SEMTECH SC4525C

SC4525C
28V 3A Step-Down Switching Regulator
POWER MANAGEMENT
Features
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Description
Wide input range: 3V to 28V
3A Output Current
200kHz to 2MHz Programmable Frequency
Precision 1V Feedback Voltage
Peak Current-Mode Control
Cycle-by-Cycle Current Limiting
Hiccup Overload Protection with Frequency Foldback
Soft-Start and Enable
Thermal Shutdown
Thermally Enhanced 8-pin SOIC Package
Fully RoHS and WEEE compliant
Applications
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XDSL and Cable Modems
Set Top Boxes
Point of Load Applications
CPE Equipment
DSP Power Supplies
LCD and Plasma TVs
The SC4525C is a constant frequency peak current-mode
step-down switching regulator capable of producing 3A
output current from an input ranging from 3V to 28V. The
switching frequency of the SC4525C is programmable
up to 2MHz, allowing the use of small inductors and
ceramic capacitors for miniaturization, and high input/
output conversion ratio. The SC4525C is suitable for
next generation XDSL modems, high-definition TVs and
various point of load applications.
Peak current-mode PWM control employed in the
SC4525C achieves fast transient response with simple loop
compensation. Cycle-by-cycle current limiting and hiccup
overload protection reduces power dissipation during
output overload. Soft-start function reduces input startup current and prevents the output from overshooting
during power-up.
The SC4525C is available in SOIC-8 EDP package.
SC4525A
Typical Application Circuit
Efficiency
90
D1
C4
4.7mF
1N4148
C1
0.33mF
L1
BST
IN
SW
5.2mH
SC4525C
SS/EN
80
OUT
R4
33.2k
5V/3A
FB
COMP
C7
22nF
C8
22pF
ROSC
R7
12.7k
GND
R5
15.8k
D2
20BQ030
R6
8.25k
C5
2.2nF
C2
10mFX3
Efficiency (%)
10V– 28V
V IN
70
60
50
40
0.0
L1: Coiltronics CD1- 5R2
VIN = 24V
VIN = 12V
0.5
C2: Murata GRM31CR60J106K
C4: Murata GRM32ER71H475K
1.0
1.5
2.0
2.5
3.0
Load Current (A)
Figure 1. 1MHz 10V -28V to 5V/3A Step-down Converter
Jan. 13, 2011
Efficiency of the 1MHz 10V-28V to 5V/3A Step-Down Conve
SC4525C
Pin Configuration
Ordering Information
SW
1
8
BST
IN
2
7
FB
ROSC
3
6
COMP
GND
4
5
SS/EN
9
Device
Package
SC4525CSETRT(1)(2)
SOIC-8 EDP
SC4525CEVB
Evaluation Board
Notes:
(1) Available in tape and reel only. A reel contains 2,500 devices.
(2) Available in lead-free package only. Device is fully WEEE and RoHS
compliant and halogen-free.
(8 - Pin SOIC - EDP)
Marking Information
yyww=Date code (Example: 0752)
xxxxx=Semtech Lot No. (Example: E9010)
SC4525C
Absolute Maximum Ratings
Thermal Information
VIN Supply Voltage ……………………………… -0.3 to 32V
Junction to Ambient (1) ……………………………… 36°C/W
BST Voltage ……………………………………………… 42V
Junction to Case (1) …………………………………
BST Voltage above SW …………………………………… 34V
Maximum Junction Temperature……………………… 150°C
5.5°C/W
Storage Temperature ………………………… -65 to +150°C
SS Voltage ……………………………………………-0.3 to 3V
FB Voltage …………………………………………… -0.3 to VIN
SW Voltage ………………………………………… -0.6 to VIN
Lead Temperature (Soldering) 10 sec ………………… 300°C
Recommended Operating Conditions
SW Transient Spikes (10ns Duration)……… -2.5V to VIN +1.5V
Input Voltage Range ……………………………… 3V to 28V
Peak IR Reflow Temperature ………………………….
Maximum Output Current ……………………………… 3A
260°C
ESD Protection Level ………………………………… 2000V
(2)
Operating Ambient Temperature …………… -40 to +105°C
Operating Junction Temperature …………… -40 to +125°C
Exceeding the above specifications may result in permanent damage to the device or device malfunction. Operation outside of the parameters specified in the
Electrical Characteristics section is not recommended.
NOTES(1) Calculated from package in still air, mounted to 3” x 4.5”, 4 layer FR4 PCB with thermal vias under the exposed pad per JESD51 standards.
(2) Tested according to JEDEC standard JESD22-A114-B.
Electrical Characteristics
Unless otherwise noted, VIN = 12V, VBST = 15V, VSS = 2.2V, -40°C < TA = TJ < 125°C, ROSC = 12.1kΩ.
Parameter
Conditions
Min
Typ
Max
Units
28
V
2.95
V
Input Supply
Input Voltage Range
VIN Start Voltage
3
VIN Rising
2.70
VIN Start Hysteresis
VIN Quiescent Current
VIN Quiescent Current in Shutdown
2.82
225
mV
VCOMP = 0 (Not Switching)
2
2.6
mA
VSS/EN = 0, VIN = 12V
40
52
µA
1.000
1.020
V
Error Amplifier
Feedback Voltage
Feedback Voltage Line Regulation
FB Pin Input Bias Current
0.980
VIN = 8V to 28V
0.005
VFB = 1V, VCOMP = 0.8V
-170
%/V
-340
nA
Error Amplifier Transconductance
300
µΩ-1
Error Amplifier Open-loop Gain
60
dB
15.2
A/V
VFB = 0.9V
2.35
V
COMP Source Current
VFB = 0.8V, VCOMP = 0.8V
17
COMP Sink Current
VFB = 1.2V, VCOMP = 0.8V
25
COMP Pin to Switch Current Gain
COMP Maximum Voltage
µA
Internal Power Switch
Switch Current Limit
Switch Saturation Voltage
(Note 1)
ISW = -3.9A
3.9
5.1
6.6
A
380
600
mV
SC4525C
Electrical Characteristics (Cont.)
Unless otherwise noted, VIN = 12V, VBST = 15V, VSS = 2.2V, -40°C < TA = TJ < 125°C, ROSC = 12.1kΩ.
Parameter
Conditions
Min
Typ
Minimum Switch On-time
150
Minimum Switch Off-time
100
Switch Leakage Current
Max
Units
ns
150
ns
10
µA
Minimum Bootstrap Voltage
ISW = -3.9A
1.8
2.3
V
BST Pin Current
ISW = -3.9A
100
150
mA
Oscillator
Switching Frequency
Foldback Frequency
ROSC = 12.1kΩ
1.04
1.3
1.56
MHz
ROSC = 73.2kΩ
230
300
370
kHz
ROSC = 12.1kΩ, VFB = 0
100
ROSC = 73.2kΩ, VFB = 0
35
60
90
0.2
0.3
0.4
V
0.95
1.2
1.4
V
250
kHz
Soft Start and Overload Protection
SS/EN Shutdown Threshold
SS/EN Switching Threshold
Soft-start Charging Current
VFB = 0 V
VSS/EN = 0 V
VSS/EN = 1.5 V
1.9
1.6
Soft-start Discharging Current
2.4
3.2
µA
1.5
µA
Hiccup Arming SS/EN Voltage
VSS/EN Rising
2.15
V
Hiccup SS/EN Overload Threshold
VSS/EN Falling
1.9
V
Hiccup Retry SS/EN Voltage
VSS/EN Falling
0.6
1.0
1.2
V
Over Temperature Protection
Thermal Shutdown Temperature
165
°C
Thermal Shutdown Hysteresis
10
°C
Note 1: Switch current limit does not vary with duty cycle.
SC4525C
Pin Descriptions
SO-8
Pin Name
Pin Function
1
SW
Emitter of the internal NPN power transistor. Connect this pin to the inductor, the freewheeling diode and the
bootstrap capacitor.
2
IN
Power supply to the regulator. It is also the collector of the internal NPN power transistor. It must be closely bypassed to the ground plane.
3
ROSC
An external resistor from this pin to ground sets the oscillator frequency.
4
GND
Ground pin
5
SS/EN
Soft-start and regulator enable pin. A capacitor from this pin to ground provides soft-start and overload hiccup
functions. Hiccup can be disabled by overcoming the internal soft-start discharging current with an external pullup resistor connected between the SS/EN and the IN pins. Pulling the SS/EN pin below 0.2V completely shuts off
the regulator to low current state.
6
COMP
The output of the internal error amplifier. The voltage at this pin controls the peak switch current. A RC compensation network at this pin stabilizes the regulator.
7
FB
The inverting input of the error amplifier. If VFB falls below 0.8V, then the switching frequency will be reduced to
improve short-circuit robustness (see Applications Information for details).
8
BST
Supply pin to the power transistor driver. Tie to an external diode-capacitor bootstrap circuit to generate drive
voltage higher than VIN in order to fully enhance the internal NPN power transistor.
9
Exposed Pad
The exposed pad serves as a thermal contact to the circuit board. It is to be soldered to the ground plane of the
PC board.
SC4525C
Block Diagram
IN
SLOPE
COMP
COMP
6
FB
7
+
2
S
+
+
ISEN
3.53m W
+ EA
+
+
ILIM
-
OC
18mV
BST
V1
8
+
PWM
-
S
R
FREQUENCY
FOLDBACK
ROSC
Q
POWER
TRANSISTOR
CLK
OSCILLATOR
3
1.2V
1
R
SW
OVERLOAD
-
PWM
A1
+
R
SS/EN
5
1V
SOFT- START
AND
OVERLOAD
HICCUP
CONTROL
1.9V
REFERENCE
& THERMAL
SHUTDOWN
FAULT
GND
4
Figure 2. SC4525C Block Diagram
1.9V
SS/EN
IC
2.4mA
B4
+
Q
B1
OVERLOAD
R
1V/2.15V
FAULT
S
ID
3.9mA
B2
_
Q
S
OC
R
PWM
B3
Figure 3. Soft-start and Overload Hiccup Control Circuit
(2) 24Vin Eff
Curve 3
Typical Characteristics
SC4525A
SS270 REV 6-7
85
V O=3.3V
80
65
V O=1.5V
60
55
Curve 5
45
50
VIN =12V
1.01
V O=3.3V
75
Efficiency (%)
70
1.02
V O=5V
80
V O=2.5V
75
Feedback Voltage vs Temperature
Efficiency
90
VO=5V
85
Efficiency (%)
SC4525A
Efficiency
90
SC4525C
V O=2.5V
70
VFB (V)
ff
65
60
55
1MHz, VIN=12V
D2 =B320A
Curve 6
45
50
40
1MHz, VIN=24V
0.5
1
1.5
2
2.5
0.97
0
3
0.5
Load Current (A)
SS270 REV 6-7
1
1.5
2
2.5
3
-50
Frequency Setting Resistor
vs Frequency
(8) OCP current
1
0.25 0.5 0.75 1
1.25 1.5 1.75 2
100 125
Foldback Frequency vs VFB
1.1
ROSC =73.2k
1.0
ROSC =12.1k
(9) BST Pin current
0.9
0.8
-50
-25
0
25
50
75
1
0.75
ROSC =73.2k
0.5
TA=25oC
0.25
ROSC =12.1k
0
0.00
100 125
0.20
0.40
Temperature (OC)
0.60
0.80
1.00
VFB (V)
SS270 REV 6-7
500
Switch Saturation Voltage
vs Switch Current
Switch Current Limit vs Temperature
BST Pin Current vs Switch Current
100.0
5.2
VIN =12V
450
25oC
o
-40 C
200
150
BST Pin Current (mA)
300
Current Limit (A)
350
250
V BST-SW =5V
4.8
125oC
400
VCESAT (mV)
75
1.25
1.2
Frequency (MHz)
SS270 REV 6-7
50
Temperature ( C)
Normalized Frequency
10
25
SS270 REV 6-7
Frequency vs Temperature
Normalized Frequency
ROSC (k)
100
0
o
VIN =12V
0
-25
Load Current (A)
SS270 REV 6-7
1000
0.99
0.98
D 2 =B330A
40
0
1.00
4.4
4.0
3.6
75.0
-40oC
50.0
125oC
25.0
100
50
0.0 0.5 1.0 1.5 2.0 2.5 3.0 3.5 4.0 4.5
Switch Current (A)
0.0
3.2
-50
-25
0
25
50
75
Temperature (oC)
100 125
0
0.5
1
1.5
2
2.5
3
3.5
4
Switch Current (A)
SC4525C
Curve 12
Curve 11
Typical Characteristics (Cont.)
SS270 REV 6-7
SS270 REV 6-7
SS270 REV 6-7
VIN Supply Current
vs Soft-Start Voltage
VIN Thresholds vs Temperature
2.5
2.8
2.7
2.6
80
-40oC
1.5
1.0
Curve 14
2.5
0.5
2.4
0.0
60
-40oC
-25
0
20
Curve 15
25
50
75
0
100 125
0.5
o
0
1
1.5
SS270 REV 6-7
5
10
20
25
30
Soft-Start Charging Current
vs Soft-Start Voltage
SS Shutdown Threshold
vs Temperature
0.40
125oC
15
VIN (V)
SS270 REV 6-7
VIN Quiescent Current vs VIN
2.5
0
2
VSS (V)
Temperature ( C)
SS270 REV 6-7
125oC
40
UVLO
-50
0.0
-0.5
o
SS Threshold (V)
-40 C
1.5
1.0
0.5
0.35
Current (uA)
2.0
Current (mA)
VSS = 0
125oC
2.0
Current (mA)
VIN Threshold (V)
2.9
Start
Current (uA)
3.0
VIN Shutdown Current vs VIN
100
0.30
15
VIN (V)
20
25
-2.0
-3.0
0.20
10
-40oC
-1.5
-2.5
0.0
5
125oC
0.25
VCOMP = 0
0
-1.0
30
-50
-25
0
25
50
75
o
Temperature ( C)
100 125
0
0.5
1
1.5
2
VSS (V)
SC4525C
Applications Information
Operation
The SC4525C is a constant-frequency, peak current-mode,
step-down switching regulator with an integrated 28V,
3.9A power NPN transistor. Programmable switching
frequency makes the regulator design more flexible. With
the peak current-mode control, the double reactive poles
of the output LC filter are reduced to a single real pole by
the inner current loop. This simplifies loop compensation
and achieves fast transient response with a simple Type-2
compensation network.
As shown in Figure 2, the switch collector current is
sensed with an integrated 3.53mW sense resistor. The
sensed current is summed with a slope-compensating
ramp before it is compared with the transconductance
error amplifier (EA) output. The PWM comparator trip
point determines the switch turn-on pulse width. The
current-limit comparator ILIM turns off the power switch
when the sensed signal exceeds the 18mV current-limit
threshold.
Driving the base of the power transistor above the
input power supply rail minimizes the power transistor
saturation voltage and maximizes efficiency. An external
bootstrap circuit (formed by the capacitor C1 and the
diode D1 in Figure 1) generates such a voltage at the BST
pin for driving the power transistor.
When the SS/EN pin is released, the soft-start capacitor
is charged with an internal 1.9µA current source (not
shown in Figure 3). As the SS/EN voltage exceeds 0.4V,
the internal bias circuit of the SC4525C turns on and the
SC4525C draws 2mA from VIN. The 1.9µA charging current
turns off and the 2.4µA current source IC in Figure 3 slowly
charges the soft-start capacitor.
The error amplifier EA in Figure 2 has two non-inverting
inputs. The non-inverting input with the lower voltage
predominates. One of the non-inverting inputs is biased
to a precision 1V reference and the other non-inverting
input is tied to the output of the amplifier A1. Amplifier A1
produces an output V1 = 2(VSS/EN -1.2V). V1 is zero and COMP
is forced low when VSS/EN is below 1.2V. During start up,
the effective non-inverting input of EA stays at zero until
the soft-start capacitor is charged above 1.2V. Once VSS/
exceeds 1.2V, COMP is released. The regulator starts to
EN
switch when VCOMP rises above 0.4V. If the soft-start interval
is made sufficiently long, then the FB voltage (hence the
output voltage) will track V1 during start up. VSS/EN must be
at least 1.83V for the output to achieve regulation. Proper
soft-start prevents output overshoot. Current drawn from
the input supply is also well controlled.
Overload / Short-Circuit Protection
Table 2 lists various fault conditions and their
corresponding protection schemes in the SC4525C.
Shutdown and Soft-Start
Table 2: Fault conditions and protections
The SS/EN pin is a multiple-function pin. An external
capacitor (4.7nF to 22nF) connected from the SS pin to
ground sets the soft-start and overload shutoff times of
the regulator (Figure 3). The effect of VSS/EN on the SC4525C
is summarized in Table 1.
Table 1: SS/EN operation modes
SS/EN
Mode
Supply Current
<0.2V
Shutdown
18uA @ 5Vin
0.4V to 1.2V
Not switching
2mA
1.2V to 2.15V
Switching & hiccup disabled
>2.15V
Switching & hiccup armed
Load dependent
Pulling the SS/EN pin below 0.2V shuts off the regulator
and reduces the input supply current to 18µA (VIN = 5V).
Condition
Cause of Fault
Protective Action
Cycle-by-cycle limit at
IL>ILimit, V FB>0.8V
Over current
IL>ILimit, V FB<0.8V
Over current
VSS/EN Falling
Persistent over current
frequency foldback
Shutdown, then retry
SS/EN<1.9V
or short circuit
(Hiccup)
Tj>160C
Over temperature
Shutdown
programmed frequency
Cycle-by-cycle limit with
As summarized in Table 1, overload shutdown is disabled
during soft-start (VSS/EN<2.15V). In Figure 3, the reset input
of the overload latch B2 will remain high if the SS/EN
voltage is below 2.15V. Once the soft-start capacitor is
charged above 2.15V, the output of the Schmitt trigger
B1 goes high, the reset input of B2 goes low and hiccup
SC4525C
Applications Information (Cont.)
Table 3: Resistor for Typical Switching Frequency
If the FB voltage falls below 0.8V because of output
overload, then the switching frequency will be reduced.
Frequency foldback helps to limit the inductor current
when the output is hard shorted to ground.
Fig.4
During normal operation, the soft-start capacitor is
charged to 2.4V.
Setting the Output Voltage
The regulator output voltage, VO, is set with an external
resistive divider (Figure 1) with its center tap tied to the FB
pin. For a given R6 value, R4 can be found by
V
R 4 = R 6  O − 1 
1
 .0 V

(1)
VO + VD Frequency
SettingDthe
= Switching
VIN + VD − VCESAT
The switching frequency of the SC4525C is set with an
external resistor from the ROSC pin to ground. Table 3 lists
the standard(resistor
V + VD )values
⋅ (1 − Dfor
) typical frequency setting.
DIL = O
FSW ⋅ L 1
L1 =
( VO + VD ) ⋅ (1 − D)
20 % ⋅ IO ⋅ FSW
Freq. (k)
ROSC (k)
Freq. (k)
ROSC (k)
Freq. (k)
ROSC (k)
200
110
700
25.5
1400
9.76
250
84.5
800
21.5
1500
8.87
300
69.8
900
18.2
1600
8.06
350
57.6
1000
15.8
1700
7.15
400
49.9
1100
14.0
1800
6.34
500
38.3
1200
12.4
1900
5.62
600
30.9
1300
11.0
2000
5.23
Minimum On Time Consideration
AC =
V
The operating
duty
cycle of a non-synchronous stepR 4 = R 6  O − 1 
down switching
in continuous-conduction
 1 . 0 Vregulator

mode (CCM) is given by
VO + VD
D=
VIN + VD − VCESAT
AC =
(2)
where VIN is the input voltage, VCESAT is the switch saturation
voltage, and VD is voltage drop across the rectifying
diode. DI = ( VO + VD ) ⋅ (1 − D)
L
FSW ⋅ L 1
In peak current-mode control, the PWM modulating
ramp is the( Vsensed
+ V ) ⋅ current
(1 − D) ramp of the power switch.
L1 = O D
This current
ramp
is
unless the switch is turned
20 % ⋅ IO ⋅absent
FSW
on. The intersection of this ramp with the output of the
voltage feedback error amplifier determines the switch
pulse Iwidth.
The propagation delay time required to
RMS _ CIN = I O ⋅ D ⋅ (1 − D)
immediately turn off the switch after it is turned on is the
SS270 REV 6-7
minimum controllable switch on time (TON(MIN)).
R7 =
C5 =
C8 =
Vo
=
Vc
GPWM
Minumum
On Time 1vs Temperature



DVO200
= DIL ⋅  ESR +
8 ⋅ FSW ⋅ C O 

V =1.5V, I =1A, 1MHz
180
O
 O1
V 
1
R7 =
AC = − 20 ⋅ log
⋅
⋅ FB 
G
R
2
π
F
C
V
C O
O 
160  CA S
IO
C IN >
C5 =
4 ⋅ DVIN ⋅ F1SW
1
1 .0 
140 
AC = − 20 ⋅ log
⋅
⋅
 = 15
 28 ⋅ 6 . 1 ⋅ 10 − 3 2 π ⋅ 80 ⋅ 10 3 ⋅ 22 ⋅ 10 −6 3 . 3 
C8 =
120
TON_MIN (ns)
becomes armed. As the load draws more current from
the regulator, the current-limit comparator ILIM (Figure
2) will eventually limit the switch current on a cycle-bycycle basis. The over-current signal OC goes high, setting
the latch B3. The soft-start capacitor is discharged with
(ID - IC) (Figure 3). If the inductor current falls below the
current limit and the PWM comparator instead turns off
the switch, then latch B3 will be reset and IC will recharge
the soft-start capacitor. If over-current condition persists
or OC becomes asserted more often than PWM over
a period of time, then the soft-start capacitor will be
discharged below 1.9V. At this juncture, comparator B4
sets the overload latch B2. The soft-start capacitor will be
continuously discharged with (ID - IC). The COMP pin is
immediately pulled to ground. The switching regulator is
shut off until the soft-start capacitor is discharged below
1.0V. At this moment, the overload latch is reset. The
soft-start capacitor is recharged and the converter again
undergoes soft-start. The regulator will go through softstart, overload shutdown and restart until it is no longer
overloaded.
15 . 9
20
10100
R7 =
= 22 . 3 k
0 . 28 ⋅ 10-50−3 -25 0 25 50 O 75 100 125
Temperature ( C)
1
C5 =
= 0 . 45 nF
2 π ⋅ 16 ⋅ 10 3 ⋅ 22 . 1 ⋅ 10 3
Figure 4. Variation of Minimum On Time
1with Ambient Temperature
C8 =
= 12pF
2 π⋅ 600 ⋅ 10 3 ⋅ 22 . 1 ⋅ 10 3
10
 1 .0 V

 V

R4 = R6  O − 1 
V
+
V
1
.
0
V
 O D 
D=
VIN + VD − VCESAT
VO + VD
D=
VIN + VD − VCESAT
( V + VD ) ⋅ (1 − D)
DIL = O
FSW ⋅ L 1
SC4525C is 3.9A minus
one half of the inductor ripple
( V + VD ) ⋅ (1 − D)
current.
DIL = O
( V + FVD ) ⋅⋅(L11− D)
L 1 = O SW
20 % ⋅ ICapacitor
O ⋅ FSW
Input Decoupling
( V + V ) ⋅ (1 − D)
L1 = O D
The input capacitor
20 % ⋅ IOshould
⋅ FSW be chosen to handle the RMS
I
=
I
⋅
D ⋅ converter.
(1 − D)
RMS
_
CIN
O
ripple current of a buck
This value is given by
SC4525C
Applications Information (Cont.)
Closed-loop measurement shows that the SC4525C
minimum on time is about 120ns at room temperature
(Figure 4). If the required switch on time is shorter than
the minimum on time, the regulator will either skip cycles
or it will jitter.
To allow for transient headroom, the minimum operating
switch on time should be at least 20% to 30% higher than
the worst-case minimum on time.
Minimum Off Time Limitation
The PWM latch in Figure 2 is reset every cycle by the
clock. The clock also turns off the power transistor to
refresh the bootstrap capacitor. This minimum off time
limits the attainable duty cycle of the regulator at a given
switching frequency. The measured minimum off time is
100ns typically. If the required duty cycle is higher than
the attainable maximum, then the output voltage will not
 VOits−set
be able
R 4 to
= Rreach
1  value in continuous-conduction
6
 1 .0 V

mode.
Inductor Selection
VO + VD
D=
VIN + VD − VCESAT
The inductor ripple current for a non-synchronous stepdown converter in continuous-conduction mode is
(V V
+ V ) ⋅ (1 − D)
RD4IL==R 6 O O D− 1 
V ⋅ L 1
 1 . 0FSW
(3)
where FSW is the switching frequency and L1 is the
( V V+ V+ )V⋅ (1 − D)
inductance.
LD1== O O D D
⋅ I ⋅ FSW
VIN 20
+ V%
D −OVCESAT
An inductor ripple current between 20% to 50% of the
maximum load current, IO, gives a good compromise
⋅ )D⋅ (and
⋅1(1−−D
D
_ CIN
amongIRMS
efficiency,
size.
( VO= I+O Vcost
) ) Re-arranging Equation (3)
D
D
I
=
L
and assuming
35%
ripple current, the inductor is
FSWinductor
⋅ L1
given by
 D ) ⋅ (1 − D) 1

(V + V

LD1VO= = DOIL ⋅  ESR
+
35 % ⋅ IO ⋅ FSW8 ⋅ FSW ⋅ C O 
(4)
If the input voltage varies over a wide range, then choose
L1 based on the nominal input voltage. Always verify
IRMS _ CIN = I O ⋅ D ⋅ (1 − D)
converter
operation at the input voltage extremes.
IO
C IN >
4 ⋅ DV ⋅ F
The peak current INlimitSWof SC4525C power transistor is at
least 3.9A. The maximum
deliverable

 load current for the
1

DVO = DIL ⋅  ESR +
8 ⋅ FSW ⋅ C O 

IRMS _ CIN = I O ⋅ D ⋅ (1 − D)
(5)


1

DVOcapacitance
= DIL ⋅  ESR must
+
The input
also be high
enough to keep
8 ⋅ FSW ⋅ C O 

input ripple voltage within specification. This is important


1 from
in reducing
EMI
 ESR +
 the regulator. The
DVO = the
DIL ⋅conductive
⋅ FSW ⋅ C O from

input capacitance can be8estimated
AC =
AC =
R7 =
RC75 ==
CC5 ==
8
C8 =
Vo
=
Vc
Vo
=
Vc
GPWM
GPWM
R7 =
AC =
VIO
RC7 ==
(6)
RC4IN=>R 6  O − 1 
5
4⋅1D.V
⋅
F
0INV SW
AC =
 IO
1 inputVripple
FB 
is the 1allowable
voltage.

CDV
>log
Awhere
⋅
⋅
C
IN ⋅IN
C = − 20
C58 ==
4⋅ V
DCA
VINRV⋅SFSW2 πFC C O VO 
G
O +
D
D=
Multi-layerVceramic
capacitors, which have very low ESR
IN + VD − VCESAT
1 handle high RMS1 ripple current,
1 . 0 C 8 =
(a few mW) and can easily
AC = − 20 ⋅ log
⋅
⋅
=
R=7 15
−3
3
−6
are the ideal choice
3 .3 
28 ⋅ 6 . 1for
⋅ 10input2 πfiltering.
⋅ 80 ⋅ 10 A ⋅ single
22 ⋅ 10 4.7µF
X5R ceramic( Vcapacitor
is adequate for 500kHz or higher
O + VD ) ⋅ (1 − D)
DIL =frequency
switching
applications, and 10µF is adequate C 5 =
15 . 9
FSW ⋅ L 1
for 200kHz
500kHz
switching
For high
10 20 to
 =

V frequency.
122 . 3 k 1
R7 =
Avoltage
−. 28
20applications,
⋅⋅ 10
log−3
⋅ FB (1µF or 2.2µF) can be
a⋅ small ceramic
C =0
C8 =
R 2 πDF)C C O VO 
( VO G
+CA
Vwith
D )S⋅ (1a−low
placedLin
parallel
ESR
electrolytic
capacitor
to
=
1
1
203ESR
% ⋅ IOand
⋅ FSWbulk
Csatisfy
= 0 . 45 nF
5 =
both the
3 capacitance requirements.
2 π ⋅ 16 ⋅ 10
⋅
22
.
1
⋅
10
1
1
1 .0 
AC = − 20 ⋅ log
⋅
⋅
 = 15
−3
3
−6
3 . 3  Vo
28
⋅
6
.
1
⋅
10
2
π
⋅
80
⋅
10
⋅
22
⋅
10
 1
Output
Capacitor
=
C8 = I
= I O3 ⋅⋅ 22D.⋅1(1⋅ 10
− D3 ) = 12pF
Vc
_ CIN⋅ 10
2 πRMS
⋅ 600
The output15 .9ripple voltage DVO of a buck converter can be
10 20as
Rexpressed
= 22 . 3 k
7 =
− 3 (1 + s R
GPWM
Vo 0 . 28 ⋅ 10
ESR C O )
GPWM
=

21
2 


D
V
=
D
I
⋅
ESR
+
V
(
1
+
s
/
ω
)
(
1
+
s
/
ω
Q
+
s
/
ω
)
(7)
O
c
p L1 
n
n 
8 ⋅3FSW
C5 =
= 0⋅.C
45O nF

3 
2 π ⋅ 16 ⋅ 10 ⋅ 22 . 1 ⋅ 10
where CO is the output capacitance.
R7 =
R
1
1
1
G
≈
, 3
ωp ≈ 3 = 12
, pF
ωZ =
,
CPWM
8 =
⋅ Rinductor
R ESR C O
⋅CA
600
. 1 ⋅ 10 R C O
S⋅ 10 ⋅ 22
Since2 πG
the
IO ripple current DIL increases as D
C IN >(Equation (3)), the output ripple voltage is C 5 =
decreases
AC
4 ⋅ DVIN ⋅ FSW
therefore
when V is at its maximum.
10 20 the highest
RV7o =
GPWM (1 + s R ESR C O )IN
= gm
2
VAc 22µF
(1 +to
s /47µF
ωp )(1X5R
+ s ceramic
/ ωn Q + scapacitor
/ ωn2 ) is found adequate C 8 =
1
output filtering in most applications. Ripple current
Cfor
5 =
2 πFoutput
Z1 R 7
in the
capacitor is not
R
1 a concern because1 the
Ginductor
≈
,
ω
≈
,
ωZ =feeds C ,,
current
of
a
buck
converter
directly
PWM
p
1
RCO
R ESR C OO
C 8 = GCA ⋅ R S
2 πFP1 R 7
AC
R =
10 20
11
SC4525C
Applications Information (Cont.)
Freewheeling Diode
Use of Schottky barrier diodes as freewheeling rectifiers
reduces diode reverse recovery input current spikes,
easing high-side current sensing in the SC4525C. These
diodes should have an average forward current rating
at least 3A and a reverse blocking voltage of at least a
few volts higher than the input voltage. For switching
regulators operating at low duty cycles (i.e. low output
voltage to input voltage conversion ratios), it is beneficial
to use freewheeling diodes with somewhat higher
average current ratings (thus lower forward voltages). This
is because the diode conduction interval is much longer
than that of the transistor. Converter efficiency will be
improved if the voltage drop across the diode is lower.
Fig 5
The freewheeling diode should be placed close to the
SW pin of the SC4525C to minimize ringing due to trace
inductance. 20BQ030 (International Rectifier), B320A,
B330A (Diodes Inc.), SS33 (Vishay), CMSH3-20MA and
CMSH3-40MA (Central-Semi.) are all suitable.
For the bootstrap circuit, a fast switching PN diode
(such as 1N4148 or 1N914) and a small (0.33µF – 0.47µF)
ceramic capacitor is sufficient for most applications. When
bootstrapping from 2.5V to 3.0V output voltages, use a
low forward drop Schottky diode (BAT-54 or similar) for
D1. When bootstrapping from high input voltages (>20V),
reduce the maximum BST voltage by connecting a Zener
diode (D3) in series with D1 as shown in Figure 6 (b). If VOUT
> 8V, then a protection diode D4 between the SW and
the BST pins will be required as shown in Figure 6 (c). D4
can be a small PN diode such as 1N4148 or 1N914 if the
operating temperature does not exceed 85 ºC. Use a small
Schottky diode (BAT54 or similar) if the converter is to
SS270 REV 6-7
operate up to 125 ºC.
Minimum Bootstrap Voltage
vs Temperature
2.2
2.1
Voltage (V)
resulting in very low ripple current. Avoid using Z5U
and Y5V ceramic capacitors for output filtering because
these types of capacitors have high temperature and high
voltage coefficients.
2.0
1.9
1.8
ISW =-3.9A
1.7
1.6
The freewheeling diode should be placed close to the SW
pin of the SC4525C on the PCB to minimize ringing due to
trace inductance.
Bootstrapping the Power Transistor
The minimum BST-SW voltage required to fully saturate
the power transistor is shown in Figure 5, which is about
2V at room temperature.
-50
-25
0
50
75
100 125
o
Temperature ( C)
Figure 5. Typical Minimum Bootstrap Voltage required
to Saturate the Transistor (ISW= -3.9A)
D1
BST
C1
VIN
VOUT
SW
IN
The BST-SW voltage is supplied by a bootstrap circuit
powered from either the input or the output of the
converter (Figure 6(a), 6(b) and 6(c)). To maximize
efficiency, tie the bootstrap diode to the converter output
if VO>2.5V as shown in Figure 6(a). Since the bootstrap
supply current is proportional to the converter load
current (Equation (10), page 14), using a lower voltage
to power the bootstrap circuit reduces driving loss and
improves efficiency.
25
SC4525C
D2
GND
(a)
Figure 6(a). Bootstrapping the SC4525C from the
Converter Output
12
SC4525C
Applications Information (Cont.)
VFB 
 11
V
11
FB 
AC =
=diagram
− 20
20 ⋅⋅ log
log
The block
inFigure 7⋅⋅shows the⋅⋅ control
 loops of a
A
−
C
G CAR
R S 22 π
πFFC C
CO V
VO 

G
S
CThe
O inner
O loop (current
 CASC4525C.
buck
converter
with
the
VO
 C1
 V
O −1 
R4 =
=R
R 6BST
loop) consists of a current sensing resistor (Rs=3.53mW)
R
− 1 
4
6
1
.
0
V

1 .0
 1 .0 V

11 with gain
11 The
VIN
VOUT
and a A
(CA)
(GCA=18.5).
Acurrent
=−
− 20
20amplifier
log
⋅
⋅ 1 .0
C =
SW
⋅⋅ log
IN
−33 ⋅
3
−66 ⋅
C
−
3
−
28 ⋅⋅ 66consists
10 of22an
π ⋅⋅ 80
80
10amplifier
22 ⋅⋅ 10
10
 28
33 ..3
..11 ⋅⋅ 10
π
⋅⋅ 10
⋅⋅ 22
error
 1
VFB  outer loop (voltage loop)
1
SC4525C
V
+
V
D


⋅
⋅
O C+ =
VA
VDD− 20 ⋅2log
(EA), a PWM modulator, and a LC filter.
O
D=
= GND
D
G CAR S 2 πFC C O VO 

V
+
V
−
V
IN + VD
D − VCESAT
CESAT
VIN
15 . 9
.9
10 152020loop
10
Since the
current
is= internally
closed, the remaining
R
=
22 . 3 k
7
R7 =
−33 = 22 . 3 k
1
1
1
.
0
−


(b)
0
.
28
⋅
10
compensation
. 28
AC = − 20 ⋅ logD1
⋅  1task 3for the

  = 15 . 9 dB is to design the voltage
V ⋅⋅10
1 0loop
−3
−6
D4
3,. 3and
2 π⋅ 80compensator
⋅ 10⋅ ⋅ 22 ⋅ 10(C
A.C1=⋅ 10
− 20 ⋅ log
⋅ FB
,
R
(( V
VO +
+V
VD )) ⋅⋅ ((11 −
−D
D))  28 ⋅ 6
7 11 C8).
5
G
R
2
π
F
C
V
O
D
C
=
= 00 ..45
45nF
nF
D
I
=
CA
S
C
O
O
5

 33
C5 =
=
DILL =
2π
π ⋅⋅ 16
16 ⋅⋅ 10
10 ⋅⋅ 22
22 ..11 ⋅⋅ 10
10 33
FSW ⋅⋅ LL 1
VO
2
BST FSW


1
C1
= R6 
−1 
For a converter with switching frequency FSW, output
15 . 9
 1 .0 V
VIN
20
1
1 . 0 loading R, the
VOUT>8V
10

111
C3O⋅ =
C 8 −=
=3 L⋅ 1, output capacitance
=and
12pF
pF
AC. 3=k − 20 ⋅ log inductance
= 15 . 9 dB
SW
R
=
=
22
IN ( V +
C
12
3
V
)
⋅
(
1
−
D
)
3
−
6
7
8
−
3
3 ⋅⋅ 22
3 3 .3 
( VOO + VDD ) ⋅0(1. 28
− D⋅)10
ππ
⋅output
600
10
⋅ 10
10function
⋅ 6 . 1 ⋅ 10(V ) 22to2π
⋅ 80 ⋅⋅⋅10
10
22..11
⋅ 10
 28 control
=SC4525C
⋅
600
⋅
22
⋅
(V
)
transfer
in Figure 7 is
LL11 =
C
O
20 %
% ⋅⋅ IIO ⋅⋅ FFSWD2
VO + VD
20
O
SW
given by:
1
GND
C5 =
= 0 . 45 nF
3
3
VIN + VD − VCESAT
15
.
9
2 π ⋅ 16 ⋅ 10 ⋅ 22 . 1 ⋅ 10 20
GPWM ((11 +
+ ss R
R ESR C
C O ))
Vo
G
V
10
PWM
ESR O
o =
(8)
=
IIRMS _ CIN =
= II O ⋅⋅ D
D ⋅⋅ ((11 −
−D
D)) 1 R 7 = 0 . 28 ⋅ 10 −3 = 22 . 3 k V
Vc ((11 +
+ ss // ω
ωp ))((11 +
+ ss // ω
ωn Q
Q + s 22 / ωn22 ))
RMS
_ CINa pnC
O = diode or a Schottky diode
c
p
n + s / ωn
=
12
pF
D4
is either
juntion
8
depending on the operating
temperature.
2 π⋅ 600
⋅ 10 3 ⋅ 22 . 1 ⋅ 10 3
1 This transfer function has a finite DC gain
( VO + VD ) ⋅ (1 − D)
(C)
C5 =
= 0 . 45 nF
=
3
2
π
⋅
16
⋅
10
⋅ 22 . 1 ⋅ 10 3
FSW ⋅ L 1
R
1
1
GPWM ≈
≈ R ,,
ωp ≈
≈ 1 ,,
ωZ =
= 1 ,,
G
ω
ω


1
PWM
p
Z
1 (1 +s R ESR C O )
GCA ⋅⋅ R
RS
RC
CO
R ESR C
CO
1
G
R
R
DV
VO =
=D
DIIL VMethods
⋅o ESR
+ ofGPWM
 =
CA
S
O
ESR O
D
Figure 6(b) and
Bootstrapping
the 2 3
= +
O (c).
L ⋅  ESR
C
=
12
pF
8
⋅
F
⋅
C
8
2
3
(
V
+
V
)
⋅
(
1
−
D
)
SW)(1
⋅ C+OOs/ ωn2Qπ+⋅ 600
)
D
Vc (1 + s8 /⋅ FωSW
s /ω
⋅ 10
⋅ 22 . 1 ⋅ 10
p
n)
= O SC4525C
AC
AC
20
20 % ⋅ IO ⋅ FSW
10
20
10
an ESRRzero
F
at
= Z
R 77 =
gm
Loop Compensation
g
R
(1 + s R ESR
C=O ) m1 ,
Vo ω ≈ 1GPWM
G
≈
,
,
ω
= p
PWM
Z
1 = I ⋅ D ⋅ (1 − D)
2
IIOO
GCA ⋅ R S
11Cn2O)
O
Vc (1 + sR/CωOp )(1 + s / ωnC
Q5 +=
/ω
C
>
_ CIN
C
=sR ESR
IN
C
>
The goal of compensation
is to shape the frequency
IN
5
4
⋅
D
V
⋅
F
⋅
C
πFFZ1 R
R
IN ⋅ FSW
SW
4 ⋅ DVIN
SW
O 
22 π
Z1 77
response of the converter
soAC as to achieve high DC
a dominant low-frequency
pole FP at
20
10
1
accuracy and fast transient
R 7 = response while maintaining
R
1
C8 =
= 1 1
C
8p ≈ 2 πF , R
G
≈
,
ω
ωZ =
,
g
PWM
m
loop stability.

1
P11 R 77
2
π
F
P
G
⋅
R
R
C
R
CO


CA
S
O
ESR
=
D
I
⋅
ESR
+
O
L 
8 ⋅ FSW ⋅ C O 
1

C5 =
AC
and double poles at half the switching frequency.
2
π
F
Z1 R 7
CONTROLLER AND SCHOTTKY DIODE
10 20
R7 =
gm
1
Io
Including the voltage divider (R4 and R6), the control to
Rs
C
CA
8 =
2
π
F
R
feedback transfer function is found and plotted in Figure
IO
P1 7
1
>
C5 =
8 as the converter gain.
REF
4 ⋅ DVIN ⋅ FSW
+
2 πFZ1 R 7
D3
D1
12
EA
FB
-
Vc
PWM
MODULATOR
SW
Vramp
L1
C8 =
COMP
Co
C5
R7
1
2 πFP1 R 7
C8
Resr
Figure 7. Block diagram of control loops
Vo
R4
R6
Since the converter gain has only one dominant pole at
low frequency, a simple Type-2 compensation network
is sufficient for voltage loop compensation. As shown in
Figure 8, the voltage compensator has a low frequency
integrator pole, a zero at FZ1, and a high frequency pole
at FP1. The integrator is used to boost the gain at low
frequency. The zero is introduced to compensate the
excessive phase lag at the loop gain crossover due to the
integrator pole (-90deg) and the dominant pole (-90deg).
13
SC4525C
Applications Information (Cont.)
The high frequency pole nulls the ESR zero and attenuates
high frequency noise.
60
GAIN (dB)
30
Fz1
Fp
0
CO
NV
-30
-60
1K
Fp1
ER
T ER
Fc
LO
CO
MP
OP
G
EN
SA
TO
RG
Choose a loop gain crossover frequency of 80kHz, and
place voltage compensator zero and pole at FZ1=16kHz
(20% of FC), and FP1=600kHz. From Equation (9), the
required compensator gain at FC is
AIN
AIN
AC
GA
IN
Fz
Fsw/2
100K
FREQUENCY (Hz)
1M
Example: Determine the voltage compensator for an
800kHz, 12V to 3.3V/3A converter with 47uF ceramic
output capacitor.
20 log
1
1
18.5 3. 53 10
3
2
80 103 47 10
6
1.0
3.3
14.1 dB
Then the compensator parameters are
14.1
10K
 1
V 
1
AC = − 20 ⋅ log
⋅
⋅ FB 
 G CAR S 2 πFC C O VO 
Figure 8. Bode plots for voltage loop design
10M
10 20
R7 =
= 16.9 k
0.3⋅ 10− 3
1
C5 =
= 0. 589 nF
3
2π ⋅ 16 ⋅ 10 ⋅ 16.9 ⋅ 10 3
1
1
1
1 .0 
C8 =
=15.7 pF
AC =the
− 20
⋅ log
⋅
Therefore,
procedure
of the voltage
loop design
for −6 ⋅
 = 15 . 9 dB2 π⋅ 600 ⋅ 103 ⋅ 16.9 ⋅ 10 3
−3
3
3 .3 
2 π ⋅ 80 ⋅ 10 ⋅ 22 ⋅ 10
 28 ⋅ 6 . 1 ⋅ 10
the SC4525C can be summarized as:
Select R7=16.9k, C5=0.68nF, and C8=22pF for the design.
15 . 9 gain, i.e. control to feedback transfer
(1) Plot the converter
10 20
function.
Compensator parameters for various typical applications
R7 =
= 22 . 3 k
−3
28 ⋅ 10
(2) Select the0 .open
loop crossover frequency, FC, between
are listed in Table 5. A MathCAD program is also available
1
10% and
frequency.
upon request for detailed calculation of the compensator
C 5 20%
= of the switching
= 0 . 45At
nF FC, find the
3
3
2 π ⋅ 16 ⋅ 10gain,
⋅ 22A. 1C. In
⋅ 10
required compensator
typical applications with
parameters.
ceramic output capacitors,
1 the ESR zero is neglected and
C 8 = compensator
= 12
the required
gain at F can
bepF
estimated by
2 π⋅ 600 ⋅ 10 3 ⋅ 22 . 1 ⋅ 10C 3
Thermal Considerations
 1
V 
1
(9)
AC = − 20 ⋅ log
⋅
⋅ FB 
R 2 πF C
VO 
 G CA
For the power transistor inside the SC4525C, the
GPWM
(1 +S s R ESR CC O )O
Vo
(3) Place =the compensator zero, FZ1,2 between
10% and
conduction loss PC, the switching loss PSW, and bootstrap
2
Vc (1 + s / ωp )(1 + s / ωn Q + s / ωn )
1
1
1 . 0 Ploss P = Pcan

20% ofAthe
crossover frequency, FC. ⋅
circuit
+ PBST + Pas
SWestimated
Q follows:
⋅
15 .BST,
9 dBC + Pbe
 =TOTAL
C = − 20 ⋅ log
−3
3
−6
3
.
3
⋅ 6 . 1 ⋅F10
2
π
⋅
80
⋅
10
⋅
22
⋅
10
(4) Use the compensator
,
to
cancel
the
ESR
zero,
 28 pole,

P1
FZ.
R
1
1
PQ = VIN ⋅ 2mA
G
≈
,
ωp ≈
,
ωZ =
, PC = D ⋅ VCESAT ⋅ IO
(5) Then,PWM
the parameters
of
the
compensation
network
GCA15⋅.9R S
RCO
R ESR C O
10 20by
can be calculated
1
R7 =
= 22 . 3 k
AC
PSW = ⋅ t S ⋅ VIN ⋅ I O ⋅ FSW
(10)
0 . 28
⋅ 10 −3
20
2
10
R7 =
1
C 5 = gm
= 0 . 45 nF
I
3
2 π ⋅ 16 ⋅ 10 ⋅ 22 . 1 ⋅ 10 3
PBST = D ⋅ VBST ⋅ O
1
40
C5 =
1
C 8 = 2 πFZ1 R 7 3
= 12pF
2 π⋅ 600 ⋅ 10 ⋅ 22 . 1 ⋅ 10 3
where PVBST=is(1the
voltage and tS is the equivalent
− DBST
) ⋅ Vsupply
D
D ⋅ IO
1
switching
time
of
the
NPN
transistor
(see Table 4).
C8 =
2 πFP1 R 7
Gis
(1 EA
+ sR
PWM
ESR C
where Vgom=0.3mA/V
the
gain
ofO )the SC4525C.
PIND = (1 .1 ~ 1 .3 ) ⋅ I2O ⋅ R DC
=
2
2
Vc (1 + s / ωp )(1 + s / ωn Q + s / ωn )
14
SC4525C
Table 4. Typical switching time
Input Voltage
12V
24V
28V
1A
12.5ns
22ns
25.3ns
Load Current
2A
3A
15.3ns
18ns
25ns
28ns
28ns
31ns
+ PBST +InPaddition,
the quiescent current loss is
Q
W
O
N
PCB Layout Considerations
Applications Information (Cont.)
PQ = VIN ⋅ 2mA
(11)
The total power loss of the SC4525C is therefore
⋅ I O ⋅ FSW
IO
40
⋅ IO
PTOTAL = PC + PSW + PBST + PQ
(12)
The temperature
rise⋅ of
= Vproduct
IN ⋅ 2 mA of the
PC = D ⋅ VCESAT
IO the SC4525C PisQthe
total power dissipation (Equation (12)) and qJA (36oC/W),
which is the thermal
impedance from junction to ambient
1
⋅ t S ⋅package.
VIN ⋅ I O ⋅ FSW
SW =
for thePSOIC-8
EDP
2
In a step-down switching regulator, the input bypass
capacitor, the main power switch and the freewheeling
diode carry pulse current (Figure 9). For jitter-free
operation, the size of the loop formed by these components
should be minimized. Since the power switch is already
integrated within the SC4525C, connecting the anode of
the freewheeling diode close to the negative terminal of
the input bypass capacitor minimizes size of the switched
current loop. The input bypass capacitor should be placed
close to the IN pin. Shortening the traces of the SW and
BST nodes reduces the parasitic trace inductance at these
nodes. This not only reduces EMI but also decreases
switching voltage spikes at these nodes.
The exposed pad should be soldered to a large ground
plane as the ground copper acts as a heat sink for the
device. To ensure proper adhesion to the ground plane,
avoid using vias directly under the device.
I
) ⋅ I2O ⋅ R DCIt is not recommended
PBST = D ⋅ VBST ⋅ O to operate the SC4525C above
40
125oC junction temperature.
V IN
PD = (1 − D) ⋅ VD ⋅ IO
PIND = (1 .1 ~ 1 .3 ) ⋅ I2O ⋅ R DC
VOUT
ZL
Figure 9. Heavy lines indicate the critical pulse
current loop. The stray inductance of this
loop should be minimized.
15
SC4525C
Recommended Component Parameters in Typical Applications
Table 5 lists the recommended inductance (L1) and compensation network (R7, C5, C8) for common input and output
voltages. The inductance is determined by assuming that the ripple current is 35% of load current IO. The compensator
parameters are calculated by assuming a 47mF low ESR ceramic output capacitor and a loop gain crossover frequency
of FSW/10.
Table 5. Recommended inductance (L1) and compensator (R7, C5, C8)
Vin(V)
Typical Applications
Vo(V)
Io(A)
Fsw(kHz)
1.5
2.5
12
3.3
5
3
7.5
10
1.5
2.5
3.3
24
5
7.5
10
3
500
500
1000
500
1000
500
1000
500
1000
500
300
500
500
1000
500
1000
500
1000
500
C2(uF)
47
47
L1(uH)
3.3
4.7
2.2
6.8
3.3
6.8
3.3
6.8
3.3
3.3
6.8
6.8
6.8
3.3
8.2
4.7
10
4.7
15
Recommended Parameters
R7(k)
C5(nF)
C8(pF)
5.23
8.45
15.4
12.1
20.5
15.4
36.5
22.6
47.5
36.5
3.57
6.49
12.1
22.6
15.4
30.9
26.1
52.3
30.9
3.9
3.9
0.82
3.9
0.82
3.9
0.82
3.9
0.82
3.9
3.9
3.9
3.9
0.82
3.9
0.82
3.9
0.82
3.9
Snubber
no
22
1ȍ+220pF
no
16
SC4525C
Typical Application Schematics
V
IN
D1 1N 4148
D3
24V
18 V Zener
C4
4.7mF
C1
0. 33 mF
L1
BST
IN
SW
6.8 mH
SC 4525C
SS/ EN
OUT
R4
33.2k
1.5V/3A
FB
COMP
C7
22 pF
GND
D2
B 330A
R5
69.8k
R7
3. 57k
C8
22 nF
ROSC
R6
66.5k
C2
47mF
C5
3.9 nF
L1 : Coiltronics DR74- 6R8
C2 : Murata GRM 31 CR60J 476 M
C4 : Murata GRM 32 ER71H 475 K
Figure 10. 300kHz 24V to 1.5V/3A Step-down Converter
V
IN
D1
10V – 26V
C4
4.7m F
C1
0.33 m F
BST
IN
1 N 4148
L1
OUT
SW
3.3 mH
Fig10 : 300 kHz24 V to1.5V/3
A Step
-3.3V/3 A Down Conv
R4
SC 4525C
SS/ EN
R0
1
33.2k
FB
COMP
C7
22nF
C8
22 pF
L1 :
ROSC
R7
22.6 k
GND
R5
15.8 k
C5
0.82 nF
Coiltronics DR74 - 3R3
C0
D2
B330A
R6
14.3 k
C2
47mF
220pF
C2 :
Murata GRM 31 CR60J 476M
C4 :
Murata GRM 32 ER71H 475K
Figure 11. 1MHz 10V-26V to 3.3V/3A Step-down Converter
17
SC4525C
SS
Typical Performance Characteristics
(For A 12V to 5V/3A Step-down Converter with 1MHz Switching Frequency)
SS270 REV 6-7
Load Characteristic
6
Output Voltage (V)
5
12V Input (5V/DIV)
4
3
5V Output (2V/DIV)
2
1
SS Voltage (1V/DIV)
0
0
0.5
1
1.5
2
2.5
3
3.5
4
4.5
Load Current (A)
Figure 12(a). Load Characteristic
OCP
10ms/DIV
Figure 12(b). VIN Start up Transient (IO=3A)
5V Output Short (5V/DIV)
5V Output Response (500mV/DIV, AC Coupling)
Inductor Current (1A/DIV)
Retry Inductor Current (2A/DIV)
SS Voltage (2V/DIV)
40us/DIV
Figure 12(c). Load Transient Response
(IO= 0.3A to 3A)
20ms/DIV
Figure 12(d). Output Short Circuit (Hiccup)
18
SC4525C
Outline Drawing - SOIC-8 EDP
A
D
e
N
2X E/2
E1 E
1
2
ccc C
2X N/2 TIPS
e/2
B
D
aaa C
SEATING
PLANE
A2 A
C
bxN
bbb
A1
DIMENSIONS
INCHES
MILLIMETERS
DIM
MIN NOM MAX MIN NOM MAX
A
A1
A2
b
c
D
E1
E
e
F
H
h
L
L1
N
01
aaa
bbb
ccc
.069
.005
.065
.020
.010
.193 .197
.154 .157
.236 BSC
.050 BSC
.116 .120 .130
.085 .095 .099
.010
.020
.016 .028 .041
(.041)
8
0°
8°
.004
.010
.008
.053
.000
.049
.012
.007
.189
.150
C A-B D
1.75
0.13
1.65
0.51
0.25
4.90 5.00
3.90 4.00
6.00 BSC
1.27 BSC
2.95 3.05 3.30
2.15 2.41 2.51
0.25
0.50
0.40 0.72 1.04
(1.05)
8
0°
8°
0.10
0.25
0.20
1.35
0.00
1.25
0.31
0.17
4.80
3.80
h
F
EXPOSED PAD
h
H
H
c
GAGE
PLANE
0.25
L
(L1)
SEE DETAIL
SIDE VIEW
A
DETAIL
01
A
NOTES:
1.
CONTROLLING DIMENSIONS ARE IN MILLIMETERS (ANGLES IN DEGREES).
2.
DATUMS -A- AND -B- TO BE DETERMINED AT DATUM PLANE
3.
DIMENSIONS "E1" AND "D" DO NOT INCLUDE MOLD FLASH, PROTRUSIONS
OR GATE BURRS.
REFERENCE JEDEC STD MS -012, VARIATION BA.
4.
-H-
19
SC4525C
Land Pattern - SOIC-8 EDP
E
SOLDER MASK
D
DIMENSIONS
DIM
(C)
F
G
Z
Y
THERMAL VIA
Ø 0.36mm
P
X
C
D
E
F
G
P
X
Y
Z
INCHES
(.205)
.134
.201
.101
.118
.050
.024
.087
.291
MILLIMETERS
(5.20)
3.40
5.10
2.56
3.00
1.27
0.60
2.20
7.40
NOTES:
1.
THIS LAND PATTERN IS FOR REFERENCE PURPOSES ONLY.
CONSULT YOUR MANUFACTURING GROUP TO ENSURE YOUR
COMPANY'S MANUFACTURING GUIDELINES ARE MET.
2.
REFERENCE IPC-SM-782A, RLP NO. 300A.
3.
THERMAL VIAS IN THE LAND PATTERN OF THE EXPOSED PAD
SHALL BE CONNECTED TO A SYSTEM GROUND PLANE.
FAILURE TO DO SO MAY COMPROMISE THE THERMAL AND/OR
FUNCTIONAL PERFORMANCE OF THE DEVICE.
20
SC4525C
© Semtech 2011
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Power Mangement Products Division
200 Flynn Road, Camarillo, CA 93012
Phone: (805) 498-2111 Fax: (805) 498-3804
21