TLC5970 www.ti.com SBVS140 – MARCH 2010 3-Channel, 12-Bit, PWM LED Driver with Buck DC/DC Converter and Differential Signal Interface Check for Samples: TLC5970 FEATURES APPLICATIONS • • • • 1 23 • • • • • • • • • • • • • 3-Channel, Constant-Current Sink Output Current Capability: 150 mA per channel Grayscale (GS) Control with PWM: 12-bit (4096 steps) Dot Correction (DC): 7-bit (128 steps) Global Brightness Control (BC): 7-bit (128 steps) EEPROM for Dot Correction Storage Input Voltage: Up to 36 V LED Supply Voltage: Up to 17 V with Auto LED Anode Voltage Control Constant-Current Accuracy: – Channel-to-Channel = ±0.5% (typ) – Device-to-Device = ±3% (typ) Data Transfer Rate: 20 MHz Differential Signal Interface for Long Distance Cascading Unlimited Device Cascading Auto Display Repeat/Auto Data Refresh Internal/External Selectable GS Clock Thermal Shutdown (TSD) Packages: HTSSOP-32 and QFN-28 • Full-Color Static LED Displays for Building Wall Long Distance and Large Area Illumination DESCRIPTION The TLC5970 is a three-channel, constant-current sink driver with a buck dc/dc converter and a differential signal interface. Each channel has individually adjustable currents with 4096 PWM grayscale (GS) steps and 128 constant-current sink steps for dot correction (DC). The dot correction adjusts the brightness variations between LEDs. The DC data can be stored in the internal EEPROM. Also, current through all three channels can be controlled by global brightness control (BC) data with 128 steps. GS control, DC, and BC are accessible via a differential signal interface. The maximum current value for each channel is set by a single external resistor. The TLC5970 contains a dc/dc buck converter. The dc/dc converter improves system efficiency, reduces system level currents, and allows thinner gauge wiring by optimizing the LED anode voltage to keep the LED cathode voltage to 1 V. The TLC5970 proivdes overtemperature protection by turning all output drivers off when the IC temperature is too high (exceeds +138°C). VCC Power Supply GND GND VCC SWOFF 0.01 mF VREG 0.1 mF PH BOOT VREGIF FB GND 0.01 mF 0.1 mF IREF2 Controller Open SDTY SDTZ SDKY SDKZ VCC SWOFF 0.01 mF VREG PH 0.01 mF BOOT VREGIF FB IREF2 IREF1 OUT2 IREF1 OUT2 IREF0 OUT1 IREF0 OUT1 VROM OUT0 VROM OUT0 SDTA SDTY SDTA SDTY SDTB SDTZ SDTB SDTZ SCKA SCKY SCKA SCKY SCKB SCKZ SCKB SCKZ TLC5970 Open TLC5970 Typical Application Circuit Example 1 2 3 Please be aware that an important notice concerning availability, standard warranty, and use in critical applications of Texas Instruments semiconductor products and disclaimers thereto appears at the end of this data sheet. PowerPAD is a trademark of Texas Instruments Incorporated. All other trademarks are the property of their respective owners. UNLESS OTHERWISE NOTED this document contains PRODUCTION DATA information current as of publication date. Products conform to specifications per the terms of Texas Instruments standard warranty. Production processing does not necessarily include testing of all parameters. Copyright © 2010, Texas Instruments Incorporated TLC5970 SBVS140 – MARCH 2010 www.ti.com This integrated circuit can be damaged by ESD. Texas Instruments recommends that all integrated circuits be handled with appropriate precautions. Failure to observe proper handling and installation procedures can cause damage. ESD damage can range from subtle performance degradation to complete device failure. Precision integrated circuits may be more susceptible to damage because very small parametric changes could cause the device not to meet its published specifications. ORDERING INFORMATION (1) PRODUCT PACKAGE-LEAD HTSSOP-32 PowerPAD™ (2) TLC5970 QFN-28 6.0 mm × 6.0 mm (1) (2) ORDERING NUMBER TRANSPORT MEDIA, QUANTITY TLC5970DAPR Tape and Reel, 2000 TLC5970DAP Tube, 46 TLC5970RHPR Tape and Reel, 3000 TLC5970RHPT Tape and Reel, 250 For the most current package and ordering information see the Package Option Addendum at the end of this document, or see the TI web site at www.ti.com. Product preview device. ABSOLUTE MAXIMUM RATINGS (1) (2) Over operating free-air temperature range, unless otherwise noted. VALUE Supply voltage Input voltage MAX VCC –0.3 +40 V BOOT –0.3 +50 V BOOT-PH difference –0.3 +10 V FB –0.3 +18 V IREF0 to IREF2, SWOFF –0.3 VREG + 0.3 V SDTA, SDTB, SCKA, SCKB –10 +15 V VROM –0.3 +21 V PH (steady-state) –0.6 +40 V –1.2 V PH (transient < 10 ns) Output voltage OUT0 to OUT2 –0.3 +18 V SDTY, SDTZ, SCKY, SCKZ –10 +15 V VREG, VREGIF –0.3 +6 PH (dc) Output current –800 PH (peak) –2 OUT0 to OUT2 SDTY, SDTZ, SCKY, SCKZ Electrostatic discharge rating –35 mA mA 4 kV Human body model (HBM) Other pins 2 kV 1000 V Charged device model (CDM) SDTA, SDTB, SCKA, SCKB, SDTY, SDTZ, SCKY, SCKZ TJ Storage temperature Tstg 2 A +180 +35 Charged device model (CDM) Other pins (2) V mA Human body model (HBM) SDTA, SDTB, SCKA, SCKB, SDTY, SDTZ, SCKY, SCKZ Operation junction temperature (1) UNIT MIN (max) –55 500 V +150 °C +150 °C Stresses beyond those listed under absolute maximum ratings may cause permanent damage to the device. These are stress ratings only, and functional operation of the device at these or any other conditions beyond those indicated under recommended operating conditions is not implied. Exposure to absolute-maximum-rated conditions for extended periods may affect device reliability. All voltage values are with respect to network ground terminal. Submit Documentation Feedback Copyright © 2010, Texas Instruments Incorporated Product Folder Link(s): TLC5970 TLC5970 www.ti.com SBVS140 – MARCH 2010 THERMAL INFORMATION TLC5970 THERMAL METRIC (1) RHP UNITS 28 qJA Junction-to-ambient thermal resistance (2) qJC(top) Junction-to-case(top) thermal resistance qJB Junction-to-board thermal resistance 26.7 (3) 11.7 (4) 5.3 (5) yJT Junction-to-top characterization parameter yJB Junction-to-board characterization parameter qJC(bottom) (1) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6) (7) Junction-to-case(bottom) thermal resistance 0.4 (6) °C/W 5.2 (7) 1.6 For more information about traditional and new thermal metrics, see the IC Package Thermal Metrics application report, SPRA953. The junction-to-ambient thermal resistance under natural convection is obtained in a simulation on a JEDEC-standard, High-K board, as specified in JESD51-7, in an environment described in JESD51-2a. The junction-to-case(top) thermal resistance is obtained by simulating a cold plate test on the package top. No specific JEDEC-standard test exists, but a close description can be found in the ANSI SEMI standard G30-88. The junction-to-board thermal resistance is obtained by simulating in an environment with a ring cold plate fixture to control the PCB temperature, as described in JESD51-8. The junction-to-top characterization parameter, yJT, estimates the junction temperature of a device in a real system and is extracted from the simulation data for obtaining qJA, using a procedure described in JESD51-2a (sections 6 and 7). The junction-to-board characterization parameter, yJB estimates the junction temperature of a device in a real system and is extracted from the simulation data for obtaining qJA , using a procedure described in JESD51-2a (sections 6 and 7). The junction-to-case(bottom) thermal resistance is obtained by simulating a cold plate test on the exposed (power) pad. No specific JEDEC standard test exists, but a close description can be found in the ANSI SEMI standard G30-88. DISSIPATION RATINGS (1) (2) (3) (4) PACKAGE DERATING FACTOR ABOVE TA = +25°C POWER RATING TA < +25°C POWER RATING TA = +70°C POWER RATING TA = +85°C HTSSOP-32 with PowerPAD soldered (1) (2) 42.5 mW/°C 5318 mW 3403 mW 2765 mW HTSSOP-32 with PowerPAD unsoldered (2) (3) 22.5 mW/°C 2820 mW 1805 mW 1466 mW QFN-28 bottom side heat sink soldered (4) 33.2 mW/°C 4149 mW 2655 mW 2157 mW With PowerPAD soldered onto copper area on printed circuit board (PCB); 2-oz. copper. For more information, see application report SLMA002, PowerPAD Thermally-Enhanced Package (available for download at www.ti.com). Product preview device. With PowerPAD not soldered onto copper area on PCB. The package thermal impedance is calculated in accordance with JESD51-5. Submit Documentation Feedback Copyright © 2010, Texas Instruments Incorporated Product Folder Link(s): TLC5970 3 TLC5970 SBVS140 – MARCH 2010 www.ti.com RECOMMENDED OPERATING CONDITIONS At TA = –40°C to +85°C, unless otherwise noted. TLC5970 MIN NOM MAX UNIT DC CHARACTERISTICS VCC Supply voltage VCC1 VI VCC = SWOFF = VREG = VREFIF = FB (no buck conver operation mode) FB (buck converter operation mode) VI1 Voltage at input terminal VI2 SDTA, SDTB, SCKA, SCKB 10 36 V 4.75 5.5 V 7 17 V –7 12 V 19.5 V VROM for data writing 18.5 19 –12 12 V VID Differential voltage at input terminal (1) SDTA-SDTB, SCKA-SCKB VIH High level input voltage SWOFF 0.7 × VREG VREG V VIL Low level input voltage SWOFF GND 0.3 × VREG V VO Voltage at output terminal OUT0 to OUT2 17 V IOLC Constant output sink current OUT0 to OUT2 150 mA IOH High level output current SDTY, SDTZ, SCKY, SCKZ IOL Low level output current SDTY, SDTZ, SCKY, SCKZ TA Operating free-air temperature TJ Operating junction temperature –30 mA 30 mA –40 +85 °C –40 +125 °C AC CHARACTERISTICS fCLK Data shift clock frequency SCKA-SCKB TWH/TWL Pulse duration SCKA-SCKB TSU Setup time TH NROM (1) 4 20 MHz 12 ns (SDTA-SDTB)-(SCKA-SCKB) ↑ 5 ns Hold time (SDTA-SDTB)-(SCKA-SCKB) ↑ 3 Number of EEPROM write cycles At each address ns 10 Times Differential input voltage is measured at the noninverting terminal with respect to the inverting terminal. Submit Documentation Feedback Copyright © 2010, Texas Instruments Incorporated Product Folder Link(s): TLC5970 TLC5970 www.ti.com SBVS140 – MARCH 2010 ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS At VCC = 10 V to 36 V and TA = –40°C to +85°C. Typical values at VCC = 24 V, FB = 17 V, and TA = +25°C, unless otherwise noted. TLC5970 PARAMETER TEST CONDITIONS MIN TYP MAX UNIT 300 770 MΩ BUCK DC/DC CONVERTER BLOCK RDSON High-side MOS switch on-resistance At PH pin. VCC = 10 V to 36V, IO = 500mA, VBOOT = VCC + 9 V, PH high-side MOS switch is on RDSOFF High-side MOS switch off-resistance At PH pin. VCC = 36 V, PH = 0 V, PH high-side MOS switch is off 1 MΩ At BOOT pin. VCC = 10 V, IBOOT = –10 mA, PH high-side MOS switch is off 8 V VBOOT Boot regulator output voltage VBOOT1 VSCP Short-circuit protection detection At BOOT pin. VCC = 36 V, PH = 0 V, IBOOT = no load, PH high-side MOS switch is off 3.75 V V 4 4.25 IFB At FB pin. SDTA/SCKA = 0 V, SDTB/SCKB = 3 V, SDTY/SDTZ/SCKY/SCKZ/PH/BOOT = open, FB = 7 V to 17 V, VOUTn = 1.0 V, GSn = 000h, DCn = BC = 7Fh, RIREF = 15 kΩ, internal oscillator mode, and auto repeat mode 18 29 mA IFB1 At FB pin. SDTA/SCKA = 0 V, SDTB/SCKB = 3 V, SDTY/SDTZ/SCKY/SCKZ/PH/BOOT = open, FB = 7 V to 17 V, VOUTn = 1.0 V, GSn = 000h, DCn = BC = 7Fh, RIREF = 2 kΩ, internal oscillator mode, and auto repeat mode 19 30 mA IFB2 At FB pin. SDTA/SDTB = 10 MHz, SCKA/SCKB = 20 MHz with 0 V to 3 V swing, SDTY-SDTZ/SCKY-SCKZ = RLDIF = 10 kΩ, CLDIF = 15 pF, PH/BOOT = open, FB = 7 V to 17 V, VOUTn = 1.0 V, GSn = FFFh, DCn = BC = 7Fh, RIREF = 2 kΩ, internal oscillator mode, and auto repeat mode 36 60 mA IFB3 At FB pin. SDTA/SDTB = 10 MHz, SCKA/SCKB = 20 MHz with 0 V to 3 V swing, SDTY-SDTZ/SCKY-SCKZ = RLDIF = 2 × 51 Ω, CLDIF = 50 pF, PH/BOOT = open, FB = 7 V to 17 V, VOUTn = 1.0 V, GSn = FFFh, DCn = BC = 7Fh, RIREF = 2 kΩ, internal oscillator mode, and auto repeat mode 65 115 mA IFB4 At FB pin. SDTA/SDTB = 10 MHz, SCKA/SCKB = 20 MHz with 0 V to 3 V swing, SDTY-SDTZ/SCKY-SCKZ = RLDIF = 2 × 51 Ω, CLDIF = 50 pF, PH/BOOT = open, FB = 7 V to 17 V, VOUTn = 1.0 V, GSn = FFFh, DCn = BC = 7Fh, RIREF = 1 kΩ, internal oscillator mode, and auto repeat mode 68 130 mA Input current At FB pin 10 Submit Documentation Feedback Copyright © 2010, Texas Instruments Incorporated Product Folder Link(s): TLC5970 5 TLC5970 SBVS140 – MARCH 2010 www.ti.com ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS (continued) At VCC = 10 V to 36 V and TA = –40°C to +85°C. Typical values at VCC = 24 V, FB = 17 V, and TA = +25°C, unless otherwise noted. TLC5970 PARAMETER TEST CONDITIONS MIN TYP MAX UNIT 136 151 166 mA 0.1 µA LED DRIVER BLOCK IOLC Constant output current At OUT0 to OUT2 pins. OUTn are on, DCn = BC = 7Fh, VOUT = 1 V, RIREF = 1 kΩ IOLKG Leakage output current At OUT0 to OUT2 pins. OUTn are off, DCn = 7Fh, BC = 7Fh, VOUT = 17 V, RIREF = 1 kΩ ΔIOLC Constant-current error (channel-to-channel) (1) At OUT0 to OUT2 pins. OUTn are on, DCn = BC = 7Fh, VOUT = 1 V, RIREF = 1 kΩ ±0.5 ±3 % ΔIOLC1 Constant-current error (device-to-device) (2) At OUT0 to OUT2 pins. OUTn are on, DCn = BC = 7Fh, VOUT = 1 V, RIREF = 1 kΩ ±3 ±6 % ΔIOLC2 Line regulation (3) OUT0 to OUT2 are on, DCn = BCn = 7Fh, VOUT = 1 V, RIREF = 1 kΩ, VREG = 3.3 V to 5.5 V ±0.5 ±2 %/V ΔIOLC3 Load regulation (4) OUT0 to OUT2 are on, DCn = BCn = 7Fh, VOUT = 1 V to 3 V, RIREF = 1 kΩ ±1 ±2 %/V VIREF Reference voltage output IREF0 to IREF2, RIREF = 1 kΩ 1.20 1.23 (1) 1.17 V The deviation of each output from the average of OUT0–OUT2 constant-current. Deviation is calculated by the formula: IOUTn D (%) = -1 ´ 100 (IOUT0 + IOUT1 + IOUT2) 3 (2) The deviation of the OUT0–OUT2 constant-current average from the ideal constant-current value. Deviation is calculated by the following formula: (IOUT0 + IOUT1 + IOUT2) 3 D (%) = - (Ideal Output Current) ´ 100 Ideal Output Current Ideal current is calculated by the formula: IOUT(IDEAL) = 125 ´ (3) 1.20 RIREF Line regulation is calculated by this equation: D (%/V) = (IOUTn at VREG = 5.5 V) - (IOUTn at VREG = 3 V) (IOUTn at VREG = 3.0 V) (4) 5.5 V - 3 V Load regulation is calculated by the equation: D (%/V) = (IOUTn at VOUTn = 3 V) - (IOUTn at VOUTn = 1 V) 100 ´ (IOUTn at VOUTn = 1 V) 6 100 ´ 3V-1V Submit Documentation Feedback Copyright © 2010, Texas Instruments Incorporated Product Folder Link(s): TLC5970 TLC5970 www.ti.com SBVS140 – MARCH 2010 ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS (continued) At VCC = 10 V to 36 V and TA = –40°C to +85°C. Typical values at VCC = 24 V, FB = 17 V, and TA = +25°C, unless otherwise noted. TLC5970 PARAMETER TEST CONDITIONS MIN TYP MAX UNIT DIFFERENTIAL INTERFACE BLOCK VITP Positive-going input threshold voltage At SDTA-SDTB or SCKA-SCKB pins. Common-mode, VIB = 1.5 V (see Figure 4) VITN Negative-going input threshold voltage At SDTA-SDTB or SCKA-SCKB pins. Common-mode, VIB = 1.5 V (see Figure 4) VITHYS Hysteresis voltage (|VITP – VITN|) Common-mode 0.2 –0.2 V 50 110 mV II At SDTA/SDTB/SCKA/SCKB pins. VIH = 12 V (other inputs at 0 V), VCC = 24 V 2 3 mA II1 At SDTA/SDTB/SCKA/SCKB pins. VIH = 12 V (other inputs at 0 V), VCC = 0 V 2 3 mA Input current 30 V II2 At SDTA/SDTB/SCKA/SCKB pins. VIH = –7 V (other inputs at 0 V), VCC = 24 V –3 –1.2 mA II3 At SDTA/SDTB/SCKA/SCKB pins. VIH = –7 V (other inputs at 0 V), VCC = 0 V –3 –1 mA 1.8 VOD Differential output voltage At SDTY-SDTZ or SCKY-SCKZ pins. 1/2 × RLDIF = 51 Ω (see Figure 6) 1 ΔVOD Change in magnitude of differential output voltage (5) At SDTY-SDTZ or SCKY-SCKZ pins. 1/2 × RLDIF = 51 Ω (see Figure 6) –0.2 VOC Steady-state common-mode output voltage At SDTY-SDTZ or SCKY-SCKZ pins. 1/2 × RLDIF = 51 Ω (see Figure 6) 1.5 ΔVOC Change in magnitude of steady-state common-mode output voltage (5) At SDTY-SDTZ or SCKY-SCKZ pins. 1/2 × RLDIF = 51 Ω (see Figure 6) –0.2 RINT Internal resistor between differential input pair At SDTA-SDTB or SCKA-SCKB pins. A pins = 0 V, B pins = 1.8 V IO Output current with power off At SDTY-SDTZ or SCKY-SCKZ pins. VCC = 0 V, –7 V ≤ SDTY/SDTZ/SCKY/SCKZ ≤ 12 V, 1 pin sweep, all other outputs are open (5) VREG/2 3 V 0.2 V 3 V 0.2 V 10 –10 ±1 kΩ 20 µA ΔVOD and ΔVOC are the changes in the steady-state magnitude of VOD and VOC, respectively, that occur when the output data change from a high level to a low level. Submit Documentation Feedback Copyright © 2010, Texas Instruments Incorporated Product Folder Link(s): TLC5970 7 TLC5970 SBVS140 – MARCH 2010 www.ti.com ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS (continued) At VCC = 10 V to 36 V and TA = –40°C to +85°C. Typical values at VCC = 24 V, FB = 17 V, and TA = +25°C, unless otherwise noted. TLC5970 PARAMETER TEST CONDITIONS MIN TYP MAX UNIT At VREG pin. CREG = 0.01 µF, GSn = 000h 4.75 5.0 5.25 V At VREGIF pin. CREG1 = 0.1 µF, RLDIF = 2 × 51 Ω 4.75 5.0 5.25 V WHOLE BLOCK VREG VREG1 Internal power-supply voltage VSTR Undervoltage lockout At VREG pin, VREG rising 3.8 4.1 4.4 V VHYS Undervoltage lockout hysteresis At VREG pin 250 350 450 mV ICC At VCC pin. SDTA/SCKA = 0 V, SDTB/SCKB = 3 V, SDTY/SDTZ/SCKY/SCKZ/PH/BOOT = open, PH not switching, VOUTn = 1.0 V, GSn = 000h, DCn = BC = 7Fh, RIREF = 15 kΩ, internal oscillator mode, and auto repeat mode 4.0 7.5 mA ICC1 At VCC pin. SDTA/SCKA = 0 V, SDTB/SCKB = 3 V, SDTY/SDTZ/SCKY/SCKZ/PH/BOOT = open, PH not switching, VOUTn = 1.0 V, GSn = 000h, DCn = BC = 7Fh, RIREF = 2 kΩ, internal oscillator mode, and auto repeat mode 7.5 10 mA ICC2 At VCC pin. SDTA/SDTB = 10 MHz, SCKA/SCKB = 20 MHz with 0 V to 3 V swing, SDTY-SDTZ/SCKY-SCKZ = RLDIF = 10 kΩ, CLDIF = 15 pF, PH/BOOT = open, PH is full switching, VOUTn = 1.0 V, GSn = FFFh, DCn = BC = 7Fh, RIREF = 2 kΩ, internal oscillator mode, and auto repeat mode 8.5 25 mA ICC3 At VCC pin. SDTA/SDTB = 10 MHz, SCKA/SCKB = 20 MHz with 0 V to 3 V swing, SDTY-SDTZ/SCKY-SCKZ = RLDIF = 2 × 51 Ω, CLDIF = 50 pF, PH/BOOT = open, PH is full switching, VOUTn = 1.0 V, GSn = FFFh, DCn = BC = 7Fh, RIREF = 2 kΩ, internal oscillator mode, and auto repeat mode 8.5 25 mA ICC4 At VCC pin. SDTA/SDTB = 10 MHz, SCKA/SCKB = 20 MHz with 0 V to 3 V swing, SDTY-SDTZ/SCKY-SCKZ = RLDIF = 2 × 51 Ω, CLDIF = 50 pF, PH/BOOT = open, PH is full switching, VOUTn = 1.0 V, GSn = FFFh, DCn = BC = 7Fh, RIREF = 1 kΩ, internal oscillator mode, and auto repeat mode 15 35 mA Supply current II4 Input current II5 At SWOFF pin. VIH = +5 V, VIL = GND TTSD Thermal shutdown trip point Rising junction temperature (6) THYST Thermal shutdown hysteresis Junction temperature (6) TPTD Pre thermal shutdown trip point Rising junction temperature THYSP Pre thermal shutdown hysteresis Junction temperature (6) (6) 8 –2 1000 µA 5 10 mA +150 +162 +175 °C +5 +10 +20 °C +125 +138 +150 °C +4 +8 +16 °C At VROM pin. VIH = +19.0 V (6) Not tested, specified by design. Submit Documentation Feedback Copyright © 2010, Texas Instruments Incorporated Product Folder Link(s): TLC5970 TLC5970 www.ti.com SBVS140 – MARCH 2010 SWITCHING CHARACTERISTICS At VCC = 10 V to 36 V, TA = –40°C to +85°C, RIREF = 1 kΩ, and VLED = 5.0 V. Typical values at VCC = 24 V and TA = +25°C, unless otherwise noted. TLC5970 PARAMETER tR0 Rise time TEST CONDITIONS TYP At SDTY, SDTZ, SCKY, or SCKZ pins. RLDIF = 2 × 51 Ω, CLDIF = 50 pF, SDTA-SDTB = SCKA-SCKB = 20 MHz, measured at 0.4 V differential point (see Figure 10 and Figure 11) tR1 At OUTn pins. DCn/BC = 7Fh, RLLED = 27 Ω, CLLED = 15 pF (see Figure 12) tF0 At SDTY, SDTZ, SCKY, or SCKZ pins. RLDIF = 2 × 51 Ω, CLDIF = 50 pF, SDTA-SDTB = SCKA-SCKB = 20 MHz, measured at 0.4 V differential point (see Figure 10 and Figure 11) Fall time MIN MAX UNIT 15 ns 15 ns 15 ns 10 35 ns 10 tF1 At OUTn pins. DCn/BC = 7Fh, RLLED = 27 Ω, CLLED = 15 pF (see Figure 12) tD0 (SCKA-SCKB)↑ – (SDTY-SDTZ) , RLDIF = 2 × 51 Ω, CLDIF = 50 pF, DSI mode = 2 (see Figure 10) 20 30 60 ns tD0A (SCKA-SCKB)↑ – (SDTY-SDTZ) , RLDIF = 2 × 51 Ω, CLDIF = 50 pF, DSI mode = 1 (see Figure 10) 30 50 90 ns tD0B (SCKA-SCKB) ↓ – (SDTY-SDTZ) , RLDIF = 2 × 51 Ω, CLDIF = 50 pF, DSI mode = 0 (see Figure 11) 20 30 55 ns tD1 (SCKA-SCKB)↑ – (SCKY-SCKZ)↑, RLDIF = 2 × 51 Ω, CLDIF = 50 pF, DSI mode = 2 (see Figure 10) 13 19 33 ns (SCKA-SCKB)↑ – (SCKY-SCKZ)↑, RLDIF = 2 × 51 Ω, CLDIF = 50 pF, DSI mode = 1 (see Figure 10) 13 19 33 ns tD1B (SCKA-SCKB)↑↓ – (SCKY-SCKZ)↑↓, RLDIF = 2 × 51 Ω, CLDIF = 50 pF, DSI mode = 0 (see Figure 11) 13 20 30 ns tD2 (1) (SCKY-SCKZ)↑ – (SDTY-SDTZ), RLDIF = 2 × 51 Ω, CLDIF = 50 pF, DSI mode = 2 5 11 30 ns tD2A (1) (SCKY-SCKZ)↑ – (SDTY-SDTZ), RLDIF = 2 × 51 Ω, CLDIF = 50 pF, DSI mode = 1 15 31 60 ns tD3 (SCKA-SCKB) ↑ – OUT0 turns on/off (see Figure 12) 12 30 60 ns tD4 (SCKA-SCKB) ↑ – OUT1 turns on/off (see Figure 12) 35 70 140 ns tD5 (SCKA-SCKB) ↑ – OUT2 turns on/off (see Figure 12) 55 110 220 ns tW Shift clock output one pulse width (SCKY-SCKZ)↑ – (SCKY-SCKZ) ↓ with DSI mode 1 or mode 2 (see Figure 10) 12 25 35 ns tW_ERR Shift clock output pulse width error High-level pulse width of (SCKA-SCKB) – high-level pulse width of (SCKY-SCKZ) with DSI mode 0 (see Figure 11) 10 ns fOSC Internal oscillator frequency fSW High-side MOS switching maximum frequency tD1A Propagation delay time tDTY0 tDTY1 tSCP (1) On-duty cycle Short-circuit detection time –10 8 10 12 MHz 1 1.25 1.5 MHz At PH pin. EEPROM data = 7h 83 86 90 % At PH pin. EEPROM data = 0h 15 18 21 % 2.4 4.0 µs At PH pin VFB < VSCP The propagation delays are calculated by tD2 = tD0 – tD1, tD2A = tD0A – tD1A. Submit Documentation Feedback Copyright © 2010, Texas Instruments Incorporated Product Folder Link(s): TLC5970 9 TLC5970 SBVS140 – MARCH 2010 www.ti.com FUNCTIONAL BLOCK DIAGRAM VCC VCC FB OVP/SCP FB VREG BOOT Voltage Reference Voltage Control with Soft-Start, Overvoltage Protection, and Short-Circuit Protection SWOFF Switch Timing Control FB 5-V Regulator PH PH High-Side MOS SW 10-MHz OSC VREG OUT 0 1/2 CLK SEL Display Timing Control VREG OUT 1 Constant-Current Control OUT 2 CLKSEL UVLO DSPRST 36 AUTORPT Thermal Detector 7 21 BC Data LSB VROM IREF0 MSB ROM Write Control LSB 7 IREF1 DC Data 7-Bit Brightness Control Second Latch 3 IREF2 GS Data MSB 12-Bit Function Control Data Latch 8 EEPROM (36-Bit) 29 0 LSB 13 DC Loadcnt 11 MSB VCC FB 21-Bit Dot Correction Data Latch TIMESEL 0 Latch Pulse Gen LSB 20 21 Select Switch MSB 36-Bit Grayscale Second Data Latch Address/Command 0 36 LSB Differential Line Receiver 0 SCKB 3 MSB 40-Bit Common Shift Register SDTB SCKA Differential Line Driver 35 LSB Clock Timing Adjust 0 VREGIF MSB 36-Bit Grayscale First Data Latch 19 SDTA 5-V Regulator 35 SDTY SDTZ 39 SCKY SCKZ GND 10 Submit Documentation Feedback Copyright © 2010, Texas Instruments Incorporated Product Folder Link(s): TLC5970 TLC5970 www.ti.com SBVS140 – MARCH 2010 PIN CONFIGURATIONS DAP PACKAGE HTSSOP-32 PowerPAD (TOP VIEW) VCC NC PH 24 23 22 (1) GND 26 NC SWOFF 27 25 VREG 28 RHP PACKAGE QFN-28 (TOP VIEW) GND 1 32 VCC SWOFF 2 31 NC VREG 3 30 PH VREGIF 4 29 BOOT VREGIF 1 21 BOOT (1) 5 28 NC IREF2 2 20 FB IREF2 6 27 FB IREF1 3 19 OUT2 IREF1 7 26 NC IREF0 4 18 OUT1 IREF0 8 25 OUT2 VROM 5 17 OUT0 NC 9 24 OUT1 SDTA 6 16 SDTY VROM 10 23 OUT0 SDTB 7 15 SDTZ NC 11 22 NC SDTA 12 21 SDTY SDTB 13 20 SDTZ NC 14 19 NC SCKA 15 18 SCKY SCKB 16 17 SCKZ 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 SCKA SCKB NC SCKZ SCKY NC Thermal Pad (Bottom Side) Thermal Pad (Bottom Side) NC NC (1) NC = not connected Submit Documentation Feedback Copyright © 2010, Texas Instruments Incorporated Product Folder Link(s): TLC5970 11 TLC5970 SBVS140 – MARCH 2010 www.ti.com TERMINAL FUNCTIONS TERMINAL NAME DAP RHP I/O SDTA 12 6 I Noninverting serial data input DESCRIPTION SDTB 13 7 I Inverting serial data input SCKA 15 9 I Noninverting data shift clock input. All data in the Common Shift Register are shifted to the MSB side by 1 bit and synchronized to the rising edge of the differential clock generated by SCKA and SCKB. The differential data made by SDTA and SDTB are shifted into the Common Shift Register LSB at the same time. SCKB 16 10 I Inverting data shift clock input. All data in the shift register are shifted to the MSB side by 1 bit synchronized to the rising edge of the differential clock generated by SCKA and SCKB. The differential data made by SDTA and SDTB are shifted into the Common Shift Register LSB at the same time. SDTY 21 16 O Noninverting serial data output SDTZ 20 15 O Inverting serial data output SCKY 18 13 O Noninverting serial data shift clock output SCKZ 17 12 O Inverting serial data shift clock output SWOFF 2 27 I Disable buck converter. When SWOFF is connected to VREG, the buck converter is not operated and the OVP/SCP flag is not set even if the device is in an error condition. When SWOFF is low, the buck converter is operated. This terminal is internally pulled down to GND by approximately a 10 kΩ resistor. VROM 10 5 IREF0 8 4 I/O IREF1 7 3 I/O EEPROM writing power supply. When this pin level is 19 V, EEPROM can be programmed for dot correction data. This pin must be open in normal operation. This terminal is pulled down to GND by approximately a 10 kΩ resistor internally. The resistors connected from IREF0, IREF1, and IREF2 to GND set the maximum sink current for OUT0, OUT1, and OUT2, respectively. IREF2 6 2 I/O OUT0 23 17 O OUT1 24 18 O OUT2 25 19 O VREG 3 28 O Internal regulator output. This pin requires a 0.01 µF decoupling capacitor to ground. This output cannot be used for any other function and no current can be pulled from this output. VREGIF 4 1 O Internal regulator output for the differential interface circuit. This pin requires a 0.1 µF decoupling capacitor. This output cannot be used for any other function and no current can be pulled from this output. FB 27 20 I Feedback voltage input for the converter and power-supply for differential signal interface output and LED driver. Connect this pin to the dc/dc converter output voltage. The FB pin must not be opened, otherwise higher voltage than the absolute maximum voltage is generated. PH 30 22 O Source of the high-side power MOSFET. Connected to an external inductor and diode. BOOT 29 21 I/O Boost capacitor for the high-side power MOSFET gate driver. A capacitor is connected between BOOT and PH. VCC 32 24 — Power-supply voltage GND 1 26 — Power ground 5, 9, 11, 14, 8, 11, 14, 19, 22, 26, 23, 25 28, 31 NC Thermal pad 12 — — Constant-current sink output. Multiple outputs can be tied together to increase the constant-current capability. No internal connection. These pins are not electrically connected to the IC. They should be soldered to the PCB. Connecting these pins to ground provides improved thermal performance. — The DAP package thermal pad is electrically connected to ground inside the package. This pad should be connected to the ground plane on the PCB for best thermal performance. It does not need to be soldered to the PCB if thermal performance is not needed. This pad cannot be connected to any other voltage other than ground. See the mechanical drawings at the end of this document for more information. The RHP package thermal pad is electrically connected to ground inside the package. This pad must be connected to the ground plane on the PCB for best thermal performance and for mechanical reasons. This pad cannot be connected to any other voltage other than ground. See the mechanical drawings at the end of this document for more information. Submit Documentation Feedback Copyright © 2010, Texas Instruments Incorporated Product Folder Link(s): TLC5970 TLC5970 www.ti.com SBVS140 – MARCH 2010 PARAMETRIC MEASUREMENT INFORMATION PIN EQUIVALENT INPUT/OUTPUT SCHEMATICS VREGIF VREGIF R2 R1 Input R3 Output R7 To B Input Figure 1. SDTA/SCKA Figure 3. SDTY/SCKY, SDTZ/SCKZ VREGIF OUTn R5 R4 Input GND Figure 4. OUT0 Through OUT2 R6 R7 To A Input Figure 2. SDTB/SCKB Submit Documentation Feedback Copyright © 2010, Texas Instruments Incorporated Product Folder Link(s): TLC5970 13 TLC5970 SBVS140 – MARCH 2010 www.ti.com TEST CIRCUITS VCC VFB FB xA VCC High or Low xB VIA GND VIB Figure 5. Receiver Test Circuit for SDTA/B and SCKA/B VCC FB xY VFB 1/2 RLDIF VCC VOD High or Low 1/2 RLDIF xZ VOC GND Figure 6. Driver VOD and VOC Test Circuit for SDTY/Z and SCKY/Z VCC VFB High or Low FB xY xA VCC Output RLDIF CLDIF (1) xB VIA xZ VIB GND (1) CLDIF includes probe and jig capacitance. Figure 7. Rise/Fall Time and Propagation Delay Test Circuit for SDTY/Z and SCKY/Z 14 Submit Documentation Feedback Copyright © 2010, Texas Instruments Incorporated Product Folder Link(s): TLC5970 TLC5970 www.ti.com SBVS140 – MARCH 2010 VFB VCC VCC OUTn IREFn RIREF RLLED VFB VLED CLLED GND Figure 8. Rise/Fall Time Test Circuit for OUTn VFB VCC VCC VFB OUTn IREFn RIREF OUTn GND VOUTn VOUTfix Figure 9. Constant-Current Test Circuit for OUTn Submit Documentation Feedback Copyright © 2010, Texas Instruments Incorporated Product Folder Link(s): TLC5970 15 TLC5970 SBVS140 – MARCH 2010 www.ti.com TIMING DIAGRAMS TSU, TH, tD0, tD0A, tD1, tD1A, tW, tR0, tF0 1V SDTA 0V 1V SDTB 0V TSU TH 1V SCKA 0V 1V SCKB 0V tD0/tD0A tD0/tD0A SDTY SDTZ Output Voltage Difference (SDTY - SDTZ) 0.4 V 0V -0.4 V tR0 tD1/tD1A tF0 SCKY SCKZ tW Output Voltage Difference (SCKY - SCKZ) 0.4 V 0V -0.4 V tR0 tF0 Figure 10. Input/Output Timing 1 (DSI Mode = 1 or 2) 16 Submit Documentation Feedback Copyright © 2010, Texas Instruments Incorporated Product Folder Link(s): TLC5970 TLC5970 www.ti.com SBVS140 – MARCH 2010 TSU, TH, tD0B, tD1B, tR0, tF0 1V SDTA 0V 1V SDTB 0V TSU TH 1V SCKA 0V tW_SCKAB 1V SCKB 0V SDTY tD0B tD0B SDTZ Output Voltage Difference (SDTY - SDTZ) 0.4 V 0V -0.4 V tR0 tF0 tD1B tD1B SCKY tW_SCKYZ SCKZ Output Voltage Difference (SCKY - SCKZ) 0.4 V 0V -0.4 V tR0 tF0 (1) tW_ERR = tW_SCKYZ – tW_SCKAB. Figure 11. Input/Output Timing 2 (DSI Mode = 0)(1) Submit Documentation Feedback Copyright © 2010, Texas Instruments Incorporated Product Folder Link(s): TLC5970 17 TLC5970 SBVS140 – MARCH 2010 www.ti.com tR1, tF1, tD3, tD4, tD5 1V SCKA 0V 1V SCKB 0V tD3 (tD4, tD5) tD3 (tD4, tD5) 5V 90% OUT0 (OUT1, OUT2) 50% 10% 1V tF1 tR1 Figure 12. Output Timing 18 Submit Documentation Feedback Copyright © 2010, Texas Instruments Incorporated Product Folder Link(s): TLC5970 TLC5970 www.ti.com SBVS140 – MARCH 2010 TYPICAL CHARACTERISTICS Need conditions. REFERENCE RESISTOR vs OUTPUT CURRENT POWER DISSIPATION vs FREE-AIR TEMPERATURE 6000 Power Dissipation Rate (mW) RIREF, Reference Resistor (kW) 100 15 10 7.5 2.5 3.75 1.5 1 0 TLC5970RHB 4000 3000 TLC5970DAP PowerPAD Not Soldered 2000 1000 1.25 1.072 1 1.875 TLC5970DAP PowerPAD Soldered 5000 0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100 110 120 130 140 150 -40 IO = 150 mA TA = +25°C VCC = +24 V BC = 7Fh 140 140 Output Current (mA) Output Current (mA) IO = 120 mA 120 IO = 100 mA 100 IO = 80 mA 80 IO = 60 mA 40 TA = +25°C, VCC = +24 V DC = 7Fh, BC = 7Fh IO = 10 mA IO = 150 mA 120 IO = 100 mA 100 IO = 60 mA 80 60 40 IO = 10 mA 20 20 0 0 0 1.5 1.0 0.5 2.0 2.5 3.0 0 Output Voltage (V) 160 120 16 32 48 64 96 80 112 128 Dot Correction Data (dec) Figure 15. Figure 16. GLOBAL BRIGHTNESS LINEARITY CONSTANT-CURRENT OUTPUT VOLTAGE WAVEFORM TA = +25°C VCC = +24 V DC = 7Fh 140 Output Current (mA) 100 DOT CORRECTION LINEARITY 160 IO = 20 mA 80 Figure 14. OUTPUT CURRENT vs OUTPUT VOLTAGE 60 60 40 Free-Air Temperature (°C) Figure 13. 160 20 0 -20 IOLC, Output Current (mA) CH1-SCKA (20 MHz) CH1 (2 V/div) IO = 150 mA CH2-OUT0 CH2 (2 V/div) IO = 100 mA 100 IO = 60 mA 80 CH3 (2 V/div) 60 40 IO = 10 mA CH4 (2 V/div) 20 IOLCMax = 150 mA DCn = BC = 7Fh GSn = 001h External GS CLK No Buck Conv Mode SCKA/SCKB = 20MHz CH3-OUT1 CH4-OUT2 0 0 16 32 48 64 80 96 112 128 Time (12.5 ns/div) Brightness Control Data (dec) Figure 17. Figure 18. Submit Documentation Feedback Copyright © 2010, Texas Instruments Incorporated Product Folder Link(s): TLC5970 19 TLC5970 SBVS140 – MARCH 2010 www.ti.com APPLICATION INFORMATION MAXIMUM CONSTANT SINK CURRENT VALUE The TLC5970 maximum constant sink current value for each channel, IOLCMax, is determined by an external resistor, RIREF, placed between IREFn and GND. IREFn determines the maximum current of OUTn, where n represents outputs 0, 1, or 2. The RIREF resistor value is calculated with Equation 1: RIREF (kW) = VIREF (V) ´ 125 IOLCMax (mA) Where: VIREF = the internal reference voltage on the IREF pin (1.20 V, typically). (1) IOLCMax is the largest current for each output. Each output sinks the IOLCMax current when it is turned on, the dot correction is set to the maximum value of 7Fh (127d), and global brightness control data are 7Fh (127d). Each output sink current can be reduced by lowering the output dot correction and brightness control values. RIREF must be between 1 kΩ (typical) and 15 kΩ (typical) to keep IOLCMax between 10 mA and 150 mA. The output may be unstable when IOLCMax is set lower than 10 mA. Output currents lower than 10 mA can be achieved by setting IOLCMax to 10 mA or higher and then using dot correction and global brightness control. The constant sink current versus external resistor, RIREF, characteristics are shown in Figure 13 and Table 1. Table 1. Maximum Constant Current versus External Resistor Value IOLCMax (mA) RIREF (kΩ, Typical) 150 1.00 140 1.07 120 1.25 100 1.50 80 1.88 60 2.50 40 3.75 20 7.50 10 15.0 DOT CORRECTION (DC) AND GLOBAL BRIGHTNESS CONTROL (BC) FUNCTION (CURRENT CONTROL) The TLC5970 has the capability to adjust the output current of each channel (OUT0 to OUT2) individually. This function is called dot correction (DC). The DC data are seven bits long, which allows each channel output current to be adjusted in 128 steps from 0% to 100% of the maximum output current, IOLCMax. The DC data are entered into the TLC5970 via the serial interface and can be stored into the internal EEPROM. When the IC is powered on, DC data are automatically loaded into the DC data latch from the EEPROM. The TLC5970 also has the capability to adjust all output currents at the same time. This function is called global brightness control (BC). The BC data are seven bits long, which allows all three output channel currents to be adjusted in 128 steps from 0% to 100% of the maximum output current, IOLCMax. The BC data are entered into the TLC5970 via the serial interface. The brightness control data cannot be stored into EEPROM. When IC is powered on, BC data are automatically set to 7Fh (127d). 20 Submit Documentation Feedback Copyright © 2010, Texas Instruments Incorporated Product Folder Link(s): TLC5970 TLC5970 www.ti.com SBVS140 – MARCH 2010 Equation 2 determines each output (OUTn) sink current: DCn IOUTn (mA) = IOLCMax (mA) ´ 127d ´ BC 127d Where: IOLCMax = the maximum channel current for each channel determined by RIREFn DCn = the decimal dot correction value for each OUTn in the DC latch (DCn = 0d to 127d) BC = the decimal brightness control value in the brightness control latch (BC = 0d to 127d) (2) DC, BC, and function current control data are shown in Table 2, Table 3, and Table 4, respectively. Table 2. DC Data versus Current Ratio and Set Current Value SET CURRENT RATIO TO MAXIMUM CURRENT (%) DC DATA (Binary) DC DATA (Decimal) DC DATA (Hex) BC DATA (Hex) 150 mA IOLCMax (mA, Typical) 10 mA IOLCMax (mA, Typical) 000 0000 0 00 7F 0 0 0 000 0001 1 01 7F 0.8 1.18 0.08 000 0010 2 02 7F 1.6 2.36 0.16 — — — — — — — 111 1101 125 7D 7F 98.4 147.64 9.84 111 1110 126 7E 7F 99.2 148.82 9.92 111 1111 127 7F 7F 100.0 150.00 10.00 Table 3. BC Data versus Current Ratio and Set Current Value SET CURRENT RATIO TO MAXIMUM CURRENT (%) BC DATA (Binary) BC DATA (Decimal) BC DATA (Hex) DC DATA (Hex) 150 mA IOLCMax (mA, Typical) 10 mA IOLCMax (mA, Typical) 000 0000 0 00 7F 0 0 0 000 0001 1 01 7F 0.8 1.18 0.08 000 0010 2 02 7F 1.6 2.36 0.16 — — — — — — — 111 1101 125 7D 7F 98.4 147.64 9.84 111 1110 126 7E 7F 99.2 148.82 9.92 111 1111 127 7F 7F 100.0 150.00 10.00 Table 4. DC and BC Data versus Current Ratio and Set Current Value BC DATA (Hex) DC DATA (Hex) SET CURRENT RATIO TO MAXIMUM CURRENT (%) 00 00 01 01 02 — 150 mA IOLCMax (mA, Typical) 10 mA IOLCMax (mA, Typical) 0 0 0 0 0.01 0 02 0.01 0.04 0 — — — — 7D 7D 96.88 145.31 9.69 7E 7E 98.43 147.65 9.84 7F 7F 100.0 150.00 10.00 Submit Documentation Feedback Copyright © 2010, Texas Instruments Incorporated Product Folder Link(s): TLC5970 21 TLC5970 SBVS140 – MARCH 2010 www.ti.com GRAYSCALE (GS) FUNCTION (PWM CONTROL) The OUTn PWM control is controlled by a 12-bit grayscale counter that is clocked on each rising edge of either the internal oscillator or the shift clock signal generated by the differential signal, SCKA and SCKB. When bit 9 in the Function Control Data Latch is '0', the internal oscillator drives the PWM grayscale counter. When bit 9 is '1', SCKA and SCKB drive the grayscale counter. The OUTn that are programmed with a non-zero grayscale value (GSn) turn on at the first rising edge of the selected clock after the internal latch pulse generation. After the internal latch latch pulse goes high, the 12-bit grayscale counter counts the clock rising edges. Each OUTn stays on until the grayscale counter value is larger than the output GSn value. OUTn turns off on the rising edge of the clock. When the IC powers up, all data in the Grayscale Data Latch are set to '0'. Therefore, GSn data must be written into the Grayscale Data Latch to turn on OUTn. Equation 3 determines each OUTn on-time (tOUT_ON): tOUT_ON (ns) = tGSCLK (ns) ´ GSn Where: tGSCLK = Twice the period of the internal oscillator frequency if the internal clock is selected. One period of the shift clock frequency is generated by the differential signal if the external clock is selected. GSn = the programmed grayscale value for OUTn (GSn = 0d to 4095d) (3) AUTO DISPLAY REPEAT Auto display repeat, DSPRPT, allows OUTn to continuously turn on for multiple PWM cycles without the need to continuously reprogram the PWM grayscale registers. When Auto Repeat is enabled, bit 8 in the Function Control Data Latch is '1' and OUTn automatically turns on again at the next rising clock of the internal oscillator. When Auto Display Repeat is disabled by setting the control bit to '0', OUTn do not turn on again until an internal latch pulse is generated and another GS clock pulse goes high. This timing is shown in Figure 19 and Figure 20. Table 5. GS Data versus OUTn On-Duty and OUTn On-Time 22 OUTn ON-DUTY RATIO AGAINST MAXIMUM CODE (%) OUTn ON-TIME WHEN 5 MHz INTERNAL OSCILLATOR IS SELECTED FOR GS CLOCK (µs, Typical) GS DATA (Binary) GS DATA (Decimal) GS DATA (Hex) 0000 0000 0000 0 000 0 0 0000 0000 0001 1 001 0.02 0.20 0000 0000 0010 2 002 0.05 0.40 — — — — — 0111 1111 1111 2047 7FF 49.99 409.4 1000 0000 0000 2048 800 50.01 409.6 1000 0000 0001 2049 801 50.04 409.8 — — — — — 1111 1111 1101 4093 FFD 99.95 818.6 1111 1111 1110 4094 FFE 99.98 818.8 1111 1111 1111 4095 FFF 100.00 819.0 Submit Documentation Feedback Copyright © 2010, Texas Instruments Incorporated Product Folder Link(s): TLC5970 TLC5970 www.ti.com SBVS140 – MARCH 2010 SDTA SDTB SCKA SCKB Generated Shift Data (Internal) Generated Shift Data (Internal) Shift Register Bit 0 (Internal) Shift Register Bit 1 (Internal) Shift Register Bit 2 (Internal) D39 D38 1 D39 D37 2 D36 3 D35 4 D6 5 D5 34 D3 D4 35 36 D2 37 D0 D1 38 39 40 D36 D35 D6 D5 D4 D3 D2 D1 D0 D39 D38 D37 D36 D7 D6 D5 D4 D3 D2 D1 D39 D38 D37 D8 D7 D6 D5 D4 D3 D2 D39 D38 Shift Register Bit 38 (Internal) Shift Register Bit 39 (Internal) ¼ ¼ D37 ¼ ¼ D38 D39 SDTY SDTZ SCKY Latch pulse is generated with the programmed internal latch delay time from last rising edge of the shift clock. SCKZ Latch Pulse (Internal) Addressed Latch Bit 0 (Internal) D0 Addressed Latch Bit 1 (Internal) D1 Addressed Latch Bit 2 (Internal) D2 ¼ ¼ ¼ ¼ Addressed Latch Bit 34 (Internal) D34 Addressed Latch Bit 35 (Internal) D35 Figure 19. Serial Data Input/Output Timing Diagram 1 Submit Documentation Feedback Copyright © 2010, Texas Instruments Incorporated Product Folder Link(s): TLC5970 23 TLC5970 SBVS140 – MARCH 2010 www.ti.com SDTA SDTB SCKA SCKB Generated Shift Data (Internal) D39A D38A D37A D36A D35A 1 2 3 4 5 D6A D5A 34 D4A D3A D2A D1A D0A 36 37 38 39 40 35 Generated Shift Data (Internal) Shift Register Bit 1 (Internal) Shift Register Bit 2 (Internal) D39A D38A D37A D36A D35A D6A D5A D4A D3A D2A D1A D0A RD1 RD0 D39A D38A D37A D36A D7A D6A D5A D4A D3A D2A D1A D2 RD2 RD1 RD0 D39A D38A D37A D8A D7A D6A D5A D4A D3A D2A RDn are the SID or EEPROM read data. RD4 RD3 RD2 RD1 RD0 D39A D38A RD5 RD4 RD3 RD2 RD1 RD0 D39A D0 D1 D38 D37 D36 Shift Register Bit 39 (Internal) D39 D38 D37 ¼ Shift Register Bit 38 (Internal) ¼ ¼ RD0 ¼ Shift Register Bit 0 (Internal) RD35 RD34 RD33 D36 RD35 RD34 SDTY D39+ D38+ D37+ D36+ D35+ RD5+ RD4+ RD3+ RD2+ RD1+ RD0+ D39A+ SDTZ D39- D38- D35- RD5- RD4- RD3- RD2- RD1- RD0- D39A- D37- D36- SCKY SCKZ Latch Pulse (Internal) Addressed Latch Bit 0 (Internal) D0 Addressed Latch Bit 1 (Internal) D1 Addressed Latch Bit 2 (Internal) D2 D34 Addressed Latch Bit 35 (Internal) D35 ¼ ¼ ¼ ¼ Addressed Latch Bit 34 (Internal) Figure 20. Serial Data Input/Output Timing Diagram 2 (SID/EEPROM Data Read) 24 Submit Documentation Feedback Copyright © 2010, Texas Instruments Incorporated Product Folder Link(s): TLC5970 TLC5970 www.ti.com SBVS140 – MARCH 2010 DIFFERENTIAL SIGNAL INTERFACE This device has a differential signal receiver and differential signal driver. These differential components provide very reliable, high-quality signal integrity over long distances. This integrity allows very large distances between the display pixels without the need for additional drive circuitry. The drivers are enabled one second after the IC powers up. A 10-kΩ resistor is internally mounted between SDTA and SDTB/SCKA and SCKB. Table 6 shows a truth table of the differential signal interface receiver and driver. Table 6. Differential Signal Interface Truth Table RECEIVER (SDTA-SDTB, SCKA-SCKB) DRIVER (SDTY-SDTZ, SCKY-SCKZ) DIFFERENTIAL OUTPUTS DIFFERENTIAL INPUTS (VID = SDTA/SCKA – SDTB/SCKB) INTERNAL INPUT DATA VID ≥ 0.2 V High –0.2 V < VID < 0.2 V Undefined VID ≤ –0.2 V Low Open input Low DRIVER INPUT SDTY/SCKY SDTZ/SCKZ Low Low High High High Low BUCK DC/DC CONVERTER The buck converter operates with the Pulse Frequency Mode (PFM).The buck converter controls the LED anode voltage to keep the LED cathode voltage to approximately 1 V for high efficiency and reduces the system power-supply current. The LED anode voltage is controlled by the buck converter in this manner: 1. After the IC powers on, the LED anode voltage charges up to the FB voltage set by EEPROM with a soft-start squence. The maximum time of the soft-start sequence is 800 ms. 2. The LED then turns on and comparators check the OUTn voltage when all LED are turned on at the 32nd GSCLK. If the lowest voltage in OUT0 to OUT2 is below 0.9 V when all OUTn are on at 32nd GSCLK, the buck converter target voltage is changed by one step to a higher voltage at the rising edge of the 33rd GSCLK. If the lowest voltage in OUT0 to OUT2 is above 1.1 V, the buck converter target voltage changes by one step to a lower voltage. If the lowest voltage in OUT0 to OUT2 is between 0.9 V and 1.1 V, then the buck converter target voltage remains at the previous voltage. 3. If the highest voltage in OUT0 to OUT2 exceeds 4.0 V at the 32nd GSCLK rising edge when all OUTn are on, then the buck converter target voltage does not change to a higher voltage side. Parameter Selection for Buck Converter The following steps select the parameters for the buck converter. 1. PH on-time selection: VFB Minimum Voltage Calculated PH On-Duty Ratio1 (%) = ´ 100 VCC Maximum Input Voltage Where: VFB = the number of LEDs in series × LED minimum forward voltage (VF) + 1.0 V (4) Select the closest and smaller number in Table12, then calculate PH on-duty ratio1 (%). Example: VCC = 24 V (typical) and 25 V (maximum). LED forward voltage (VF) = 3.2 V (minimum) and 3.5 V (typical). Two LEDs are connected in series. Thus, VFB = 2 × 3.2 + 1 = 7.4 V. The PH on-duty ratio1 (%) = 7.4/25 = 29.6%. Therefore, 29% code ('1h') should be selected for PH on-duty. So, the selected PH on-duty in the EEPROM write data latch is 29%. Submit Documentation Feedback Copyright © 2010, Texas Instruments Incorporated Product Folder Link(s): TLC5970 25 TLC5970 SBVS140 – MARCH 2010 www.ti.com 2. Inductor value and current selection: VFB Maximum Voltage PH On-Duty Ratio2 (%) = ´ 100 VCC Minimum Input Voltage (5) Example: VCC = 23 V (minimum), 24 V (typical), and 25 V (maximum). LED forward voltage (VF) = 3.2 V (minimum), 3.5 V (typical), and 3.8 V (maximum). Two LEDs are connected in series. Thus, VFB = 2 × 3.8 + 1 = 8.6 V. The PH on-duty ratio 2 (%) = 8.6/23 = 37.4% in this case. Calculate inductor peak current (mA): IOUT + IFBn Selected PH On-Duty Inductor Peak Current (mA) = ´2 PH On-Duty Ratio2 h 100 Where: IOUT (mA) = Total current of LEDs connected to OUT0/1/2. IFBn (mA) = Maximum input current of IFB pin. h (%) = Efficiency of TLC5970 buck converter (recommended to use 90). (6) Example: In case all LED currents are set to 60 mA by the 2.50-kΩ external resistor and total current is 180 mA. IFB3 in this data sheet is used when the differential interface output drives the next TLC5970 without a resistor between SDTA/SDTB and SCKA/SCKB. Therefore: 180 + 115 ´2 29 37.4 ILPK (mA) = = 845.5 mA 90 100 (7) A 25% margin for inductor variation is required. Thus, ILPK = 845.5 × 1.25 = 1057 mA. The maximum inductor current should be larger than 1057 mA. However, the TLC5970 PH peak current must be less than 2 A in any case. 3. Calculate inductor value (µH) for minimum inductor value: 1 Inductor Value (mH) = VCC Voltage (V, Minimum) ´ Maximum PH Switching Frequency (MHz, Maximum) (8) Selected PH On-Duty (%) ILPH (mA) ´ 1000 (9) Example: VCC = 23 V (minimum), 24 V (typical), and 25 V (maximum). Maximum PH switching frequency is 1.5 MHz. The selected PH on-duty ratio as calculated by Equation 4 is 29%. ILPK (mA) is 1057 mA as calculated by Equation 6. 0.29 Therefore, the inductor value (mH) = 23 ´ 1 ´ 1.5 1057 ´ 1000 0.29 = 23 ´ 0.67 ´ 1057 ´ 1000 = 4.2 mH (10) 26 Submit Documentation Feedback Copyright © 2010, Texas Instruments Incorporated Product Folder Link(s): TLC5970 TLC5970 www.ti.com SBVS140 – MARCH 2010 4. Calculate inductor peak current that should be selected: The TLC5970 PH peak current must be less than 2 A and ILPK must not be greater than 2 A in any case. 1 Inductor Peak Current (A) = VCC (V, Maximum) ´ Maximum PH Switching Frequency (MHz, Maximum) Selected PH On-Duty Inductor Value (mH) <2A (11) Example: In this case, 25 × 0.67 × 0.29/4.2 = 1.15 A. So the inductor value is correct. As the result of the above calculation, the inductor value should be selected over 4.2 µH and the inductor peak current should be over 1.15 A. Figure 21 shows a block diagram of the buck dc/dc converter; Figure 22 details the buck dc/dc converter operation. Figure 23 and Figure 24 illustrate the timings of the external and internal GS clock mode for PWM operation, respectively. VCC Boot Regulator BOOT OSC (10 MHz) C2 Buck Converter Switching Control with Soft-Start VREF L1 PH PH High-Side MOS SW C1 D1 SCP/TSD FB UVLO ERR_VO OR LEDBn RRED DAC LEDGn 4.0 V HI_VO LEDRn AND EEPROM LEDB1 1.1 V LOW_VO Buck Converter Target Voltage Control LEDR1 0.9 V 5 MHz 1/2 Divider External Clock From Differential Signal Interface Pin, SCKA and SCKB Clock Select LED On-Off Timing Control LEDG1 OR ConstantCurrent Control OUT0 OUT1 OUT2 IREF0 Control Data From Logic Circuit Block RIREF0 IREF1 RIREF1 IREF2 RIREF2 GND Figure 21. Buck DC/DC Converter Operation Submit Documentation Feedback Copyright © 2010, Texas Instruments Incorporated Product Folder Link(s): TLC5970 27 TLC5970 SBVS140 – MARCH 2010 www.ti.com LED Is Off LED Is On LED Is Off FB target voltage set by the DAC. FB Voltage 5. The FB voltage increases because the current is charged from L1 into C1. The FB voltage falling slope becomes sharp when the LED lamp is turned on. ON MOS Switcher The FB voltage falling slope becomes mild when the LED lamp is turned off. 1. When the FB voltage falls below the FB target voltage set by the DAC, the MOS switcher is turned on to synchronize the internal oscillator with the EEPROM-programmed on-time. OFF 2. The PH voltage goes to a VCC level when the MOS swicher is turned on and then charges the current to L1. 6. When the L1 current becomes zero, the resonance starts. VCC FB PH GND D1 Forward Voltage 4. PH voltage drops with the D1 forward voltage from GND. 3. When the MOS switcher is turned off, the current in the inductor is discharged to the capacitor connected to FB. L1 Current 0 mA Figure 22. Buck DC/DC Converter Block Diagram 28 Submit Documentation Feedback Copyright © 2010, Texas Instruments Incorporated Product Folder Link(s): TLC5970 TLC5970 www.ti.com SBVS140 – MARCH 2010 SDTA SDTB SCKA SCKB The latch pulse is generated after the programmed time from the last serial clock rising edge. Pre-Boost Period 1 2 17 18 1040 1041 4111 4112 1 2 Generated Shift Clock (Internal) Generated Shift Register Data (Internal) The GS first and second latches are updated at the same time when the latch pulse is generated with the display timing reset mode enabled. Generated Latch Pulse (Internal) GS First Latch Data (Internal) GS Second Latch Data (Internal) 1/2 Divided Internal Oscillator Clock (Internal) Grayscale Counter (Internal) XXX FF0 FF1 001 400 002 401 FFE FFF 000 001 002 1 Function Control Bit 13 (External GS clock) 0 1 Function Control Bit 14 (Display Timing Reset) 0 GS counter is set to FF0h when the latch pulse is generated for GS data when the display timing reset bit is '1'. OFF OUTn (GSDATA = 000h) ON No drivers turn on when grayscale data are '0'. T = Shift Clock ´ 1 OFF OUTn (GSDATA = 001h) OUTn is not turned on again until the next latch pulse is input for auto repeat off mode (AutoRpt bit of the function control latch = 0). ON OUTn is turned on again for auto repeat on mode (AutoRpt bit of the function control latch = 1). OFF OUTn (GSDATA = 3FFh) OFF ¼ ON ¼ ¼ OUTn (GSDATA = 002h) T = Shift Clock ´ 1023 ON T = Shift Clock ´ 1024 OFF OUTn (GSDATA = 400h) ON OFF OUTn (GSDATA = FFEh) OFF ON OFF OUTn (GSDATA = FFFh) T = Shift Clock ´ 4094 ¼ ON ¼ ¼ OUTn (GSDATA = 401h) T = Shift Clock ´ 4095 ON Figure 23. PWM Operation (External GS Clock Mode) Submit Documentation Feedback Copyright © 2010, Texas Instruments Incorporated Product Folder Link(s): TLC5970 29 TLC5970 SBVS140 – MARCH 2010 www.ti.com SDTA SDTB SCKA SCKB The latch pulse is generated after the programmed time from the last shift clock rising edge. 1 2 3 Generated Shift Clock (Internal) Generated Shift Register (Internal) The GS first latch data are copied to the second latch at the 4096th rising edge of the reference clock when auto-repeat mode is on and while in no GS counter reset mode. Generated Latch Pulse (Internal) GS First Latch (Internal) GS Second Latch (Internal) 4096 1 2 1022 1023 1024 1025 1026 1027 4095 4096 1 2 3 4094 4095 4096 1 2 3 4 1/2 Divided Internal Oscillator Clock (Internal) Grayscale Counter (Internal) FFF 000 001 3FE 3FF 400 401 402 FFF 000 001 002 FFE FFF 000 001 001 002 1 Function Control Bit 13 (External Grayscale Clock) 0 1 Function Control Bit 14 (Display Timing Reset) 0 No drivers turn on when the grayscale data are '0'. OUTn OFF (GSDATA = 000h) ON OUTn is not turned on again until the next latch pulse input when auto repeat is off (AutoRpt bit of the function control latch = 0). T = Internal OSC Clock ´ 1 OFF OUTn (GSDATA = 001h) ON OUTn (GSDATA = 002h) ¼ OUTn (GSDATA = 3FFh) ON T = Internal OSC Clock ´ 1023 OFF ON OFF OUTn (GSDATA = 400h) ¼ OUTn (GSDATA = FFEh) T = Internal OSC Clock ´ 1024 ON OFF OUTn (GSDATA = 401h) OUTn is not turned on again for auto repeat on mode (AutoRpt bit of the function control latch = 1) T = Internal OSC Clock ´ 2 OFF T = Internal OSC Clock ´ 1025 ON T = Internal OSC Clock ´ 4094 OFF ON T = Internal OSC Clock ´ 4095 OFF OUTn (GSDATA = FFFh) ON Figure 24. PWM Operation (Internal GS Clock Mode) 30 Submit Documentation Feedback Copyright © 2010, Texas Instruments Incorporated Product Folder Link(s): TLC5970 TLC5970 www.ti.com SBVS140 – MARCH 2010 REGISTER AND DATA LATCH CONFIGURATION The TLC5970 has five writable data latches, two readable registers, and one error release address. All data written into or read from these registers and data latches go through the differential signal interfaces and the 40-bit Common Shift Register. The first four most significant bits (MSBs) in the 40-bit Common Shift Register are used to define which internal latch the data are transferred into. Data in the 40-bit Common Shift Register are automatically transferred into an internal latch or data from the internal latch are automatically transferred into the 40-bit Common Shift Register when the TLC5970 generates the internal latch signal. Figure 25 shows the shift register and data latch configurations. Table 7 lists the assignment of latch addresses. Table 7. Register/Data Latch Address Assignment ADDRESS (4-Bit) BINARY DECIMAL HEX READ/WRITE SELCTED DATA LATCH/FUNCTION 0000 0 0 W Grayscale (GS) data latch. These data control LED brightness by PWM. 0001-1000 1-8 1-8 — No assigned latch. Data are not transferred when these addresses are selected. 1001 9 9 W Restart operation. If the TLC5970 is disabled because of overvoltage protection (OVP) or short-circuit protection (SCP), writing any value to the Restart Operation latch enables the TLC5970. Writing to this latch has no effect if the TLC5970 is operating normally. The system should diagnose and correct any problems that have caused OVP or SCP before writing to this latch to restart the IC. 1010 10 A R Status Information Data (SID) Register. Writing any value to this register causes the SID data to be loaded into the 40-bit Common Shift Register. 1011 11 B R EEPROM Data Read Register. Writing any value to this register causes the EEPROM data to be loaded into the 40-bit Common Shift Register. 1100 12 C W EEPROM1 Write Data Latch (write command = A5h). The data in this latch program the PH on-duty, VFB target voltage, differential interface timing mode. and Internal latch pulse delay time. In order to properly program the EEPROM with this data, bits 35-28 must contain A5h (1010101b). 1101 13 D W EEPROM Write Data Latch 2 (write commend = 5Ah). The data in this latch program the default Dot Correction. In order to properly program the EEPROM with this data, bits 35-28 must contain 5Ah (0101010b). 1110 14 E W Dot Correction (DC) Data Latch. The data in this latch contain OUTn DC data. When the IC is powered up, the data stored in EEPROM2 are automatically written to this latch. 1111 15 F W Function Control (FC) and Brightness Control (BC) Data Latch. These data control several IC functions. This latch also contains the Brightness Control data. Submit Documentation Feedback Copyright © 2010, Texas Instruments Incorporated Product Folder Link(s): TLC5970 31 TLC5970 SBVS140 – MARCH 2010 www.ti.com 40-Bit Common Shift Register (Default = 0h) 35 34 Latch Address Bits (4 Bits) MSB 39 Shift out data to the differential line driver. SOUT 38 37 33 2 0 1 Latch Data (36 Bits) 36 Latch Latch Latch Latch Address Address Address Address Bit 3 Bit 2 Bit 0 Bit 1 35 34 33 Latch Data Bit 35 Latch Data Bit 34 Latch Data Bit 33 35 34 33 ¼ 2 1 LSB 0 Latch Data Bit 2 Latch Data Bit 1 Latch Data Bit 0 2 1 0 SIN Shift in data from the differential signal receiver. SCLK Shift clock from the differential signal receiver. Latch pulse from the pulse generator (the latch pulse is generated after the programmed time set by the data in the function control data latch from the last shift clock when the auto refresh bit is ‘1’). 4 Latch Address 4-Bit Decoder Address = 0000b MSB 35 34 33 OUT2 GS Bit 11 OUT2 GS Bit 10 OUT2 GS Bit 9 ¼ 2 1 LSB 0 OUT0 GS Bit 2 OUT0 GS Bit 1 OUT0 GS Bit 0 Grayscale First Data Latch (Default = 0) Address = 1001b Restart Operation From OVP/SCP Error MSB 35 34 33 OUT2 GS Bit 11 OUT2 GS Bit 10 OUT2 GS Bit 9 ¼ 2 1 LSB 0 OUT0 GS Bit 2 OUT0 GS Bit 1 OUT0 GS Bit 0 36 Grayscale Second Data Latch (Default = 0) MSB 35 Address = 1010b 34 33 2 TI TI TI Reserved Reserved Reserved Bit 28 Bit 29 Bit 30 ¼ LSB 0 1 ShortOver LED Circuit Voltage Open Protection Protection Detection Status Information Data (SID) Read Out Register 35 34 33 2 1 35 34 33 2 1 MSB 35 Address = 1011b TI Reserved Bit 0 34 33 Latch Delay Time Bit 3 Latch Delay Time Bit 2 ¼ 0 0 2 1 LSB 0 OUT0 DC Bit 2 OUT0 DC Bit 1 OUT0 DC Bit 0 EEPROM Data Read Out Register 35 34 33 2 1 35 34 33 2 1 36 MSB 35 Address = 1100b 34 33 2 Write Write Write Command Command Command Bit 5 Bit 6 Bit 7 ¼ 0 0 LSB 0 1 PH PH PH On-Duty On-Duty On-Duty Bit 2 Bit 0 Bit 1 36 EEPROM1 Write Data Latch 36-Bit EEPROM 35 14 35 36 MSB 35 21 Address = 1101b 34 34 33 2 Write Write Write Command Command Command Bit 7 Bit 5 Bit 6 ¼ 0 1 2 1 LSB 0 OUT2 DC Bit 2 OUT2 DC Bit 1 OUT2 DC Bit 0 33 Lower 20 EEPROM2 Write Data Latch Lower 31 20 Address = 1110b 19 MSB 20 19 OUT2 DC Bit 6 OUT2 DC Bit 5 2 ¼ 0 1 2 1 LSB 0 OUT0 DC Bit 2 OUT0 DC Bit 1 OUT0 DC Bit 0 Lower 12 Dot Correction Data Latch (Default = Data in EEPROM2) 6 11 MSB 11 DC Data Load Control Address = 1111b 0 LSB 0 6 ¼ Brightness Bit 6 ¼ Brightness Bit 0 Function Control Data Latch (Default = 007Fh) Latch pulse from the display timing control block. (This latch pulse is generated at the end of one display period or the timing of the display timing reset when the auto refresh bit is ‘1’. Also, when the auto refresh bit is ‘0’, the latch pulse is generated when the grayscale or global brightness control data are written. MSB 6 Brightness Bit 6 8 4 LSB 0 ¼ Brightness Bit 0 Global Brightness Control Second Data Latch (Default = 7Fh) 2 To Buck To Latch Pulse To Differential Converter Signal Interface Generator Block Block Block Figure 25. Register and Data Latch Configuration 32 Submit Documentation Feedback Copyright © 2010, Texas Instruments Incorporated Product Folder Link(s): TLC5970 TLC5970 www.ti.com SBVS140 – MARCH 2010 Grayscale (GS) First/Second Data Latch (Register Address = 0000b) The GS Latch is 36 bits long. The second GS Latch controls the pulse width modulation (PWM) for each OUTn. The first GS Latch holds the data written through the differential signal interface. If the Auto Data Refresh bit in the Function Control Latch is '1', the data in the first latch are copied to the second latch at the rising edge of the 4096th grayscale clock. If the Auto Data Refresh bit is '0', both the first and second GS Latches are updated at the same time from the data written into the differential signal interface. When the IC is powered on, both latches are reset to all '0'. At startup, GS data should not be programmed until after the Function Control Data Latch is programmed because the PWM control automatically starts when data are written into the second GS Latch. Table 8 and Figure 26 show the GS Data Latch bit assignments. Table 5 shows an example of OUTn duty cycle ratios for different GS data. Table 8. Grayscale Data Latch Bit Assignment BIT NUMBER BIT NAME DESCRIPTION 11-0 GSOUT0 Grayscale data for OUT0 (data = 000h to FFFh, default = 000h = LED off) 23-12 GSOUT1 Grayscale data for OUT1 (data = 000h to FFFh, default = 000h = LED off) 35-24 GSOUT2 Grayscale data for OUT2 (data = 000h to FFFh, default = 000h = LED off) Grayscale First Data Latch MSB 35 OUT2 OUT2 GS Data GS Data Bit 10 Bit 11 MSB 35 25 34 ¼ 25 ¼ 23 22 OUT2 OUT2 OUT1 OUT1 GS Data GS Data GS Data GS Data Bit 1 Bit 0 Bit 11 Bit 10 34 OUT2 OUT2 GS Data GS Data Bit 11 Bit 10 24 24 23 13 ¼ 13 ¼ 11 10 OUT1 OUT1 OUT0 OUT0 GS Data GS Data GS Data GS Data Bit 1 Bit 0 Bit 11 Bit 10 22 OUT1 OUT1 OUT2 OUT2 GS Data GS Data GS Data GS Data Bit 10 Bit 11 Bit 0 Bit 1 12 12 11 1 ¼ 10 OUT0 OUT0 OUT1 OUT1 GS Data GS Data GS Data GS Data Bit 10 Bit 11 Bit 0 Bit 1 OUT0 OUT0 GS Data GS Data Bit 1 Bit 0 1 ¼ LSB 0 LSB 0 OUT0 OUT0 GS Data GS Data Bit 0 Bit 1 Grayscale Second Data Latch 36 To Display Timing Control Block Figure 26. GS Data Latch Bit Assignment Function Control (FC) and Global Brightness Control (BC) First/Second Data Latch (Register Address = 1111b) The FC and BC first Data Latch total bit length is 15 bits. The BC second latch bit length is seven bits. The FC data are used to set the function mode; the BC second data latch sets the current ratio of each constant-current output. The BC first latch holds the data written through the differential signal interface, and the latched data in the first latch are copied to the second latch at the rising edge of the 4096th GS clock when the auto data refresh bit is set to '1' in the FC latch. The first and second latch data are updated at the same time by the data written through the differential signal interface when the auto data refresh bit is set to '0'. When the IC is powered on, the FC data should be set before the GS data setting because the PWM control starts as soon as the GS data (except '0') are written into this second latch. Submit Documentation Feedback Copyright © 2010, Texas Instruments Incorporated Product Folder Link(s): TLC5970 33 TLC5970 SBVS140 – MARCH 2010 www.ti.com The data bit assignments are shown in Table 9 and Figure 27. OUTn set the current ratio in select BC data; see Table 3. Table 9. Global Brightness Control and Function Control Data Latch Bit Assignment BIT NUMBER BIT NAME 6-0 BCDATA Global brightness control (BC) data for all outputs (default = 7Fh) DATRFH Auto data refresh (default = 0) 0 = Disabled; the GS and BC first and second data latches are simultaneously updated by the internal data latch pulse. 1 = Enabled; the GS and BC second data latches are updated with the data in the first latch at the 4096th rising edge of the grayscale clock or the display timing reset timing. DSPRPT Auto display repeat (default = 0) 0 = Disabled; all OUTn on/off controls are not repeated. The output is turned on and off one time only after the GS clock counter is reset. 1 = Enabled; all OUTn on/off controls are repeated according to the 4096th GS clock after the GS clock counter is reset. EXTCLK External grayscale clock select (default = 0) 0 = Internal clock is selected; each OUTn on/off control timing is synchronized with the internal clock. 1 = External clock is selected; each OUTn on/off timing control is synchronized with the shift clock generated by the differential signal with the SCKA and SCKB input pin. TMGRST Display timing reset (default = 0) 0 = Disabled; the GS clock counter is not reset and all OUTn are not forced off when the internal latch pulse is generated for GS data writing. This bit is always '0' when the internal clock is selected. 1 = Enabled; the GS clock counter is reset and all OUTn are forced off whenever an internal latch pulse is generated for GS data writing. This bit can be set to '1' only when the external clock is selected. 7 8 9 10 DESCRIPTION 11 DCENA Dot Correction (DC) data write control (default = 0) 0 = Disabled; the DC data latch is fixed to the DC data in the EEPROM and DC data cannot be changed. 1 = Enabled; the DC data latch is not fixed to the DC data in the EEPROM and the data in the DC data latch can be changed via serial interface. 35-12 — No assigned bit (24-bit data). No function has not been assigned to these bits. If any data are written to these bits, device operation is not affected. Function Control and Global Brightness Control First Data Latch MSB 11 10 9 8 Auto DC Data Display External Timing Display GS Write Reset Repeat Clock Control 7 6 4 5 4 To Display Timing Control Block 2 1 LSB 0 3 2 1 LSB 0 Global Global Global Global Global Global Global BC Data BC Data BC Data BC Data BC Data BC Data BC Data Bit 6 Bit 5 Bit 4 Bit 3 Bit 2 Bit 1 Bit 0 Global Brightness Control Second Data Latch To Constant-Current Control Block 3 Auto Global Global Global Global Global Global Global Data BC Data BC Data BC Data BC Data BC Data BC Data BC Data Refresh Bit 0 Bit 1 Bit 2 Bit 3 Bit 4 Bit 5 Bit 6 MSB 6 4 5 7 To Constant-Current Control Block Figure 27. Function Control Data Latch Bit Assignment 34 Submit Documentation Feedback Copyright © 2010, Texas Instruments Incorporated Product Folder Link(s): TLC5970 TLC5970 www.ti.com SBVS140 – MARCH 2010 Dot Correction (DC) Data Latch (Register Address = 1110b) This data latch bit length is 21 bits. These data are used to set the current ratio of each constant-current output. When the IC is powered on, the DC data latch is set to the data in the DC data EEPROM. When the DC data write control bit is '1', the data can be changed by data written through the differential signal interface. The data bit assignments are shown in Table 10 and Figure 28. Table 10. Dot Correction Data Latch Bit Assignment BIT NUMBER BIT NAME DESCRIPTION 6-0 DCOUT0 Dot correction data for OUT0 (data = 00h to 7Fh, default = EEPROM data) 13-7 DCOUT1 Dot correction data for OUT1 (data = 00h to 7Fh, default = EEPROM data ) 20-14 DCOUT2 Dot correction data for OUT2 (data = 00h to 7Fh, default = EEPROM data ) 35-21 — No assigned bit (24-bit data). No function has not been assigned to these bits. If any data are written to these bits, device operation is not affected. 21-Bit Dot Correction Data MSB 20 OUT2 GS Data Bit 11 15 ¼ 14 13 OUT1 OUT2 OUT2 GS Data GS Data GS Data Bit 11 Bit 0 Bit 1 8 ¼ 7 6 OUT0 OUT1 OUT1 GS Data GS Data GS Data Bit 11 Bit 0 Bit 1 1 ¼ LSB 0 OUT0 OUT0 GS Data GS Data Bit 0 Bit 1 To Display Timing Control Block Figure 28. Dot Correction Data Latch Bit Assignment Submit Documentation Feedback Copyright © 2010, Texas Instruments Incorporated Product Folder Link(s): TLC5970 35 TLC5970 SBVS140 – MARCH 2010 www.ti.com EEPROM1 and EEPROM2 Write Data Latch Each data latch bit length is 36 bits. The EEPROM1 write data latch sets the buck converter maximum on-duty ratio, VFB target voltage, and the EEPROM differential interface mode. The EEPROM2 write data latch is used to set the EEPROM DC default value. EEPROM1 Write Data Latch (Register Address = 1100b) The data bit assignments of the EEPROM write data latch 1 are shown in Table 11 and Figure 29. Table 11. EEPROM1 Write Data Latch Bit Assignment BIT NUMBER BIT NAME 2-0 ONDUTY PH on-duty (data = 0h to 7h, factory default = 0h) DESCRIPTION 7-3 FBVOLT FB target voltage (data = 00h to 1Fh, factory default = 00h) 9-8 DSIMOD Differential signal interface (DSI) timing mode (data = 0h to 3h, factory default = 0h) 13-10 LATTIM Internal latch generation delay time (data = 0h to Fh, factory default = Fh) 27-14 — 35-28 WRCMD1 No EEPROM bits (14-bit data). The data cannot be stored in these bits even if data are written to these bits. Write command. When data are written to the EEPROM1 write data latch, these data must be A5h (10100101b). EEPROM1 Write Data Latch MSB 35 Write Command Bit 7 28 ¼ 27 14 Write No Command EEPROM Bit 0 Bit 13 ¼ 13 Latch No EEPROM Delay Time Bit 3 Bit 0 10 Latch ¼ Delay Time Bit 0 9 8 7 FB Target DSI DSI Voltage Timing Timing Mode Bit 1 Mode Bit 0 Data Bit 4 3 ¼ 2 1 LSB 0 FB Target PH on PH on PH on Voltage Duty Data Duty Data Duty Data Data Bit 0 Bit 0 Bit 1 Bit 2 Figure 29. EEPROM1 Write Data Latch Bit Assignment Maximum On-Duty Data for Buck Converter The TLC5970 buck converter always operates with the Pulse Frequency Modulation (PFM) mode. Therefore, the PH on-duty should be set to the value calculated by Table 12 to avoid inductor current saturation at the inductor. Table 12. Maximum On-Duty Selection Truth Table 36 ON-DUTY DATA (Binary) ON-DUTY DATA (Decimal) ON-DUTY DATA (Hex) ON-DUTY AT PH (%, Typical) 000 0 0 18 001 1 1 30 010 2 2 42 011 3 3 55 100 4 4 67 101 5 5 80 110 6 6 86 111 7 7 86 Submit Documentation Feedback Copyright © 2010, Texas Instruments Incorporated Product Folder Link(s): TLC5970 TLC5970 www.ti.com SBVS140 – MARCH 2010 FB Target Voltage These bits select the target voltage of the FB pin. The FB pin is connected to the LED anode side. The set data should be determined by Equation 12. Also, the set data should be set to the higher voltage of the three-color LED line. The buck converter chargeup FB voltage to the FB target voltage (VFB) is set by these bits with a soft-start sequence after the IC is powered on. VFB (V) = Typical LED forward voltage × the number of LED in series + 1 V. VFB set data can be calculated by Equation 12: (VFB - 7) ´ 31 FB Set Data for VFB = 10 (12) FB voltage (VFB) can be calculated by Equation 13: 10 ´ FB Set Data FB Voltage (V) = +7 31 (13) Table 13 lists the FB voltage set by FB set data. Table 13. FB Target Voltage Selection Truth Table FB DATA (Binary) FB DATA (Decimal) FB DATA (Hex) TARGET FB VOLTAGE (V) FB DATA (Binary) FB DATA (Decimal) FB DATA (Hex) TARGET FB VOLTAGE (V) 0 0000 0 00 7.0 1 0000 16 10 12.2 0 0001 1 01 7.3 1 0001 17 11 12.5 0 0010 2 02 7.6 1 0010 18 12 12.8 0 0011 3 03 8.0 1 0011 19 13 13.1 0 0100 4 04 8.3 1 0100 20 14 13.5 0 0101 5 05 8.6 1 0101 21 15 13.8 0 0110 6 06 8.9 1 0110 22 16 14.1 0 0111 7 07 9.3 1 0111 23 17 14.4 0 1000 8 08 9.6 1 1000 24 18 14.7 0 1001 9 09 9.9 1 1001 25 19 15.1 0 1010 10 0A 10.2 1 1010 26 1A 15.4 0 1011 11 0B 10.5 1 1011 27 1B 15.7 0 1100 12 0C 10.9 1 1100 28 1C 16.0 0 1101 13 0D 11.2 1 1101 29 1D 16.4 0 1110 14 0E 11.5 1 1110 30 1E 16.7 0 1111 15 0F 11.8 1 1111 31 1F 17.0 Differential Signal Interface (DSI) Timing Mode These bits select a differential interface timing mode from three types of timing modes, as shown in Table 14. Table 14. DSI Timing Mode Selection Truth Table DSIMOD DATA (Binary) DSIMOD DATA (Decimal) DSIMOD DATA (Hex) SELECTED MODE 00 0 0 Mode 0 (factory default) 01 1 1 Mode 1 10 2 2 Mode 2 11 3 3 Mode 2 Mode 0 is a low-frequency transfer mode. Maximum transfer frequency is lowest in the timing modes but it is easy to transfer the data over long distances without transmission errors because this mode can control the data hold time for the next connected device. The SCKY/SCKZ output level is controlled by the SCKA/SCKB level. SCKY/SCKZ go to a high level when the SCKA/SCKB level is high. The SCKY/SCKZ output level is controlled by the SCKA/SCKB level. SCKY/SCKZ go to a low level when the SCKA/SCKB level is low. The SDTY/SDTZ data change after 30 ns (typical) from when the SCKA/SCKB falling clock is input. Submit Documentation Feedback Copyright © 2010, Texas Instruments Incorporated Product Folder Link(s): TLC5970 37 TLC5970 SBVS140 – MARCH 2010 www.ti.com Mode 1 is the middle frequency transfer mode. Maximum transfer frequency and transmission distance are mean between mode 0 and mode 2. The SDTY/SDTZ data change after 50 ns (typical) from when the SCKA/SCKB rising clock is input. Mode 2 is the high-frequency transfer mode. Maximum transfer frequency is highest in the three timing modes. This mode should be used for short distance data transmission. SDTY/SDTZ data change after 30 ns (typical) from when the SCKA/SCKB rising clock is input. The timing diagram for each mode is shown in Figure 30 to Figure 32. SDTA D39A+ D38A+ D37A+ D1A+ D0A+ D39B+ SDTB D39A- D38A- D37A- D1A- D0A- D39B- D38A D37A D1A D0A D39B SCKA SCKB Generated Shift Data (Internal) D39A D0 1 Generated Shift Clock (Internal) Shift Register Bit 0 (Internal) D0 3 2 1 Timing Adjusted Shift Clock (Internal) D39A 40 3 2 40 D37A D1A D0A D37 D36 D0 D39A ¼ D38A Shift Register Bit 39 (Internal) D39 D38 SDTY D39+ D38+ D37+ D0+ D39A+ SDTZ D39- D38- D37- D0- D39A- SCKY SCKZ Figure 30. DSI Timing Mode 0 38 Submit Documentation Feedback Copyright © 2010, Texas Instruments Incorporated Product Folder Link(s): TLC5970 TLC5970 www.ti.com SBVS140 – MARCH 2010 SDTA D39A+ D38A+ D37A+ D1A+ D0A+ D39B+ SDTB D39A- D38A- D37A- D1A- D0A- D39B- D38A D37A D1A D0A D39B SCKA SCKB Input Shift Data (Internal) D0 D39A 1 2 40 3 Input Shift Clock (Internal) 1 2 3 40 Timing Adjusted Shift Clock (Internal) Shift Register Bit 0 (Internal) D0 D38A D37A D1A D0A D38 D37 D36 D0 D39A ¼ D39A Shift Register Bit 39 (Internal) D39 SDTY D39+ D38+ D37+ D0+ D39A+ SDTZ D39- D38- D37- D0- D39A- SCKY SCKZ Figure 31. DSI Timing Mode 1 Submit Documentation Feedback Copyright © 2010, Texas Instruments Incorporated Product Folder Link(s): TLC5970 39 TLC5970 SBVS140 – MARCH 2010 www.ti.com SDTA D39A+ D38A+ D37A+ D1A+ D0A+ D39B+ SDTB D39A- D38A- D37A- D1A- D0A- D39B- D39A D38A D37A D1A D0A D39B 2 3 SCKA SCKB Input Shift Data (Internal) D0 1 40 Input Shift Clock (Internal) 1 2 3 40 Timing Adjusted Shift Clock (Internal) Shift Register Bit 0 (Internal) D39A D38A D37A D1A D0A Shift Register Bit 39 (Internal) D39 D38 D37 D36 D0 D39A SDTY D39+ D38+ D37+ D0+ D39A+ SDTZ D39- D38- D37- D0- D39A- ¼ D0 SCKY SCKZ Figure 32. DSI Timing Mode 2 40 Submit Documentation Feedback Copyright © 2010, Texas Instruments Incorporated Product Folder Link(s): TLC5970 TLC5970 www.ti.com SBVS140 – MARCH 2010 Internal Latch Pulse Delay Time Shifted in lower 36-bit data in the 40-bit shift register is latched into the latch selected by the higher four bits of the shift register after the programmed time by the following code is passed from the last rising edge of SCLK. The next SCLK rising edge for new data inputs must be input after over two clocks of the internal oscillator clock period from the shift register is latched. Table 15. Internal Latch Pulse Delay Time Selection Truth Table INTERNAL LATCH PULSE DELAY TIME (µs) FB DATA (Binary) FB DATA (Decimal) FB DATA (Hex) MINIMUM MAXIMUM 0000 0 0 0.3 0.8 0001 1 1 0.6 1.3 0010 2 2 1.3 2.3 0011 3 3 2.6 4.3 0100 4 4 5.3 8.3 0101 5 5 10 16 0110 6 6 21 33 0111 7 7 42 65 1000 8 8 85 129 257 1001 9 9 170 1010 10 A 341 513 1011 11 B 682 1025 1100 12 C 1365 2049 1101 13 D 2730 4097 1110 14 E 5461 8193 1111 15 F 10922 16385 EEPROM2 Write Data Latch (Register Address = 1101b) The EEPROM2 write data latch data bit assignments are shown in Table 16 and Figure 33. Table 16. EEPROM2 Write Data Latch Bit Assignment BIT NUMBER BIT NAME DESCRIPTION 6-0 DCOUT0 Dot correction data for OUT0 (data = 00h to 7Fh, factory default = 7Fh) 13-7 DCOUT1 Dot correction data for OUT1 (data = 00h to 7Fh, factory default = 7Fh) 20-14 DCOUT2 Dot correction data for OUT2 (data = 00h to 7Fh, factory default = 7Fh) 27-21 — No EEPROM bits (7-bit data). Data cannot be stored in these bits even if data are written to these bits. 35-28 WRCMD2 Write command. When data are written to the EEPROM1 write data latch, these data must be 5Ah (01011010b). EEPROM2 Write Data Latch MSB 35 Write Command Bit 7 28 ¼ 27 Write No Command EEPROM Bit 0 Bit 6 ¼ 21 20 No EEPROM Bit 0 OUT2 DC Data Bit 6 ¼ 14 13 OUT2 DC Data Bit 0 OUT1 DC Data Bit 6 ¼ 7 6 OUT1 DC Data Bit 0 OUT0 DC Data Bit 6 LSB 0 ¼ OUT0 DC Data Bit 0 Figure 33. EEPROM2 Write Data Latch Bit Assignment Submit Documentation Feedback Copyright © 2010, Texas Instruments Incorporated Product Folder Link(s): TLC5970 41 TLC5970 SBVS140 – MARCH 2010 www.ti.com EEPROM Data Write Procedure The DC data and the maximum on-duty data can be programmed into the EEPROM with the following procedure: 1. Turn on the VCC power supply. 2. Set the VROM pin voltage to 19 V ± 0.5 V. The supply current is 5 mA (typical). The buck converter stops while the VROM pin is held at the voltage. 3. Write the data for EEPROM write data latch 1 with the address. Write the command and the write data to EEPROM data latch address. 4. Wait for more than 40 ms without data transfer. The maximum wait time is unlimited. 5. Stop supplying 19 V to the VROM pin and release the pin. 6. Write the grayscale data to turn on the LED and check LED brightness. 7. If the brightness must be adjusted, send new dot correction data to the DC data latch for brightness adjust. 8. Check the brightness again. 9. Repeat steps 8 and 9 to determine the best DC data. 10. Write the best DC data to the EEPROM write data latch 2 using steps 3 to 5 in this sequence. Readout Register EEPROM Data Readout Register (Register Address = 1011b) When any data are written to this register address, the programed data in the EEPROM are loaded to the lower 36 bits in the 40-bit shift register from this readout register (register address = 1011b). The higher 4-bit data in the 40-bit shift register are not changed from 1011b. The loaded data can be read out from SDTY and SDTZ and syncronized by the shift clock generated from SCKA and SCKB. The data bit assignments are shown in Table 17 and Figure 34. Table 17. EEPROM Data Readout Register Bit Assignment BIT NUMBER BIT NAME DESCRIPTION 6-0 RDDC0 Dot correction data for OUT0 in EEPROM (7-bit data) 13-7 RDDC1 Dot correction data for OUT1 in EEPROM (7-bit data) 20-14 RDDC2 Dot correction data for OUT2 in EEPROM (7-bit data) 23-21 RDONDTY 28-24 RDVFB FB target voltage (5-bit data) 30-29 RDDSI DSI mode (2-bit data) 34-31 RDDLY Internal data latch pulse delay time (4-bit data) 35 RDRSV TI reserved data (1-bit data, no fixed data) On-duty (4-bit data) EEPROM Data Read Out Register MSB 35 34-31 30-29 28-24 DSI Timing FB Target Latch TI Voltage Reserved Delay Time Mode Bits[1:0] Bits[4:0] Bits[3:0] Bit 0 23-21 20 PH on Duty Bits[2:0] OUT2 DC Data Bit 6 ¼ 14 13 OUT2 DC Data Bit 0 OUT1 DC Data Bit 6 ¼ 12-7 6 OUT1 DC Data Bit 0 OUT0 DC Data Bit 6 LSB 0 ¼ OUT0 DC Data Bit 0 Figure 34. EEPROM Data Readout Register Bit Assignment 42 Submit Documentation Feedback Copyright © 2010, Texas Instruments Incorporated Product Folder Link(s): TLC5970 TLC5970 www.ti.com SBVS140 – MARCH 2010 Status Information Data (SID) Readout Register (Register Address = 1010b) When any data are written to this register address, the status of five error detections are loaded to the lower 36 bits in the 40-bit shift register from this readout register (register address = 1010b). The higher 4-bit data in the 40-bit shift register are not changed from 1010b. The loaded data can be readout from SDTY and SDTZ and syncronized by the shift clock generated from SCKA and SCKB. The data bit assignments are are shown in Table 18 and Figure 35. Table 18. SID Readout Register Bit Assignment BIT NUMBER BIT NAME DESCRIPTION 0 LOD LED open detection (LOD) error flag 0 = All OUTn are either connected to the LED lamp or are not connected to the LED lamp. When all OUTn are not connected to LED lamp, the OVP flag is set to '1'. 1 = One or two OUTn are not connected to the LED lamp. This bit is set to '1' when the voltage of OUTn connected to the LED lamp is greater than approximately 4 V. Also, this bit is set to '1' when the SWOFF pin is connected to VREG. 1 SCP Short-Circuit Protection (SCP) error flag 0 = The buck converter is operating normally. Also, this bit is set to '0' when SWOFF is connected to VREG. 1 = The buck converter is not operated by the SCP. 2 OVP Overvoltage Protection (OVP) flag 0 = The buck converter is operating normally. Also, this bit is set to '0' when SWOFF is connected to VREG. 1 = The buck converter is not operated by the OVP. PTD Pre-Thermal Shutdown (PTD) log 0 = The LED driver has been in normal operation after the previous readout register reading. 1 = The LED driver has stopped operating due to the device temperature exceeding the PTD detect temperature after the previous readout register reading. This log is held until these register data are readout. 4 TSD Thermal Shutdown (TSD) log 0 = The buck converter/LED driver/interface has been in normal operation after the previous readout register reading. 1 = The buck converter/LED driver/interface has stopped operating due to the device temperature exceeding the TSD detect temperature after the previous readout register reading. This flag is held until these register data are readout. 35-5 — 3 TI reserved data (31-bit data, no fixed data) Status Information Data (SID) Read Out Register MSB 35 34 TI Reserved Bit 30 TI Reserved Bit 29 6 ¼ 5 TI TI Reserved Reserved Bit 0 Bit 1 4 3 2 1 LSB 0 TSD Log PTD Log OVP Flag SCP Flag LOD Flag Figure 35. SID Readout Register Bit Assignment Submit Documentation Feedback Copyright © 2010, Texas Instruments Incorporated Product Folder Link(s): TLC5970 43 TLC5970 SBVS140 – MARCH 2010 www.ti.com DEVICE PROTECTION When the Short-Circuit Protection (SCP) and Overvoltage protection (OVP) are operating, the buck converter stops. Afterwards, the buck converter is restarted with a soft-start when any data are written to the restart operation address, 1001b. The TLC5970 has an LED Open Detection (LOD) and four device protections as listed: 1. LED open detection (LOD): When SWOFF is connected to GND, the LOD can detect if one or two LEDs are opened or if OUTn is shorted to GND. The LOD flag is set to '1' in the readout data register when LEDs open or when OUTn is shorted to GND. If all LEDs are opened, the OVP flag comes up because the OUT0-OUT2 voltage is not pulled up. When SWOFF is connected to the VREG level, the LOD flag is set to '1' when the voltage of any OUTn is less than approximately 0.3 V at the 33rd GS clock from when OUTn is turned on. Also, the LOD data are kept until the next 33rd GS clock. Therefore, GS data must be set at 33d (decimal data) or more to ensure the correct LOD data. 2. Short-Circuit Protection (SCP): The SCP detects if the buck converter output is overloaded or if the FB line is open. SCP operates in this manner: (a) The SCP circuit observes the FB pin voltage. (b) If the FB is under 4 V (typical), then the SCP timer starts to count the number of times the PH switches. (c) When the SCP timer counts to 4, if FB voltage is still below 4 V, the SCP circuit stops the buck converter and the LED driver from operating. Also, the buck converter target voltage is set to the FB voltage programmed in the EEPROM at same time. (d) The SCP flag is set in the readout register. (e) The differential interface can be used even if buck converter is not operating. It is required to write any data to the address 1001b to restart the device operation. 3. Overvoltage Protection (OVP): The OVP detects if the buck converter target voltage is set to the maximum code. Also, the OVP detects when all LEDs are opened. The OVP does not work when the SWOFF signal level is high. Therefore, the OVP flag in the SID is always '0'. The OVP circuit operates in this manner: (a) The OVP circuit checks that the internal digital-to-analog converter (DAC) code is at the 33rd GS clock. (b) If the DAC code is not the maximum code, the OVP period counter is reset. If the DAC code is the maximum code, then the OVP period counter is counted up. (c) When the OVP period counter becomes 4, the OVP circuit stops the LED driver from operating and sets the DAC code to the FB voltage programmed in the EEPROM. Then the buck converter operation does not stop. (d) The OVP flag is set to '1' in the readout register. (e) The differential interface can be used even if the buck converter is not operating. (f) The LED driver cannot be controlled again until any data are written to the address 1001b to clear the OVP flag. 4. Pre-Thermal Shutdown (PTD): The PTD stops the LED driver operation at TPTD (TPTD = +138°C, typical) device temperature to avoid the device temperature from becoming higher. PTD operation follows this logic: (a) The LED driver (OUT0to OUT2) is forced off. (b) Set the PTD flag in the readout register. (c) Start the LED driver control again when the device temperature drops below TPTD – THYSP (THYSP = +8°C, typical). 5. Thermal Shutdown (TSD): The TSD stops the buck coverter/LED driver/differential interface operation at TTSD (TTSD = +168°C, typical) device temperature to prevent the device temperature from becoming too high. TSD operation follows this sequence: (a) The buck converter switching/LED driver (OUT0 to OUT2)/differential interface are forced off. (b) The TSD flag is set in the readout register. (c) Buck converter target voltage is set to the FB voltage programmed in the EEPROM. (d) Differential interface operation starts again when the device temperature drops below TTSD – THYST (THYST = +10°C, typical). Then the buck converter starts to operate. 44 Submit Documentation Feedback Copyright © 2010, Texas Instruments Incorporated Product Folder Link(s): TLC5970 TLC5970 www.ti.com SBVS140 – MARCH 2010 PRE-BOOST FUNCTION The TLC5970 has a pre-boost function. This function increases the DAC code of the buck converter a few steps from the 16th GS clock before the LED turns on to prevent the output voltage from decreasing much. The pre-boost is finished at the 33rd GS clock rising edge. After the GS counter is reset, the first 16 GS clocks are spent for the pre-boost and the LED is turned on from the 17th clock. Therefore, 4112 GS clocks are needed to display the full GS data in the first period in auto repeat mode. In no auto repeat mode, 4112 GS clocks are always needed for one display period. UNDERVOLTAGE LOCKOUT (UVLO) An undervoltage lockout (UVLO) circuit is implemented to keep the device disabled when VREG is lower than the UVLO start voltage. The following list describes each functional block status during a UVLO condition: • The buck converter control block, constant-current timing control, and oscillator are initialized. • The 40-bit data shift register is set to all '0'. • Each data latch is set to the default value except for the DC latch. • The data in the EEPROM is set to the DC data latch. • The power-supply source for the differential interface is connected to VCC. • FB voltage is discharged to GND. NOISE REDUCTION Large surge currents would flow through the IC and the board if all three LED channels are fully turned on simultaneously at the start of each grayscale cycle. These large surge currents could introduce detrimental noise and electromagnetic Interference (EMI) into other circuits. The TLC5970 turns on/off each OUTn with approximately a 40-ns time difference to reduce the switching noise and LED anode voltage drop. Submit Documentation Feedback Copyright © 2010, Texas Instruments Incorporated Product Folder Link(s): TLC5970 45 TLC5970 SBVS140 – MARCH 2010 www.ti.com APPLICATION CIRCUITS The TLC5970 can be used to increase the LED drive current for high-current LEDs with the high-current LED operating mode (Figure 36) or with the parallel operating mode (Figure 37). In the parallel operating mode, the external clock mode should be used to avoid flickering that can occur in an unsyncronized internal clock. VCC Power Supply GND GND VCC SWOFF 0.01 mF 0.1 mF PH VREG GND VREGIF SWOFF 0.01 mF 0.01 mF BOOT VREG 0.1 mF FB Open SDTY SDTZ SDKY SDKZ PH 0.01 mF BOOT VREGIF IREF2 Controller VCC FB IREF2 IREF1 OUT2 IREF1 OUT2 IREF0 OUT1 IREF0 OUT1 VROM OUT0 VROM OUT0 SDTA SDTY SDTA SDTY SDTB SDTZ SDTB SDTZ SCKA SCKY SCKA SCKY SCKB SCKZ SCKB SCKZ Open TLC5970 TLC5970 Figure 36. High-Current LED Operating Mode VCC Power Supply GND GND VCC SWOFF 0.01 mF 0.1 mF VREG PH BOOT VREGIF FB GND SWOFF 0.01 mF 0.01 mF 0.1 mF IREF2 Controller Open SDTY SDTZ SDKY SDKZ VCC VREG PH 0.01 mF BOOT VREGIF FB IREF2 IREF1 OUT2 IREF1 OUT2 IREF0 OUT1 IREF0 OUT1 Open VROM OUT0 VROM OUT0 SDTA SDTY SDTA SDTY SDTB SDTZ SDTB SDTZ SCKA SCKY SCKA SCKY SCKB SCKZ SCKB SCKZ TLC5970 TLC5970 Figure 37. Parallel Operating Mode 46 Submit Documentation Feedback Copyright © 2010, Texas Instruments Incorporated Product Folder Link(s): TLC5970 TLC5970 www.ti.com SBVS140 – MARCH 2010 The TLC5970 can be used to drive several LED lamps for small-current LEDs with the master-slave operation mode (Figure 38). In this operating mode, BC data and DC data in the master device should not be set to '0' to hold the LED anode (FB) voltage. VCC Power Supply GND GND VCC SWOFF 0.01 mF 0.1 mF VREG PH GND VREGIF 0.01 mF 0.1 mF FB IREF2 Controller Open SDTY SDTZ SDKY SDKZ PH Open BOOT Open SWOFF 0.01 mF BOOT VCC VREG VREGIF FB IREF2 IREF1 OUT2 IREF1 OUT2 IREF0 OUT1 VROM OUT0 IREF0 OUT1 VROM OUT0 SDTA SDTY SDTA SDTY SDTB SDTZ SDTB SDTZ SCKA SCKY SCKA SCKY SCKB SCKZ SCKB SCKZ Open TLC5970 TLC5970 Figure 38. Master/Slave Operating Mode The TLC5970 can be used as a 5 V single power-supply LED without a buck converter operating mode, as shown in Figure 39. Power Supply (5V) VCC GND GND VCC PH Open SWOFF Open VREG VREGIF FB Open SDTY SDTZ SDKY SDKZ PH Open BOOT Open VREGIF IREF2 Controller VCC BOOT SWOFF VREG GND FB IREF2 IREF1 OUT2 IREF1 OUT2 IREF0 OUT1 IREF0 OUT1 VROM OUT0 VROM OUT0 SDTA SDTY SDTA SDTY SDTB SDTZ SDTB SDTZ SCKA SCKY SCKA SCKY SCKB SCKZ SCKB SCKZ Open TLC5970 TLC5970 Figure 39. No Buck Converter Operating Mode Submit Documentation Feedback Copyright © 2010, Texas Instruments Incorporated Product Folder Link(s): TLC5970 47 IMPORTANT NOTICE Texas Instruments Incorporated and its subsidiaries (TI) reserve the right to make corrections, modifications, enhancements, improvements, and other changes to its products and services at any time and to discontinue any product or service without notice. Customers should obtain the latest relevant information before placing orders and should verify that such information is current and complete. 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