FL6300A Quasi-Resonant Current Mode PWM Controller for Lighting Features Description High-Voltage Startup Quasi-Resonant Operation Cycle-by-Cycle Current Limiting Peak-Current-Mode Control Leading-Edge Blanking (LEB) Internal Minimum tOFF Internal 5ms Soft-Start Over-Power Compensation GATE Output Maximum Voltage Auto-Recovery Over-Current Protection (FB Pin) Auto-Recovery Open-Loop Protection (FB Pin) VDD Pin and Output Voltage (DET Pin) OVP Latched Frequency Operation Below 100KHz The FL6300A general lighting power controller includes a highly integrated PWM controller and provides several features to enhance the performance of flyback converters in medium- to high-power lumens applications. Applications General LED Lighting Industrial, Commercial, and Residential Fixtures Outdoor Lighting: Street, Roadway, Parking, Construction, and Ornamental LED Lighting Fixtures The FL6300A is applied on quasi-resonant flyback converters where maximum operating frequency is below 100KHz. A built-in HV startup circuit can provide more startup current to reduce the startup time of the controller. Once the VDD voltage exceeds the turn-on threshold voltage, the HV startup function is disabled to reduce power consumption. An internal valley voltage detector ensures that the power system operates at quasi-resonant operation over a wide-range of line voltage and load conditions, as well as reducing switching loss to minimize switching voltage on the drain of the power MOSFET. To minimize standby power consumption and improve light-load efficiency, a proprietary green-mode function provides off-time modulation to decrease switching frequency and perform extended valley voltage switching to keep to a minimum switching voltage. The operating frequency is limited by minimum tOFF time, which is 38µs to 8µs. FL6300A also provides many protection functions. Pulse-by-pulse current limiting ensures the fixed-peak current limit level, even when a short circuit occurs. Once an open-circuit failure occurs in the feedback loop, the internal protection circuit disables PWM output immediately. As long as VDD drops below the turn-off threshold voltage, the controller also disables PWM output. The gate output is clamped at 18V to protect the power MOS from high gate-source voltage conditions. The minimum tOFF time limit prevents the system frequency from being too high. If the DET pin triggers over-voltage protection (OVP), internal overtemperature protection (OTP) is triggered and the power system enters latch-mode until AC power is removed. Ordering Information Part Number Operating Temperature Range FL6300AMY -40°C to +125°C © 2010 Fairchild Semiconductor Corporation FL6300A • Rev. 1.0.1 Package 8-Lead, Small Outline Package (SOP) Packing Method Tape & Reel www.fairchildsemi.com FL6300A — Quasi-Resonant Current Mode PWM Controller for Lighting November 2010 Figure 1. Typical Application Circuit for Flyback Converter Internal Block Diagram DRIVER FL6300A — Quasi-Resonant Current Mode PWM Controller for Lighting Application Diagram Figure 2. Functional Block Diagram Marking Information : Fairchild Logo Z: Plant Code X: Year Code Y: Week Code TT: Die Run Code T: Package Type (M = SOP) P: Y = Green Package M: Manufacture Flow Code Figure 3. Marking Diagram © 2010 Fairchild Semiconductor Corporation FL6300A • Rev. 1.0.1 www.fairchildsemi.com 2 DET 1 8 HV FB 2 7 NC CS 3 6 VDD GND 4 5 GATE Figure 4. Pin Assignments Pin Definitions Pin # Name Description DET This pin is connected to an auxiliary winding of the transformer via resistors of the divider for the following purposes: - Generates a zero-current detection (ZCD) signal once the secondary-side switching current falls to zero. - Produces an offset voltage to compensate the threshold voltage of the peak current limit to provide a constant power limit. The offset is generated in accordance with the input voltage when PWM signal is enabled. - Detects the valley voltage of the switching waveform to achieve the valley voltage switching and minimize the switching losses. A voltage comparator and a 2.5V reference voltage develop an output OVP protection. The ratio of the divider determines what output voltage to stop gate, as an optical coupler and secondary shunt regulator are used. 2 FB The feedback pin should to be connected to the output of the error amplifier for achieving the voltage control loop. The FB pin should be connected to the output of the optical coupler if the error amplifier is equipped at the secondary-side of the power converter. For primary-side control applications, FB is applied to connect a RC network to the ground for feedback-loop compensation. The input impedance of this pin is a 5kΩ equivalent resistance. A one-third (1/3) attenuator connected between the FB and the PWM circuit is used for the loop-gain attenuation. FL6300A performs an open-loop protection (OLP) once the FB voltage is higher than a threshold voltage (around 4.2V) for more than 55ms. 3 CS Input to the comparator of the over-current protection. A resistor senses the switching current and the resulting voltage is applied to this pin for the cycle-by-cycle current limit. 4 GND The power ground and signal ground. A 0.1µF decoupling capacitor placed between VDD and GND is recommended. 5 GATE Totem-pole output generates the PWM signal to drive the external power MOSFET. The clamped gate output voltage is 18V. 6 VDD Power supply. The threshold voltages for startup and turn-off are 16V and 10V, respectively. The startup current is less than 20µA and the operating current is lower than 4.5mA. 7 NC No connect 8 HV High-voltage startup 1 © 2010 Fairchild Semiconductor Corporation FL6300A • Rev. 1.0.1 FL6300A — Quasi-Resonant Current Mode PWM Controller for Lighting Pin Configuration www.fairchildsemi.com 3 Stresses exceeding the absolute maximum ratings may damage the device. The device may not function or be operable above the recommended operating conditions and stressing the parts to these levels is not recommended. In addition, extended exposure to stresses above the recommended operating conditions may affect device reliability. The absolute maximum ratings are stress ratings only. Symbol Parameter Min. Max. Unit VDD DC Supply Voltage 30 V VHV HV 500 V VH GATE -0.3 25.0 V -0.3 VL VFB, VCS, VDET 7.0 V PD Power Dissipation 400 mW TJ Operating Junction Temperature +150 °C TSTG TL ESD +150 °C Lead Temperature (Soldering 10 Seconds) Storage Temperature Range -55 +270 °C Human Body Model, JEDEC:JESD22-A114 3.0 Charged Device Model, JEDEC:JESD22-C101 1.5 KV Notes: 1. Stresses beyond those listed under Absolute Maximum Ratings may cause permanent damage to the device. 2. All voltage values, except differential voltages, are given with respect to GND pin. Recommended Operating Conditions The Recommended Operating Conditions table defines the conditions for actual device operation. Recommended operating conditions are specified to ensure optimal performance to the datasheet specifications. Fairchild does not recommend exceeding them or designing to Absolute Maximum Ratings. Symbol TA Parameter Operating Ambient Temperature © 2010 Fairchild Semiconductor Corporation FL6300A • Rev. 1.0.1 Min. Max. Unit -40 +125 °C FL6300A — Quasi-Resonant Current Mode PWM Controller for Lighting Absolute Maximum Ratings www.fairchildsemi.com 4 Unless otherwise specified, VDD=10~25V, TA=-40°C~125°C (TA=TJ). Symbol Parameter Conditions Min. Typ. Max. Unit 25 V VDD Section VOP Continuously Operating Voltage VDD-ON Turn-On Threshold Voltage 15 16 17 V VDD-PWM-OFF PWM Off Threshold Voltage 9 10 11 V VDD-OFF Turn-Off Threshold Voltage 7 8 9 V IDD-ST Startup Current VDD=VDD-ON -0.16V GATE Open 10 20 µA IDD-OP Operating Current VDD=15V, fS=60KHz, CL=2nF 4.5 5.5 mA Green-Mode Operating Supply Current (Average) VDD=15V, fS=2KHz, CL=2nF 3.5 mA Operating Current at PWM-Off Phase VDD=VDD-PWM-OFF0.5V IDD-GREEN IDD-PWM-OFF VDD-OVP VDD Over-Voltage Protection (Latch-Off) tVDD-OVP VDD OVP Debounce Time IDD-LATCH VDD OVP Latch-Up Holding Current 70 80 90 µA 26 27 28 V 100 150 200 VDD=5V 42 µs µA HV Startup Current Source Section VHV-MIN Minimum Startup Voltage on Pin HV IHV Supply Current Drawn from Pin HV VAC=90V(VDC=120V) VDD=0V Leakage Current After Startup HV=500V, VDD=VDD-OFF +1V IHV-LC 50 V 4.0 mA 1 20 µA 1/2.75 1/3.00 1/3.25 V/V 3 5 7 KΩ 1.5 Feedback Input Section AV=ΔVCS/ΔVFB, AV Input-Voltage to Current Sense Attenuation ZFB Input Impedance IOZ Bias Current 1.2 2.0 mA VOZ Zero Duty Cycle Input Voltage 0.8 1.0 1.2 V VFB-OLP Open-Loop Protection Threshold Voltage 3.9 4.2 4.5 V tD-OLP Debounce Time for Open-Loop/Overload Protection 46 52 62 ms tSS 0<VCS<0.9 FB=VOZ Internal Soft-Start Time 5 FL6300A — Quasi-Resonant Current Mode PWM Controller for Lighting Electrical Characteristics ms Continued on the following page... © 2010 Fairchild Semiconductor Corporation FL6300A • Rev. 1.0.1 www.fairchildsemi.com 5 Unless otherwise specified, VDD=10~25V, TA=-40°C ~125°C (TA=TJ). Symbol Parameter Conditions Min. Typ. Max. Unit 2.45 2.50 2.55 V DET Pin OVP and Valley Detection Section VDET-OVP Av Bw Comparator Reference Voltage (3) Open-Loop Gain Gain Bandwidth (3) VV-HIGH Output High Voltage VV-LOW Output Low Voltage tDET-OVP Output OVP (Latched) Debounce Time IDET-SOURCE 60 dB 1 MHz 4.5 100 V 150 0.5 V 200 µs Maximum Source Current VDET=0V 1 mA VDET-HIGH Upper Clamp Voltage IDET=-1mA 5 V VDET-LOW Lower Clamp Voltage IDET=1mA 0.1 0.3 V tVALLEY-DELAY Delay Time from Valley Signal Detected to (3) Output Turn-On 200 ns tOFF-BNK Leading-Edge-Blanking Time for DET when (3) PWM MOS Turns Off 4 µs tTIME-OUT Time-Out After tOFF-MIN 9 µs Oscillator Section tON-MAX Maximum On-Time tOFF-MIN Minimum Off-Time 38 45 VFB≧VN, 8 VFB=VG 38 54 µs µs VN Beginning of Green-On Mode at FB Voltage Level 1.95 2.10 2.25 V VG Beginning of Green-Off Mode at FB Voltage Level 1.0 1.2 1.4 V ΔVFBG tSTARTER Green-Off Mode VFB Hysteresis Voltage Start Timer (Time-Out Timer) 0.05 0.10 0.20 V VFB<VG 1.8 2.1 2.4 ms VFB>VFB-OLP 25 30 45 µs 1.5 V FL6300A — Quasi-Resonant Current Mode PWM Controller for Lighting Electrical Characteristics (Continued) Output Section VOL Output Voltage Low VDD=15V, IO=150mA VOH Output Voltage High VDD=12V, IO=150mA 7.5 V tR Rising Time 145 200 ns tF Falling Time 55 120 ns 18.0 19.3 V VCLAMP Gate Output Clamping Voltage 16.7 Continued on the following page… © 2010 Fairchild Semiconductor Corporation FL6300A • Rev. 1.0.1 www.fairchildsemi.com 6 Unless otherwise specified, VDD=10~25V, TA=-40°C ~125°C (TA=TJ). Symbol Parameter Conditions Min. Typ. Max. Unit 20 150 200 ns Current Sense Section tPD Delay to Output VLIMIT Limit Voltage on CS Pin for Over-Power Compensation VSLOPE Slope Compensation tBNK (3) IDET < 74.41µA 0.82 0.85 0.88 IDET=550µA 0.380 0.415 0.450 tON=45µs 0.3 tON=0µs 0.1 Leading-Edge-Blanking Time (MOS Turns ON) 525 VCS-H VCS Clamped High Voltage once CS Pin Floating CS Pin Floating tCS-H Delay Time Once CS Pin Floating CS Pin Floating 625 4.5 V V 725 ns 5.0 V 150 µs +140 °C +15 °C Internal Over-Temperature Protection Section (3) TOTP Internal Threshold Temperature for OTP TOTP-HYST Hysteresis Temperature for Internal OTP (3) Note: 3. This parameter, although guaranteed by design, is not tested in production. © 2010 Fairchild Semiconductor Corporation FL6300A • Rev. 1.0.1 FL6300A — Quasi-Resonant Current Mode PWM Controller for Lighting Electrical Characteristics(Continued) www.fairchildsemi.com 7 Graphs are normalized at TA=25°C. 10.00 17.0 9.80 V DD-P W M -O FF (V) V DD -ON (V) 16.5 16.0 9.60 9.40 15.5 9.20 15.0 -40℃ -25℃ -10℃ 5℃ 9.00 20℃ 35℃ 50℃ 65℃ 80℃ 95℃ 110℃ 125℃ -40℃ Temperature(oC) -10℃ 5℃ 20℃ 35℃ 50℃ 65℃ Temperature(°C) 80℃ 95℃ 110℃ 125℃ Figure 6. PWM-Off Threshold Voltage 8.1 18 8.0 16 7.9 14 IDD-ST(µA) VDD-OF F (V) Figure 5. Turn-On Threshold Voltage -25℃ 7.8 12 7.7 10 7.6 8 7.5 6 -40℃ -25℃ -10℃ 5℃ -40℃ 20℃ 35℃ 50℃ 65℃ 80℃ 95℃ 110℃ 125℃ -25℃ -10℃ 5℃ 20℃ o Temperature( C) 35℃ 50℃ 65℃ 80℃ 95℃ 110℃ 125℃ Temperature(°C) Figure 7. Turn-Off Threshold Voltage Figure 8. Startup Current 4.0 4.50 3.5 4.20 IHV(mA) IDD-OP (m A) 3.0 3.90 3.60 2.5 2.0 1.5 3.30 1.0 3.00 -40℃ -25℃ -10℃ 5℃ 20℃ 35℃ 50℃ 65℃ 80℃ 95℃ 110℃ -40℃ 125℃ -25℃ -10℃ 5℃ 20℃ Figure 9. Operating Current 50℃ 65℃ 80℃ 95℃ 110℃ 125℃ Figure 10. Supply Current Drawn From HV Pin 0.32 0.40 0.31 0.35 0.30 0.30 V DET-LOW (V) 0.29 0.28 0.27 0.26 0.25 0.20 0.15 0.25 -40℃ -25℃ -10℃ 35℃ Temperature(°C) Temperature(°C) IHV-LC (µA) FL6300A — Quasi-Resonant Current Mode PWM Controller for Lighting Typical Performance Characteristics 5℃ 0.10 20℃ 35℃ 50℃ 65℃ 80℃ 95℃ 110℃ 125℃ -40℃ -25℃ -10℃ Temperature(°C) 20℃ 35℃ 50℃ 65℃ 80℃ 95℃ 110℃ 125℃ Temperature(oC) Figure 11. Leakage Current After Startup © 2010 Fairchild Semiconductor Corporation FL6300A • Rev. 1.0.1 5℃ Figure 12. Lower Clamp Voltage www.fairchildsemi.com 8 These characteristic graphs are normalized at TA = 25°C. 8.70 2.52 8.40 toff-min(µs) V DET-OVP(V) 2.51 2.50 2.49 8.10 7.80 2.48 -40℃ -25℃ -10℃ 5℃ 20℃ 35℃ 50℃ 65℃ 80℃ 95℃ 110℃ 125℃ 7.50 -40℃ -25℃ -10℃ Temperature(oC) 35℃ 50℃ 65℃ 80℃ 95℃ 110℃ 125℃ Figure 14. Minimum Off Time (VFB>VN) 42.0 2.50 40.0 2.40 tSTARTER(ms) t OFF -M IN(μs) 20℃ Temperature(°C) Figure 13. Comparator Reference Voltage 38.0 36.0 34.0 2.30 2.20 2.10 2.00 1.90 32.0 -40℃ -25℃ -10℃ 5℃ 5℃ 20℃ 35℃ 50℃ 65℃ -40℃ -25℃ -10℃ 5℃ 80℃ 95℃ 110℃ 125℃ Temperature( C) Figure 15. Minimum Off Time (VFB=VG) © 2010 Fairchild Semiconductor Corporation FL6300A • Rev. 1.0.1 20℃ 35℃ 50℃ 65℃ 80℃ 95℃ 110℃ 125℃ Temperature(°C) o Figure 16. Start Timer (VFB<VG) FL6300A — Quasi-Resonant Current Mode PWM Controller for Lighting Typical Performance Characteristics (Continued) www.fairchildsemi.com 9 Green-Mode Operation The FL6300A PWM controller integrates features to enhance the performance of flyback converters. An internal valley voltage detector ensures Quasi-Resonant (QR) operation across a wide range of line voltage. The proprietary green mode provides off-time modulation to linearly decrease the switching frequency under lightload conditions. VFB, which is derived from the voltage feedback loop, is taken as the reference. In Figure 19, once VFB is lower than VN, tOFF-MIN increases linearly with lower VFB. The valley voltage detection signal does not start until tOFF-MIN finishes. Therefore, the valley-detect circuit is active until tOFF-MIN finishes, which decreases the switching frequency and provides extended valley voltage switching. However, in very light-load condition, it might fail to detect the valley voltage after the tOFF-MIN expires. Under this condition, an internal tTIME-OUT signal initiates a new cycle after a 9μs delay. Figure 20 and Figure 21 show the two conditions. Startup Current For startup, the HV pin is connected to the line input or bulk capacitor through an external diode and resistor, RHV, which are recommended as 1N4007 and 100kΩ. Typical startup current drawn from the HV pin is 1.2mA and it charges the hold-up capacitor through the diode and resistor. When the VDD voltage level reaches VDD-ON, the startup current switches off. At this point, the VDD capacitor only supplies the FL6300A to maintain VDD until the auxiliary winding of the main transformer provides the operating current. Valley Detection tO F F -M I N 2 .1 m s The DET pin is connected to an auxiliary winding of the transformer via resistors of the divider to generate a valley signal once the secondary-side switching current discharges to zero. It detects the valley voltage of the switching waveform to achieve the valley voltage switching. This ensures QR operation, minimizes switching losses, and reduces EMI. Figure 17 shows divider resistors RDET and RA. RDET is recommended as 150kΩ to 220kΩ to achieve valley voltage switching. When VAUX (in Figure 17) is negative, the DET pin voltage is clamped to 0.3V. 38/13 μ s 8 /3μ s 1 .2 V VF B 2 .1 V Figure 19. VFB vs. tOFF-MIN Curve FL6300A — Quasi-Resonant Current Mode PWM Controller for Lighting Operation Description Figure 17. Valley Detect Section The internal timer (minimum tOFF) prevents gate retriggering within 8µs after the gate signal going-LOW transition. The minimum tOFF limit prevents system frequency being too high. Figure 18 shows a typical drain voltage waveform with first valley switching. Figure 20. QR Operation in Extended Valley Voltage Detection Mode Figure 18. First Valley Switching © 2010 Fairchild Semiconductor Corporation FL6300A • Rev. 1.0.1 Figure 21. Internal tTIME-OUT Initiates New Cycle After Failure to Detect Valley Voltage www.fairchildsemi.com 10 VDD Over-Voltage Protection Peak-current-mode control is utilized to regulate output voltage and provide pulse-by-pulse current limiting. The switch current is detected by a sense resistor into the CS pin. The PWM duty cycle is determined by this currentsense signal and VFB. When the voltage on CS reaches around VLIMIT=(VFB-1.2)/3, the switch cycle is terminated immediately. VLIMIT is internally clamped to a variable voltage around 0.85V for output power limit. VDD over-voltage protection prevents damage due to abnormal conditions. Once the VDD voltage is over the VDD over-voltage protection voltage (VDD-OVP) and lasts for tVDDOVP, the PWM pulse is disabled until the VDD voltage drops below the UVLO, then starts again. Output Over-Voltage Protection The output over-voltage protection works by the sampling voltage, as shown in Figure 23, after switch-off sequence. A 4μs blanking time ignores the leakage inductance ringing. A voltage comparator and a 2.5V reference voltage develop an output OVP protection. The ratio of the divider determines the sampling voltage of the stop gate, as an optical coupler and secondary shunt regulator are used. If the DET pin OVP is triggered, the power system enters latch-mode until AC power is removed. Leading-Edge Blanking (LEB) Each time the power MOFFET switches on, a turn-on spike occurs on the sense resistor. To avoid premature termination of the switching pulse, lead-edge blanking time is built in. During the blanking period, the current limit comparator is disabled; it cannot switch off the gate driver. Under-Voltage Lockout (UVLO) The turn-on, PWM-off, and turn-off thresholds are fixed internally at 16/10/8V, respectively. During startup, the startup capacitor must be charged to 16V through the startup resistor to enable the IC. The hold-up capacitor continues to supply VDD until energy can be delivered from the auxiliary winding of the main transformer. VDD must not drop below 10V during this startup process. This UVLO hysteresis window ensures that hold-up capacitor is adequate to supply VDD during startup. Gate Output The BiCMOS output stage is a fast totem-pole gate driver. Cross conduction has been avoided to minimize heat dissipation, increase efficiency, and enhance reliability. The output driver is clamped by an internal 18V Zener diode to protect power MOSFET transistors against undesired over-voltage gate signals. Figure 23. Voltage Sampled After 4μs Blanking Time After Switch-Off Sequence Over-Power Compensation Short-Circuit and Open-Loop Protection To compensate for the variation of a wide AC input range, the DET pin produces an offset voltage to compensate the threshold voltage of the peak current limit for a constant-power limit. The offset is generated in accordance with the input voltage when PWM signal is enabled. This results in a lower current limit at high-line inputs than low-line inputs. At fixed-load condition, the CS limit is higher when the value of RDET is higher. RDET also affects the H/L line constant power limit. The FB voltage increases every time the output of the power supply is shorted or overloaded. If the FB voltage remains higher than a built-in threshold for longer than tDOLP, PWM output is turned off. As PWM output is turnedoff, the supply voltage VDD begins decreasing. VAUX 6 When VDD goes below the PWM-off threshold of 10V, VDD decreases to 8V, then the controller is totally shut down. VDD is charged up to the turn-on threshold voltage of 16V through the startup resistor until PWM output is restarted. This protection feature continues as long as the overloading condition persists. This prevents the power supply from overheating due to overloading. VIN RDET VDD FAN6300A/H — Highly Integrated Quasi-Resonant Current Mode PWM Controller Current Sensing and PWM Current Limiting DET 1 RA GATE 5 ON CS 3 RS GND 4 Figure 22. H/L Line Constant Power Limit Compensated by DET Pin © 2009 Fairchild Semiconductor Corporation FAN6300A / FAN6300H • Rev. 1.0.1 www.fairchildsemi.com 11 5.00 4.80 A 0.65 3.81 5 8 B 6.20 5.80 PIN ONE INDICATOR 1.75 4.00 3.80 1 5.60 4 1.27 (0.33) 0.25 M 1.27 C B A LAND PATTERN RECOMMENDATION 0.25 0.10 SEE DETAIL A 1.75 MAX 0.25 0.19 C 0.10 0.51 0.33 0.50 x 45° 0.25 R0.10 C OPTION A - BEVEL EDGE GAGE PLANE R0.10 0.36 FL6300A — Quasi-Resonant Current Mode PWM Controller for Lighting Physical Dimensions OPTION B - NO BEVEL EDGE NOTES: UNLESS OTHERWISE SPECIFIED 8° 0° 0.90 0.406 SEATING PLANE (1.04) DETAIL A SCALE: 2:1 A) THIS PACKAGE CONFORMS TO JEDEC MS-012, VARIATION AA, ISSUE C, B) ALL DIMENSIONS ARE IN MILLIMETERS. C) DIMENSIONS DO NOT INCLUDE MOLD FLASH OR BURRS. D) LANDPATTERN STANDARD: SOIC127P600X175-8M. E) DRAWING FILENAME: M08AREV13 Figure 24. 8-Pin Small Outline Package (SOP) Package drawings are provided as a service to customers considering Fairchild components. Drawings may change in any manner without notice. Please note the revision and/or date on the drawing and contact a Fairchild Semiconductor representative to verify or obtain the most recent revision. Package specifications do not expand the terms of Fairchild’s worldwide terms and conditions, specifically the warranty therein, which covers Fairchild products. Always visit Fairchild Semiconductor’s online packaging area for the most recent package drawings: http://www.fairchildsemi.com/packaging/. © 2010 Fairchild Semiconductor Corporation FL6300A • Rev. 1.0.0 www.fairchildsemi.com FL6300A — Quasi-Resonant Current Mode PWM Controller for Lighting © 2010 Fairchild Semiconductor Corporation FL6300A • Rev. 1.0.1 www.fairchildsemi.com 13