LPV321,LPV324,LPV358 LPV321 Single/LPV358 Dual/LPV324 Quad General Purpose, Low Voltage, Low Power, Rail-to-Rail Output Operational Amplifiers Literature Number: SNOS413C LPV321 Single/LPV358 Dual/LPV324 Quad General Purpose, Low Voltage, Low Power, Rail-to-Rail Output Operational Amplifiers General Description Features The LPV321/358/324 are low power (9 µA per channel at 5.0V) versions of the LMV321/358/324 op amps. This is another addition to the LMV321/358/324 family of commodity op amps. The LPV321/358/324 are the most cost effective solutions for the applications where low voltage, low power operation, space saving and low price are needed. The LPV321/358/ 324 have rail-to-rail output swing capability and the input common-mode voltage range includes ground. They all exhibit excellent speed-power ratio, achieving 5 kHz of bandwidth with a supply current of only 9 µA. The LPV321 is available in space saving 5-Pin SC70, which is approximately half the size of 5-Pin SOT23. The small package saves space on PC boards, and enables the design of small portable electronic devices. It also allows the designer to place the device closer to the signal source to reduce noise pickup and increase signal integrity. The chips are built with National’s advanced submicron silicon-gate BiCMOS process. The LPV321/358/324 have bipolar input and output stages for improved noise performance and higher output current drive. (For V+ = 5V and V− = 0V, typical unless otherwise noted) j Guaranteed 2.7V and 5V performance j No crossover distortion j Space saving package j Industrial temperature range 5-Pin SC70 2.0x2.1x1.0 mm −40˚C to +85˚C j Gain-bandwidth product 152 kHz j Low supply current LPV321 9 µA LPV358 15 µA LPV324 28 µA j Rail-to-rail output swing V+−3.5 mV @ 100 kΩ Load V−+90 mV −0.2V to V+−0.8V j VCM Applications n Active filters n General purpose low voltage applications n General purpose portable devices Connection Diagrams 5-Pin SC70/SOT23 8-Pin SOIC/MSOP 10092001 14-Pin SOIC/TSSOP 10092002 Top View Top View 10092003 Top View © 2006 National Semiconductor Corporation DS100920 www.national.com LPV321 Single/LPV358 Dual/LPV324 Quad General Purpose, Low Voltage, Low Power, Rail-to-Rail Output Operational Amplifiers October 2006 LPV321 Single/LPV358 Dual/LPV324 Quad Absolute Maximum Ratings (Note 1) Infrared or Convection (20 sec) Storage Temperature Range If Military/Aerospace specified devices are required, please contact the National Semiconductor Sales Office/ Distributors for availability and specifications. −65˚C to 150˚C Junction Temp. (TJ, max) (Note 5) ESD Tolerance (Note 2) 150˚C Operating Ratings (Note 1) Human Body Model LPV324 2000V Supply Voltage LPV358 1500V Temperature Range 1500V Thermal Resistance (θJA)(Note 10) LPV321 Machine Model 100V ± Supply Voltage Differential Input Voltage + 235˚C − Supply Voltage (V –V ) 5.5V 2.7V to 5V −40˚C to +85˚C 5-Pin SC70 478˚C/W 5-Pin SOT23 265˚C/W 8-Pin SOIC 190˚C/W 235˚C/W Output Short Circuit to V + (Note 3) 8-Pin MSOP Output Short Circuit to V − (Note 4) 14-Pin SOIC 145˚C/W 14-Pin TSSOP 155˚C/W Soldering Information 2.7V DC Electrical Characteristics Unless otherwise specified, all limits guaranteed for TJ = 25˚C, V+ = 2.7V, V− = 0V, VCM = 1.0V, VO = V+/2 and R Symbol Parameter VOS Input Offset Voltage TCVOS Input Offset Voltage Average Drift Conditions Min (Note 7) L > 1 MΩ. Typ (Note 6) Max (Note 7) Units 1.2 7 mV 2 µV/˚C IB Input Bias Current 1.7 50 nA IOS Input Offset Current 0.6 40 nA CMRR Common Mode Rejection Ratio 0V ≤ VCM ≤ 1.7V 50 70 dB PSRR Power Supply Rejection Ratio 2.7V ≤ V+ ≤ 5V VO = 1V, VCM = 1V 50 65 dB VCM Input Common-Mode Voltage Range For CMRR ≥ 50 dB 0 −0.2 Output Swing RL = 100 kΩ to 1.35V VO IS Supply Current 1.9 V+ −100 V 1.7 V+ −3 mV 80 180 mV LPV321 4 8 µA LPV358 Both Amplifiers 8 16 µA LPV324 All Four Amplifiers 16 24 µA 2.7V AC Electrical Characteristics Unless otherwise specified, all limits guaranteed for TJ = 25˚C, V+ = 2.7V, V− = 0V, VCM = 1.0V, VO = V+/2 and R Symbol Parameter GBWP Gain-Bandwidth Product Conditions CL = 22 pF Min (Note 7) Typ (Note 6) L Max (Note 7) > 1 MΩ. Units 112 kHz Φm Phase Margin 97 Deg Gm Gain Margin 35 dB en Input-Referred Voltage Noise f = 1 kHz 178 in Input-Referred Current Noise f = 1 kHz 0.50 www.national.com 2 Unless otherwise specified, all limits guaranteed for TJ = 25˚C, V+ = 5V, V− = 0V, VCM = 2.0V, VO = V+/2 and R Boldface limits apply at the temperature extremes. Symbol Parameter Conditions Min (Note 7) L > 1 MΩ. Typ (Note 6) Max (Note 7) 1.5 7 10 Units VOS Input Offset Voltage TCVOS Input Offset Voltage Average Drift 2 IB Input Bias Current 2 50 60 nA IOS Input Offset Current 0.6 40 50 nA CMRR Common Mode Rejection Ratio 0V ≤ VCM ≤ 4V 50 71 dB PSRR Power Supply Rejection Ratio 2.7V ≤ V+ ≤ 5V VO = 1V, VCM = 1V 50 65 dB VCM Input Common-Mode Voltage Range For CMRR ≥ 50 dB 0 −0.2 AV Large Signal Voltage Gain (Note 8) RL = 100 kΩ VO Output Swing RL = 100 kΩ to 2.5V 4.2 15 10 100 V+ −100 V+ −200 V+ −3.5 90 IO IS Output Short Circuit Current Sourcing LPV324, LPV358, and LPV321 VO = 0V 2 16 Output Short Circuit Current Sinking LPV321 VO = 5V 20 60 LPV324 and LPV358 VO = 5V 11 16 Supply Current mV µV/˚C V 4 V/mV mV 180 220 mA mA mA LPV321 9 12 15 µA LPV358 Both amplifiers 15 20 24 µA LPV324 All four amplifiers 28 42 46 µA 5V AC Electrical Characteristics Unless otherwise specified, all limits guaranteed for TJ = 25˚C, V+ = 5V, V− = 0V, VCM = 2.0V, VO = V+/2 and R Boldface limits apply at the temperature extremes. Symbol Parameter Conditions Min (Note 7) Typ (Note 6) L > 1MΩ. Min (Note 7) Units SR Slew Rate (Note 9) 0.1 GBWP Gain-Bandwidth Product CL = 22 pF 152 kHz Φm Phase Margin 87 Deg Gm Gain Margin 19 dB en Input-Referred Voltage Noise f = 1 kHz, 146 in Input-Referred Current Noise f = 1 kHz 0.30 3 V/µs www.national.com LPV321 Single/LPV358 Dual/LPV324 Quad 5V DC Electrical Characteristics LPV321 Single/LPV358 Dual/LPV324 Quad 5V AC Electrical Characteristics (Continued) Note 1: Absolute Maximum Ratings indicate limits beyond which damage to the device may occur. Operating Ratings indicate conditions for which the device is intended to be functional, but specific performance is not guaranteed. For guaranteed specifications and the test conditions, see the Electrical Characteristics. Note 2: Human Body Model, applicable std. MIL-STD-883, Method 3015.7. Machine Model, applicable std. JESD22-A115-A (ESD MM std. of JEDEC) Field-Induced Charge-Device Model, applicable std. JESD22-C101-C (ESD FICDM std. of JEDEC). Note 3: Shorting output to V+ will adversely affect reliability. Note 4: Shorting output to V− will adversely affect reliability. Note 5: The maximum power dissipation is a function of TJ(MAX), θJA. The maximum allowable power dissipation at any ambient temperature is PD = (TJ(MAX) – TA)/ θJA. All numbers apply for packages soldered directly onto a PC Board. Note 6: Typical values represent the most likely parametric norm as determined at the time of characterization. Actual typical values may vary over time and will also depend on the application and configuration. The typical values are not tested and are not guaranteed on shipped production material. Note 7: All limits are guaranteed by testing or statistical analysis. Note 8: RL is connected to V -. The output voltage is 0.5V ≤ VO ≤ 4.5V. Note 9: Connected as voltage follower with 3V step input. Number specified is the slower of the positive and negative slew rates. Note 10: All numbers are typical, and apply for packages soldered directly onto a PC board in still air. Ordering Information Temperature Range Package Industrial Packaging Marking Transport Media LPV321M7 A19 1k Units Tape and Reel LPV321M7X A19 3k Units Tape and Reel NSC Drawing −40˚C to +85˚C 5-Pin SC70 5-Pin SOT23 8-Pin SOIC 8-Pin MSOP 14-Pin SOIC 14-Pin TSSOP www.national.com LPV321M5 A27A 1k Units Tape and Reel LPV321M5X A27A 3k Units Tape and Reel LPV358M LPV358M Rails LPV358MX LPV358M 2.5k Units Tape and Reel LPV358MM P358 1k Units Tape and Reel LPV358MMX P358 3.5k Units Tape and Reel LPV324M LPV324M Rails LPV324MX LPV324M 2.5k Units Tape and Reel LPV324MT LPV324MT Rails LPV324MTX LPV324MT 2.5k Units Tape and Reel 4 MAA05A MF05A M08A MUA08A M14A MTC14 Unless otherwise specified, VS = +5V, single supply, Supply Current vs. Supply Voltage (LPV321) Input Current vs. Temperature 100920B5 100920B4 Sourcing Current vs. Output Voltage Sourcing Current vs. Output Voltage 10092041 10092042 Sinking Current vs. Output Voltage Sinking Current vs. Output Voltage 10092043 10092044 5 www.national.com LPV321 Single/LPV358 Dual/LPV324 Quad Typical Performance Characteristics TA = 25˚C. LPV321 Single/LPV358 Dual/LPV324 Quad Typical Performance Characteristics Unless otherwise specified, VS = +5V, single supply, TA = 25˚C. (Continued) Input Voltage Noise vs. Frequency Output Voltage Swing vs. Supply Voltage 10092056 100920B6 Input Current Noise vs Frequency Input Current Noise vs Frequency 10092068 10092070 Crosstalk Rejection vs. Frequency PSRR vs. Frequency 10092073 www.national.com 10092072 6 CMRR vs. Frequency CMRR vs. Input Common Mode Voltage 10092064 10092063 ∆VOS vs. VCM CMRR vs. Input Common Mode Voltage 10092065 10092045 ∆VOS vs. VCM Input Voltage vs. Output Voltage 10092069 10092046 7 www.national.com LPV321 Single/LPV358 Dual/LPV324 Quad Typical Performance Characteristics Unless otherwise specified, VS = +5V, single supply, TA = 25˚C. (Continued) LPV321 Single/LPV358 Dual/LPV324 Quad Typical Performance Characteristics Unless otherwise specified, VS = +5V, single supply, TA = 25˚C. (Continued) Input Voltage vs. Output Voltage Open Loop Frequency Response 10092071 10092052 Open Loop Frequency Response Gain and Phase vs. Capacitive Load 10092051 10092054 Gain and Phase vs. Capacitive Load Slew Rate vs. Supply Voltage 10092053 www.national.com 10092055 8 Non-Inverting Large Signal Pulse Response Non-Inverting Small Signal Pulse Response 10092050 10092049 Inverting Large Signal Pulse Response Inverting Small Signal Pulse Response 10092047 10092048 Stability vs. Capacitive Load Stability vs. Capacitive Load 10092061 10092060 9 www.national.com LPV321 Single/LPV358 Dual/LPV324 Quad Typical Performance Characteristics Unless otherwise specified, VS = +5V, single supply, TA = 25˚C. (Continued) LPV321 Single/LPV358 Dual/LPV324 Quad Typical Performance Characteristics Unless otherwise specified, VS = +5V, single supply, TA = 25˚C. (Continued) Stability vs. Capacitive Load Stability vs. Capacitive Load 10092059 10092058 THD vs. Frequency Open Loop Output Impedance vs Frequency 10092074 10092062 Short Circuit Current vs. Temperature (Sinking) Short Circuit Current vs. Temperature (Sourcing) 100920B8 100920B7 www.national.com 10 BENEFITS OF THE LPV321/358/324 Size The small footprints of the LPV321/358/324 packages save space on printed circuit boards, and enable the design of smaller electronic products, such as cellular phones, pagers, or other portable systems. The low profile of the LPV321/ 358/324 make them possible to use in PCMCIA type III cards. 10092004 FIGURE 1. Indirectly Driving A Capacitive Load Using Resistive Isolation Signal Integrity Signals can pick up noise between the signal source and the amplifier. By using a physically smaller amplifier package, the LPV321/358/324 can be placed closer to the signal source, reducing noise pickup and increasing signal integrity. In Figure 1, the isolation resistor RISO and the load capacitor CL form a pole to increase stability by adding more phase margin to the overall system. The desired performance depends on the value of RISO. The bigger the RISO resistor value, the more stable VOUT will be. Figure 2 is an output waveform of Figure 1 using 100 kΩ for RISO and 1000 pF for C L. Simplified Board Layout These products help you to avoid using long pc traces in your pc board layout. This means that no additional components, such as capacitors and resistors, are needed to filter out the unwanted signals due to the interference between the long pc traces. Low Supply Current These devices will help you to maximize battery life. They are ideal for battery powered systems. Low Supply Voltage National provides guaranteed performance at 2.7V and 5V. These guarantees ensure operation throughout the battery lifetime. Rail-to-Rail Output Rail-to-rail output swing provides maximum possible dynamic range at the output. This is particularly important when operating on low supply voltages. 10092075 FIGURE 2. Pulse Response of the LPV324 Circuit in Figure 1 Input Includes Ground Allows direct sensing near GND in single supply operation. The differential input voltage may be larger than V+ without damaging the device. Protection should be provided to prevent the input voltages from going negative more than −0.3V (at 25˚C). An input clamp diode with a resistor to the IC input terminal can be used. The circuit in Figure 3 is an improvement to the one in Figure 1 because it provides DC accuracy as well as AC stability. If there were a load resistor in Figure 1, the output would be voltage divided by RISO and the load resistor. Instead, in Figure 3, RF provides the DC accuracy by using feedforward techniques to connect VIN to RL. Caution is needed in choosing the value of RF due to the input bias current of the LPV321/358/324. CF and RISO serve to counteract the loss of phase margin by feeding the high frequency component of the output signal back to the amplifier’s inverting input, thereby preserving phase margin in the overall feedback loop. Increased capacitive drive is possible by increasing the value of CF. This in turn will slow down the pulse response. CAPACITIVE LOAD TOLERANCE The LPV321/358/324 can directly drive 200 pF in unity-gain without oscillation. The unity-gain follower is the most sensitive configuration to capacitive loading. Direct capacitive loading reduces the phase margin of amplifiers. The combination of the amplifier’s output impedance and the capacitive load induces phase lag. This results in either an underdamped pulse response or oscillation. To drive a heavier capacitive load, circuit in Figure 1 can be used. 11 www.national.com LPV321 Single/LPV358 Dual/LPV324 Quad Application Information LPV321 Single/LPV358 Dual/LPV324 Quad Application Information (Continued) 10092007 10092005 FIGURE 3. Indirectly Driving A Capacitive Load with DC Accuracy INPUT BIAS CURRENT CANCELLATION The LPV321/358/324 family has a bipolar input stage. The typical input bias current of LPV321/358/324 is 1.5 nA with 5V supply. Thus a 100 kΩ input resistor will cause 0.15 mV of error voltage. By balancing the resistor values at both inverting and non-inverting inputs, the error caused by the amplifier’s input bias current will be reduced. The circuit in Figure 4 shows how to cancel the error caused by input bias current. FIGURE 5. Difference Amplifier Instrumentation Circuits The input impedance of the previous difference amplifier is set by the resistor R1, R2, R3, and R4. To eliminate the problems of low input impedance, one way is to use a voltage follower ahead of each input as shown in the following two instrumentation amplifiers. Three-op-amp Instrumentation Amplifier The quad LPV324 can be used to build a three-op-amp instrumentation amplifier as shown in Figure 6 10092006 FIGURE 4. Cancelling the Error Caused by Input Bias Current TYPICAL SINGLE-SUPPLY APPLICATION CIRCUITS Difference Amplifier The difference amplifier allows the subtraction of two voltages or, as a special case, the cancellation of a signal common to two inputs. It is useful as a computational amplifier, in making a differential to single-ended conversion or in rejecting a common mode signal. www.national.com 10092085 FIGURE 6. Three-op-amp Instrumentation Amplifier The first stage of this instrumentation amplifier is a differential-input, differential-output amplifier, with two voltage followers. These two voltage followers assure that the input impedance is over 100 MΩ. The gain of this instrumentation amplifier is set by the ratio of R2/R1. R3 should equal R1 and R4 equal R2. Matching of R3 to R1 and R4 to R2 affects the CMRR. For good CMRR over temperature, low drift resistors should be used. Making R4 Slightly smaller than R 2 and adding a trim pot equal to twice the difference between R 2 and R4 will allow the CMRR to be adjusted for optimum. 12 ACTIVE FILTER (Continued) Two-op-amp Instrumentation Amplifier Simple Low-Pass Active Filter A two-op-amp instrumentation amplifier can also be used to make a high-input-impedance DC differential amplifier (Figure 7). As in the three-op-amp circuit, this instrumentation amplifier requires precise resistor matching for good CMRR. R4 should equal to R1 and R3 should equal R2. The simple low-pass filter is shown in Figure 9. Its lowfrequency gain(ω → o) is defined by −R3/R1. This allows low-frequency gains other than unity to be obtained. The filter has a −20 dB/decade roll-off after its corner frequency fc. R2 should be chosen equal to the parallel combination of R1 and R3 to minimize errors due to bais current. The frequency response of the filter is shown in Figure 10 10092011 10092014 FIGURE 7. Two-op-amp Instrumentation Amplifier Single-Supply Inverting Amplifier There may be cases where the input signal going into the amplifier is negative. Because the amplifier is operating in single supply voltage, a voltage divider using R3 and R4 is implemented to bias the amplifier so the input signal is within the input common-common voltage range of the amplifier. The capacitor C1 is placed between the inverting input and resistor R1 to block the DC signal going into the AC signal source, VIN. The values of R1 and C1 affect the cutoff frequency, fc = 1/2π R 1C1. As a result, the output signal is centered around mid-supply (if the voltage divider provides V+/2 at the non-inverting input). The output can swing to both rails, maximizing the signal-to-noise ratio in a low voltage system. FIGURE 9. Simple Low-Pass Active Filter 10092015 FIGURE 10. Frequency Response of Simple Low-pass Active Filter in Figure 9 Note that the single-op-amp active filters are used in to the applications that require low quality factor, Q (≤ 10), low frequency (≤ 5 kHz), and low gain (≤ 10), or a small value for the product of gain times Q (≤ 100). The op amp should have an open loop voltage gain at the highest frequency of interest at least 50 times larger than the gain of the filter at this frequency. In addition, the selected op amp should have a slew rate that meets the following requirement: Slew Rate ≥ 0.5 x (ωHV OPP) X 10−6V/µsec Where ωH is the highest frequency of interest, and VOPP is the output peak-to-peak voltage. 10092013 FIGURE 8. Single-Supply Inverting Amplifier 13 www.national.com LPV321 Single/LPV358 Dual/LPV324 Quad Application Information LPV321 Single/LPV358 Dual/LPV324 Quad SC70-5 Tape and Reel Specification 100920B3 SOT-23-5 Tape and Reel Specification TAPE FORMAT www.national.com Tape Section # Cavities Cavity Status Cover Tape Status Leader 0 (min) Empty Sealed (Start End) 75 (min) Empty Sealed Carrier 3000 Filled Sealed 250 Filled Sealed Trailer 125 (min) Empty Sealed (Hub End) 0 (min) Empty Sealed 14 LPV321 Single/LPV358 Dual/LPV324 Quad SOT-23-5 Tape and Reel Specification (Continued) TAPE DIMENSIONS 100920B1 8 mm Tape Size 0.130 0.124 0.130 0.126 0.138 ± 0.002 0.055 ± 0.004 0.157 0.315 ± 0.012 (3.3) (3.15) (3.3) (3.2) (3.5 ± 0.05) (1.4 ± 0.11) (4) (8 ± 0.3) DIM A DIM Ao DIM B DIM Bo DIM F DIM Ko DIM P1 DIM W 15 www.national.com LPV321 Single/LPV358 Dual/LPV324 Quad SOT-23-5 Tape and Reel Specification (Continued) REEL DIMENSIONS 100920B2 8 mm Tape Size www.national.com 7.00 0.059 0.512 0.795 2.165 330.00 1.50 A B 13.00 20.20 55.00 C D N 16 0.331 + 0.059/−0.000 0.567 W1+ 0.078/−0.039 8.40 + 1.50/−0.00 14.40 W1 + 2.00/−1.00 W1 W2 W3 LPV321 Single/LPV358 Dual/LPV324 Quad Physical Dimensions Physical Dimensions inches (millimeters) unless otherwise noted 5-Pin SC70 NS Package Number MAA05A 5-Pin SOT23 NS Package Number MF05A 17 www.national.com LPV321 Single/LPV358 Dual/LPV324 Quad Physical Dimensions inches (millimeters) unless otherwise noted (Continued) 8-Pin SOIC NS Package Number M08A 8-Pin MSOP NS Package Number MUA08A www.national.com 18 LPV321 Single/LPV358 Dual/LPV324 Quad Physical Dimensions inches (millimeters) unless otherwise noted (Continued) 14-Pin SOIC NS Package Number M14A 14-Pin TSSOP NS Package Number MTC14 19 www.national.com LPV321 Single/LPV358 Dual/LPV324 Quad General Purpose, Low Voltage, Low Power, Rail-to-Rail Output Operational Amplifiers Notes National does not assume any responsibility for use of any circuitry described, no circuit patent licenses are implied and National reserves the right at any time without notice to change said circuitry and specifications. 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