CDCV850 2.5-V PHASE LOCK LOOP CLOCK DRIVER WITH 2-LINE SERIAL INTERFACE SCAS647A – OCTOBER 2000 – REVISED NOVEMBER 2000 Phase-Lock Loop Clock Driver for Double Data-Rate Synchronous DRAM Applications Spread Spectrum Clock Compatible Operating Frequency: 60 to 140 MHz Low Jitter (cyc–cyc): ±75 ps Distributes One Differential Clock Input to Ten Differential Outputs Two-Line Serial Interface Provides Output Enable and Functional Control Outputs Are Put Into a High-Impedance State When the Input Differential Clocks Are <20 MHz 48-Pin TSSOP Package Consumes <250-µA Quiescent Current External Feedback Pins (FBIN, FBIN) Are Used to Synchronize the Outputs to the Input Clocks description DGG PACKAGE (TOP VIEW) GND Y0 Y0 VDDQ Y1 Y1 GND GND Y2 Y2 VDDQ SCLK CLK CLK VDDI AVDD AGND GND Y3 Y3 VDDQ Y4 Y4 GND 1 48 2 47 3 46 4 45 5 44 6 43 7 42 8 41 9 40 10 39 11 38 12 37 13 36 14 35 15 34 16 33 17 32 18 31 19 30 20 29 GND Y5 Y5 VDDQ Y6 Y6 GND GND Y7 Y7 VDDQ SDATA FBIN FBIN VDDQ FBOUT FBOUT GND Y8 Y8 VDDQ Y9 Y9 GND The CDCV850 is a high-performance, low-skew, 21 28 low-jitter zero delay buffer that distributes a 22 27 differential clock input pair (CLK, CLK) to ten 23 26 differential pairs of clock outputs (Y[0:9], Y[0:9]) 24 25 and one differential pair of feedback clock outputs (FBOUT, FBOUT). The clock outputs are controlled by the clock inputs (CLK, CLK), the feedback clocks (FBIN, FBIN), the 2-line serial interface (SDATA, SCLK), and the analog power input (AVDD). A two-line serial interface can put the individual output clock pairs in a high-impedance state. When the AVDD terminal is tied to GND, the PLL is turned off and bypassed for test purposes. The device provides a standard mode (100 Kbits/s) 2-line serial interface for device control. The implementation is as a slave/receiver. The device address is specified in the 2-line serial device address table. Both of the 2-line serial inputs (SDATA and SCLK) provide integrated pullup resistors (typically 100 kΩ). Two 8-bit, 2-line serial registers provide individual enable control for each output pair. All outputs default to enabled at powerup. Each output pair can be placed in a high-impedance mode, when a low-level control bit is written to the control register. The registers must be accessed in sequential order (i.e., random access of the registers not supported). The serial interface circuit can be supplied with either 2.5 V or 3.3 V (at VDDI) in applications where this programming option is not required (after power up, all output pairs will then be enabled). When the input frequency falls below a suggested detection frequency that is below 20 MHz (typically 10 MHz), the output pairs are put into a high-impedance condition, the PLL is shut down, and the device will enter a low power mode. The CDCV850 is also able to track spread spectrum clocking for reduced EMI. Since the CDCV850 is based on PLL circuitry, it requires a stabilization time to achieve phase-lock of the PLL. This stabilization time is required following power up, as well as changes to various 2-line serial registers that affect the PLL. The CDCV850 is characterized for operation from 0°C to 85°C. Please be aware that an important notice concerning availability, standard warranty, and use in critical applications of Texas Instruments semiconductor products and disclaimers thereto appears at the end of this data sheet. Copyright 2000, Texas Instruments Incorporated PRODUCTION DATA information is current as of publication date. Products conform to specifications per the terms of Texas Instruments standard warranty. Production processing does not necessarily include testing of all parameters. POST OFFICE BOX 655303 • DALLAS, TEXAS 75265 1 CDCV850 2.5-V PHASE LOCK LOOP CLOCK DRIVER WITH 2-LINE SERIAL INTERFACE SCAS647A – OCTOBER 2000 – REVISED NOVEMBER 2000 FUNCTION TABLE (Select Functions) OUTPUTS† INPUTS AVDD GND CLK CLK Y[0:9] Y[0:9] L GND H H L L H 2.5 V (nom) L 2.5 V (nom) H H L L H PLL FBOUT FBOUT H L H Bypassed/Off L H L Bypassed/Off H L H On L H L On 2.5 V (nom) <20 MHz <20 MHz Hi-Z Hi-Z Hi-Z Hi-Z Off † Each output pair (except FBOUT, FBOUT) can be put into a high-impedance state through the 2-line serial interface. functional block diagram VDDI 3 2 Y0 Y0 5 Y1 6 Y1 10 SCLK SDATA 12 37 2-Line Serial Interface Logic 9 10 20 19 22 23 46 47 CLK 13 CLK 14 FBIN 36 FBIN 44 43 PLL 39 35 40 29 30 AVDD 16 27 26 32 33 2 POST OFFICE BOX 655303 • DALLAS, TEXAS 75265 Y2 Y2 Y3 Y3 Y4 Y4 Y5 Y5 Y6 Y6 Y7 Y7 Y8 Y8 Y9 Y9 FBOUT FBOUT CDCV850 2.5-V PHASE LOCK LOOP CLOCK DRIVER WITH 2-LINE SERIAL INTERFACE SCAS647A – OCTOBER 2000 – REVISED NOVEMBER 2000 Terminal Functions TERMINAL NAME AGND NO. I/O DESCRIPTION Ground for 2.5-V analog supply 17 2.5-V analog supply AVDD CLK, CLK 13, 14 I Differential clock input FBIN, FBIN 35, 36 I Feedback differential clock input 32, 33 O Feedback differential clock output FBOUT, FBOUT 16 GND 1, 7, 8, 18, 24, 25, 31, 41, 42, 48 SCLK 12 I SDATA 37 I/O VDDQ 4, 11, 21, 28, 34, 38, 45 VDDI Y[0:9] Y[0:9] Ground Clock input for 2-line serial interface Data input/output for 2-line serial interface 2.5-V supply 15 I 2.5-V or 3.3-V supply for 2-line serial interface 3, 5, 10, 20, 22, 27, 29, 39, 44, 46 O Buffered output copies of input clock, CLK 2, 6, 9, 19, 23, 26, 30, 40, 43, 47 O Buffered output copies of input clock, CLK absolute maximum ratings over operating free-air temperature (unless otherwise noted)† Supply voltage range: VDDQ, AVDD . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . –0.5 V to 3.6 V VDDI . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . –0.5 V to 4.6 V Input voltage range: VI (except SCLK and SDATA) (see Notes 1 and 2) . . . . . . . . –0.5 V to VDDQ + 0.5 V VI (SCLK, SDATA) (see Notes 1 and 2) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . –0.5 V to VDDI + 0.5 V Output voltage range: VO (except SDATA) (see Notes 1 and 2) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . –0.5 V to VDDQ + 0.5 V VO (SDATA) (see Notes 1 and 2) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . –0.5 V to VDDQ + 0.5 V Input clamp current, IIK (VI < 0 or VI > VDDQ) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ±50 mA Output clamp current, IOK (VO < 0 or VO > VDDQ) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ±50 mA Continuous output current, IO (VO = 0 to VDDQ) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ±50 mA Package thermal impedance, θJA (see Note 3): DGG package . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 89°C/W Storage temperature range Tstg . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . –65°C to 150°C † Stresses beyond those listed under “absolute maximum ratings” may cause permanent damage to the device. These are stress ratings only, and functional operation of the device at these or any other conditions beyond those indicated under “recommended operating conditions” is not implied. Exposure to absolute-maximum-rated conditions for extended periods may affect device reliability. NOTES: 1. The input and output negative voltage ratings may be exceeded if the input and output clamp-current ratings are observed. 2. This value is limited to 3.6 V maximum. 3. The package thermal impedance is calculated in accordance with JESD 51. POST OFFICE BOX 655303 • DALLAS, TEXAS 75265 3 CDCV850 2.5-V PHASE LOCK LOOP CLOCK DRIVER WITH 2-LINE SERIAL INTERFACE SCAS647A – OCTOBER 2000 – REVISED NOVEMBER 2000 recommended operating conditions (see Note 4) MIN VDDQ, AVDD VDDI (see Note 5) Supply voltage 3.6 –0.3 SDATA, SCLK 0.66 CLK, CLK High level input voltage voltage, VIH 0.4 FBIN, FBIN SDATA, SCLK –0.3 Differential input signal voltage voltage, VID (see Note 7) DC CLK, FBIN 0.36 AC CLK, FBIN 0.2 Input differential pair cross-voltage, VIX (see Note 8) 0.45×(VIH–VIL) High-level output current, IOH Low level output current, Low-level current IOL VDDQ + 0.3 VDDQ + 0.3 VDDQ + 0.6 VDDQ + 0.6 0.55×(VIH–VIL) –12 SDATA Input slew rate, SR (see Figure 8) SSC modulation frequency SSC clock input frequency deviation V 0.71 VDDQ/2 + 0.18 0.7 × VDDI DC input signal voltage (see Note 6) V 0.24 VDDQ – 0.4 VDDQ/2 – 0.18 0.3 × VDDI FBIN, FBIN CLK, CLK, HCSL Buffer only UNIT 2.3 0 CLK, CLK MAX 2.7 CLK, CLK, HCSL Buffer only Low level input voltage, voltage VIL TYP 2.3 V V V V mA 12 V 3 mA 1 4 V/ns 30 33.3 kHz 0 –0.50 kHz Operating free-air temperature, TA 0 85 °C NOTES: 4. Unused inputs must be held high or low to prevent them from floating. 5. All devices on the serial interface bus, with input levels related to VDDI, must have one common supply line to which the pullup resistor is connected to. 6. DC input signal voltage specifies the allowable dc execution of differential input. 7. Differential input signal voltage specifies the differential voltage |VTR – VCP| required for switching, where VTR is the true input level and VCP is the complementary input level. 8. Differential cross-point voltage is expected to track variations of VCC and is the voltage at which the differential signals must be crossing. 4 POST OFFICE BOX 655303 • DALLAS, TEXAS 75265 CDCV850 2.5-V PHASE LOCK LOOP CLOCK DRIVER WITH 2-LINE SERIAL INTERFACE SCAS647A – OCTOBER 2000 – REVISED NOVEMBER 2000 electrical characteristics over recommended operating free-air temperature range (unless otherwise noted) PARAMETER TEST CONDITIONS VIK Input voltage All inputs VOH High level output voltage High-level VOL L l l output t t Low-level voltage SDATA VDDQ = 2.3 V, II = –18 mA VDDQ = min to max, IOH = –1 mA VDDQ = 2.3 V, IOH = –12 mA VDDQ = min to max, IOL = 1 mA MIN TYP† 0.1 VO = 1 V VO = 1.2 V –18 –32 26 35 1.1 Low-level output current VDDQ = 2.3 V, VDDQ = 2.3 V, VO Output voltage swing For load condition see Figure 3 VOX Output differential cross voltage II In ut current Input IOZ High-impedance-state output current IDDPD Power-down current on VDDQ + AVDD CLK at 0 MHz; Σ of IDD and AIDD Power down current on VDDI CLK at 0 MHz; VDDQ = 3.6 V V V IOL = 12 mA IOL = 3 mA High-level output current UNIT –1.2 VDDQ – 0.1 1.7 VDDQ = 2.3 V, VDDI = 3.0 V, IOH IOL MAX 0.6 V 0.4 VDDQ/2 – 0.2 VDDQ/2 mA mA VDDQ – 0.4 V VDDQ/2 + 0.2 V SDATA, SCLK VDDQ = 3.6 V, VI = 0 V to 3.6 V +10/–50 µA CLK, FBIN VDDQ = 2.7 V, VI = 0 V to 2.7 V ±10 µA VDDQ = 2.7 V, VO = VDDQ or GND ±10 µA 150 250 µA 3 20 µA 205 230 mA 4 6 mA 1 2 mA 2.5 3 pF IDD Dynamic current on VDDQ AI(DD) Supply current on AVDD VDDQ = 2.7 V, fO = 100 MHz All differential output pairs are terminated with 120 Ω / CL = 4 pF AVDD = 2.7 V, fO = 100 MHz IDDI Supply current on VDDI VDDI = 3.6 V SCLK and SDATA = 3.6 V CI Input capacitance VDDQ = 2.5 V VDDQ = 2.5 V VI = VDDQ or GND VO = VDDQ or GND 2 CO Output capacitance 2.5 3 3.5 pF † All typical values are at respective nominal VDDQ. ‡ The value of VOC is expected to be |VTR + VCP|/2. In case of each clock directly terminated by a 120-Ω resistor, where VTR is the true input signal voltage and VCP is the complementary input signal voltage (see Figure 3). timing requirements over recommended ranges of supply voltage and operating free-air temperature f(CLK) Clock frequency Input clock duty cycle Stabilization time† MIN MAX UNIT 60 140 MHz 40% 60% 10 µs † Time required for the integrated PLL circuit to obtain phase lock of its feedback signal to its reference signal. For phase lock to be obtained, a fixed-frequency, fixed-phase reference signal must be present at CLK. Until phase lock is obtained, the specifications for propagation delay, skew, and jitter parameters given in the switching characteristics table are not applicable. This parameter does not apply for input modulation under SSC application. POST OFFICE BOX 655303 • DALLAS, TEXAS 75265 5 CDCV850 2.5-V PHASE LOCK LOOP CLOCK DRIVER WITH 2-LINE SERIAL INTERFACE SCAS647A – OCTOBER 2000 – REVISED NOVEMBER 2000 timing requirements for the 2-line serial interface over recommended ranges of operating free-air temperature and VDDI from 3.3 V to 3.6 V (see Figure 10) MIN MAX UNIT 100 kHz f(SCLK) t(BUS) SCLK frequency Bus free time 4.7 µs tsu(START) START setup time† 4.7 µs th(START) START hold time† 4.0 µs tw(SCLL) SCLK low pulse duration 4.7 µs tw(SCLH) SLCK high pulse duration 4.0 µs tr(SDATA) tf(SDATA) SDATA input rise time 1000 ns SDATA input fall time 300 ns tsu(SDATA) th(SDATA) SDATA setup time 250 ns SDATA hold time 0 ns tsu(STOP) STOP setup time † This conforms to I2C specification, version 2.1. 4 µs switching characteristics PARAMETER TEST CONDITIONS MIN TYP MAX UNIT tpd tPHL Propagation delay time Test mode/CLK to any output High-to low-level propagation delay time SCLK to SDATA (acknowledge) ten tdis Output enable time Output disable time tjit(per) tjit(cc) Jitter (period), See Figure 6 100/133 MHz –30 30 ps Jitter (cycle-to-cycle), See Figure 3 100/133 MHz –30 30 ps tjit(hper) Half-period jitter, See Figure 7 100/133 MHz –75 75 ps 100 MHz/VID on CLK = 0.71 V 100 MHz/VID on CLK = 0.59 V –120 120 ps –50 160 ps 100 MHz/VID on CLK = 0.82 V 133 MHz/VID on CLK = 0.71 V –170 70 ps –50 180 ps Dynamic phase hase offset, SSC on, See Figure 4b and Figure 9 100 MHz/VID on CLK = 0.71 V 133 MHz/VID on CLK = 0.71 V –190 190 ps –140 140 ps –160 160 ps Dynamic phase offset offset, SSC off, off See Figure 4b 100 MHz/VID on CLK = 0.71 V 133 MHz/VID on CLK = 0.71 V –130 130 ps t(∅) td(∅)# Static phase offset, offset See Figure 4a 4 500 ns Test mode/SDATA to Y-output 85 ns Test mode/SDATA to Y-output 35 ns ns tslr(o) Output clock slew rate, terminated with 120 Ω/14 pF, See Figures 1 and 8 1 2 V/ns tslr(o) Output clock slew rate, terminated with 120 Ω/4 pF, See Figures 1 and 8 1 3 V/ns tsk(o) Output skew, See Figure 5 30 33.3 kHz 0.00 –0.50 % 75 SSC modulation frequency SSC clock input frequency deviation † This time is for a PLL frequency of 100 MHz. ‡ According CK00 spec: 6 x Iref at 50 Ω and Rref = 475 Ω § According CK00 spec: 5 x Iref at 50 Ω and Rref = 475 Ω ¶ According CK00 spec: 7 x Iref at 50 Ω and Rref = 475 Ω # The parameter is assured by design but cannot be 100% production tested. || All differential output pins are terminated with 120 Ω/4 pF 6 POST OFFICE BOX 655303 • DALLAS, TEXAS 75265 ps CDCV850 2.5-V PHASE LOCK LOOP CLOCK DRIVER WITH 2-LINE SERIAL INTERFACE SCAS647A – OCTOBER 2000 – REVISED NOVEMBER 2000 2-line serial interface 2-line serial interface slave address A7 A6 A5 A4 A3 A2 A1 1 1 0 1 0 0 1 R/W 0 Writing to the device is accomplished by sequentially sending the device address D2H, the dummy bytes (command code and the number of bytes), and the data bytes. This sequence is illustrated in the following tables: 1 bit 7 bits Start Bit Ack 1 bit 1 bit Slave Address Data Byte 0 8 bits R/W 1 bit 8 bits Ack 1 bit Command Code Ack Data Byte 1 1 bit 8 bits Ack 8 bits Ack Byte Count = N Data Byte N 1 bit 8 bits Ack 1 bit Stop 1 bit 2-line serial interface configuration command bitmap The 2-line serial command bytes are used to control the output clock pairs (Y[0:9], Y[0:9]). The output clock pairs are enabled after power up. During normal operation, the clock pairs can be disabled (set Hi-Z) or enabled (running) by writing the corresponding bit to the data bytes in the following tables: Byte 0: Enable/Disable Register (H = Enable, L = Disable) Byte 1: Enable/Disable Register (H = Enable, L = Disable) BIT PINS INITIAL VALUE DESCRIPTION BIT PINS INITIAL VALUE DESCRIPTION 7 3, 2 H Y0, Y0 7 29, 30 H Y8, Y8 6 5, 6 H Y1, Y1 6 27, 26 H Y9, Y9 5 10, 9 H Y2, Y2 5 – L Reserved 4 20, 19 H Y3, Y3 4 – L Reserved 3 22, 23 H Y4, Y4 3 – L Reserved 2 46, 47 H Y5, Y5 2 – L Reserved 1 44, 43 H Y6, Y6 1 – L Reserved 0 39, 40 H Y7, Y7 0 – L Reserved POST OFFICE BOX 655303 • DALLAS, TEXAS 75265 7 CDCV850 2.5-V PHASE LOCK LOOP CLOCK DRIVER WITH 2-LINE SERIAL INTERFACE SCAS647A – OCTOBER 2000 – REVISED NOVEMBER 2000 PARAMETER MEASUREMENT INFORMATION VDD V(CK) R = 60 Ω R = 60 Ω VDD/2 V(CK) CDCV850 GND Figure 1. IBIS Model Output Load (used for slew rate measurement) VDD/2 C = 4 pF CDCV850 Z = 60 Ω SCOPE –VDD/2 Z = 50 Ω R = 10 Ω R = 50 Ω GND Z = 60 Ω R = 10 Ω Z = 50 Ω R = 50 Ω C = 4 pF GND –VDD/2 –VDD/2 Figure 2. Output Load Test Circuit Yx, FBOUT Yx, FBOUT tc(n) tc(n+1) tjit(cc) = tc(n) – tc(n+1) Figure 3. Cycle-to-Cycle Jitter 8 POST OFFICE BOX 655303 • DALLAS, TEXAS 75265 CDCV850 2.5-V PHASE LOCK LOOP CLOCK DRIVER WITH 2-LINE SERIAL INTERFACE SCAS647A – OCTOBER 2000 – REVISED NOVEMBER 2000 PARAMETER MEASUREMENT INFORMATION CK CK FBIN FBIN t( ) n ∑1 t ( ) n+1 n=N t( ) = t( ) n N (N is a large number of samples) (a) Static Phase Offset CK CK FBIN FBIN t( ) td( ) t( ) td( ) td( ) td( ) (b) Dynamic Phase Offset Figure 4. Static Phase Offset Yx Yx Yx, FBOUT Yx, FBOUT tsk(o) Figure 5. Output Skew POST OFFICE BOX 655303 • DALLAS, TEXAS 75265 9 CDCV850 2.5-V PHASE LOCK LOOP CLOCK DRIVER WITH 2-LINE SERIAL INTERFACE SCAS647A – OCTOBER 2000 – REVISED NOVEMBER 2000 PARAMETER MEASUREMENT INFORMATION Yx, FBOUT Yx, FBOUT tc(n) Yx, FBOUT Yx, FBOUT 1 f O tjit)per) = tc(n) – 1 fO Figure 6. Period Jitter Yx, FBOUT Yx, FBOUT t(hper_N+1) t(hper_n) 1 fO tjit(hper) = t(hper_n) 1 2xf O Figure 7. Half-Period Jitter 10 POST OFFICE BOX 655303 • DALLAS, TEXAS 75265 CDCV850 2.5-V PHASE LOCK LOOP CLOCK DRIVER WITH 2-LINE SERIAL INTERFACE SCAS647A – OCTOBER 2000 – REVISED NOVEMBER 2000 PARAMETER MEASUREMENT INFORMATION 80% 80% VID, VOD 20% Clock Inputs 20% and Outputs tslrf(i), tslrf(o) tslrr(i), tslrr(o) Period of Output Frequency – % Figure 8. Input and Output Slew Rates 100 99.9 99.8 99.7 99.6 99.5 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40 45 Period of Modulation Signal – µs Figure 9. SSC Modulation Profile POST OFFICE BOX 655303 • DALLAS, TEXAS 75265 11 CDCV850 2.5-V PHASE LOCK LOOP CLOCK DRIVER WITH 2-LINE SERIAL INTERFACE SCAS647A – OCTOBER 2000 – REVISED NOVEMBER 2000 VO = 3.3 V RL = 1 kΩ DUT CL = 10 pF GND TEST CIRCUIT 4 to N Bytes for Complete Device Programming Start Condition (S) Bit 7 MSB Bit 0 LSB (R/W) Bit 6 tw(SCLL) Acknowledge (A) Stop Condition (P) tsu(START) tw(SCLH) 0.7 VCC SCLOCK tsu(START) 0.3 VCC tr tPHL tf t(BUS) tPLH 0.7 VCC 0.3 VCC SDATA tf(SDATA) tr(SDATA) tsu(SDATA) th(START) th(SDATA) Repeat Start Condition (see Note A) Start or Repeat Start Condition tsu(STOP) Stop Condition VOLTAGE WAVEFORMS BYTE DESCRIPTION 1 Slave Address 2 Common (Dummy Value, Ignored) 3 Byte Count = N 4 Data Byte 0 5–N Data Byte 1 – N NOTE A: The repeat start condition is supported. If PWRDWN# is asserted SDATA will be set to off-state, high impedance. Figure 10. Propagation Delay Times, tr and tf 12 POST OFFICE BOX 655303 • DALLAS, TEXAS 75265 CDCV850 2.5-V PHASE LOCK LOOP CLOCK DRIVER WITH 2-LINE SERIAL INTERFACE SCAS647A – OCTOBER 2000 – REVISED NOVEMBER 2000 MECHANICAL DATA 48 PINS SHOWN 0,27 0,17 0,50 48 0,08 M 25 6,20 6,00 8,30 7,90 0,15 NOM Gage Plane 1 0,25 24 0°–8° A 0,75 0,50 Seating Plane 0,15 0,05 1,20 MAX PINS ** 0,10 48 56 64 A MAX 12,60 14,10 17,10 A MIN 12,40 13,90 16,90 DIM 4040078 / F 12/97 NOTES: B. C. D. E. All linear dimensions are in millimeters. This drawing is subject to change without notice. Body dimensions do not include mold protrusion not to exceed 0,15. Falls within JEDEC MO-153 POST OFFICE BOX 655303 • DALLAS, TEXAS 75265 13 IMPORTANT NOTICE Texas Instruments and its subsidiaries (TI) reserve the right to make changes to their products or to discontinue any product or service without notice, and advise customers to obtain the latest version of relevant information to verify, before placing orders, that information being relied on is current and complete. All products are sold subject to the terms and conditions of sale supplied at the time of order acknowledgment, including those pertaining to warranty, patent infringement, and limitation of liability. TI warrants performance of its semiconductor products to the specifications applicable at the time of sale in accordance with TI’s standard warranty. Testing and other quality control techniques are utilized to the extent TI deems necessary to support this warranty. Specific testing of all parameters of each device is not necessarily performed, except those mandated by government requirements. Customers are responsible for their applications using TI components. In order to minimize risks associated with the customer’s applications, adequate design and operating safeguards must be provided by the customer to minimize inherent or procedural hazards. TI assumes no liability for applications assistance or customer product design. TI does not warrant or represent that any license, either express or implied, is granted under any patent right, copyright, mask work right, or other intellectual property right of TI covering or relating to any combination, machine, or process in which such semiconductor products or services might be or are used. TI’s publication of information regarding any third party’s products or services does not constitute TI’s approval, warranty or endorsement thereof. Copyright 2000, Texas Instruments Incorporated