LTC4441/LTC4441-1 N-Channel MOSFET Gate Driver U FEATURES DESCRIPTIO ■ The LTC®4441/LTC4441-1 is an N-channel MOSFET gate driver that can supply up to 6A of peak output current. The chip is designed to operate with a supply voltage of up to 25V and has an adjustable linear regulator for the gate drive. The gate drive voltage can be programmed between 5V and 8V. ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ 6A Peak Output Current Wide VIN Supply Range: 5V to 25V Adjustable Gate Drive Voltage: 5V to 8V Logic Input can be Driven Below Ground 30ns Propagation Delay Supply Independent CMOS/TTL Input Thresholds Undervoltage Lockout Low Shutdown Current: <12µA Overtemperature Protection Adjustable Blanking Time for MOSFET’s Current Sense Signal (LTC4441) Available in SO-8 and 10-Lead MSOP (Exposed Pad) Packages The LTC4441/LTC4441-1 features a logic threshold driver input. This input can be driven below ground or above the driver supply. A dual function control input is provided to disable the driver or to force the chip into shutdown mode with <12µA of supply current. Undervoltage lockout and overtemperature protection circuits will disable the driver output when activated. The LTC4441 also comes with an open-drain output that provides adjustable leading edge blanking to prevent ringing when sensing the source current of the power MOSFETs. U APPLICATIO S ■ ■ ■ ■ Power Supplies Motor/Relay Control Line Drivers Charge Pumps The LTC4441 is available in a thermally enhanced 10-lead MSOP package. The LTC4441-1 is the SO-8 version without the blanking function. , LTC and LT are registered trademarks of Linear Technology Corporation. All other trademarks are the property of their respective owners. Protected by U.S. Patents including 6677210. U TYPICAL APPLICATIO D1 L1 10µH 20A MBR10100 + R5 R1 330k VIN FB SHUTDOWN Q2 R6 R2 86.6k DRVCC SGND OUT CVCC 10µF X5R LTC4441 EN/SHDN LTC3803 SWITCHING CONTROLLER GATE SENSE+ GND IN + COUT VOUT 52V 2A TA = 25°C 180 DRVCC = 5V 160 Si7370 ×2 PGND BLANK RISE/FALL Time vs CLOAD 200 R3 5mΩ R7 RBLANK 22µF 25V X7R RISE/FALL TIME (ns) VIN 6V TO 24V R4 100Ω 140 120 100 RISE TIME 80 60 40 FALL TIME 20 R8 511k FB R9 8.06k 0 0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40 45 50 CLOAD (nF) 4441 TA01b 4441 TA01 44411f 1 LTC4441/LTC4441-1 U W W W ABSOLUTE MAXIMUM RATINGS (Note 1) Supply Voltage VIN ...................................................................... 28V DRVCC .................................................................. 9V Input Voltage IN .......................................................... –15V to 15V FB, EN/SHDN ........................ –0.3V to DRVCC + 0.3V RBLANK, BLANK (LTC4441 Only) .......... –0.3V to 5V OUT Output Current ............................................ 100mA Operating Temperature Range (Note 2) .. – 40°C to 85°C Junction Temperature (Note 8) ............................ 125°C Storage Temperature Range ................. – 65°C to 150°C Lead Temperature (Soldering, 10 sec).................. 300°C W U U PACKAGE/ORDER INFORMATION ORDER PART NUMBER TOP VIEW PGND BLANK RBLANK SGND IN 1 2 3 4 5 11 10 9 8 7 6 OUT DRVCC VIN FB EN/SHDN MSE PACKAGE 10-LEAD PLASTIC MSOP TJMAX = 125°C, θJA = 38°C/W (NOTE 3) EXPOSED PAD (PIN 11) IS GND MUST BE SOLDERED TO PCB PGND 1 8 OUT SGND 2 7 DRVCC IN 3 6 VIN EN/SHDN 4 5 FB LTC4441EMSE LTC4441IMSE MSE PART MARKING ORDER PART NUMBER TOP VIEW LTBJQ LTBJP LTC4441ES8-1 LTC4441IS8-1 S8 PART MARKING S8 PACKAGE 8-LEAD PLASTIC SO 44411 4441I1 TJMAX = 125°C, θJA = 150°C/W Consult LTC Marketing for parts specified with wider operating temperature ranges. ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS The ● indicates specifications which apply over the full operating temperature range, otherwise specifications are at TA = 25°C. VIN = 7.5V, DRVCC = 5V, unless otherwise specified. SYMBOL PARAMETER VDRVCC Driver Supply Programmable Range IVIN VIN Supply Current CONDITIONS MIN ● EN/SHDN = 0V, IN = 0V EN/SHDN = 5V, IN = 0V fIN = 100kHz, COUT = 4.7nF (Note 4) ● ● VIN = 7.5V ● TYP 5 MAX 8 UNITS V 5 250 3 12 500 6 µA µA mA 1.21 1.31 V 9 40 DRVCC Regulator VFB Regulator Feedback Voltage 1.11 ∆VDRVCC(LINE) Regulator Line Regulation VIN = 7.5V to 25V mV ∆VDRVCC(LOAD) Load Regulation Load = 0mA to 40mA –0.1 % VDROPOUT Regulator Dropout Voltage Load = 40mA 370 mV VUVLO FB Pin UVLO Voltage Rising Edge Falling Edge 1.09 0.97 V V VIH IN Pin High Input Threshold Rising Edge ● 2 2.4 2.8 V VIL IN Pin Low Input Threshold Falling Edge ● 1 1.4 1.8 V VIH-VIL IN Pin Input Voltage Hysteresis Rising-Falling Edge IINP IN Pin Input Current VIN = ±10V ● ±0.01 ±10 µA IEN/SHDN EN/SHDN Pin Input Current VEN/SHDN = 9V ● ±0.01 ±1 µA VSHDN EN/SHDN Pin Shutdown Threshold Falling Edge VEN EN/SHDN Pin Enable Threshold Rising Edge Falling Edge Input VEN(HYST) EN/SHDN Pin Enable Hysteresis Rising-Falling Edge 1 V 0.45 ● 1.036 1.21 1.09 0.12 V 1.145 V V V 44411f 2 LTC4441/LTC4441-1 ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS The ● indicates specifications which apply over the full operating temperature range, otherwise specifications are at TA = 25°C. VIN = 7.5V, DRVCC = 5V, unless otherwise specified. SYMBOL PARAMETER CONDITIONS MIN TYP MAX 0.35 0.8 UNITS RONL Driver Output Pull-Down Resistance IOUT = 100mA IPU Driver Output Peak Pull-Up Current DRVCC = 8V IPD Driver Output Peak Pull-Down Current DRVCC = 8V 6 A RON(BLANK) BLANK Pin Pull-Down Resistance IN = 0V, IBLANK = 100mA LTC4441 Only 11 Ω VRBLANK RBLANK Pin Voltage RBLANK = 200kΩ LTC4441 Only 1.3 V COUT = 4.7nF (Note 5) 30 ns Output ● Ω 6 A Switching Timing tPHL Driver Output High-Low Propagation Delay tPLH Driver Output Low-High Propagation Delay COUT = 4.7nF (Note 5) 36 ns tr Driver Output Rise Time COUT = 4.7nF (Note 5) 13 ns tf Driver Output Fall Time COUT = 4.7nF (Note 5) 8 ns tBLANK Driver Output High to BLANK Pin High RBLANK = 200kΩ (Note 6) 200 ns Note 1: Absolute Maximum Ratings are those values beyond which the life of a device may be impaired. Note 2: The LTC4441E/LTC4441E-1 are guaranteed to meet performance specifications from 0°C to 70°C. Specifications over the –40°C to 85°C operating temperature range are assured by design, characterization and correlation with statistical process controls. The LTC4441I/LTC4441I-1 are guaranteed and tested over the – 40°C to 85°C operating temperature range. Note 3: Failure to solder the Exposed Pad of the MSE package to the PC board will result in a thermal resistance much higher than 38°C/W. Note 4: Supply current in normal operation is dominated by the current needed to charge and discharge the external power MOSFET gate. This current will vary with supply voltage, switching frequency and the external MOSFETs used. Note 5: Rise and fall times are measured using 10% and 90% levels. Delay times are measured from 50% of input to 20%/80% levels at driver output. Note 6: Blanking time is measured from 50% of OUT leading edge to 10% of BLANK with a 1kΩ pull-up at BLANK pin. LTC4441 only. Note 7: Guaranteed by design, not subject to test. Note 8: This IC includes overtemperature protection that is intended to protect the device during momentary overload conditions. The junction temperature will exceed 125°C when overtemperature protection is active. Continuous operation above the maximum operating junction temperature may impair device reliability. U W TYPICAL PERFOR A CE CHARACTERISTICS IN Low Threshold Voltage vs Temperature IN High Threshold Voltage vs Temperature 1.8 2.8 1.26 1.6 1.5 1.4 1.3 1.2 2.6 2.5 2.4 2.3 2.2 1.1 2.1 1.0 –50 2.0 –50 75 50 25 TEMPERATURE (°C) 0 100 125 4441 G01 EN PIN INPUT THRESHOLD VOLTAGE (V) VIN = 7.5V 2.7 DRVCC = 5V IN PIN INPUT THRESHOLD (V) IN PIN INPUT THRESHOLD (V) VIN = 7.5V 1.7 DRVCC = 5V –25 EN Pin Input Threshold Voltage vs Temperature –25 75 50 25 TEMPERATURE (°C) 0 100 125 4441 G02 VIN = 7.5V DRVCC = 5V 1.24 1.22 1.20 RISING EDGE 1.18 1.16 1.14 1.12 FALLING EDGE 1.10 1.08 1.06 1.04 –50 –25 0 50 75 25 TEMPERATURE (°C) 100 125 4441 G03 44411f 3 LTC4441/LTC4441-1 U W TYPICAL PERFOR A CE CHARACTERISTICS FB Pin UVLO Threshold vs Temperature 1.16 1.12 1.08 RISING EDGE 1.04 1.00 0.96 FALLING EDGE 0.92 0.88 0.84 –50 –25 0 50 75 25 TEMPERATURE (°C) 100 5.50 0.70 5.40 VIN = 7.5V 0.75 DRVCC = 5V R1 = 330k 5.45 R2 = 100k 0.65 0.60 RISING EDGE 0.55 0.50 0.45 0 50 75 25 TEMPERATURE (°C) 100 5.00 –50 –25 0 50 75 25 TEMPERATURE (°C) 4441 G06 DRVCC DROPOUT VOLTAGE (mV) DRVCC (V) 125 1000 5.15 5.10 5.10 100 DRVCC Dropout Voltage vs Temperature 5.20 5.15 5.05 VIN = 7.5V 900 DRVCC = 5V = 40mA I 800 LOAD 700 600 500 400 300 200 100 5.05 0 5.00 20 40 60 80 100 120 140 160 180 200 ILOAD (mA) 0 5 10 15 20 25 0 –50 30 –25 VIN (V) 4441 G07 0 50 75 25 TEMPERATURE (°C) tPLH, tPHL vs DRVCC 0.8 60 VIN = 7.5V 0.7 DRVCC = 5V 100 125 4441 G09 4441 G08 OUT Pin Pull-Down Resistance vs Temperature 60 TA = 25°C CLOAD = 4.7nF tPLH, tPHL vs Temperature DRVCC = 5V CLOAD = 4.7nF 50 50 0.5 0.4 0.3 40 tPLH, tPHL (ns) 0.6 tPLH, tPHL (ns) OUT PIN PULL-DOWN RESISTANCE (Ω) VIN = 7.5V 5.15 125 TA = 25°C R1 = 330k 5.25 R2 = 100k VIN = 7.5V 5.45 TA = 25°C R1 = 330k 5.40 R2 = 100k 5.35 DRVCC (V) 5.20 5.05 5.30 5.50 5.00 VIN = 25V 5.10 DRVCC Line Regulation 5.20 5.25 4441 G05 DRVCC Load Regulation 5.25 5.30 0.35 4441 G04 5.30 5.35 FALLING EDGE 0.40 0.30 –50 –25 125 DRVCC Voltage vs Temperature 0.80 DRVCC VOLTAGE (V) VIN = 7.5V SD PIN INPUT THRESHOLD VOLTAGE (V) FB PIN UVLO THRESHOLD VOLTAGE (V) 1.20 SD Pin Input Threshold Voltage vs Temperature tPLH 30 tPHL tPLH 40 30 tPHL 20 20 10 10 0.2 0.1 0 –50 –25 0 50 75 25 TEMPERATURE (°C) 100 125 4441 G10 0 4.5 5.0 5.5 6.0 6.5 7.0 7.5 8.0 8.5 9.0 DRVCC (V) 4441 G11 0 –50 –25 0 50 75 25 TEMPERATURE (°C) 100 125 4441 G12 44411f 4 LTC4441/LTC4441-1 U W TYPICAL PERFOR A CE CHARACTERISTICS tPLH, tPHL vs CLOAD 30 TA = 25°C 90 DRVCC = 5V 30 TA = 25°C CLOAD = 4.7nF 60 50 tPHL 40 30 RISE/FALL TIME (ns) 70 RISE/FALL TIME (ns) tPLH DRVCC = 5V CLOAD = 4.7nF 25 25 80 tPLH, tPHL (ns) RISE/FALL Time vs Temperature RISE/FALL Time vs DRVCC 100 20 15 RISE TIME 10 FALL TIME 20 RISE TIME 15 10 FALL TIME 20 5 5 0 4.5 5.0 5.5 6.0 6.5 7.0 7.5 8.0 8.5 9.0 DRVCC (V) 0 –50 10 0 0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40 45 50 CLOAD (nF) 4441 G13 RISE/FALL Time vs CLOAD Blanking Time vs RBLANK BLANKING TIME (ns) 100 RISE TIME 80 60 VIN = 7.5V 240 DRVCC = 5V LTC4441 230 350 300 250 200 150 220 210 200 190 180 170 20 50 160 0 0 FALL TIME 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40 45 50 CLOAD (nF) 100 0 200 300 400 500 RBLANK (kΩ) 600 VIN Operating Supply Current vs Temperature –25 0 50 75 25 TEMPERATURE (°C) 100 125 4441 G18 VIN Standby Supply Current vs Temperature 500 15 EN = 5V 450 IN = 0V EN = 0V 14 IN = 0V 13 400 350 VIN = 25V 300 250 VIN = 7.5V 200 150 100 12 VIN = 25V 11 10 9 8 7 VIN = 7.5V 6 5 50 0 –50 –25 150 –50 700 4441 G17 4441 G16 VIN SUPPLY CURRENT (µA) 0 125 Blanking Time vs Temperature 100 40 VIN SUPPLY CURRENT (µA) RISE/FALL TIME (ns) 160 100 250 TA = 25°C 450 DRVCC = 5V LTC4441 400 120 50 75 25 TEMPERATURE (°C) 4441 G15 500 TA = 25°C 180 DRVCC = 5V 140 0 4441 G14 BLANKING TIME (ns) 200 –25 4 0 50 75 25 TEMPERATURE (°C) 100 125 4441 G19 3 –50 –25 0 50 75 25 TEMPERATURE (°C) 100 125 4441 G20 44411f 5 LTC4441/LTC4441-1 U W TYPICAL PERFOR A CE CHARACTERISTICS IVIN vs fIN IVIN vs CLOAD 50 60 TA = 25°C 45 CLOAD = 4.7nF 50 40 35 40 DRVCC = 5V 30 IVIN (mA) IVIN (mA) TA = 25°C fIN = 100kHz 25 20 DRVCC = 9V 30 20 15 DRVCC = 9V 10 DRVCC = 5V 10 5 0 0 100 200 300 400 500 600 700 800 900 1000 fIN (kHz) 0 0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40 45 50 CLOAD (nF) 4441 G21 U U U PI FU CTIO S 4441 G22 MSOP/SO-8 PGND (Pin 1/Pin 1): Driver Ground. Connect the DRVCC bypass capacitor directly to this pin, as close as possible to the IC. In addition, connect the PGND and SGND pins together close to the IC, and then connect this node to the source of the power MOSFET (or current sense resistor) with as short and wide a PCB trace as possible. EN/SHDN (Pin 6/Pin 4): Enable/Shutdown Input. Pulling this pin above 1.21V allows the driver to switch. Pulling this pin below 1.09V forces the driver output to go low. Pulling this pin below 0.45V forces the LTC4441/ LTC4441-1 into shutdown mode; the DRVCC regulator turns off and the supply current drops below 12µA. BLANK (Pin 2/NA): Current Sense Blanking Output. Use this pin to assert a blanking time in the power MOSFET’s source current sense signal. The LTC4441 pulls this open-drain output to SGND if the driver output is low. The output becomes high impedance after a programmable blanking time from the driver leading edge output. This blanking time can be adjusted with the RBLANK pin.* FB (Pin 7/Pin 5): DRVCC Regulator Feedback Input. Connect this pin to the center tap of an external resistive divider between DRVCC and SGND to program the DRVCC regulator output voltage. To ensure loop stability, use the value of 330kΩ for the top resistor, R1. RBLANK (Pin 3/NA): Blanking Time Adjust Input. Connect a resistor from this pin to SGND to set the blanking time. A small resistor value gives a shorter delay. Leave this pin floating if the BLANK pin is not used.* SGND (Pin 4/Pin 2): Signal Ground. Ground return for the DRVCC regulator and low power circuitry. IN (Pin 5/Pin 3): Driver Logic Input. This is the noninverting driver input under normal operating conditions. *Available only on the lo-lead version of the LTC4441. VIN (Pin 8/Pin 6): Main Supply Input. This pin powers the DRVCC linear regulator. Bypass this pin to SGND with a 1µF ceramic, tantalum or other low ESR capacitor in close proximity to the LTC4441/LTC4441-1. DRVCC (Pin 9/Pin 7): Linear Regulator Output. This output pin powers the driver and the control circuitry. Bypass this pin to PGND using a 10µF ceramic, low ESR (X5R or X7R) capacitor in close proximity to the LTC4441/LTC4441-1. OUT (Pin 10/Pin 8): Driver Output. Exposed Pad (Pin 11/NA): Ground. The Exposed Pad must be soldered to the PCB ground. 44411f 6 LTC4441/LTC4441-1 W BLOCK DIAGRA VIN BIAS 1.21V – + FB MREG REG UVLO DRVCC 1.09V IN Q1 INB P1 OUT EN/SHDN N1 PGND EN THERMAL SHUTDOWN 1.21V LEADING EDGE DELAY RBLANK BLANK SHDN SGND SHUTDOWN MB 0.45V FOR 10-LEAD LTC4441 ONLY 4441 BD U W U U APPLICATIO S I FOR ATIO Overview Power MOSFETs generally account for the majority of power lost in a converter. It is important to choose not only the type of MOSFET used, but also its gate drive circuitry. The LTC4441/LTC4441-1 is designed to drive an N-channel power MOSFET with little efficiency loss. The LTC4441/ LTC4441-1 can deliver up to 6A of peak current using a combined NPN Bipolar and MOSFET output stage. This helps to turn the power MOSFET fully “on” or “off” with a very brief transition region. The LTC4441/LTC4441-1 includes a programmable linear regulator to regulate the gate drive voltage. This regulator provides the flexibility to use either standard threshold or logic level MOSFETs. DRVCC Regulator An internal, P-channel low dropout linear regulator provides the DRVCC supply to power the driver and the predriver logic circuitry as shown in Figure 1. The regulator output voltage can be programmed between 5V and 8V with an external resistive divider between DRVCC and SGND and a center tap connected to the FB pin. The regulator needs an R1 value of around 330k to ensure loop 44411f 7 LTC4441/LTC4441-1 U W U U APPLICATIO S I FOR ATIO VIN LTC4441 1.21V R1 330k – + FB REG MREG R2 UVLO ENABLE DRIVER 1.09V DRVCC CVCC OUT DRIVER PGND 4441 F01 Figure 1. DRVCC Regulator stability; the value of R2 can be varied to achieve the required DRVCC voltage: R2 = signal to drive standard power MOSFETs. The LTC4441/ LTC4441-1 contains an internal voltage regulator that biases the input buffer, allowing the input thresholds (VIH = 2.4V, VIL = 1.4V) to be independent of the programmed driver supply, DRVCC, or the input supply, VIN. The 1V hysteresis between VIH and VIL eliminates false triggering due to noise during switching transitions. However, care should be taken to isolate this pin from any noise pickup, especially in high frequency, high voltage applications. The LTC4441/LTC4441-1 input buffer has high input impedance and draws negligible input current, simplifying the drive circuitry required for the input. This input can withstand voltages up to 15V above and below ground. This makes the chip more tolerant to ringing on the input digital signal caused by parasitic inductance. Driver Output Stage A simplified version of the LTC4441/LTC4441-1’s driver output stage is shown in Figure 2. 406k DRVCC – 1.21V VIN DRVCC Q1 The DRVCC regulator can supply up to 100mA and is shortcircuit protected. The output must be bypassed to the PGND pin in very close proximity to the IC pins with a minimum of 10µF ceramic, low ESR (X5R or X7R) capacitor. Good bypassing is necessary as high transient supply currents are required by the driver. If the input supply voltage, VIN, is close to the required gate drive voltage, this regulator can be disabled by connecting the DRVCC and FB pins to VIN. The LTC4441/LTC4441-1 monitors the FB pin for DRVCC’s UVLO condition (UVLO in Figure 1). During power-up, the driver output is held low until the DRVCC voltage reaches 90% of the programmed value. Thereafter, if the DRVCC voltage drops more than 20% below the programmed value, the driver output is forced low. Logic Input Stage The LTC4441/LTC4441-1 driver employs TTL/CMOS compatible input thresholds that allow a low voltage digital LOAD INDUCTOR LTC4441 P1 OUT N1 RO N2 DRVCC CGD CGS POWER MOSFET N3 PGND 4441 F02 Figure 2. Driver Output Stage The pull-up device is the combination of an NPN transistor, Q1, and a P-channel MOSFET, P1. This provides both the ability to swing to rail (DRVCC) and deliver large peak charging currents. The pull-down device is an N-channel MOSFET, N1, with a typical on resistance of 0.35Ω. The low impedance of N1 provides fast turn-off of the external power MOSFET and holds the power MOSFET’s gate low when its drain voltage switches. When the power MOSFET’s gate is pulled low (gate shorted to source through N1) by the LTC4441/ LTC4441-1, its drain voltage is pulled high by its load (e.g., 44411f 8 LTC4441/LTC4441-1 U W U U APPLICATIO S I FOR ATIO inductor or resistor). The slew rate of the drain voltage causes current to flow to the MOSFET’s gate through its gate-to-drain capacitance. If the MOSFET driver does not have sufficient sink current capability (low output impedance), the current through the power MOSFET’s CGD can momentarily pull the gate high and turn the MOSFET back on. A similar situation occurs during power-up when VIN is ramping up with the DRVCC regulator output still low. N1 is off and the driver output, OUT, may momentarily pull high through the power MOSFET’s CGD, turning on the power MOSFET. The N-channel MOSFETs N2 and N3, shown in Figure 2, prevent the driver output from going high in this situation. If DRVCC is low, N3 is off. If OUT is pulled high through the power MOSFET’s CGD, the gate of N2 gets pulled high through RO. This turns N2 on, which then pulls OUT low. Once DRVCC is >1V, N3 turns on to hold the N2 gate low, thus disabling N2. The predriver that drives Q1, P1 and N1 uses an adaptive method to minimize cross-conduction currents. This is done with a 5ns nonoverlapping transition time. N1 is fully turned off before Q1 is turned on and vice-versa using this 5ns buffer time. This minimizes any cross-conduction currents while Q1 and N1 are switching on and off without affecting their rise and fall times. Thermal Shutdown The LTC4441/LTC4441-1 has a thermal detector that disables the DRVCC regulator and pulls the driver output low when activated. If the junction temperature exceeds 150°C, the driver pull-up devices, Q1 and P1, turn off while the pull-down device, N1, turns on briskly for 200ns to quickly pull the output low. The thermal shutdown circuit has 20°C of hysteresis. driver starts switching according to the input logic signal. The driver enable comparator has a small hysteresis of 120mV. Blanking In some switcher applications, a current sense resistor is placed between the low side power MOSFET’s source terminal and ground to sense the current in the MOSFET. With this configuration, the switching controller must incorporate some timing interval to blank the ringing on the current sense signal immediately after the MOSFET is turned on. This ringing is caused by the parasitic inductance and capacitance of the PCB trace and the MOSFET. The duration of the ringing is thus dependent on the PCB layout and the components used and can be longer than the blanking interval provided by the controller. The 10-Lead LTC4441 includes an open-drain output that can be used to extend this blanking interval. The 8-Lead LTC4441-1 does not have this blanking function. Figure 3 shows the BLANK pin connection. The BLANK pin is connected directly to the switching controller’s SENSE+ input. Figure 4 shows the blanking waveforms. If the driver input is low, the external power MOSFET is off and MB turns on to hold SENSE+ low. If the driver input goes high, the power MOSFET turns on after the driver’s propagation delay. MB remains on, attenuating the ringing seen by the controller’s SENSE+ input. After the programmed blanking time, MB turns off to enable the current sense VIN LOAD INDUCTOR LTC4441 OUT DRIVER POWER MOSFET R4 LEADING EDGE DELAY TO SWITCHING CONTROLLER’S CURRENT SENSE INPUT R3 Enable/Shutdown Input The EN/SHDN pin serves two functions. Pulling this pin below 0.45V forces the LTC4441/LTC4441-1 into shutdown mode. In shutdown mode, the internal circuitry and the DRVCC regulator are off and the supply current drops to <12µA. If the input voltage is between 0.45V and 1.21V, the DRVCC regulator and internal circuit power up but the driver output stays low. If the input goes above 1.21V, the SENSE+ SENSE– BLANK MB SGND RBLANK PGND 4441 F03 KEEP THIS TRACE SHORT R7 Figure 3. Blanking Circuit 44411f 9 LTC4441/LTC4441-1 U W U U APPLICATIO S I FOR ATIO where: IN IQ = LTC4441/LTC4441-1 static quiescent current, typically 250µA OUT f = Logic input switching frequency POWER MOSFET’s CURRENT QG = Power MOSFET total gate charge at corresponding VGS voltage equal to DRVCC POWER MOSFET’s SOURCE TERMINAL VIN = LTC4441/LTC4441-1 input supply voltage TJ = Junction temperature MB GATE TA = Ambient temperature BLANK/SENSE+ 4441 F04 BLANKING TIME Figure 4. Blanking Waveforms signal. MB is designed to turn on and turn off at a controlled slew rate. This is to prevent the gate switching noise from coupling into the current sense signal. The blanking interval can be adjusted using resistor R7 connected to the RBLANK pin. A small resistance value gives a shorter interval with a default minimum of 75ns. The value of the resistor R4 and the on-resistance of MB (typically 11Ω) form a resistive divider attenuating the ringing. R4 needs to be large for effective blanking, but not so large as to cause delay to the sense signal. A resistance value of 1k to 10k is recommended. For optimum performance, the LTC4441/LTC4441-1 should be placed as close as possible to the power MOSFET and current sense resistor, R3. Power Dissipation To ensure proper operation and long-term reliability, the LTC4441/LTC4441-1 must not operate beyond its maximum temperature rating. The junction temperature can be calculated by: IQ(TOT) = IQ + f • QG PD = VIN • (IQ + f • QG) TJ = TA + PD • θJA θJA = Junction-to-ambient thermal resistance. The 10-pin MSOP package has a thermal resistance of θJA = 38°C/W. The total supply current, IQ(TOT), consists of the LTC4441/ LTC4441-1’s static quiescent current, IQ, and the current required to drive the gate of the power MOSFET, with the latter usually much higher than the former. The dissipated power, PD, includes the efficiency loss of the DRVCC regulator. With a programmed DRVCC, a high VIN results in higher efficiency loss. As an example, consider an application with VIN = 12V. The switching frequency is 300kHz and the maximum ambient temperature is 70°C. The power MOSFET chosen is three pieces of IRFB31N20D, which has a maximum RDS(ON) of 82mΩ (at room temperature) and a typical total gate charge of 70nC (the temperature coefficient of the gate charge is low). IQ(TOT) = 500µA + 210nC • 300kHz = 63.5mA PIC = 12V • 63.5mA = 0.762W TJ = 70°C + 38°C/W • 0.762W = 99°C This demonstrates how significant the gate charge current can be when compared to the LTC4441/LTC4441-1’s static quiescent current. To prevent the maximum junction temperature from being exceeded, the input supply current must be checked when switching at high VIN. A tradeoff between the operating frequency and the size of the power MOSFET may be necessary to maintain a reliable LTC4441/LTC4441-1 junction temperature. Prior to lowering the operating frequency, however, be sure to 44411f 10 LTC4441/LTC4441-1 U W U U APPLICATIO S I FOR ATIO check with power MOSFET manufacturers for their innovations on low QG, low RDS(ON) devices. Power MOSFET manufacturing technologies are continually improving, with newer and better performing devices being introduced. PC Board Layout Checklist When laying out the printed circuit board, the following checklist should be used to ensure proper operation of the LTC4441/LTC4441-1: A. Mount the bypass capacitors as close as possible between the DRVCC and PGND pins and between the VIN and SGND pins. The PCB trace loop areas should be tightened as much as possible to reduce inductance. B. Use a low inductance, low impedance ground plane to reduce any ground drop. Remember that the LTC4441/ LTC4441-1 switches 6A peak current and any significant ground drop will degrade signal integrity. C. Keep the PCB ground trace between the LTC4441/ LTC4441-1 ground pins (PGND and SGND) and the external current sense resistor as short and wide as possible. D. Plan the ground routing carefully. Know where the large load switching current paths are. Maintain separate ground return paths for the input pin and output pin to avoid sharing small-signal ground with large load ground return. Terminate these two ground traces only at the GND pin of the driver (STAR network). E. Keep the copper trace between the driver output pin and the load short and wide. F. Place the small-signal components away from the high frequency switching nodes. These components include the resistive networks connected to the FB, RBLANK and EN/SHDN pins. U PACKAGE DESCRIPTIO MSE Package 10-Lead Plastic MSOP (Reference LTC DWG # 05-08-1663) BOTTOM VIEW OF EXPOSED PAD OPTION 2.794 ± 0.102 (.110 ± .004) 5.23 (.206) MIN 0.889 ± 0.127 (.035 ± .005) 1 2.06 ± 0.102 (.081 ± .004) 1.83 ± 0.102 (.072 ± .004) 2.083 ± 0.102 3.20 – 3.45 (.082 ± .004) (.126 – .136) 10 0.254 (.010) DETAIL “A” 0.50 0.305 ± 0.038 (.0197) (.0120 ± .0015) BSC TYP RECOMMENDED SOLDER PAD LAYOUT 0° – 6° TYP GAUGE PLANE 0.53 ± 0.152 (.021 ± .006) DETAIL “A” 0.18 (.007) SEATING PLANE 1.10 (.043) MAX 0.17 – 0.27 (.007 – .011) TYP 0.50 (.0197) NOTE: BSC 1. DIMENSIONS IN MILLIMETER/(INCH) 2. DRAWING NOT TO SCALE 3. DIMENSION DOES NOT INCLUDE MOLD FLASH, PROTRUSIONS OR GATE BURRS. MOLD FLASH, PROTRUSIONS OR GATE BURRS SHALL NOT EXCEED 0.152mm (.006") PER SIDE 4. DIMENSION DOES NOT INCLUDE INTERLEAD FLASH OR PROTRUSIONS. INTERLEAD FLASH OR PROTRUSIONS SHALL NOT EXCEED 0.152mm (.006") PER SIDE 5. LEAD COPLANARITY (BOTTOM OF LEADS AFTER FORMING) SHALL BE 0.102mm (.004") MAX 0.86 (.034) REF 0.127 ± 0.076 (.005 ± .003) 3.00 ± 0.102 (.118 ± .004) (NOTE 3) 10 9 8 7 6 0.497 ± 0.076 (.0196 ± .003) REF 3.00 ± 0.102 (.118 ± .004) (NOTE 4) 4.90 ± 0.152 (.193 ± .006) MSOP (MSE) 0603 1 2 3 4 5 44411f Information furnished by Linear Technology Corporation is believed to be accurate and reliable. However, no responsibility is assumed for its use. Linear Technology Corporation makes no representation that the interconnection of its circuits as described herein will not infringe on existing patent rights. 11 LTC4441/LTC4441-1 U PACKAGE DESCRIPTIO S8 Package 8-Lead Plastic Small Outline (Narrow .150 Inch) (Reference LTC DWG # 05-08-1610) .189 – .197 (4.801 – 5.004) NOTE 3 .045 ±.005 .050 BSC 8 .245 MIN 7 6 5 .160 ±.005 .150 – .157 (3.810 – 3.988) NOTE 3 .228 – .244 (5.791 – 6.197) .030 ±.005 TYP 1 RECOMMENDED SOLDER PAD LAYOUT .010 – .020 × 45° (0.254 – 0.508) .008 – .010 (0.203 – 0.254) 2 .053 – .069 (1.346 – 1.752) 0°– 8° TYP .016 – .050 (0.406 – 1.270) NOTE: 1. DIMENSIONS IN .014 – .019 (0.355 – 0.483) TYP INCHES (MILLIMETERS) 2. DRAWING NOT TO SCALE 3. THESE DIMENSIONS DO NOT INCLUDE MOLD FLASH OR PROTRUSIONS. MOLD FLASH OR PROTRUSIONS SHALL NOT EXCEED .006" (0.15mm) 3 4 .004 – .010 (0.101 – 0.254) .050 (1.270) BSC SO8 0303 RELATED PARTS PART NUMBER DESCRIPTION COMMENTS LTC1154 High Side Micropower MOSFET Driver Internal Charge Pump, 4.5V to 48V Supply Range LTC1155 Dual Micropower High/Low Side Driver Internal Charge Pump, 4.5V to 18V Supply Range LT 1161 Quad Protected High Side MOSFET Driver 8V to 48V Supply Range, tON = 200ms, tOFF = 28ms LTC1163 Triple 1.8V to 6V High Side MOSFET Driver 1.8V to 48V Supply Range, tON = 95ms, tOFF = 45ms LTC1693 High Speed Single/Dual N-Channel MOSFET Driver CMOS Compatible Input, VCC Range: 4.5V to 12V LTC3900 Synchronous Rectifier Driver for Forward Converter Pulse Transformer Synchronization Input LTC3901 Secondary Side Synchronous Driver for Push-Pull and Full-Bridge Converter Gate Drive Transformer Synchronous Input LTC4440 High Speed, High Voltage, High Side Gate Driver Wide Operating VIN Range: Up to 80V DC, 100V Transient ® 44411f 12 Linear Technology Corporation LT/TP 1104 1K • PRINTED IN THE USA 1630 McCarthy Blvd., Milpitas, CA 95035-7417 (408) 432-1900 ● FAX: (408) 434-0507 ● www.linear.com © LINEAR TECHNOLOGY CORPORATION 2004