.bit )← “0” -------- 7 CLRC 20 1 2 Clear C-flag : C ← “0” -------0 8 CLRG 40 1 2 Clear G-flag : G ← “0” --0----- 9 -0--0--- CLRV 80 1 2 Clear V-flag : V ← “0” 10 EOR1 M.bit AB 3 5 Bit exclusive-OR C-flag : C ← ( C ) ⊕ ( M .bit ) 11 EOR1B M.bit AB 3 5 4 -------C Bit exclusive-OR C-flag and NOT : C ← ( C ) ⊕ ~(M .bit) -------C Load C-flag : C ← ( M .bit ) -------C 12 LDC M.bit CB 3 13 LDCB M.bit CB 3 4 Load C-flag with NOT : C ← ~( M .bit ) -------C 14 NOT1 M.bit 4B 3 5 Bit complement : ( M .bit ) ← ~( M .bit ) -------- 15 OR1 M.bit 6B 3 5 Bit OR C-flag : C ← ( C ) ∨ ( M .bit ) -------C 16 OR1B M.bit 6B 3 5 Bit OR C-flag and NOT : C ← ( C ) ∨ ~( M .bit ) -------C 17 SET1 dp.bit x1 2 4 Set bit : ( M.bit ) ← “1” -------- 18 SETA1 A.bit 0B 2 2 Set A bit : ( A.bit ) ← “1” -------- 19 SETC A0 1 2 Set C-flag : C ← “1” -------1 20 SETG C0 1 2 Set G-flag : G ← “1” --1----- 21 STC M.bit EB 3 6 Store C-flag : ( M .bit ) ← C -------N-----ZN-----Z- 22 TCLR1 !abs 5C 3 6 Test and clear bits with A : A - ( M ) , ( M ) ← ( M ) ∧ ~( A ) 23 TSET1 !abs 3C 3 6 Test and set bits with A : A-(M), (M)← (M)∨(A) Apr. 2001 Ver 1.0 v HMS87C130XA/120XA/110XA 5. BRANCH / JUMP OPERATION NO. vi MNEMONIC 1 BBC A.bit,rel 2 BBC dp.bit,rel OP BYTE CYCLE OPERATION CODE NO NO y2 2 4/6 Branch if bit clear : y3 3 5/7 if ( bit ) = 0 , then pc ← ( pc ) + rel FLAG NVGBHIZC -------- 3 BBS A.bit,rel x2 2 4/6 Branch if bit set : 4 BBS dp.bit,rel x3 3 5/7 if ( bit ) = 1 , then pc ← ( pc ) + rel 5 BCC rel 50 2 2/4 Branch if carry bit clear if ( C ) = 0 , then pc ← ( pc ) + rel -------- 6 BCS rel D0 2 2/4 Branch if carry bit set if ( C ) = 1 , then pc ← ( pc ) + rel -------- 7 BEQ rel F0 2 2/4 Branch if equal if ( Z ) = 1 , then pc ← ( pc ) + rel -------- 8 BMI rel 90 2 2/4 Branch if minus if ( N ) = 1 , then pc ← ( pc ) + rel -------- 9 BNE rel 70 2 2/4 Branch if not equal if ( Z ) = 0 , then pc ← ( pc ) + rel -------- 10 BPL rel 10 2 2/4 Branch if minus if ( N ) = 0 , then pc ← ( pc ) + rel -------- 11 BRA rel 2F 2 4 Branch always pc ← ( pc ) + rel -------- 12 BVC rel 30 2 2/4 Branch if overflow bit clear if (V) = 0 , then pc ← ( pc) + rel -------- 13 BVS rel B0 2 2/4 Branch if overflow bit set if (V) = 1 , then pc ← ( pc ) + rel -------- 14 CALL !abs 3B 3 8 Subroutine call M( sp)←( pcH ), sp←sp - 1, M(sp)← (pcL), sp ←sp - 1, -------if !abs, pc← abs ; if [dp], pc L← ( dp ), pcH← ( dp+1 ) . 15 CALL [dp] 5F 2 8 16 -------- CBNE dp,rel FD 3 5/7 17 CBNE dp+X,rel 8D 3 6/8 18 DBNE dp,rel AC 3 5/7 Decrement and branch if not equal : 19 DBNE Y,rel 7B 2 4/6 if ( M ) ≠ 0 , then pc ← ( pc ) + rel. 20 JMP !abs 1B 3 3 21 JMP [!abs] 1F 3 5 22 JMP [dp] 3F 2 4 23 PCALL upage 4F 2 6 U-page call M(sp) ←( pcH ), sp ←sp - 1, M(sp) ← ( pcL ), sp ← sp - 1, pcL ← ( upage ), pcH ← ”0FFH” . -------- 24 TCALL n nA 1 8 Table call : (sp) ←( pcH ), sp ← sp - 1, M(sp) ← ( pcL ),sp ← sp - 1, pcL ← (Table vector L), pcH ← (Table vector H) -------- Compare and branch if not equal : -------- if ( A ) ≠ ( M ) , then pc ← ( pc ) + rel. -------- Unconditional jump pc ← jump address -------- Apr. 2001 Ver 1.0 HMS871C130XA/120XA/110XA 6. CONTROL OPERATION & etc. NO. MNEMONIC OP BYTE CYCLE CODE NO NO OPERATION FLAG NVGBHIZC 0F 1 8 Software interrupt : B ← ”1”, M(sp) ← (pcH), sp ←sp-1, M(s) ← (pcL), sp ← sp - 1, M(sp) ← (PSW), sp ← sp -1, ---1-0-pcL ← ( 0FFDEH ) , pcH ← ( 0FFDFH) . DI 60 1 3 Disable interrupts : I ← “0” -----0-- EI E0 1 3 Enable interrupts : I ← “1” -----1--------- 1 BRK 2 3 4 NOP FF 1 2 No operation 5 POP A 0D 1 4 sp ← sp + 1, A ← M( sp ) 6 POP X 2D 1 4 sp ← sp + 1, X ← M( sp ) 7 POP Y 4D 1 4 sp ← sp + 1, Y ← M( sp ) 8 sp ← sp + 1, PSW ← M( sp ) POP PSW 6D 1 4 9 PUSH A 0E 1 4 M( sp ) ← A , sp ← sp - 1 10 PUSH X 2E 1 4 M( sp ) ← X , sp ← sp - 1 11 PUSH Y 4E 1 4 M( sp ) ← Y , sp ← sp - 1 12 PUSH PSW 6E 1 4 M( sp ) ← PSW , sp ← sp - 1 -------restored -------- 13 RET 6F 1 5 Return from subroutine -------sp ← sp +1, pcL ← M( sp ), sp ← sp +1, pcH ← M( sp ) 14 RETI 7F 1 6 Return from interrupt sp ← sp +1, PSW ← M( sp ), sp ← sp + 1, pcL ← M( sp ), sp ← sp + 1, pcH ← M( sp ) restored 15 STOP EF 1 3 Stop mode ( halt CPU, stop oscillator ) -------- Apr. 2001 Ver 1.0 vii