TAOS Inc. is now ams AG The technical content of this TAOS datasheet is still valid. Contact information: Headquarters: ams AG Tobelbaderstrasse 30 8141 Unterpremstaetten, Austria Tel: +43 (0) 3136 500 0 e-Mail: [email protected] Please visit our website at www.ams.com TSL202R 128 y 1 LINEAR SENSOR ARRAY r r 128 × 1 Sensor-Element Organization 200 Dots-Per-Inch (DPI) Sensor Pitch High Linearity and Uniformity Wide Dynamic Range . . . 2000:1 (66 dB) Output Referenced to Ground Low Image Lag . . . 0.5% Typ Operation to 5 MHz Single 5-V Supply Replacement for TSL202 É É É É Ç É Ç Ç Ç Ç (TOP VIEW) VDD 1 SI1 2 CLK 3 AO1 4 GND 5 SO2 6 NC 7 14 NC 13 SO1 12 GND 11 NC 10 SI2 al id D D D D D D D D D TAOS032F − JANUARY 2012 9 NC 8 AO2 lv NC − No internal connection Description am lc s on A te G nt st il The TSL202R linear sensor array consists of two sections of 64 photodiodes and associated charge amplifier circuitry arranged to form a contiguous 128 × 1 array. The pixels measure 120 μm (H) by 70 μm (W) with 125-μm center-to-center spacing and 55-μm spacing between pixels. Operation is simplified by internal control logic that requires only a serial-input (SI) signal and a clock. The TSL202R is intended for use in a wide variety of applications including mark detection and code reading, optical character recognition (OCR) and contact imaging, edge detection and positioning as well as optical linear and rotary encoding. Functional Block Diagram (each section — pin numbers apply to section 1) Pixel 1 S1 _ Pixel 3 Pixel 64 Analog Bus 2 1 3 5 GND RL (External 330 W Load) Q3 Q64 ch ni Q2 4 AO Gain Trim Switch Control Logic Q1 1 VDD Output Amplifier S2 Sample/ Output ca + Pixel 2 1 Integrator Reset 2 CLK 64-Bit Shift Register 2 Te SI 3 The LUMENOLOGY r Company Copyright E 2012, TAOS Inc. r Texas Advanced Optoelectronic Solutions Inc. 1001 Klein Road S Suite 300 S Plano, TX 75074 S (972) r 673-0759 www.taosinc.com 1 TSL202R 128 y 1 LINEAR SENSOR ARRAY TAOS032F − JANUARY 2012 Terminal Functions TERMINAL NAME NO. DESCRIPTION AO1 4 Analog output of section 1 AO2 8 Analog output of section 2 CLK 3 Clock. Clk controls charge transfer, pixel output, and reset. GND 5,12 Ground (substrate). All voltages are referenced to GND. 7, 9, 11, 14 SI1 2 Serial input (section 1). SI1 defines the start of the data-out sequence. SI2 10 Serial input (section 2). SI2 defines the start of the data-out sequence. SO1 13 Serial output (section 1). SO1 provides a signal to drive the SI2 input. SO2 6 Serial output (section 2). SO2 provides a signal to drive the SI input of another device for cascading or as an end-of-data indication. VDD 1 Supply voltage. Supply voltage for both analog and digital circuitry. lv am lc s on A te G nt st il Detailed Description No internal connection al id NC The sensor consists of 128 photodiodes arranged in a linear array. Light energy impinging on a photodiode generates photocurrent, which is integrated by the active integration circuitry associated with that pixel. During the integration period, a sampling capacitor connects to the output of the integrator through an analog switch. The amount of charge accumulated at each pixel is directly proportional to the light intensity and the integration time. The integration time is the interval between two consecutive output periods. The output and reset of the integrators is controlled by a 128-bit shift register and reset logic. An output cycle is initiated by clocking in a logic 1 on SI for one positive going clock edge (see Figures1 and 2) †. As the SI pulse is clocked through the 128-bit shift register, the charge on the sampling capacitor of each pixel is sequentially connected to a charge-coupled output amplifier that generates a voltage output, AO. When the bit position goes low, the pixel integrator is reset. On the 129th clock rising edge, the SI pulse is clocked out of the shift register and the output assumes a high-impedance state. Note that this 129th clock pulse is required to terminate the output of the 128th pixel and return the internal logic to a known state. A subsequent SI pulse can be presented as early as the 130th clock pulse, thereby initiating another pixel output cycle. The voltage developed at analog output (AO) is given by: ni is the analog output voltage for white condition is the analog output voltage for dark condition is the device responsivity for a given wavelength of light given in V/(μJ/cm2) is the incident irradiance in μW/cm2 is integration time in seconds ch where: Vout Vdrk Re Ee tint ca Vout = Vdrk + (Re) (Ee) (tint) Te AO is driven by a source follower that requires an external pulldown resistor (330-Ω typical). The output is nominally 0 V for no light input, 2 V for normal white-level, and 3.4 V for saturation light level. When the device is not in the output phase, AO is in a high impedance state. A 0.1 μF bypass capacitor should be connected between VDD and ground as close as possible to the device. † For proper operation, after meeting the minimum hold time condition, SI must go low before the next rising edge of the clock. Copyright E 2012, TAOS Inc. The LUMENOLOGY r Company r r 2 www.taosinc.com TSL202R 128 y 1 LINEAR SENSOR ARRAY TAOS032F − JANUARY 2012 Absolute Maximum Ratings† Stresses beyond those listed under “Absolute Maximum Ratings” may cause permanent damage to the device. These are stress ratings only, and functional operation of the device at these or any other conditions beyond those indicated under “Recommended Operating Conditions” is not implied. Exposure to absolute-maximum-rated conditions for extended periods may affect device reliability. am lc s on A te G nt st il † lv al id Supply voltage range, VDD . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . −0.3 V to 6 V Input voltage range, VI . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . −0.3 V to VDD + 0.3V Input clamp current, IIK (VI < 0 or VI > VDD) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . −20 mA to 20 mA Output clamp current, IOK (VO < 0 or VO > VDD) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . −25 mA to 25 mA Voltage range applied to any output in the high impedance or power-off state, VO . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . −0.3 V to VDD + 0.3V Continuous output current, IO (VO = 0 to VDD) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . −25 mA to 25 mA Continuous current through VDD or GND . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . −40 mA to 40 mA Analog output current range, IO . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . −25 mA to 25 mA Operating free-air temperature range, TA . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . −25°C to 85°C Storage temperature range, Tstg . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . −25°C to 85°C Lead temperature 1,6 mm (1/16 inch) from case for 10 seconds . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 260°C ESD tolerance, human body model . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2000 V Recommended Operating Conditions (see Figure 1 and Figure 2) Supply voltage, VDD Input voltage, VI High-level input voltage, VIH Low-level input voltage, VIL Wavelength of light source, λ Clock frequency, fclock Sensor integration time, serial, tint MIN NOM 4.5 5 MAX UNIT 5.5 V 0 VDD V 2 VDD V 0 0.8 400 1000 nm V 5 5000 kHz 0.026 100 ms Sensor integration time, parallel, tint Operating free-air temperature, TA 0.013 100 ms 0 70 °C Load resistance, RL 300 4700 Ω 420 pF Te ch ni ca Load capacitance, CL The LUMENOLOGY r Company Copyright E 2012, TAOS Inc. r r www.taosinc.com 3 TSL202R 128 y 1 LINEAR SENSOR ARRAY TAOS032F − JANUARY 2012 Electrical Characteristics at fclock = 1 MHz, VDD = 5 V, TA = 25°C, λp = 640 nm, tint = 5 ms, RL = 330 Ω, Ee = 16.5 μW/cm2 (unless otherwise noted) TEST CONDITIONS MIN See Note 1 TYP Vout Analog output voltage (white, average over 128 pixels) Vdrk Analog output voltage (dark, average over 128 pixels) PRNU Pixel response nonuniformity See Notes 2 & 3 Nonlinearity of analog output voltage See Note 3 ± 0.4% Output noise voltage See Note 4 1 Re Responsivity SE Saturation exposure Vsat Analog output saturation voltage DSNU Dark signal nonuniformity All pixels IL Image lag See Note 7 IDD Supply current, output idle IIH High-level input current IIL Low-level input current MAX 1.6 2 2.4 V 0 50 150 mV ± 4% ± 10% 18 See Note 5 23 142 2.5 25 30 High level output voltage, High-level voltage SO1 and SO2 VOL O Low level output voltage, Low-level voltage SO1 and SO2 Ci(SI) Input capacitance, SI Ci(CLK) Input capacitance, CLK V/ (μJ/cm 2) nJ/cm 2 V 120 mV 10 mA 10 μA 10 μA lv See Note 6 3.4 FS mVrms 0.5% 7 VI = VDD am lc s on A te G nt st il VOH O UNIT al id PARAMETER VI = 0 IO = 50 μA 4.5 4.95 IO = 4 mA 4.6 IO = 50 μA 0.01 IO = 4 mA 0.4 V 0.1 V 5 pF 10 pF NOTES: 1. The array is uniformly illuminated with a diffused LED source having a peak wavelength of 640 nm. 2. PRNU is the maximum difference between the voltage from any single pixel and the average output voltage from all pixels of the device under test when the array is uniformly illuminated at the white irradiance level. PRNU includes DSNU. 3. Nonlinearity is defined as the maximum deviation from a best-fit straight line over the dark-to-white irradiance levels, as a percent of analog output voltage (white). 4. RMS noise is the standard deviation of a single-pixel output under constant illumination as observed over a 5-second period. 5. Minimum saturation exposure is calculated using the minimum Vsat, the maximum Vdrk, and the maximum Re. 6. DSNU is the difference between the maximum and minimum output voltage in the absence of illumination. 7. Image lag is a residual signal left in a pixel from a previous exposure. It is defined as a percent of white-level signal remaining after a pixel is exposed to a white condition followed by a dark condition: V out (IL) * V drk V out (white) * V drk 100 ni ca IL + Timing Requirements (see Figure 1 and Figure 2) th(SI) tw Setup time, serial input (see Note 8) Hold time, serial input (see Note 8 and Note 9) NOM MAX UNIT 20 ns 0 ns Pulse duration, clock high or low 50 Input transition (rise and fall) time 0 Te tr, tf ch tsu(SI) MIN ns 500 ns NOTES: 8. Input pulses have the following characteristics: tr = 6 ns, tf = 6 ns. 9. SI must go low before the rising edge of the next clock pulse. Copyright E 2012, TAOS Inc. The LUMENOLOGY r Company r r 4 www.taosinc.com TSL202R 128 y 1 LINEAR SENSOR ARRAY TAOS032F − JANUARY 2012 Dynamic Characteristics over recommended ranges of supply voltage and operating free-air temperature (see Figure 2) Analog output settling time to ± 1% tpd(SO) Propagation delay time, SO1, SO2 TEST CONDITIONS RL = 330 Ω, MIN CL = 10 pF TYP MAX UNIT 185 ns 50 ns al id PARAMETER ts TYPICAL CHARACTERISTICS lv CLK am lc s on A te G nt st il SI ÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎ ÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎ ÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎ 129 Clock Cycles AO Hi-Z Hi-Z Figure 1. Timing Waveforms tw CLK 2.5 V tsu(SI) SI1 (SI2) 2.5 V 1 (65) 2 (66) 64 (128) 65 (129) 2.5 V 5V 2.5 V 0V 5V ca 2.5 V th(SI) ni SO1 (SO2) tpd(SO) ts ch ts tpd(SO) 0V AO1 (A02) Te Pixel 1 (65) The LUMENOLOGY r Company Pixel 64 (128) Figure 2. Operational Waveforms (each section) Copyright E 2012, TAOS Inc. r r www.taosinc.com 5 TSL202R 128 y 1 LINEAR SENSOR ARRAY TAOS032F − JANUARY 2012 TYPICAL CHARACTERISTICS ANALOG OUTPUT SETTLING TIME vs LOAD CAPACITANCE AND RESISTANCE PHOTODIODE SPECTRAL RESPONSIVITY 1 600 500 0.6 0.2 400 100 pF 300 10 pF 200 am lc s on A te G nt st il 0.4 220 pF lv ts — Settling Time to 1% — ns 0.8 Normalized Responsivity 470 pF VDD = 5 V Vout = 1 V al id TA = 25°C 100 0 300 0 400 500 600 700 800 900 1000 1100 λ − Wavelength − nm 0 200 400 600 800 1000 1200 RL − Load Resistance − Ω Figure 4 Te ch ni ca Figure 3 Copyright E 2012, TAOS Inc. The LUMENOLOGY r Company r r 6 www.taosinc.com TSL202R 128 y 1 LINEAR SENSOR ARRAY TAOS032F − JANUARY 2012 APPLICATION INFORMATION Power Supply Considerations For optimum device performance, power-supply lines should be decoupled by a 0.01-μF to 0.1-μF capacitor with short leads mounted close to the device package (see Figure 5 and Figure 6). al id Integration Time The integration time of the linear array is the period during which light is sampled and charge accumulates on each pixel’s integrating capacitor. The flexibility to adjust the integration period is a powerful and useful feature of the TAOS TSL2xx linear array family. By changing the integration time, a desired output voltage can be obtained on the output pin while avoiding saturation for a wide range of light levels. am lc s on A te G nt st il lv Each pixel of the linear array consists of a light-sensitive photodiode. The photodiode converts light intensity to a voltage. The voltage is sampled on the Sampling Capacitor by closing switch S2 (position 1) (see the functional block diagram on page 1). Logic controls the resetting of the Integrating Capacitor to zero by closing switch S1 (position 2). At SI input (Start Integration), pixel 1 is accessed. During this event, S2 moves from position 1 (sampling) to position 3 (holding). This holds the sampled voltage for pixel 1. Switch S1 for pixel 1 is then moved to position 2. This resets (clears) the voltage previously integrated for that pixel so that pixel 1 is now ready to start a new integration cycle. When the next clock period starts, the S1 switch is returned to position 1 to be ready to start integrating again. S2 is returned to position 1 to start sampling the next light integration. Then the next pixel starts the same procedure. The integration time is the time from a specific pixel read to the next time that pixel is read again. If either the clock speed or the time between successive SI pulses is changed, the integration time will vary. After the final (nth) pixel in the array is read on the output, the output goes into a high-impedance mode. A new SI pulse can occur on the (n+1) clock causing a new cycle of integration/output to begin. Note that the time between successive SI pulses must not exceed the maximum integration time of 100 msec. The minimum integration time for any given array is determined by time required to clock out all the pixels in the array and the time to discharge the pixels. The time required to discharge the pixels is a constant. Therefore, the minimum integration period is simply a function of the clock frequency and the number of pixels in the array. A slower clock speed increases the minimum integration time and reduces the maximum light level for saturation on the output. The minimum integration time shown in this data sheet is based on the maximum clock frequency of 5 MHz. The minimum integration time can be calculated from the equation: where: n is the number of pixels ni n 1 ǒmaximum clock Ǔ frequency ca T int(min) + ch In the case of the TSL202R, the minimum integration time would be: T int(min) + 200 ns 128 + 25.6 ms Te It is important to note that not all pixels will have the same integration time if the clock frequency is varied while data is being output. The LUMENOLOGY r Company Copyright E 2012, TAOS Inc. r r www.taosinc.com 7 TSL202R 128 y 1 LINEAR SENSOR ARRAY TAOS032F − JANUARY 2012 APPLICATION INFORMATION It is good practice on initial power up to run the clock (n+1) times after the first SI pulse to clock out indeterminate data from power up. After that, the SI pulse is valid from the time following (n+1) clocks. The output will go into a high-impedance state after the n+1 high clock edge. It is good practice to leave the clock in a low state when inactive because the SI pulse required to start a new cycle is a low-to-high transition. al id The integration time chosen is valid as long as it falls in the range between the minimum and maximum limits for integration time. If the amount of light incident on the array during a given integration period produces a saturated output (Max Voltage output), then the data is not accurate. If this occurs, the integration period should be reduced until the analog output voltage for each pixel falls below the saturation level. The goal of reducing the period of time the light sampling window is active is to lower the output voltage level to prevent saturation. However, the integration time must still be greater than or equal to the minimum integration period. lv If the light intensity produces an output below desired signal levels, the output voltage level can be increased by increasing the integration period provided that the maximum integration time is not exceeded. The maximum integration time is limited by the length of time the integrating capacitors on the pixels can hold their accumulated charge. The maximum integration time should not exceed 100 ms for accurate measurements. Te ch ni ca am lc s on A te G nt st il Although the linear array is capable of running over a wide range of operating frequencies up to a maximum of 5 MHz, the speed of the A/D converter used in the application is likely to be the limiter for the maximum clock frequency. The voltage output is available for the whole period of the clock, so the setup and hold times required for the analog-to-digital conversion must be less than the clock period. Copyright E 2012, TAOS Inc. The LUMENOLOGY r Company r r 8 www.taosinc.com TSL202R 128 y 1 LINEAR SENSOR ARRAY TAOS032F − JANUARY 2012 APPLICATION INFORMATION Connection Diagrams VDD 0.1 μF TSL202R NC SO1 GND NC SI2 NC AO2 14 13 12 11 10 9 8 al id SI CLK VDD SI1 CLK AO1 GND SO2 VDD lv 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 AO am lc s on A te G nt st il RL Figure 5. Serial Connection VDD TSL202R 0.1 μF 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 Si CLK AO1 (Pixels 1− 64) RL VDD SI1 CLK AO1 GND SO2 VDD NC SO1 GND NC SI2 NC AO2 14 13 12 11 10 9 8 AO2 (Pixels 65 −128) ca RL Te ch ni Figure 6. Parallel Connection The LUMENOLOGY r Company Copyright E 2012, TAOS Inc. r r www.taosinc.com 9 TSL202R 128 y 1 LINEAR SENSOR ARRAY TAOS032F − JANUARY 2012 MECHANICAL INFORMATION This assembly consists of 2 sensor chips mounted on a printed-circuit board in a clear molded plastic package. TOP VIEW 19.30 18.29 CL Sensors 3.62 to Pin 1 3.92 Pixel 1 0.53 to Pin 1 0.28 10.67 9.65 lv ÉÉÉÉÉ ÇÇÇÇÇÇ al id Sensors Pin 1 Indicator am lc s on A te G nt st il END VIEW SIDE VIEW 3.18 2.79 Top of Die to 0.89 Top of Package 1.29 ÏÏÏÏÏÏÏÏÏÏÏ 14 y 4.60 MIN 14 14 BOTTOM VIEW 1.90 0.76 2 14 13 3 0.50 0.00 0.508 0.406 4 12 y 5 6 11 10 9 7 8 ni 2.16 1.42 ch y yj ca 1 7.87 7.37 2 ÏÏÏÏÏÏ ÌÌÌÌÌ ÌÌÌÌÌ ÌÌÌÌÌ ÌÌÌÌÌ ÌÌÌÌÌ ÌÌÌÌÌ ÌÌÌÌÌ 12 y 2.54 Nonaccumulative See Note B Te NOTES: A. All linear dimensions are in millimeters. B. The true-position spacing is 2.54 mm between lead centerlines. Each pin centerline is located within 0.25 mm of its true longitudinal positions. C. Index of refraction of clear plastic is 1.52. D. This drawing is subject to change without notice. Copyright E 2012, TAOS Inc. Figure 7. Packaging Configuration The LUMENOLOGY r Company r r 10 www.taosinc.com TSL202R 128 y 1 LINEAR SENSOR ARRAY TAOS032F − JANUARY 2012 SOLDERING INFORMATION TSL202 128 y 1 linear array 14-lead gold pin package soldering instructions: D The TSL202R has been designed to withstand a lead temperature during soldering of 260°C for 10 seconds at a distance of 1.6 mm from the package body. D In most applications, these through-hole parts will be sufficiently protected by the combination of the PCB or flex plus the standoff provided by the package. al id D If lead clipping is required, this should be performed after solder attach to prevent the pulling of the lead from the package body. D As in all board manufacturing, care should be taken to prevent part bending during board singulation or final assembly. lv D If the process includes both surface-mount parts and the TSL202R, the surface mount operations should be completed first with the through-hole parts afterward. Te ch ni ca am lc s on A te G nt st il These parts can be washed as a part of the flux cleanup operation. A final top-surface cleanup may be required with water or alcohol to remove any remaining particles. The LUMENOLOGY r Company Copyright E 2012, TAOS Inc. r r www.taosinc.com 11 TSL202R 128 y 1 LINEAR SENSOR ARRAY TAOS032F − JANUARY 2012 PRODUCTION DATA — information in this document is current at publication date. Products conform to specifications in accordance with the terms of Texas Advanced Optoelectronic Solutions, Inc. standard warranty. Production processing does not necessarily include testing of all parameters. NOTICE al id Texas Advanced Optoelectronic Solutions, Inc. (TAOS) reserves the right to make changes to the products contained in this document to improve performance or for any other purpose, or to discontinue them without notice. Customers are advised to contact TAOS to obtain the latest product information before placing orders or designing TAOS products into systems. lv TAOS assumes no responsibility for the use of any products or circuits described in this document or customer product design, conveys no license, either expressed or implied, under any patent or other right, and makes no representation that the circuits are free of patent infringement. TAOS further makes no claim as to the suitability of its products for any particular purpose, nor does TAOS assume any liability arising out of the use of any product or circuit, and specifically disclaims any and all liability, including without limitation consequential or incidental damages. am lc s on A te G nt st il TEXAS ADVANCED OPTOELECTRONIC SOLUTIONS, INC. PRODUCTS ARE NOT DESIGNED OR INTENDED FOR USE IN CRITICAL APPLICATIONS IN WHICH THE FAILURE OR MALFUNCTION OF THE TAOS PRODUCT MAY RESULT IN PERSONAL INJURY OR DEATH. USE OF TAOS PRODUCTS IN LIFE SUPPORT SYSTEMS IS EXPRESSLY UNAUTHORIZED AND ANY SUCH USE BY A CUSTOMER IS COMPLETELY AT THE CUSTOMER’S RISK. Te ch ni ca LUMENOLOGY, TAOS, the TAOS logo, and Texas Advanced Optoelectronic Solutions are registered trademarks of Texas Advanced Optoelectronic Solutions Incorporated. Copyright E 2012, TAOS Inc. The LUMENOLOGY r Company r r 12 www.taosinc.com