PD - 96975A IRF7832Z HEXFET® Power MOSFET Applications l Synchronous MOSFET for Notebook Processor Power l Synchronous Rectifier MOSFET for Isolated DC-DC Converters VDSS Benefits l Very Low RDS(on) at 4.5V VGS l Ultra-Low Gate Impedance l Fully Characterized Avalanche Voltage and Current l 20V VGS Max. Gate Rating l 100% tested for Rg RDS(on) max 3.8m:@VGS = 10V 30V Qg 30nC A A D S 1 8 S 2 7 D S 3 6 D G 4 5 D SO-8 Top View Absolute Maximum Ratings Max. Units VDS Drain-to-Source Voltage Parameter 30 V VGS Gate-to-Source Voltage Continuous Drain Current, VGS @ 10V ± 20 17 IDM Continuous Drain Current, VGS @ 10V Pulsed Drain Current 160 PD @TA = 25°C Power Dissipation 2.5 PD @TA = 70°C Power Dissipation 1.6 TJ Linear Derating Factor Operating Junction and TSTG Storage Temperature Range ID @ TA = 25°C ID @ TA = 70°C 21 c A W W/°C °C 0.02 -55 to + 150 Thermal Resistance Parameter RθJL RθJA g Junction-to-Ambient fg Junction-to-Drain Lead Typ. Max. Units ––– 20 °C/W ––– 50 Notes through are on page 10 www.irf.com 1 06/30/05 IRF7832Z Static @ T J = 25°C (unless otherwise specified) Parameter Min. BV DSS Drain-to-Source Breakdown Voltage ∆ΒV DSS /∆T J R DS(on) Typ. Max. Units V ––– ––– Breakdown Voltage Temp. Coefficient ––– 0.023 ––– V/°C Reference to 25°C, I D = 1mA Static Drain-to-Source On-Resistance ––– 3.1 3.8 mΩ ––– 3.7 4.5 Gate Threshold Voltage 1.35 ––– 2.35 V ∆V GS(th) Gate Threshold Voltage Coefficient ––– -5.5 ––– mV/°C I DSS Drain-to-Source Leakage Current ––– ––– 1.0 µA ––– ––– 150 Gate-to-Source Forward Leakage ––– ––– 100 Gate-to-Source Reverse Leakage ––– ––– -100 80 ––– ––– ––– 30 45 gfs Qg Forward Transconductance Total Gate Charge V GS = 0V, I D = 250µA V GS = 10V, ID = 20A V GS = 4.5V, I D = 16A V GS(th) I GSS Conditions 30 e e V DS = V GS , ID = 250µA V DS = 24V, V GS = 0V V DS = 24V, V GS = 0V, TJ = 125°C nA V GS = 20V V GS = -20V S V DS = 15V, I D = 16A Q gs1 Pre-Vth Gate-to-Source Charge ––– 7.9 ––– Q gs2 Post-Vth Gate-to-Source Charge ––– 2.6 ––– Q gd Gate-to-Drain Charge ––– 11 ––– ID = 16A Q godr ––– 8.5 ––– See Fig. 16 Q sw Gate Charge Overdrive Switch Charge (Q gs2 + Q gd) ––– 13.6 ––– Q oss Output Charge ––– 19 ––– nC Rg Gate Resistance ––– 1.2 1.9 Ω t d(on) Turn-On Delay Time ––– 14 ––– V DD = 15V, V GS = 4.5V tr Rise Time ––– 15 ––– ID = 16A t d(off) Turn-Off Delay Time ––– 18 ––– tf Fall Time ––– 5.6 ––– C iss Input Capacitance ––– 3860 ––– C oss Output Capacitance ––– 840 ––– C rss Reverse Transfer Capacitance ––– 370 ––– V DS = 15V nC V GS = 4.5V V DS = 16V, V GS = 0V ns Clamped Inductive Load pF V DS = 15V V GS = 0V ƒ = 1.0MHz Avalanche Characteristics E AS Parameter Single Pulse Avalanche Energy I AR Avalanche Current c d Typ. Max. Units ––– 350 mJ ––– 16 A Diode Characteristics Parameter Min. Typ. Max. Units IS Continuous Source Current ––– ––– 3.1 I SM (Body Diode) Pulsed Source Current ––– ––– 160 V SD (Body Diode) Diode Forward Voltage ––– ––– 1.0 V t rr Reverse Recovery Time ––– 16 24 ns Q rr Reverse Recovery Charge ––– 29 44 nC t on Forward Turn-On Time 2 c Conditions MOSFET symbol A showing the integral reverse D G S p-n junction diode. TJ = 25°C, IS = 16A, V GS = 0V TJ = 25°C, IF = 16A, V DD = 15V di/dt = 500A/µs e e Intrinsic turn-on time is negligible (turn-on is dominated by LS+LD) www.irf.com IRF7832Z 1000 1000 ID, Drain-to-Source Current (A) 100 BOTTOM 10 TOP ID, Drain-to-Source Current (A) TOP VGS 10V 5.0V 4.5V 3.5V 3.0V 2.7V 2.5V 2.3V 100 1 0.1 2.3V 0.1 1 10 2.3V ≤60µs PULSE WIDTH Tj = 25°C 0.01 BOTTOM 10 1000 0.1 V DS, Drain-to-Source Voltage (V) 1 10 100 1000 V DS, Drain-to-Source Voltage (V) Fig 2. Typical Output Characteristics Fig 1. Typical Output Characteristics 1000 2.0 RDS(on) , Drain-to-Source On Resistance (Normalized) ID, Drain-to-Source Current (Α) ≤60µs PULSE WIDTH Tj = 150°C 1 100 VGS 10V 5.0V 4.5V 3.5V 3.0V 2.7V 2.5V 2.3V 100 TJ = 150°C 10 T J = 25°C 1 VDS = 15V ≤60µs PULSE WIDTH 0.1 1 2 3 VGS, Gate-to-Source Voltage (V) Fig 3. Typical Transfer Characteristics www.irf.com ID = 21A VGS = 10V 1.5 1.0 0.5 4 -60 -40 -20 0 20 40 60 80 100 120 140 160 T J , Junction Temperature (°C) Fig 4. Normalized On-Resistance vs. Temperature 3 IRF7832Z 100000 6.0 VGS = 0V, f = 1 MHZ C iss = C gs + C gd, C ds SHORTED C rss = C gd ID= 16A 10000 Ciss Coss 1000 5.0 VGS, Gate-to-Source Voltage (V) C, Capacitance(pF) C oss = C ds + C gd Crss VDS= 24V VDS= 15V 4.0 3.0 2.0 1.0 0.0 100 1 10 0 100 1000 1000 ID, Drain-to-Source Current (A) ISD, Reverse Drain Current (A) 20 100 40 OPERATION IN THIS AREA LIMITED BY R DS(on) 100µsec 100 T J = 150°C T J = 25°C 10 30 Fig 6. Typical Gate Charge Vs. Gate-to-Source Voltage Fig 5. Typical Capacitance vs. Drain-to-Source Voltage 1 10msec 10 1 1msec T A = 25°C Tj = 150°C Single Pulse VGS = 0V 0.1 0.1 0.2 0.4 0.6 0.8 1.0 VSD, Source-to-Drain Voltage (V) Fig 7. Typical Source-Drain Diode Forward Voltage 4 10 QG Total Gate Charge (nC) VDS, Drain-to-Source Voltage (V) 1.2 0 1 10 100 VDS, Drain-to-Source Voltage (V) Fig 8. Maximum Safe Operating Area www.irf.com IRF7832Z 2.5 VGS(th) Gate threshold Voltage (V) 25 ID, Drain Current (A) 20 15 10 5 2.0 ID = 250µA 1.5 1.0 0.5 0 25 50 75 100 125 -75 -50 -25 150 0 25 50 75 100 125 150 T J , Temperature ( °C ) T A , Ambient Temperature (°C) Fig 9. Maximum Drain Current vs. Case Temperature Fig 10. Threshold Voltage vs. Temperature 100 D = 0.50 0.20 0.10 0.05 0.02 0.01 Thermal Response ( Z thJA ) 10 1 τJ 0.1 R1 R1 τJ τ1 τ1 R2 R2 τ2 τ2 R3 R3 τ3 τC τ 28.314 16 τ3 Ci= τi/Ri Ci i/Ri 0.01 Ri (°C/W) τi (sec) 5.6971 0.015296 1.214900 40.40000 PDM t1 SINGLE PULSE ( THERMAL RESPONSE ) 0.001 t2 Notes: 1. Duty factor D = t 1 / t 2 2. Peak TJ = P DM x Z thJA + TA 0.0001 1E-006 1E-005 0.0001 0.001 0.01 0.1 1 10 100 t1 , Rectangular Pulse Duration (sec) Fig 11. Maximum Effective Transient Thermal Impedance, Junction-to-Ambient www.irf.com 5 IRF7832Z RDS(on), Drain-to -Source On Resistance (m Ω) 10 1600 EAS , Single Pulse Avalanche Energy (mJ) ID = 21A ID TOP 1.0A 1.4A BOTTOM 16A 1400 8 1200 1000 6 T J = 125°C 4 T J = 25°C 2 800 600 400 200 0 2 4 6 8 10 25 50 75 100 125 150 Starting T J , Junction Temperature (°C) VGS, Gate -to -Source Voltage (V) Fig 13. Maximum Avalanche Energy vs. Drain Current Fig 12. On-Resistance vs. Gate Voltage Current Regulator Same Type as D.U.T. V(BR)DSS tp 15V 50KΩ 12V .3µF DRIVER L VDS .2µF D.U.T. D.U.T RG + - VDD IAS 20V VGS tp A 0.01Ω + V - DS VGS I AS 3mA IG Fig 14. Unclamped Inductive Test Circuit and Waveform ID Current Sampling Resistors Fig 15. Gate Charge Test Circuit LD VDS VDS + 90% VDD D.U.T VGS Pulse Width < 1µs Duty Factor < 0.1% Fig 16. Switching Time Test Circuit 6 10% VGS td(on) tr td(off) tf Fig 17. Switching Time Waveforms www.irf.com IRF7832Z D.U.T Driver Gate Drive + - - * D.U.T. ISD Waveform Reverse Recovery Current + RG • • • • dv/dt controlled by RG Driver same type as D.U.T. I SD controlled by Duty Factor "D" D.U.T. - Device Under Test V DD P.W. Period VGS=10V Circuit Layout Considerations • Low Stray Inductance • Ground Plane • Low Leakage Inductance Current Transformer D= Period P.W. + + - Body Diode Forward Current di/dt D.U.T. VDS Waveform Diode Recovery dv/dt Re-Applied Voltage Body Diode VDD Forward Drop Inductor Curent ISD Ripple ≤ 5% * VGS = 5V for Logic Level Devices Fig 18. Peak Diode Recovery dv/dt Test Circuit for N-Channel HEXFET® Power MOSFETs Id Vds Vgs Vgs(th) Qgs1 Qgs2 Qgd Qgodr Fig 19. Gate Charge Waveform www.irf.com 7 IRF7832Z Power MOSFET Selection for Non-Isolated DC/DC Converters Control FET Synchronous FET Special attention has been given to the power losses in the switching elements of the circuit - Q1 and Q2. Power losses in the high side switch Q1, also called the Control FET, are impacted by the Rds(on) of the MOSFET, but these conduction losses are only about one half of the total losses. The power loss equation for Q2 is approximated by; * Ploss = Pconduction + Pdrive + Poutput ( 2 Ploss = Irms × Rds(on) ) Power losses in the control switch Q1 are given by; + (Qg × Vg × f ) Ploss = Pconduction+ Pswitching+ Pdrive+ Poutput ⎛Q ⎞ + ⎜ oss × Vin × f + (Qrr × Vin × f ) ⎝ 2 ⎠ This can be expanded and approximated by; Ploss = (Irms 2 × Rds(on ) ) ⎛ Qgs 2 Qgd ⎞ ⎛ ⎞ +⎜I × × Vin × f ⎟ + ⎜ I × × Vin × f ⎟ ig ig ⎝ ⎠ ⎝ ⎠ + (Qg × Vg × f ) + ⎛ Qoss × Vin × f ⎞ ⎝ 2 ⎠ This simplified loss equation includes the terms Qgs2 and Qoss which are new to Power MOSFET data sheets. Qgs2 is a sub element of traditional gate-source charge that is included in all MOSFET data sheets. The importance of splitting this gate-source charge into two sub elements, Qgs1 and Qgs2, can be seen from Fig 16. Qgs2 indicates the charge that must be supplied by the gate driver between the time that the threshold voltage has been reached and the time the drain current rises to Idmax at which time the drain voltage begins to change. Minimizing Qgs2 is a critical factor in reducing switching losses in Q1. Qoss is the charge that must be supplied to the output capacitance of the MOSFET during every switching cycle. Figure A shows how Qoss is formed by the parallel combination of the voltage dependant (nonlinear) capacitances Cds and Cdg when multiplied by the power supply input buss voltage. 8 *dissipated primarily in Q1. For the synchronous MOSFET Q2, Rds(on) is an important characteristic; however, once again the importance of gate charge must not be overlooked since it impacts three critical areas. Under light load the MOSFET must still be turned on and off by the control IC so the gate drive losses become much more significant. Secondly, the output charge Qoss and reverse recovery charge Qrr both generate losses that are transfered to Q1 and increase the dissipation in that device. Thirdly, gate charge will impact the MOSFETs’ susceptibility to Cdv/dt turn on. The drain of Q2 is connected to the switching node of the converter and therefore sees transitions between ground and Vin. As Q1 turns on and off there is a rate of change of drain voltage dV/dt which is capacitively coupled to the gate of Q2 and can induce a voltage spike on the gate that is sufficient to turn the MOSFET on, resulting in shoot-through current . The ratio of Qgd/Qgs1 must be minimized to reduce the potential for Cdv/dt turn on. Figure A: Qoss Characteristic www.irf.com IRF7832Z SO-8 Package Outline ' (Dimensions are shown in millimeters (inches) ',0 % $ $ + >@ ( ;E >@ $ $ 0,//,0(7(56 0,1 0$; $ E F ' ( H %$6,& %$6,& H + %$6,& %$6,& . / \ $ ; H H ,1&+(6 0,1 0$; .[ & \ >@ ;/ ;F & $ % 127(6 ',0(16,21,1*72/(5$1&,1*3(5$60(<0 &21752//,1*',0(16,210,//,0(7(5 ',0(16,216$5(6+2:1,10,//,0(7(56>,1&+(6@ 287/,1(&21)250672-('(&287/,1(06$$ ',0(16,21'2(6127,1&/8'(02/'3527586,216 02/'3527586,21612772(;&(('>@ ',0(16,21'2(6127,1&/8'(02/'3527586,216 02/'3527586,21612772(;&(('>@ ',0(16,21,67+(/(1*7+2)/($')2562/'(5,1*72 $68%675$7( )22735,17 ;>@ >@ ;>@ ;>@ SO-8 Part Marking (;$03/(7+,6,6$1,5)026)(7 ,17(51$7,21$/ 5(&7,),(5 /2*2 www.irf.com ;;;; ) '$7(&2'(<:: 3 '(6,*1$7(6/($')5(( 352'8&7237,21$/ < /$67',*,72)7+(<($5 :: :((. $ $66(0%/<6,7(&2'( /27&2'( 3$57180%(5 9 IRF7832Z SO-8 Tape and Reel Dimensions are shown in millimeters (inches) TERMINAL NUMBER 1 12.3 ( .484 ) 11.7 ( .461 ) 8.1 ( .318 ) 7.9 ( .312 ) FEED DIRECTION NOTES: 1. CONTROLLING DIMENSION : MILLIMETER. 2. ALL DIMENSIONS ARE SHOWN IN MILLIMETERS(INCHES). 3. OUTLINE CONFORMS TO EIA-481 & EIA-541. 330.00 (12.992) MAX. 14.40 ( .566 ) 12.40 ( .488 ) NOTES : 1. CONTROLLING DIMENSION : MILLIMETER. 2. OUTLINE CONFORMS TO EIA-481 & EIA-541. Notes: Repetitive rating; pulse width limited by max. junction temperature. Starting TJ = 25°C, L = 2.7mH, RG = 25Ω, IAS = 16A. Pulse width ≤ 400µs; duty cycle ≤ 2%. When mounted on 1 inch square copper board. Rθ is measured at T J of approximately 90°C. Data and specifications subject to change without notice. This product has been designed and qualified for the Industrial market. Qualification Standards can be found on IR’s Web site. IR WORLD HEADQUARTERS: 233 Kansas St., El Segundo, California 90245, USA Tel: (310) 252-7105 TAC Fax: (310) 252-7903 Visit us at www.irf.com for sales contact information.06/05 10 www.irf.com