ETC TSL208R

TSL208R
512 1 LINEAR SENSOR ARRAY
TAOS031C – OCTOBER 2002
512 × 1 Sensor-Element Organization
200 Dots-Per-Inch (DPI) Sensor Pitch
High Linearity and Uniformity
Wide Dynamic Range . . . 2000:1 (66 dB)
Output Referenced to Ground
Low Image Lag . . . 0.5% Typ
Operation to 5 MHz
Single 5-V Supply
Replacement for TSL208
(TOP VIEW)
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
Description
VDD
SI
CLK
AO
GND
SO
VDD
The TSL208R linear sensor array consists of a 512 × 1
array of photodiodes and associated charge amplifier
circuitry. The pixels measure 120 µm (H) by 70 µm (W)
with 125-µm center-to-center spacing and 55-µm
spacing between pixels. Operation is simplified by
internal control logic that requires only a serial-input (SI)
signal and a clock.
The TSL208R is intended for use in a wide variety of applications including mark detection and code reading,
optical character recognition (OCR) and contact imaging, edge detection and positioning as well as optical linear
and rotary encoding.
Functional Block Diagram
1
Pixel 1
Pixel
2
Integrator
Reset
Pixel
3
VDD
Pixel
512
Analog
Bus
Output
Amplifier
_
4
+
AO
RL
330 Sample/
Output
Gain
Trim
Switch Control Logic
5
GND
6
SO
Q1
CLK
SI
3
Q2
Q3
Q512
512-Bit Shift Register
2
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Copyright 2002, TAOS Inc.
Texas Advanced Optoelectronic Solutions Inc.
800 Jupiter Road, Suite 205 Plano, TX 75074 (972)
673-0759
www.taosinc.com
1
TSL208R
512 1 LINEAR SENSOR ARRAY
TAOS031C – OCTOBER 2002
Terminal Functions
TERMINAL
NAME
NO.
I/O
DESCRIPTION
AO
4
O
Analog output.
CLK
3
I
Clock. The clock controls the charge transfer, pixel output and reset.
GND
5
I
Ground (substrate). All voltages are referenced to the substrate.
SI
2
I
Serial input. SI defines the start of the data out sequence.
SO
6
O
Serial output. SO signals the end of the data out sequence.
1, 7
I
Supply voltage for both analog and digital circuits.
VDD
Detailed Description
The sensor consists of 512 photodiodes arranged in a linear array. Light energy impinging on a photodiode
generates photocurrent, which is integrated by the active integration circuitry associated with that pixel. During
the integration period, a sampling capacitor connects to the output of the integrator through an analog switch.
The amount of charge accumulated at each pixel is directly proportional to the light intensity and the integration
time. The integration time is the interval between two consecutive output periods.
The output and reset of the integrators is controlled by a 512-bit shift register and reset logic. An output cycle
is initiated by clocking in a logic 1 on SI for one positive going clock edge (see Figures1 and 2)†. As the SI pulse
is clocked through the 512-bit shift register, the charge on the sampling capacitor of each pixel is sequentially
connected to a charge-coupled output amplifier that generates a voltage output, AO. When the bit position goes
low, the pixel integrator is reset. On the 513th clock rising edge, the SI pulse is clocked out of the shift register
and the output assumes a high-impedance state. Note that this 513th clock pulse is required to terminate the
output of the 512th pixel and return the internal logic to a known state. A subsequent SI pulse can be presented
as early as the 514th clock pulse, thereby initiating another pixel output cycle.
The voltage developed at analog output (AO) is given by:
Vout = Vdrk + (Re) (Ee) (tint)
where:
Vout
Vdrk
Re
Ee
tint
is
is
is
is
is
the analog output voltage for white condition
the analog output voltage for dark condition
the device responsivity for a given wavelength of light given in V/(µJ/cm2)
the incident irradiance in µW/cm2
integration time in seconds
AO is driven by a source follower with an internal 330-Ω pulldown resistor (no external resistor is required). The
output is nominally 0 V for no light input, 2 V for normal white-level, and 3.4 V for saturation light level. When
the device is not in the output phase, AO is in a high impedance state.
A 0.1 µF bypass capacitor should be connected between VDD and ground as close as possible to the device.
†
For proper operation, after meeting the minimum hold time condition, SI must go low before the next rising edge of the clock.
Copyright 2002, TAOS Inc.
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TSL208R
512 1 LINEAR SENSOR ARRAY
TAOS031C – OCTOBER 2002
Absolute Maximum Ratings†
Supply voltage range, VDD . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . –0.3 V to 6 V
Input voltage range, VI . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . –0.3 V to VDD + 0.3V
Input clamp current, IIK (VI < 0 or VI > VDD) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . –20 mA to 20 mA
Output clamp current, IOK (VO < 0 or VO > VDD) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . –25 mA to 25 mA
Voltage range applied to any output in the high impedance or
power-off state, VO . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . –0.3 V to VDD + 0.3V
Continuous output current, IO (VO = 0 to VDD) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . –25 mA to 25 mA
Continuous current through VDD or GND . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . –100 mA to 100 mA
Analog output current range, IO . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . –25 mA to 25 mA
Operating free-air temperature range, TA . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . –25°C to 85°C
Storage temperature range, Tstg . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . –25°C to 85°C
Lead temperature on connection pad for 10 seconds . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 260°C
ESD tolerance, human body model . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2000 V
†
Stresses beyond those listed under “Absolute Maximum Ratings” may cause permanent damage to the device. These are stress ratings only, and
functional operation of the device at these or any other conditions beyond those indicated under “Recommended Operating Conditions” is not
implied. Exposure to absolute-maximum-rated conditions for extended periods may affect device reliability.
Recommended Operating Conditions (see Figure 1 and Figure 2)
Supply voltage, VDD
MIN
NOM
4.5
5
MAX
UNIT
5.5
V
Input voltage, VI
0
VDD
V
High-level input voltage, VIH
Low-level input voltage, VIL
2
VDD
V
Wavelength of light source, λ
Clock frequency, fclock
Sensor integration time, tint
Operating free-air temperature, TA
Load resistance, RL
Load capacitance, CL
The LUMENOLOGY Company
0
0.8
400
1000
nm
V
5
5000
kHz
0.1026
100
ms
0
70
°C
300
4700
Ω
330
pF
Copyright 2002, TAOS Inc.
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TSL208R
512 1 LINEAR SENSOR ARRAY
TAOS031C – OCTOBER 2002
Electrical Characteristics at fclock = 1 MHz, VDD = 5 V, TA = 25°C, λp = 640 nm, tint = 5 ms,
RL = 330 Ω, Ee = 18 µW/cm2 (unless otherwise noted)
PARAMETER
TEST CONDITIONS
MIN
See Note 1
TYP
Vout
Analog output voltage (white, average over 512 pixels)
Vdrk
Analog output voltage (dark, average over 512 pixels)
PRNU
Pixel response nonuniformity
See Notes 2 & 3
Nonlinearity of analog output voltage
See Note 3
±0.4%
Output noise voltage
See Note 4
1
Re
Responsivity
SE
Saturation exposure
Vsat
Analog output saturation voltage
DSNU
Dark signal nonuniformity
All pixels
IL
Image lag
See Note 7
IDD
Supply current, output idle
IIH
High-level input current
IIL
Low-level input current
MAX
UNIT
1.6
2
2.4
V
0
50
150
mV
±7%
±20%
16
See Note 5
2.5
See Note 6
22
FS
mVrms
28
V/
(µJ/cm 2)
155
nJ/cm 2
3.4
V
25
120
mV
45
mA
VI = VDD
10
µA
VI = 0
10
µA
0.5%
28
IO = 50 µA
4.5
4.95
VOH
High level output voltage
High-level
voltage, SO
VOL
Low level output voltage
Low-level
voltage, SO
Ci(SI)
Input capacitance, SI
40
pF
Ci(CLK)
Input capacitance, CLK
40
pF
IO = 4 mA
4.6
IO = 50 µA
0.01
IO = 4 mA
0.4
V
0.1
V
NOTES: 1. The array is uniformly illuminated with a diffused LED source having a peak wavelength of 640 nm.
2. PRNU is the maximum difference between the voltage from any single pixel and the average output voltage from all pixels of the
device under test when the array is uniformly illuminated at the white irradiance level. PRNU includes DSNU.
3. Nonlinearity is defined as the maximum deviation from a best-fit straight line over the dark-to-white irradiance levels, as a percent
of analog output voltage (white).
4. RMS noise is the standard deviation of a single-pixel output under constant illumination as observed over a 5-second period.
5. Minimum saturation exposure is calculated using the minimum Vsat, the maximum Vdrk, and the maximum Re.
6. DSNU is the difference between the maximum and minimum output voltage in the absence of illumination.
7. Image lag is a residual signal left in a pixel from a previous exposure. It is defined as a percent of white-level signal remaining after
a pixel is exposed to a white condition followed by a dark condition:
IL V out (IL) V drk
100
V out (white) V drk
Timing Requirements (see Figure 1 and Figure 2)
MIN
tsu(SI)
Setup time, serial input (see Note 8)
th(SI)
Hold time, serial input (see Note 8 and Note 9)
tw
Pulse duration, clock high or low
50
tr, tf
Input transition (rise and fall) time
0
NOM
MAX
UNIT
20
ns
0
ns
ns
500
ns
NOTES: 8. Input pulses have the following characteristics: tr = 6 ns, tf = 6 ns.
9. SI must go low before the rising edge of the next clock pulse.
Copyright 2002, TAOS Inc.
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TSL208R
512 1 LINEAR SENSOR ARRAY
TAOS031C – OCTOBER 2002
Dynamic Characteristics over recommended ranges of supply voltage and operating free-air
temperature (see Figure 2)
PARAMETER
ts
Analog output settling time to ±1%
tpd(SO)
Propagation delay time, SO
TEST CONDITIONS
MIN
CL = 10 pF
TYP
MAX
UNIT
185
ns
50
ns
TYPICAL CHARACTERISTICS
CLK
SI
ÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎ
ÎÎÎÎÎÎÎ
ÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎ
ÎÎÎÎÎÎÎ
ÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎ ÎÎÎÎÎÎÎ
513 Clock Cycles
AO
Hi-Z
Hi-Z
Figure 1. Timing Waveforms (each section)
tw
1
2
512
513
5V
2.5 V
CLK
0V
tsu(SI)
5V
SI
50%
0V
th(SI)
ts
AO
ts
Pixel 1
Pixel 512
Figure 2. Operational Waveforms (each section)
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Copyright 2002, TAOS Inc.
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TSL208R
512 1 LINEAR SENSOR ARRAY
TAOS031C – OCTOBER 2002
TYPICAL CHARACTERISTICS
PHOTODIODE SPECTRAL RESPONSIVITY
1
TA = 25°C
Normalized Responsivity
0.8
0.6
0.4
0.2
0
300
400
500
600
700
800
900
1000 1100
λ – Wavelength – nm
Figure 3
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The LUMENOLOGY Company
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TSL208R
512 1 LINEAR SENSOR ARRAY
TAOS031C – OCTOBER 2002
MECHANICAL INFORMATION
1.210 (30,73)
1.190 (30,23)
Plated Hole 7 Places
0.027(0,69)
0.021(0,53) DIA
1.1325 (28,77)
1.1125 (28,26)
0.091 (2,31)
0.087 (2,21) DIA
Mounting Holes
2 Places
TOP VIEW
1
0.230 (5,84)
0.210 (5,33)
0.242 (6,15)
0.222(5,64)
0.100 (2,54) BSC
0.169(4,29)
0.161(4,09)
7
Pixel 1
Pixel 512
DETAIL A
0.505 (12,83)
0.495(12,57)
2.855 (72,52)
2.835 (72,01)
0.080 (2,03)
0.060 (1,52)
3.005 (76,33)
2.995 (76,07)
0.137(3,48)
0.126 (3,22)
Cover Glass
(Index of Refraction = 1.52)
ÏÏÏÏÏÏÏÏÏÏÏÏÏÏÏÏÏÏÏÏÏ
0.015 (0,38) Typical Free Area
0.027 (0,069)
Linear Array
0.045 (1,09)±0.005
Cover Glass
ÌÌÌÌÌÌ
Bonded Chip
Bypass Cap
DETAIL A
NOTES: A. All linear dimensions are in inches (millimeters).
B. This drawing is subject to change without notice.
C. Pixel centers are located along the center line of the mounting holes.
Figure 4. TSL208R Mechanical Specifications
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Copyright 2002, TAOS Inc.
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TSL208R
512 1 LINEAR SENSOR ARRAY
TAOS031C – OCTOBER 2002
PRODUCTION DATA — information in this document is current at publication date. Products conform to
specifications in accordance with the terms of Texas Advanced Optoelectronic Solutions, Inc. standard
warranty. Production processing does not necessarily include testing of all parameters.
NOTICE
Texas Advanced Optoelectronic Solutions, Inc. (TAOS) reserves the right to make changes to the products contained in this
document to improve performance or for any other purpose, or to discontinue them without notice. Customers are advised
to contact TAOS to obtain the latest product information before placing orders or designing TAOS products into systems.
TAOS assumes no responsibility for the use of any products or circuits described in this document or customer product
design, conveys no license, either expressed or implied, under any patent or other right, and makes no representation that
the circuits are free of patent infringement. TAOS further makes no claim as to the suitability of its products for any particular
purpose, nor does TAOS assume any liability arising out of the use of any product or circuit, and specifically disclaims any
and all liability, including without limitation consequential or incidental damages.
TEXAS ADVANCED OPTOELECTRONIC SOLUTIONS, INC. PRODUCTS ARE NOT DESIGNED OR INTENDED FOR
USE IN CRITICAL APPLICATIONS IN WHICH THE FAILURE OR MALFUNCTION OF THE TAOS PRODUCT MAY
RESULT IN PERSONAL INJURY OR DEATH. USE OF TAOS PRODUCTS IN LIFE SUPPORT SYSTEMS IS EXPRESSLY
UNAUTHORIZED AND ANY SUCH USE BY A CUSTOMER IS COMPLETELY AT THE CUSTOMER’S RISK.
LUMENOLOGY is a registered trademark, and TAOS, the TAOS logo, and Texas Advanced Optoelectronic Solutions are trademarks of
Texas Advanced Optoelectronic Solutions Incorporated.
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