PRELIMINARY CM9140 Four Output Driver for White LEDs Features Product Description • • • The CM9140 is an adaptive fractional switched capacitor (charge pump) regulator optimized for driving four white LEDs. Each LED's driver current is matched to within 2% for uniform intensity. It supports an input voltage range of 2.9V to 6V, with undervoltage lockout. A failure detection circuit prevents the loss of power when one or more LEDs fail (short or open). Internal over-temperature and over-current management provide short circuit protection. • • • • • • • • • • • • • 2.9V to 6V input voltage range Powers display backlight and/or flash WLED Low external parts count, requires no inductor and ballast resistors Low EMI and reflected ripple Adaptive charge pump ratio (1x or 1.5x) maximizes efficiency at both high and low input voltage Precision regulation for each output with 2% current matching at 20mA Programmable LED current via ISET pin Typical 500 KHz fixed switching frequency Supports up to 300mA, drives four LEDs regulated to 50mA each Analog and PWM intensity control Less than 10µA shutdown current Over-current and over-temperature protection Undervoltage lockout Soft-start limits start-up inrush current 16 lead TQFN package Optional RoHS compliant lead free package The CM9140 regulates up to 300mA of output current to drive WLEDs, allowing up to 50mA per LED channel. The maximum LED current is programmed with an external resistor. The EN input allows for Analog and PWM brightness control. The CM9140 can also be used for a camera flash. In full shutdown mode, the CM9140 draws only 10µA. The CM9140 automatically selects the most efficient charge pump ratio based on the operating voltage requirement of the white LEDs. The proprietary design architecture maintains high efficiency (> 80%), and at low VIN provides longer battery life. With a high VIN, or when the adapter is powered, it provides cool reliable operation. Applications • • • • Drives white LEDs for STN/TFT Color LCD backlighting Cell phones, PDAs Digital Still Cameras Flash for DSC The CM9140 is available in a compact, 16-lead TQFNpackage. It can operate over the industrial temperature range of -40°C to 85°C. Typical Application 1.0uF 1.0uF C1P C1N 2.9V to 6.0V off C2N VOUT VIN 1uF Enable on C2P 1uF PhotonICTMLED1 CM9140 EN ISET RSET LED2 LED3 GND LED4 © 2006 California Micro Devices Corp. All rights reserved. 04/26/06 490 N. McCarthy Blvd., Milpitas, CA 95035-5112 l Tel: 408.263.3214 l Fax: 408.263.7846 l www.cmd.com 1 PRELIMINARY CM9140 Package Pinout PACKAGE / PINOUT DIAGRAM 7 NC 8 C2N 11 C1N 14 13 12 LED4 C2P 1 LED3 2 LED1 10 GND 15 C1P 9 EN TQFN16 4X4 16 3 LED2 4 VIN VOUT ISET 6 NC 5 NC Bottom View 16-Lead TQFN Package (4mm x 4mm) Note: This drawing is not to scale. Ordering Information PART NUMBERING INFORMATION Lead-free Finish Leads Package Ordering Part Number1 16 TQFN CM9140-01QE Part Marking Note 1: Parts are shipped in Tape & Reel form unless otherwise specified. Specifications ABSOLUTE MAXIMUM RATINGS PARAMETER RATING UNITS ±2 kV [GND - 0.3] to +6.0 [GND - 0.3] to +7.0 [GND - 0.3] to +5.0 [GND - 0.3] to +5.0 V V V Storage Temperature Range -65 to +150 °C Operating Temperature Range -40 to +85 °C 300 °C ESD Protection (HBM) Pin Voltages VIN to GND VOUT to GND ISET, EN to GND All other pins to GND Lead Temperature (Soldering, 10s) © 2006 California Micro Devices Corp. All rights reserved. 2 490 N. McCarthy Blvd., Milpitas, CA 95035-5112 l Tel: 408.263.3214 l Fax: 408.263.7846 l www.cmd.com 04/26/06 PRELIMINARY CM9140 Specifications (cont’d) ELECTRICAL OPERATING CHARACTERISTICS VIN = 3.6V; All outputs are on. Typical values are at TA = 25°C. SYMBOL PARAMETER CONDITIONS MIN 1.7 VIN Supply Voltage Range VUVLO Undervoltage Lockout All outputs are no load. IQ Quiescent Current 1x mode ISD Shutdown Supply Current VEN < 0.4V MAX 6.0 UNIT S V 1.8 1.9 V 2.9 VOUT Charge Pump Output Voltage VOUT ILED TOT TYP 2 4.2 IOUT = 0mA to 120mA, VIN = 3.0 to 5.5V Σ ILED1 thru ILED4+photoflash Total ILED Current μA 500 10 μA 5.5 V 300 mA ILED Accuracy of ISET VIN = 3.0V to 5.5V 1 Matching current between LED1 to LED4 ILED per driver VIN = 4.0V, ILED 1,2,3,4 = 20mA 2 EN, ISET VIH High Level Input Voltage VIL Low Level Input Voltage Device total ILED < 200mA % 5 % 50 mA 1.8 0.4 Protection Over-current Limit Over-temperature Limit Over-temperature Hysteresis 400 135 15 mA °C °C © 2006 California Micro Devices Corp. All rights reserved. 04/26/06 490 N. McCarthy Blvd., Milpitas, CA 95035-5112 l Tel: 408.263.3214 l Fax: 408.263.7846 l www.cmd.com 3 PRELIMINARY CM9140 Typical Performance Curves Charge Pump Efficiency Source Current Vled=3.2V 90 80 Iout=120mA Iout=30mA 70 Iout=60mA 60 3.0 Vled=3.2V 200 Input Current (mA) Efficiency (%) 100 3.5 4.0 4.5 5.0 5.5 175 150 Iout=120mA 125 100 75 Iout=60mA 50 Iout=30mA 25 3.0 6.0 3.5 Input Voltage (V) 4.0 4.5 5.0 5.5 Input Voltage (V) Typical Waveforms Typical Waveforms Cin=C2=C3=Cout=1uF, Iout=120mA Cin=C2=C3=Cout=1uF, Iout=120mA 100 mV/ div Vout 20mA/ div Iin 50mV/ div Vin 1.0x mode 6.0 100 mV/ div Vout 20mA/ div Iin 50mV/ div Vin 1us/div 1.5x mode 1us/div LED Current vs. Vin Startup Cin=C2=C3=Cout=1uF, Iout=120mA ENB 200mA/ div Iin 2V/ div Vout LED Current (mA) 2V/ div 25 20 15 10 5 3.0 .5ms/div 3.5 4.0 4.5 5.0 5.5 6.0 Input Voltage (V) © 2006 California Micro Devices Corp. All rights reserved. 4 490 N. McCarthy Blvd., Milpitas, CA 95035-5112 l Tel: 408.263.3214 l Fax: 408.263.7846 l www.cmd.com 04/26/06 PRELIMINARY CM9140 Functional Block Diagram C1P C1N C2P C2N Charge Pump x1, x1.5 VIN OSC 500 kHz UVLO VOUT Bandgap LED1 ISET LED2 Mode Select Current Sinks LED3 LED4 Failed LED Condition GND CM9140 EN Pin Descriptions PIN DESCRIPTIONS LEAD(s) NAME DESCRIPTION 1 LED1 Cathode of LED1 pin. 2 C1P This pin is the plus side of charge pump bucket capacitor C1. Connect a 1.0μF ceramic capacitor with a voltage rating of 10V or greater between C1N and C1P. 3 VIN Positive supply voltage input pin. This voltage should be between 2.9V and 6V. This pin requires a 1.0μF or larger ceramic capacitor to ground. Enable pin and Current set pin for drivers, active low. To set the LED current, a resistor, RSET, is connected between this pin and ground. The regulated LED current is 1000x the current flowing in RSET, and is 4 ISET approximately: 0.66V – ( LogicLow ) I LED = ----------------------------------------------------- × 1000 R SET If this resistor is tied to directly ground (and enable function not used) Logic Low = 0, otherwise subtract the voltage drop of the device that drives this pin low. © 2006 California Micro Devices Corp. All rights reserved. 04/26/06 490 N. McCarthy Blvd., Milpitas, CA 95035-5112 l Tel: 408.263.3214 l Fax: 408.263.7846 l www.cmd.com 5 PRELIMINARY CM9140 Pin Descriptions (cont’d) PIN DESCRIPTIONS 5 NC 6 NC 7 NC 8 C2N 9 EN 10 GND Ground terminal pin. 11 C1N This pin is the minus side of charge pump bucket capacitor C1. Connect a 1.0μF ceramic capacitor between C1N and C1P. 12 LED4 Cathode of LED4 pin. 13 C2P This pin is the plus side of charge pump bucket capacitor C2. Connect a 1.0μF ceramic capacitor between C2N and C2P. 14 LED3 Cathode of LED3 pin. 15 VOUT Charge pump output voltage pin, which connects to the anodes of all LEDs. A 1μF capacitor to ground is recommended. 16 LED2 Cathode of LED2 pin. This pin is the minus side of charge pump bucket capacitor C2. Connect a 1.0μF ceramic capacitor between C2N and C2P. PWM/Analog input pin. Can be used as second Enable pin, active high. Should tied high when not used. Application Information The CM9140 is a switched capacitor, charge pump voltage converter ideally suited for driving white LEDs to backlight LCD color displays in portable devices. The CM9140 charge pump is the perfect driver for portable applications such as cellular phones, digital still cameras, PDAs and any application where small space, compact overall size, low system cost and minimal EMI are critical. The CM9140 requires only two external switched (bucket) capacitors, plus an input and an output capacitor, providing for a compact, low profile design. In many applications, these can all be conveniently the same value of 1.0µF, available in a compact 0805 surface mount package. The adaptive conversion ratio selects the most efficient operating mode. When VIN is higher than the needed VOUT (VLED+VCURRENT_SINK), the 1x mode is set. When the input voltage is below the LED forward voltage and a voltage boost is needed, the 1.5x mode is automatically selected. The 1.5x mode uses a frac- tional charge pump to convert the nominal Li-ion battery voltage (3.6V) by 1.5 times and regulates the LED current to the low dropout current sources. The current regulated sources maintain constant LED drive in the presence of supply voltage fluctuations. All LEDs are driven with the same current even when they have slightly different forward voltages. The individual current sources sense the current through each LED and match this current to less than 2% for uniform brightness across the color LCD display. The CM9140 drives up to four WLEDS. The maximum current programmed by RSET determines the maximum intensity; the display can be further dimmed by PWM control applied to its EN pin. CM9140 Operation When a voltage is applied to the VIN pin, the CM9140 initiates a softstart cycle, typically lasting 100 µS. Softstart limits the inrush current while the output capaci- © 2006 California Micro Devices Corp. All rights reserved. 6 490 N. McCarthy Blvd., Milpitas, CA 95035-5112 l Tel: 408.263.3214 l Fax: 408.263.7846 l www.cmd.com 04/26/06 PRELIMINARY CM9140 Application Information (cont’d) tors are charged. Following softstart, the CM9140 next determines the best conversion ratio (1x or 1.5x). The 1.5x mode employs a fractional charge pump. The charge pump uses two phases from the internal oscillator to drive switches that are connected to the bucket capacitors, C1 and C2, as shown in Figure 1. In the first switch position, the bucket capacitors are connected in series and each are charged from VIN to a voltage of VIN/2. The next phase changes the switch positions so that C1 and C2 are in parallel, and places them on top of VIN. The resulting voltage across COUT is then VIN+1/2VIN = 1.5 x VIN. VOUT COUT C1 VIN C2 ½ VIN Charge C1 and C2 to ½ VIN each A conventional charge pump with a fixed gain of 2x will usually develop more voltage than is needed to drive paralleled white LEDs from Li-Ion sources. This excessive gain develops a higher internal voltage, reducing the system efficiency and increasing battery drain in portable devices. A fractional charge pump with a gain of 1.5x is better suited for driving white LEDs in these applications. At nominal loads, the switching losses and quiescent current are negligible. If these losses are ignored for simplicity, the efficiency, η, for an ideal 1.5x charge pump can be expressed as the output power divided by the input power: VOUT VIN Efficiency The CM9140 charge pump automatically switches between the two conversion gains, 1x and 1.5x, allowing high efficiency levels over a wide operating input voltage range. The 1x mode allows the voltage to pass directly through to the output when sufficient input voltage is available. As the battery discharges to the point where any one current source no longer has sufficient voltage headroom to maintain a constant current regulation, the 1.5x charge pump is enabled. ½ VIN C1 and will cause the output voltage to drop, until automatically resetting after removal of the excessive current. Over-temperature protection disables the IC when the junction is about 135 °C, and automatically turns on the IC when the junction temperature drops by approximately 15 °C. COUT ½ VIN P LED η = -----------P IN For an ideal 1.5x charge pump, IIN 1.5 x IOUT, and the efficiency may be expressed as; C2 ½ VIN VOUT = ( VLED + VCURRENT _ SINK ) Transfer ½ VIN charge to top of VIN PLED ⎛ ( VOUT ) × IOUT ≈ ⎜⎜ PIN ⎝ VIN × 1.5 × IOUT Figure 1. Switch Operation The CM9140 has over-temperature and over-current protection circuitry to limit device stress and failure during short circuit conditions. An overcurrent condition will limit the output current (approximately 400~600mA) ⎞ VOUT ⎟⎟ = 1 . 5 × VIN ⎠ For ( VLED + VCURRENT _ SINK ) = 3.9 V, η≈ 3.9 V 1.5 × VIN © 2006 California Micro Devices Corp. All rights reserved. 04/26/06 490 N. McCarthy Blvd., Milpitas, CA 95035-5112 l Tel: 408.263.3214 l Fax: 408.263.7846 l www.cmd.com 7 PRELIMINARY CM9140 Application Information (cont’d) Many charge pumps are fixed 2x designs. The ideal 2x charge pump efficiency can be similarly expressed; P OUT 3.9V ------------- ≈ ---------------------P IN 2.0 × V IN In 1x mode, when the input voltage is above the output voltage, the ideal efficiency is simply VOUT/VIN. The typical conversion efficiency plots for these modes, with some losses, are shown in Figure 2. Efficiency (%) 1X 75 1X-1.5X dual mode 1.5X 2X 30 3.0 3.5 4.0 4.5 If a LED is shorted, the CM9140 will continue to operate and drive the remaining LEDs at the programmed current. If a LED opens, the other LEDs will still be regulated at the programmed current. An external resistor programs a reference current, setting the maximum driver current. This resistor must be tied to a good analog ground. If it is pulled to ground through a switch, for example, from the host controller output, the voltage drop across that switch should not exceed 10mV. 90 45 Failed LED Detection LED Current Set (ISET) VLED=3.5V 60 The 1x mode has better efficiency than the 1.5x mode. Selecting LEDs with low forward voltage (VLED) increases the time spent in the 1x mode as the battery discharges, extending the operating time. 5.0 5.5 6.0 The voltage at the ISET pin is provided by a .66V bandgap reference. The LED current is approximately 1000x the current set by the RSET resistor, according to the following formula: 0.66V – ( LogicLow ) R SET = ----------------------------------------------------- × 1000 I LED Input Voltage (V) Figure 2. Ideal charge pump efficiency As can be seen, the CM9140, with 1x and 1.5x modes, has better efficiency in this application than a fixed 2x charge pump. At low battery voltages, the higher efficiency of the CM9140 charge pump’s 1,5x gain reduces the battery drain. At higher input voltages, typically seen when the system is running off an AC adapter, the CM9140, operating the 1x mode, has better efficiency than single mode 1.5x or 2x charge pumps, lowering the power dissipation for cooler circuit operation and long life. While the charge pump efficiency is easily determined, the system efficiency is more difficult due to the current source outputs, which complicate measuring the output power. The forward voltage of the white LEDs will vary, and the constant current sources will adjust to maintain the current. When comparing systems, it is best to compare the input current for a specified LED drive current. Logic Low is the voltage on device driving this pin to ground. If the resistor is tied to ground directly, Logic low = 0. For 20mA LED current, RSET≅33 k. When this pin is driven high or open, the device will enter a sleep mode with VOUT = 4.5V and, with no load, IQUIESCENT≅ 500μA. Analog Control of Display Intensity Typically, portable devices control the backlight display intensity in response to ambient light conditions, or lower the intensity after a short standby interval to converse battery charge. The luminous intensity of white LEDs is proportional to the amount of forward current through them, but the color wavelength emitted is also dependent upon the forward current. In applications where color shift is not critical, brightness can be controlled by adjusting the diode’s current. A typical white LED Intensity vs. forward current curve is shown in Figure 3. © 2006 California Micro Devices Corp. All rights reserved. 8 490 N. McCarthy Blvd., Milpitas, CA 95035-5112 l Tel: 408.263.3214 l Fax: 408.263.7846 l www.cmd.com 04/26/06 PRELIMINARY CM9140 Application Information (cont’d) The resistors can be determined from the equations below. Relative Luminous Intensity ( R × Ratio ) + RpR = -----------------------------------------Ratio Normalized to 20mA 1.5 Rset = Ratio × R 1.0 0.5 For example, a VC max of 2.5V and a maximum current setting of 20mA, R=125k, RSET=44.8k. Figure 5 shows the control curve. 0.0 0.0 5.0 10.0 15.0 20.0 25.0 30.0 LED Current vs. Vc Forward Current (mA) The ISET pins of the CM9140 can be used to connect an analog DC signal for analog dimming of the white LEDs, as shown in Figure 4 This requires an additional resistor, R, and a DC source voltage, Vc. LED Current (mA) 25 Figure 3. Typical Luminous Intensity vs. LED Current 20 15 10 VC 5 0 CM9140 0.0 R 0.5 1.0 1.5 2.0 2.5 Control Voltage, Vc ISET Figure 5. LED Current Control Curve RSET Figure 4. Analog LED current adjust A control voltage, VC, applied to the resistor divider will decrease the current for all LEDs. The maximum LED current occurs with 0V on VC, which is set by RP is the parallel combination of R and RSET. 0.66V R P = ----------------------- × 1000 I LED max Choose the maximum control voltage, VC, which sets zero LED current, and then determine the resistor ratio. The circuit in Figure 6 is an example of logic dimming control, which changes the LED forward current in discrete steps. The NMOS source is an open drain (or open collector if bipolar) device, either the output of a host controller, or a discrete device. Open drain, or open collector devices sink current in their active, low voltage state (logic 0), and are high impedance in their high voltage, non-active state (logic 1). The open drain must not be pulled high with an external resistor, but instead connected only to the current setting resistors. The parallel combination of R and RSET determine the full intensity current. When the drain goes high, RSET determines the lower intensity current. 0.66V Ratio = ------------------------Vc – 0.66 V © 2006 California Micro Devices Corp. All rights reserved. 04/26/06 490 N. McCarthy Blvd., Milpitas, CA 95035-5112 l Tel: 408.263.3214 l Fax: 408.263.7846 l www.cmd.com 9 PRELIMINARY CM9140 Application Information (cont’d) rent. Only the time averaged current changes. Above a minimum frequency, the human eye will perceive the change in duty cycle as a change in brightness. CM9140 R ISET 55k 82.5k RSET VBATT Open Drain Controller Output on PWM off Figure 6. Logic Signal Dimming RSET .66 V * 1000 ILED (max) R= Rset = .66 V * 1000 ILED (min) 1 1 1 − Rp Rset Additional parallel resistors can be added in the same way. PWM Control of Display Intensity Typically, portable devices control the backlight display intensity in response to ambient light conditions, or lower the intensity after a short standby interval to converse battery charge. The CM9140 allows the output to lower the LED brightness by applying a pulsing (PWM) signal to EN, as shown in Figure 7. The waveforms are shown in Figure 8. The white in white LEDs is typically bichromatic, produced by a blue or UV LED that excites yellow phosphors. The two colors combine and the human eye sees these them as white light. The forward current of the LED influences the chromaticity, with higher LED current increasing the blue content of the color. VOUT EN LED1 LED2 LED3 LED4 ISET1 Display CM9140 GND For example, to reduce the luminosity intensity by half, using the LED curve from Figure 3, the current setting needs to be changed from 20mA to about 8mA. The values in Figure 6 will accomplish this, are where obtained using the following equations; Rp = VIN Figure 7. PWM applied to EN The recommended frequency is between 100 Hz and 200 Hz, with a duty cycle greater than 20%. If a frequency of less then 100 Hz is used, flicker might be seen in the LEDs. The frequency should also be greater than the refresh rate of the TFT display. Higher frequencies will cause a loss of brightness control linearity. In addition, higher frequency can cause chromaticity shifts because the fixed rise and fall times of the PWM signal will shift the forward current. The PWM signal will cause the average LED current to be reduced. The average current is determined by the PWM duty cycle, which can vary from 0% to 100%. Decreased Duty Cycle will linearly lower LED brightness, 0% Duty Cycle will turn off the display LEDs. EN PWM signal VOUT ILED (1,2,3) Using a PWM signal allows the LEDs to be dimmed without substantially shifting their color balance due to chromaticity shifts related to changing white LED forward current. The PWM signal causes the LEDs to operate either at the full ISET current, or at zero cur- ISET Figure 8. PWM Signal Dimming © 2006 California Micro Devices Corp. All rights reserved. 04/26/06 490 N. McCarthy Blvd., Milpitas, CA 95035-5112 l Tel: 408.263.3214 l Fax: 408.263.7846 l www.cmd.com 10 PRELIMINARY CM9140 Application Information (cont’d) CM9140 Design Examples Capacitor Selection Cell Phone Some mobile phone LCD displays (both STN and miniTFT) use white LEDs for backlighting. Lightguides are used to distribute the light uniformly behind the LCD. A typical application is shown in Figure 9. The display’s intensity can be lowered by a PWM signal applied to the EN pin, as determine by the ambient light conditions. VIN off PWM VOUT EN LED1 LED2 LED3 LED4 ISET Display MENU CM9140 R SET GND Figure 9. Display Backlight Camera Flash The CM9140 can support a camera flash in digital still cameras as well as in camera equipped smart phones and PDAs. In this case the flash LEDs are supplied 3 x 50-mA = 150-mA. See Figure 10. VBATT Flash EN ISET RSET LED1 LED2 LED3 LED4 For a given output current, increasing the output capacitance reduces output ripple in the 1.5x mode. Increasing the output capacitor will also increase startup current and time. In most LED applications, high frequency output ripple is not a concern because it will not cause intensity variations that are visible to the human eye. Layout Guide VOUT VIN The capacitance and ESR of the external bucket capacitors will directly affect the output impedance and efficiency of the converter. A ceramic 1μF capacitor is recommended. Reflected input ripple depends on the impedance of the VIN source, such as the PCB traces and the Li-ion battery, which have elevated impedance at higher frequencies. The input capacitor located near the converter input reduces this source impedance and ripple. Any ESR from the capacitor will result in steps and spikes in the ripple waveform, and possibly produce EMI. Much of the ripple voltage is due to moving current charge in and out of the capacitor and the capacitor’s impedance at the charge pump frequency. If ripple voltage or current on the battery bus is an application issue, add a small input inductor between the battery and the capacitor, or just increase the capacitor. VBATT on For proper performance, use surface-mount, low ESR ceramic capacitors for all four positions. X7R or X5R ceramic dielectric provides good stability over the operating temperature and voltage range. The charge pump is rapidly charging and discharging the external capacitors, so external traces to the capacitors should be made wide and short to minimize inductance and high frequency ringing. The four capacitors should be located as close as practical to the charge pump, particularly C1 and C2, which have the highest dv/dt. Use a solid ground plane, and connect the ground side of CIN, COUT and the package GND as close as practical. WLED Flash CM9140 GND Figure 10. Flash Application © 2006 California Micro Devices Corp. All rights reserved. 04/26/06 490 N. McCarthy Blvd., Milpitas, CA 95035-5112 l Tel: 408.263.3214 l Fax: 408.263.7846 l www.cmd.com 11 PRELIMINARY CM9140 Mechanical Details TQFN-16 Mechanical Specifications Mechanical Package Diagrams The CM9140 is supplied in a 16-lead, 4.0mm x 4.0mm TQFN package. Dimensions are presented below. For complete information on the TQFN16, see the California Micro Devices TQFN Package Information document. D Package TQFN-16 (4x4) Leads 16 Millimeters Min A A1 A3 b Nom Max 0.80 0.84 0.00 0.04 Min Nom Max 0.031 0.033 0.15 C 0.002 0.15 C 0.00 0.20 REF 0.25 .008 0.33 0.010 D 4.0 BSC 0.157 1.95 REF 0.077 E 0.08 C 0.077 2.15 0.081 0.65 TYP. 0.55 0.085 0.157 1.95 REF 2.05 e L 0.081 4.0 BSC E1 E2 2.15 0.10 C A3 A1 SIDE VIEW 0.085 A 0.026 0.65 0.022 # per tube xx pieces* # per tape and reel xxxx pieces D1 0.026 E1 2.05 TOP VIEW 0.013 D1 D2 Pin 1 Marking Inches E2 Dim. E PACKAGE DIMENSIONS Controlling dimension: millimeters D2 * This is an approximate number which may vary. L DAP SIZE 1.8 X 1.8 b e 16X 0.10 M CAB BOTTOM VIEW Package Dimensions for 16-Lead TQFN © 2006 California Micro Devices Corp. All rights reserved. 12 490 N. McCarthy Blvd., Milpitas, CA 95035-5112 l Tel: 408.263.3214 l Fax: 408.263.7846 l www.cmd.com 04/26/06