STMICROELECTRONICS TDA7406

TDA7406
Car radio signal processor
Features
Audio processor
■
4 Stereo inputs
■
4 Mono inputs
■
Volume control
■
7 Band equalizer filter control
■
High pass filter for subwoofer
■
Programmable multipath detector
■
application
■
Quality detector output
■
Direct mute and soft mute
■
Internal beep generation
Digital control
■
4 Independent speaker outputs
■
■
Soft step speaker control
■
Subwoofer output
■
7 Band spectrum analyzer
■
Full mixing capability
■
Pause detector decoder
Stereo decoder
■
RDS mute
■
No external adjustments
■
AM/FM noiseblanker with several trigger
controls
TQFP44
I2C-bus interface
Description
The TDA7406 includes a high performance audio
processor with 7 bands equalizer and spectrum
analyzer plus a stereo decoder-noiseblanker.
The whole low frequency signal processing
necessary for state-of-the-art as well as future car
radios is therefore provided.
The digital control allows a full programming not
only of the audioprocessor and filter
characteristics but also in the stereodecoder part
especially for the adaptation to different IFdevices.
Order codes
Part number
Package
Packing
E-TDA7406
TQFP44
Tray
September 2006
Rev 1
1/64
www.st.com
1
Contents
TDA7406
Contents
1
Block and pin connection diagram . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7
2
Electrical specifications . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9
3
4
2.1
Supply . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9
2.2
Thermal data . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9
2.3
Absolute maximum ratings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9
2.4
ESD: . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9
Audioprocessor part . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10
3.1
Features: . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10
3.2
Audioprocessor electrical characteristics . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11
Description of the audioprocessor part . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16
4.1
4.2
4.1.1
Pseudo-differential stereo Input (PD) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16
4.1.2
Single-ended stereo Inputs, single-ended mono inputs and FM-MPX input
16
4.1.3
Mixing Selector . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16
4.1.4
Beep Generator . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16
AutoZero . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17
4.2.1
AutoZero for Stereodecoder-Selection . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17
4.2.2
AutoZero-Remain . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18
4.2.3
PAUSE Detector . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18
4.3
Loudness . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18
4.4
Soft Mute . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20
4.5
Volume Control . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20
4.6
2/64
Input stages . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16
4.5.1
Gain/Attenuation Control . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20
4.5.2
Soft Step Volume . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20
The Seven Band Equalizer . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21
4.6.1
Equalizer Filter . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21
4.6.2
DC-Mode . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 23
4.7
Subwoofer Application . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 23
4.8
Spectrum analyzer . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 24
TDA7406
Contents
4.8.1
5
6
7
8
9
Spectrum Analyzer Filters . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 24
4.9
AC-coupling . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25
4.10
Speaker-Attenuator stage . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 26
4.11
Output Mixer . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 26
4.12
Audioprocessor Testing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 26
Stereodecoder part . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 27
5.1
Features: . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 27
5.2
Stereodecoder electrical characteristics . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 27
5.3
Dual MPX Usage . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 30
Noise blanker part . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 31
6.1
Features: . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 31
6.2
Noise blanker electrical characteristics . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 31
Multipath detector . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 34
7.1
Features: . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 34
7.2
Multipath detector electrical characteristics . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 34
Functional Description of Stereodecoder . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 35
8.1
Stereodecoder-Mute . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 35
8.2
InGain + InFilter . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 36
8.3
Demodulator . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 36
8.4
De-emphasis and Highcut . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 37
8.5
PLL and Pilot tone-Detector . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 37
8.6
Fieldstrength Control . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 37
8.7
LEVEL-Input and -Gain . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 37
8.8
Stereoblend Control . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 37
8.9
Highcut Control . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 38
Functional description of the noiseblanker . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 40
9.1
Trigger Path FM . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 40
9.2
Noise Controlled Threshold Adjustment (NCT) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 40
9.3
Additional Threshold Control Mechanism . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 41
9.3.1
Automatic Threshold Control by the Stereoblend voltage . . . . . . . . . . . 41
3/64
Contents
TDA7406
9.3.2
Over Deviation Detector . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 41
9.3.3
Multipath-Level . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 41
9.3.4
AM mode of the Noiseblanker . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 41
10
Functional description of the multipath-detector . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 42
11
Quality detector . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 43
12
Testmode . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 44
13
I2C bus interface . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 45
13.1
Interface Protocol . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 45
13.1.1
Auto increment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 45
13.1.2
TRANSMITTED DATA (send mode) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 45
13.1.3
Reset Condition . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 45
13.2
Subaddress (receive mode) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 46
13.3
Data byte specification . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 47
14
Application diagram . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 61
15
Package information . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 62
16
Revision history . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 63
4/64
TDA7406
List of tables
List of tables
Table 1.
Table 2.
Table 3.
Table 4.
Table 5.
Table 6.
Table 7.
Table 8.
Table 9.
Table 10.
Table 11.
Table 12.
Table 13.
Table 14.
Table 15.
Table 16.
Table 17.
Table 18.
Table 19.
Table 20.
Table 21.
Table 22.
Table 23.
Table 24.
Table 25.
Table 26.
Table 27.
Table 28.
Table 29.
Table 30.
Table 31.
Supply . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9
Thermal data. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9
Absolute maximum ratings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9
Audioprocessor electrical characteristics . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11
Stereodecoder electrical characteristics . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 27
Noise blanker electrical characteristics. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 31
Multipath detector electrical characteristics . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 34
Subaddress (receive mode) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 46
Input Selector (0) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 47
Loudness (1) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 47
Volume (2) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 48
Equalizer (3,4,5,6,7,8,9) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 48
Mixing Programming (10) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 49
SoftMute (11) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 49
Subwoofer Configuration / Spectrum Analyzer / HighPass (12) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 50
Configuration Audioprocessor I (13) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 50
Configuration Audioprocessor II (14) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 51
Speaker and Subwoofer Level Control (15,16,17,18,19) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 52
Mixer Level Control (20) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 52
Testing Audioprocessor (21). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 53
Stereodecoder (22) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 53
Noiseblanker I (23) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 54
Noiseblanker II (24) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 55
AM / FM-Noiseblanker (25). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 55
High-Cut (26) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 56
Fieldstrength Control (27) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 57
Multipath Detector (28) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 57
Stereodecoder Adjustment (29) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 58
Stereodecoder Configuration (30) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 59
Testing Stereodecoder(31) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 59
Document revision history . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 63
5/64
List of figures
TDA7406
List of figures
Figure 1.
Figure 2.
Figure 3.
Figure 4.
Figure 5.
Figure 6.
Figure 7.
Figure 8.
Figure 9.
Figure 10.
Figure 11.
Figure 12.
Figure 13.
Figure 14.
Figure 15.
Figure 16.
Figure 17.
Figure 18.
Figure 19.
Figure 20.
Figure 21.
Figure 22.
Figure 23.
Figure 24.
Figure 25.
Figure 26.
Figure 27.
Figure 28.
Figure 29.
Figure 30.
Figure 31.
Figure 32.
6/64
Block diagram . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7
Pin connection (Top view) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8
Input-stages . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17
Loudness Attenuation @ fP = 400Hz.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19
Loudness Center frequencies @ Attn. = 15dB . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19
1st and 2nd Order Loudness @ Attn. = 15dB, fP=400Hz. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19
Soft Mute-Timing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20
SoftStep-Timing for Volume . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21
Equalizer filter control @ fCenter = 1kHz, Q = 1.0 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 22
Center frequencies @ Gain = 15dB, Q = 1.0 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 22
Quality factors @ boost = 15dB, fCenter = 1kHz . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 22
Superposition of all EQ bands @ boost = 15dB . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 23
EQ band1, normal- and DC-mode @ boost = 15 dB, fCenter = 62 Hz. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 23
Subwoofer Application with Lowpass @ 80/120/160Hz and HighPass @ 90/135/180Hz . 24
Spectrum analyzer block diagram . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25
Timing spectrum analyzer. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25
AC/DC-coupling and MixIn Inputs. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 26
Output Selector . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 26
Block diagram Dual MPX . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 30
Trigger Threshold vs. VPEAK . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 33
Deviation Controlled Trigger Adjustment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 33
Fieldstrength Controlled Trigger Adjustment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 33
Block diagram of the stereodecoder . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 35
Signals during stereodecoder's SoftMute . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 36
Signal-Control via SoftMute-Pin . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 36
Internal stereoblend characteristics . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 38
Relation between internal and external LEVEL-voltages for setup of Stereoblend . . . . . . 38
Highcut characteristics . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 39
Block diagram of the noiseblanker . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 40
Block diagram of the Multipath-Detector. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 42
Application Diagram . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 61
TQFP44 Mechanical Data & Package Dimensions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 62
CDL
NAVI
AM
NAVI
AM IF
CMPX
MPX1
AM/MPX2
TIM
PHONE
CDC
L
R
FM
INPUT
MULTIPLEXER
TAPE
MD
CD
TIM
PHONE
PDR+
PD-
PDL+
TAPER
TAPEL
MDR
MDL
CDR
STD
INGAIN
MIXING
SELECTOR
MAIN
SOURCE
SELECTOR
PAUSE
R
L
80KHz-LP
IN-GAIN +
AUTO ZERO
PLL
BEEP
+
SPECTRUM
ANALYSER
SACLK
PILDET
LOUDNESS
SAOUT
SOFTSTEP
VOLUME
PILOTCANCELLATION
SOFT
MUTE
SM
R
+
MPIN
SWACOUT
MPOUT
MULTIPATH
DETECTOR
DEMODULATOR
+ STEREO ADJUST
+ STEREO BLED
DIGITAL CONTROL
7 BAND
EQUALIZER
L
ACOUTR
ACOUTL
AM/FM
NOISE BLANKER
25KHz-LP
HIGH
PASS
ACINL
SWIN
ACINR
FRONT
PULSE
FORMER
S&H
SUBWOOFER
FILTER
REAR
OUTPUT
SELECTOR
MIXINRF
SUBWOOFEROUT
DCIN
MIXINRR
ACIN
MIXINLR
A
LEVEL
D
HIGH
CUT
R
L
MONO
FADER
SOFT STEP
FADER
SOFT STEP
FADER
SOFT STEP
FADER
SOFT STEP
FADER
SOFT STEP
FADER
D01AU1255
SUPPLY
QUAL
I2C BUS
MIXER
VS
GND
CREF
QUA
SCL
SDA
OUT SW
OUT RR
OUT RF
OUT RF
OUT LF
Figure 1.
MIXINLF
1
PAUSE
TDA7406
Block and pin connection diagram
Block and pin connection diagram
Block diagram
7/64
Block and pin connection diagram
Figure 2.
8/64
Pin connection (Top view)
TDA7406
TDA7406
Electrical specifications
2
Electrical specifications
2.1
Supply
Table 1.
Supply
Symbol
Parameter
VS
Supply Voltage
IS
Supply Current
SVRR
Test Conditions
VS = 9V
Thermal data
Table 2.
Thermal data
Unit
7.5
9
10
V
42
60
78
mA
60
dB
Stereodecoder + Audioprocessor
55
dB
Description
Thermal Resistance Junction-pins
2.3
Absolute maximum ratings
Table 3.
Absolute maximum ratings
Symbol
Parameter
Operating Supply Voltage
Tamb
Operating Temperature Range
Tstg
Storage Temperature Range
2.4
Max.
Audioprocessor (all Filters flat)
Symbol
VS
Typ.
Ripple Rejection @ 1kHz
2.2
Rth j-pins
Min.
max
Value
Unit
65
°C/W
Value
Unit
10.5
V
-40 to 85
°C
-55 to +150
°C
ESD:
All pins are protected against ESD according to the MIL883 standard.
9/64
Audioprocessor part
TDA7406
3
Audioprocessor part
3.1
Features:
●
●
Input multiplexer
–
Pseudo differential CDC stereo input, programmable as single-ended input.
–
3 single-ended stereo inputs.
–
4single-ended mono inputs.
–
Input gain adjust 0...15dB in 1dB steps.
–
Internal offset-cancellation (autozero).
Beep
–
●
●
●
●
●
●
●
●
10/64
Internal beep generator with 4 different frequencies.
Mixing stage
–
Beep, Phone- and Navi-Input mixable to all speaker outputs.
–
TIM or tuner (FM/AM) programmable as fourth mixing source.
–
Level control range of 95dB (+15...-79db).
Loudness
–
Loudness programmable center frequency and filter slope.
–
0...19dB attenuation in 1dB steps.
–
selectable flat-mode (constant attenuation).
Volume
–
Gain/Attenuation with 0.5dB step resolution.
–
soft-step control with programmable blend times.
–
110dB range (+32...-79db).
Equalizer
–
Seven bands equalizer with 2nd order frequency response switch-capacitors filters.
–
Center frequency programmable for lowest and highest filter.
–
Programmable quality factor in four steps for each filter.
–
±15dB range with 1dB steps.
Spectrum analyzer
–
seven bandpass 2nd order frequency response switch-capacitors filters
–
Programmable quality factor for different visual appearance
–
Analog output
–
Controlled by external serial clock
High pass Filter
–
2nd order Butterworth high pass with programmable cut-off frequency
–
Selectable flat-mode
Speakers
–
4 independent speaker controls with separate mute.
–
Control range 95dB (+15...-79dB) in 1dB steps with soft step.
–
4 independent programmable mix inputs with 50% mixing ratio
Subwoofer
TDA7406
Audioprocessor part
●
–
Single-ended monaural output
–
control range 95dB (+15...-79dB) in 1dB steps with soft step.
–
separate mute
Mute functions
–
direct mute
–
digitally controlled Soft mute with 4 programmable mute-time
3.2
Audioprocessor electrical characteristics
Table 4.
Audioprocessor electrical characteristics
(VS=9V; Tamb=25°C; RL=10kΩ; all gains=0dB; f=1kHz; unless otherwise specified)
Symbol
Parameter
Test Condition
Min.
Typ.
Max.
Unit
70
100
130
kΩ
INPUT SELECTOR
Rin
Input Resistance
VCL
Clipping Level
2.2
2.6
VRMS
SIN
Input Separation
80
100
dB
GIN MIN
Min. Input Gain
-1
0
1
dB
GIN MAX Max. Input Gain
13
15
17
dB
Step Resolution
0.5
1
1.5
dB
Adjacent Gain Steps
-5
1
5
mV
GMIN to GMAX
-10
1
10
mV
GSTEP
VDC
Voffset
all single ended Inputs
DC Steps
Remaining offset with Autozero
0.5
mV
DIFFERENTIAL STEREO INPUTS
Rin
CMRR
eNO
Input Resistance (see Fig. 1)
Common Mode Rejection Ratio
Output-Noise @ SpeakerOutputs
Differential
70
100
VCM = 1VRMS @ 1kHz
46
70
dB
VCM = 1VRMS @ 10kHz
46
60
dB
11
µV
20Hz - 20kHz, flat; all stages 0dB
130
kΩ
BEEP CONTROL
VRMS
fBeep
Beep Level
Beep Frequency
Mix-Gain = 6dB
250
350
500
mV
fBeep1
475
500
525
Hz
fBeep2
740
780
820
Hz
fBeep3
1.48
1.56
1.64
kHz
fBeep4
2.28
2.4
2.52
kHz
11/64
Audioprocessor part
Table 4.
TDA7406
Audioprocessor electrical characteristics (continued)
(VS=9V; Tamb=25°C; RL=10kΩ; all gains=0dB; f=1kHz; unless otherwise specified)
Symbol
Parameter
Test Condition
Min.
Typ.
Max.
Unit
MIXING CONTROL
MLEVEL
Mixing Ratio
Main / Mix-Source
-6/-6
dB
GMAX
Max. Gain
13
15
17
dB
AMAX
Max. Attenuation
-83
-79
-75
dB
ASTEP
Attenuation Step
0.5
1
1.5
dB
LOUDNESS CONTROL
ASTEP
Step Resolution
0.5
1
1.5
dB
AMAX
Max. Attenuation
-21
-19
-17
dB
fP1
180
200
220
Hz
fP2
360
400
440
Hz
fP3
540
600
660
Hz
fP4
720
800
880
Hz
fPeak
Peak Frequency
VOLUME CONTROL
GMAX
Max. Gain
30
32
34
dB
AMAX
Max. Attenuation
-83
-79
-75
dB
ASTEP
Step Resolution
0
0.5
1
dB
G = -20 to +20dB
-0.75
0
+0.75
dB
G = -80 to -20dB
-4
0
3
dB
2
dB
EA
Attenuation Set Error
ET
Tracking Error
VDC
12/64
Adjacent Attenuation Steps
0.1
3
mV
From 0dB to GMIN
0.5
5
mV
DC Steps
TDA7406
Audioprocessor part
Table 4.
Audioprocessor electrical characteristics (continued)
(VS=9V; Tamb=25°C; RL=10kΩ; all gains=0dB; f=1kHz; unless otherwise specified)
Symbol
Parameter
Test Condition
Min.
Typ.
80
100
Max.
Unit
SOFT MUTE
AMUTE
TD
VTH low
Mute Attenuation
dB
T1
0.48
1
ms
T2
0.96
2
ms
Delay Time
Low Threshold for SM-Pin
T3
70
123
170
ms
T4
200
324
600
ms
1
V
1)
VTH high High Threshold for SM - Pin
RPU
Internal pull-up resistor
VPU
Internal pull-up Voltage
2.5
32
V
45
58
3.3
kΩ
V
EQUALIZER CONTROL
CRANGE Control Range
ASTEP
+14
+15
+16
dB
0.5
1
1.5
dB
fC1a
55
62
69
Hz
fC1b
90
100
110
Hz
Step Resolution
fC1
Center Frequency Band 1
fC2
Center Frequency Band 2
fC2
141
157
173
Hz
fC3
Center Frequency Band 3
fC3
365
396
437
Hz
fC4
Center Frequency Band 4
fC4
0.9
1
1.1
kHz
fC5
Center Frequency Band 5
fC5
2.25
2.51
2.766
kHz
4
4.4
kHz
Center Frequency Band 6
fC6a
3.6
fC6
fC6b
5.70
6.34
6.98
kHz
15
16.5
kHz
Center Frequency Band 7
fC7a
13.5
fC7
fC7b
14.4
16
17.6
kHz
Q1
0.9
1
1.1
Q2
1.26
1.4
1.54
Q3
1.62
1.8
1.98
Q4
1.98
2.2
2.44
-1
0
+1
Q
Quality Factor
DC = off
DCGAIN
dB
DC-gain, Band 1
DC = on, 15dB boost
4
dB
SPECTRUM ANALYZER CONTROL
VSAOut
Output Voltage Range
0
3.3
V
fC1
Center Frequency Band 1
fC1
55
62
69
Hz
fC2
Center Frequency Band 2
fC2
141
157
173
Hz
13/64
Audioprocessor part
Table 4.
TDA7406
Audioprocessor electrical characteristics (continued)
(VS=9V; Tamb=25°C; RL=10kΩ; all gains=0dB; f=1kHz; unless otherwise specified)
Symbol
Parameter
Test Condition
Min.
Typ.
Max.
Unit
fC3
Center Frequency Band 3
fC3
356
396
436
Hz
fC4
Center Frequency Band 4
fC4
0.9
1
1.1
kHz
fC5
Center Frequency Band 5
fC5
2.26
2.51
2.76
kHz
fC6
Center Frequency Band 6
fC6
5.70
6.34
6.98
kHz
fC7
Center Frequency Band 7
fC7
14.4
16
17.6
kHz
1.8
1.98
Quality Factor
Q1
1.62
Q
Q2
3.15
3.5
3.85
fSAClk
Clock Frequency
1
tSAdel
Analog Output Delay Time
2
µs
trepeat
Spectrum Analyzer Repeat Time
50
ms
tintres
Internal Reset Time
100
kHz
3
ms
Window 1
40
mV
Window 2
80
mV
Window 3
160
mV
PAUSE DETECTOR
VTH
Zero Crossing Threshold
IDELAY
Pull-Up Current
VTHP
Pause Threshold
15
25
35
3
µA
V
SPEAKER ATTENUATORS
Rin
Input Impedance
35
50
65
kΩ
GMAX
Max. Gain
14.5
15.5
16.5
dB
AMAX
Max. Attenuation
-83.5
-79.5
-75
dB
ASTEP
Step Resolution
0.5
1
1.5
dB
AMUTE
Output Mute Attenuation
80
90
EE
Attenuation Set Error
VDC
DC Steps
Adjacent Attenuation Steps
MR
Mixing Ratio
Signal/MixIn
0.5
dB
3
dB
5
mV
50/50
%
2.6
VRMS
AUDIO OUTPUTS
VCLIP
Clipping Level
RL
Output Load Resistance
CL
Output Load Capacitance
ROUT
Output Impedance
VDC
DC Voltage Level
14/64
Thd=0.3%
2.2
2
4.3
kΩ
10
nF
30
120
W
4.5
4.7
V
TDA7406
Audioprocessor part
Table 4.
Audioprocessor electrical characteristics (continued)
(VS=9V; Tamb=25°C; RL=10kΩ; all gains=0dB; f=1kHz; unless otherwise specified)
Symbol
Parameter
Test Condition
Min.
Typ.
Max.
Unit
fHP1
81
90
99
Hz
fHP2
122
135
148
Hz
fHP3
162
180
198
Hz
fHP4
194
215
236
Hz
Input Impedance
35
50
65
kΩ
GMAX
Max. Gain
14
15
16
dB
AATTN
Max. Attenuation
-83
-79
-75
dB
ASTEP
Step Resolution
0
1
1.5
dB
AMUTE
Output Mute Attenuation
80
90
HIGH PASS
fHP
Highpass corner frequency
SUBWOOFER ATTENUATOR
Rin
EE
VDC
Attenuation Set Error
DC Steps
Adjacent Attenuation Steps
dB
2
dB
1
5
mV
SUBWOOFER Lowpass
fLP
Lowpass corner frequency
fLP1
72
80
88
Hz
fLP2
108
120
132
Hz
fLP3
144
160
176
Hz
3
15
µV
20
µV
µV
GENERAL
eNO
Output Noise
BW = 20Hz - 20kHz
output muted
BW = 20Hz - 20kHz
all gains = 0dB
single ended inputs
S/N
d
SC
Signal to Noise Ratio
distortion
Channel Separation left/right
10
all gains = 0dB
flat; VO = 2VRMS
103
dB
All EQ-bands at +12dB; Q = 1.0
a-weighted; VO = 2.6VRMS
87
dB
VIN = 1VRMS; all stages 0dB
0.01
0.1
%
VOUT = 1VRMS; Bass & Treble =
12dB
0.05
0.1
%
80
90
dB
15/64
Description of the audioprocessor part
4
Description of the audioprocessor part
4.1
Input stages
TDA7406
In the basic configuration there is a source-Selector with 8 inputs: one pseudo-differential
(CDC), three single ended stereo (MD, CD, Tape), three single-ended mono (PHONE, NAVI,
TIM) plus the “tuner” input. The tuner input takes the signal from either MPX1 or MPX2/AM
pins (through the stereodecoder) see Figure 3.
4.1.1
Pseudo-differential stereo Input (PD)
The PD input is implemented as a buffered pseudo-differential stereo stage with 100kΩ
input-impedance at each input pin. This input is also configurable as single-ended stereo
input (CDC, see pin-out). The common input-pin, PD- features a fast charge switch to speed
up the charge time of external capacitors. This switch is released the first time the inputselector data-byte (0) is assessed.
4.1.2
Single-ended stereo Inputs, single-ended mono inputs and FM-MPX
input
All single ended inputs have an input impedance of 100kΩ. The AM-pin can be connected to
the input of the stereo-decoder in order to use the AM-noiseblanker and AM-High-Cut
feature. As input “Tuner” for the input selector either the stereo-decoder output or the AM-pin
is selectable.
4.1.3
Mixing Selector
It is possible to enable/disable the mixing feature (ratio 50%) at the outputs stages between
whichever input source and one of the following signals: Beep, Phone, Navigator and
Tuner/TIM.
4.1.4
Beep Generator
There are four possible selectable beeping frequencies: 600Hz, 780Hz, 1.56KHz and
2.4KHz.
16/64
TDA7406
Description of the audioprocessor part
Figure 3.
4.2
Input-stages
AutoZero
The AutoZero allows a reduction of the number of pins as well as external components by
canceling any offset generated by or before the In-Gain-stage (Please notice that externally
generated offsets, e.g. generated through the leakage current of the coupling capacitors,
are not canceled).
The auto-zeroing is started every time the DATA-BYTE 0 is selected and needs max. 0.3ms
for the alignment. To avoid audible clicks the Audioprocessor have to be muted by soft mute
or hard mute during this time.
4.2.1
AutoZero for Stereodecoder-Selection
A special procedure is recommended for selecting the stereodecoder at the input-selector to
guarantee an optimum offset-cancellation:
(Step 0: SoftMute or Mute the signal-path)
Step 1: Temporary deselect the stereodecoder at the input-selector
Step 2: Configure the stereodecoder via IIC-Bus
Step 3: Wait 1ms
Step 4: Select the stereodecoder
17/64
Description of the audioprocessor part
TDA7406
The root cause of this procedure is, that after muting the stereodecoder (Step 1), the
internal stereodecoder filters have to settle in order to perform a proper offset-cancellation.
4.2.2
AutoZero-Remain
In some cases, for example if the µP is executing a refresh cycle of the IIC-Busprogramming, it is not useful to start a new AutoZero-action because no new source is
selected and an undesired mute would appear at the outputs. For such applications the
TDA7406 could be switched in the AutoZero-Remain-Mode (Bit 6 of the subaddress-byte).
If this bit is set to high, the DATABYTE 0 could be loaded without invoking the AutoZero and
the old adjustment-value remains.
4.2.3
PAUSE Detector
A pause detector stage with programmable threshold (40/80/160mV) is provided (see data
Byte 14).
The pause detector info is available at the PAUSE pin; a capacitor must be connected
between this pin and GND.
When the incoming signal is detected to be outside the selected window, the external
capacitor is discharged. When the signal is inside the window, the capacitor is integrating
up.
The pause status can be detected in two ways:
a)
reading directly the PAUSE pin level
Pause Off = level low (<3.0V)
Pause On = level high (>3.0V)
b)
by reading the I2C transmitted byte, bit P
P = 1 pause active
P = 0 no pause detected
The external capacitor value fixes the time constant. The pull up current is 25μA typical.
4.3
Loudness
There are four parameters programmable in the loudness stage:
18/64
●
Attenuation: 0 to -19dB attenuation in 1dB steps vs. frequency (see the response at fP
= 400Hz in Figure 4).
●
Peak Frequency: Four programmable peak frequencies: 200,400,600 and 800Hz (see
Figure 5).
●
Filter Order: First or second order frequency response (see Figure 6).
●
Flat mode: Selectable flat-mode. In flat mode the loudness stage works as a 0dB to 19dB attenuator.
TDA7406
Description of the audioprocessor part
Figure 4.
Loudness Attenuation @ fP = 400Hz.
0.0
-5.0
-10.0
dB
-15.0
-20.0
-25.0
10.0
Figure 5.
100.0
Hz
1.0K
10.0K
Loudness Center frequencies @ Attn. = 15dB
0.0
-5.0
dB
-10.0
-15.0
-20.0
10.0
100.0
1.0K
10.0K
Hz
Figure 6.
1st and 2nd Order Loudness @ Attn. = 15dB, fP=400Hz
0.0
-5.0
dB
-10.0
-15.0
-20.0
10.0
100.0
Hz
1.0K
10.0K
19/64
Description of the audioprocessor part
4.4
TDA7406
Soft Mute
The digitally controlled Soft Mute stage allows signal muting/demutingwith a programmable
slope. The Mute time is selectable among 4 values: 0.48, 0.96, 123 and 324ms. The mute
process can either be activated by the Soft Mute pin or via the I2C-bus. This slope is realized
in a special S-shaped curve to mute slow in the critical regions (see Figure 7).
For timing purposes the I2C-bus output register (Bit0 = SM read bit) is set to 1 from the start
of muting until the end of de-muting.
Figure 7.
Soft Mute-Timing
Note:
Please notice that a started Mute-action is always terminated and could not be interrupted
by a change of the mute -signal.
4.5
Volume Control
4.5.1
Gain/Attenuation Control
The volume control can range from a gain of 32dB up to an attenuation of 79dB; however it
is not recommended to use a gain higher than 20dB for performance reasons.
4.5.2
Soft Step Volume
When the speaker-level is changed, audible clicks could appear at the output. The root
cause of those clicks could either be a DC offset before the speaker-stage or the sudden
change of the envelope of the audio signal. With the SoftStep-feature both kinds of clicks
could be reduced to a minimum and are no more audible. The blend-time from one step to
the next is programmable with four different values: 320μs, 1.28ms, 5.12ms and 20.4ms.
20/64
TDA7406
Description of the audioprocessor part
Figure 8.
SoftStep-Timing for Volume
1dB
0.5dB
SS Time
-0.5dB
-1dB
Note:
For steps more than 0.5dB (Volume) or 1dB (Speaker) the SoftStep mode should be
deactivated because it could generate a hard 1dB step during blending.
4.6
The Seven Band Equalizer
4.6.1
Equalizer Filter
Each filter is realized as a switched capacitor with a 2nd order frequency response.
There are three parameters programmable in the equalizer filter:
●
Attenuation: ±15dB in 1db step resolution (Figure 9 shows the boost and cut response
as a function of frequency at a center frequency of 1kHz.)
●
Center Frequency: This parameter is programmable in the filter stages 1(62/100Hz),
6(4/6.34kHz) and 7(15/16kHz). The others bands are fixed at: 157, 396, 1K and 2.5K
Hertz (see Figure 10).
●
Quality Factors: The four possible quality factors are 1, 1.4, 1.8 and 2.2 (see
Figure 11).
The center frequency, Q, DC-mode and boost/cut can be set fully independently for each
filter. Figure 12 shows the superposition of all equalizer filter curves for different quality
factors.
21/64
Description of the audioprocessor part
Figure 9.
TDA7406
Equalizer filter control @ fCenter = 1kHz, Q = 1.0
15
dB
10
5
0
-5
-10
-15
20
100
10k
1k
20k
Hz
Figure 10. Center frequencies @ Gain = 15dB, Q = 1.0
16
dB
14
12
10
8
6
4
2
0
-2
10
100
Hz
1k
20k
Figure 11. Quality factors @ boost = 15dB, fCenter = 1kHz
16
dB
14
12
10
8
6
4
2
0
-2
10
22/64
100
1k
Hz
20k
TDA7406
Description of the audioprocessor part
Figure 12. Superposition of all EQ bands @ boost = 15dB
18
dB
16
14
12
10
8
6
4
2
0
10
4.6.2
1k
100
Hz
20k
DC-Mode
The filter stage 1 (62/100Hz) has a programmable +4dB DC-gain when the boost is set at
+15dB (See Figure 13).
Figure 13. EQ band1, normal- and DC-mode @ boost = 15 dB, fCenter = 62 Hz
16
dB
14
12
10
8
6
4
2
0
-1
1
10
100
1K
Hz
10K
Note:
The center frequency, Q, DC-mode and boost/cut can be set fully independently for each
filter.
4.7
Subwoofer Application
There is one separate subwoofer output. A low-pass filter stage at this output allows the
selection of three different frequencies: 80/120/160Hz. A high Pass Filter stage is present in
the main path with selectable 90/135/180/215Hz frequencies. Both filters, the low-pass as
well as the high-pass filter can be disabled and have butterworth characteristics so that their
23/64
Description of the audioprocessor part
TDA7406
cutoff frequencies are not equal but shifted by the factor 1.125 to get a flat frequency
response (see Figure 14).
Figure 14. Subwoofer Application with Lowpass @ 80/120/160Hz and HighPass @
90/135/180Hz
0.0
-10.0
-20.0
dB
-30.0
-40.0
-50.0
10.0
4.8
100.0
Hz
1.0K
10.0K
Spectrum analyzer
A fully integrated seven band spectrum analyzer with programmable quality factor is present
in the IC (Figure 15).
The spectrum analyzer consists of seven band pass filters with a rectifier and sample
capacitor which stores the maximum peak signal level since the last read cycle. This peak
signal level can be read by a microprocessor at the SAout pin. To allow easy interfacing to a
microprocessor analog port, the output voltage at this pin is referred to device ground.
The microprocessor starts a read cycle when there is a clock edge going negative at the
SAclk input. On the following positive clock edges, the peak signal level for the band pass
filters is subsequently switched to SAout. Each analog output data is valid after the time
tSAdel.
A reset of the sample capacitors is induced whenever SAclk remains high for the time tintres.
Note that a proper reset requires the clock signal SAclk to be held at high potential. Figure 15
shows the block diagram and Figure 16 illustrates the read cycle timing of the spectrum
analyzer.
The spectrum analyzer minimum repeat time is 50ms.
4.8.1
Spectrum Analyzer Filters
Each filter is realized as a switched capacitor with a 2nd order frequency response. The
center frequency of the filter stages are: 62,157, 396, 1K, 2.51K, 6.34k and 16kHz. It is
possible to choose between two different filter quality factors: 1.8 and 3.5.
24/64
TDA7406
Description of the audioprocessor part
Figure 15. Spectrum analyzer block diagram
Figure 16. Timing spectrum analyzer
4.9
AC-coupling
In some applications additional signal manipulations are desired. For this purpose an ACcoupling is placed before the speaker-attenuators, which can be activated or internally
shorted by I²C-Bus. In short condition the input-signal of the speaker-attenuator is available
at the AC-outputs. The input-impedance of this AC-inputs is 50kΩ. In addition there are MixIn
inputs available. With this inputs it is possible to mix an external signal to every speaker with
a mixing ratio of 50% (see Figure 17).
The source of front and rear speaker can be set independently. As source is possible to
choose:
–
internal dc coupling (not recommended)
–
external ac coupling using ACIn pins
–
external ac coupling using MixIn pins
–
mixing of ACIn and MixIn pins (mixing ratio: 50%)
If the MixIn pins of the rear speaker are not used this inputs can be used as mixing inputs for
the internal subwoofer filter.
25/64
Description of the audioprocessor part
TDA7406
Figure 17. AC/DC-coupling and MixIn Inputs
4.10
Speaker-Attenuator stage
Each of the four speakers and the subwoofer output has a separate volume control in the
range: +15... -79dB plus mute with a typical value of -90dB.
4.11
Output Mixer
A Mixing-stage is placed after each speaker gain/attenuator stage and can be set
independently to mixing-mode.
Having a full volume control for the Mix-signal in the range:+15... -79dB plus mute with a
typical value of -90dB, the stage offers a wide flexibility to adapt the mixing levels.
Figure 18. Output Selector
4.12
Audioprocessor Testing
During the Test Mode, which can be activated by setting bit I2 of the subaddress byte and
D0 of the audioprocessor testing byte, several internal signals are available at the Navi pin.
During this mode the input resistance of 100kΩ is disconnected from the pin. The internal
signals available are shown in the Data-byte specification.
26/64
TDA7406
Stereodecoder part
5
Stereodecoder part
5.1
Features:
●
No external components necessary
●
PLL with adjustment free, fully integrated VCO
●
Automatic pilot dependent MONO/STEREO switching
●
Very high suppression of intermodulation and interference
●
Programmable Roll-Off compensation
●
Dedicated RDS-Softmute
●
Highcut and Stereoblend-characteristics programmable in a wide range
●
FM/AM noiseblanker with several threshold controls
●
Multipath-detector with programmable internal/external influence
●
I2C-bus control of all necessary functions
5.2
Stereodecoder electrical characteristics
Table 5.
Stereodecoder electrical characteristics
VS = 9V, de-emphasis time constant = 50µs, MPX input voltage VMPX = 500mV (75kHz
deviation), modulation frequency = 1kHz, input gain = 6dB, Tamb = 27°C, unless
otherwise specified.
Symbol
Parameter
Test Conditions
Min.
Input Gain = 3.5dB
Typ.
Max.
Unit
0.5
1.25
Vrms
Vin
MPX Input Level
Rin
Input Resistance
70
100
130
kΩ
Gmin
Min. Input Gain
1.5
3.5
4.5
dB
Gmax
Max. Input Gain
8.5
11
12.5
dB
Gstep
Step Resolution
1.75
2.5
3.25
dB
SVRR
Supply Voltage Ripple Rejection
Vripple = 100mV, f = 1kHz
30
60
dB
50
dB
a
Max. Channel Separation
THD
Total Harmonic Distortion
fin=1kHz, mono
S + N------------N
Signal plus Noise to Noise Ratio
A-weighted, S = 2Vrms
80
91
0.02
0.3
%
dB
MONO/STEREO-SWITCH
VPTHST1
Pilot Threshold Voltage
for Stereo, PTH = 1
10
15
25
mV
VPTHST0
Pilot Threshold Voltage
for Stereo, PTH = 0
15
25
35
mV
VPTHMO1 Pilot Threshold Voltage
for Mono, PTH = 1
7
12
17
mV
VPTHMO0 Pilot Threshold Voltage
for Mono, PTH = 0
10
19
25
mV
27/64
Stereodecoder part
Table 5.
Symbol
TDA7406
Stereodecoder electrical characteristics (continued)
VS = 9V, de-emphasis time constant = 50µs, MPX input voltage VMPX = 500mV (75kHz
deviation), modulation frequency = 1kHz, input gain = 6dB, Tamb = 27°C, unless
otherwise specified.
Parameter
Test Conditions
Min.
Typ.
Max.
Unit
PLL
Δf/f
Capture Range
0.5
%
DEEMPHASIS and HIGHCUT
τDeempFM De-emphasis Time constants FM
MFM
Highcut Time constant Multiplier
FM
REF5V
25
50
75
µs
VLEVEL >> VHCH
44
62.5
80
µs
VLEVEL >> VHCH
50
75
100
µs
VLEVEL >> VHCH
70
100
130
µs
VLEVEL << VHCL
3
VLEVEL >> VHCH
37.5
µs
VLEVEL >> VHCH
47
µs
VLEVEL >> VHCH
56
µs
VLEVEL >> VHCH
75
µs
High cut Time constant Multiplier
VLEVEL << VHCL
AM
3.7
τDeempAM De-emphasis Time constants AM
MAM
VLEVEL >> VHCH
Internal Reference Voltage
4.7
5
5.3
V
Lmin
min. LEVEL Gain
-1
0
+1
dB
Lmaxs
max. LEVEL Gain
5
6
7
dB
LGstep
LEVEL Gain Step Resolution
0.2
0.4
0.6
dB
VSBLmin Min. Voltage for Mono
17
20
23
%REF5V
VSBLmax Max. Voltage for Mono
62
70
78
%REF5V
VSBLstep Step Resolution
1.6
3.3
5.0
%REF5V
VHCHmin Min. Voltage for NO Highcut
77
42
47
%REF5V
VHCHmax Max. Voltage for NO Highcut
58
66
74
%REF5V
VHCHstep Step Resolution
4.2
8.4
12.6
%REF5V
VHCLmin Min. Voltage for FULL High cut
15
17
19
%VHCH
VHCLmax Max. Voltage for FULL High cut
29
33
37
%VHCH
VHCLstep Step Resolution
2.1
4.2
6.3
%REF5V
40
50
dB
Carrier and harmonic suppression at the output
α19
Pilot Signalf=19kHz
α38
Subcarrier f=38kHz
75
dB
α57
Subcarrier f=57kHz
62
dB
α76
Subcarrier f=76kHz
90
dB
28/64
TDA7406
Table 5.
Stereodecoder part
Stereodecoder electrical characteristics (continued)
VS = 9V, de-emphasis time constant = 50µs, MPX input voltage VMPX = 500mV (75kHz
deviation), modulation frequency = 1kHz, input gain = 6dB, Tamb = 27°C, unless
otherwise specified.
Symbol
Parameter
Test Conditions
Min.
Typ.
Max.
Unit
Intermodulation (Note 1)
α2
fmod=10kHz, fspur=1kHz
65
dB
α3
fmod=13kHz, fspur=1kHz
75
dB
70
dB
75
dB
Traffic Radio (Note 2)
α57
Signal f=57kHz
SCA - Subsidiary Communications Authorization (Note 3)
α67
Signal f=67kHz
ACI - Adjacent Channel Interference (Note 4)
α114
Signal f=114kHz
95
dB
α190
Signal f=190kHz
84
dB
Notes to the characteristics:
1. Intermodulation Suppression:
V O ( signal ) ( at1kHz )
α2 = --------------------------------------------------- ; f = (2 x 10kHz) - 19kHz
V O ( spurious ) ( at1kHz ) s
V O ( signal ) ( at1kHz )
- ; f = (3 x 13kHz) - 38kHz
α3 = --------------------------------------------------V O ( spurious ) ( at1kHz ) s
measured with: 91% pilot signal; fm = 10kHz or 13kHz.
2. Traffic Radio (V.F.) Suppression:
V O ( signal ) ( at1kHz )
α57 ( V.W > F. ) = ----------------------------------------------------------------------V O ( spurious ) ( at1kHz ± 23kHz )
measured with: 91% stereo signal; 9% pilot signal; fm= 1 kHz; 5% subcarrier (f = 57kHz, fm = 23Hz AM, m = 60%)
3. SCA (Subsidiary Communications Authorization)
V O ( signal ) ( at1kHz )
- ; F =(2 x 38kHz) - 67kHz
α67 = --------------------------------------------------V O ( spurious ) ( at9kHz ) s
measured with: 81% mono signal; 9% pilot signal; fm = 1kHz; 10%SCA - subcarrier ( fs = 67kHz, unmodulated ).
4. ACI ( Adjacent Channel Interference ):
V O ( signal ) ( at1kHz )
α114 = --------------------------------------------------- ; F = 110kHz - (3 x 38kHz)
V O ( spurious ) ( at4kHz ) s
V O ( signal ) ( at1kHz )
α190 = --------------------------------------------------- ; Fs = 186kHz - (5 x 38kHz)
V O ( spurious ) ( at4kHz )
measured with: 90% mono signal; 9% pilot signal; fm =1kHz; 1% spurious signal( fs = 110kHz or 186kHz, unmodulated).
29/64
Stereodecoder part
5.3
TDA7406
Dual MPX Usage
0.0.1 Feature Description
The TDA7406 is able to support a twin tuner concept via the Dual-MPX-Mode. The DCVoltage at the CMPX-pin controls whether one or both MPX-signals are used to decode the
stereo FM-signal. Therefor two window-comparators with a characteristic as shown in
Figure 19 are implemented (Please note that the thresholds have a hysteresis of 500mV).
In this mode the stereodecoder high impedance-mute mutes both inputs in parallel.
Figure 19. Block diagram Dual MPX
30/64
TDA7406
Noise blanker part
6
Noise blanker part
6.1
Features:
●
AM and FM mode
●
internal 2nd order 140kHz high-pass filter for MPX path
●
internal rectifier and filters for AM-IF path
●
programmable trigger thresholds
●
trigger threshold dependent on high frequency noise with programmable gain
●
additional circuits for deviation- and fieldstrength-dependent trigger adjustment
●
4 selectable pulse suppression times for each mode
●
programmable noise rectifier charge/discharge current
6.2
Noise blanker electrical characteristics
Table 6.
Noise blanker electrical characteristics
All parameters measured in FM mode if not otherwise specified.
Symbol
VTR
VTRNOISE
VRECT
Parameter
Trigger Threshold(1)
noise controlled
Trigger Threshold
Rectifier Voltage
Deviation dependent
VRECTDEV
Rectifier Voltage
Test conditions
meas.with
VPEAK=0.9V
meas.with
VPEAK=1.5V
Min.
Typ.
Max.
Unit
111
30
mVOP
110
35
mVOP
101
40
mVOP
100
45
mVOP
011
50
mVOP
010
55
mVOP
001
60
mVOP
000
65
mVOP
00
260
mVOP
01
220
mVOP
10
180
mVOP
11
140
mVOP
VMPX=0mV
0.5
0.9
1.3
V
VMPX=50mV, f=150kHz
1.5
1.7
2.1
V
VMPX=200mV, f=150kHz
2
2.5
2.9
V
0.5
0.9
1.7
2.5
0.9 (off)
1.2
2.0
2.8
1.3
1.5
2.3
3.1
VOP
VOP
VOP
VOP
meas.with
VMPX=500mV
(75kHz dev.)
11
10
01
00
31/64
Noise blanker part
Table 6.
Symbol
TDA7406
Noise blanker electrical characteristics (continued)
All parameters measured in FM mode if not otherwise specified.
Parameter
Test conditions
Min.
Typ.
Max.
Unit
0.5
0.9
1.7
2.1
0.9 (off)
1.4
1.9
2.4
1.3
1.5
2.3
3.1
V
V
V
V
meas.with
VMPX=0mV,
VLEVEL<<
VSBL
(fully mono)
11
10
01
00
Signal HOLDN
in Testmode
00
01
10
11
38
25.5
32
22
µs
µs
µs
µs
Signal HOLDN
in Testmode
00
01
10
11
1.2
800
1.0
640
ms
µs
ms
µs
Noise rectifier discharge
adjustment
Signal PEAK
in Testmode
00
01
10
11
0.3
0.8
1.3
2.0
V/ms
SRPEAK
Noise rectifier
charge
Signal PEAK
in Testmode
0
1
10
20
mV/µs
VADJMP
Noise rectifier adjustment
through
Multipath
Signal PEAK
in Testmode
00
01
10
11
0.3
0.5
0.7
0.9
V/ms
VRECTFS
TSFM
TSAM
VRECTADJ
RAMIF
Fieldstrength
controlled Rectifier
Voltage
Suppression Pulse Duration FM
Suppression Pulse Duration AM
AM IF Input resistance
35
GAMIF,min min. gain AM IF
Signal AM-RECTIFIER in
Testmode
GAMIF,max max. gain AM IF
GAMIF,step step gain AM IF
fAMIF,min
min. fc AM IF
Signal AM-RECTIFIER in
Testmode
fAMIF,max max. fc AM IF
50
65
6
dB
20
dB
2
dB
14
kHz
56
kHz
1. All thresholds are measured using a pulse with TR = 2 µs, THIGH= 2 µs and TF = 10 µs. The repetition rate must not
increase the PEAK voltage.
V
in
V
op
DC
T im e
TR
32/64
T HIGH
T
F
kΩ
TDA7406
Noise blanker part
Figure 20. Trigger Threshold vs. VPEAK
V TH
260m V (00)
220m V (01)
180m V (1 0)
140m V (1 1)
M IN. TR IG . T HR ES H O LD
N O ISE C O N T R O LLE D T RIG . TH R ES H O LD
65m V
8 STEPS
30m V
0.9V
V P EA K [V ]
1.5V
Figure 21. Deviation Controlled Trigger Adjustment
VP E A K
[V
OP
]
00
2.8
01
2.0
10
1.2
0.9
D etector off (11)
20
3 2.5
45
D EV IA TIO N [KH z]
75
Figure 22. Fieldstrength Controlled Trigger Adjustment
VP E A K
M O NO
S T ER E O
≈ 3V
2 .4V (00)
1 .9V (01)
1.4V (10)
N O IS E
0 .9 V
A TC _S B O F F (11)
n oisy s ig n al
g ood sign al
E'
33/64
Multipath detector
TDA7406
7
Multipath detector
7.1
Features:
●
internal 19kHz band-pass filter
●
programmable band-pass- and rectifier-gain
●
selectable internal influence on Stereoblend and/or Highcut
7.2
Multipath detector electrical characteristics
Table 7.
Multipath detector electrical characteristics
Symbol
fCMP
GBPMP
GRECTM
Parameter
Center frequency of MultipathBandpass
Test Conditions
stereodecoder locked on Pilot
tone
Min.
Typ.
Max.
Unit
19
kHz
G1
6
dB
G2
12
dB
G3
16
dB
G4
18
dB
G1
7.6
dB
G2
4.6
dB
G3
0
dB
0.25
0.5
µA
4
mA
Bandpass Gain
Rectifier Gain
P
ICHMP
Rectifier Charge Current
IDISMP
Rectifier Discharge Current
Quality Detector
A
34/64
Multipath Influence Factor
00
01
10
11
0.70
0.85
1.00
1.15
TDA7406
8
Functional Description of Stereodecoder
Functional Description of Stereodecoder
Figure 23. Block diagram of the stereodecoder
The stereodecoder-part of the TDA7406 (see Fig. 25) contains all functions necessary to
demodulate the MPX-signal like pilot tone-dependent MONO/STEREO-switching as well as
“stereoblend” and “highcut”. Adaptations like programmable input gain, roll-off
compensation, selectable de-emphasis time constant and a programmable field strength
input allow to use different IF-devices.
8.1
Stereodecoder-Mute
The TDA7406 has a fast and easy to control RDS-Mute function which is a combination of
the audioprocessor's SoftMute and the high-ohmic mute of the stereodecoder. If the
stereodecoder is selected and a SoftMute command is sent (or activated through the SMpin) the stereodecoder will be set automatically to the high-ohmic mute condition after the
audio-signal has been soft muted. Hence a checking of alternate frequencies could be
performed. Additionally the PLL can be set to “Hold”-mode, which disables the PLL input
during the mute time. To release the system from the mute condition simply the unmutecommand must be sent: the stereodecoder is unmuted immediately and the audioprocessor
is softly unmuted. Figure 28 shows the output-signal VO as well as the internal
stereodecoder mute signal. This influence of SoftMute on the stereodecoder mute can be
switched off by setting bit 3 of the SoftMute byte to “0”. A stereodecoder mute command (bit
0, stereodecoder byte set to “1”) will set the stereodecoder in any case independently to the
high-ohmic mute state.
If any other source than the stereodecoder is selected the decoder remains muted and the
MPX-pin is connected to Vref to avoid any discharge of the coupling capacitor through
leakage currents. No further mute command should be applied.
35/64
Functional Description of Stereodecoder
TDA7406
Figure 24. Signals during stereodecoder's SoftMute
Figure 25. Signal-Control via SoftMute-Pin
8.2
InGain + InFilter
The InGain stage allows to adjust the MPX-signal to an internal magnitude of about 1Vrms
which is the recommended value. The 4.th order input filter has a corner frequency of 80kHz
and is used to attenuate spikes and noise and acts as an anti-aliasing filter for the following
switch capacitor filters.
8.3
Demodulator
In the demodulator block the left and the right channel are separated from the MPX-signal.
In this stage also the 19-kHz pilot tone is cancelled. For reaching a high channel separation
the TDA7406 offers an I2C-bus programmable roll-off adjustment which is able to
compensate the lowpass behavior of the tuner section. If the tuner's attenuation at 38kHz is
in a range from 7.2% to 31.0% the TDA7406 needs no external network in front of the MPXpin. Within this range an adjustment to obtain at least 40dB channel separation is possible.
The bits for this adjustment are located together with the fieldstrength adjustment in one
byte. This gives the possibility to perform an optimization step during the production of the
car radio where the channel separation and the fieldstrength control are trimmed. The setup
of the Stereoblend characteristics which is programmable in a wide range is described in
Section 8.8.
36/64
TDA7406
8.4
Functional Description of Stereodecoder
De-emphasis and Highcut
The de-emphasis-lowpass allows to choose a time constant between 37.5 and 100µs. The
highcut control range will be 2 x τDeemp or 2.7 x τDeemp dependent on the selected time
constant (see programming section). The bit D7 of the hightcut-byte will shift time constant
and range.
Inside the highcut control range (between VHCH and VHCL) the LEVEL signal is converted
into a 5 bit word which controls the lowpass time constant between τDeemp...3 (3.7) x τDeemp.
Thereby the resolution will remain always 5 bits independently of the absolute voltage range
between the VHCH- and VHCL-values. In addition the maximum attenuation can be fixed
between 2 and 10dB.
The highcut function can be switched off by I2C-bus (bit D7, Highcut byte set to “0”).
The setup of the highcut characteristics is described in Section 8.9.
8.5
PLL and Pilot tone-Detector
The PLL has the task to lock on the 19kHz pilot tone during a stereo-transmission to allow a
correct demodulation. The included pilot tone-detector enables the demodulation if the pilot
tone reaches the selected pilot tone threshold VPTHST. Two different thresholds are
available. The detector output (signal STEREO, see Block diagram) can be checked by
reading the status byte of the TDA7406 via I2C-bus. During a Softmute the PLL can be set
into “Hold”-mode which freezes the PLL's state (bit D4, Softmute byte). After releasing the
Softmute the PLL will again follow the input signal only by correcting the phase error.
8.6
Fieldstrength Control
The fieldstrength input is used to control the highcut- and the stereoblend-function. In
addition the signal can be also used to control the noiseblanker thresholds and as input for
the multipath detector. These additional functions are described in sections 5.3 and 6.
8.7
LEVEL-Input and -Gain
To suppress undesired high frequency modulation on the highcut- and stereoblend-control
signal the LEVEL signal is lowpass filtered firstly. The filter is a combination of a 1.st-order
RC-lowpass at 53kHz (working as anti-aliasing filter) and a 1.st-order switched-capacitorlowpass at 2.2kHz. The second stage is a programmable gain stage to adapt the LEVEL
signal internally to different IF-devices (see Testmode section 5: LEVELHCC). The gain is
widely programmable in 16 steps from 0dB to 6dB (step=0.4dB). These 4 bits are located
together with the Roll-Off bits in the “Stereodecoder-Adjustment”-byte to simplify a possible
adjustment during the production of the car radio. This signal controls directly the Highcut
stage whereas the signal is filtered again (fc=100Hz) before the stereoblend stage (see
Figure 26).
8.8
Stereoblend Control
The stereoblend control block converts the internal LEVEL-voltage (LEVELSB) into an
demodulator compatible analog signal which is used to control the channel separation
37/64
Functional Description of Stereodecoder
TDA7406
between 0dB and the maximum separation. Internally this control range has a fixed upper
limit which is the internal reference voltage REF5V. The lower limit can be programmed
between 20 and 70% of REF5V in 3.3% steps (see figs.26, 27).
To adjust the external LEVEL-voltage to the internal range two values must be defined: the
LEVEL gain LG and VSBL (see Figure 27). At the point of full channel separation the
external level signal has to be amplified so that internally it becomes equal to REF5V. The
second point (e.g. 10dB channel sep.) is then adjusted with the VSBL voltage.
Figure 26. Internal stereoblend characteristics
The gain can be programmed through 4 bits in the “Stereodecoder-Adjustment”-byte. All
necessary internal reference voltages like REF5V are derived from a bandgap circuit.
Therefore they have a temperature coefficient near zero.
Figure 27. Relation between internal and external LEVEL-voltages for setup of
Stereoblend
70
20
8.9
Highcut Control
The highcut control set-up is similar to the stereoblend control set-up: the starting point
VHCH can be set with 2 bits to be 42, 50, 58 or 66% of REF5V whereas the range can be
set to be 17, 22, 28 or 33% of VHCH (see Figure 28).
38/64
TDA7406
Functional Description of Stereodecoder
Figure 28. Highcut characteristics
39/64
Functional description of the noiseblanker
9
TDA7406
Functional description of the noiseblanker
In the automotive environment the MPX-signal as well as the AM-signal is disturbed by
spikes produced by the ignition and other radiating sources like the wiper-motor. The aim of
the noiseblanker part is to cancel the audible influence of the spikes. Therefore the output of
the stereodecoder is held at the actual voltage for a time between 22 and 38µs in FM (370
and 645µs in AM-mode). The block diagram of the noiseblanker is given in Figure 29.
Figure 29. Block diagram of the noiseblanker
In a first stage the spikes must be detected but to avoid a wrong triggering on high
frequency (white) noise a complex trigger control is implemented. Behind the trigger stage a
pulse former generates the “blanking”-pulse.
9.1
Trigger Path FM
The incoming MPX signal is highpass-filtered, amplified and rectified. This second order
highpass-filter has a corner-frequency of 140kHz. The rectified signal, RECT, is integrated
(lowpass filtered) to generate a signal called PEAK. The DC-charge/discharge behavior can
be adjusted as well as the transient behavior (MP-discharge control). Also noise with a
frequency 140kHz increases the PEAK voltage. The PEAK voltage is fed to a threshold
generator, which adds to the PEAK-voltage a DC-dependent threshold VTH. Both signals,
RECT and PEAK+VTH are fed to a comparator which triggers a re-triggerable flip-flop. The
flip-flop's output activates the sample-and-hold circuits in the signal path for the selected
duration.
9.2
Noise Controlled Threshold Adjustment (NCT)
There are mainly two independent possibilities for programming the trigger threshold:
1.
the low threshold in 8 steps (bits D1 to D3 of the noiseblanker-byte I)
2.
and the noise adjusted threshold in 4 steps (bits D4 and D5 of the noiseblanker-byte I,
see Figure 20).
The low threshold is active in combination with a good MPX signal without noise; the PEAK
voltage is less than 1V. The sensitivity in this operation is high.
If the MPX signal is noisy (low fieldstrength) the PEAK voltage increases due to the higher
noise, which is also rectified. With increasing of the PEAK voltage the trigger threshold
increases, too. This gain is programmable in 4 steps (see Figure 22).
40/64
TDA7406
Functional description of the noiseblanker
9.3
Additional Threshold Control Mechanism
9.3.1
Automatic Threshold Control by the Stereoblend voltage
Besides the noise controlled threshold adjustment there is an additional possibility for
influencing the trigger threshold which depends on the stereoblend control.
The point where the MPX signal starts to become noisy is fixed by the RF part. Therefore
also the starting point of the normal noise-controlled trigger adjustment is fixed (fig. 20). In
some cases the behavior of the noiseblanker can be improved by increasing the threshold
even in a region of higher fieldstrength. Sometimes a wrong triggering occurs for the MPX
signal often shows distortion in this range which can be avoided even if using a low
threshold. Because of the overlap of this range and the range of the stereo/mono transition it
can be controlled by stereoblend. This increase of the threshold is programmable in 3 steps
or switched off.
9.3.2
Over Deviation Detector
If the system is tuned to stations with a high deviation the noiseblanker can trigger on the
higher frequencies of the modulation or distortion. To avoid this behavior, which causes
audible noise in the output signal, the noiseblanker offers a deviation-dependent threshold
adjustment. By rectifying the MPX signal a further signal representing the actual deviation is
obtained. It is used to increase the PEAK voltage. Offset and gain of this circuit are
programmable in 3 steps with the bits D6 and D7 of the noiseblanker-byte I (bit combination
'00' turns off the detector, see Figure 21).
9.3.3
Multipath-Level
To react on high repetitive spikes caused by a Multipath-situation, the discharge-time of the
PEAK voltage can be decreased depending on the voltage-level at pin MPout. The TDA7406
offers a linear as well as a threshold driven control. The linear influence of the MultipathLevel on the PEAK-signal (D7 of Multipath-Control-Byte) gives a discharge slewrate of
1V/ms1. The second possibility is to activate the threshold driven discharge which switches
on the 18kOhm discharge if the Multipath-Level is below 2.5V (D7 of noiseblanker-byte IIbyte).
1
9.3.4
The slewrate is measured with RDischarge=infinite and VMPout=2.5V
AM mode of the Noiseblanker
The TDA7406 noiseblanker is also suitable for AM noise cancelling. The detector uses in
AM mode the 450kHz unfiltered IF-output of the tuner for spike detection. A combination of
programmable gain-stage and lowpass-filter forms an envelope detector which drives the
noiseblanker's input via a 120kHz 1.st order highpass. In order to blank the whole spike in
AM mode the hold-times of the sample and hold circuit are much longer then in FM (640µs
to 1.2ms). All threshold controls can be used like in FM mode.
41/64
Functional description of the multipath-detector
10
TDA7406
Functional description of the multipath-detector
Using the Multipath-Detector the audible effects of a multipath condition can be minimized.
A multipath-condition is detected by rectifying the spectrum around 19kHz in the
fieldstrength signal. An external capacitor is used to define the attack- and decay-times for
the Stereoblend (see block diagram, fig. 32). Due to the very small charge currents this
capacitor should be a low leakage current type (e.g ceramic). Using this configuration an
adaptation to the user's requirement is possible without effecting the “normal” fieldstrength
input (LEVEL) for the stereodecoder. This application is given in fig. 28. Another (internal)
time constant is used to control the Highcut through the multipath detector
Selecting the “internal influence” in the configuration byte the Stereo-Blend and/or the
Highcut is automatically invoked during a multipath condition according to the voltage
appearing at the MP_OUT-pin.
Figure 30. Block diagram of the Multipath-Detector
42/64
TDA7406
11
Quality detector
Quality detector
The TDA7406 offers a quality detector output which gives a voltage representing the FMreception conditions. To calculate this voltage the MPX-noise and the multipath-detector
output are summed according to the following formula:
VQual = 1.6 (VNoise-0.8 V)+ a (REF5V-VMpout).
The noise-signal is the PEAK-signal without additional influences (see noiseblanker
description). The factor 'a' can by programmed from 0.7 to 1.15. The output is a low
impedance output able to drive external circuitry as well as simply fed to an AD-converter for
RDS applications.
43/64
Testmode
12
TDA7406
Testmode
During the Testmode, which can be activated by setting bit I2 of the subaddress byte and bit
D1 of the stereodecoder testing-byte, several internal signals are available at the FD2R+
pin. During this mode the input resistance of 100kOhm is disconnected from the pin. The
internal signals available are shown in the Data-byte specification
44/64
TDA7406
I2C bus interface
13
I2C bus interface
13.1
Interface Protocol
The interface protocol comprises:
–
a start condition (S)
–
a chip address byte (the LSB bit determines read / write transmission)
–
a subaddress byte
–
a sequence of data (N-bytes + acknowledge)
–
a stop condition (P)
CHIP ADDRESS
SUBADDRESS
MSB
LSB
MSB
S 1 0 0 0 1 1 0 R/W ACK T AZ
I
A
A
A
DATA 1...DATA n
LSB
MSB
A A ACK
LSB
DATA
ACK
P
S = Start
R/W = “0” -> Receive-Mode (Chip could be programmed by µP)
“1” -> Transmission-Mode (Data could be received by µP)
ACK = Acknowledge
P = Stop
MAX CLOCK SPEED 500kbits/s
13.1.1
Auto increment
If bit I in the subaddress byte is set to “1”, the auto increment of the subaddress is enabled.
13.1.2
TRANSMITTED DATA (send mode)
MSB
X
LSB
X
X
X
X
P
ST
SM
SM = Soft mute activated
ST = Stereo
P = Pause
X = Not Used
The transmitted data is automatically updated after each ACK.
Transmission can be repeated without new chip address.
13.1.3
Reset Condition
A Power-On-Reset is invoked if the Supply-Voltage is below than 3.5V. After that, the
following data is written automatically into the registers of all subaddresses:
MSB
1
LSB
1
1
1
1
1
1
0
The programming after POR is marked bold-face / underlined in the programming tables.
With this programming all the outputs are muted to VREF (VOUT= VDD/2).
45/64
I2C bus interface
13.2
TDA7406
Subaddress (receive mode)
Table 8.
Subaddress (receive mode)
MSB
LSB
FUNCTION
I2
I1
I0
A4
A3
A2
A1
A0
0
1
0
1
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
46/64
0
0
0
0
10
0
0
0
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
0
0
0
0
1
1
1
1
0
0
0
0
1
1
1
1
0
0
0
0
1
1
1
1
0
0
0
0
1
1
1
1
0
0
1
1
0
0
1
1
0
0
1
1
0
0
1
1
0
0
1
1
0
0
1
1
0
0
1
1
0
0
1
1
0
1
0
1
0
1
0
1
0
1
0
1
0
1
0
1
0
1
0
1
0
1
0
1
0
1
0
1
0
1
0
1
Audioprocessor Testmode
off
on
AutoZero Remain
off
on
Auto-Increment Mode
off
on
Subaddress
Source Selector
Loudness
Volume
EQ Filter 1 (62/100Hz)
EQ Filter 2 (157Hz)
EQ Filter 3 (396Hz)
EQ Filter 4 (1kHz)
EQ Filter 5 (2.51kHz)
EQ Filter 6 (4/6.34kHz)
EQ Filter 7 (15/16kHz)
Mixing Programming
SoftMute
Subwoofer / Spectrum analyzer / HighPass
Configuration Audioprocessor I
Configuration Audioprocessor II
Speaker attenuator LF
Speaker attenuator RF
Speaker attenuator LR
Speaker attenuator RR
Subwoofer attenuator
Mixing Level Control
Testing Audioprocessor
Stereodecoder
Noise-Blanker I
Noise-Blanker II
AM / AM-Noiseblanker
High-Cut Control
Fieldstrength & Quality
Multipath-Detector
Stereodecoder Adjustment
Configuration Stereodecoder
Testing Sterodecoder
TDA7406
13.3
I2C bus interface
Data byte specification
The status after Power-On-Reset is marked bold-face / underlined in the programming
tables.
Table 9.
Input Selector (0)
MSB
LSB
FUNCTION
D7
D6
0
0
:
1
1
D5
0
0
:
1
1
D4
0
0
:
1
1
D3
D2
D1
D0
0
0
0
0
1
1
1
1
0
0
1
1
0
0
1
1
0
1
0
1
0
1
0
1
0
1
:
0
1
0
1
Table 10.
Source Selector
CDC/PD
CD
MD
Tape
Phone
Navi
Tuner
TIM
Input Gain
0dB
1dB
:
14dB
15dB
Mute
off
on
Loudness (1)
MSB
LSB
FUNCTION
D7
D6
0
0
1
1
0
1
D5
0
1
0
1
D4
D3
D2
D1
D0
0
0
:
0
0
:
1
:
0
0
:
1
1
:
0
:
0
0
:
1
1
:
0
:
0
0
:
1
1
:
1
:
0
1
:
0
1
:
1
:
Attenuation
0 dB
-1 dB
:
-14 dB
-15 dB
:
-19 dB
not allowed
Center Frequency
200Hz
400Hz
600Hz
800Hz
Loudness Order
First Order
Second Order
47/64
I2C bus interface
TDA7406
Table 11.
Volume (2)
MSB
LSB
ATTENUATION
Note:
D7
D6
D5
D4
D3
D2
D1
D0
0
0
:
0
0
0
:
0
0
0
:
1
1
0
0
:
0
0
0
:
0
1
1
:
1
1
0
0
:
0
0
0
:
1
0
0
:
0
0
0
0
:
1
1
1
:
1
0
0
:
1
1
0
0
:
1
1
1
:
1
0
0
:
1
1
0
0
:
0
0
0
:
1
0
0
:
1
1
0
0
:
0
0
1
:
1
0
0
:
1
1
0
1
:
0
1
0
:
1
0
1
:
0
1
Gain/Attenuation
(+32.0dB)
(+31.5dB)
:
+20.0dB
+19.5dB
+19.0dB
:
+0.5dB
0.0dB
-0.5dB
:
-79.0dB
-79.5dB
It is not recommended to use a gain more than 20dB for system performance reason. In
general, the max. gain should be limited by software to the maximum value, which is needed
for the system.
Table 12.
Equalizer (3,4,5,6,7,8,9)
MSB
LSB
FUNCTION
D7
D6
0
0
1
1
48/64
D5
0
1
0
1
D4
D3
D2
D1
D0
0
0
:
0
0
1
1
:
1
1
0
0
:
1
1
1
1
:
0
0
0
0
:
1
1
1
1
:
0
0
0
0
:
1
1
1
1
:
0
0
0
1
:
0
1
1
0
:
1
0
Equalizer cut/boost level
-15dB
-14dB
:
-1dB
0dB
0dB
+1dB
:
+14dB
+15dB
Equalizer Q-Factor
2.2
1.8
1.4
1.0
0
1
Equalizer Center Frequency (only
Subaddresses 3,8,9)
62Hz(addr 3)/4kHz(addr 8)/15kHz(addr 9)
100Hz(addr 3)/6.24kHz(addr 8)/16kHz(addr 9)
0
1
DC mode EQ Band 1 (62/100 Hz, Subaddress. 4!)
on
off
TDA7406
I2C bus interface
Table 13.
Mixing Programming (10)
MSB
LSB
FUNCTION
D7
D6
D5
D4
D3
D2
D1
D0
0
1
0
0
1
1
0
1
0
1
0
1
0
1
0
1
0
1
1
Table 14.
Mixing
Mute
enable
Mixing Source
Beep
Phone
Navi
Tuner / TIM
Mixing Target
Speaker LF off
Speaker LF on
Speaker RF off
Speaker RF on
Speaker LR off
Speaker LR on
Speaker RR off
Speaker RR on
must be “1”
SoftMute (11)
MSB
LSB
FUNCTION
D7
D6
D5
D4
D3
D2
D1
D0
0
1
0
0
1
1
0
1
0
1
0
1
0
0
1
1
0
1
0
1
0
1
0
1
SoftMute
On (Mute)
Off
SoftMute Time
Mute time = 0.48ms
Mute time = 0.96ms
Mute time = 123ms
Mute time = 324 ms
Influence on Stereodecoder Highohmic-Mute
on
off
Influence on Pilot-detector Hold and MP-Hold
on
off
Influence on SoftMute
on
off
Beep Frequencies
600 Hz
780 Hz
1.56 kHz
2.4 kHz
49/64
I2C bus interface
TDA7406
Table 15.
Subwoofer Configuration / Spectrum Analyzer / HighPass (12)
MSB
LSB
FUNCTION
D7
D6
D5
D4
D3
0
0
1
1
D2
D1
D0
0
0
1
1
0
1
0
1
Subwoofer Coupling
AC using SWIn pin
AC using MixInR pins
AC using SWIn pin
DC
0
1
0
1
Spectrum Analyzer Q-Factor
3.5
1.8
0
1
High Pass Enable
Filter off
Filter on
0
1
0
0
1
1
High Pass Cut-Off-Frequency
90Hz
135Hz
180Hz
215Hz
0
1
0
1
Table 16.
Subwoofer Filter
off
80Hz
120Hz
160Hz
Configuration Audioprocessor I (13)
MSB
LSB
FUNCTION
D7
D6
D5
D4
D3
D2
D1
D0
0
1
0
1
0
1
0
0
1
1
50/64
0
1
0
1
CDC Input Mode
single ended
pseudo differential
CDC Input Gain
-6 dB
0 dB
SoftStep Volume
off
on
SoftStep Time
320µs
1.28ms
5.12ms
20.4ms
TDA7406
I2C bus interface
Table 16.
Configuration Audioprocessor I (13) (continued)
MSB
LSB
FUNCTION
D7
D6
D5
D4
D3
D2
D1
D0
Loudness
flat
filter ON
0
1
Mixing Selector Tuner/TIM Switch
TIM
Tuner
0
1
Tuner Selection
AM
Stereodecoder
0
1
Table 17.
Configuration Audioprocessor II (14)
MSB
LSB
FUNCTION
D7
D6
D5
D4
D3
D2
D1
D0
0
1
0
0
1
1
0
0
1
1
0
0
1
1
1
0
1
0
1
0
1
0
1
0
1
0
1
Pause Detector
off
on
Pause ZC Window
160mV
80mV
40mV
not allowed
Front Speaker
Mixing ACIn and MixIn
AC coupling (MixIn)
AC coupling (ACIn)
DC coupling
Rear Speaker
Mixing ACIn and MixIn
AC coupling (MixIn)
AC coupling (ACIn)
DC coupling
must be “1”
51/64
I2C bus interface
TDA7406
Table 18.
Speaker and Subwoofer Level Control (15,16,17,18,19)
MSB
LSB
ATTENUATION
D7
D6
D5
D4
D3
D2
D1
D0
0
:
0
0
0
0
:
0
:
0
:
1
:
1
:
1
1
0
:
0
0
0
0
:
1
:
1
:
0
:
0
:
0
1
0
:
0
0
1
1
:
0
:
1
:
0
:
1
:
1
X
1
:
0
0
0
0
:
0
:
0
:
0
:
0
:
1
X
1
:
0
0
0
0
:
0
:
0
:
0
:
0
:
1
X
1
:
0
0
0
0
:
0
:
0
:
0
:
0
:
1
X
1
:
1
0
0
1
:
0
:
0
:
0
:
0
:
1
X
Gain/Attenuation
+15dB
:
+ 1dB
0dB
0dB
- 1dB
:
-16dB
:
-32dB
:
-48dB
:
-64dB
-79dB
Mute
SoftStep On/Off
On
Off
0
1
Table 19.
Mixer Level Control (20)
MSB
LSB
ATTENUATION
D7
D6
D5
D4
D3
D2
D1
D0
1
0
:
0
0
0
0
:
0
0
:
1
1
1
0
:
0
0
0
0
:
0
0
:
0
0
1
0
:
0
0
0
0
:
0
1
:
0
0
X
1
:
0
0
0
0
:
1
0
:
1
1
X
1
:
0
0
0
0
:
1
0
:
1
1
X
1
:
0
0
0
0
:
1
0
:
1
1
X
1
:
1
0
0
1
:
1
0
:
0
1
X
1
1
0
0
:
0
0
:
0
0
X
52/64
Gain/Attenuation
+15dB
:
+ 1dB
0dB
0dB
- 1dB
:
-15dB
-16dB
:
-78dB
-79dB
Mute
TDA7406
I2C bus interface
Table 20.
Testing Audioprocessor (21)
MSB
LSB
FUNCTION
D7
D6
D5
D4
D3
D2
D1
D0
0
1
0
1
0
1
0
1
X
0
1
X
X
X
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
1
1
1
1
0
0
0
0
1
1
1
0
0
0
1
1
Test-Multiplexer
Spectrum Analyzer Filter
62Hz
Spectrum Analyzer Filter 157Hz
Spectrum Analyzer Filter 400Hz
Spectrum Analyzer Filter
1kHz
Spectrum Analyzer Filter 2.51kHz
Spectrum Analyzer Filter 6.34kHz
Spectrum Analyzer Filter 16kHz
Not Allowed
not used
200kHz Oscillator
NB-Hold
internal Reference
0
0
1
1
0
0
1
0
0
1
0
1
Clock
external
internal
0
1
AZ Function
off
on
0
1
SC-Clock
Fast Mode
Normal Mode
0
1
Note:
Audioprocessor Testmode
off
on
This byte is used for testing or evaluation purposes only and must not set to other values
than “11111110” in the application!
Table 21.
Stereodecoder (22)
MSB
LSB
FUNCTION
D7
D6
D5
D4
D3
D2
D1
D0
0
1
0
0
1
1
0
1
0
1
0
1
STD Unmuted
STD Muted
IN-Gain 11dB
IN-Gain 8.5dB
IN-Gain 6dB
IN-Gain 3.5dB
Stereodecoder Input
AM
MPX
53/64
I2C bus interface
TDA7406
Table 21.
Stereodecoder (22) (continued)
MSB
LSB
FUNCTION
D7
D6
D5
D4
D3
D2
D1
D0
0
1
Forced MONO
MONO/STEREO switch automatically
0
1
0
0
1
1
Pilot Threshold HIGH
Pilot Threshold LOW
De-emphasis 50µs (37.5µs(1))
De-emphasis 62.5µs (46.9µs(1))
De-emphasis 75µs (56.3µs(1))
De-emphasis 100µs (75µs(1))
0
1
0
1
1. If De-emphasis-Shift enabled (Subaddr.26/Bit7 = 0)
Table 22.
Noiseblanker I (23)
MSB
LSB
FUNCTION
D7
D6
D5
D4
D3
D2
D1
D0
0
1
0
0
0
0
1
1
1
1
0
0
1
1
0
0
1
1
54/64
0
1
0
1
0
1
0
1
0
0
1
1
0
0
1
1
0
1
0
1
0
1
0
1
Noiseblanker off
Noiseblanker on
Low Threshold 65mV
Low Threshold 60mV
Low Threshold 55mV
Low Threshold 50mV
Low Threshold 45mV
Low Threshold 40mV
Low Threshold 35mV
Low Threshold 30mV
Noise Controlled Threshold 320mV
Noise Controlled Threshold 260mV
Noise Controlled Threshold 200mV
Noise Controlled Threshold 140mV
Over deviation Adjust 2.8V
Over deviation Adjust 2.0V
Over deviation Adjust 1.2V
Over deviation Detector OFF
TDA7406
I2C bus interface
Table 23.
Noiseblanker II (24)
MSB
LSB
FUNCTION
D7
D6
D5
D4
D3
D2
D1
D0
0
1
0
0
1
1
0
0
1
1
0
0
1
1
0
1
0
1
0
1
0
1
0
1
0
1
0
1
Table 24.
PEAK charge current
low
high
Fieldstrength adjust
2.3V
1.8V
1.3V
OFF
Blank Time FM / AM
38µs / 1.2ms
25.5µs / 800µs
32µs / 1.0s
22µs / 640µs
Noise Rectifier Discharge Resistor
R = infinite
RDC = 56k
RDC = 33k
RDC = 18k
Strong Multipath influence on PEAK 18k
off
on (18k discharge if VMPout< 2.5V)
AM / FM-Noiseblanker (25)
MSB
LSB
FUNCTION
D7
D6
D5
D4
D3
D2
D1
D0
0
1
0
0
0
0
1
1
1
1
0
0
1
1
1
1
0
1
0
1
0
0
1
1
0
0
1
1
0
1
0
1
0
1
0
1
Stereodecoder Mode
FM
AM
AM Rectifier Gain
6dB
8dB
10dB
12dB
14dB
16dB
18dB
20dB
Rectifier Cut-Off Frequency
14.0kHz
18.5kHz
28.0kHz
56.0kHz
must be “1”
55/64
I2C bus interface
TDA7406
Table 25.
High-Cut (26)
MSB
LSB
FUNCTION
D7
D6
D5
D4
D3
D2
D1
D0
0
1
0
0
1
1
0
0
1
1
0
0
1
1
0
1
56/64
0
1
0
1
0
1
0
1
0
1
0
1
High-Cut
off
on
max. High-Cut
2dB
5dB
7dB
10dB
VHCH to be at
42% REF5V
50% REF5V
58% REF5V
66% REF5V
VHCL to be at
16.7% VHCH
22.2% VHCH
27.8% VHCH
33.3% VHCH
De-emphasis Shift
On
Off
TDA7406
I2C bus interface
Table 26.
Fieldstrength Control (27)
MSB
LSB
FUNCTION
D7
D6
D5
0
0
1
1
0
0
1
1
D4
D3
D2
D1
D0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
0
0
0
0
1
1
1
1
0
0
0
0
1
1
1
1
0
0
1
1
0
0
1
1
0
0
1
1
0
0
1
1
0
1
0
1
0
1
0
1
0
1
0
1
0
1
0
1
Quality Detector Coefficient
a=0.7
a=0.85
a=1.0
a=1.15
0
1
0
1
HCC-Level-Shift (only Level through MPD)
0.0V
500mV
1.0 V
1.5 V
0
1
0
1
Table 27.
VSBL to be at
20.0% REF5V
23.3% REF5V
26.6% REF5V
30.0% REF5V
33.3% REF5V
36.6% REF5V
40.0% REF5V
43.3% REF5V
46.6% REF5V
50.0% REF5V
53.3% REF5V
56.6% REF5V
60.0% REF5V
63.3% REF5V
66.6% REF5V
70.0% REF5V
Multipath Detector (28)
MSB
LSB
FUNCTION
D7
D6
D5
D4
D3
D2
D1
D0
0
1
0
0
1
1
0
1
0
1
Fast Load
on
off
Bandpass Gain
6dB
12dB
16dB
18dB
57/64
I2C bus interface
TDA7406
Table 27.
Multipath Detector (28) (continued)
MSB
LSB
FUNCTION
D7
D6
D5
D4
D3
0
0
1
1
0
1
0
1
D2
D1
D0
Rectifier Gain
Gain = 7.6dB
Gain = 4.6dB
Gain = 0dB
disabled
Charge Current at MP-Out
0.25µA
0.50µA
0
1
Multipath on High-Cut Decay-Time
2ms
10ms
0
1
Multipath influence on PEAK Discharge
off
-1V/ms
0
1
Table 28.
Stereodecoder Adjustment (29)
MSB
LSB
FUNCTION
D7
D6
D4
D3
D2
D1
D0
0
0
0
:
0
:
0
0
0
0
:
1
:
1
0
0
1
:
0
:
1
0
1
0
:
0
:
1
Roll-Off Compensation
not allowed
7.2%
9.4%
:
13.7%
:
20.2%
1
1
1
:
1
:
1
0
0
0
:
1
:
1
0
0
1
:
0
:
1
0
1
0
:
0
:
1
not allowed
19.6%
21.5%
:
25.3%
:
31.0%
0
0
0
:
1
58/64
D5
0
0
0
:
1
0
0
1
:
1
0
1
0
:
1
LEVEL Gain
0dB
0.4dB
0.8dB
:
6dB
TDA7406
I2C bus interface
Table 29.
Stereodecoder Configuration (30)
MSB
LSB
FUNCTION
D7
D6
D5
D4
D3
D2
D1
D0
0
1
0
1
0
1
1
x
1
x
0
1
1
1
1
1
Multipath Influence on High-Cut
On
Off
Multipath Influence on Stereo-Blend
On
Off
Level-Input over Multipath-Detector(1)
On
Off
Dual MPX Mode
On
Off
must be “1”
1. Using the Multipath Time-Constants for Stereo-Bland and High-Cut
Table 30.
Testing Stereodecoder(31)
MSB
LSB
FUNCTION
D7
D6
D5
D4
D3
D2
D1
D0
0
1
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
0
0
0
0
1
1
1
1
0
0
0
0
1
1
1
1
0
0
1
1
0
0
1
1
0
0
1
1
0
0
1
1
0
1
0
1
0
1
0
1
0
1
0
1
0
1
0
1
Main Testmode
off
on
Stereodecoder Testmode
off
on
Test signals
F228
NB threshold
Level for Stereo-Blend
Pilot magnitude
VHCCL
Pilot threshold
VHCCH
REF5V
HOLDN
NB Peak
AM-Rectifier
VCOCON; VCO Control Voltage
VSBL
Pilot threshold
Level for High-Cut
REF5V
59/64
I2C bus interface
TDA7406
Table 30.
Testing Stereodecoder(31) (continued)
MSB
LSB
FUNCTION
D7
D6
0
1
1
Note:
60/64
D5
D4
D3
D2
D1
D0
Audioprocessor Oscillator
Off
On
must be “1”
This byte is used for testing or evaluation purposes only and must not be set to other values
than “11111100” in the application!
TDA7406
14
Application diagram
Application diagram
Figure 31. Application Diagram
61/64
Package information
15
TDA7406
Package information
In order to meet environmental requirements, ST offers these devices in ECOPACK®
packages. These packages have a Lead-free second level interconnect. The category of
second Level Interconnect is marked on the package and on the inner box label, in
compliance with JEDEC Standard JESD97. The maximum ratings related to soldering
conditions are also marked on the inner box label. ECOPACK is an ST trademark.
ECOPACK specifications are available at: www.st.com.
Figure 32. TQFP44 Mechanical Data & Package Dimensions
mm
inch
DIM.
MIN.
TYP.
A
MAX.
MIN.
TYP.
1.60
A1
0.05
0.15
0.063
0.002
0.006
A2
1.35
1.40
1.45
0.053
0.055
0.057
B
0.30
0.37
0.45
0.012
0.015
0.018
C
0.09
0.20
0.004
D
11.80
12.00
12.20
0.464
D1
9.80
10.00
10.20
0.386
D3
8.00
0.008
0.472
0.480
0.394
0.401
0.315
E
11.80
12.00
12.20
0.464
0.472
0.480
E1
9.80
10.00
10.20
0.386
0.394
0.401
E3
8.00
0.315
e
0.80
0.031
L
0.45
0.60
L1
0.75
0.018
1.00
k
OUTLINE AND
MECHANICAL DATA
MAX.
0.024
0.030
TQFP44 (10 x 10 x 1.4mm)
0.039
0˚(min.), 3.5˚(typ.), 7˚(max.)
D
D1
A
A2
A1
23
33
34
22
0.10mm
.004
B
E
B
E1
Seating Plane
12
44
11
1
C
L
e
K
TQFP4410
0076922 D
62/64
TDA7406
16
Revision history
Revision history
Table 31.
Document revision history
Date
Revision
04-Sep-2006
1
Changes
Initial release.
63/64
TDA7406
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