FREESCALE PCZ33810EK/R2

Freescale Semiconductor
Advance Information
Document Number: MC33810
Rev. 4.0, 2/2008
Automotive Engine Control IC
33810
The 33810 is an eight channel output driver IC intended for
automotive engine control applications. The IC consists of four
integrated low side drivers and four low side gate pre-drivers. The low
side drivers are suitable for driving fuel injectors, solenoids, lamps,
and relays. The four gate pre-drivers can function either as ignition
IGBT gate pre-drivers or as general purpose MOSFET gate predrivers.
When configured as ignition IGBT gate pre-drivers, additional
features are enabled such as spark duration, dwell time, and ignition
coil current sense. When configured as a general purpose gate predriver, the 33810 provides external MOSFETs with short circuit
protection, inductive flyback protection and diagnostics. The device is
packaged in a 32 pin (0.65mm pitch) exposed pad SOIC.
ENGINE CONTROL
EK SUFFIX (Pb-FREE)
98ARL10543D
32 PIN SOICW EP
Features
• Designed to operate over the range of 4.5V ≤ VPWR ≤ 36V
• Quad ignition IGBT or MOSFET gate pre-driver with Parallel/SPI
and/or PWM control
• Quad injector driver with Parallel/SPI control
• Interfaces directly to MCU using 3.3V / 5.0V SPI protocol
• Injector driver current limit - 4.5A max.
• Independent fault protection and diagnostics
• VPWR standby current 10µA max.
• Pb-free packaging designated by suffix code EK
VDD
VPWR
VDD
MCU
MOSI
SI
Device
Temperature
Range (TA)
Package
PCZ33810EK/R2
-40°C to 125°C
32 SOICW-EP
VBAT
33810
VBAT
ORDERING INFORMATION
OUT0
VBAT
OUT1
OUT2
OUT3
GND
SCLK
SCLK
VBAT
VBAT
VBAT
FB0
CS
CS
MISO
SO
ETPU
DIN0
ETPU
DIN3
ETPU
GIN0
FB2
ETPU
GIN3
GD2
GPIO
OUT EN
ETPU
SPKDUR
ETPU
NOMI
ETPU
MAXI
GD0
VBAT
FB1
GD1
FB3
GD3
RSP
RSN
Figure 1. MC33810 Simplified Application Diagram
* This document contains certain information on a new product.
Specifications and information herein are subject to change without notice.
© Freescale Semiconductor, Inc., 2006 - 2008. All rights reserved.
VBAT
VBAT
INTERNAL BLOCK DIAGRAM
INTERNAL BLOCK DIAGRAM
VPWR
VDD
VDD
VDD
~50µA
~50µA
CS
SI
SCLK
OUTEN
VPWR, VDD
V8.0 Analog
V2.5 Logic
POR, Over-voltage
Under-voltage
LOGIC CONTROL
Oscillator
Bandgap
Bias
~15µA
VDD
~15µA
SPI
INTERFACE
V2.5
OUT0
OUT1
OUT2
OUT3
Outputs 0 to 3
SO
Gate Control
DIN0
VOC1
75µA
~50µA
PARALLEL
CONTROL
Current Limit
Temperature Limit
Short/Open
DIN1
+
–
~50µA
lLimit
Exposed
Pad
PWM
CONTROLLER
DIN2
RS
~50µA
DIN3
~50µA
NOMI,MAXI
DAC
SPARK DURATION
+
–
SPI
+
–
SPI
FB0
FB1
FB2
FB3
GIN0
+
VPWR −
SPARK
DAC
GIN1
100µA
VLVC
Open Secondary
~50µA
VOC
GPGD
Only
~50µA
Low V
Clamp
GATE DRIVE
CONTROL
GIN2
GPGD
Clamp
~50µA
GD0
GD1
GD2
GD3
GIN3
~50µA
VDD
NOMI
+
–
DAC
+
–
DAC
~50µA
SPKDUR
MAXI
RSP
RSN
NOMI
MAXI
Exposed Pad
GND
Figure 2. 33810 Simplified Internal Block Diagram
33810
2
Analog Integrated Circuit Device Data
Freescale Semiconductor
PIN CONNECTIONS
PIN CONNECTIONS
OUT0
FB0
GD0
CS
SCLK
SI
SO
VDD
OUTEN
DIN0
DIN1
DIN2
DIN3
GD1
FB1
OUT1
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
GND
32
31
30
29
28
27
26
25
24
23
22
21
20
19
18
17
OUT2
FB2
GD2
MAXI
NOMI
RSN
RSP
VPWR
GIN0
GIN1
GIN2
GIN3
SPKDUR
GD3
FB3
OUT3
Figure 3. 33810 Pin Connections
Table 1. 33810 Pin Definitions
A functional description of each pin can be found in the Functional Pin Description section beginning on page 13.
Pin Number
Pin Name
Pin Function
Formal Name
Definition
8
VDD
Input
Digital Logic Supply
Voltage
The VDD input supply voltage determines the interface voltage levels
between the device and the MCU, and is used to supply power to the
Serial Out buffer (SO), SPKDUR buffer, MAXI, NOMI, and pull-up current
source for the Chip Select (CS).
6
SI
Input
Serial Input Data
The SI input pin is used to receive serial data from the MCU.
5
SCLK
Input
Serial Clock Input
The SCLK input pin is used to clock in and out the serial data on the SI
and SO pins, while being addressed by the CS.
4
CS
Input
Chip Select
The Chip Select input pin is an active low signal sent by the MCU to
indicate that the device is being addressed. This input requires CMOS
logic levels and has an internal active pull-up current source.
7
SO
Output
Serial Output Data
The SO output pin is used to transmit serial data from the device to the
MCU.
10, 11, 12, 13 DIN0,DIN1,
DIN2,DIN3
Input
Driver Input 0, Driver
Input 1, Driver Input 2,
Driver Input 3
Active HIGH input control for injector outputs OUT0 - 3. The parallel input
data is logically OR’d with the corresponding SPI input data register
contents.
24, 23, 22, 21 GIN0,GIN1,
GIN2,GIN3
Input
Gate Driver Input 0
Gate Driver Input 1
Gate Driver Input 2
Gate Driver Input 3
These pins are the active HIGH input control for IGBT/General Purpose
Gate Driver outputs 0 - 3. The parallel input data is logically OR'd with the
corresponding SPI input data register contents in General Purpose Mode
Only.
Spark Duration Output This pin is the Spark Duration Output. This open drain output is low while
feedback inputs FB0 through FB3 are above the programmed spark
detection threshold.
20
SPKDUR
Output
25
VPWR
Input
Exposed Pad
GND
Ground
Ground
OUTEN
Input
Output Enable
Analog Supply Voltage VPWR is the main voltage input for all internal analog bias circuitry.
(bottom of
package)
9
This exposed pad is the only ground reference for analog, digital and
power ground connections.
The Output Enable pin (OUTEN) is an active low input. When the OUTEN
pin is low, the device outputs are active. The outputs are disabled when
OUTEN is high.
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Analog Integrated Circuit Device Data
Freescale Semiconductor
3
PIN CONNECTIONS
Table 1. 33810 Pin Definitions (continued)
A functional description of each pin can be found in the Functional Pin Description section beginning on page 13.
Pin Number
Pin Name
Pin Function
Formal Name
Definition
29
MAXI
Output
Maximum Ignition Coil
Current
This pin is the Maximum Ignition Coil Current output flag. This output is
asserted when the IGBT Collector-Emitter current exceeds the selected
level of the DAC. This signal also latches off the gate pre-drive outputs
when configured as a General Purpose Gate pre-Driver. The MAXI
current level is determined by the voltage drop across an external sense
resistor connected to pins RSP and RSN.
28
NOMI
Output
Nominal Ignition Coil
Current
2, 15, 31, 18
FB0 - FB3
Input
Feedback Voltage
Sense
In IGBT ignition gate pre-driver mode, these feedback inputs monitor the
IGBT's collector voltage to provide the spark duration timer control signal.
3, 14, 30,19
GD0 -GD3
Output
Gate Drive Output
IGBT/General Purpose Gate pre-driver outputs are controlled by GIN0 GIN3. Pull-up and pull-down current sources are used to provide a
controlled slew rate to an external IGBT or MOSFET connected as a low
side driver.
26
RSP
Input
Resistor Sense
Positive
This pin is the Positive input of a current sense amplifier.
27
RSN
Input
Resistor Sense
Negative
This pin is the Negative input of a current sense amplifier.
Output
Low Side Injector
Driver Output
1, 16, 32, 17 OUT0 -OUT3
This pin is the Nominal Ignition Coil Current output flag. This output is
asserted when the IGBT Collector-Emitter current exceeds the level
selected by the DAC.
These pin are the Open drain low side injector driver outputs.
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Analog Integrated Circuit Device Data
Freescale Semiconductor
ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS
MAXIMUM RATINGS
ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS
MAXIMUM RATINGS
Table 2. Maximum Ratings
All voltages are with respect to ground unless otherwise noted.
Ratings
Symbol
Value
Unit
VPWR
-1.5 to 45
VDC
VDD
-0.3 to 7.0
VDC
VIL
-0.3 to VDD
VDC
VFB
-1.5 to 60
VDC
VOUTX
-1.5 to 60
VDC
VGDx
-0.3 to 10
VDC
ECLAMP
100
mJ
ECLAMP
100
mJ
IOSSSS
2.0
A
Maximum Voltage for RSN and RSP inputs
VRSX
-0.3 - VDD
VDC
Frequency of SPI Operation (VDD = 5.0V)
–
6.0
MHz
VESD1
VESD2
VESD3
±2000
±200
±750
Ambient
TA
-40 to 125
Junction2
TJ
-40 to 150
Case
TC
-40 to 125
TSTG
-55 to 150
°C
PD
1.7
W
ELECTRICAL RATINGS
VPWR Supply Voltage(1)
VDD Supply
Voltage(1)
SPI Interface and Logic Input Voltage (CS, SI, SO, SCLK, OUTEN,
DIN0 - DIN3, GIN0 - GIN3, SPKDUR, NOMI, MAXI, RSP,RSN)
IGBT/General Purpose Gate Pre-driver Drain Voltage (VFB0 to VFB3)
Injector Output Voltage (OUTx)
General Purpose Gate Pre-driver Output Voltage (GDx)
Output Clamp Energy (OUT0 to OUT3)(Single Pulse)
VIH
TJUNCTION = 150°C, IOUT = 1.5A
Output Clamp Energy (OUT0 to OUT3)(Continuous Pulse)
TJUNCTION = 125°C, IOUT = 1.0A (Max Injector frequency is 70Hz)
Output Continuous Current (OUT0 to OUT3)
TJUNCTION = 150°C
ESD Voltage
(2), (3)
Human Body Model (HBM)
Machine Model (MM)
Charge Device Model (CDM)
V
THERMAL RATINGS
°C
Operating Temperature
Storage Temperature
Power Dissipation (TA = 25°C)
Peak Package flow Temperature During Solder Mounting
°C
TSOLDER
DWB Suffix
240
EW Suffix
245
Thermal Resistance
Junction-to-Ambient
Junction- to-Lead
Junction-to-Flag
°C/W
RθJA
RθJL
RθJC
75
8.0
1.2
Notes
1. Exceeding these limits may cause malfunction or permanent damage to the device.
2. ESD data available upon request.
3. ESD testing is performed in accordance with the Human Body Model (HBM) (AEC-Q100-002), the Machine Model (MM) (AEC-Q100003), and the Charge Device Model (CDM), Robotic (AEC-Q100-011).
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Analog Integrated Circuit Device Data
Freescale Semiconductor
5
ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS
STATIC ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS
STATIC ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS
Table 3. Static Electrical Characteristics
Characteristics noted under conditions of 3.0V ≤ VDD ≤ 5.5V, 9.0V ≤ VPWR ≤ 18V, -40°C ≤ TC ≤ 125°C, and calibrated timers,
unless otherwise noted. Where typical values reflect the parameter’s approx. average value with VPWR = 13V, TA = 25°C.
Characteristic
Symbol
Min
Typ
Max
Unit
VPWR (FO)
4.5
9.0
–
36
18
V
POWER INPUT (VDD, VPWR)
Supply Voltage(4)
Fully Operational
Full Parameter Specification
Supply Current
IVPWR (ON)
All Outputs Disabled (Normal Mode)
mA
–
Sleep State Supply Current (Must have VDD ≤ 0.8V for sleep state),
10.0
14.0
µA
IVPWR (SS)
VPWR = 18V
–
15
30
VPWR(OV)
36.5
39
42
V
VPWR(OV-HYS)
0.5
1.5
3.0
V
VPWR(UV)
3.0
4.0
4.4
V
VPWR(UV-HYS)
100
200
300
mV
VPWR(LOV)
5.3
–
8.99
V
VDD Supply Voltage
VDD
3.0
–
5.5
V
VDD Supply Current
IVDD
–
–
1.0
0.8
2.5
2.8
–
–
0.3
–
0.2
–
–
–
–
3.0
–
6.0
A
2.0
2.5
3.0
V
40
75
100
VPWR Over-voltage Shutdown Threshold Voltage(5)
VPWR Over-voltage Shutdown Hysteresis Voltage
VPWR Under-voltage Shutdown Threshold Voltage
(6)
VPWR Under-voltage Shutdown Hysteresis Voltage
VPWR Low Operating Voltage (Low-voltage reported via the SPI)(7)
Static Condition and does not include VDD current out of device
VDD Supply Under-voltage (Sleep State) Threshold Voltage(8)
VDD(UV)
mA
V
INJECTOR DRIVER OUTPUTS (OUT 0:3)
Drain-to-Source ON Resistance
IOUT = 1.0A, TJ = 125°C, VPWR = 13V
IOUT = 1.0A, TJ = 25°C, VPWR = 13V
IOUT = 1.0A, TJ = -40°C, VPWR = 13V
Output Self Limiting Current
Output Fault Detection Voltage
IOUT (LIM)
Threshold(9)
Ω
RDS (ON)
VOUT(FLT-TH)
Outputs Programmed OFF (Open Load)
Outputs Programmed ON (Short to Battery)
Output OFF Open Load Detection Current
Output ON Open Load Detection Current
Current less then specification value considered open
µA
I(OFF)OCO
VDRAIN = 18V, Outputs Programmed OFF
I(ON)OCO
mA
20
100
200
Notes
4. These parameters are guaranteed by design, but not production tested. Fully operational means driver outputs will toggle as expected
with input toggling. SPI is guaranteed to be operational when VPWR > 4.5V. SPI may not report correctly when VPWR < 4.5V.
5. Over-voltage thresholds minimum and maximum include hysteresis.
6. Under-voltage thresholds minimum and maximum include hysteresis.
7. Device is functional provided TJ is less than 150°C. Some table parameters may be out of specification.
8.
9.
Device in Sleep State, returns from sleep state with power on reset.
Output fault detection thresholds with outputs programmed OFF. Output fault detect thresholds are the same for output open and shorts.
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Analog Integrated Circuit Device Data
Freescale Semiconductor
ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS
STATIC ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS
Table 3. Static Electrical Characteristics
Characteristics noted under conditions of 3.0V ≤ VDD ≤ 5.5V, 9.0V ≤ VPWR ≤ 18V, -40°C ≤ TC ≤ 125°C, and calibrated timers,
unless otherwise noted. Where typical values reflect the parameter’s approx. average value with VPWR = 13V, TA = 25°C.
Characteristic
Symbol
Min
Typ
Max
Unit
INJECTOR DRIVER OUTPUTS (OUT 0:3) (Continued)
Output Clamp Voltage 1
VOC1
ID = 20mA
Output Leakage Current
V
48
53
58
–
–
–
–
–
–
20
3000
10
TLIM
155
–
185
°C
TLIM (HYS)
5.0
10
15
°C
V GS (ON)
V GS (OFF)
5
0
7.0
0.375
9.0
0.5
V
R GS (PULLDOW
100
200
300
KΩ
µA
IOUT (LKG)
VDD = 5.0V, VDRAIN = 24V, Open Load Detection Current Disabled
VDD = 5.0V, VDRAIN = VOC - 1.0V, Open Load Detection Current Disabled
VDD = 0V, VDRAIN = 24V, Sleep State
Over-temperature Shutdown(10)
Over-temperature Shutdown Hysteresis(10)
IGNITION (IGBT) GATE DRIVER PARAMETERS (GD 0:3 FB0:3)
Gate Drive Output Voltage
IGD = 500µA
IGD = -500µA
Sleep Mode Gate to Source Resistor
N)
Sleep Mode FBx pin Leakage Current
µA
IFBX (LKG)
VDD = 0V, VFBx = 24V,
–
Feedback Sense Current (FBx Input Current)
–
1.0
µA
IFBX(FLT-SNS)
FBx = 18V, Outputs Programmed OFF
1.0
Gate Drive Source Current (1 ≤ VGD ≤ 3)
Gate Drive Turn Off Resistance
I GATEDRIVE
685
780
875
µA
Ω
RDS(ON)
500
–
1000
VPWR
+9.0
VPWR
+11
VPWR + 13
18
21
24
2.0
4.9
7.4
9.9
2.75
5.5
8.2
11.00
3.5
6.1
9.1
12.1
11.5
–
15.5
–
4.0
SOFT SHUTDOWN FUNCTION (VOLTAGES REFERENCED TO IGBT COLLECTOR)
Low Voltage Flyback Clamp
Driver Command Off, Soft Shutdown Enabled, GDx = 2.0V
VLVC
Spark Duration Comparator Threshold (referenced to IC Ground Tab)
VTH-RISE
Rising Edge Relative to VPWR
Spark Duration Comparator Threshold (referenced to IC Ground Tab)(11)
VTH-FALL
Falling Edge Relative to VPWR, Default = 5.5V Assuming ideal external 10:1
voltage divider. Voltage measured at high end of divider, not at pin. Tolerance
of divider not included
Open Secondary Comparator Threshold (referenced from primary to
V
VTH-RISE
Rising Edge Relative to GND. No hysteresis with 10:1 voltage divider.
V
V
V
CURRENT SENSE COMPARATOR (RSP, RSN)
NOMI Trip Threshold Accuracy - Steady State Condition
3.0A across 0.02Ω (RSP - RSN = 60mV)
10.75A across 0.04Ω (RSP - RSN = 430mV)
NOMITRIPTA
%
-4.0
Notes
10. This parameter is guaranteed by design, however is not production tested.
11. Assuming Ideal external 10:1 Voltage Divider. Tolerance of 10:1 Voltage Divider is not included. Voltage is measured on the High End of
Divider - not at the pin. 10:1 N.3.A 10:1 Voltage Divider is produced using two resistors with a 9:1 resistance ratio by the basic formula:
VOUT
R1
------------------ = ---------------------VIN
R1 + R2
Where R2 = 9XR1
33810
Analog Integrated Circuit Device Data
Freescale Semiconductor
7
ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS
STATIC ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS
Table 3. Static Electrical Characteristics
Characteristics noted under conditions of 3.0V ≤ VDD ≤ 5.5V, 9.0V ≤ VPWR ≤ 18V, -40°C ≤ TC ≤ 125°C, and calibrated timers,
unless otherwise noted. Where typical values reflect the parameter’s approx. average value with VPWR = 13V, TA = 25°C.
Characteristic
Symbol
Min
Typ
Max
Unit
7.5
%
–
+15
%
–
50
µA
% of VT
CURRENT SENSE COMPARATOR (RSP, RSN) (CONTINUED)
MAXI Trip Threshold Accuracy
Steady State Condition
6.0A across 0.02Ω (RSP - RSN = 120mV)
21A across 0.04Ω (RSP - RSN = 840mV)
MAXI Trip Point During Overlapping Dwell
Input Bias Current
RSP and RSN
MAXITRIPTA
–
-7.5
MAXITRIPOD
-15
IBIASRSX
-50
Comparator Hysteresis Voltage
NOMI
MAXI
Input Voltage Range (Maximum voltage between RSN and RSP)
Ground Offset Voltage Range
NOMIHYS
MAXIIHYS
40
–
60
40
–
60
VCMVRCMVR
0.0
–
2.0
V
VGNDOVR
-0.3
–
0.3
V
IGD
1.0
2.0
5
mA
V GS (ON)
V GS (OFF)
5.0
7.0
9.0
V
0.0
0.2
0.5
V
Maximum offset between RSN pin and IC Ground (Exposed Pad)
GENERAL PURPOSE GATE DRIVER PARAMETERS (GD 0:3)
Gate Drive Sink and Source Current
Gate Drive Output Voltage
IGD = 1mA
IGD = -1mA
Short to Battery Fault Detection Voltage Threshold
VDS(FLT-TH)
VDD = 5.0V, Outputs Programmed ON
Programmable from 0.5V to 3.0V in 0.5V increments. (Table 14)
Open Fault Detection Voltage Threshold (referenced to IC ground tab)
V
2.0
2.5
3.0
40
75
100
48
53
58
µA
IFBX(FLT-SNS)
FBx = 18V, Outputs Programmed OFF
Output Clamp Voltage
+20%
VDS(FLT-TH)
VDD = 5.0V, Outputs Programmed OFF
Output OFF Open Load Detection Current
V
-20%
VOC
Driver Command Off, Clamp Enabled, VGATE = 2.0V
V
DIGITAL INTERFACE
Input Logic High-voltage Thresholds
VIH
0.7 x VDD
–
VDD + 0.3
V
Input Logic Low-voltage Thresholds
VIL
GND - 0.3
–
0.2 x VDD
V
VHYS
100
–
300
mV
CIN
–
–
20
Input Logic-voltage Hysteresis
Input Logic Capacitance
Sleep Mode Input Logic Current
VDD = 0V
-10
–
10
30
50
100
5.0
15
25
-30
-50
-100
µA
Input Logic Pull-down Current
0.8V to 5.0V (DINX and GINX)
Input Logic Pull-down Current
ILOGIC_PD
OUT_EN = 0.0V, VDD = 5.0V
µA
ISI_PD
0.8V to 5.0V (SI)
Input Logic Pull-up Current on OUT_EN
pF
µA
I LOGIC_SS
µA
IOUT_EN_PU
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Analog Integrated Circuit Device Data
Freescale Semiconductor
ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS
STATIC ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS
Table 3. Static Electrical Characteristics
Characteristics noted under conditions of 3.0V ≤ VDD ≤ 5.5V, 9.0V ≤ VPWR ≤ 18V, -40°C ≤ TC ≤ 125°C, and calibrated timers,
unless otherwise noted. Where typical values reflect the parameter’s approx. average value with VPWR = 13V, TA = 25°C.
Characteristic
Symbol
Min
Typ
Max
Unit
DIGITAL INTERFACE (CONTINUED)
OUT_EN Leakage Current to VDD
SCLK Pull-down Current
SO High State Output Voltage
CSO
NOMI, MAXI High State Output Voltage
INOMI-LOW = 250µA
IMAXI-LOW = 250µA
10
µA
-10
–
10
-30
-50
-100
–
–
50
–
20
–
VDD - 0.4
–
–
–
–
0.4
30
70
100
–
–
0.4
30
50
100
µA
µA
ISPKDUR_PV
pF
V
V
µA
VSPKDUR_LO
V
VI_HIGH
INOMI-HIGH = -1.0mA
IMAXI-HIGH = -1.0mA
NOMI, MAXI Low State Output Voltage
–
IPD
ISPKDUR = 1.0mA
Output Pull-up Current for SPKDUR
µA
VSO_LOW
NOMI, MAXI = 0.8V, VDD = 5.0V
SPKDUR Output Voltage
µA
VSO_HIGH
ISO-LOW = 1.0mA
NOMI, MAXI in V10 Mode Pull-down Current
25
ICS(LKG)
ISO-HIGH = -1.0mA
SO Low State Output Voltage
15
ICS_PU
CS = 5.0V, VDD = 0V
SO Input Capacitance in Tri-state Mode
5
-10
CS = 0V
CS Leakage Current to VDD
50
ICS
CS = VDD
CS Pull-up Current
–
I TRISO
0V to 5.0V
CS Input Current
–
I SCLK
VSCLK = VDD
Tri-state SO Output
µA
IOUT_EN(LKG)
OUT_EN = 5.0V, VDD = 0V
µA
V
VDD - 0.4
–
–
VI_LOW
V
–
–
0.4
33810
Analog Integrated Circuit Device Data
Freescale Semiconductor
9
ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS
DYNAMIC ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS
DYNAMIC ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS
Table 4. Dynamic Electrical Characteristics
Characteristics noted under conditions of 3.0V ≤ VDD ≤ 5.5V, 9.0V ≤ VPWR ≤ 18V, -40°C ≤ TC ≤ 125°C, and calibrated timers,
unless otherwise noted. Where applicable, typical values reflect the parameter’s approximate average value with VPWR = 13V,
TA = 25°C.
Characteristic
Symbol
Min
Typ
Max
Unit
1.0
–
–
1.0
–
–
tSC
30
60
90
µs
t(ON)OC
3.0
7.5
12
ms
10
15
ms
400
µs
POWER INPUT
Required Low State Duration on VPWR for Under-voltage Detect
Required Low State Duration on VDD for Power On Reset
µs
tUV
VPWR ≤ 0.2V
µs
t RESET
VDD ≤ 0.2V
INJECTOR DRIVERS
Output ON Current Limit Fault Filter Timer (Short to Battery Fault)
Output ON Open Circuit Fault Filter Timer
Output Retry Timer
tREF
–
Output OFF Open Circuit Fault Filter Timer
t(OFF)OC
100
Output Slew Rate (No faster than 1.5µs from off to on and on to off)
t SR(RISE)
RLOAD = 14Ω, VLOAD = 14V
V/µs
1.0
Output Slew Rate
5.0
10
t SR(FALL)
RLOAD = 14Ω, VLOAD = 14V
V/µs
1.0
Propagation Delay (Input Rising Edge OR CS to Output Falling Edge)
5.0
10
tPHL
1.0
5.0
µs
tPLH
1.0
5.0
µs
tPLH
0.2
1.0
µs
tPHL
0.2
1.0
µs
Input @ 50%VDD to Output voltage 90% of VLOAD
Propagation Delay (Input Falling Edge OR CS to Output Rising Edge)
Input @ 50%VDD to Output voltage 10% of VLOAD
IGNITION & GENERAL PURPOSE GATE DRIVER PARAMETERS
Propagation Delay (GINx Input Rising Edge OR CS to Output Rising Edge)
Input @ 50%VDD to Output voltage 10% of V GS (ON)
Propagation Delay (Input Falling Edge OR CS to Output Falling Edge)
Input @ 50%VDD to Output voltage 90% of V GS (ON)
IGNITION PARAMETERS
Open Secondary Fault Timer accuracy (uncalibrated)
-35
–
35
%
Maximum Dwell Timer Accuracy (uncalibrated)
-35
–
35
%
(12)
-35
–
35
%
End of Spark Filter Accuracy (uncalibrated)
Notes
12. This parameter is guaranteed by design, however it is not production tested.
33810
10
Analog Integrated Circuit Device Data
Freescale Semiconductor
ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS
DYNAMIC ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS
Table 4. Dynamic Electrical Characteristics (continued)
Characteristics noted under conditions of 3.0V ≤ VDD ≤ 5.5V, 9.0V ≤ VPWR ≤ 18V, -40°C ≤ TC ≤ 125°C, and calibrated timers,
unless otherwise noted. Where applicable, typical values reflect the parameter’s approximate average value with VPWR = 13V,
TA = 25°C.
Characteristic
Symbol
Min
Typ
Max
Unit
GENERAL PURPOSE GATE DRIVER PARAMETERS
Short to Battery Fault Detection Filter Timer Accuracy
VDS(flt-th)
%
VDD = High, Outputs Programmed ON
Programmable from 30µs to 960µs in replicating increments
Tolerance of timer after using calibration command
-10
+10
Tolerance of timer before using calibration command
-35
+35
Output OFF Open Circuit Fault Filter Timer
t(OFF)OC
µs
VDD = 5.0V, Outputs Off
Tolerance of timer before using calibration command
100
400
PWM Frequency 10Hz to 1.28kHz Tolerance after using calibration
command
PWMFREQ
-10%
10%
PWM Frequency 10Hz to 1.28kHz Tolerance before using calibration
command
PWMFREQ
-35%
35%
Gate Driver Short Fault Duty Cycle
SPI DIGITAL INTERFACE
GDSHRT_DC
1.0
3.0
%
TIMING(13)
Falling Edge of CS to Rising Edge of SCLK
t LEAD
Required Setup Time
ns
100
–
–
50
–
–
16
–
–
20
–
–
t R (SI)
–
5.0
–
ns
t F (SI)
–
5.0
–
ns
t SO (EN)
–
–
55
ns
t SO (DIS)
–
–
55
ns
t VALID
–
25
55
ns
tSTR
1.0
–
–
µs
Calibrated Timer Accuracy
t TIMER
–
–
10
%
Un-calibrated Timer Accuracy
t TIMER
–
–
35
%
Falling Edge of SCLK to Rising Edge of CS
t LAG
Required Setup Time
SI to Rising Edge of SCLK
t SI (SU)
Required Setup Time
Rising Edge of SCLK to SI
SI, CS, SCLK Signal Rise Time(14)
Time(15)
Time from Falling Edge of CS Low-impedance
(16)
Time from Rising Edge off CS to SO High-impedance
Time from Falling Edge of SCLK to SO Data Valid
Sequential Transfer Rate
ns
t SI (HOLD)
Required Hold Time
SI, CS, SCLK Signal Fall
ns
(18)
(17)
ns
Time required between data transfers
DIGITAL INTERFACE
Notes
13.
14.
15.
16.
17.
18.
These parameters are guaranteed by design. Production test equipment uses 1MHz, 5.0V SPI interface.
This parameter is guaranteed by design, however it is not production tested.
Rise and Fall time of incoming SI, CS and SCLK signals suggested for design consideration to prevent the occurrence of double pulsing.
Time required for valid output status data to be available on SO pin.
Time required for output states data to be terminated at SO pin.
Time required to obtain valid data out from SO following the fall of SCLK with 200pF load.
33810
Analog Integrated Circuit Device Data
Freescale Semiconductor
11
ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS
TIMING DIAGRAMS
TIMING DIAGRAMS
CS
0.2 VDD
tLAG
tLEAD
0.7 VDD
0.2 VDD
SCLK
tSI(SU)
SI
0.7 VDD
0.2 VDD
tSI(HOLD)
MSB IN
tSO(EN)
SO
0.7 VDD
0.2 VDD
tVALID
MSB OUT
tSO(DIS)
LSB OUT
33810
12
Analog Integrated Circuit Device Data
Freescale Semiconductor
FUNCTIONAL DESCRIPTION
FUNCTIONAL PIN DESCRIPTION
FUNCTIONAL DESCRIPTION
FUNCTIONAL PIN DESCRIPTION
ANALOG SUPPLY VOLTAGE (VPWR)
SERIAL INPUT DATA (SI)
The VPWR pin is the battery input to the 33810 IC. The
VPWR pin requires external reverse battery and transient
protection. All IC analog current and internal logic current is
provided from the VPWR pin. With VDD applied to the IC, the
application of VPWR will perform a POR.
The SI pin is used for serial instruction data input. SI
information is latched into the input register on the rising edge
of SCLK. A logic high state present on SI will program a one
in the command word on the rising edge of the CS signal. To
program a complete word, 16 bits of information or multiples
of 8 there of must be entered into the device.
DIGITAL LOGIC SUPPLY VOLTAGE (VDD)
The VDD input pin is used to determine communication
logic levels between the microprocessor and the 33810 IC.
Current from VDD is used to drive SO output and the pull-up
current for CS. VDD must be applied for normal mode
operation. Removing VDD from the IC will place the device in
sleep mode. With VPWR applied to the IC, the application of
VDD will perform a POR.
GROUND (GND)
The bottom pad or FLAG provides the only ground
connection for the IC. The VPWR and VDD supplies are both
referenced to the GND pad. The GND pad is used for both
de-coupling the power supplies as well as power ground for
the output drivers. Although the silicon die is epoxy attached
to the top side of the pad, the pad must be grounded for
proper electrical operation.
SERIAL CLOCK INPUT (SCLK)
The system clock (SCLK) pin clocks the internal shift
register of the 33810. The SI data is latched into the input
shift register on the rising edge of SCLK signal. The SO pin
shifts status bits out on the falling edge of SCLK. The SO data
is available for the MCU to read on the rising edge of SCLK.
With CS in a logic high state, signals on the SCLK and SI pins
will be ignored and the SO pin is tri-state
CHIP SELECT (CS)
The system MCU selects the 33810 to receive
communication using the chip select (CS) pin. With the CS in
a logic low state, command words may be sent to the 33810
via the serial input (SI) pin, and status information is received
by the MCU via the serial output (SO) pin. The falling edge of
CS enables the SO output and transfers status information
into the SO buffer.
Rising edge of the CS initiates the following operation:
Disables the SO driver (high-impedance)
Activates the received command word, allowing the 33810
to activate/deactivate output drivers.
To avoid any spurious data, it is essential that the high-tolow and low-to-high transitions of the CS signal occur only
when SCLK is in a logic low state. Internal to the 33810
device is an active pull-up to VDD on CS.
SERIAL OUTPUT DATA (SO)
The SO pin is the output from the shift register. The SO pin
remains tri-stated until the CS pin transitions to a logic low
state. All normal operating drivers are reported as zero, all
faulted drivers are reported as one. The negative transition of
CS enables the SO driver.
The SI / SO shifting of the data follows a first-in-first-out
protocol, with both input and output words transferring the
most significant bit (MSB) first.
OUTPUT ENABLE (OUTEN)
The OUTEN pin is an active low input. When the OUTEN
pin is low, all the device outputs are active. The outputs are
all disabled when OUTEN pin is high. SPI and parallel
communications are still active in either state of OUTEN.
FEEDBACK VOLTAGE SENSOR (FB0-FB3)
The FBx pin has multiple functions for control and
diagnostics of the external MOSFET/IGBT Ignition gate
driver.
In Ignition (IGBT) Gate Driver Mode, the feedback inputs
monitor the IGBT's collector voltage to provide the spark
duration timer control signal. The spark duration timer
monitors this input to determine if the secondary clamp
function should be activated. In secondary clamp mode, the
IGBT's collector voltage is internally clamped to VPWR+11V.
In the General Purpose Gate Driver mode, this input
monitors the drain of an external MOSFET to provide shortcircuit and open circuit detection by monitoring the
MOSFET's drain to source voltage. The filter timer and
threshold voltage are easily programmed through SPI (See
tables 18 and 19 for SPI messages).
In General Purpose Gate Driver mode the FBx pin also
provides a drain to gate clamp for fast turn off of inductive
loads and external MOSFET protection.
GATE DRIVER OUTPUT (GD0-GD3)
The GDX pins are the gate drive outputs for an external
MOSFET or IGBT. Internal to the device is a Gate to Source
resistor designed to hold the external device in the OFF state
while the device is in the POR or SLEEP state.
33810
Analog Integrated Circuit Device Data
Freescale Semiconductor
13
FUNCTIONAL DESCRIPTION
FUNCTIONAL PIN DESCRIPTION
LOW SIDE INJECTOR DRIVER OUTPUT (OUT0 OUT3)
OUT0 - OUT3 are the Open drain low side (Injector) driver
outputs. The drain voltage is actively clamped during turn off
of inductive loads. These outputs can be connected in
parallel for higher current loads provided the turn off energy
rating is not exceeded.
SPARK DURATION OUTPUT (SPKDUR)
SPKDUR is the Spark Duration output. This open drain
output is low while feedback inputs FB0 through FB3 are
above the programmed spark detection threshold. This
output indicates an ignition flyback event. Each feedback
input (FB0 - FB3) is logically OR'd to drive the SPKDUR
output. There is a 50µA pull up current source connected
internally to the SPKDUR pin.
RESISTOR SENSE POSITIVE (RSP)
Resistor Sense Positive - Positive input of a current sense
amplifier. The ignition coil current is monitored by sensing the
voltage across an external resistor connected between RSP
and RSN. The output of the current sense amplifier feeds the
inputs of the NOMI and MAXI comparators.
Note: RSN and RSP must be grounded in V10 mode.
RESISTOR SENSE NEGATIVE (RSN)
Resistor Sense Negative - Negative input of a current
sense amplifier. The ignition coil current is monitored by
sensing the voltage across an external resistor connected to
RSP and RSN. The output of the current sense amplifier
feeds the inputs of the NOMI and MAXI comparators.
Note: RSN and RSP must be grounded in V10 mode.
NOMINAL IGNITION COIL CURRENT (NOMI)
Nominal ignition coil current output flag. This output is
asserted when the output current exceeds the level selected
by the DAC.
NOMI can be configured as an input pin for V10 mode
applications where the gate drive needs to be latched off by
another device’s MAXI current sense amplifier output. The
NOMI input will latch off gate drivers 5 and 6 when configured
as a V10 mode ignition gate driver See Figure 10.
MAXIMUM IGNITION COIL CURRENT (MAXI)
Maximum ignition coil current output flag. This output is
asserted when the output ignition coil current exceeds the
selected level of the DAC. This signal also latches off the gate
drive outputs when configured as an ignition gate driver. The
MAXI current level is determined by the voltage drop across
an external sense resistor connected to pins RSP and RSN.
MAXI can be configured as an input pin for V10
applications where the gate drive needs to be latched off by
another devices MAXI current sense amplifier output. The
MAXI input will latch off gate drivers 7 and 8 when configured
as ignition gate drive outputs See Figure 10.
DRIVER INPUT (DIN0-DIN3), GATE DRIVER INPUT
(GIN0-GIN3)
Parallel input pins for OUT0-OUT3 low side drivers and
GD0-GD3 gate drivers. Each parallel input control pin is
active high and has an internal pull-down current sink. The
parallel input data is logically OR’d with the corresponding
SPI input data register contents, except for the ignition mode
IGBT drivers. They are only controlled by the parallel inputs
GIN0-GIN3. In GPGD mode, GIN0-GIN3 are logically OR’d
with SPI input data. All outputs are disabled when the
OUTEN pin is HIGH, regardless of the state of the command
inputs.
33810
14
Analog Integrated Circuit Device Data
Freescale Semiconductor
FUNCTIONAL DESCRIPTION
FUNCTIONAL INTERNAL BLOCK DESCRIPTION
FUNCTIONAL INTERNAL BLOCK DESCRIPTION
Figure 4. Functional Internal Block Diagram
POWER SUPPLY/POR
The 33810 is designed to operate from 4.5V to 36V on the
VPWR pin. The VPWR pin supplies power to all internal
regulators, analog, and logic circuit blocks. The VDD supply
is used for setting communication threshold levels and
supplying power to the SO driver. This IC architecture
provides a low quiescent current sleep mode. Applying
VPWR and VDD to the device will generate a Power On
Reset (POR) and place the device in the Normal State. The
Power On Reset circuit incorporates a timer to prevent high
frequency transients from causing a POR.
with the corresponding SPI input data register contents. All
outputs are disabled when the OUTEN pin is HIGH,
regardless of the state of the command inputs.
INJECTOR DRIVERS: OUT0 – OUT3
These pins are the Open drain low side (Injector) driver
outputs. The drain voltage is actively clamped during turn off
of inductive loads. These outputs can be connected in
parallel for higher current loads, provided the turn off energy
rating is not exceeded.
IGNITION GATE PRE-DRIVERS: GD0 – GD3
MCU INTERFACE AND OUTPUT CONTROL
This component provides parallel input pins for OUT0OUT3 low side drivers and GD0-GD3 gate drivers. Each
parallel input control pin is active high and has an internal
pulldown current sink. The parallel input data is logically OR’d
These pins are the gate drive outputs for an external
MOSFET or IGBT. Internal to the device is a Gate to Source
resistor designed to hold the external device in the OFF state
while the device is in the POR or Sleep State.
33810
Analog Integrated Circuit Device Data
Freescale Semiconductor
15
FUNCTIONAL DEVICE OPERATION
OPERATIONAL MODES
FUNCTIONAL DEVICE OPERATION
OPERATIONAL MODES
POWER SUPPLY
The 33810 is designed to operate from 4.5V to 36V on the
VPWR pin. The VPWR pin supplies power to all internal
regulators, analog and logic circuit blocks. The VDD supply is
used for setting communication threshold levels and
supplying power to the SO driver. This IC architecture
provides flexible microprocessor interfacing and low
quiescent current sleep mode.
POWER-ON RESET (POR)
Applying VPWR and VDD to the device will generate a
Power On Reset (POR) and place the device in the Normal
State. The Power On Reset circuit incorporates a filter to
prevent high frequency transients from causing a POR.
All outputs are disabled when the OUTEN input pin is
HIGH regardless of the SPI control registers or the logic level
on the parallel input pins. With the OUTEN pin high, SPI
messages may be sent and received by the device. Upon
enabling the device (OUTEN low), outputs will be activated
based on the state of the command register or parallel input.
Table 5. Operational States
VDD
OUTEN
OUTPUTS
STATE
L
L
X
OFF
Power
Off
L
H
X
OFF
POR
H
L
X
OFF
SLEEP
X
OFF
POR
X
OFF
POR
H
MODES OF OPERATION
In Normal State, the 33810 gate driver has three modes of
operation, ignition Mode, GPGD (General Purpose Gate
Driver) Mode and V10 mode.The operating mode of each
gate driver may be set individually and is programmed using
the Mode Select Command.
MODE SELECT COMMAND
VPWR
H
Control register settings from a Power-ON Reset (POR)
are as follows:
• All outputs off
• IGNITION gate driver mode enabled (IGBT Ignition Mode).
• PWM frequency and duty cycle control disabled.
• Off State open load detection enabled (LSD)
• MAXI dac set to 14A, NOMI DAC set to 5.5A
• Spark detect level VIL DAC set to VPWR +5.5V
• Open secondary timer set to 100µs
• Dwell timer set 32ms
• Soft shutdown disabled
• Low-voltage flyback clamp disabled
• Dwell overlap MAXI offset disabled
The MODE Select Command is used to set the operating
mode for the GDx gate driver outputs, over/under-voltage
operation and to enable V10 Mode and the PWM generators.
The Mode Select Command programmable features are
listed below.
• Ignition/GPGD Mode select (gate drivers)
• V10 Mode enable
• Over/Under-voltage operation for all drivers
• GPGD PWM controller enable
IGNITION/GPGD MODE SELECT
L
X
OFF
SLEEP
H
H
L
ACTIVE
NORMAL
H
H
H
OFF
NORMAL
SLEEP STATE
Sleep State is entered when the VDD supply voltage is
removed from the VDD pin. In Sleep State all outputs are off.
Applying VDD will force the device to exit the Sleep State and
generates a POR.
NORMAL STATE
The default Normal State is entered when power is applied
to the VPWR and VDD pins.
The Ignition/General Purpose Gate Driver Mode select bits
determine independently, the operating mode of each of the
GDx gate driver outputs. Bits 8,9,10,11 correspond to GD0,
GD1, GD2, GD3 respectively. Setting the bit to a logic 0 sets
the GDx driver to the Ignition Mode. Setting the bit to a logic
1 commands the GDX driver to the General Purpose Mode
and disables the ignition features for that particular gate
driver (except the MAXI current shutdown feature). Further
information on GDx gate driver in Ignition Mode and General
Purpose Mode is provided later in this section of the data
sheet.
V10 MODE ENABLE BIT
The V10 Enable bit allows the user to configure the device
for 10 cylinder applications. When the V10 Mode is enabled,
the device configures the NOMI pin and MAXI pin as digital
inputs rather than outputs. The new MAXI input pin receives
33810
16
Analog Integrated Circuit Device Data
Freescale Semiconductor
FUNCTIONAL DEVICE OPERATION
OPERATIONAL MODES
the MAXI shutdown signal for GD0 and GD2 and the new
NOMI input pin receives the MAXI shutdown signal for GD1
and GD3. Further information on V10 Mode is provided in the
V10 Application section.
Note: RSN and RSP must be grounded in V10 Mode.
OVER/UNDER-VOLTAGE SHUTDOWN/RETRY BIT
The Over/Under-voltage Shutdown/Retry bit allows the
user to select the global over and under-voltage fault strategy
for all the outputs. In an over-voltage or under-voltage
condition on the VPWR pin, all outputs are commanded off.
The Over/Under-voltage control bit sets the operation of the
outputs when returning from over/under- voltage. Setting the
Over/Under-voltage bit to logic [1] will force all outputs to
remain OFF when VPWR returns to normal level. To turn the
output on again, the corresponding input pin or SPI bit must
be reactivated. Setting the Over/Under-voltage bit to logic [0]
will command all outputs to resume their previous state when
VPWR returns to normal level. Table 6 below provides the
output state when returning from over or under-voltage.
Table 6. Over-voltage/Under-voltage Truth Table
GINx DINx
Input Pin
SPI
Bit
Over/
Undervoltage
Control
Bit
X
X
X
1
OFF
X
X
1
0
OFF
0
0
0*
0
OFF
X
1
0*
0
ON
1
X
0*
0
ON
OUTEN
Input pin
State When
Returning From
Over/Under-voltage
* Default Setting
Note: The SPI bit does not control the Gate Driver outputs in
the Ignition Mode, only in the GPGD Mode.
An under-voltage condition on VDD results in the global
shutdown of all outputs and reset of all internal control
registers. The VDD under-voltage threshold is between 0.8V
and 2.8V
PWMX ENABLE BIT
Gate Driver outputs programmed as General Purpose
Gate Drivers may be used as low frequency PWM outputs.
The PWM generators are enabled via bits 0 through 3 in the
Mode Select Command. Bits 0 through 3 correspond to
outputs GD0 through GD3 respectively. Once the frequency
and duty cycle are programmed through the PWM Frequency
& DC command, the PWM output may be turned ON and
OFF through the PWM enable bit. Further information on
PWM control is provided in the General Purpose Gate Driver
Mode section of this data sheet.
IGNITION (IGBT) GATE DRIVER MODE
The MC33810 contains dedicated circuitry necessary for
automotive ignition control systems. Each gate driver may be
individually configured as an Ignition Gate Driver with the
following features:
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
Spark duration signal
Open secondary timer
Soft shutdown control
Low-voltage flyback clamp
Ignition ignition coil current measurement
MAXI output and control
NOMI output
Maximum dwell timer
In the Ignition Mode, several control strategies are in place
to control the IGBT for enhanced system performance.
Information acquired from the FBx pin allows the device to
produce a spark duration signal output (SPKDUR) and detect
open secondary ignition coils. Based on the FBx signal and
Spark Command register settings, the device performs the
appropriate gate control (Low-voltage Flyback Clamp, Soft
Shutdown) and produces the SPKDUR output.
The FBx pin is connected to the collector of the IGBT
through an external 9:1 resistor divider network. The
recommended values for the resistor divider network is 36K
and 4.02K, with the 36K resistor connected from the IGBT
collector to the FBx pin and the 4.02K resistor connected
from the FBx pin to ground.
Additional controls to the gate driver are achieved by
sensing the current through the external IGBT. The Resistor
Sense Positive (RSP) and Resistor Sense Negative (RSN)
inputs are use to measure the voltage across an external
20mΩ or 40mΩ current sense resistor. A gain select bit in the
Spark Command SPI Command messages should be set to
1 (gain of 2) when using a 20mΩ current sense resistor.
When using a 40mΩ current sense resistor, the gain select bit
should be set to 0 (gain of 1 is the default value).
The ignition coil current is compared with the output of the
DACs which have been programmed via the SPI Commands.
The comparison generates the Nominal Current signal
(NOMI) and the Maximum Current signal (MAXI). Both
signals have a low output when the ignition coil current is
below the programmed DAC value and a high output when
the current is above the programmed DAC value.
When the GDx output is shutdown because of the control
strategy, the output may be activated again by toggling the
input control.
SPARK COMMAND
The Spark Command is an ignition mode command used
to program the parameters for the ignition mode features
listed below:
• End spark threshold (EndSparkTh bits)
• Open secondary fault timer (OSFLT bits)
33810
Analog Integrated Circuit Device Data
Freescale Semiconductor
17
FUNCTIONAL DEVICE OPERATION
OPERATIONAL MODES
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
Secondary clamp (secondary clamp bit)
Soft shutdown enable (SoftShutDn bit)
Ignition ignition coil current amplifier gain (Gain Sel bit)
Overlapping dwell disable (Overlap Dwell Disable bit)
Maximum dwell enable (MaxDwellEn bit)
Maximum dwell timer (MaxDwellTimer bits)
End of spark filter timer value
Spark Command address and data bits are listed in
Table 20
NOTE: Gate driver outputs programmed to be General
Purpose Gate Drivers are not affected by the Spark
Commands.
SPARK DURATION SIGNAL
The Spark Duration is defined as the beginning of current
flow to the end of current flow across the spark plug gap.
Because the extremely high-voltage ignition coil secondary
output is difficult to monitor, corresponding lower voltage
signals generated on the ignition coil primary are often used.
The FBx pins monitor the ignition coil primary voltage (IGBT
Collector) through a 10 to 1 voltage divider. When the IGBT
is disabled, the rise in the FBx signal indicates a sparkout
condition is occurring at the spark plug gap.
The device considers the initial thresholds for spark
duration to be VIH = VPWR + 21V for rising edge as measured
on the collector of the IGBT. The spark duration falling edge
reference is programmable via SPI through the End Spark
Threshold bits 0 and 1 (See Table 7).
Figure 5 illustrates a typical ignition event with dwell time
and spark duration indicated.
Figure 5. Ignition Coil Charge and Spark Event
VPWR = 16.0V
Default settings
Begin spark threshold VIH = VPWR + 21V
End spark threshold VIL = VPWR +5.5V
The pulse width of the SPKDUR signal is measured by the
MCU timer/input capture port to determine the actual spark
duration. Spark duration information is then used by the MCU
spark control algorithm to optimize the dwell time.
Table 7. End Spark Threshold
Spark Command
Bit<b1,b0>
End Spark Threshold (VIL)
00
VPWR + 2.75
01
VPWR + 5.5
10
VPWR + 8.2
11
VPWR + 11.0
OPEN SECONDARY TIMER
A fault due to open in the ignition coil secondary circuit can
be determined by waveforms established on the ignition coil
primary during a spark event. The spark event is initiated by
the turn off of the IGBT. The voltage on the collector of the
IGBT rises up to the IGBT’s internal collector to gate clamp
voltage (typically 400 volts). Collector to gate clamp events
normally last 5µs to 50µs. In an open ignition coil secondary
fault condition, the collector to gate clamp event lasts much
longer. The oscilloscope waveform in Figure 6 and Figure 7
compare a normal spark signature with that of an open
secondary fault condition signature.
Figure 6. Normal Spark Event
Ignition Coil Current,
5.0A/div
DWELL Time
SPKDUR~3.0ms
Channel 1: GINx IGBT Gate Drive
Channel 2: IGBT Collector Voltage
Channel 3: IGBT Current @ 5.0A/Div
33810
18
Analog Integrated Circuit Device Data
Freescale Semiconductor
FUNCTIONAL DEVICE OPERATION
OPERATIONAL MODES
Figure 7. Open Secondary Spark Event
The Low-voltage Clamp spreads out the energy
dissipation over a longer period of time, thus allowing the use
of a lower energy rated IGBTs. The internal low-voltage
clamp is connected between the IGBT's collector (through an
external resistor) and the IGBT's gate. The energy stored in
the ignition coil is dissipated by the IGBT, not the internal
clamp. The internal clamp only provides the bias to the IGBT.
Several logical signals are required as inputs to activate
the GDx Low-voltage Clamp feature. The GDx Low-voltage
Clamp feature may be disabled through bit 4 of the Spark
Command message.
Figure 8. Low-voltage Clamp
SPARK DURATION
+
–
SPI
+
–
SPI
FB0
FB1
FB2
FB3
100µA
Open Secondary
VPWR +
−
13V
The Open Secondary timer is initiated on the rising edge
of the ignition coil primary spark signal and terminated on the
falling edge. The rising edge Open Secondary Threshold is
VIH= 135V at primary, no hysteresis. The falling edge Open
Secondary threshold is VIL = 135V.
Collector to gate clamp durations that last longer than the
selected Open Secondary Fault Time interval (Table 8)
indicates a failed spark event. When the Open Secondary
Fault Time is exceeded and the Low-voltage Clamp is
enabled, the GDx output will activate the Low-voltage Clamp
shown in figure 16. The Logic for this Low-voltage Clamp is
defined in Figure 9
53V
SPI input
GATE DRIVE
CONTROL
Low V
Clamp
GPGD
Clamp
GD0
GD1
GD2
GD3
Figure 9. Low-voltage Clamp Logic
OSFLT_En
IGN Mode
Table 8. Open Secondary Timer
Spark Command
Bits<b3,b2>
Open Secondary Fault Timer
OSFLT (µs)
00
10
01
20
10
50
11
100
LOW-VOLTAGE CLAMP
The Low-voltage Clamp is an internal clamp circuit which
biases the IGBT's gate voltage in order to control the collector
to emitter voltage to VPWR+11V. This technique is used to
dissipate the energy stored in the ignition coil over a longer
period of time than if the internal IGBT clamp were used.
In the open secondary fault condition, all of the stored
energy in the ignition coil is dissipated by the IGBT. This fault
condition requires the use of a higher energy rated IGBT than
would otherwise be needed.
Activate
Low-voltage
Clamp
OSFLT
MaxDwell
MaxDwellEn
SoftShutDnEn
IGN Mode
VPWR
OVER-VOLTAGE
OUTEN
SOFT SHUTDOWN ENABLE
The soft shutdown feature is enabled via the SPI by
asserting control bit 5 in the Spark Command message.
When enabled, the following events initiate a soft
shutdown control of the gate driver.
• OUTEN = High (Outputs Disabled)
• Over-voltage on VPWR pin
33810
Analog Integrated Circuit Device Data
Freescale Semiconductor
19
FUNCTIONAL DEVICE OPERATION
OPERATIONAL MODES
• Max dwell time
Soft Shutdown is designed to prevent an ignition spark
while turning off the external IGBT. The Low-voltage Clamp
is activated to provide the mechanism for a soft shutdown.
The Max Dwell gate turn off signal is a logically ANDed
with the Soft Shutdown bit to activate a Low-voltage Active
Clamp (See Figure 9).
Table 10. Maximum Dwell Timer
GAIN SELECT BIT
The ignition coil current comparators are used to compare
the programmed NOMI and MAXI DAC value with voltage
across the external current sense resistor. When selecting a
gain of two, the ignition coil current sense resistor must be
reduced from 40mΩ to 20mΩ.
OVERLAPPING DWELL ENABLE BIT
Overlapping dwell occurs when two or more ignition mode
drivers are commanded ON at the same time. In this
condition, with the Overlapping Dwell Bit enabled the MAXI
DAC threshold value is increased as a percentage of the
nominal programmed value. The percent increase is
determined by bit 5 through bit 7 of the DAC Command.
Table 9. Overlapping Dwell Compensation
DAC Command
Bits<b7,b6,b5>
Overlap Compensation
(%)
000
0%
001
7%
010
15%
011
24%
100
35% (default)
101
47%
110
63%
111
80%
MAXIMUM DWELL ENABLE BIT
Bit 8, the Maximum Dwell Enable bit allows the user to
enable the Maximum Dwell Gate Turnoff Feature. When the
Max Dwell bit is programmed as logic 0 (disabled) the device
will not perform a Low-voltage Clamp due to Max Dwell (See
Figure 9).
MAXIMUM DWELL GATE TURN OFF FEATURE
In automotive ignition systems, dwell time is defined as the
duration of time that an ignition coil is allowed to charge. The
MC33810 starts the measure of time from the gate drive ON
command. If the dwell time is greater than the Max Dwell
Timer setting (Table 10), the offending ignition gate driver is
commanded OFF. The Max Dwell Gate Turn Off Feature may
be disabled via bit 8 of the Spark Command. When the
feature is disabled, the Max Dwell fault bits are always logic
0. The Max Dwell Timer feature pertains to Ignition Mode only
and does not affect gate drivers configured as general
purpose gate drivers.
Spark Command
Bit<b11,b10,b9>
MAX Dwell Timer
MaxDwell (ms)
000
2
001
4
010
8
011
16
100
32 (default)
101
64
110
64
111
64
DAC COMMAND (DIGITAL TO ANALOG
CONVERSION COMMAND)
The DAC Command is an ignition mode command that
sets the nominal ignition coil current (NOMI) and maximum
ignition coil current (MAXI) DAC values. Bits 0 through 4 set
the NOMI threshold value and, bits 8 through 11 set the MAXI
threshold values. The DAC command and default values are
listed in the SPI Command Summary Table 20. The NOMI
output is used by the MCU as a variable in dwell and spark
control algorithms.
NOMI DAC BITS
The NOMI output signal is generated by comparing the
external current sense resistor differential voltage (Resistor
Sense Positive, Resistor Sense Negative) with the SPI
programmed NOMI DAC value. When the NOMI event
occurs, the NOMI output pin is asserted (High). The NOMI
output is only a flag to the MCU and it’s output does not affect
the gate driver.
When using a 20 mΩ resistor as the current sense resistor,
the gain select of the differential amplifier connected to RSP
and RSN, should be set to a gain of 2, via the SPI Command
Message Spark Command (Command 0100, hex 4), Control
bit 6 =1.
When using a 40mΩ resistor as the current sense resistor,
the gain select of the differential amplifier connected to RSP
and RSN, should be set to a gain of 1, via the SPI Command
Message Spark Command (Command 0100, hex 4), Control
bit 6 =0. This is also the default value.
The NOMI output provides a means to alert the MCU when
the ignition coil primary current equals the value programmed
into the NOMI DAC.
In V10 Mode, the NOMI pin is reconfigured as a MAXI
input pin from a third MC33810 device in the system. In this
mode a NOMI input has effectively the same control as an
internal MAXI signal. Further information is provided in the
V10 Mode application section of this data sheet.
33810
20
Analog Integrated Circuit Device Data
Freescale Semiconductor
FUNCTIONAL DEVICE OPERATION
OPERATIONAL MODES
Table 11. Nominal Current DAC Select
Table 11. Nominal Current DAC Select
DAC Command
Bits<4,3,2,1,0>
NOMI
Current (A)
Differential
Voltage
(mV
Rs = 20mΩ
Differential
Voltage
(mV
Rs = 40mΩ
(Gain = 2)
(Gain = 1)
00000
3.00
60
120
00001
3.25
65
130
00010
3.50
70
140
00011
3.75
75
150
00100
4.00
80
160
00101
4.25
85
170
00110
4.50
90
180
00111
4.75
95
190
01000
5.00
100
200
01001
5.25
105
210
01010
5.50
110
220
01011
5.75
115
230
01100
6.00
120
240
01101
6.25
125
250
01110
6.50
130
260
01111
6.75
135
270
10000
7.00
140
280
10001
7.25
145
290
10010
7.50
150
300
10011
7.75
155
310
DAC Command
Bits<4,3,2,1,0>
NOMI
Current (A)
Differential
Voltage
(mV
Rs = 20mΩ
Differential
Voltage
(mV
Rs = 40mΩ
(Gain = 2)
(Gain = 1)
10100
8.00
160
320
10101
8.25
165
330
10110
8.50
170
340
10111
8.75
175
350
11000
9.00
180
360
11001
9.25
185
370
11010
9.50
190
380
11011
9.75
195
390
11100
10.00
200
400
11101
10.25
205
410
11110
10.50
210
420
11111
10.75
215
430
MAXI DAC BITS
The MAXI control block provides a means to shut off all the
ignition coil drivers if the current reaches a SPI
programmable maximum level. Control is achieved by
comparing the output of the current sense amplifier with a SPI
programmed DAC value.
The MAXI comparator disables all gate drivers configured
as ignition drivers when the DAC MAXI setting is exceeded.
When a MAXI event occurs, the MAXI bit in the fault status
register is set and the MAXI pin is asserted (High).
When using a 20mΩ resistor as the current sense resistor,
the gain select of the differential amplifier connected to RSP
and RSN, should be set to a gain of 2, via the SPI Command
Message Spark Command (Command 0100, hex 4), Control
bit 6 =1.
When using a 40mΩ resistor as the current sense resistor,
the gain select of the differential amplifier connected to RSP
and RSN, should be set to a gain of 1, via the SPI Command
Message Spark Command (Command 0100, hex 4), Control
bit 6 =0. This is also the default value.
The MAXI fault bit in the SPI fault status register is cleared
when the MAXI condition no longer exists and the SPI fault
status register has been read by the MCU.
In V10 Mode, the MAXI pin is configured as an input to
receive the MAXI signal from a second MC33810 device in
the system. In this mode a input MAXI signal has effectively
the same control as an internal MAXI signal. Further
information is provided in the V10 Mode application section
of this specification.
33810
Analog Integrated Circuit Device Data
Freescale Semiconductor
21
FUNCTIONAL DEVICE OPERATION
OPERATIONAL MODES
GENERAL PURPOSE GATE DRIVER MODE
Table 12. Maximum Current DAC Select
DAC Command
Bit<b11,b10,b9,b8>
Differential Differential
MAXI
Voltage (mV Voltage (mV
Current (A)
Rs = 20mΩ Rs = 40mΩ
0000
6.0
120
240
0001
7.0
140
280
0010
8.0
160
320
0011
9.0
180
360
0100
10.0
200
400
0101
11.0
220
440
0110
12.0
240
480
0111
13.0
260
520
1000
14.0
280
560
1001
15.0
300
600
1010
16.0
320
640
1011
17.0
340
680
1100
18.0
360
720
1101
19.0
380
760
1110
20.0
400
800
1111
21.0
420
840
Each gate driver can be individually configured as a
General Purpose Gate Driver (GPGD) and controlled from
the parallel GINx input pins, SPI Driver ON/OFF Command or
may be programmed through the SPI for a specific frequency
and duty cycle output (PWM).
In General Purpose Gate Driver mode the gate drivers
have the following features:
•
•
•
•
Gate driver for discrete external MOSFET
Off state open load detect
On state short circuit protection
Programmable drain threshold and duration timer for short
fault detection
• PWM frequency/duty cycle controller
In GPGD Mode the GDx output is a current controlled
output driver with slew rate control, gate to source clamp,
passive pull-down resistor and a drain to gate clamp for
switching inductive loads.
Driver ON /OFF Command
END OF SPARK FILTER BITS
The ringing at the end of the Spark signatures waveform
can cause erroneous detection of the End of Spark event. To
eliminate the effect of this ringing, a low pass filter with
variable time values can be selected. Four time values for the
low pass filter have been provided with a zero value
indicating that no low pass filtering is to be used. The End of
Spark Filter bits specify a 0, 4µs, 16µs, or 32µs time interval
to sample the spark ignition coil primary current to ignore the
ringing at the end of spark.
Table 13. End of Spark Filter Time Select
End of Spark Filter
Bits<11, 10, 9, 8>
Filter Time
0000
0.0
0001
4.0
0010
16.0
0011
32.0
µs
The Driver ON/OFF Command, bits 4 through 7 control
gate drivers that have been Mode Select Command
programmed as GPGD. A logic 1 in bits 4 through 7 will
command the specific output ON. A logic 0 in the appropriate
bit location commands the specific output Off. Also contained
in the Driver ON/OFF Command are SPI control bits for the
integrated LSD output drivers. Further information on LSD
control is provided in the Low Side Injector Driver section of
the data sheet.
NOTE: Gate drivers programmed to IGNITION mode have
parallel input control only, and cannot be turned off and on via
SPI commands.
GPGD Short Threshold Voltage Command
Each GPGD driver is capable of detecting an open load in
the off state and shorted load in the on state. All faults are
reported through the SPI communication. For open load
detection, a current source is placed between the FBx pin
and ground of the IC. An open load fault is reported when the
FBx voltage is less than the 2.5V threshold. Open load fault
detect threshold is set internally to 2.5V and may not be
programmed. A shorted load fault is reported when the FBx
pin voltage is greater than the programmed short threshold
voltage.
The short to battery fault threshold voltage of the external
MOSFET is programmed via the GPGD Short Threshold
Voltage Command. Table 14 illustrates the bit pattern to
select a particular threshold. Drain voltages less than the
selected threshold are considered normal operation. Drain
voltages greater than the selected threshold voltage are
considered faulted.
33810
22
Analog Integrated Circuit Device Data
Freescale Semiconductor
FUNCTIONAL DEVICE OPERATION
OPERATIONAL MODES
GPGD FLT Timer
Bits
Fault Timer Select
000
30µs
Each gate driver is individually set to either, restore to the
pre-fault state, or shutdown when a short fault is declared. By
setting the Retry/Shutdown bit in the GPGD Fault Operation
Command to logic 1 the specific output will try to go back to
the pre-fault state when the fault is no longer declared, after
a programmed “inhibit time”.
The retry strategy will cause the output to try to return to
the pre-fault state on a 1% duty cycle basis. For example: If
the fault timer is set to 120µs and a fault is declared (drain
voltage greater than the programmed threshold for greater
than 120µs), the GDx output driver will be forced off for 12ms.
After 12 ms has elapsed, if the inputs, GINx or SPI, have not
tried to shut off the particular GDx output in the interim, the
GDx output will try to set the external driver on again (the prefault state). A continued declared fault on the output would
result in another 12ms shutdown period.
By setting the Retry/Shutdown bit in the GPGD Fault
Operation Command to logic 0 the specific output will
shutdown and remain off when the short fault is declared.
Only a reissue of the turn on command, via SPI or GINx, will
force the output to try and turn on again.
In the event that a GPGD is selected as a PWM controller
and a short occurs on the output, the output retry strategy
forces the output to a 1% duty cycle based on the fault timer
setting. For example: If the fault timer is set to 120µs and a
fault is detected (drain voltage greater than programmed
threshold), the PWM output will be commanded off for 12ms
and commanded ON again at the next PWM cycle.
Care should be taken to select a fault timer that is shorter
than the minimum duty cycle ON time of the PWM controller.
Selecting a fault timer that is longer will allow the PWM
controller to continue to drive the external MOSFET into a
shorted load.
001
60µs
PWM FREQUENCY/DUTY CYCLE COMMAND
010
120µs
011
240µs (default)
100
480µs
101
960µs
110
No Change
111
No Change
The PWMx Freq & Duty Cycle command is use to program
the GDx outputs with a frequency and duty cycle. Table 16
defines the user selectable output frequency. The frequency
and duty cycle may be updated at any time using the PWM
Freq&DC command, however the update will only begin on
the next PWM rising edge time.
Once the PWM Freq & DC registers are programmed and
the PWM controller is enabled through the Mode Command
the PWM outputs are turned ON and OFF via the GINx pin
OR the SPI GPGD ON/OFF Command control bit. All Parallel
and serial On and Off command updates to the PWM
controller are synchronous with the rising edge of the
previous PWM period.
The truth table for GDx control in general purpose mode is
provided in Table 8.
Table 14. FBx Fault Threshold Select
GPGD VDS FLT
Bits
FBx Fault Threshold Select
000
0.5V
001
1.0V
010
1.5V
011
2.0 (default)
100
2.5V
101
3.0V
110
No Change
111
No Change
GPGD SHORT TIMER COMMAND
The GPGD Short Timer Command allows the user to
select the duration of time that the drain voltage is allowed to
be greater than the programed threshold voltage without
causing shutdown. External MOSFETS with drain voltages
greater than the programed threshold for longer than the
Fault Duration Timer are shutdown. Timer durations are listed
in Table 15.
Table 15. FBx Short Fault Timer
Notes: Tolerance on this fault timer setting is ±10% after using the
Calibration Command.
GPGD FAULT OPERATION COMMAND
The GPGD Fault Operation Command sets the operating
parameters for the gate drivers under faulted conditions. A
short fault is said to be “detected” when the drain source
voltage, Vds, of the external MOSFET, exceeds the SPI
programmed short threshold voltage. The short fault is said
to be “declared” when the VDS over-voltage lasts longer than
the SPI programmed “fault timer.” (short duration time > fault
timer programmed value)
The duty cycle of the PWM outputs is controlled by bits 06, inclusive. The duty cycle value is 1% per binary count from
1-100 with counts of 101-127 defaulting to 100%. For
example, sending SPI command 101001000001100 would
set GD1, PWM output to 10Hz and 12% duty cycle.
33810
Analog Integrated Circuit Device Data
Freescale Semiconductor
23
FUNCTIONAL DEVICE OPERATION
OPERATIONAL MODES
V10 MODE
.
Table 16. Frequency Select
PWM Freq&DC
Command
Bit<b9,b8,b7>
Frequency Hz
000
10Hz (default)
001
20Hz
010
40Hz
011
80Hz
100
160Hz
101
320Hz
110
640Hz
111
1.28kHz
Notes: Tolerance on selected frequency is ±10% after using the
Calibration Command. Shorts to battery and open load faults will not
be detected for frequency and duty cycle combinations inconsistent
with fault timers.
Table 17. Pre-driver GDx Output Control
Mode
Command
IGN/GP Bit
Driver
On/OFF
GPGD Bit
PWMx
Enable Bit
GINx
terminal
GDx
Output
1
0
X
0
OFF
1
0
0
1
ON
1
1
0
X
ON
1
X
1
1
Freq/DC
1
1
1
X
Freq/DC
V10 Mode provides a method for monitoring 10 ignition
events while using only two current sense resistors. This is
achieved using three MC33810 devices. Two MC33810
devices are programmed as Normal Ignition mode outputs
and one is programmed as a V10 ignition mode output. The
ignition gate driver outputs are partitioned into two banks of
five outputs each (See Figure 10). Each bank contains one or
two driver(s) from the V10 device.
Drivers in the V10 device are grouped in two’s (GD0&GD2,
GD1&GD3). Current from each V10 mode IGBT group is
monitored by the appropriate Normal Mode device (See
Figure 10). The MAXI signal from one Normal Mode device is
ported to the V10 Mode MAXI input pin. Likewise the MAXI
signal from the second Normal Mode device is ported to the
V10 Mode NOMI input pin. The V10 Mode NOMI/MAXI inputs
are used as MAXI shutdown signals for the appropriate
ignition gate drive group.
V10 Mode contains the same features as Ignition Mode
gate drivers with the following exceptions:
• NOMI/MAXI configured as input pins
• MAXI shutdown for GPGD disabled
• NOMI/MAXI comparators disabled
In V10 Mode, Spark Command bits 7 and 8 (Gain Select,
Overlapping Dwell) are disabled. These two features are
achieved through the Normal Mode devices.
RSN and RSP must be grounded in V10 Mode.
33810
24
Analog Integrated Circuit Device Data
Freescale Semiconductor
FUNCTIONAL DEVICE OPERATION
OPERATIONAL MODES
Bank 1
IC 1 “Parent”
IGBT1 (0-3)
Gate Drive 0
IGBT14
GO1
GIN1
IGBT15
Gate Drive 1
GIN2
GIN1
GO3
GIN3
LOGIC
LOGIC
RSP1
VtNI
RS1
NOMI
Comparator
Ign 1
VtMI
Child
Comparator
Inputs Tied
to GND
VtNI
NOMI
GIN0
GO1
GIN1
GO2
GIN2
GO3
GIN3
IGBT27
4
GIN (0-3)
LOGIC
NOMI
RSP2
NOMI
disabled
Ign 2
VtMI
MAXI
disabled
MAXI
Comparator
Logic
Buffer
IGBT 2 (0-3)
MAXI
RSP
GO0
IGBT26
GO3
Gate Drive 3
4 GIN
(0-3)
GIN (0-3)
MAXI
GIN0
Gate Drive 0
GO1
GO2
Gate Drive 3
4
NOMI
GO0
Gate Drive 1
GO2
GIN2
Gate Drive 2
Gate Drive 2
GIN3
IC 2 “Parent”
IC 3 “Child”
GO0
GIN0
Bank 2
VtNI
RS2
NOMI
MAXI
NOMI
Comparator
VtMI
Logic
Buffer
Logic
Buffer
MAXI
Comparator
Logic
Buffer
Logic
Buffer
Logic
Buffer
MAXI
MAXI
MAXI
NOMI
NOMI
NOMI1 to uP
MAXI1 to uP
MAXI2 to uP
NOMI2 to uP
Note: For “child” input NOMI is for channel 1&3, input MAXI is for channel 0&2
Figure 10. V10 Mode
LOW SIDE INJECTOR DRIVER
ON /OFF CONTROL COMMAND
The four open drain low side injector drivers are designed
to control various automotive loads such as injectors,
solenoids, lamps, relays and unipolar stepper motors. Each
driver includes off and on state open load detection, short
circuit protection and diagnostics. The injector drivers are
individually controlled through the ON/OFF SPI input
command Table 20 or parallel input pins DIN0 to DIN3. Serial
and parallel control of the output state is determined by the
logical OR of the SPI serial bit and the DINx parallel input
pins. All four outputs are disabled when the OUTEN input pin
is high regardless of the state of the SPI control bit or the
state of the DINx pin. All four injector drivers are not affected
by the selection of the gate driver’s three modes of operation
(Ignition Mode, General Purpose Mode, V10 mode).
To program the individual output of the 33810 ON or OFF,
a 16-bit serial stream of data is entered into the SI pin. The
first 4 bits of the control word are used to identify the On / Off
Command. Bit 0 through bit 3 of the ON/OFF Control
Command turn ON or OFF the specific output driver.
INJECTOR DRIVER FAULT COMMANDS
Fault protection strategies for the injector drivers are
programmed by the SPI LSD Fault Command. Bit 8 through
11 determine the type of short circuit protection to be used,
bits 0 through 7 set the open load strategy.
Short-circuit protection consists of three strategies. All
strategies utilize current limiting as an active element to
protect the output driver from failure.The TLIM and Timer
options are used to enhance the short circuit protection
strategy of the Injector drivers. The timer protection scheme
uses a low duty cycle in the event of a short-circuit. The TLIM
33810
Analog Integrated Circuit Device Data
Freescale Semiconductor
25
FUNCTIONAL DEVICE OPERATION
OPERATIONAL MODES
protection circuit uses the junction temperature of the output
driver to determine the fault. Both methods may be used
together or individually.
TIMER PROTECTION
The first protection scheme uses a low ON to OFF duty
cycle to protect the output driver. The low duty cycle allows
the device to cool so that the maximum junction temperatures
are not exceeded. During a short condition, the device enters
current limit. The driver will shutdown for short conditions
lasting longer than the current limit timer (~60µs)
Table 18. Injector Driver (OUTx) Fault Operation
Shutdn
Retry
Bit 11
TLIM
Bit 10
Fault
Timer
Bit 9
Operation During Short Fault
1
0
X
Timer only, Outputs will retry on period
OUT0-OUT3 = 60 µs ON, ~10ms OFF
1
1
0
TLIM only, Outputs will retry on TLIM
hysteresis.
1
1
1
Timer and TLIM, Outputs will retry on
period and driver temperature below
threshold.
TEMPERATURE LIMIT (TLIM)
The second scheme senses the temperature of the
individual output driver. During a short event the device
enters current limit and will remain in current limit until the
output driver temperature limit is exceeded (TLIM). At this
point, the device will shutdown until the junction temperature
falls below the hysteresis temperature value. The TLIM
hysteresis value is listed in the previous specification tables.
The third method combines both protection schemes into
one. During a short event the device will enter current limit.
The output driver will shutdown for short conditions lasting
longer than the current limit timer. In the event that the output
driver temperature is higher than maximum specified
temperature the output will shutdown.
The Shutdown/Retry bit allows the user to determine how
the drivers will respond to each short circuit strategy.
Table 18 provides fault operation for all three strategies.
Outputs may be used in parallel to drive higher current
loads provided the turn-off energy of the load does not
exceed the energy rating of a single output driver (100mJ
maximum).
OUT0-OUT3= 60 µs ON, ~10ms OFF
0
0
X
Timer only, Outputs will not retry on
period
OUT0-OUT3 = 60 µs ON, OFF
0
1
0
TLIM only, Outputs will not retry on TLim
hysteresis.
0
1
1
Timer and TLIM, Outputs will not retry on
period or TLIM.
OUT0-OUT3 = 60 µs ON, OFF
OUTPUT DRIVER DIAGNOSTICS.
Short to battery, Temperature Limit (TLIM) and open load
faults are reported through the All Status Response message
Table 21.
OFF OPEN LOAD PULL-DOWN CURRENT ENABLE
BITS
An open load on the output driver is detected by the
voltage level on the drain of the MOSFET in the off state.
Internal to the device is a 75µA pull-down current sink. In the
event of an open load the drain voltage is pulled low. When
the voltage crosses the threshold, and open load is detected.
The pull-down current source may be disabled by bit 0
through bit 3 in the LSD Fault Command. With the driver off
and the Off Open Load bit disabled, the Off Open Load fault
status bit will be logic 0.
ON OPEN LOAD ENABLE BITS
The On State Open Load enable bit allows the user to
determine an On State Open Load. When the On State Open
Load bit disabled, the On State Fault bit is always logic 0. On
Open Load is determined by monitoring the current through
the OUTx MOSFET. In the ON state, currents less than 20mA
to 200mA are considered open.
33810
26
Analog Integrated Circuit Device Data
Freescale Semiconductor
FUNCTIONAL DEVICE OPERATION
OPERATIONAL MODES
Table 19. InjectorDriver Diagnostics
Program State
Fault
temperature, calibration is required for an accurate time
base. The calibration command should be used to update the
device on a periodic basis.
Fault Bits
Off
State
Open
Load
Pull
Dwn
On
State
Open
Load
En Bit
Driver
On/Off
Output
STB
STG
OPEN
OUTx
Batt
Short
Fault
OUTx
OFF
Open
Fault
0
X
Off
STB
0
0
0
No Fault
0
X
Off
STG
0
0
0
No Fault
0
X
Off
OPEN
0
0
0
No Fault
1
X
Off
STB
0
0
0
No Fault
1
X
Off
STG
0
1
0
Open Load
1
X
Off
OPEN
0
1
0
Open Load
X
0
On
STB
1
0
0
Short to Batt
X
0
On
STG
0
0
0
No Fault
X
0
On
OPEN
0
0
0
No Fault
X
1
On
STB
1
0
0
Short to Batt
X
1
On
STG
0
0
1
Open Load
X
1
On
OPEN
0
0
1
Open Load
OUTx
ON
Fault Reported
Open
Fault
SPI COMMAND SUMMARY
The SPI commands are defined as 16 bits with 4 address
control bits and 12 command data bits. There are 12 separate
commands that are used to set operational parameters of
device. The operational parameters are stored internally in
16 bit registers.
Table 20 defines the commands and default state of the
internal registers at POR. SPI commands may be sent to the
device at any time in NORMAL STATE.
Messages sent are acted upon on the rising edge of the
CS input.
CLOCK CALIBRATION COMMAND
In cases where an accurate time base is required, the user
must calibrate the internal timers using the clock calibration
command (refer to Table 20). After the 33810 device
receives the calibration command, the device expects to
receive a 32µs logic [0] calibration pulse on the CS pin. The
pulse is used to calibrate the internal clock. Any SPI message
may be sent during the 32µs calibration chip select. Because
the oscillator frequency may shift up to 35% with
.
Table 20. SPI Command Message Set and Default State
Command
Control Address Bits
Command Bits
hex
15
14
13
12
11
10
9
8
Read Registers Command
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
1
0
All Status Command
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
1
0
0
0
0
SPI Check Command
0
0
0
0
0
1
1
1
1
0
0
Mode Select Command
1
0
0
0
1
<0000>
IGN/GP Mode Select
Set to IGN Mode
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
X
X
<0000>
Internal Register Address
<0> <0>
V10 OVR/
En Undr
Vtg
Disab
<0> <0> <0> <0>
pwm3 pwm2 pwm1 pwm0
EN
EN
EN
EN
Disab Disab Disab Disab
33810
Analog Integrated Circuit Device Data
Freescale Semiconductor
27
FUNCTIONAL DEVICE OPERATION
OPERATIONAL MODES
Table 20. SPI Command Message Set and Default State
Command
LSD Fault Command
Control Address Bits
hex
15
14
13
12
2
0
0
1
0
Command Bits
11
10
9
<10X>
LSD Flt Operation
shutdn,Tlim,Timer
8
X
Retry on timer
and No Tlim
Driver ON/OFF Command
3
0
0
1
1
X
X
X
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
0
<1> <1> <1> <1> <1> <1> <1> <1>
OUT3 OUT2 OUT1 OUT0 OUT3 OUT2 OUT1 OUT0
ON
ON
ON
ON OFF OFF OFF OFF
Open Open Open Open Open Open Open Open
Load Load Load Load Load Load Load Load
Enabl Enabl Enabl Enabl Enabl Enabl Enabl Enabl
X
<0000>
GPGD
OFF
0 = OFF, 1 = ON
<0000>
OUTx Driver
OFF
(ignored in Ignition Mode)
Spark Command
4
0
1
0
0
<100>
Max Dwell Timer
MaxDwell
Default=32ms
(In Ignition Mode
Only)
<0>
Max
Dwell
En
Disab
End Spark Filter
5
0
1
0
1
X
DAC Command
6
0
1
1
0
<1000>
MAXI DAC Threshold
MAXI=14A
X
X
X
<0> <0> <0> <0>
<11>
Over Gain Soft Open
Open
lap
Sel Shut 2ed Secondary
Dwell Gain Dn En Clmp
OSFLT
Disab = 1 Disab Disab =100µs
X
X
X
X
<100>
X
X
<01>
End Spark
Threshold
VPWR
+5.5V
<01>
End Spark
Thresh
4.0 µs
<01010>
NOMI DAC Threshold
NOMI=5.5A
Overlap Setting
Overlap 50%
GPGD Short Threshold
Voltage Command
7
0
1
1
1
<011>
Short to Batt VFB3
Vth = 2.0V
<011>
Short to Batt VFB2
Vth = 2.0V
<011>
Short to Batt VFB1
Vth = 2.0V
<011>
Short to Batt VFB0
Vth = 2.0V
GPGD Short Duration
Timer Command
8
1
0
0
0
<011>
Short to Batt tFB3
Timer = 240µs
<011>
Short to Batt tFB2
Timer = 240µs
<011>
Short to Batt tFB1
Timer = 240µs
<011>
Short to Batt tFB0
Timer = 240µs
GPGD Fault Operation
Select Command
9
1
0
0
1
PWM0 to PWM3 Freq &
DC Command
A
1
0
1
0
<00>
PWMx
address
PWM0
INVALID COMMAND
B
1
0
1
1
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
INVALID COMMAND
C
1
0
1
1
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
INVALID COMMAND
D
1
1
0
1
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
Clock Calibration
Command
E
1
1
1
0
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
INVALID COMMAND
F
1
1
1
1
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
<1111>
Retry/Shutdown Bit
Retry on Fault
X
X
X
<000>
PWM Frequency
10Hz
X
<0000>
Shutdown Drivers on MAXI
Disabled
<0000000>
PWM Duty Cycle
0% Duty Cycle
33810
28
Analog Integrated Circuit Device Data
Freescale Semiconductor
FUNCTIONAL DEVICE OPERATION
OPERATIONAL MODES
SPI RESPONSE REGISTERS
faults. Timing between two write words must be greater than
the fault timer to allow adequate time to sense and report the
proper fault status.
.
Fault reporting is accomplished through the SPI interface.
All logic [1]s received by the MCU via the SO pin indicate
faults. All logic [0]s received by the MCU via Pin indicate no
Table 21. SPI Response Messages
Next SO Response to:
15
14
13
12
11
10
9
8
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
0
0
0
0
0
1
1
0
1
0
0
0
0
1
0
1
0
SOR
NMF
13
12
SOR
NMF
SPI Check Command
Next SO Response to
Reset COR
HEX1 to HEX A
Commands and Read All
Status Command
ALL STATUS
RESPONSE
Next SO Response to
READ REGISTER
COMMAND
15
14
IGN3 IGN2 IGN1 IGN0 GP3 GP2 GP1 GP0 OUT3 OUT2 OUT1 OUT0
Fault Fault Fault Fault Fault Fault Fault Fault Fault Fault Fault Fault
11
10
9
8
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
0
Address <0000>
All Status Register
0 = No Fault, 1 = Fault
Reset COR
Address <0001>
OUT1, OUT0 Fault
Register
0 = No Fault, 1 = Fault
Reset COR
OVER LOW
Voltage Voltage
0
0
0
0
OUT1 OUT1 OUT1 OUT1 OUT0 OUT0 OUT0 OUT0
TLIM Batter OFF ON TLIM Batter OFF ON
Fault
y
Open Open Fault
y
Open Open
Short Fault Fault
Short Fault Fault
Fault
Fault
Address <0010>
OUT3, OUT2 Fault
Register
0 = No Fault, 1 = Fault
Reset COR
OVER LOW
Voltage Voltage
0
0
0
0
OUT3 OUT3 OUT3 OUT3 OUT2 OUT2 OUT2 OUT2
TLIM Batter OFF ON TLIM Batter OFF ON
Fault
y
Open Open Fault
y
Open Open
Short Fault Fault
Short Fault Fault
Fault
Fault
Address <0011>
GPGD Mode Fault
Register
0 = No Fault, 1 = Fault
Reset COR
OVER LOW
Voltage Voltage
0
0
0
0
GP3
Short
Circuit
Fault
IGN3 IGN2 IGN1 IGN0 GP3 GP2 GP1 GP0 OUT3 OUT2 OUT1 OUT0
Fault Fault Fault Fault Fault Fault Fault Fault Fault Fault Fault Fault
Address <0100>
Reset COR OVER LOW IGN3 IGN3 IGN3 IGN2 IGN2
IGN Mode Fault Register
Voltage Voltage MAXI Max Open MAXI Max
0 = No Fault, 1 = Fault
Fault Dwell Secon Fault Dwell
Fault
d
Fault
Fault
Address <0101>
Reset COR OVER LOW
Mode Command Register
Voltage Voltage
IGN/GP Mode Select
V10
En
GP3
Open
Load
Fault
GP2
Short
Circuit
Fault
GP2
Open
Load
Fault
OVR
Vtg
X
X
Reset COR
OVER LOW LSD Flt Operation
Voltage Voltage shutdn,Tlim,Timer
X
OUT3 OUT2 OUT1 OUT0
ON
ON
ON
ON
Open Open Open Open
Load Load Load Load
Address <0111>
Drvr ON/OFF Command
Reg
Reset COR
OVER LOW
Voltage Voltage
X
GPGD(19)
Address <1000>
Reset COR OVER LOW
Spark Command Register
Voltage Voltage
X
X
Max Dwell Timer
MaxDwell
GP1
Open
Load
Fault
GP0
Short
Circuit
Fault
GP0
Open
Load
Fault
IGN2 IGN1 IGN1 IGN1 IGN0 IGN0 IGN0
Open MAXI Max Open MAXI Max Open
Secon Fault Dwell Secon Fault Dwell Secon
d
Fault
d
Fault
d
Fault
Fault
Fault
Address <0110>
LSD Fault Command
Register
X
GP1
Short
Circuit
Fault
Max Over Gain Soft Open
Dwell lap
Sel Shut 2ed
En Dwell
Dn En Clmp
PWM PWM PWM PWM
3
2
1
0
EN
EN
EN
EN
OUT3
OFF
Open
Load
OUT2
OFF
Open
Load
OUT1
OFF
Open
Load
OUT0
OFF
Open
Load
OUTx Driver(19)
Open
Secondary
End Spark
Threshold
Notes
19. These bits refer to command On or Off state in the command registers, not the state of the respective output lines. These bits are not to be
confused with the ignition mode state which is controlled only by the parallel inputs and their state is not reflected in these bits.
33810
Analog Integrated Circuit Device Data
Freescale Semiconductor
29
FUNCTIONAL DEVICE OPERATION
OPERATIONAL MODES
Table 21. SPI Response Messages
Address <0101>
End Spark filter Register
Reset COR
OVER under
Voltage voltage
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
End spark
Filter
Address <1010>
Reset COR OVER LOW
DAC Command Register
Voltage Voltage
MAXI DAC Threshold
Overlap Setting
NOMI DAC Threshold
Address <1011>
Reset COR OVER LOW Short to Batt VFB3
GPGD FBx Short to
Voltage Voltage
Battery Threshold Voltage
Register
Short to Batt VFB2
Short to Batt VFB1
Short to Batt VFB0
Address <1100>
GPGD FBx Short to
Battery Threshold Timer
Register
Reset COR
OVER LOW
Voltage Voltage
Short to Batt tFB2
Short to Batt tFB1
Short to Batt tFB0
Address <1101>
GPGD Fault Operation
Register
Reset COR
OVER LOW
Voltage Voltage
Address <1110>
PWM Freq&DC Register
(last channel
programmed)
Reset COR
OVER LOW
Voltage Voltage
Address <1111>
Revision ID, Trim, Clock
Cal.
Reset COR
OVR
LOW
Vtg Voltage
Short to Batt tFB3
Retry/Shutdown Bit
PWMx
address
3
X
X
X
PWM Frequency
REV
ID
2
1
0
X
X
Shutdown Drivers on IMAX
PWM Duty Cycle
X
CAL
CAL
Too
Too
HI
LOW
TRIM TRIM
X
X
Parity Lock
Error
Out
Legend
COR = Command Out of Range
SOR = Supply Out of Range
NMF = Set When Faults Occur on V10 Mode MAXI and NOMI Inputs and V10 Mode Ignition Driver are OFF.
33810
30
Analog Integrated Circuit Device Data
Freescale Semiconductor
PACKAGING
PACKAGE DIMENSIONS
PACKAGING
PACKAGE DIMENSIONS
For the most current package revision, visit www.freescale.com and perform a keyword search using the “98A” listed below.
EK (Pb-FREE) SUFFIX
32-PIN
98ARL10543D
ISSUE B
33810
Analog Integrated Circuit Device Data
Freescale Semiconductor
31
PACKAGING
PACKAGE DIMENSIONS
.
EK (Pb-FREE) SUFFIX
32-PIN
98ARL10543D
ISSUE B
33810
32
Analog Integrated Circuit Device Data
Freescale Semiconductor
REVISION HISTORY
REVISION HISTORY
REVISION
DATE
DESCRIPTION OF CHANGES
3.0
10/2007
• Initial Release
4.0
2/2008
• Fixed several typos throughout document
• Changed Static Electrical Characteristics, Table 3, Digital Interface, OUT_EN Leakage
Current to VDD, maximum from 10 to 50µA.
• Reworded not to Table 15.
• Added Table 16 back (it was inadvertently deleted.
• Added “Ignition &” to tile in Table 4.
33810
Analog Integrated Circuit Device Data
Freescale Semiconductor
33
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MC33810
Rev. 4.0
2/2008
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