TPS51120 www.ti.com SLUS670A – JULY 2005 – REVISED AUGUST 2005 DUAL CURRENT MODE, SYNCHRONOUS STEP-DOWN CONTROLLER WITH 100-mA STANDBY REGULATORS FOR NOTEBOOK SYSTEM POWER FEATURES • • • • • • • • • • • • • DESCRIPTION 3.3-V and 5-V 100-mA Bootstrapped Standby Regulators with Independent Enables Selectable D-CAP® Mode Enables Fast Transient Response Less than 100 ns Selectable Low Ripple Current Mode Less than 1% Internal Reference Accuracy Selectable PWM-only/Auto-skip Modes Low-side RDS(on) Loss-less Current Sensing RSENSE Accurate Current Sense Option Internal Soft-start and Integrated VOUT Discharge Transistors Integrated 2-V Reference Adaptive Gate Drivers with Integrated Boost Diode Power Good for Each Channel with Delay Timer Fault Disable Mode Supply Input Voltage Range: 4.5 V to 28 V The TPS51120 is a highly sophisticated dual current mode synchronous step-down controller. It is a full featured controller designed to run directly off a threeor four-cell Li-ion battery and provide high-power and 5-V and/or 3.3-V standby regulation for all the downstream circuitry in a notebook computer system. High current, 100-mA, 5-V or 3.3-V on-board linear regulators have glitch-free switch over function to SMPS and can be kept alive independently during standby state. The pseudo-constant frequency adaptive on-time control scheme supports full range of current mode operation including simplified loop compensation, ceramic output capacitors as well as seamless transition to reduced frequency operation at light-load condition. Optional D-CAP™ mode operation optimized for SP-CAP or POSCAP output capacitors allows further reduction of external compensation parts. Dynamic UVP supports VIN line sag without latch off by hitting 5V UVP. No negative voltage appears at output voltage node during UVLO, UVP, and OCP, OTP or loss of VIN. The TPS51120 32-pin QFN package is specified from –40°C to 85°C ambient temperature. APPLICATIONS • Notebook Computers System Bus and I/O V5FILT C31 1 nF EN_LDO3 VBAT L2 2.2 µH 4 3 2 1 GND VREF2 VFB1 COMP1 VO1 EN5 C21 0.1 µF R11 100 kΩ SKIPSEL 32 TONSEL 31 11 PGOOD2 PGOOD1 30 TPS51120RHB (QFN−32) P_GOOD1 GND VBAT EN1 29 EN_1 13 VBST2 VBST1 28 C11 0.1 µF 14 DRVH2 DRVH1 27 C10 20 µF Q1 IRF7821 L1 4.7 µH + + 15 LL2 VIN CS1 PGND1 DRVL2 V5REG 16 LL1 26 PowerPAD V5FILT Q4 IRF7832 VREG3 C2A 150 µF CS2 C2B 150 µF VO2_GND 5 10 EN3 PGND2 VO2 3.3V/6A Q3 IRF7821 6 12 EN2 EN_2 C10 20 µF 7 VFB2 9 EN_LDO5 P_GOOD2 8 COMP2 GND VO2 R21 100 kΩ 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 17 DRVL1 25 Q2 IRF7832 C1A 150 µF VO1 5V/6A C1B 150 µF − VO1_GND − PGND2 PGND1 R22 3.3 kΩ R50 5.1W C30 10 µF C51 1 µF R12 3.6 kΩ C50 10 µF VBAT C30 NA UDG−05074 Please be aware that an important notice concerning availability, standard warranty, and use in critical applications of Texas Instruments semiconductor products and disclaimers thereto appears at the end of this data sheet. D-CAP is a registered trademark of Texas Instruments. PRODUCTION DATA information is current as of publication date. Products conform to specifications per the terms of the Texas Instruments standard warranty. Production processing does not necessarily include testing of all parameters. Copyright © 2005, Texas Instruments Incorporated TPS51120 www.ti.com SLUS670A – JULY 2005 – REVISED AUGUST 2005 ORDERING INFORMATION (1) (2) TA PACKAGE -40°C to 85°C PLASTIC QUAD FLAT PACK (QFN) (1) (2) ORDERABLE PART NUMBER TPS51120RHBT TPS51120RHBR OUTPUT SUPPLY PINS 32 MINIMUM ORDER QUANTITY Tape-and-reel 250 Tape-and-reel 3000 ECO PLAN Green (RoHS and no Sb/Br) All packaging options have Cu NIPdAu lead/ball finish. For the most current package and ordering information, see the Package Option Addendum at the end of this document, or see the TI website at www.ti.com. ABSOLUTE MAXIMUM RATINGS (1) over operating free-air temperature range unless otherwise noted TPS51120 VBST1, VBST2 Input voltage range Output voltage range VBST1, VBST2 wrt LL -0.3 to 6 VIN, EN5 -0.3 to 30 SKIPSEL, TONSEL, EN1, EN2, CS1, CS2, V5FILT, VFB1, VFB2, EN3, VO1, VO2 -0.3 to 6 DRVH1, DRVH2 -1 to 36 DRVH1, DRVH2 (wrt LL) -0.3 to 6 LL1, LL2 -1 to 30 VREF2, VREG3, VREG5, PGOOD1, PGOOD2, DRVL1, DRVL2, COMP1, COMP2 -0.3 to 6 PGND1, PGND2 VBST 100 VREG5, VREG3 (source only) 200 Operating ambient temperature range -40 to 85 Tstg Storage temperature -55 to 150 TJ Junction temperature -40 to 125 Lead temperature 1.6 mm (1/16 inch) from case for 10 seconds 2 mA °C 255 Stresses beyond those listed under absolute maximum ratings may cause permanent damage to the device. These are stress ratings only, and functional operation of the device at these or any other conditions beyond those indicated under recommended operating conditions is not implied. Exposure to absolute-maximum-rated conditions for extended periods may affect device reliability. All voltage values are with respect to the network ground terminal unless otherwise noted. DISSIPATION RATINGS (1) (2) V 1 TA (1) V -0.3 to 0.3 VREF2 Source/sink current UNITS -0.3 to 36 PACKAGE TA < 25°C POWER RATING (W) DERATING FACTOR ABOVE TA = 25°C (W/°C) TA = 85°C POWER RATING (W) 32-pin QFN (1) 2.6 0.026 1.0 32-pin QFN (2) 2.9 0.029 1.2 JEDEC standard PCB. Enhanced thermal conductance by 3 x 3 thermal vias beneath thermal pad. TPS51120 www.ti.com SLUS670A – JULY 2005 – REVISED AUGUST 2005 RECOMMENDED OPERATING CONDITIONS Input voltage, V5FILT Input voltage range Output voltage range MIN MAX 4.5 5.5 VBST1, VBST2 -0.1 34 VBST1, VBST2 wrt LL -0.1 5.5 VIN, EN5 -0.1 28 SKIPSEL, TONSEL, EN1, EN2, CS1, CS2, V5FILT, VFB1, VFB2, EN3 -0.1 5.5 VO1, VO2 -0.1 5.5 DRVH1, DRVH2 -0.8 34 DRVH1, DRVH2 (wrt LL) -0.1 5.5 LL1, LL2 -0.8 28 VREF2, VREG5, VREG3, PGOOD1, PGOOD2, DRVL1, DRVL2, COMP1, COMP2 -0.1 5.5 PGND1, PGND2 -0.1 VREF2 Source/sink current V V V 0.1 0.08 VBST 50 VREG5, VREF3 (source only) Operating ambient temperature range, TA UNIT mA 100 -40 85 °C 3 TPS51120 www.ti.com SLUS670A – JULY 2005 – REVISED AUGUST 2005 ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS over operating free-air temperature range, VVIN = 12 V, VVREG5 = VV5FILT = 5 V (unless otherwise noted) PARAMETER TEST CONDITIONS MIN TYP MAX UNIT SUPPLY CURRENT IINCCAP Supply current VIN current, VREG5=VREG3=No Load, EN3=EN5=FLOAT, EN1=EN2=5V, CS=5V, COMP connected to Cap Current mode 750 1500 IINNOCAP Supply current VIN current, VREG5=VREG3=No Load, EN3=EN5=FLOAT; D-CAP mode EN1=EN2=5V, CS=5V, COMP=5V 700 1400 IIN5(STBY) Stand-by current VIN current, VREG5=No Load EN3=0V, EN5=FLOAT, EN1=EN2=0 5-V only 30 45 IIN3(STBY) Stand-by current VIN current, VREG3=No Load EN3=FLOAT, EN5=0, EN1=EN2=0 3.3-V only 12 20 100 150 10 20 IIN532(STBY) Stand-by current VIN current, VREG5=VREG3=VREF2=No Load EN3=EN5=FLOAT, EN1=EN2=0 IIN(SHDN) VIN current, EN3=EN5=EN1=EN2=0V Shut down current µA VOUT and VREF2 VOLTAGES VOUT Output voltage VFB2=5V, TA= 25°C, No Load 3.255 3.300 3.345 VFB2=5V, TA= 0 to 85°C, No Load 3.241 3.300 3.359 VFB2=5V, TA= -40 to 85°C, No Load 3.234 3.300 3.366 VFB1=5V, TA= 25°C, No Load 4.935 5.000 5.065 VFB1=5V, TA= 0 to 85°C, No Load 4.910 5.000 5.090 VFB1=5V, TA= -40 to 85°C, No Load 4.900 5.000 5.100 Adjustable mode output range VADJ VADJ T Output regulation voltage Output regulation voltage tolerance Adjustable mode Adjustable mode, TA= 25°C -0.9% V 0.9% -1.3% 1.3% Adjustable mode, TA= -40 to 85°C -1.6% 1.6% 2-V output regulation voltage VVREF2T 2-V output regulation voltage toler- IVREF2± 50 µA, TA= 0 to 85°C ance IVREF2± 50 µA, TA= -40 to 85°C IVFB VFB input current 4 5.5 1.00 Adjustable mode, TA= 0 to 85°C VVREF2 RDISCHARG Discharge switch resistance 1.0 IVREF2± 50 µA, TA= 25°C 1.97 2.00 2.03 1.96 2.04 1.95 2.05 VFBx=1.02V, COMPx=open 0.02 VFBx=1.02V, COMPx=5V 0.02 VOx=0.5V, TA= 25°C V 10 V µA 20 Ω TPS51120 www.ti.com SLUS670A – JULY 2005 – REVISED AUGUST 2005 ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS (continued) over operating free-air temperature range, VVIN = 12 V, VVREG5 = VV5FILT = 5 V (unless otherwise noted) PARAMETER TEST CONDITIONS MIN TYP MAX 3.25 3.30 3.35 UNIT VREG3 VOLTAGE VVREG3 VREG3 Output Regulation Voltage IVREG3 = 20 mA, 6V < VIN < 28V, TA= 25°C IVREG3 = 1 - 50 mA , 6V < VIN < 28V, TA= 0 to 85°C 3.21 3.37 VVREG3T VREG3 Output Voltage Tolerance IVREG3 = 1 - 100 mA , 6V < VIN < 28V, TA= -40 to 85°C 3.16 3.39 IVREG3 VREG3 Output Current TA = 25°C, VREG3=3.14V VLDO3SW VREG3 Bootstrap Switch Threshold Hysteresis RLDO3SW VREG3 Bootstrap Switch Resistance (1) Rising edge of VO2, VREG3 drops to VO2 voltage 170 2.85 V mA 3.10 120 V mV 1.3 3.0 5.00 5.075 Ω VREG5 VOLTAGE VVREG5 VREG5 Output Regulation Voltage IVREG5 = 20 mA, 6V < VIN < 28V, TA= 25°C VVREG5T VREG5 Output Voltage Tolerance 4.925 IVREG5 = 1 - 50 mA , 6V < VIN < 28V, TA= 0 to 85°C 4.89 5.11 IVREG5 = 1 - 100 mA , 6V < VIN < 28V, TA= -40 to 85°C 4.80 5.15 IVREG5 VREG5 Output Current TA = 25°C, VREG5=4.75 V (1) VLDO5SW VREG5 Bootstrap Switch Threshold Hysteresis RLDO5SW VREG5 Bootstrap Switch Resistance Rising edge of VO1, VREG5 drops to VO1 voltage 200 4.30 mA 4.85 140 1.3 V V mV 3.0 Ω TRANSCONDUCTANCE AMPLIFIER Gm Gain TA = 25°C ICOMPSINK COMP Maximum Sink Current VFBx=1.05V, COMPx=1.28V 8 280 12 16 ICOMPSRC COMP Maximum Source Current VFBx=0.95V, COMPx=1.28V -15 -11 -7 VCOMPHI COMP High Clamp Voltage CSx=0V, VFBx=0.95V 1.26 1.34 1.42 VCOMPLO COMP Low Clamp Voltage CSx=0V, VFBx=1.05V 1.08 1.12 1.20 Source, VVBST-DRVH = 1V 3.5 7 Sink, VDRVH-LL = 1V 1.5 3 Source, VVREG5-DRVL = 1V 3.5 7 Sink, VDRVL-PGND = 1V 1.5 3 DRVH-off to DRVL-on, TA= 25°C 20 µS µA V OUTPUT DRIVER RDRVH DRVH resistance RDRVL DRVL resistance TD Dead time VDTH DRVH-off threshold LL to GND (1) VDTL DRVL-off threshold DRVL to GND DRVL-off to DRVH-on, TA= 25°C 30 ns 60 2 (1) Ω V 1.1 INTERNAL BST DIODE VFBST Forward Voltage VVREG5-VBST, IF = 10 mA, TA= 25°C 0.8 0.9 IRBST Reverse Current VBST = 34 V, VREG5=5V 0.1 1.0 IBST(LEAK) VBST Leakage current VBST=34V, LL=28V, EN3=EN5=EN1=EN2=0V 0.1 1.0 (1) 0.7 V µA Ensured by design. Not production tested. 5 TPS51120 www.ti.com SLUS670A – JULY 2005 – REVISED AUGUST 2005 ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS (continued) over operating free-air temperature range, VVIN = 12 V, VVREG5 = VV5FILT = 5 V (unless otherwise noted) PARAMETER TEST CONDITIONS MIN TYP MAX UNIT ON-TIME TIMER, INTERNAL SOFT-START and HOUSEKEEPING CLOCK TON1a On time, 5V, 180 kHz VLL1=12V, VOUT1=5V, TONSEL=5V, TA= 25°C 2150 2340 2530 TON1b On time, 5V, 220 kHz VLL1=12V, VOUT1=5V, TONSEL=FLOAT, TA= 25°C 1790 1950 2110 TON1c On time, 5V, 280 kHz VLL1=12V, VOUT1=5V, TONSEL=2V, TA= 25°C 1370 1490 1610 TON1d On time, 5V, 380 kHz VLL1=12V, VOUT1=5V, TONSEL=GND, TA= 25°C 1020 1110 1200 TON2a On time, 3.3V, 270 kHz VLL2=12V, VOUT2=3.3V, TONSEL=5V, TA= 25°C 940 1030 1120 TON2b On time, 3.3V, 330 kHz VLL2==12V, VOUT1=3.3V, TONSEL=FLOAT, TA= 25°C 780 850 920 TON2c On time, 3.3V, 430 kHz VLL2==12V, VOUT1=3.3V, TONSEL=2V, TA= 25°C 580 650 720 430 480 530 TON2d On time, 3.3V, 580 kHz VLL2==12V, VOUT1=3.3V, TONSEL=GND, TA= 25°C TON(MIN)1 Minimum on time, 5V TA = 25°C, TONSEL=GND, VLL1=28V, VO1=1V 70 TON(MIN)2 Minimum on time, 3.3V TA = 25°C, TONSEL=GND, VLL2=28V, VO2=1V 45 TOFF(MIN) Minimum off time TA = 25°C, VFB=0.9V, LL=0.5V TSS Internal Soft Start Timer TA = 25°C, ENx>3V SLSS Internal Soft Start Slope TA = 25°C, ENx>3V, Slope wrt. VFB FCLK HK clock frequency ns 480 (2) 772 clks 0.3 V/ms 230 290 350 0.4 0.6 0.8 kHz UVLO/LOGIC THRESHOLD VENLDOH LDO enable threshold VENLDOFL3 EN3, EN5, low to high Hysteresis 0.2 EN3 pullup voltage EN3 = FLOAT (OPEN) (2) 1.7 VENLDOFL5 EN5 pullup voltage EN5= FLOAT (OPEN) (2) 3.3 IENLDOFL EN3, EN5 pullup current VENx < 0.5V 1.5 VUV(VREG5) VREG5 UVLO threshold VTONSEL ISEL SKIPSEL threshold TONSEL threshold SKIPSEL/TONSEL input current 4.0 µA Wake up 3.8 4.0 4.2 V Hysteresis 100 200 300 mV Auto-SKIP Mode Enabled VSKIPSEL V 0 0.7 Auto-SKIP Mode Enabled, Faults Off 1.3 2.2 PWM-Only Mode Enabled 2.7 5.5 Fast Switching Frequency 0 0.7 Medium Switching Frequency #2 1.3 2.2 Medium Switching Frequency #1 2.7 3.0 Slow Switching Frequency 4.5 5.5 SKIPSEL, TONSEL=0V 1 3 SKIPSEL, TONSEL=5V 1 2 0.9 1.2 2.75 2.90 2 3 VENSWSTAT EN1, EN2 SS Start Voltage BJT Base input, Switcher begins to Track ENx VENSWEND EN1, EN2 SS End Voltage ‘Logic High’ Level for Switcher Enable when using Internal Softstart, 0°C ≤ TA≤ 85°C 0.5 IENSW1,2 EN1, EN2 Pullup Current EN1, EN2=0.6V VTHVFB1 VFB1 threshold 5.0V preset output V5FILT -0.3 VTHVFB2 VFB2 threshold 3.3V preset output V5FILT -0.3 1 V µA V µA V CURRENT SENSE VOCL Current limit threshold Resistor sense scheme , VPGND - VCS voltage, PGOOD=Hi 67 80 93 mV ITRIP CS Sink Current RDS(ON) sense scheme, PGOOD=Hi, TA= 25°C 9 10 11 µA TCITRIP ITRIP temperature Coefficient RDS(ON) sense scheme, On the basis of 25°C (2) 6 Ensured by design. Not production tested. 4500 ppm/° C TPS51120 www.ti.com SLUS670A – JULY 2005 – REVISED AUGUST 2005 ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS (continued) over operating free-air temperature range, VVIN = 12 V, VVREG5 = VV5FILT = 5 V (unless otherwise noted) PARAMETER TEST CONDITIONS MIN TYP MAX -10 0 10 VOCLoff OCP Comparator Offset (VVREG5-CS-VPGND-LL) voltage, VVREG5-CS = 80mV, RDS(ON) sense VR(trip) Current limit threshold setting range VV5FILT-VCS voltage 30 VZC Zero cross detection Comparator offset VPGNDx-VLLx voltage, SKIPSEL=0V -5 1 5 ±7% ±10% ±13% 150 UNIT mV POWERGOOD COMPARATOR Power Bad Threshold VTH(PG) PGOOD Threshold IPG(MAX PGOOD Sink Current PGOOD=0.5 V TPGDEL PGOOD Delay Timer Delay for PGOOD in, ‘clks’=HK Clock Hysteresis ±5% 2.5 5.0 mA 256 clks UNDERVOLTAGE and OVERVOLTAGE PROTECTION VOVP VFBx OVP Trip Threshold TOVPDEL VFBx OVP Delay Time VUVP VFBx UVP Trip Threshold TUVPDEL VFBx UVP Delay Timer OVP detect 110% 115% UVP detect 65% 70% 120% 2 Hysteresis 6% ‘clks’=HK Clock 128 Shutdown temperature 145 ms 75% clks THERMAL SHUTDOWN TSDN1 Thermal shutdown threshold Hysteresis 10 °C 7 TPS51120 www.ti.com SLUS670A – JULY 2005 – REVISED AUGUST 2005 DEVICE INFORMATION TERMINAL FUNCTIONS TERMINAL NAME NO. I/O DESCRIPTION Loop compensation pin (error amplifier output). Connect RC from this pin to GND for proper loop compensation with current mode operation. Tie this pin to V5FILT for D-CAP™ mode operation. COMP1 2 O COMP2 7 O CS1 23 I CS2 18 I Current sense comparator input (-) for resistor sensing scheme. Or, overcurrent trip setting input for RDS(on) current sense scheme if connected to V5FILT through the threshold setting resistor. DRVH1 27 O DRVH2 14 O DRVL1 25 O DRVL2 16 O EN1 29 I EN2 12 I EN3 10 I VREG3, 3.3-V low dropout linear regulator enable pin. Connect to GND to disable. Float or tie to enabled VREG5 to turn on the regulator. EN5 9 I VREG5, 5-V low dropout linear regulator enable pin. Connect to GND to disable. Float or tie to VBAT to turn on the regulator. Signal ground pin. High-side MOSFET gate drive output. Source 3.5 Ω, sink 1.5 Ω, LL-node referenced floating driver. Drive voltage corresponds to VBST to LL voltage. Rectifying (low-side) MOSFET gate drive output. Source 3.5 Ω, sink 1.5 Ω, PGND referenced driver. Drive voltage is VREG5 voltage. Channel 1 and Channel 2 SMPS enable pins. Connect to 5 V to turn on with internal 3-ms soft-start. Slower soft-start is possible by applying an external capacitor from each of these pins to ground to program ramp rate. GND 5 I LL1 26 I/O LL2 15 I/O PGND1 24 I/O PGND2 17 I/O PGOOD1 30 O PGOOD2 11 O Power-good window comparator open drain output. Pull up with resistor to V5FILT or appropriate signal voltage. Current capability is 5-mA. PGOOD goes high 1-ms after VFB is within specified limits. Power bad (terminal goes low) is within 10 µs. SKIPSEL 32 I Skip and fault mode selection pin. Refer to Table 2 TONSEL 31 I On-time selection pin. Refer to Table 1 and Table 2. High-side MOSFET gate driver return. Also serve as current sense comparator input (-) for RDS(on) sensing, and input voltage monitor for on-time control circuitry Ground return for rectifying MOSFET gate driver. Connect PGND2, PGND1 and GND strongly together near the source of the rectifying FET or the GND connection of the current sense resistor. Also serve as current sense comparator input (+). V5FILT 20 I 5-V supply input for the entire control circuit. Should be provided from VREG5 via RC filter. VBST1 28 I VBST2 13 I Supply Input for High-side MOSFET Driver. Connect capacitor from this pin to respective LL terminal. An internal PN diode is connected between VREG5 to each of these pins. User can add external schottky diode if forward drop is critical to drive the power MOSFET. VFB1 3 I VFB2 6 I SMPS feedback input. Connect the feedback resistor divider here for adjustable outputs. Tie these pins to V5FILT or for fixed output option. Refer to Table 2 VIN 22 I Supply Input for 5-V and 3.3-V linear regulator. Typically connected to VBAT. VO1 1 I VO2 8 I These terminals serve four functions: on-time adjustment, output discharge, VREG5, VREG3 switchover input and feedback inputs for 5-V, 3.3-V fixed-output option. Connect to positive terminal of respective switch mode power supply’s output capacitor. VREF2 4 O 2-V reference output. Capable of ±50-µA, ±2% over 0 - 85°C temperature range. Bypass to GND by 1-nF ceramic capacitor. Tie this pin to GND disables both SMPS. VREG3 19 O 3.3-V, 100-mA low dropout linear regulator output. Bypass to PGND by 10-µF ceramic capacitor. Runs from VIN supply. Shuts off with EN3. Switches over to VO2 when 3.1 V or above is provided. VREG5 21 O 5-V, 100-mA low dropout linear regulator output. Bypass to PGND by 10-µF ceramic capacitor. Runs from VIN supply. Internally connected to VBST and DRVL. Shuts off with EN5. Switches over to VO1 when 4.8 V or above is provided. 8 TPS51120 www.ti.com SLUS670A – JULY 2005 – REVISED AUGUST 2005 TONSEL 2 4 GND VFB2 VFB1 VREF2 3 5 6 VO2 1 32 COMP2 SKIPSEL COMP1 VO1 QFN PACKAGE (BOTTOM VIEW) 7 8 9 EN5 31 10 EN3 PGOOD1 30 11 PGOOD2 EN1 29 12 EN2 VBST1 28 13 VBST2 DRVH1 27 14 DRVH2 LL1 26 15 LL2 DRVL2 PGND2 CS2 V5FILT VREG3 VIN VREG5 CS1 25 16 24 23 22 21 20 19 18 17 PGND1 DRVL1 9 TPS51120 SLUS670A – JULY 2005 – REVISED AUGUST 2005 BLOCK DIAGRAM (One Channel Only Shown) 10 www.ti.com TPS51120 www.ti.com SLUS670A – JULY 2005 – REVISED AUGUST 2005 DETAILED DESCRIPTION PWM Operation The switching mode power supply (SMPS) block of TPS51120 supports an adaptive on time control pulse-width-modulation (PWM). Switching frequency is selectable from four choices for maximum efficiency (5 V/180 kHz, 3.3 V/270 kHz), minimum component size (5 V/380 kHz, 3.3 V/580 kHz) or the other two intermediates. The TPS51120 supports both true current mode control and D-CAP™ mode control, selectable up to the requirements from system design. All N-channel MOSFET totem-pole architecture is employed for external switches. The synchronous top (high-side) MOSFET is turned on, or is “SET”, at the beginning of each cycle. This MOSFET is turned off, or is “RESET” after a constant “on-time” period which is defined by the frequency of customer’s choice and input and output voltage ratio. The top MOSFET is turned on again if inductor current is reduced to meet both conditions of, 1. the current level corresponds to the error amount of output voltage and, 2. below the overcurrent limit level Repeating operation in this manner, the controller regulates the output voltage. The synchronous bottom (low-side) or the rectifying MOSFET is turned on each cycle in the negative phase to the top MOSFET to keep the conduction loss minimum. The rectifying MOSFET turns off on the event reverse inductor current flow is detected. This enables seamless transition to skip mode function so that high efficiency is kept over a broad range of load current. At the beginning of the soft start period, the rectifying MOSFET remains in the off state until the top MOSFET is turned on for at least once. Current Mode The current mode scheme is a sequence of feedback control described as follows. The output voltage is monitored at the middle point of voltage divider resistors and fed back to a transconductance amplifier. The amplifier outputs target current level proportional to error amount between the feedback voltage and the internal 1 V reference voltage. The inductor current level is monitored during the off-cycle, when rectifying MOSFET is turned on. The PWM comparator compares the inductor current signal with this target current level that is indicated at the COMP pin voltage. When both signals are equal (at the valley of the current sense signal), the comparator provides the “SET” signal to the gate driver latch. The current mode option has relatively higher flexibility by the external compensation network provided to the COMP pin. And it is suitable for lowest ripple design with output capacitor(s) having ultra-low ESR. More detail information about loop compensation and parameter design can be found in the Loop Compensation and External Parts section. When sensing the inductor current, accuracy and cost always trades off. In order to give the circuit designer a choice between these two, TPS51120 supports both of external resistor sensing and MOSFET RDS(on) sensing. Please contact factory for current mode EVM with RSENSE capability. D-CAP™ Mode The D-CAP™ mode operation is enabled by tying the COMP pin to V5FILT. In this mode, the PWM comparator monitors the feedback voltage directly and compares the voltage with the internal 1-V reference. When both signals are equal at the valley of the voltage sense signal, the comparator provides the “SET” signal to the top MOSFET gate driver. Because the compensation network is implemented on the part and the output waveform itself is used as the error signal, external circuit design is largely simplified. Another advantage of the D-CAP™ mode is its inherent fast transient response. A trade-off is a sufficient amount of ESR required in the output capacitor. SPCAP or POSCAP is recommended. The inductor current information is still used in the D-CAP™ mode for over current protection and light load operation. Do NOT neglect current sensing design in this mode. To summarize, the D-CAP™ mode is suitable for the lowest external component count with the fastest transient response, but with relatively large ripple voltage. It is easy to design the loop once appropriate output capacitor and inductor current ripple is selected. Please refer to loop compensation and parameter design in the Loop Compensation and External Parts section for more information. 11 TPS51120 www.ti.com SLUS670A – JULY 2005 – REVISED AUGUST 2005 DETAILED DESCRIPTION (continued) Adaptive On-Time Control The TPS51120 employs adaptive on time control scheme and does not have a dedicated oscillator on board. However, it works almost constant frequency over the entire input voltage range (pseudo-constant frequency) by feed-forwarding the input and output voltage into the on-time one-shot timer. The on-time is controlled inverse proportional to the input voltage and proportional to the output voltage so that the duty ratio is kept as VOUT/VIN technically with the same cycle time. The input voltage monitoring is accomplished through sensing the LL node, not at VIN node, during the ‘ON’ state. This eliminates the influence of the voltage drop across the top MOSFET to the frequency especially in heavy load condition. The VIN pin is not used for the on-time control but used only for the 5 V and 3.3 V regulators’ supply. The switching frequency is selectable from four combinations shown in the table below by setting TONSEL pin voltage. This allows the system design to pursue highest efficiency (5 V/180 kHz, 3.3 V/270 kHz), smallest components size (5 V/380 kHz, 3.3 V/580 kHz) or a good balance of both in the medium. Also shown in the table are the typical on-time for each frequency and 5 V, 3.3 V outputs at VIN=12. Output voltage feed-forward is enabled after the output voltage exceeds 1.0 V in order to achieve stable start up. Table 1. Frequency Selection and Typical On-Time TONSEL CONNECTION CH1(LL1=VIN=12 V) CH2 (LL2=VIN=12 V) FREQUENCY (kHz) ON-TIME @ 5 V (ns) FREQUENCY (kHz) ON-TIME @ 3.3 V (ns) V5FILT 180 2340 270 1030 FLOAT (OPEN) 220 1950 330 850 VREF2 280 1490 430 650 GND 380 1111 580 480 Programming Table The TPS51120 has varieties of configurations choice. It is important to tailor appropriately with regard to the system design requirements. Table below shows programming table for the control scheme selection, frequency selection, output voltage selection and skip selection. Faults-off disables UVP, OVP and UVLO. This is mainly intended for debugging purpose. Enable states and possible connections for the LDO’s EN3, EN5 pins and SMPS’s EN1, EN2 pins are also shown. Table 2. Function Programming Table PIN GND VREF2 FLOAT V5FILT COMP N/A N/A Current Mode (apply R-C network) D-CAP™ Mode TONSEL (CH1/CH2) [kHz] 380 / 580 280 / 430 220 / 330 VFB1 Adjustable output (connect to the resistor divider) VFB2 12 180 / 270 5V fixed output Adjustable output (connect to the resistor divider) 3.3 V fixed output SKIPSEL AUTO-SKIP AUTO-SKIP (FAULTS OFF) PWM PWM EN1, EN2 Switcher Off Not used Switcher on Switcher on EN3, EN5 LDO Off Not used LDO on LDO on (EN3 only) TPS51120 www.ti.com SLUS670A – JULY 2005 – REVISED AUGUST 2005 DETAILED DESCRIPTION (continued) Light Load Operation TPS51120 automatically reduces switching frequency at light load condition to maintain high efficiency. This reduction of frequency is achieved smoothly and without an increase in load regulation. Detail operation is described as follows. As the output current decreases from heavy load condition, the inductor current is also reduced and eventually comes to the point that its ‘valley’ touches zero current, which is the boundary between continuous conduction and discontinuous conduction modes. The rectifying MOSFET is turned off when this zero inductor current is detected. The on-time is kept the same as that in the heavy load condition. As the load current further decreases, the converter runs in discontinuous conduction mode and it takes longer and longer to discharge the output capacitor to the level that requires next ‘ON’ cycle. This results in reducing the switching frequency. In reverse, when the output current increases from light load to heavy load, switching frequency increases to the constant predetermined frequency as the inductor current reaches to the continuous conduction. The transition load point to the light load operation IOUT(LL) (i.e. the threshold between continuous and discontinuous conduction mode) can be calculated as shown in Equation 1. I OUT(LL) + 2 1 L ǒV IN * V OUTǓ f V OUT V IN (1) where f is the PWM switching frequency which is determined by TONSEL pin. Switching frequency versus output current in the light load condition is a function of L, f, VIN and VOUT, but it decreases almost proportional to the output current from the IOUT(LL) given in Equation 1. Forced PWM Operation Tying SKIPSEL to V5FILT or leaving it float force the part to operate in continuous conduction mode for entire load range by disabling zero inductor current detection. Switching frequency is kept at the frequency selected by TONSEL input. System designers may want to use this mode to avoid certain frequency in light load condition with the cost of low efficiency. However, please be aware the output has a capability to both sink and source current in this mode. If the output terminal is connected to a voltage source higher than the regulated voltage, the converter sinks current from the output and boosts the charge into the input capacitor. This may cause unexpected high voltage at VIN and may damage the part. 5V, 100 mA, LDO and Switchover (VREG5) A 5-V, 100-mA linear regulator is integrated in the TPS51120. This low drop-out (LDO) regulator services the main analog supply rail for the IC and provides the current for the gate drivers. The regulator is a PMOS type with transconductance control and the pole is determined by the value of output capacitance. Typically, the value of this capacitor must be greater than 4.7 µF. A 10-µF ceramic capacitor is recommended for a typical design. Current limit and thermal protection are included in the regulator. Additionally, if the VO1 voltage exceeds 4.8 V, then the regulator is switched off and the 5V rails are bootstrapped to the 5-V switcher output, improving the efficiency of the converter. A glitch-free switchover is accomplished. The VREG5 output voltage does not show a short “glitch” down to 4.8 V when this bootstrapping action is taken. The switchover impedance from VO1 to VREG5 is typically 1.3 Ω. Standby current is designed for 30-µA operation allowing the user to leave the regulator alive while maintaining maximum battery life. The EN5 pin is a high voltage input and can be tied to VBAT or left open to enable the 5-V regulator. This 5-V regulator must be enabled prior to enable switching regulators. Pull EN5 to ground to shut off the regulator. Disabling the regulator does not promise shutting down the switchers once 5 volts is supplied via the bootstrap path. Because switchover occurs, the 5-V switcher MUST be turned off with the LDO in order to shut down the device. EN5 does NOT function as a master disable. 3.3V, 100 mA, LDO and Switchover (VREG3) A 3.3-V, 100-mA linear regulator is integrated as a second regulator in the TPS51120. This LDO provides a handy standby supply for 3.3 V ‘Always On’ voltages in the notebook system. The characteristics of this LDO are identical to the 5V LDO except for the switchover voltage. Apply 10-µF ceramic capacitor from VREG3 to PGND in adjacent to the device. If the VO2 voltage exceeds 3.1 V, then this regulator is switched off and the 3.3 V rail is bootstrapped to the 3.3 V switcher. Note if the VO2 voltage is set higher by external feedback dividers, for example 5 V, that high voltage is presented at VREG3 after switchover. The EN3 pin is a low voltage input that can be tied to V5FILT or left open to enable the 3.3-V regulator. This 3.3-V regulator can be turned on or kept alive independent to the 5-V regulator. 13 TPS51120 SLUS670A – JULY 2005 – REVISED AUGUST 2005 www.ti.com DETAILED DESCRIPTION (continued) 2V, 50 µA Sink/Source Reference (VREF2) This is a handy reference for generating auxiliary voltages. The tolerance is ±2% over 50-µA load and 0°C to 85°C ambient temperature ranges. The four-state logic (SKIPSEL, TONSEL) takes advantage of this reference for additional selection modes. This reference is enabled when both EN3 and EN5 become high, shuts down after both switchers are turned off and VREG5 or VREG3 is shut down. Please refer to Table 4. If this output is forcibly tied down to ground, both SMPS are turned off without latch. Bypass VREF2 pin to GND by a 1-nF capacitor. Low-Side Driver The low-side gate driver, DRVL, is designed to drive high current low RDS(on) N-channel MOSFET(s). The maximum drive voltage is 5.5 V which is delivered from VREF5 pin. The instantaneous drive current is supplied from the output capacitor at the VREF5 pin. The average drive current is equal to the FET’s gate charge at VGS=5 V times switching frequency. The VREG5 pin voltage may contain high frequency noise due to parasitic inductance by wiring and pointing current flow into the gate capacitor. The drive capability is represented by its internal resistance, which are 3.5 Ω for VREG5 to DRVL and 1.5 Ω for DRVL to PGND. Adaptive dead time control generates delay times between top MOSFET off to bottom MOSFET on, and bottom MOSFET off to top MOSFET on, preventing the totem-pole switches to shoot through. Top MOSFET off is detected as LL-node voltage declining below 2 V. Bottom MOSFET off is detected as DRVL voltage become 1.1 V. High-Side Driver The high-side gate driver, DRVH, is designed to drive high current, low RDS(on) N-channel MOSFET(s). When configured as a LL-node referenced floating driver, connect 0.1-µF ceramic capacitor between corresponding VBST pin and LL pin. A 5-V bias voltage is delivered from VREG5 supply. VBST is internally connected to VREG5 through a high voltage PN diode. This internal diode provides sufficient gate voltage for ordinary 4.5-V drive power MOSFETs and helps reducing external component. However, in the case where the gate bias voltage is critical for driving the top MOSFET, application designer may add an external schottky diode from VREG5 pin to VBST pin. Note schottky diodes have quite high reverse leakage current at high temperature. The instantaneous drive current is supplied by the flying capacitor connected between VBST and LL pins. The average drive current is equal to the gate charge at VGS=5 V times switching frequency. The drive capability is represented by its internal resistance, which are 3.5-Ω for VBST to DRVH and 1.5Ω for DRVH to LL. The maximum recommended voltage that can be applied between DRVH pin and LL pin is 5.5 V, DRVH pin to PGND pin is 34 V. Soft-Start The TPS51120 has an internal 3-ms voltage-servo soft start for each channel. When the EN1 or EN2 pin exceeds 0.9 V, an internal DAC begins ramping up the reference voltage. Smooth control of the output voltage during start up is maintained. However, if a slower soft-start is required, an external capacitor may be tied from the EN1 or EN2 pin to GND. In this case, the TPS51120 charges the external capacitor with the integrated 2-µA current source. The lower of either the EN voltage slew rate or the internal soft start slew rate dominates the start-up ramp. In addition, if tracking discharge is required, the EN pin can be used to control the output voltage discharge smoothly. An approximate value for the soft start reference voltage as a function of EN voltage is VSSREF = (VENX– 0.9)/1.5 < 1 V. At the beginning of soft-start period, the rectifying MOSFET maintains an off state until the top MOSFET is turned on for at least once. This prevents high negative current to flow back from the output capacitor in the event of output capacitor pre-charged condition. Soft-Stop Discharge mode or ‘Soft Stop’ is always on during Faults or Disable. In this mode, an event that would cause the switcher to be turned off (EN1 or EN2 low, OVP, UVP, UVLO) causes the output to be discharged through 10-Ω transistor inside the VO terminal. The external rectifying MOSFET is not turned on for the soft off operation to avoid a chance to cause negative voltage at the output. Soft-stop time constant is a function of the output capacitance and the resistance of the discharge transistor. This discharge ensures that, upon restart, the regulated voltage always starts from zero volts. In case a SMPS is restarted before discharge completion, soft-stop is terminated and the switching resumes after the reference level comes back to the remaining output voltage. 14 TPS51120 www.ti.com SLUS670A – JULY 2005 – REVISED AUGUST 2005 DETAILED DESCRIPTION (continued) Powergood The TPS51120 has dedicated powergood output for each SMPS, PGOOD1 and PGOOD2. The PGOOD monitors are open drain 5-mA pull down outputs. These outputs are low on startup and stay low until the switcher feedback voltages are within a specified range for 256 clocks or approximately 1 ms. If the VFB pin falls outside the 10% tolerance band, the respective PGOOD pin goes low within microseconds. Then if the VFB pin comes back within 5% of target (1 V) for greater than 1 ms, then the respective PGOOD pin goes high again. The PGOOD pin should be typically pulled up through a 100 kΩ or greater value resistor to the V5FILT pin. Both PGOOD pins go low during fault conditions (Thermal Shutdown, UVLO, UVP, OVP) and Disable. Current Sensing and Overcurrent Protection The SMPS has cycle-by-cycle over current limiting. The inductor current is monitored during the rectifying MOSFET is on and the controller does not allow the next ON cycle while the current level is above the trip threshold. In order to provide good accuracy and cost effective solution, TPS51120 supports both of external resistor sensing and MOSFET RDS(on) sensing which are selected by CS terminal connection. For resistor sensing scheme, an appropriate current sensing resistor should be connected between the source terminal of the bottom MOSFET and PGND. CS pin is connected to the bottom MOSFET source terminal node. The inductor current is monitored by the voltage between PGND pin and CS pin. In this scheme, the trip level is fixed value of 80 mV. For RDS(on) sensing scheme, CS terminal is connected to V5FILT through a trip voltage setting resistor RTRIP. In this scheme, CS terminal sinks 10-µA ITRIP current and the trip level is set to the voltage across the RTRIP. The trip level should be in the range of 30 mV to 150 mV. This allows designer to select a variety of MOSFETs for the bottom arm. The inductor current is monitored by the voltage between PGND pin and LL pin so that LL pin should be connected to the drain terminal of the bottom MOSFET. ITRIP has 4500ppm/°C temperature slope, with respect to its 25°C value, to compensate the temperature dependency of the RDS(on). In either scheme, PGND is used as the positive current sensing node so that PGND pin should be connected to the proper current sensing device, i.e. the sense resistor or the source terminal of the bottom MOSFET. In an overcurrent condition, since the current to the output capacitor is limited while the load drags more, the output voltage tends to go down. It ends up with passing into the undervoltage protection and latches off as both DRVH and DRVL are at low level. Table 3. Current Sensing Connection CS Threshold Temperature Coefficient (ppm/°C) RDS(on) sensing V5FILT ITRIP× RTRIP / RDS(on) 4500 RSENSE sensing Bottom FET source node (=RSENSE (-) node) 80 mV / RSENSE none Overvoltage Protection For over voltage protection (OVP), the TPS51120 monitors VFB voltage. When the VFB voltage is higher than 115% of the target, the OVP comparator output goes high and the circuit latches both switchers. The offending channel is latched DRVH low and DRVL high, the other channel is simply latched as DRVH and DRVL at low. Be aware negative voltage may appear at the output terminal of the offending channel because of LC resonant configured by the power inductor and the output capacitor. The system designer is responsible to this negative voltage if any protection is need. The OVP propagation delay is less than 3 µs. Undervoltage Protection For under voltage protection (UVP), the TPS51120 monitors VFB voltage. When the VFB voltage is lower than 70% of the target and the UVP comparator output goes high, the internal UVP delay counter begins count. After the 128 clocks, approximately 0.5 ms, TPS51120 latches off both channels as DRVH and DRVL at low. This function is enabled after the softstart reference has exceeded the internal 1-V reference operation to ensure startup. Please refer to Table 5. 15 TPS51120 www.ti.com SLUS670A – JULY 2005 – REVISED AUGUST 2005 DETAILED DESCRIPTION (continued) 5V Supply and UVLO Protection TPS51120 has two 5-V terminals. VREG5 is the output of 5-V linear regulator. This terminal also serves as input pin for the gate driver circuits. Internal switchover FET is connected between this pin and VO1. V5FILT is the VCC supply input for the control circuitry on the chip. Connect with R-C low pass filter from VREG5 to this V5FILT to eliminate spiky high frequency noise. State definition pins such as SKIPSEL, TONSEL, VFB (fixed output case) and COMP (for D-CAP mode) or CS resistors that need stable 5V should refer to V5FILT. The part has 5-V supply under voltage lock out protection (UVLO) to prevent unpredictable operation under insufficient power. The TPS51120 monitors VREG5 voltage. When the VREG5 voltage is lower than UVLO threshold, the SMPS’s are shut off. The output discharge or ‘soft stop’ feature is enabled for the channel one and channel two. However, because the discharge circuit derives its power from the 5-V line, power must be presented long enough to ensure that discharge is complete during shutdown. Also, during power up, the TPS51120 attempts to discharge the output capacitor until the UVLO (on) threshold is reached. A 5-V UVLO is non-latch protection and is automatically resumed up on 5-V recovery. VIN Line Sag protection (Dynamic UVP) Since the TPS51120 serves primarily as system power (i.e. used for generating 3.3 V and 5 V) it is very important that the system not enter UVP if the VIN supply has dropped below 6V. UVP would be caused by the 5-V output dropping due to input line sag. When the VIN pin drops below the 5-V regulator voltage, the 5-V regulator ‘tracks’ VIN (LDO operation). The UVP threshold is adjusted downward when the VREG5 is below 4.8 V. This ensures that 5-V supply UVLO trips before the latching UVP condition occurs and the system power can recover normally when VIN recovers. This feature is very useful for transient VIN events such as adapter insertion Thermal Shutdown The TPS51120 employs thermal shutdown for the switchers at 145°C. This is a non-latch protection with hysteresis of 10°C. Both switching regulators and both internal regulators stop. VREG5 and VREG3 LDOs may not turn on if the part is preheated above the recovery temperature before starting up. Reduce the temperature to or below TA = 85°C to resume operation safely. Table 4. Enable Logic States (VOUT1=5 V, VOUT2=3.3 V) EN5 (1) EN3 EN1 EN2 VREG5 VREG3 VREF2 (2) SMPS1 SMPS2 Low Low High or Low High or Low Off Off Off Off Off Low-to-High Low High or Low High or Low LDO 5 V Off Off Off Off Low Low-to-High High or Low High or Low Off LDO 3.3 V Off Off Off Low-to-High Low-to-High Low Low LDO 5 V LDO 3.3 V On Off Off High High Low Low-to-High LDO 5 V SW 3.3 V On Off On High High Low-to-High Low SW 5 V LDO 3.3 V On On Off High High High High SW 5 V SW 3.3 V On On On High-to-Low High-to-Low High High SW 5 V SW 3.3 V On On On High High High-to-Low High-to-Low LDO 5 V LDO 3.3 V On Off Off High-to-Low High High-to-Low High Off LDO 3.3 V Off Off Off High High-to-Low High High-to-Low SW 5 V Off On On Off High High-to-Low Low High-to-Low LDO 5 V Off Off Off Off High-to-Low High Low Low Off LDO 3.3 V Off Off Off High High-to-Low Low Low LDO 5 V Off Off Off Off (1) (2) 16 Because of Switch-over, the 5-V switcher MUST be turned off with the LDO in order to shut down the device. EN5 does NOT function as a master DISABLE. Forcing VREF2 output to ground disables SMPS1 and SMPS2 without latch. TPS51120 www.ti.com SLUS670A – JULY 2005 – REVISED AUGUST 2005 DETAILED DESCRIPTION (continued) Table 5. Protection States (VOUT1 = 5 V, VOUT2 = 3.3 V) DRVH1 DRVL1 DRVH2 DRVL2 PGOOD1 PGOOD2 VREG5 VREG3 VREF2 FOR RESTART UVPch1 Low Low Low Low Low/Low LDO 5 V LDO 3.3 V On Toggle EN1 UVPch2 Low Low Low Low Low/Low LDO 5 V LDO 3.3 V On Toggle EN2 OVPch1 Low High Low Low Low/Low LDO 5 V LDO 3.3 V On Toggle EN1 OVPch1 Low Low Low High Low/Low LDO 5 V LDO 3.3 V On Toggle EN2 Thermal SHDN Low Low Low Low Low/Low Off Off Off Lower Package Temperature VIN < 5.0 Normal Normal Normal Normal Low/Normal SW 5 V SW 3.3 V On Raise VIN VREG UVLO Low Low Low Low Low/Low LDO but dropping LDO 3.3 V On Raise VIN, Reduce 5V current OCPch1 Limited Duty Estended Duty Normal Normal Low/Normal LDO 5 V SW 3.3 V On Reduce CH1 Current OCPch2 Normal Normal Limited Duty Estended Duty Normal/Low SW 5 V LDO 3.3 V On Reduce CH2 Current EN1 Low Low Low Normal Normal Low/Normal LDO 5 V SW 3.3 V On Float or tie to VREG5 EN2 Low Normal Normal Low Low Normal/Low SW 5 V LDO 3.3 V On Float or tie to VREG5 EN1, EN2, EN3 Low Low Low Low Low Low/Low LDO 5 V Off Off Float EN3, then float EN1,2 or tie to VREG5 EN5, EN1 Low Low Low Low Low Low/Low Off LDO 3.3 V Off Float EN5 or tie to VBAT, tie EN1 to VREG5 Loop Compensation and External Parts Selection Current Mode Operation A buck converter using TPS51120 current mode operation can be partitioned into three portions, a voltage divider, an error amplifier and a switching modulator. By linearizing the s witching modulator, we can derive the transfer function of the whole system. Since current mode scheme directly controls the inductor current, the modulator can be linearized as shown in Figure 1. Figure 1. Linearizing the Modulator 17 TPS51120 www.ti.com SLUS670A – JULY 2005 – REVISED AUGUST 2005 Here, the inductor is located inside the local feedback loop and its inductance does not appear in the small signal model. As a result, a modulated current source including the power inductor can be modeled as a current source with its transconductance of 1/RS and the output capacitor represent the modulator portion. This simplified model is applicable in the frequency space up to approximately a half of the switching frequency. One note is, although the inductance has no influence to small signal model, it has influence to the large signal model as it limits slew rate of the current source. This means the buck converter’s load transient response, one of the large signal behaviors, can be improved by using smaller inductance without affecting the loop stability. Total open loop transfer function of the whole system is given by Equation 2. H(s) + H 1(s) H 2(s) H 3(s) (2) Assuming RL>>ESR, RO>>RC and CC>>CC2, each transfer function of three block is shown in Equation 3 through Equation 5. R2 H 1(s) + ǒR2 ) R1Ǔ (3) H 2(s) + * Gm H 3(s) + ǒ1 ) s (1 ) s CO ǒ1 ) s CO R O ǒ1 ) s CC ESR) RLǓ CC R OǓ ǒ1 ) s RCǓ C C2 R CǓ (4) RL RS (5) There are three poles and two zeros in H(s). Each pole and zero is given by Equation 6 through Equation 10. 1 w P1 + ǒCC ROǓ w P2 + w P3 + 1 ǒCO ǒCC2 w Z1 + ǒCC w Z2 + ǒCO 1 1 1 RLǓ (6) (7) RCǓ (8) RCǓ (9) ESRǓ (10) Usually, each frequency of those poles and zeros is lower than the 0 dB frequency, f0. However, the f0 should be kept under 1/3 of the switching frequency to avoid effect of switching circuit delay. The f0 is given by next equation Equation 11. Gm RC + 1 1.0 Gm R C R2 f0 + 1 2p R1 ) R2 2p VOUT CO RS CO RS (11) Based on small signal analysis above, the external components can be selected by following manner. 1. Choose the inductor.The inductance value should be determined to give the ripple current of approximately 1/4 to 1/2 of maximum output current. L+ 1 I IND(ripple) ǒVIN(max) * VOUTǓ f VIN(max) VOUT + 2 I OUT(max) ǒV IN(max) * V OUTǓ f V IN(max) V OUT (12) The inductor also needs to have low DCR to achieve good efficiency, as well as enough room above peak inductor current before saturation. The peak inductor current can be estimated in Equation 13. 18 TPS51120 www.ti.com I IND(peak) + SLUS670A – JULY 2005 – REVISED AUGUST 2005 V TRIP ) 1 RDS(on) L f ǒVIN(max) * VOUTǓ VIN(max) V OUT (13) 2. Choose rectifying (bottom) MOSFET. When RDS(on) sensing scheme is selected, the rectifying MOSFET’s on-resistance is used as this RS so that lower RDS(on) does not always promise better performance. In order to clearly detect inductor current, minimum RS recommended is to give 15 mV or larger ripple voltage with the inductor ripple current. This promises smooth transition from CCM to DCM or vice versa. Upper side of the RDS(on) is of course restricted by the efficiency requirement, and usually this resistance affects efficiency more at high load conditions. When using external resistor current sensing, there is no restriction for low RDS(on). However, the current sensing resistance RS itself affects the efficiency. 3. Choose output capacitor(s). If organic semiconductor capacitors (OS-CON) or specialty polymer capacitors (SP-CAP), are used, the ESR to achieve required ripple value at a stable state or transient load condition determines the amount of capacitor(s) need, and capacitance is then enough to satisfy stable operation. The peak-to-peak ripple value can be estimated by ESR times the inductor ripple current for stable state, or ESR times the load current step for a fast transient load response. In case of ceramic capacitor(s), usually ESR is small enough to meet ripple requirement. On the other hand, transient undershoot and overshoot driven by output capacitance becomes the key factor to determine the capacitor(s). 4. Determine f0 and calculate RC using Equation 14. Note that higher RC shows faster transient response in cost of unstableness. If the transient response is not enough even with high RC value, try increasing the output capacitance. Recommended f0 is f/4. CO R C v 2p f 0 V OUT RS Gm (14) 5. Calculate CC2. The purpose of this capacitance is to cancel the zero caused by ESR of the output capacitor. If ceramic capacitor are used, there is no need for CC2. 1 1 w z2 + + wp3 + ǒCO ESRǓ ǒC C2 RCǓ (15) C C2 + CO ESR RC (16) 6. Calculate CC. Purpose of CC is to cut DC component to obtain high DC feedback gain. However, as it causes phase delay, another zero to cancel this effect at f0 frequency is need. This zero, ωz1, is determined by CC and RC. Recommended ωz1 is 10 times lower to the f0 frequency. f 1 f z1 + + 0 10 2p C C R C (17) 7. In case of adjustable mode, determine the value of R1 and R2. Recommended R2 value is from 10 kΩ to 20 kΩ. Determine R1 using Equation 18. R 1 + ǒVOUT * 1.0Ǔ R 2 (18) 19 TPS51120 www.ti.com SLUS670A – JULY 2005 – REVISED AUGUST 2005 D-CAP™ Mode Operation A buck converter system using D-CAP™ mode can be simplified as shown in Figure 2. Figure 2. Linearizing the Modulator The VO voltage is compare with internal reference voltage after divider resistors (Internal resistor mode. For adjustable mode, the comparison is directly at VFB). The PWM comparator determines the timing to turn on top MOSFET. The gain and speed of the comparator is high enough to keep the voltage at the beginning of each on cycle (or the end of off cycle) substantially constant. The DC output voltage may have line regulation due to ripple amplitude that slightly increases as the input voltage increase. For the loop stability, the 0-dB frequency, f0, defined below need to be lower than 1/3 of the switching frequency. f 1 f0 + v SW 3 2p ESR CO (19) As f0 is determined solely by the output capacitor’s characteristics, loop stability of D-CAP™ mode is determined by the capacitor’s chemistry. For example, specialty polymer capacitors (SP-CAP) have Co in the order of several 100 µF and ESR in range of 10 mΩ. These produce an f0 in the order of 100 kHz or less and the loop is stable. However, ceramic capacitors have f0 at more than 700 kHz, which is not suitable for this operational mode. Although D-CAP™ mode provides many advantages such as ease-of-use, minimum external components configuration and extremely short response time, due to not employing an error amplifier in the loop, sufficient amount of feedback signal needs to be provided by external circuit to reduce jitter level. The required signal level is approximately 15 mV at comparing point, either the internal or external VFB voltages. The output capacitor’s ESR should meet this requirement. The external components selection is much simple in D-CAP™ mode. 1. Choose inductor based on frequency and acceptable ripple current. 2. Choose output capacitor(s).Organic semiconductor capacitor(s) or specialty polymer capacitor(s) are recommended. Determine ESR to meet required ripple voltage above. A quick approximation is shown in Equation 20. V 0.015 ESR + OUT I RIPPLE (20) 20 TPS51120 www.ti.com SLUS670A – JULY 2005 – REVISED AUGUST 2005 Layout Considerations Certain points must be considered before starting a layout work using the TPS51120. • Connect RC low-pass filter from VREG5 to V5FILT, 1 µF and 5.1 Ω are recommended. Place the filter capacitor close to the device, within 12 mm (0.5 inches) if possible. • VREG5 and VREG3 require at least 4.7 µF, VREF2 requires a 1-nF ceramic bypass capacitor which should be placed close to the device and traces should be no longer than 10 mm. • Connect the overcurrent setting resistors from CSx to V5FILT (NOT VREG5) and close to the device, right next to the device if possible. The trace from CSx to V5FILT should avoid coupling to high-voltage switching node. • In the case of using adjustable output voltage with an external resistor divider, the discharge path (VOx) should have a dedicated trace to the output capacitor; separate from the output voltage sensing trace, and use 1.5 mm or wider trace with no loops. Make the feedback current setting resistor (the resistor between VFBx to GND) is tied close to the device’s GND. Place on the component side and avoid vias between this resistor and the device. • Connections from the drivers to the respective gate of the high-side or the low-side MOSFET should be as short as possible to reduce stray inductance. Use 0.65 mm (25 mils) or wider trace. • All sensitive analog traces and components such as VOx, COMPx, VFBx, VREF2, GND, ENx, PGOODx, CSx, V5FILT, TONSEL and SKIPSEL should be placed away from high-voltage switching nodes such as LLx, DRVLx or DRVHx nodes to avoid coupling. Use internal layer(s) as ground plane(s) and shield feedback trace from power traces and components. • Gather ground terminal of VIN capacitor(s), VOUT capacitor(s) and source of low-side MOSFETs as close as possible. GND (signal ground) and PGNDx (power ground) should be connected strongly together near the device. PCB trace defined as LLx node, which connects to source of high-side MOSFET, drain of low-side MOSFET and high-voltage side of the inductor, should be as short and wide as possible. • In order to effectively remove heat from the package, prepare thermal land and solder to the package’s thermal pad. Three by three or more vias with a 0.33-mm (13mils) diameter connected from the thermal land to the internal ground plane should be used to help dissipation. Do NOT connect PGNDx to this thermal land underneath the package. V5FILT C31 1 nF EN_LDO3 VBAT L2 2.2 µH 4 3 2 1 C21 0.1 µF GND VREF2 VFB1 COMP1 VO1 R11 100 kΩ SKIPSEL 32 10 EN3 TONSEL 31 11 PGOOD2 PGOOD1 30 TPS51120RHB (QFN−32) P_GOOD1 GND VBAT EN1 29 EN_1 13 VBST2 VBST1 28 C11 0.1 µF 14 DRVH2 DRVH1 27 C10 20 µF Q1 IRF7821 L1 4.7 µH + + VIN CS1 PGND1 DRVL2 V5REG 16 LL1 26 PowerPAD V5FILT Q4 IRF7832 15 LL2 VREG3 C2A 150 µF CS2 C2B 150 µF VO2_GND 5 EN5 PGND2 VO2 3.3V/6A Q3 IRF7821 6 12 EN2 EN_2 C10 20 µF 7 VFB2 9 EN_LDO5 P_GOOD2 8 COMP2 GND VO2 R21 100 kΩ 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 17 DRVL1 25 Q2 IRF7832 C1A 150 µF VO1 5V/6A C1B 150 µF − VO1_GND − PGND2 PGND1 R22 3.3 kΩ R50 5.1W C30 10 µF C51 1 µF R12 3.6 kΩ C50 10 µF VBAT C30 NA UDG−05074 Figure 3. D-CAP™ Mode, Fixed 5-V/6-A, +3.3-V/6-A, RDS(on) Sensing 21 TPS51120 www.ti.com SLUS670A – JULY 2005 – REVISED AUGUST 2005 C23 180 pF R24 15 kΩ R25 16.5 kΩ C13 220 pF C22 1 nF C12 2.2 nF R24 33 kΩ R21 100 kΩ EN5 2 1 VO1 10 EN3 3 COMP1 EN_LDO3 4 VFB1 9 5 VREF2 COMP2 EN_LDO5 6 GND GND 7 VFB2 8 VO2 GND R15 26.7 kΩ R14 33 kΩ C31 1 nF V5FILT R14 11 kΩ SKIPSEL TONSEL 31 PowerPad GND 11 PGOOD2 P_GOOD2 V5FILT 32 PGOOD1 30 R11 12 mΩ P_GOOD1 VBAT EN_2 VBAT Q3 IRF7821 L2 1.2 µH VO2 1.5 V/6 A C21 0.1 µF 12 EN2 EN1 29 TPS51120RHB (QFN32) 13 VBST2 VBST1 28 14 DRVH2 DRVH1 27 EN_1 C11 0.1 µF Q1 IRF7821 L1 2.2 µH + 21 PGND1 20 CS1 19 V5REG 18 VIN 17 C2B EEFUE0E221R V5FILT 20 µF C2A EEFUE0E221R CS2 DRVL2 VREG3 16 LL1 26 PGND2 Q4 IRF7832 22 23 24 R50 5.1 Ω R20 12 mΩ VO2_GND VO1 1.8 V/6 A + 15 LL2 C30 10 µF − PGND2 C51 1 µF DRVL1 Q2 IRF7832 25 20 µF C1B EEFUE0E221R VBAT R10 12 mΩ − C50 10 µF C1A EEFUE0E221R PGND1 VO1_GND UDG−05077 Figure 4. Current Mode, External 1.8-V/6-A, +1.5-V/6-A, RSENSE Sensing TYPICAL CHARACTERISTICS VIN SUPPLY CURRENT vs JUNCTION TEMPERATURE VIN SUPPLY CURRENT vs INPUT VOLTAGE 900 900 IINCAP= Current Mode 800 IIN − VIN Supply Current − µA 800 IIN − VIN Supply Current − µA 700 600 500 400 IINNOCAP= D−CAP Mode 300 500 300 100 100 0 50 100 TJ − Junction Temperature − °C 150 IINNOCAP= D−CAP Mode 400 200 Figure 5. 22 600 200 0 −50 IINCAP= Current Mode 700 0 5 10 15 20 VIN − VIN Input Voltage − V Figure 6. 25 TPS51120 www.ti.com SLUS670A – JULY 2005 – REVISED AUGUST 2005 TYPICAL CHARACTERISTICS (continued) VIN STANDBY CURRENT vs INPUT VOLTAGE 140 140 120 120 IIN532 − Standby Current − µA IIN532 − Standby Current − µA VIN STANDBY CURRENT vs JUNCTION TEMPERATURE 100 80 60 40 20 80 60 40 20 0 50 100 TJ − Junction Temperature − °C 0 150 10 15 20 VIN − VIN Input Voltage − V Figure 8. VIN SHUTDOWN CURRENT vs JUNCTION TEMPERATURE VIN SHUTDOWN CURRENT vs INPUT VOLTAGE 20 20 18 18 16 14 12 10 8 6 4 2 0 −50 5 Figure 7. IIN(SHDN) − Shutdown Current − µA IIN(SHDN) − Shutdown Current − µA 0 −50 100 25 16 14 12 10 8 6 4 2 0 50 100 TJ − Junction Temperature − °C Figure 9. 150 0 5 10 15 20 VIN − VIN Input Voltage − V 25 Figure 10. 23 TPS51120 www.ti.com SLUS670A – JULY 2005 – REVISED AUGUST 2005 TYPICAL CHARACTERISTICS (continued) NO-LOAD BATTERY CURRENT vs INPUT VOLTAGE CURRENT SENSE CURRENT vs JUNCTION TEMPERATURE 16 ITRIP − Current Sense Current − µA IBATT − Battery Current − mA 0.5 0.4 0.3 0.2 0.1 0 AUTO−SKIP 280 kHz (CH1) 430 kHz (CH2) 8 600 12 16 20 VIN − VIN Input Voltage − V 8 6 4 0 −50 24 0 50 100 TJ − Junction Temperature − °C Figure 12. SWITCHING FREQUENCY vs INPUT VOLTAGE SWITCHING FREQUENCY vs INPUT VOLTAGE 600 CH2 TONSEL = GND fSW − Switching Frequency − kHz fSW − Switching Frequency − kHz 10 Figure 11. 400 CH1 300 200 100 150 TONSEL = 2 V 500 CH2 400 300 CH1 200 100 6 10 14 18 VIN − VIN Input Voltage − V Figure 13. 24 12 2 500 0 14 24 28 0 6 10 14 18 24 VIN − VIN Input Voltage − V Figure 14. 28 TPS51120 www.ti.com SLUS670A – JULY 2005 – REVISED AUGUST 2005 TYPICAL CHARACTERISTICS (continued) SWITCHING FREQUENCY vs INPUT VOLTAGE 400 SWITCHING FREQUENCY vs INPUT VOLTAGE 400 TONSEL = FLOAT CH2 fSW − Switching Frequency − kHz fSW − Switching Frequency − kHz 350 300 250 200 CH1 150 100 50 fSW − Switching Frequency − kHz 600 350 300 CH2 250 200 CH1 150 100 50 6 10 14 18 24 VIN − VIN Input Voltage − V 0 28 14 18 24 VIN − VIN Input Voltage − V SWITCHING FREQUENCY vs OUTPUT CURRENT SWITCHING FREQUENCY vs OUTPUT CURRENT 600 CH2 Auto−skip CH2−PWM Only 400 CH1−PWM Only CH1 Auto−skip 300 200 100 0 0.001 10 Figure 16. TONSEL = GND 500 6 Figure 15. fSW − Switching Frequency − kHz 0 TONSEL = 5 V TONSEL = 2 V 500 400 28 CH2 Auto−skip CH2−PWM Only 300 CH1−PWM Only CH1 Auto−skip 200 100 0.01 0.1 1 IOUT − Output Current − A Figure 17. 10 0 0.001 0.01 0.1 1 IOUT − Output Current − A 10 Figure 18. 25 TPS51120 www.ti.com SLUS670A – JULY 2005 – REVISED AUGUST 2005 TYPICAL CHARACTERISTICS (continued) SWITCHING FREQUENCY vs OUTPUT CURRENT 400 TONSEL = FLOAT fSW − Switching Frequency − kHz fSW − Switching Frequency − kHz 400 SWITCHING FREQUENCY vs OUTPUT CURRENT CH2−PWM Only 300 CH2 Auto−skip 200 CH1−PWM Only 100 0 0.001 0.1 1 CH2−PWM Only CH2 Auto−skip 200 CH1−PWM Only 100 0 0.001 10 IOUT − Output Current − A 0.01 0.1 1 IOUT − Output Current − A Figure 19. Figure 20. OVP/UVP THRESHOLD VOLTAGE vs JUNCTION TEMPERATURE VREG5 OUTPUT VOLTAGE vs OUTPUT CURRENT 150 10 5.100 140 130 120 OVP 100 90 80 70 UVP 60 VREG5 − VREG5 Output Voltage − V VOVP, VUVP − OVP/UVP Threshold − % 300 CH1 Auto−skip CH1 Auto−skip 0.01 TONSEL = 5 V 5.050 5.000 50 0 −50 0 50 100 TJ − Junction Temperature − °C Figure 21. 26 4.950 0 20 60 80 40 IVREG5 − VREG5 Output Current − mA Figure 22. 100 TPS51120 www.ti.com SLUS670A – JULY 2005 – REVISED AUGUST 2005 TYPICAL CHARACTERISTICS (continued) VREF2 OUTPUT VOLTAGE vs OUTPUT CURRENT 3.340 2.020 3.320 2.015 VREF2 − VREF2 Output Voltage − V VREG3 − VREG3 Output Voltage − V VREG3 OUTPUT VOLTAGE vs OUTPUT CURRENT 3.300 3.280 3.260 3.240 3.220 3.200 2.010 2.005 2.000 1.995 1.990 1.985 0 20 40 60 80 1.980 −100 −80 −60 100 IVREG5 − VREG3 Output Current − mA Figure 23. Figure 24. 5-V OUTPUT VOLTAGE vs OUTPUT CURRENT 3.3-V OUTPUT VOLTAGE vs OUTPUT CURRENT 60 80 100 3.390 PWM Only VOUT2 − 3.3−V Output Voltage − V PWM Only VOUT1 − 5-V Output Voltage − V 40 IREF2 − VREF2 Output Current − µA 5.050 5.025 5.000 Auto−skip 4.975 4.950 0.001 20 −40 −20 0 0.01 0.1 1 IOUT1 − 5-V Output Current − A Figure 25. 10 3.360 3.330 Auto−skip 3.300 3.270 0.001 0.01 0.1 1 IOUT2 − 3.3-V Output Current − A Figure 26. 27 TPS51120 www.ti.com SLUS670A – JULY 2005 – REVISED AUGUST 2005 TYPICAL CHARACTERISTICS (continued) 5-V OUTPUT VOLTAGE vs INPUT VOLTAGE 3.3-V OUTPUT VOLTAGE vs INPUT VOLTAGE 3.32 5.050 VOUT2 − 3.3-V Output Voltage − V 5.025 5.000 IO = 6 A 4.975 IO = 0 A 4.950 100 6 8 10 24 3.33 IO = 0 A 3.28 3.27 6 8 10 12 14 16 18 Figure 27. Figure 28. 5-V EFFICIENCY vs OUTPUT CURRENT 3.3-V EFFICIENCY vs OUTPUT CURRENT 100 22 24 26 Auto−Skip 80 VIN = 12 V 20 VIN − VIN Input Voltage − V VIN = 8 V 60 IO = 6 A 3.30 26 Auto−Skip 80 η − Efficiency − % 12 14 16 18 20 22 VIN − VIN Input Voltage − V 3.31 η − Efficiency − % VOUT1 − 5-V Output Voltage − V 3.32 VIN = 8 V VIN = 20 V 40 VIN = 8 V VIN = 12 V VIN = 8 V 60 VIN = 20 V 40 VIN = 12 V VIN = 12 V 20 20 VIN = 20 V PWM Only 5-V Switcher ON VIN = 20 V 0 0.001 PWM Only 0.01 0.1 1 IOUT1 − 5−V Output Current − A Figure 29. 28 10 0 0.001 0.01 0.1 1 IOUT1 − 3.3−V Output Current − A Figure 30. 10 TPS51120 www.ti.com SLUS670A – JULY 2005 – REVISED AUGUST 2005 TYPICAL CHARACTERISTICS (continued) VOUT2 (100 mV/div) VOUT1 (100 mV/div) IIND (5 A/div) IIND (5 A/div) IOUT2 (5 A/div) IOUT1 (5 A/div) t − Time − 20 µs/div t − Time − 20 µs/div Figure 31. 5-V Load Transient Response Figure 32. 3.3-V Load Transient Response EN1 (5 V/div) EN2 (5 V/div) VO1 (2 V/div) VO2 (2 V/div) PGOOD1 (5 V/div) PGOOD2 (5 V/div) t − Time − 1 ms/div Figure 33. 5-V Startup Waveforms t − Time − 1 ms/div Figure 34. 3.3-V Startup Waveforms 29 TPS51120 www.ti.com SLUS670A – JULY 2005 – REVISED AUGUST 2005 TYPICAL CHARACTERISTICS (continued) VREG5 (200 mV/div) VREG3 (200 mV/div) VO2 (200 mV/div) VO1 (200 mV/div) t − Time − 1 ms/div t − Time − 1 ms/div Figure 35. 5-V Switchover Waveforms Figure 36. 3.3-V Switchover Waveforms EN1 (5 V/div) EN2 (5 V/div) VO1 (5 V/div) PGOOD1 (5 V/div) PGOOD2 (5 V/div) DRVL1 (5 V/div) DRVL2 (5 V/div) t − Time − 1 ms/div Figure 37. 5-V Soft-Stop Waveforms 30 VO2 (5 V/div) t − Time − 1 ms/div Figure 38. 3.3-V Soft-Stop Waveforms TPS51120 www.ti.com SLUS670A – JULY 2005 – REVISED AUGUST 2005 TYPICAL CHARACTERISTICS (continued) GAIN AND PHASE vs FREQUENCY GAIN AND PHASE vs FREQUENCY 80 135 60 40 90 40 90 20 45 20 45 0 0 0 0 −45 Gain −90 −40 −60 −135 −60 10 k 100 k f − Frequency − kHz −180 1M Figure 39. 5-V Bode Plot (Current Mode) −80 1k −45 ° 135 Phase −20 −40 −80 1k 180 Phase − −20 Phase Gain − dB Gain − dB 60 ° 180 Phase − 80 −90 Gain −135 10 k 100 k 1M −180 f − Frequency − kHz Figure 40. 3.3-V Bode Plot (Current Mode) 31 PACKAGE OPTION ADDENDUM www.ti.com 13-Sep-2005 PACKAGING INFORMATION Orderable Device Status (1) Package Type Package Drawing Pins Package Eco Plan (2) Qty TPS51120RHBR ACTIVE QFN RHB 32 3000 Green (RoHS & no Sb/Br) CU NIPDAU Level-2-260C-1 YEAR TPS51120RHBRG4 ACTIVE QFN RHB 32 3000 Green (RoHS & no Sb/Br) CU NIPDAU Level-2-260C-1 YEAR TPS51120RHBT ACTIVE QFN RHB 32 250 Green (RoHS & no Sb/Br) CU NIPDAU Level-2-260C-1 YEAR TPS51120RHBTG4 ACTIVE QFN RHB 32 250 Green (RoHS & no Sb/Br) CU NIPDAU Level-2-260C-1 YEAR Lead/Ball Finish MSL Peak Temp (3) (1) The marketing status values are defined as follows: ACTIVE: Product device recommended for new designs. LIFEBUY: TI has announced that the device will be discontinued, and a lifetime-buy period is in effect. NRND: Not recommended for new designs. Device is in production to support existing customers, but TI does not recommend using this part in a new design. PREVIEW: Device has been announced but is not in production. Samples may or may not be available. OBSOLETE: TI has discontinued the production of the device. (2) Eco Plan - The planned eco-friendly classification: Pb-Free (RoHS) or Green (RoHS & no Sb/Br) - please check http://www.ti.com/productcontent for the latest availability information and additional product content details. TBD: The Pb-Free/Green conversion plan has not been defined. Pb-Free (RoHS): TI's terms "Lead-Free" or "Pb-Free" mean semiconductor products that are compatible with the current RoHS requirements for all 6 substances, including the requirement that lead not exceed 0.1% by weight in homogeneous materials. Where designed to be soldered at high temperatures, TI Pb-Free products are suitable for use in specified lead-free processes. Green (RoHS & no Sb/Br): TI defines "Green" to mean Pb-Free (RoHS compatible), and free of Bromine (Br) and Antimony (Sb) based flame retardants (Br or Sb do not exceed 0.1% by weight in homogeneous material) (3) MSL, Peak Temp. -- The Moisture Sensitivity Level rating according to the JEDEC industry standard classifications, and peak solder temperature. Important Information and Disclaimer:The information provided on this page represents TI's knowledge and belief as of the date that it is provided. TI bases its knowledge and belief on information provided by third parties, and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of such information. Efforts are underway to better integrate information from third parties. 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