PD - 94365B IRF6604 HEXFET® l Application Specific MOSFETs l Ideal for CPU Core DC-DC Converters l Low Conduction Losses l Low Switching Losses l Low Profile (<0.7 mm) l Dual Sided Cooling Compatible l Compatible with existing Surface Mount Techniques Power MOSFET VDSS RDS(on) max Qg 30V 11.5mΩ@VGS = 7.0V 13mΩ@VGS = 4.5V 17nC DirectFET ISOMETRIC Description The IRF6604 combines the latest HEXFET® Power MOSFET Silicon technology with the advanced DirectFETTM packaging to achieve the lowest on-state resistance charge product in a package that has the footprint of an SO-8 and only 0.7 mm profile. The DirectFET package is compatible with existing layout geometries used in power applications, PCB assembly equipment and vapor phase, infra-red or convection soldering techniques. The DirectFET package allows dual sided cooling to maximize thermal transfer in power systems, IMPROVING previous best thermal resistance by 80%. The IRF6604 balances both low resistance and low charge along with ultra low package inductance to reduce both conduction and switching losses. The reduced total losses make this product ideal for high efficiency DC-DC converters that power the latest generation of processors operating at higher frequencies. The IRF6604 has been optimized for parameters that are critical in synchronous buck converters including Rds(on) and gate charge to minimize losses in the control FET socket. Absolute Maximum Ratings Max. Units VDS Drain-to-Source Voltage Parameter 30 V VGS ±12 ID @ TC = 25°C Gate-to-Source Voltage Continuous Drain Current, VGS @ 7.0V ID @ TA = 25°C Continuous Drain Current, VGS @ 7.0V 12 ID @ TA = 70°C 9.2 IDM Continuous Drain Current, VGS @ 7.0V Pulsed Drain Current PD @TA = 25°C Power Dissipation 2.3 49 c PD @TA = 70°C g Power Dissipation g PD @TC = 25°C Power Dissipation TJ Linear Derating Factor Operating Junction and TSTG Storage Temperature Range A 92 1.5 W 42 0.018 -40 to + 150 W/°C °C Thermal Resistance Parameter RθJA Junction-to-Ambient f g h RθJA Junction-to-Ambient RθJA Junction-to-Ambient RθJC Junction-to-Case RθJ-PCB Junction-to-PCB Mounted i Typ. Max. ––– 55 12.5 ––– 20 ––– ––– 3.0 1.0 ––– Units °C/W Notes through are on page 11 www.irf.com 1 6/11/03 IRF6604 Static @ TJ = 25°C (unless otherwise specified) Parameter Min. Typ. Max. Units BVDSS Drain-to-Source Breakdown Voltage ∆ΒVDSS/∆TJ Breakdown Voltage Temp. Coefficient RDS(on) Static Drain-to-Source On-Resistance V Conditions 30 ––– ––– VGS = 0V, ID = 250µA ––– 27 ––– 9.0 mV/°C Reference to 25°C, ID = 1mA mΩ VGS = 7.0V, ID = 12A 11.5 ––– 10 ––– e e 13 VGS = 4.5V, ID = 9.6A VGS(th) Gate Threshold Voltage 1.0 ––– 3.0 V ∆VGS(th)/∆TJ Gate Threshold Voltage Coefficient ––– -4.5 ––– mV/°C IDSS Drain-to-Source Leakage Current ––– ––– 30 µA VDS = 24V, VGS = 0V ––– ––– 100 IGSS Gate-to-Source Forward Leakage ––– ––– 100 nA VGS = 12V Gate-to-Source Reverse Leakage ––– ––– -100 Forward Transconductance 38 ––– ––– gfs Qg VDS = VGS, ID = 250µA VDS = 24V, VGS = 0V, TJ = 125°C VGS = -12V S VDS = 15V, ID = 9.6A nC VGS = 4.5V Total Gate Charge ––– 17 26 Qgs1 Pre-Vth Gate-to-Source Charge ––– 4.1 ––– Qgs2 Post-Vth Gate-to-Source Charge ––– 1.0 ––– Qgd Gate-to-Drain Charge ––– 6.3 ––– ID = 9.6A Qgodr ––– 5.6 ––– See Fig. 16 Qsw Gate Charge Overdrive Switch Charge (Qgs2 + Qgd) ––– 7.3 ––– Qoss Output Charge ––– 9.5 ––– td(on) Turn-On Delay Time ––– 11 ––– VDD = 15V, VGS = 4.5V tr Rise Time ––– 4.3 ––– ID = 9.6A td(off) Turn-Off Delay Time ––– 18 ––– tf Fall Time ––– 25 ––– Ciss Input Capacitance ––– 2270 ––– Coss Output Capacitance ––– 420 ––– Crss Reverse Transfer Capacitance ––– 190 ––– VDS = 15V nC ns VDS = 16V, VGS = 0V e Clamped Inductive Load VGS = 0V pF VDS = 15V ƒ = 1.0MHz Avalanche Characteristics EAS Parameter Single Pulse Avalanche Energy IAR Avalanche Current EAR Repetitive Avalanche Energy c d c Typ. Max. Units ––– 32 mJ ––– 9.6 A ––– 0.23 mJ Diode Characteristics Parameter Min. Typ. Max. Units Conditions IS Continuous Source Current ––– ––– 12 ISM (Body Diode) Pulsed Source Current ––– ––– 92 showing the integral reverse VSD (Body Diode) Diode Forward Voltage ––– 0.94 1.2 V p-n junction diode. TJ = 25°C, IS = 9.6A, VGS = 0V trr Reverse Recovery Time ––– 31 47 ns Qrr Reverse Recovery Charge ––– 26 39 nC ton Forward Turn-On Time 2 c MOSFET symbol A D G S e TJ = 25°C, IF = 9.6A di/dt = 100A/µs e Intrinsic turn-on time is negligible (turn-on is dominated by LS+LD) www.irf.com IRF6604 1000 1000 VGS 10V 7.0V 4.5V 4.0V 3.5V 3.3V 3.0V BOTTOM 2.7V VGS 10V 7.0V 4.5V 4.0V 3.5V 3.3V 3.0V BOTTOM 2.7V 100 TOP ID, Drain-to-Source Current (A) ID, Drain-to-Source Current (A) TOP 2.7V 10 100 2.7V 10 20µs PULSE WIDTH Tj = 150°C 20µs PULSE WIDTH Tj = 25°C 1 1 0.1 1 10 0.1 100 1 10 100 VDS, Drain-to-Source Voltage (V) VDS, Drain-to-Source Voltage (V) Fig 1. Typical Output Characteristics Fig 2. Typical Output Characteristics 100.00 2.0 I D = 12A 10.00 VDS = 15V 20µs PULSE WIDTH 1.00 2.5 3.0 3.5 VGS, Gate-to-Source Voltage (V) Fig 3. Typical Transfer Characteristics www.irf.com 4.0 1.5 (Normalized) TJ = 25°C R DS(on) , Drain-to-Source On Resistance ID, Drain-to-Source Current (Α) T J = 150°C 1.0 0.5 V GS = 7.0V 0.0 -60 -40 -20 0 20 40 60 TJ , Junction Temperature 80 100 120 140 160 ( ° C) Fig 4. Normalized On-Resistance Vs. Temperature 3 IRF6604 VGS = 0V, f = 1 MHZ Ciss = Cgs + Cgd, Cds SHORTED Crss = Cgd C, Capacitance(pF) Coss = Cds + Cgd Ciss 1000 Coss Crss 100 6.0 ID= 9.6A VGS , Gate-to-Source Voltage (V) 10000 VDS= 24V VDS= 15V 5.0 4.0 3.0 2.0 1.0 0.0 1 10 100 0 5 VDS, Drain-to-Source Voltage (V) 20 25 1000 ID, Drain-to-Source Current (A) 100 I SD , Reverse Drain Current (A) 15 Fig 6. Typical Gate Charge Vs. Gate-to-Source Voltage Fig 5. Typical Capacitance Vs. Drain-to-Source Voltage T J= 25 ° C 1 V GS = 0 V 0.0 0.5 OPERATION IN THIS AREA LIMITED BY R DS(on) 100 TJ = 150 ° C 10 1.0 1.5 V SD,Source-to-Drain Voltage (V) Fig 7. Typical Source-Drain Diode Forward Voltage 10 100µsec 1msec 1 0.1 0.1 4 10 Q G Total Gate Charge (nC) 2.0 10msec Tc = 25°C Tj = 150°C Single Pulse 0 1 10 100 1000 VDS , Drain-toSource Voltage (V) Fig 8. Maximum Safe Operating Area www.irf.com IRF6604 2.0 VGS(th) Gate threshold Voltage (V) 12 ID , Drain Current (A) 9 6 3 1.8 1.6 1.4 ID = 250µA 1.2 1.0 0.8 0.6 0.4 0.2 0.0 0 25 50 75 100 125 150 -75 -50 -25 ° TA, Ambient Temperature (°C) 0 25 50 75 100 125 150 T J , Temperature ( °C ) Fig 9. Maximum Drain Current Vs. Ambient Temperature Fig 10. Threshold Voltage Vs. Temperature (Z thJA ) 100 D = 0.50 0.20 10 Thermal Response 0.10 0.05 P DM 0.02 1 t1 0.01 t2 SINGLE PULSE (THERMAL RESPONSE) Notes: 1. Duty factor D = 2. Peak T 0.1 0.00001 0.0001 0.001 0.01 0.1 t1/ t 2 J = P DM x Z thJA 1 +T A 10 100 t 1, Rectangular Pulse Duration (sec) Fig 11. Maximum Effective Transient Thermal Impedance, Junction-to-Ambient www.irf.com 5 IRF6604 80 ID 4.3A 7.7A 9.6A 15V TOP + V - DD IAS VGS 20V A 0.01Ω tp Fig 12a. Unclamped Inductive Test Circuit V(BR)DSS tp EAS , Single Pulse Avalanche Energy (mJ) D.U.T RG BOTTOM DRIVER L VDS 60 40 20 0 25 50 75 100 125 150 ( ° C) Starting Tj, Junction Temperature Fig 12c. Maximum Avalanche Energy Vs. Drain Current LD I AS VDS Fig 12b. Unclamped Inductive Waveforms + VDD D.U.T Current Regulator Same Type as D.U.T. VGS Pulse Width < 1µs Duty Factor < 0.1% 50KΩ 12V .2µF Fig 14a. Switching Time Test Circuit .3µF D.U.T. + V - DS VDS 90% VGS 3mA 10% IG ID Current Sampling Resistors Fig 13. Gate Charge Test Circuit 6 VGS td(on) tr td(off) tf Fig 14b. Switching Time Waveforms www.irf.com IRF6604 D.U.T Driver Gate Drive + + - * D.U.T. ISD Waveform Reverse Recovery Current + RG • • • • dv/dt controlled by RG Driver same type as D.U.T. I SD controlled by Duty Factor "D" D.U.T. - Device Under Test P.W. Period VGS=10V Circuit Layout Considerations • Low Stray Inductance • Ground Plane • Low Leakage Inductance Current Transformer - D= Period P.W. V DD + - Body Diode Forward Current di/dt D.U.T. VDS Waveform Diode Recovery dv/dt Re-Applied Voltage Body Diode VDD Forward Drop Inductor Curent ISD Ripple ≤ 5% * VGS = 5V for Logic Level Devices Fig 15. Peak Diode Recovery dv/dt Test Circuit for N-Channel HEXFET® Power MOSFETs Id Vds Vgs Vgs(th) Qgs1 Qgs2 Qgd Qgodr Fig 16. Gate Charge Waveform www.irf.com 7 IRF6604 Power MOSFET Selection for Non-Isolated DC/DC Converters Control FET Synchronous FET Special attention has been given to the power losses in the switching elements of the circuit - Q1 and Q2. Power losses in the high side switch Q1, also called the Control FET, are impacted by the Rds(on) of the MOSFET, but these conduction losses are only about one half of the total losses. The power loss equation for Q2 is approximated by; * Ploss = Pconduction + Pdrive + Poutput ( 2 Ploss = Irms × Rds(on) ) Power losses in the control switch Q1 are given by; + (Qg × Vg × f ) Ploss = Pconduction+ Pswitching+ Pdrive+ Poutput Q + oss × Vin × f + (Qrr × Vin × f ) 2 This can be expanded and approximated by; Ploss = (Irms 2 × Rds(on ) ) Qgs 2 Qgd +I × × Vin × f + I × × Vin × f ig ig + (Qg × Vg × f ) + Qoss × Vin × f 2 This simplified loss equation includes the terms Qgs2 and Qoss which are new to Power MOSFET data sheets. Qgs2 is a sub element of traditional gate-source charge that is included in all MOSFET data sheets. The importance of splitting this gate-source charge into two sub elements, Qgs1 and Qgs2, can be seen from Fig 16. Qgs2 indicates the charge that must be supplied by the gate driver between the time that the threshold voltage has been reached and the time the drain current rises to Idmax at which time the drain voltage begins to change. Minimizing Qgs2 is a critical factor in reducing switching losses in Q1. Qoss is the charge that must be supplied to the output capacitance of the MOSFET during every switching cycle. Figure A shows how Qoss is formed by the parallel combination of the voltage dependant (nonlinear) capacitances Cds and Cdg when multiplied by the power supply input buss voltage. *dissipated primarily in Q1. For the synchronous MOSFET Q2, Rds(on) is an important characteristic; however, once again the importance of gate charge must not be overlooked since it impacts three critical areas. Under light load the MOSFET must still be turned on and off by the control IC so the gate drive losses become much more significant. Secondly, the output charge Qoss and reverse recovery charge Qrr both generate losses that are transfered to Q1 and increase the dissipation in that device. Thirdly, gate charge will impact the MOSFETs’ susceptibility to Cdv/dt turn on. The drain of Q2 is connected to the switching node of the converter and therefore sees transitions between ground and Vin. As Q1 turns on and off there is a rate of change of drain voltage dV/dt which is capacitively coupled to the gate of Q2 and can induce a voltage spike on the gate that is sufficient to turn the MOSFET on, resulting in shoot-through current . The ratio of Qgd/Qgs1 must be minimized to reduce the potential for Cdv/dt turn on. Figure A: Qoss Characteristic 8 www.irf.com IRF6604 DirectFET Outline Dimension, MQ Outline (Medium Size Can, Q-Designation). www.irf.com 9 IRF6604 DirectFET Board Footprint, MQ Outline (Medium Size Can, Q-Designation). DirectFET Tape & Reel Dimension (Showing component orientation). 10 www.irf.com IRF6604 DirectFET Part Marking 6604 Notes: Repetitive rating; pulse width limited by max. junction temperature. Starting TJ = 25°C, L = 0.70mH R G = 25Ω, IAS = 9.6A. Pulse width ≤ 400µs; duty cycle ≤ 2%. Surface mounted on 1 in. square Cu board. Used double sided cooling , mounting pad. Mounted on minimum footprint full size board with metalized back and with small clip heatsink. TC measured with thermal couple mounted to top (Drain) of part. Data and specifications subject to change without notice. This product has been designed and qualified for the Consumer market. Qualification Standards can be found on IR’s Web site. IR WORLD HEADQUARTERS: 233 Kansas St., El Segundo, California 90245, USA Tel: (310) 252-7105 TAC Fax: (310) 252-7903 Visit us at www.irf.com for sales contact information.6/03 www.irf.com 11