www.fairchildsemi.com FAN8423D (KA3023D); Preliminary 3-Phase BLDC Motor Driver Features Description • • • • • • • • • • The FAN8423D is a monolithic IC, suitable for a 3-phase spindle motor driver of a CD-media system. 3-phase, full-wave, linear BLDC motor driver Power save at stop mode Built-in current limiter Built-in TSD (thermal shutdown) circuit Built-in 3X and 1X hall FG output Built-in hall bias circuit Built-in rotational direction detector Built-in reverse rotation preventer Built-in short braker Corresponds to 5 V DSP 28-SSOPH-375 Typical Applications • • • • • • • Ordering Information Compact disk ROM (CD-ROM) spindle motor Compact disk RW (CD-RW) spindle motor Digital video disk ROM (DVD-ROM) spindle motor Digital video disk RAM (DVD-RAM) spindle motor Digital video disk Player (DVDP) spindle motor Other compact disk media spindle motor Other 3-phase BLDC motor Device Package Operating Temp. FAN8423D 28-SSOPH-375 −25°C ~ +75°C FAN8423DTF 28-SSOPH-375 −25°C ~ +75°C Rev. .9.0 February. 2000. ©2000 Fairchild Semiconductor International 1 FAN8423D (KA3023D); PRELIMINARY PC1 NC VH 21 20 19 18 17 16 15 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 H2- H3+ H3- 22 SB EC 23 H2+ S/S 24 FG3X FG1X 25 H1- VCC 26 DIR NC 27 H1+ VM 28 FIN(GND) ECR CS1 Pin Assignments 2 3 4 5 6 7 A3 NC A2 NC NC A1 FIN(GND) GND 1 NC FAN8423D Pin Definitions Pine Number Pin Name I/O Pin Function Description 1 NC - No connection 2 A3 O Output (A3) 3 NC - No connection 4 A2 O Output (A2) 5 NC - No connection 6 NC - No connection 7 A1 O Output (A1) 8 GND - Ground 9 H1+ I Hall signal (H1+) 10 H1- I Hall signal (H1-) 11 H2+ I Hall signal (H2+) 12 H2- I Hall signal (H2-) 13 H3+ I Hall signal (H3+) 14 H3- I Hall signal (H3-) 15 VH I Hall bias 16 NC - No connection 17 PC1 - Phase compensation capacitor 18 SB I Short brake 19 FG3X O FG waveform (3X) 20 DIR O Rotational direction output 21 ECR I Output current control reference 22 EC I Output current control voltage 23 S/S I Power save (Start/Stop switch) 24 FG1X O FG waveform (1X) 25 VCC - Supply voltage (Signal) 26 NC - No connection 27 VM - Supply voltage (Motor) 28 CS1 - Output current detection 2 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 NC A3 NC A2 NC NC A1 3 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 H 3+ H 3- GND H 2- Absolute Values O utput C urren t Lim it Hall Short Brake + Direction C urrent S ense Am p H 2+ - FG3X Generator 22 Detector EC 23 H 1- S/S 24 Logic FG 1X 25 Reverse Rotation VCC 26 Commutation Selector Upper Distribu- NC 27 H 1+ Lower Distribu- VM 28 EC R D IR F G 3X SB PC 1 NC VH GND GND Start Stop FG1X Generator CS1 FAN8423D (KA3023D); PRELIMINARY Internal Block Diagram 21 20 19 18 17 16 15 TSD Hall Amp FAN8423D (KA3023D); PRELIMINARY Equivalent Circuits HALL INPUT DRIVER OUTPUT 27 9 28 10 1KΩ 50Ω 1KΩ 50Ω 11 12 13 14 2 TORQUE CONTROL INPUT 4 7 HALL BIAS INPUT 50Ω 5Ω + 21 15 50Ω - 22 100KΩ START/STOP INPUT 50Ω SHORT BRAKE INPUT 50Ω 40KΩ 23 1KΩ 18 30KΩ 20KΩ FG OUTPUT DIR OUTPUT Vcc Vcc 10KΩ 30KΩ 50Ω 50Ω 19 20 24 4 FAN8423D (KA3023D); PRELIMINARY Absolute Maximum Ratings (Ta = 25°C) Parameter Symbol Value Unit Maximum supply voltage (Signal) Maximum supply voltage (Motor) VCCmax 7 V VMmax 15 V PD 1.7note W Maximum output current IOmax 1.3 A Operating temperature range TOPR -25 ~ +75 °C Storage temperature range TSTG -55 ~ +150 °C Power dissipation NOTE: 1. When mounted on 50mm × 50 mm × 1mm PCB (Phenolic resin material) 2. Power dissipation is reduced 13.6 mV/°C for using above Ta=25°C 3. Do not exceed PD and SOA(Safe operating area). Power Dissipation Curve Pd [mW] 3,000 2,000 1,000 0 SOA 0 25 50 75 100 125 150 Ambient Temperature, Ta [°C] 175 Recommended Operating Conditions (Ta = 25°C) Parameter Symbol Min. Typ. Max. Unit Supply Voltage Vcc 4.5 5 5.5 V Motor Supply Voltage VM 3.5 12 14 V 5 FAN8423D (KA3023D); PRELIMINARY Electrical Characteristics (Unless otherwise specified, Ta = 25 °C, Vcc=5 V, VM=12 V) Parameter Symbol Condition Min. Typ. Max. Units Quiescent circuit current 1 Icc1 At stop mode - - 0.2 mA Quiescent circuit current 2 Icc2 At start mode - 5 10 mA START/STOP On voltage range VSSon Output driver ON 2.5 - Vcc V Off voltage range VSSoff Output driver OFF 0.0 - 1.0 V VHB IHB=20 mA 0.4 1.0 1.8 V IHA - - 0.5 2 uA Common-mode input range VHAR - 1.0 - 4.0 V Minimum input level VINH - 60 - - mVpp H1 hysteresis level VHYS - 5 20 40 mVpp Ecr Input voltage range ECR - 1.0 - 4.0 V Ec Input voltage range EC - 1.0 - 4.0 V HALL BIAS Hall bias voltage HALL AMP Hall bias current TORQUE CONTROL Offset voltage (-) ECoff- Ec=2.5 V -80 -50 -20 mV Offset voltage (+) ECoff+ Ec=2.5 V 20 50 80 mV Ec Input current ECin Ec=2.5 V - 0.3 3 uA Ecr Input current ECRin Ecr=2.5 V - 0.3 3 uA Input/output gain GEC Ec=2.5 V, Rcs=0.5 Ω 0.41 0.51 0.61 A/V FG output voltage (H) VFGh Ifg=-10 uA 4.5 4.9 - V FG output voltage (L) VFGl Ifg=10 uA FG - - 0.5 V - - 50 - % Io=-300 mA - 0.9 1.4 V Duty (reference value) OUTPUT BLOCK Saturation voltage (upper TR) VOH Saturation voltage (lower TR) VOL Torque limit current ITL Io=300 mA RCS=0.5 Ω - 0.4 0.7 V 560 700 840 mA DIRECTION DETECTOR DIR output voltage (H) VDIRh IFG=-10 uA 4.5 4.7 - V DIR output voltage (L) VDIRl IFG=10 uA - - 0.5 V SHORT BRAKE ON voltage range VSBon - 2.5 - Vcc V OFF voltage range VSBoff - 0 - 1.0 V 6 FAN8423D (KA3023D); PRELIMINARY Electrical Characteristics (Continued) Calculation of Gain & Torque Limit Current VM VM IO Current / Voltage Convertor − Vin EC ECR + − − Output V S RS Current sense + CS1 (Pin 28) Negative Feedback loop R1 U V − + + Gm Driver Power Transistors W + Absolute Values Commutation Distributor + Vmax − H1 VM Max. output current limiting 0.255 is GM times R1, is a fixed value within IC. 0.255 Gain = --------------- [ A ⁄ V ] RS Vmax (see above block diagram) is set at350mV. 350 [ mV ] Vmax Itl [ mA ] = ---------------- = -----------------------RS RS 7 H2 H3 IO FAN8423D (KA3023D); PRELIMINARY Application Information 1. TORQUE CONTROL & OUTPUT CURRENT CONTROL VM + Rcs Vcs VM Current Sense AMP Torque AMP Ecr + + - - Io Gain Controller Driver M ECR-EC TSD Ec 1) By amplifying the voltage difference between Ec and Ecr from Servo IC, the Torque Sense AMP produces the input (VAMP) for the Current Sense AMP. 2) The output current (IO) is converted into the voltage (VCS) through the sense resistor (RCS) and compared with the VAMP. By the negative feedback loop, the sensed output voltage, VCS is equal to the input VAMP. Therefore, the output current (IO) is linearly controlled by the input VAMP. 3) As a result, the signals, EC and ECR can control the velocity of the Motor by controlling the output current (IO) of the Driver. 4) The range of the torque voltage is as shown below. Current [mA] Reverse Rotation Forward 700 500 Ecoff- Ecoff+ 0.51[A/V] 6 -50m V 0 50m V The input range of ECR and EC is 1.0 V ~ 4 V ( RNF = 0.5[Ω] ) 8 ECR > Ec Forward rotation ECR < Ec Stop after detecting reverse rotation FAN8423D (KA3023D); PRELIMINARY 2. SHORT BRAKE MOTOR OFF Vcc 18 ON 2 1KΩ 4 7 OFF ON 20KΩ Pin # 18 Short Brake HIGH ON LOW OFF When the pick-up mechanism moves from the inner to the outer spindle of the CD, the Brake function of the reverse voltage is commonly employed to decrease the rotating velocity of the Spindle Motor. However, if the Spindle Motor rotates rapidly, the Brake function of the reverse voltage may produce more heat at the Drive IC. To remove this shortcoming and to enhance the braking efficiency, the Short Brake function is added to FAN8423D. When the Short Brake function is active, all upper Power TRs turn off and all lower Power TRs turn on. This slows down the motor. 3. START/STOP (POWER SAVE) MOTOR OFF Vcc Start 23 2 40KΩ 4 7 Stop OFF 30KΩ Pin # 23 Start/Stop HIGH OPERATE LOW STOP When Start/Stop function is active, all Power TRs turn off. 9 FAN8423D (KA3023D); PRELIMINARY 4. TSD (THERMAL SHUTDOWN) When the chip temperature rises up to about 175°C, the Q2 turns on so that the output driver shuts down. When the chip temperature falls off to about 150°C, then the Q2 turns off so that the driver is to operate normally. TSD has the temperature hysteresis of about 25°C. Gain Controller BIAS Q2 5. ROTATIONAL DIRECTION DETECTION Vcc H2+ + H2- - Rotation DIR 20 DIR Forward Low Reverse High 20 D Q CK H3+ + H3- - D-F/F 1) The forward and the reverse rotations of the CD are detected by using the D-F/F and the truth table as shown above. 2) The rotational direction of the CD can be explained by the output waveform of the Hall sensors. Let the three outputs of Hall sensors be H1, H2 and H3 respectively. When the spindle rotates in reverse direction, the Hall sensor output waveform are shown in Fig.(a). Thus the phases are in order H1→H2→H3 with a 120° phase difference. H1 H2 H3 (a) Reverse rotation On the other hand, if the spindle rotates in forward rotation, the phase relationship is H3→H2→H1 as shown in Fig.(b) 10 FAN8423D (KA3023D); PRELIMINARY H1 H2 H3 (b) Forward rotation Therefore, the output of the rotational direction detector is Low, when the spindle rotates forward, while HIGH as in the case of the reverse rotation. 6. REVERSE ROTATION PREVENTION EC + ECR - H2+ + H2- - H3+ + H3- - Current Sense Amp Low Active A Q D CK Gain Controller D-F/F Driver M 1) When the output of the OR Gate, A is LOW, it steers all the output current of the current sense Amp to the Gain Controller zero. The output current of the Driver becomes zero and the motor stops. 2) As in the state of the forward rotation, the D-F/F output, Q is HIGH and the motor rotates normally. At this state, if the control input is changed such that EC>ECR, then the motor rotates slowly by the reverse commutation in the Driver. When the motor rotates in reverse direction, the D-F/F output becomes Low and the OR Gate output, becomes LOW. This prevents the motor from rotating in reverse direction. The operation principle is shown in the table and the flow chart. Reverse Rotation Preventer Rotation H2 H3 D-F/F (Q) EC<ECR EC>ECR Forward H H→L H Forward - Reverse L H→L L - Brake and Stop 11 FAN8423D (KA3023D); PRELIMINARY Forward rotation at EC < ECR Rotating speed is decreased due to reverse torque at EC >ECR. (Motor still rotates forward) At the moment that the motor rotates in reverse, the reverse rotation preventer makes the output power transistor open. Rotating reverse at short time due to motor inertia Stop within 1/6 turn reverse rotating 7. FG OUTPUT H1H1+ 24 FG1X 19 FG3X H2H2+ H3H3+ 8. HALL SENSOR CONNECTION Vcc Vcc HALL 1 HALL 1 HALL 2 HALL 3 HALL 2 HALL 3 15 VH 15 VH 12 FAN8423D (KA3023D); PRELIMINARY 9. Connect a by-pass capacitor, 0.1µF between the supply voltage source Vcc 25 0.1uF 10. The heat radiation fin is connected to the internal GND of the package. 13 FAN8423D (KA3023D); PRELIMINARY Connect that fin to the external GND. 11. INPUT-OUTPUT TIMING CHART H1 + H2 + H3 + A1 output current (H1 -)+(H2 +) A1 output voltage A2 output current (H2 -)+(H3 +) A2 output voltage A3 output current (H3 -)+(H1 +) A3 output voltage 14 FAN8423D (KA3023D); PRELIMINARY Test Circuits 10uA 20mA V VM5 14 V VM3 13 5V 12V VR1 IM3 A IM2 A 15 VM VR5 VR3 VR2 10uA 10uA IM1 A 15 IM2 A Rcs 0.5Ω V VM6 V VM4 VM6 0.1uF 28 27 26 25 CS1 VM NC VCC 24 FG1X 23 22 21 20 19 SS EC ECR DIR A1 GND H1+ 7 8 18 17 16 15 FG3X SB PS1 NC VH H1- H2+ H2- H3+ H3- 10 11 12 13 14 FAN8423D A3 1 A2 2 3 4 5 6 9 IM4 SW1 VM8 V c a b SW2 c a SW3 V c b RL=5Ω a A V b RL=5Ω RL=5Ω SW13 a V b VM1 V VM2 12V 300mA 300mA 15 VR8 VR9 IM5 A IM6 A IM7 A IM8 A VR10 VR11 VR12 VR13 IM9 A FAN8423D (KA3023D); PRELIMINARY Typical Application circuits 0.5Ω 1 NC CS1 28 2 A3 VM 27 3 NC NC 26 4 A2 VCC 25 5 NC FG1X 24 6 NC SS 23 7 A1 EC 22 VM (12V) VCC (5V) ST SP 2.1V FAN8423D 8 GND ECR 21 9 H1+ DIR 20 10 H1− FG3X 19 11 H2+ SB 18 12 H2− PC1 17 13 H3+ NC 16 14 H3− VH 15 Servo Signal HALL 1 HALL 2 R2 0.1µF HALL 3 R1 16 28-SSOPH-375 MIN 0.05 0.002 2.20 ±0.20 0.087 ±0.008 #28 #14 #15 2.50 MAX 0.098 8° MAX0.10 MAX0.004 7.50 ±0.20 0.295 ±0.008 0~ +0.10 0.25 -0.05 +0.004 0.010 -0.002 0.80 ±0.20 0.031 ±0.008 0.40 ±0.10 0.016 ±0.004 0.80 0.031 10.00 ±0.30 0.394 ±0.012 9.53 0.375 18.40 ±0.20 0.724 ±0.008 18.80 MAX 0.740 ( 1.20 ) 0.047 #1 TRADEMARKS The following are registered and unregistered trademarks Fairchild Semiconductor owns or is authorized to use and is not intended to be an exhaustive list of all such trademarks. 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Fairchild Semiconductor reserves the right to make changes at any time without notice in order to improve design. No Identification Needed Full Production This datasheet contains final specifications. Fairchild Semiconductor reserves the right to make changes at any time without notice in order to improve design. Obsolete Not In Production This datasheet contains specifications on a product that has been discontinued by Fairchild semiconductor. The datasheet is printed for reference information only. Rev. F1