SL1925 Satellite Zero IF QPSK Tuner IC Preliminary Information DS4955 Features ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● Single chip system for direct quadrature down conversion from L-band High signal handling capability for minimum external component count application, requires external RF AGC of 30dB Compatible with DSS and DVB system requirements Excellent gain and phase match up to 30MHz baseband High output referred linearity for low distortion and multi channel application Fully balanced low radiation design Integral RF AGC amplifier Two selectable varactor tuned local oscillators with buffered output for driving external synthesiser loop ESD protection (Normal ESD handling procedures should be observed) Applications ● ● Satellite receiver systems Data communications systems Issue - 2.0 March 1999 Ordering Information SL1925/KG/NP2S (Tubes) SL1925/KG/NP2T (Tape and Reel) Description The SL1925 is a wideband quadrature converter operating from 950 to 2150 MHz, intended primarily for application in satellite tuners. The device contains all elements necessary, with the exception of local oscillator sustaining network, to fabricate a high performance I(n-phase) & Q(uadrature) phase splitter and downconverter optimised for systems containing RF AGC gain control. The device allows for systems containing higher power analog interferers. For most applications RF tunable filtering is not essential. The SL1925 is optimised for use with a low phase noise synthesiser, a range of which are available from Mitel Semiconductor. This will form a complete front end tuner function for digital satellite receiver systems utilising DSP derotation recovery. The device includes a very high signal handling front end with AGC, this provides for gain control, reference local oscillator with output buffer, phase splitter with I and Q mixers and baseband buffer amplifiers with external interstage filtering. SL1925 Preliminary Information 1 OPFI Vcc 28 Vee IPFI PSout Vee PSoutb Iout Vee LOsel Tanks Vcc Tanksb RF Vee RFB Tankv Tankvb Vee AGC Vee Qout NC Vee Vcc IPFQ OPFQ 14 15 Vee NP28 Figure 1 Pin connections AGC 19 RF 22 RFB 21 AGC SENDER 25 Iout 27 IPFI 1 OPFI 14 OPFQ 0 DEG 90 DEG Tankv 9 vcov 16 IPFQ 18 Qout 10 Tankvb Tanks 6 7 Tanksb LOsel FREQUENCY AGILE PHASE SPLITTER vcos DIVIDE BY 2 4 24 Figure 2 Block diagram 2 3 PSout PSoutb 2, 13, 23 Vcc 5, 8, 11, 15, 17, 20, 26, 28 Vee Preliminary Information SL1925 Quick Reference Data Characteristic Operating range Input noise figure, DSB, maximum gain, 1500MHz Maximum conversion gain (assuming 6dB filter loss) Minimum conversion gain (assuming 6dB filter loss) IP32T input referred Converter input referred IM3, two tones at 97dBµV IP22T input referred P1dB input referred Baseband amplifier Output limit voltage Gain match up to 22 MHz Phase match up to 22 MHz Gain flatness up to 22 MHz Local oscillator phase noise across entire 950MHz to 2150MHz band: SSB @ 10 kHz offset 950-2150 19 >55 <20 113 30 140 103 2.0 0.2 0.7 0.5 Units MHz dB dB dB dBuV dBc dBuV dBuV V dB deg dB 80 dBc/Hz Table 1 Functional Description The SL1925 is a wideband direct conversion quadrature downconverter optimised for application in satellite receiver systems. A block diagram is given in Figure 2 and shows the device to include a broadband RF preamplifier with AGC control, two oscillator sustaining amplifiers, a frequency agile 90° phase splitter, I Q channel mixers and I Q channel baseband amplifiers. The only additional elements required are an external tank circuit for each oscillator, and baseband interstage filters. To fabricate a complete tuner an RF AGC stage offering +20dB to -10 dB of gain range and a 2.2 GHz PLL frequency synthesiser are also required. An example application is shown in Figure 16. In normal application the first satellite IF frequency of typically 950 to 2150 MHz is fed via the tuner RF AGC stage to the RF preamplifier, which is optimised for impedance match and signal handling. The RF preamplifier is designed such that no tracking RF filter is required and also allows for analog interferers at up to 10 dB higher amplitude. The converter RF input impedance is shown in Figure 5. The amplifier signal is then fed to an AGC stage providing a minimum of 35dB AGC control, which together with the RF attenuator provides a possible overall tuner dynamic range of 65dB, to allow for normal operating dynamic range and MCPC systems. The signal is then split into two balanced channels to drive the I and Q mixers. The AGC characteristic, and gain variation of IIP3, IIP2, P1dB and NF are contained in Figs. 6, 7, 8, 9 and 10 respectively. The required 950MHz to 2150MHz I and Q reference LO frequencies for quadrature direct conversion are generated by the on board oscillators named ‘vcos’ and ‘vcov’, and the phase splitter. Oscillator ‘vcos’ operates nominally from 1900MHz to 3000MHz and is then divided by two to provide 950MHz to 1500MHz. Oscillator ‘vcov’ operates nominally from 1400MHz to 2150MHz. Only one oscillator is active at any time and selection is made within the phase splitter under the control of the LOsel input. Each oscillator uses an external varactor tuned resonant network optimised for low phase noise with a single varactor line control. A recommended application circuit for the oscillators is shown in Figure 4. The LO from the phase splitter drives a buffer whose outputs ‘PSout’ and ‘PSoutb’ can be used for driving an external PLL control loop for the VCO’s. The typical LO phase noise is shown in Figure 11. The mixer outputs are coupled to baseband buffer outputs ‘OPFI’ and ‘OPFQ’ which drive external band limit filters. The output impedance of these buffers is contained in Figure 12. The outputs of the filters are then connected to the inputs ‘IPFI’ and ‘IPFQ’ of the baseband channel amplifiers. The outputs ‘Iout’ and ‘Qout’ provide for a low impedance drive and can be used with a maximum load as in Figure 3. The output impedance of this section is contained in Figure 13. An example filter for application with 30MS/s systems is contained in Figure 14. All port peripheral circuitry for the SL1925 is shown in Figure 15a and 15b. The typical key performance data at 5V Vcc and 25°C ambient are shown in the ‘QUICK REFERENCE DATA’ of Table 1. 3 SL1925 Preliminary Information 100Ω 1kΩ 15pF Figure 3 Baseband output load condition 1T379 6.15MM STRIPLINE 6 Tanks 1kΩ 1T379 6.15MM STRIPLINE "vcos" 7 Tanksb Vcnt 9MM STRIPLINE BB811 BB811 9 Tankv 9MM STRIPLINE 10 1kΩ "vcov" Tankvb Note: Stripline width =0.44mm,dimensions are approximate. Figure 4 Local oscillator application circuit +j1 +j0.5 +j2 +j0.2 0 0.5 1 2 X 4 1 950 90 -18 2 1350 76 -15 3 1750 63 -35 4 2150 46 -29 5 X 1X X2 X3 –j5 –j0.2 –j2 –j0.5 START 700 MHz Freq (MHz) +j5 0.2 –j1 STOP 2 500 MHz Normalised to 50Ω Figure 5 Converter RF input impedance (typical) 4 Zreal Ω Zimag Ω Marker Preliminary Information SL1925 50.0 Converter conversion gain (dB) 40.0 30.0 30dB minimum, AGC <1V 20.0 10.0 0.0 -5dB maximum, AGC >4V -10.0 -20.0 0.0 0.5 1.0 1.5 2.0 2.5 3.0 3.5 4.0 4.5 5.0 AGC control voltage (V) Figure 6 Converter gain variation with AGC voltage (typical) 120 Converter input referred IP3 (dBuV) 115 110 105 100 95 90 -6 -1 4 9 14 19 24 29 34 Converter gain setting (dB) Figure 7 Converter input referred IP3 variation with gain setting (typical) 5 SL1925 Preliminary Information 140 135 Converter input referred IP2 (dBuV) 130 125 120 115 110 105 100 -6 -1 4 9 14 19 24 29 34 Converter gain setting (dB) Figure 8 Converter input referred IP2 variation with gain setting (typical) 110 Converter RF input level at P1dB (dBuV) 105 100 95 90 85 80 -6 -1 4 9 14 19 24 Converter gain setting (dB) Figure 9 Converter input referred 1dB gain compression, P1dB (typical) 6 29 34 Preliminary Information SL1925 60 Noise Figure (dB) 50 40 30 20 10 20 25 30 35 40 45 50 55 System gain (dB) Figure 10 Noise figure variation with gain setting (typical) 7 SL1925 Preliminary Information LO Frequency (MHz) -70 950 1150 1350 1550 1750 1950 2150 -72 vcos enabled vcov enabled Phase noise @10kHz offset (dBc/Hz) -74 -76 -78 -80 -82 -84 -86 -88 -90 Figure 11 LO phase noise variation with frequency (typical) +j1 +j0.5 +j2 3 +j0.2 x 2 0 0.2 0.5 Freq (MHz) 1 1 24 0.5 2 10 25 11 3 30 30 29 x 1 2 5 1x –j5 –j0.2 –j2 –j0.5 START 10kHz 700 Normalised to 50Ω –j1 STOP 2 500 50MHz Figure 12 Converter output impedance, OPFI and OPFQ (typical) 8 Zreal Ω Zimag Ω Marker +j5 Preliminary Information SL1925 +j1 +j0.5 +j2 +j0.2 +j5 3X 2X 1X 0 0.5 1 2 5 Zreal Ω Zimag Ω Marker Freq (MHz) 1 1 11.4 3.4 2 10 9.6 0.2 3 30 7.3 4.7 X –j5 –j0.2 –j2 –j0.5 START 10kHz STOP 50MHz –j1 Normalised to 50Ω Figure 13 Baseband output impedance, Iout and Qout (typical) 100nF 1kΩ OPFI / OPFQ IPFI / IPFQ 1kΩ 3.9pF Figure 14 Example baseband interstage filter for 30MS/s application 9 SL1925 Preliminary Information Vcc IF-OP-SEL LOsel VREF 3 RF INPUTS Converter RF inputs (pins 21, 22) Oscillator select input (pin 24) VREF 2 1K 1K TANK OPFI & OPFQ TANKB Oscillator inputs (pins 6, 7, and 9,10) Converter outputs (pins 1, 14) Vcc VREF4 PSout LO OUTPUT PSoutb LO OUTPUTB 2K AGC 12K CONTROL Prescaler buffer drive (Pins 3,4) AGC input (pin 19) Figure15a Input/Output interface circuits 10 Preliminary Information SL1925 BIAS Iout and Qout IPFI and IPFQ Baseband amplifier inputs (pins 16,27) Baseband outputs (pins 18, 25) Figure 15b Input/Output interface circuits (continued) 11 SL1925 Preliminary Information Electrical Charqacterisitics These characteristics are guaranteed by either production test or design. They apply within the specified ambient temperature and supply voltage unless otherwise stated. Tamb = -20°C to + 70°C, Vee= 0V, Vcc = 4.75V to 5.25V. Desired channel at fc MHz Characteristic Value Pin Min Supply current, Icc RF input operating frequency 2,13,23 21,22 Typ 130 950 Max 175 mA 2150 MHz SYSTEM System noise figure, DSB Variation in system NF with gain adjust System input referred IP2 System input referred IP3 System conversion gain Minimum AGC gain Maximum AGC gain Gain Roll off System I/Q gain match System I/Q phase balance System I & Q channel in band ripple LO 2nd harmonic interference level LNA 2nd harmonic interference level All other spurii on I & Q outputs 21,22 21,22 19 -1 135 110 140 113 20 5 18,25 18,25 18,25 -1 -3 +1 3 1 -50 -35 18,25 CONVERTER Converter input impedance 21,22 Converter input return loss 21,22 Converter input referred IP2 Converter input referred IP3 Converter input referred IM2 Converter input referred IM3 21,22 21,22 21,22 21,22 Converter input referred 1dB gain compression (P1dB) 21,22 dB dB/dB dBµV dBµV 59 dB dB dB dB deg dB dBc dBc 78 dBµV 75 Ω 10 12 dB 121 110 130 112 -33 -30 dBµV dBµV dBc dBc -24 -26 12 -5 dB dB 250 µA 30 19 All system specification items should be read in conjunction with Note 1. Maximum gain, AGC = 1V See Figure 10 See Note 2. See Note 3. Terminated voltage conversion gain into load as in Figure 3. AGC monotonic from Vee to Vcc, see Figure 6 AGC = 4.0V, 950MHz AGC = 1.0V, 950MHz 950MHz to 2150MHz Excluding interstage filter stage Excluding interstage filter stage Excluding interstage filter stage See Note 5 See Note 6 Within 0 →100MHz band, under all gain settings, RF input set to deliver 108dBµV at baseband outputs See Figure 5 See Note 4 See Note 4 See Note 4 See Note 4 See Figure 9 Converter conversion gain Minimum AGC gain Maximum AGC gain AGC gain control slope variation AGC control input current Conditions Units -250 Terminated voltage conversion gain in load as in Figure 3. AGC = 4.0V AGC = 1.0V Monotonic from Vee to Vcc, see Figure 6 AGC bandwidth 100kHz Preliminary Information SL1925 Electrical Characteristics (continued) These characteristics are guaranteed by either production test or design. They apply within the specified ambient temperature and supply voltage unless otherwise stated. Tamb = -20°C to + 70°C, Vee= 0V, Vcc = 4.75V to 5.25V. Desired channel at fc MHz Characteristic Value Pin Min Converter output impedance Converter output limiting Converter bandwidth 1dB Converter output roll off 1,14 1,14 1,14 0.5 40 6 Typ 25 1.2 Max 50 Ω Vp-p MHz dB/oct Oscillator vcos operating range Tanks/Tanksb Oscillator vcov operating range, Tankv/Tankvb Local oscillator SSB phase noise 6,7 1900 3000 MHz 9,10 1450 2150 MHz -80 -76 dBc/Hz LO leakage to converter input LOsel low voltage LOsel high voltage LOsel low current LOsel high current Prescaler output drive 21,22 24 24 Vcc-0.7 24 24 3,4 88 59 69 0.6 dBµV V V µA µA dBµV Prescaler output impedance Prescaler output return loss BASEBAND AMPLIFIERS Baseband amplifier input impedance Resistance Capacitance Baseband amplifier input referred IP3 Baseband amplifier input referred IP2 Baseband amplifier input referred IM3 Baseband amplifier input referred IM2 Baseband amplifier input referred 1dB compression (P1dB) Baseband amplifier gain 6,7 3,4 3,4 -50 200 Conditions Units 0.1 to 30MHz. See Figure 12 No Load No Load Giving LO = 950MHz to1500MHz Application as in Figure 4. Application as in Figure 4. @ 10kHz offset PLL loop BW < 1kHz, application as Figure 4. Measured at baseband outputs of 10MHz Oscillator vcos enabled Oscillator vcov enabled Single ended into 50Ω. Synthesiser should be driven differentially Ω dB 50 8 16,27 0.1 -30MHz bandwidth 10 16,27 94 97 kΩ pF dBµV 16,27 99 111 dBµV See Note 7 5 See Note 7 16,27 -40 -34 dBc See Note 7 16,27 -34 -22 dBc See Note 7 16,27 84 dBµV 16,18 27,25 30 dB Terminated voltage gain into load as in Figure 3. Terminated voltage gain into load as in Figure 3 13 SL1925 Preliminary Information Electrical Characteristics (continued) These characteristics are guaranteed by either production test or design. They apply within the specified ambient temperature and supply voltage unless otherwise stated. Tamb = -20°C to + 70°C, Vee= 0V, Vcc = 4.75V to 5.25V. Desired channel at fc MHz Characteristic Value Pin Typ Min Baseband amplifier output impedance Baseband amplifier output limiting Baseband amplifier 1dB bandwidth Baseband output roll off Max 18,25 20 Conditions Units Ω 18,25 2.0 Vp-p 18,25 40 MHz 18,25 6 dB/oct pk-pk level at hard clipping. Load as in Figure 3. Load as in Figure 3. Above 3dB point, no load Notes : 1. Systems specifications refer to total cascaded system of front end converter/AGC stage and baseband amplifier stage with nominal 6dB pad as interstage filter and load impedance as in Figure 3. 2. AGC set to deliver output amplitude of 108dBµV on desired channel, input frequency fc and amplitude of 79dBµV, with two interferers of frequencies fc+146 and fc+155MHz at 97dBµV generating output intermodulation spur at 9MHz. 40MHz 3dB bandwidth interstage filter included. 3. AGC set to deliver output amplitude of 108dBµV on desired channel, input frequency fc and amplitude 79 dBµV, with two interferers of frequencies fc+110 and fc+211MHz at 97 dBµV generating output intermodulation spur at 9MHz. 40MHz 3dB bandwidth interstage filter included. 4. Two tones within RF operating frequency range at 97dBµV, conversion gain set at 4dB. 5. The level of 2.01GHz downconverted to baseband relative to 1.01 GHz with the oscillator tuned to 1 GHz, measured with no input filtering. 6. The level of second harmonic of 1.01 GHz input at -25 dBm downconverted to baseband relative to 2.01 GHz at -40 dBm with the oscillator tuned to 2 GHz, measured with no input filtering. 7. Two tones within operating frequency range at 77dBµV. Absolute Maximum Ratings All voltages are referred to Vee at 0V (pins 5,8,11,15,17,20,26,28) Characteristic Supply Voltage, Vcc PSout &PSoutb DC offset RF & RFB input voltage All other I/O ports DC offset Storage Temperature Junction Temperature NP28 package Thermal resistance Chip to ambient Chip to case Power consumption at 5.25V ESD protection 14 Value Pin 2,13,23 3,4 21,22 1,6,7,9 10,12 14,16 18,19 24,25,27 Max -0.3 Vcc-3.0 7 Vcc+0.3 2.5 Vcc+0.3 V Vp-p Vp-p V +150 +150 °C °C 85 20 893 °C/W °C/W mW kV -0.3 -55 All Units Min 4 Conditions Transient condition only AC coupled, transient conditions only Mil Std-883 latest revision method 3015 class 1 Preliminary Information SL1925 SL1925 Demo Board 2. VCO control The demo board contains an SL1925 direct conversion IC and SP5769 synthesiser. Reference to the specifications for each device may be required in conjunction with these notes. The two VCO’s are selected by toggling port P1 on the synthesiser which in turn toggles the LOsel input of the SL1925. The board contains all components necessary to demonstrate operation of the SL1925. The schematic and PCB layout of the board are shown in figures 16, 17 and 18. The SP5769 synthesiser is provided to control each of the oscillators of the SL1925. VCOS is switched on (and hence VCOV off) by clicking P1 on - a tick will appear. VCOS oscillates at twice the LO frequency (lower band) and is then divided by two to provide the required LO frequency in the range 950MHz to 1500MHz approximately. Supplies The board must be provided with the following supplies: VCOV is switched on (and hence VCOS off) by clicking P1 off - no tick. 5V for the synthesiser, 30V for the varactor line and 5V for the SL1925. VCOV oscillates at the LO frequency (upper band) in the range 1450MHz to 2150MHz approximatley. The supply connector is a 5 pin 0.1” pitch pin header. 3. AGC control The order of connections is 5V - GND - 30V - GND - 5V The AGC input of the SL1925 which determines the conversion gain should be controlled by application of an external voltage to the AGC pin, TP1. I2C Bus Connections The board is provided with a RJ11 I2C bus connector which feeds directly to the SP5769 synthesiser. This connects to a standard 4 way cable which is supplied with the interface box. Caution: Care should be taken to ensure the chip is powered ON when +ve voltages are applied to the AGC input so as to avoid powering the chip up via the ESD protection diode of the AGC input. It is recommended that a low current limit is set on the external source used. Operating Instructions 4. Free running the VCO’s 1. Software Use the Mitel Semiconductor synthesiser software. Pull down the I2C bus section menu then select the SP5769. It is suggested that the charge pump setting 130uA is used, and the reference divider is set to 32. These settings give a small loop bandwidth (i.e. 100’s Hz), which allows detailed phase noise measurements of the oscillators to be taken, if desired. Select the required VCO using port P1 and then using the software choose an LO frequency which is above the maximum frequency capability of the oscillator. 3GHz is suggested for both oscillators. Under this condition the varactor control voltage is pumped to its maximum value, i.e. to the top of the band. The oscillator frequency may be manually tuned by varying the 30V supply. 15 +5V GND +30V GND +5V SDA5 5V0 GND SCL5 I2C BUS J3 J1 DC Power 1 2 3 4 5 C37 100pF 3 4 5 6 30V C38 100pF 100nF C34 5V Synth X1 4MHz C30 82pF R16 10K 8 7 6 5 4 2 C60 150pF 3 1 LO SELECT Vcc RF IP PORT P0 ADDRESS IC2 SP5769 PORT P1 P2 P3/LL SCL SDA RF IP Vee DRIVE REF/COMP XTAL CAP CH PUMP XTAL R7 13K C49 100nF C32 68pF C43 100nF + C52 4u7 C31 15nF C47 100pF C51 100pF C44 100pF C50 100nF C42 100pF 5V 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 R8 22K C33 100nF C41 4u7 C39 2n2 Figure 16 L3 L3 &L4 L49.0mm 8.0mmXX0.44mm 0.44mm L1 & L2 L26.0mm 6.15mm X 0.44mm L1 & X 0.44mm VD4 BB811 VD2 1T379 PSCa PSCb VD1 1T379 VD3 BB811 R19 1K R10 1K APPROXIMATE STRIPLINE DIMENSIONS 5V Synth PSCa PSCb T1 BCW31 15K R9 + L4 L3 L2 L1 C13 C14 5V 2 1 5 R1 1K Vee IP FQ Vee Q OUT AGC Vee RF inB RF inA Vcc LO Sel I OUT Vee IP FI Vee C4 3p9 R2 1K 28 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 5V C1 1nF 1nF R101 0R C3 3p9 C5 220nF C16 1nF 2 J2 C24 100nF R6 100R R102 120R C80 15pF R17 1K SMA6 IP/OP FQ SMA2 Q OUT SMA1 RF IN SMA3 I OUT SMA5 IP/OP FI MITEL 1-2 FILTER OUTPUT 2-3 FILTER INPUT LINK INFORMATION C81 15pF R18 1K 1-2 FILTER OUTPUT TP1 Ext AGC Volts C25 100nF R5 100R LO SELECT C6 220nF C2 R3 1K R100 0R J4 2-3 FILTER INPUT LINK INFORMATION SL1925 L BAND QUADRATURE DOWNCONVERTER OP FQ Vcc NC Vee Tankvb Tankv Vee Tanksb Tanks Vee PSoutb PSout Vcc OP FI IC1 SL1925 C23 100nF 14 13 12 11 10 9 8 7 6 Title: 5V 1nF 4 1nF 3 C26 100nF R4 1K 2 3 1 1 16 3 SL1925 Preliminary Information Preliminary Information SL1925 Figure 17 Top View 17 SL1925 Preliminary Information Figure 18 Bottom view 18 http://www.mitelsemi.com World Headquarters - Canada Tel: +1 (613) 592 2122 Fax: +1 (613) 592 6909 North America Tel: +1 (770) 486 0194 Fax: +1 (770) 631 8213 Asia/Pacific Tel: +65 333 6193 Fax: +65 333 6192 Europe, Middle East, and Africa (EMEA) Tel: +44 (0) 1793 518528 Fax: +44 (0) 1793 518581 Information relating to products and services furnished herein by Mitel Corporation or its subsidiaries (collectively “Mitel”) is believed to be reliable. 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Manufacturing does not necessarily include testing of all functions or parameters. These products are not suitable for use in any medical products whose failure to perform may result in significant injury or death to the user. All products and materials are sold and services provided subject to Mitel’s conditions of sale which are available on request. M Mitel (design) and ST-BUS are registered trademarks of MITEL Corporation Mitel Semiconductor is an ISO 9001 Registered Company Copyright 1999 MITEL Corporation All Rights Reserved Printed in CANADA TECHNICAL DOCUMENTATION - NOT FOR RESALE