BUK3F00-50WDxx Controller for TrenchPLUS FETs Rev. 04 — 4 September 2008 Product data sheet 1. Introduction This data sheet describes a family of integrated circuits which provide direct digital control of multiple power switches (TrenchPLUS FETs) for use in automotive applications, and which are available in various configurations. 2. General description Eight channel high-side switch controller in a leaded plastic quad flat package, with digital control and diagnostics, and load current measurement. Specific configurations are denoted by the last 2 letters in the type number. 3. Features n n n n n n n n n n n n n n Standby mode with very low power consumption Programmable drain current tripping Serial Peripheral Interface (SPI) communications Outputs controllable via SPI-bus or direct input Diagnostic status reporting via SPI-bus Analog and digital drain current measurement Watchdog for invalid commands or inactive SPI, with programmable time-out Programmable interrupt generator Overtemperature protection Pulse-width modulation with programmable frequency and duty cycle ESD protection on all pins Protection for battery transient overvoltage and reversed polarity battery connection Open-circuit detection Configurable fail-safe channel control options 4. Applications n Automotive applications such as DC and pulse-width modulation control in body control clusters, etc. BUK3F00-50WDxx NXP Semiconductors Controller for TrenchPLUS FETs 5. Quick reference data Table 1. Quick reference data Symbol Parameter Conditions battery supply voltage VBAT operating junction temperature Tj Min Typ Max Unit [1] 5.5 13 52 V [2] −40 - +150 °C [1] When VBAT < 9 V, the charge pump cannot be guaranteed to drive the external MOSFETs to achieve their specified RDSon. [2] When Tj > 125 °C, the device will function, but electrical parameters may deviate from the specified values. 6. Ordering information Table 2. Ordering information Type number Package Name Description Version BUK3F00-50WDFE QFP64 plastic quad flat package; 64 leads (lead length 1.6 mm); body 14 × 14 × 2.7 mm SOT393-1 BUK3F00-50WDFM BUK3F00-50WDFY 6.1 Ordering options Table 3. Type number differences Type number Description BUK3F00-50WDFE channel 4 has analog trip ratio of 3 × Imeas(ADC)(fs)[1] BUK3F00-50WDFM - BUK3F00-50WDFY - [1] Imeas(ADC)(fs) = full-scale ADC measure current. User-accessible registers; see Table 5. Protected settings; see Table 19. Additional metal mask options; see Table 35. BUK3F00-50WDXX_4 Product data sheet © NXP B.V. 2008. All rights reserved. Rev. 04 — 4 September 2008 2 of 52 BUK3F00-50WDxx NXP Semiconductors Controller for TrenchPLUS FETs 7. Block diagram VBAT VBAT VBAT(CP) 7 VCC(MOD) VCC(LOG)EXT VCC(DIGC) GND(DIGC) VCC(MEASC) 10 44 38 37 6 GND 1, 16, 33, 48 IREFCURR 8 IREFTEMP 9 WDEN WDTON SCSN SDI SDO SCLK EN IN0 IN1 IN2 IN3 INP PWMMON INTN 42 46 39 43 SUPPLIES CHARGE PUMP POWER AND REFERENCE SUPPLIES REFERENCE SUPPLIES gate 0 to 7 SPI WATCHDOG SERIAL PERIPHERAL INTERFACE (SPI) TrenchPLUS FET INTERFACE (8×) EXTERNAL TrenchPLUS FET SWITCHES (8×) sense 0 to 7 CURRENT SENSE DIGITAL CONTROL kelvin 0 to 7 PULSE-WIDTH MODULATION (PWM) cathode 0 to 7 INTERRUPT CONTROL LOGIC IMEAS TEMPERATURE SENSE BUK3F00-50WDxx 11 3 4 13 12 14 47 CPP CT GND(CP) 40 anode 0 to 7 15 2 35 36 45 34 CPN 41 5 CURRENT MEASUREMENT 001aaf047 Fig 1. Block diagram BUK3F00-50WDXX_4 Product data sheet © NXP B.V. 2008. All rights reserved. Rev. 04 — 4 September 2008 3 of 52 BUK3F00-50WDxx NXP Semiconductors Controller for TrenchPLUS FETs 8. Pinning information 49 KELVIN3 50 ANODE3 51 SENSE3 52 GATE3 53 KELVIN2 54 ANODE2 55 SENSE2 56 GATE2 57 KELVIN1 58 ANODE1 59 SENSE1 60 GATE1 61 KELVIN0 62 ANODE0 63 SENSE0 64 GATE0 8.1 Pinning GND 1 48 GND WDTON 2 47 PWMMON IN0 3 46 INTN IN1 4 45 SDO IMEAS 5 VCC(MEASC) 6 44 VCC(LOG)EXT 43 GND(CP) VBAT 7 IREFCURR 8 IREFTEMP 9 42 VBAT(CP) 41 CPN BUK3F00-50WDxx 40 CPP VCC(MOD) 10 39 CT EN 11 IN3 12 38 VCC(DIGC) 37 GND(DIGC) IN2 13 36 SDI INP 14 35 SCSN WDEN 15 34 SCLK GND 16 Fig 2. GATE4 32 SENSE4 31 ANODE4 30 KELVIN4 29 GATE5 28 SENSE5 27 ANODE5 26 KELVIN5 25 GATE6 24 SENSE6 23 ANODE6 22 KELVIN6 21 GATE7 20 SENSE7 19 ANODE7 18 KELVIN7 17 33 GND 001aaf048 Pin configuration 8.2 Pin description Table 4. Pin description Symbol Pin Description VBAT 7 battery supply voltage GND 1, 16, 33, 48 battery ground VBAT(CP) 42 charge pump battery supply voltage Supplies GND(CP) 43 charge pump ground VCC(DIGC) 38 digital core supply voltage GND(DIGC) 37 digital core ground VCC(MOD) 10 module supply voltage VCC(LOG)EXT 44 external logic supply voltage for PWMMON and SDO outputs VCC(MEASC) 6 measurement circuit supply voltage BUK3F00-50WDXX_4 Product data sheet © NXP B.V. 2008. All rights reserved. Rev. 04 — 4 September 2008 4 of 52 BUK3F00-50WDxx NXP Semiconductors Controller for TrenchPLUS FETs Table 4. Pin description …continued Symbol Pin Description Charge pump capacitors CPP 40 positive connection to external pump capacitor CPN 41 negative connection to external pump capacitor CT 39 connection to external storage capacitor EN 11 enable input; internal pull-down resistor INTN 46 interrupt output; open-drain output WDEN 15 watchdog enable input; internal pull-up resistor WDTON 2 watchdog timed output; open-drain output PWMMON 47 PWM frequency monitor output Digital Serial peripheral interface SCLK 34 SPI clock input; internal pull-down resistor SCSN 35 SPI chip select input; internal pull-up resistor SDI 36 SPI data input; internal pull-down resistor SDO 45 SPI data output; 3-state when inactive IREFCURR 8 set reference for current measurement (with external resistor) IREFTEMP 9 set reference for temperature sense (with external resistor) IMEAS 5 analog current measurement output (for selected channel) Analog Direct input pins IN0 3 direct input 0; internal pull-down resistor IN1 4 direct input 1; internal pull-down resistor IN2 13 direct input 2; internal pull-down resistor IN3 12 direct input 3; internal pull-down resistor INP 14 PWM input; internal pull-down resistor Connections for external TrenchPLUS switches Channel 0 GATE0 64 gate KELVIN0 61 source kelvin SENSE0 63 current sense ANODE0 62 anode of temperature sense diode GATE1 60 gate KELVIN1 57 source kelvin SENSE1 59 current sense ANODE1 58 anode of temperature sense diode GATE2 56 gate KELVIN2 53 source kelvin SENSE2 55 current sense ANODE2 54 anode of temperature sense diode Channel 1 Channel 2 BUK3F00-50WDXX_4 Product data sheet © NXP B.V. 2008. All rights reserved. Rev. 04 — 4 September 2008 5 of 52 BUK3F00-50WDxx NXP Semiconductors Controller for TrenchPLUS FETs Table 4. Symbol Pin description …continued Pin Description GATE3 52 gate KELVIN3 49 source kelvin SENSE3 51 current sense ANODE3 50 anode of temperature sense diode 32 gate Channel 3 Channel 4 GATE4 KELVIN4 29 source kelvin SENSE4 31 current sense ANODE4 30 anode of temperature sense diode GATE5 28 gate KELVIN5 25 source kelvin SENSE5 27 current sense ANODE5 26 anode of temperature sense diode GATE6 24 gate KELVIN6 21 source kelvin SENSE6 23 current sense ANODE6 22 anode of temperature sense diode GATE7 20 gate KELVIN7 17 source kelvin SENSE7 19 current sense ANODE7 18 anode of temperature sense diode Channel 5 Channel 6 Channel 7 BUK3F00-50WDXX_4 Product data sheet © NXP B.V. 2008. All rights reserved. Rev. 04 — 4 September 2008 6 of 52 BUK3F00-50WDxx NXP Semiconductors Controller for TrenchPLUS FETs 9. Functional description The main functions of the device are: • • • • • Power and reference supplies Charge pump Control logic Current measurement TrenchPLUS FET interface (8×) 9.1 Power and reference supplies The main battery supplies power to the device and the eight TrenchPLUS FET switches. This device is intended for vehicle system applications that operate at a battery voltage of 12 V, 24 V or 42 V. The device has several different supply connections to ensure correct operation of the device within the application module. 9.1.1 Battery supply: pins VBAT and GND Pins VBAT and GND are the direct supply connections of the device to the battery. Low battery voltage is detected on the charge pump supply pin VBAT(CP). Channels are switched off during extended low battery supply conditions and switched on when normal battery conditions return. Extended low battery voltage occurs when the battery supply voltage VBAT goes below: • the battery undervoltage threshold (Vth(uv)bat) for longer than the battery low time (tlow(bat)) • the battery low threshold voltage (Vth(low)bat) Transient low battery voltage occurs when the battery supply voltage VBAT goes below Vth(uv)bat for less than tlow(bat), but remains above Vth(low)bat. Transient low battery voltage conditions affect the overcurrent protection; for details see Section 9.5.2 “Overcurrent protection”. Normal battery voltage occurs when the battery supply voltage exceeds Vth(uv)bat for more than the battery high time (thigh(bat)). Hysteresis on detection reduces the possibility of repeated switching when the battery supply voltage is close to the threshold values. The supply circuit has an internal overvoltage clamp to protect the control IC from overvoltage transients and is also protected against ESD. All four GND pins must be connected together to ground. If this supply is connected to a reverse polarity battery voltage then the FET switches are turned on to protect against conduction through the source-drain diode. This protection operates whether the device is enabled or not. BUK3F00-50WDXX_4 Product data sheet © NXP B.V. 2008. All rights reserved. Rev. 04 — 4 September 2008 7 of 52 BUK3F00-50WDxx NXP Semiconductors Controller for TrenchPLUS FETs 9.1.2 Module supply: pins VCC(MOD) and GND Pins VCC(MOD) and GND supply power to the circuits in the device that need to be kept functioning when the main battery supply dips below its normal operating limit. It is anticipated that the connection will be to the protected supply of the application module control circuits. This can be created using a suitable diode and storage capacitor from the battery supply. The connection should be decoupled close to the device. Low module voltage causes the device to go through a Power-On Reset (POR). This condition is detected when the module supply voltage goes below the module undervoltage threshold voltage (Vth(uv)mod). The power-on reset is triggered when the supply voltage recovers and exceeds Vth(uv)mod. Hysteresis on this detection reduces the possibility of repeated resetting when the module supply is close to the threshold value. The supply circuit has an internal overvoltage clamp to protect the control chip from overvoltage transients and is also protected against ESD. This supply should be protected against reverse battery connection in the application circuit. 9.1.3 External logic supply: pins VCC(LOG)EXT and GND The external logic supply provides power for the SDO and PWMMON output pins. Pin VCC(LOG)EXT should be connected to the same supply (3.3 V or 5 V) used by the circuits that monitor these outputs. 9.1.4 Analog measurement supply: pins VCC(MEASC) and GND This supply provides power for the IMEAS analog current measurement output. Pin VCC(MEASC) should be connected to the same supply (3.3 V or 5 V) used by the circuit that uses this output. If this output is not needed, then pins VCC(MEASC) and IMEAS should be grounded. 9.1.5 Digital supply: pins VCC(DIGC) and GND(DIGC) This supplies power to the internal regulator for the digital core and should be connected to the same potential as VCC(MOD) and GND. It is not internally connected to the module supply, ensuring that digital noise does not affect the measurement circuits. The connection should be decoupled close to the device. The digital supply circuit has an internal overvoltage clamp to protect the BUK3F00-50WDxx from overvoltage transients and is also protected against ESD. 9.1.6 Reference supplies: pins IREFCURR and IREFTEMP An internal band gap reference is used to ensure stable voltage and current references: • Measured current reference pin IREFCURR: The full-scale analog output measurement current and the full-scale measurement current through the ADC are both set by connecting an external resistor between pins IREFCURR and GND. • Temperature reference pin IREFTEMP: The forward current for the temperature sensing diodes in the TrenchPLUS FETs is set by connecting an external resistor between pins IREFTEMP and GND. BUK3F00-50WDXX_4 Product data sheet © NXP B.V. 2008. All rights reserved. Rev. 04 — 4 September 2008 8 of 52 BUK3F00-50WDxx NXP Semiconductors Controller for TrenchPLUS FETs 9.2 Charge pump The controller has an internal charge pump circuit to supply the gate voltage required to operate the high-side FET switches. The charge pump uses an internal oscillator and internal switches with external pump and storage capacitors. 9.2.1 Charge pump supply: pins VBAT(CP) and GND(CP) Pins VBAT(CP) and GND(CP) supply power to the internal charge pump. This is derived from the VBAT supply either via an internal resistor between pins VBAT and VBAT(CP) or by linking these pins externally. Pin GND(CP) should be connected to pin GND; the grounds are not internally connected to ensure any charge pump noise does not affect the measurement circuit. The connections should be decoupled close to the device. The charge pump supply circuit has an internal overvoltage clamp to protect the BUK3F00-50WDxx from overvoltage transients and is also protected against ESD. If connected to a reverse polarity battery voltage, the charge pump supply is protected by the internal resistor connection to VBAT. 9.2.2 Charge pump boost mode To ensure fast start-up, the charge pump has a boost mode that operates for a set time. This mode is triggered at power-on reset and when the charge pump voltage falls below the charge pump fault threshold or the battery voltage stays below the undervoltage threshold. If the charge pump voltage is below the fault threshold after the charge pump boost is completed, then no further boost is possible until the charge pump fault is cleared. 9.3 Control logic The control logic is responsible for switching the individual FET channels on and off, depending on user settings and the implementation of protection methods. It contains registers used for storing the user settings for channel configurations, current reference and measurement, diagnostic and watchdog modes. Communication with a controller is via the SPI-bus. The digital block is designed to support 8 channels; unused channels should be programmed off at all times. 9.3.1 Digital control The device is enabled by pin EN. When pin EN is LOW, the device is in Standby mode and all FETs are held off by an active switch with a standby resistance between pins GATE and KELVIN. When pin EN is HIGH, the device is enabled for normal operation. Pin EN can be used as the reset signal by a controller for the control logic. When pin EN is reset to HIGH, the device goes through a power-on reset, registers are loaded with their default values and channels are switched on or off according to the mapping for the individual device type. Digital control consists of a number of registers that control the functions. The default value is loaded during power-on reset and, if the WRITE_PROTECT option is enabled, for defined registers, when the SPI watchdog times out. For some registers the default setting can be programmed by metal mask options. BUK3F00-50WDXX_4 Product data sheet © NXP B.V. 2008. All rights reserved. Rev. 04 — 4 September 2008 9 of 52 BUK3F00-50WDxx NXP Semiconductors Controller for TrenchPLUS FETs Table 5. User-accessible registers Register[1] Name Description Mask Version default value[2] option FE FM FY channels select: on/off; see Section 9.5.7 N 00h 00h 00h 21h 10h 1Ch Read/write registers[3] 01h CHAN_ONOFF 02h IN02_MAP direct input pins IN0 and IN2 mapping; see Section 9.5.8 Y[4] 03h IN13_MAP direct input pins IN1 and IN3 mapping; see Section 9.5.8 Y[4] 84h 40h 01h 04h INP_MAP PWM input pin INP mapping; see Section 9.5.8 Y[4] 10h 08h 00h 05h ANDOR_MAP direct input pin AND/OR operation; see Section 9.5.8 Y[4] 00h 00h 00h 06h CURR_MEAS channel select analog current measurement; see Section 9.4.2 N 00h 00h 00h 07h SEL_CURR_TRIP_ CHAN select current tripping channel; see Section 9.5.2 Y[4] 00h 00h 00h 08h CHAN_OT_FAULT_CLR channel set overtemperature fault clear; see Section 9.5.1 Y[4] 00h 00h 00h 09h PWM_SYNC channel PWM synchronization; see Section 9.3.4 N 00h 00h 00h 0Ah PWM_SAM_BEGINEND channel PWM sample point begin or end; see Section 9.3.4 N FFh FFh FFh 0Ch CHAN_WD_MAP select channel watchdog behavior; see Section 9.3.3 Y[4] 21h 58h 1Dh 0Dh WD_TO watchdog time-out period setting; see Section 9.3.3 Y[4] 3Fh 3Fh 3Fh 0Eh CTRL_SET controller settings; see Section 9.5.5 Y[4] 08h 08h 08h 0Fh INT_PWM_FREQ internal PWM frequency setting; see Section 9.3.4 Y[4] B6h BBh B1h 10h PWM_DC_CH0 internal PWM duty cycle setting for channel 0 Y[4][5] FFh FFh FFh Y[4][5] FFh FFh FFh 11h PWM_DC_CH1 internal PWM duty cycle setting for channel 1; see Section 9.3.4 12h PWM_DC_CH2 internal PWM duty cycle setting for channel 2; Y[4][5] see Section 9.3.4 FFh FFh FFh 13h PWM_DC_CH3 internal PWM duty cycle setting for channel 3; Y[4][5] see Section 9.3.4 FFh FFh FFh 14h PWM_DC_CH4 internal PWM duty cycle setting for channel 4; Y[4][5] see Section 9.3.4 FFh FFh FFh 15h PWM_DC_CH5 internal PWM duty cycle setting for channel 5; Y[4][5] see Section 9.3.4 FFh FFh FFh 16h PWM_DC_CH6 internal PWM duty cycle setting for channel 6; Y[4][5] see Section 9.3.4 FFh FFh FFh 17h PWM_DC_CH7 internal PWM duty cycle setting for channel 7; Y[4][5] see Section 9.3.4 FFh FFh FFh 18h OT_TRIPLEV_CH30 overtemperature trip level channels 3 to 0; see Section 9.5.1 AAh AAh AAh BUK3F00-50WDXX_4 Product data sheet Y[4] © NXP B.V. 2008. All rights reserved. Rev. 04 — 4 September 2008 10 of 52 BUK3F00-50WDxx NXP Semiconductors Controller for TrenchPLUS FETs Table 5. User-accessible registers …continued Register[1] Name Description Mask Version default value[2] option FE FM FY 19h OT_TRIPLEV_CH74 overtemperature trip level channels 7 to 4; see Section 9.5.1 Y[4] AAh AAh AAh 1Ah IFSC_CH30 full-scale reference current channels 3 to 0; see Section 9.5.2 Y[4] AAh FFh FFh 1Bh IFSC_CH74 full-scale reference current channels 7 to 4; see Section 9.5.2 Y[4] AAh FFh FFh 1Ch CURR_TRIPLEV_CH0 current trip level for channel 0; see Section 9.5.2 N[4] FFh FFh FFh 1Dh CURR_TRIPLEV_CH1 current trip level for channel 1; see Section 9.5.2 N[4] FFh FFh FFh 1Eh CURR_TRIPLEV_CH2 current trip level for channel 2; see Section 9.5.2 N[4] FFh FFh FFh 1Fh CURR_TRIPLEV_CH3 current trip level for channel 3; see Section 9.5.2 N[4] FFh FFh FFh 20h CURR_TRIPLEV_CH4 current trip level for channel 4; see Section 9.5.2 N[4] FFh FFh FFh 21h CURR_TRIPLEV_CH5 current trip level for channel 5; see Section 9.5.2 N[4] FFh FFh FFh 22h CURR_TRIPLEV_CH6 current trip level for channel 6; see Section 9.5.2 N[4] FFh FFh FFh 23h CURR_TRIPLEV_CH7 current trip level for channel 7; see Section 9.5.2 N[4] FFh FFh FFh 24h IRQ_MAP interrupt request mapping; see Section 9.5.2 Y[4] 04h 19h 00h 25h CURR_TRIP_ BLANKTIME current trip blanking time; see Section 9.5.2 Y[4] 2Fh 2Fh 2Fh 26h OLDET_ONOFF off-state open-circuit detection; see Section 9.5.6 N FFh FFh FFh 27h READBACK register and diagnostic read back; see Section 9.3.2 N 30h 30h 30h 28h IRQ_CHAN_MAP interrupt generating channels; see Section 9.3.5 N[4] FFh FFh FFh Write-only registers[6] 29h CLEAR_CHAN_INTN clear channels and interrupt; see Section 11.1 2Ah CLEAR_WD clear watchdog state; see Section 11.1 Read-only registers[7] 30h DIAG_BASIC basic diagnostics; see Section 11.2 31h DIAG_CTRL controller diagnostics; see Section 11.2 32h ISR interrupt status register; see Section 11.2 33h VERSION device version number; see Section 11.2 34h DIAG_CHAN_01 VOUTHIGH and VOUTLOW states[8]; see Section 11.2 35h DIAG_CHAN_02 TSNSOPEN signal state[9]; see Section 11.2 38h DIAG_DETAIL_CH0 detail diagnostics; channel 0; see Section 11.2 39h DIAG_DETAIL_CH1 detail diagnostics; channel 1; see Section 11.2 BUK3F00-50WDXX_4 Product data sheet © NXP B.V. 2008. All rights reserved. Rev. 04 — 4 September 2008 11 of 52 BUK3F00-50WDxx NXP Semiconductors Controller for TrenchPLUS FETs Table 5. User-accessible registers …continued Register[1] Name Description 3Ah DIAG_DETAIL_CH2 detail diagnostics; channel 2; see Section 11.2 3Bh DIAG_DETAIL_CH3 detail diagnostics; channel 3; see Section 11.2 3Ch DIAG_DETAIL_CH4 detail diagnostics; channel 4; see Section 11.2 3Dh DIAG_DETAIL_CH5 detail diagnostics; channel 5; see Section 11.2 3Eh DIAG_DETAIL_CH6 detail diagnostics; channel 6; see Section 11.2 3Fh DIAG_DETAIL_CH7 detail diagnostics; channel 7; see Section 11.2 Mask Version default value[2] option FE FM FY [1] This column denotes either the address used to write to the indicated register, or the data sent to register READBACK (27h) to read back from the indicated register. [2] Default values for read/write registers are either fixed or programmable as mask options for individual types. [3] 8-bit read/write registers store settings that control the behavior of the device. Default values are stored at power-on reset and data can be changed via SPI-bus communication. To help provide security of operation these registers can also be read back. [4] Another metal mask option is available, which means that WRITE_PROTECT is set. CHAN_WD_MAP and WD_TO registers are write-protected by this option. The other registers indicated will be reloaded with default values if an SPI watchdog time-out occurs. [5] Only bit 7 is mask programmable. [6] 8-bit write-only registers clear tripped channels, interrupt and watchdog states when data is written. The values are not stored and cannot be read back. [7] 16-bit read-only registers contain data about the state of the device for diagnostic use. Data cannot be written to these registers. [8] VOUTHIGH: high-side FET is in on-state for overcurrent protection (> Vth(on)(bat-KEL)). VOUTLOW: high-side FET output voltage is below the voltage required for open-circuit detection (< Vdet(oc)off). [9] TSNSOPEN: temperature sensor open-circuit. BUK3F00-50WDXX_4 Product data sheet © NXP B.V. 2008. All rights reserved. Rev. 04 — 4 September 2008 12 of 52 BUK3F00-50WDxx NXP Semiconductors Controller for TrenchPLUS FETs 9.3.2 Serial Peripheral Interface (SPI) The SPI is used for communication with a controller and provides control and diagnostic functions. The device is configured as an SPI slave. The interface consists of SPI Chip Select (SCSN), Serial Clock (SCLK), Serial Data In (SDI) and Serial Data Out (SDO). SPI communication is enabled when SCSN is set LOW. Data is shifted out to pin SDO on the SCLK rising edge. The data shifted out depends on which register is addressed by register READBACK (27h). Data is shifted in from pin SDI on the SCLK falling edge. The controller can be timed to send data to SDI on the SCLK rising edge with data valid on the falling edge. Data is valid for reading on the falling edge. For full timing requirements; see Table 25 “Recommended operating conditions” and Figure 9 “SPI timing definitions”. SPI communication uses 16-bit words; see Figure 3. The most significant byte, the register address byte, is transferred first. The 2 most significant bits of the register address byte are not used, they must always be logic 0. The 6 least significant bits form the actual register address. MSB 0 SPI communication word high byte low byte LSB MSB 0 A A A A A A D D D D D D D D address Fig 3. LSB data 001aae996 SPI communication format; full 16-bit operation When SCSN is set HIGH after a 16-bit valid communication, then the SDO output becomes inactive and goes to high-impedance. The data in the low byte is then transferred to the address given in the high byte. After this is completed the SPI shift register is refreshed with the latest contents of the register addressed by the entry in register READBACK. When 8-bit registers are read, the least significant byte is padded with 55h. Data is checked for validity after SCSN goes HIGH. It is valid if the count of SCLK negative edges is a multiple of 8 and the address part (high byte) of the 16-bit message contains a valid address. An invalid address will result in a value of 00h being sent on SDO. To allow time for validity checking, writing data and refreshing the shift register, SCSN must be disabled (HIGH) for a period tw(SCSN). BUK3F00-50WDXX_4 Product data sheet © NXP B.V. 2008. All rights reserved. Rev. 04 — 4 September 2008 13 of 52 BUK3F00-50WDxx NXP Semiconductors Controller for TrenchPLUS FETs SCSN SCLK SDI MSB LSB MSB LSB SDO MSB LSB MSB LSB high byte low byte 001aaf575 Fig 4. SPI communication frame: full 16-bit operation To support 8-bit microcontrollers an 8-bit operation is possible; see Figure 5. In this operation, SCSN is taken HIGH between the 8-bit bytes. SDO is taken HIGH before the SCLK of the low byte to indicate that the low byte is to be sent. SCSN SCLK SDI MSB LSB MSB LSB SDO MSB LSB MSB LSB high byte low byte 001aaf576 Fig 5. SPI communication frame: 8-bit operation A number of devices can be daisy chained by connecting the SDO of the first device to the SDI of the next device and so on; see Figure 6. All devices have their SCSN inputs connected to the same controller chip select so that they can be selected together. When n devices are daisy chained, then n SPI 16-bit word cycles must be executed to program all devices. Daisy chaining cannot be used with 8-bit SPI operation. BUK3F00-50WDXX_4 Product data sheet © NXP B.V. 2008. All rights reserved. Rev. 04 — 4 September 2008 14 of 52 BUK3F00-50WDxx NXP Semiconductors Controller for TrenchPLUS FETs MCSN SCSN SLAVE1 SDI SDO MASTER SCSN SLAVE2 SDI SCSN SLAVE3 SDO SDI SDO MDO MDI Fig 6. 001aag750 Daisy chain connection of three ASICs (requires three SPI 16-bit word cycles) 9.3.3 SPI watchdog The SPI watchdog detects if there is a breakdown in the SPI communication with the controller. A timer is activated that resets when a valid communication is received. If no valid SPI communications are received within the specified time-out period, the watchdog will signal this to the control logic. The SPI watchdog is enabled either by setting pin WDEN = HIGH or by enabling watchdog active with bit WD_TO[5]. FET channels can be turned either on or off when a watchdog time-out occurs as set by register CHAN_WD_MAP. Pin WDTON is set LOW for a selectable period when a watchdog time-out occurs and can be used as a reset for the controller. An interrupt on pin INTN can also be set when a watchdog time-out occurs. Other functions of the device are not changed in Watchdog mode. In particular, if the SPI fault that caused the condition is resolved, SPI communication would work and diagnostics could be performed. See Section 11.1 “Reset for interrupt and SPI watchdog” for details of clearing watchdog states. Table 6. Select channel watchdog behavior register (address 0Ch) bit description Address Register Bit 0Ch CHAN_WD_MAP[1] 7 to 0 behavior when watchdog time-out occurs in individual channels 7 to 0: Description 1 = turn selected channel on[2] 0 = turn selected channel off [1] A metal mask option WRITE_PROTECT is available, which means that registers are write protected. [2] Provided channel is not mapped to a direct input pin. If channel is mapped to a direct input pin, then the channel will only turn on if the direct input pin is HIGH. Table 7. Watchdog time-out period setting register (address 0Dh) bit description Address Register Bit Description 0Dh WD_TO 7 to 6 not used 5 enable watchdog 4 to 0 watchdog time-out period; see Table 8 BUK3F00-50WDXX_4 Product data sheet © NXP B.V. 2008. All rights reserved. Rev. 04 — 4 September 2008 15 of 52 BUK3F00-50WDxx NXP Semiconductors Controller for TrenchPLUS FETs Table 8. Watchdog time-out period Given times are valid for nominal master clock frequency. Time-out period Value Time Value Time Value Time Value Time 00h 1.0 ms 08h 4.1 ms 10h 16 ms 18h 66 ms 01h 1.3 ms 09h 5.1 ms 11h 20 ms 19h 82 ms 02h 1.5 ms 0Ah 6.1 ms 12h 25 ms 1Ah 98 ms 03h 1.8 ms 0Bh 7.2 ms 13h 29 ms 1Bh 115 ms 04h 2.0 ms 0Ch 8.2 ms 14h 33 ms 1Ch 131 ms 05h 2.6 ms 0Dh 10 ms 15h 41 ms 1Dh 164 ms 06h 3.1 ms 0Eh 12 ms 16h 49 ms 1Eh 197 ms 07h 3.6 ms 0Fh 14 ms 17h 57 ms 1Fh 229 ms 9.3.4 Pulse-Width Modulation (PWM) PWM can be implemented on selected channels by either an internally generated signal or an externally connected signal. For the internally generated signal, it is possible to select frequency and duty cycle and to synchronize the selected channels. The internally generated signal is used when the duty cycle is set to less than 100 %. For both internal and external PWM signals it is possible to specify the point at which the FET current is sampled in the PWM period. An external PWM signal can be connected to the input pin INP (intended for normal PWM operation) or pins IN0 to IN3 (intended for fail-safe operation). The required channels are then mapped accordingly. Table 9. PWM setting registers (addresses 09h, 0Ah, 0Fh, 10h to 17h) bit description Address Register Bit 09h PWM_SYNC[1] Description 7 to 0 PWM synchronization in individual channels 7 to 0: 1 = selected channel synchronized to previous channel in this mode 0 = selected channel one eighth of internal PWM cycle out of phase 0Ah PWM_SAM_ BEGINEND 7 to 0 PWM sample begin or end in individual channels 7 to 0[2]: 1 = selected channel set to end 0 = selected channel set to start INT_PWM_FREQ[3] 0Fh 7 to 0 internal PWM frequency setting for all channels: 00h to 3Fh: f = {code + 01h} × 0.125 Hz, from 0.125 Hz to 8.0 Hz in 0.125 Hz steps 40h to 7Fh: f = {code − 3Fh} × 0.5 Hz, from 0.5 Hz to 32.0 Hz, in 0.5 Hz steps 80h to BFh: f = {code − 7Fh} × 2.0 Hz, from 2.0 Hz to 128.0 Hz, in 2.0 Hz steps C0h to FFh: f = {code − BFh} × 8.0 Hz, from 8.0 Hz to 512.0 Hz, in 8.0 Hz steps 10h to 17h PWM_DC_CHn[3] 7 to 0 internal PWM duty cycle for specified channel 7 to 0; duty cycle δ = (n + 1) / 256, where n = decimal number set in register [1] If channels are run out-of-phase each will be staggered by one eighth of a PWM cycle. When more than one channel is selected by this command then the master signal is the channel with the lowest number. This does not apply to the external PWM signal on pin INP. [2] Controls the point of the on-time at which the current is sampled for digital current measurement. Only operates when duty cycle is set to < 100 % or channel is mapped to pin INP. [3] A metal mask option WRITE_PROTECT is available which means that this register is reloaded with the default value if an SPI watchdog time-out occurs. BUK3F00-50WDXX_4 Product data sheet © NXP B.V. 2008. All rights reserved. Rev. 04 — 4 September 2008 16 of 52 BUK3F00-50WDxx NXP Semiconductors Controller for TrenchPLUS FETs The PWM frequency can be monitored by making this an output on pin PWMMON. This is a controller setting; see Section 9.5.5 “Controller settings”. 9.3.5 Interrupt An interrupt can be generated to notify a controller of an error condition. An interrupt will set pin INTN = LOW. Register settings define which faults can generate an interrupt and which FET channels can generate an interrupt for these faults. Table 10. Interrupt setting registers (addresses 24h, 28h) bit description Address Register 24h IRQ_MAP[1] Bit Description interrupt request mapping; for each bit: 1 = INTN active 0 = INTN not active 28h IRQ_CHAN_MAP[1] 7 invalid SPI communication 6 open-circuit 5 controller fault (charge pump fault or VBAT low) 4 temperature sensor diode open-circuit 3 watchdog time-out 2 channel overcurrent (threshold reached or exceeded) 1 channel overtemperature (threshold exceeded) 0 channel tripped under fault condition 7 to 0 interrupt generation in individual channels 7 to 0: 1 = selected channel can generate interrupt 0 = selected channel cannot generate interrupt [1] A metal mask option WRITE_PROTECT is available, which means that this register is reloaded with the default value if an SPI watchdog time-out occurs. When an interrupt is generated, data in the interrupt status register will indicate the cause. See Section 11.1 “Reset for interrupt and SPI watchdog” for details of reading and clearing interrupt data. 9.4 Current measurement The current measurement is able to monitor the current from the sense connections of the TrenchPLUS FETs. This is achieved by using one current measurement circuit for each channel. The current measurement circuits control conditions at the sense pin of each FET channel and can produce either an analog or digital measurement output. The digital output can be read by a controller. The current measurement circuit monitors the sense current according to the sense ratio of the TrenchPLUS FET. This ratio is only valid when the sense and main FETs of the TrenchPLUS device are fully active with VGS at about 4 V or greater, and with the same VGS. 9.4.1 Current measurement circuits For FET channels configured as high-side switches, the sense current is pulled from the sense connection. This current is adjusted until the voltage measured at the FET pin kelvin is the same as that measured at the FET pin sense. Since the main and sense BUK3F00-50WDXX_4 Product data sheet © NXP B.V. 2008. All rights reserved. Rev. 04 — 4 September 2008 17 of 52 BUK3F00-50WDxx NXP Semiconductors Controller for TrenchPLUS FETs devices have common drain connections, the VDS of the two devices are equal, and the correct sense current is being pulled. Current measurement is only possible when the voltage on pin KELVIN is above the Vth(on)(bat-KEL) threshold. 9.4.2 Analog current measurement output An analog current can be output on pin IMEAS that is proportional to the sense current measured on a selected FET channel. Any single channel can be multiplexed to this output at a time. The accuracy and resolution of analog current measurement is determined by the voltage across the RIMEAS resistor with the measurement output current and the measurement range used. The measurement current is given by Imeas = (ISENSE / Imeas(ADC)(fs)) × 100 µA, where ISENSE is the FET sense current and Imeas(ADC)(fs) is the set full-scale current for the measurement range. For reliable current measurement, the voltage on pin IMEAS must be less than the measurement supply voltage on pin VCC(MEASC). A resistor value giving high resolution at low measurement output current (for example, up to Imeas(ADC)(fs)) may not provide the range for high measurement output current (for example, up to 8 × Imeas(ADC)(fs)). Conversely, a value giving the range for high measurement current will give less resolution for low measurement current. When the selected channel uses PWM, the analog measurement is able to follow the switched waveform, except when the duty cycle is very low, and high-side FETs are in the turn-on state. The voltage on pin IMEAS is limited just below the measurement supply voltage. Table 11. Analog current channel selection register (address 06h) bit description Address Register Bit Description 06h CURR_MEAS 7 to 4 not used; must be set to logic 0 3 current measurement setting: 1 = enables current measurement in selected channel 0 = disables current measurement in all channels 2 to 0 selects measurement channel; binary value corresponds to channel number (0 to 7) 9.4.3 Digital current measurement output 8-bit successive approximation ADCs are used to measure the sense currents of the FET channels. The measured values are only considered valid when the FET has been on for the full conversion cycle. Digital measurements are stored and can be read by a controller. The reading from the ADC may not indicate zero if the channel is requested off. If PWM is not selected, the values are stored every ADC cycle. For PWM the digital measurement can be sampled at the start or end of the on time. The ADC reading, up to the maximum 255 bits, is given by: reading = 255 × (ISENSE / Imeas(ADC)(fs)) × (50 µA / IIREFCURR), where IIREFCURR is the current through the current reference resistor (RIREFCURR). At IIREFCURR = 50 µA this equation simplifies to give a direct relationship with the analog measurement current. 9.4.4 Low battery supply voltage conditions The current measurement interface operates at voltages very near the battery voltage. To permit reasonable headroom in the circuit, the current measurement interface is powered from the charge pump. The circuit cannot operate correctly when it is close to ground, as BUK3F00-50WDXX_4 Product data sheet © NXP B.V. 2008. All rights reserved. Rev. 04 — 4 September 2008 18 of 52 BUK3F00-50WDxx NXP Semiconductors Controller for TrenchPLUS FETs occurs in very low battery conditions. The current measurement interface may be non-functional, or may have degraded accuracy under low (out-of-specification) charge pump conditions. 9.5 TrenchPLUS FET interface The FET interface provides channel switching (on and off) and protection with the following features, described in priority order. 9.5.1 Overtemperature protection Overtemperature protection is adjusted by selecting the trip level of the temperature sense diode for each channel. To relate this to actual trip temperature, refer to the specification of the specific TrenchPLUS FET devices. Overtemperature protection can also be set to auto-reset with hysteresis (to reduce the possibility of repeated resets when the temperature remains high) or to latch on fault. The device also detects and reports a fault if the connection to a temperature sense diode is open-circuit. Table 12. Overtemperature protection setting registers (addresses 08h, 18h, 19h) bit description Address Register 08h CHAN_OT_FAULT_ 7 to 0 CLR[1] overtemperature fault clear in channels 3 to 0: OT_TRIPLEV_ CH30[1] set overtemperature trip level in channels 3 to 0 to one of four voltage trip levels[2]: Bit Description 1 = selected channel set to auto reset with hysteresis 0 = selected channel set to latches on fault 18h 00 = 2.31 V 01 = 2.25 V 10 = 2.16 V 11 = 2.00 V 19h 7, 6 channel 3 temperature sense diode threshold voltage 5, 4 channel 2 temperature sense diode threshold voltage 3, 2 channel 1 temperature sense diode threshold voltage 1, 0 channel 0 temperature sense diode threshold voltage set overtemperature trip level in channels 7 to 4 to one of four voltage trip levels[2]: OT_TRIPLEV_ CH74[1] 00 = 2.31 V 01 = 2.25 V 10 = 2.16 V 11 = 2.00 V 7, 6 channel 7 temperature sense diode threshold voltage 5, 4 channel 6 temperature sense diode threshold voltage 3, 2 channel 5 temperature sense diode threshold voltage 1, 0 channel 4 temperature sense diode threshold voltage [1] A metal mask option WRITE_PROTECT is available which means that this register is reloaded with the default value if an SPI watchdog time-out occurs. [2] Nominal trip voltages quoted for each trip level. Refer to data sheet for TrenchPLUS FET devices for equivalent temperature measurement. BUK3F00-50WDXX_4 Product data sheet © NXP B.V. 2008. All rights reserved. Rev. 04 — 4 September 2008 19 of 52 BUK3F00-50WDxx NXP Semiconductors Controller for TrenchPLUS FETs 9.5.2 Overcurrent protection The overcurrent protection on each channel allows for high inrush currents. This protection also allows for turn-on or transient low battery conditions that can occur with the configuration of high-side FET switches. Delay time in operating overcurrent protection is determined by the actual FET. For high-side switches, FET turn-on is determined when the sense voltage exceeds the low sense threshold voltage (Vth(sense)low), within 40 µs (nominal), and when the battery-to-kelvin voltage exceeds the on-state threshold voltage between battery and pin KELVIN (Vth(on)(bat-KEL)). The following overcurrent protection is available: Turn-on overcurrent trip (TONOCH) — For channels configured as high-side switches. Operates during FET turn-on or transient low battery conditions. The threshold level is a set multiple of Imeas(ADC)(fs) × (IIREFCURR / 50 µA). This is simplified when IIREFCURR = 50 µA. For low current sense voltage (< 2.5 V) the trip level is below the specified multiple of Imeas(ADC)(fs). This protection cannot be disabled. Overcurrent high trip (OCH) — For channels configured as high-side switches. This does not operate during FET turn-on or transient low battery conditions. The threshold level is a set multiple of Imeas(ADC)(fs) × (IIREFCURR / 50 µA). This is simplified when IIREFCURR = 50 µA. This protection cannot be disabled or delayed. Overcurrent low trip (OCL) — Operates at set currents of the ADC output up to Imeas(ADC)(fs) with the ADC measurement accuracy. The threshold level is set by register CURR_TRIPLEV_CHn. This protection can be disabled or delayed. Table 13. FET channel protection setting registers (addresses 07h, 1Ah to 23h, 25h) bit description Address Register Bit 07h SEL_CURR_TRIP_CHAN[1] 7 to 0 select current tripping for OCL in individual channels 7 to 0: Description 1 = selected 0 = not selected 1Ah IFSC_CH30[1] set Imeas(ADC)(fs) data bits in channels 3 to 0 to one of four current trip levels: 00 = 0.5 mA 01 = 1.0 mA 10 = 1.5 mA 11 = 2.0 mA 7, 6 set channel 3 full-scale current bits 1 and 0 5, 4 set channel 2 full-scale current bits 1 and 0 3, 2 set channel 1 full-scale current bits 1 and 0 1, 0 set channel 0 full-scale current bits 1 and 0 BUK3F00-50WDXX_4 Product data sheet © NXP B.V. 2008. All rights reserved. Rev. 04 — 4 September 2008 20 of 52 BUK3F00-50WDxx NXP Semiconductors Controller for TrenchPLUS FETs Table 13. FET channel protection setting registers (addresses 07h, 1Ah to 23h, 25h) bit description …continued Address Register 1Bh IFSC_CH74[1] Bit Description set Imeas(ADC)(fs) data bits in channels 7 to 4 to one of four current trip levels: 00 = 0.5 mA 01 = 1.0 mA 10 = 1.5 mA 11 = 2.0 mA 7, 6 set channel 7 full-scale current bits 1 and 0 5, 4 set channel 6 full-scale current bits 1 and 0 3, 2 set channel 5 full-scale current bits 1 and 0 1, 0 set channel 4 full-scale current bits 1 and 0 1Ch to 23h CURR_TRIPLEV_CHn[1] 7 to 0 overcurrent trip threshold in channels 7 to 0; each bit represents Imeas(ADC)(fs) / 255 25h CURR_TRIP_BLANKTIME 7, 6 not used: must be set to logic 0 5 to 0 set overcurrent trip blanking time; see Table 14 [1] A metal mask option WRITE_PROTECT is available, which means that this register is reloaded with the default value if an SPI watchdog time-out occurs. Table 14. Overcurrent low trip blanking time Blanking Value Time Value Time Value Time Value Time 00h 0 ms 0Ch 0.51 ms 18h 4.1 ms 24h 33 ms 01h 0.08 ms 0Dh 0.64 ms 19h 5.1 ms 25h 41 ms 02h 0.10 ms 0Eh 0.77 ms 1Ah 6.1 ms 26h 49 ms 03h 0.11 ms 0Fh 0.90 ms 1Bh 7.2 ms 27h 57 ms 04h 0.13 ms 10h 1.0 ms 1Ch 8.2 ms 28h 66 ms 05h 0.16 ms 11h 1.3 ms 1Dh 10 ms 29h 82 ms 06h 0.19 ms 12h 1.5 ms 1Eh 12 ms 2Ah 98 ms 07h 0.22 ms 13h 1.8 ms 1Fh 14 ms 2Bh 115 ms 08h 0.26 ms 14h 2.0 ms 20h 16 ms 2Ch 131 ms 09h 0.32 ms 15h 2.6 ms 21h 20 ms 2Dh 164 ms 0Ah 0.38 ms 16h 3.1 ms 22h 25 ms 2Eh 197 ms 0Bh 0.45 ms 17h 3.6 ms 23h 29 ms 2Fh 229 ms 9.5.3 Gate inductive ring-off clamp For high-side switches an inductive ring-off clamp can provide gate-source voltage to allow conduction through the FET. This protects the FET by reducing the possibility of high drain-source voltages when turning off current to an inductive load. The gate is initially set to the source voltage to turn the FET off. During turn-off an inductive load will force the source voltage negative and the gate will follow this until the voltage between gate and ground reaches the inductive ring-off clamping voltage VCL. As the source voltage continues negative, the gate-to-source voltage will increase, turning the FET on and allowing conduction through the FET and preventing excessive voltage between drain and BUK3F00-50WDXX_4 Product data sheet © NXP B.V. 2008. All rights reserved. Rev. 04 — 4 September 2008 21 of 52 BUK3F00-50WDxx NXP Semiconductors Controller for TrenchPLUS FETs source. The negative voltage on the source then forces current in the inductive load to reduce rapidly to zero. As the source voltage returns to ground, the gate-source voltage becomes zero and the FET is turned off. 9.5.4 Loss-of-ground protection A loss-of-ground condition can occur if the ground connection for the circuit is disconnected with the load ground still connected. With the FET off, it is possible for the ground voltage to drift up to battery voltage with the FET source voltage still held at ground. A resistance between pins GATE and KELVIN will hold the FET off provided the inductive ring-off clamping voltage VCL between gate and ground is not exceeded, otherwise the FET will start to turn on. Hence, loss of ground protection can only be guaranteed when VBAT < |VCL|. 9.5.5 Controller settings It is possible to select a low switching rate for high-side switches at the beginning of turn-on and at the end of turn-off. This switching option improves EMC in the high-side switching application. The PWM frequency can be monitored on pin PWMMON. This output has a 50 % duty cycle. Table 15. Controller settings register (address 0Eh) bit description Address Register Bit Description 0Eh CTRL_SET[1] 7 to 4 not applicable; set to logic 0 3 sets switching rate of turn-on and turn-off: 1 = low switching rate[2] 0 = high switching rate 2 PWM signal on pin PWMMON: 1 = available 0 = not available[3] 1 to 0 not used; must be set to logic 0 [1] A metal mask option WRITE_PROTECT is available which means that this register is reloaded with the default value if an SPI watchdog time-out occurs. [2] If the FIXED_GATE_SLEW_RATE setting is not set, the low switching rate is only set at the start of turn-on and turn-off; see Section 10 “Fixed functional settings”. [3] When signal not available, this pin goes to 0 V. 9.5.6 Open-circuit detection Open-circuit is normally detected when switches are in the on-state. The ADC checks that at least a minimal current is flowing through the sense circuit. The threshold level is determined by the setting DIG_OLTH[3:0] and is a mask option. For high-side switches it is possible to detect an open-circuit in the off-state. The FET kelvin source voltage is monitored with a current Idet(oc)off and an open-circuit is reported if the threshold voltage Vdet(oc)off is exceeded after a nominal 192 µs delay. This off-state open-circuit detection is independent of on-state open-circuit detection. For high-side switches in the off-state, it is also possible to detect when the voltage between pin KELVIN and VBAT is less than Vth(on)(bat-KEL) (a short-circuit). BUK3F00-50WDXX_4 Product data sheet © NXP B.V. 2008. All rights reserved. Rev. 04 — 4 September 2008 22 of 52 BUK3F00-50WDxx NXP Semiconductors Controller for TrenchPLUS FETs Table 16. Off-state open-circuit detection register (address 26h) bit description Address Register Bit Description OLDET_ONOFF 7 to 0 off-state open-circuit detection[1] in individual channels 7 to 0: 26h 1 = off-state open-circuit detection enabled in selected channel 0 = off-state open-circuit detection disabled in selected channel [1] For high-side switches only. 9.5.7 Channel selection Channel selection allows the FET channels to be switched on directly. Table 17. Channel selection register (address 01h) bit description Address Register Bit Description 01h CHAN_ONOFF 7 to 0 direct switch-on of individual channels 7 to 0: 1 = selected channel on 0 = selected channel off 9.5.8 Mapping channels for direct channel control and PWM Channels can be mapped to the input pin INP (intended for an external PWM signal) or to pins IN0 to IN3 for direct control (intended for fail-safe channel control by connection to VCC(LOG)EXT and GND, or an external PWM signal). All channels (0 to 7) can be mapped to pin INP. Channels 0 to 3 can be mapped to pins IN0 and IN1. Channels 4 to 7 can be mapped to pins IN2 and IN3. Input pins IN0 plus IN1 and IN2 plus IN3 are combined according to the AND/OR operation. If a channel is switched on (by register CHAN_ONOFF), the channel is switched on irrespective of the state on the direct input pins IN0 to IN3; see Section 9.5.7. Table 18. Channel selection and pin mapping register (addresses 02h to 05h) bit description Address Register 02h IN02_MAP[1][2] Bit Description direct input pins IN0 and IN2 mapping: 1 = mapped 0 = not mapped 03h 7 to 4 map individual channels 7 to 4 to pin IN2 3 to 0 map individual channels 3 to 0 to pin IN0 IN13_MAP[1][2] direct input pins IN1 and IN3 mapping: 1 = mapped 0 = not mapped 7 to 4 04h INP_MAP[2] map individual channels 7 to 4 to pin IN3 3 to 0 map individual channels 3 to 0 to pin IN1 7 to 0 direct input pin INP map channels 7 to 0: 1 = mapped 0 = not mapped BUK3F00-50WDXX_4 Product data sheet © NXP B.V. 2008. All rights reserved. Rev. 04 — 4 September 2008 23 of 52 BUK3F00-50WDxx NXP Semiconductors Controller for TrenchPLUS FETs Table 18. Channel selection and pin mapping register (addresses 02h to 05h) bit description …continued Address Register 05h ANDOR_MAP[1] Bit Description direct input pin AND/OR operation 7 to 4 direct input AND/OR operation for individual channels 7 to 4: 1 = pin IN2 AND pin IN3 0 = pin IN2 OR pin IN3 3 to 0 direct input AND/OR operation for individual channels 3 to 0: 1 = pin IN0 AND pin IN1 0 = pin IN0 OR pin IN1 [1] A metal mask option WRITE_PROTECT is available, which means that these registers are reloaded with the default value if an SPI watchdog time-out occurs. [2] In Watchdog mode; pins IN0 to IN3 reset channel faults (such as short-circuit) when the pin is set to LOW; Pin INP does not reset channel faults. Hence, it is not recommended that an external PWM signal is connected to pins IN0 to IN3 for normal operation. 9.5.9 FET channel on/off control Each FET channel can be switched by a request from different sources, the logical relationship between these sources is shown in Figure 7. watchdog timeout CHAN_ONOFFn PWM_DC_CHn IN02_MAPn IN0,IN2 1 IN13_MAPn IN1,IN3 0 0 DIAG_DETAIL_CH0 ONn 1 ANDOR_MAPn INP_MAPn INP CHAN_WD_MAPn Fig 7. 001aaf053 FET channel on/off request logic 9.5.10 Power dissipation The FET interface comprises a significant part of the BUK3F00-50WD thermal budget. The dissipation is caused by the regulation of the SENSE pin voltage while sinking the sense current. The dissipation, per channel, can be estimated from the product of ISENSE and VBAT. Special care should be taken at high battery voltages that the power dissipation does not cause the device to overheat. BUK3F00-50WDXX_4 Product data sheet © NXP B.V. 2008. All rights reserved. Rev. 04 — 4 September 2008 24 of 52 BUK3F00-50WDxx NXP Semiconductors Controller for TrenchPLUS FETs 9.5.11 Trip and retry This automatically handles short duration OCH, TONOCH and OCL faults. However, switching into a short-circuit imposes considerable stress on the MOSFET and may reduce its life. The user must ensure that the effects are fully evaluated before implementation. If there is any doubt, then trip and retry should not be used. If trip and retry is used and a channel still trips off, then the channel should not be turned on again before the fault has been removed. This may require a lock-out feature in the controlling software. The settings for trip and retry are given in Table 19 “Protected settings”. 9.5.12 Trip-latch The faults listed will trip-latch a channel: this will not allow the channel to turn on unless the latch is cleared. Overtemperature — with auto-reset turned off. Analog overcurrent — with no retries allowed. Turn-on overcurrent HIGH — (high-side switches only) with no retries allowed. Overcurrent LOW — with no retries allowed and OCL tripping enabled. To clear a channel trip-latch condition; see Section 11.1 “Reset for interrupt and SPI watchdog”. BUK3F00-50WDXX_4 Product data sheet © NXP B.V. 2008. All rights reserved. Rev. 04 — 4 September 2008 25 of 52 BUK3F00-50WDxx NXP Semiconductors Controller for TrenchPLUS FETs 10. Fixed functional settings A number of settings are fixed mask options. These settings do not have a register address and cannot be read or changed by the user. Table 19. Protected settings Name Bit DIG_OLTH Description open-circuit threshold level; 8-bit register 7 to 4 not applicable 3 to 0 high side: (0000) b3, b2, b1, b0 DIG_FET channel tripping behavior and filter times 8, 7 Version setting values FE FM FY 23h 23h 23h 0C1h 0C1h 0C1h tlow(bat) setting: 00/11 = 128 µs (min) to 144 µs (max) 01 = 256 µs (min) to 288 µs (max) 10 = 512 µs (min) to 576 µs (max) 6, 5 thigh(bat) setting: 00/11 = 16 µs (min) to 20 µs (max) 01 = 32 µs (min) to 40 µs (max) 10 = 64 µs (min) to 80 µs (max) 4 high-side channels on low VBAT: 1 = no trip 0 = trip 3, 2 trip channel output filter time: 00 = immediate 1, 0 TONOCH filter time (in turn-on state): 00 = immediate 01 = 1.0 µs 10 = 1.5 µs 11 = 2.0 µs (min) to 3.0 µs (max) CHAN_ALLOW_RETRY 7 to 0 allow trip and retry after OCH, TONOCH or OCL faults select channels 7 to 0: FFh FFh FFh 1Bh 1Bh 1Bh 1b 1b 1b 1 = allowed 0 = not allowed RETRY_SETTINGS trip retry delay and number of retries 4, 3 wait time before retry: 00 = 64 µs (min) to 128 µs (max) 01 = 192 µs (min) to 256 µs (max) 10 = 320 µs (min) to 384 µs (max) 11 = 448 µs (min) to 512 µs (max) 2 to 0 number of retries, set binary number WRITE_PROTECT 0 write protect (registers WD_TO and CHAN_WD_MAP)[1]: 1 = no write access 0 = write access BUK3F00-50WDXX_4 Product data sheet © NXP B.V. 2008. All rights reserved. Rev. 04 — 4 September 2008 26 of 52 BUK3F00-50WDxx NXP Semiconductors Controller for TrenchPLUS FETs Table 19. Protected settings …continued Name WDPN_LOW_TIME VSBATLOW_DEB_EN Bit Description Version setting values 7 to 0 watchdog time-out LOW time pulse (on pin WDTON) 0 00h = 1.0 ms 0Bh = 7.2 ms 16h = 49 ms 01h = 1.3 ms 0Ch = 8.2 ms 17h = 57 ms 02h = 1.5 ms 0Dh = 10 ms 18h = 66 ms 03h = 1.8 ms 0Eh = 12 ms 19h = 82 ms 04h = 2.0 ms 0Fh = 14 ms 1Ah = 98 ms 05h = 2.6 ms 10h = 16 ms 1Bh = 115 ms 06h = 3.1 ms 11h = 20 ms 1Ch = 131 ms 07h = 3.6 ms 12h = 25 ms 1Dh = 164 ms 08h = 4.1 ms 13h = 29 ms 1Eh = 197 ms 09h = 5.1 ms 14h = 33 ms 1Fh = 229 ms 0Ah = 6.1 ms 15h = 41 ms debounce on VBAT low signal: FE FM FY 00h 00h 00h 0b 0b 0b 1 = debounce enabled 0 = debounce disabled NXIFSC_CH0 - channel 0: ratio OCH and TONOCH trip level to Imeas(ADC)(fs) 6 6 6 NXIFSC_CH1 - channel 1: ratio OCH and TONOCH trip level to Imeas(ADC)(fs) 6 6 6 NXIFSC_CH2 - channel 2: ratio OCH and TONOCH trip level to Imeas(ADC)(fs) 6 6 6 NXIFSC_CH3 - channel 3: ratio OCH and TONOCH trip level to Imeas(ADC)(fs) 6 6 6 NXIFSC_CH4 - channel 4: ratio OCH and TONOCH trip level to Imeas(ADC)(fs) 3 6 6 NXIFSC_CH5 - channel 5: ratio OCH and TONOCH trip level to Imeas(ADC)(fs) 6 6 6 NXIFSC_CH6 - channel 6: ratio OCH and TONOCH trip level to Imeas(ADC)(fs) 6 6 6 NXIFSC_CH7 - channel 7: ratio OCH and TONOCH trip level to Imeas(ADC)(fs) 6 6 6 HL_CH0 to HL_CH7 - channel 0 to 7: FET configuration (high or low side) high high high FIXED_GATE_SLEW_RATE - rising and falling slew rates have fixed values during gate turn-on no yes yes [1] Also sets default register reload for watchdog time-out. BUK3F00-50WDXX_4 Product data sheet © NXP B.V. 2008. All rights reserved. Rev. 04 — 4 September 2008 27 of 52 BUK3F00-50WDxx NXP Semiconductors Controller for TrenchPLUS FETs 11. Diagnostic functions 11.1 Reset for interrupt and SPI watchdog An interrupt or SPI watchdog time-out can be reset by writing to the relevant write-only register. Values are not stored and cannot be read back. Table 20. Write-only (for reset) registers (addresses 29h, 2Ah) bit description Address Register 29h CLEAR_CHAN_INTN 7 to 0 clears all channels (7 to 0) and interrupt: Bit Description writing any value other than 00h to this register clears the interrupt and ISR register writing a logic 1 to any bit in this register clears the interrupt and ISR register AND clears the trip latch (resetting the retry register) for that specific channel 2Ah CLEAR_WD 7 to 0 clear watchdog state: writing any value to this register clears SPI Watchdog mode 11.2 Diagnostic data Diagnostic data can be obtained by reading data from the relevant 16-bit read-only registers. Send the register address as data to register READBACK (27h). Table 21. Read-only (for diagnostic data) registers (addresses 30h to 35h, 38h to 3Fh) bit description Address Register 30h DIAG_BASIC 31h Bit Description basic diagnostics 15, 14 channel 7 basic diagnostics 13, 12 channel 6 basic diagnostics 11, 10 channel 5 basic diagnostics 9, 8 channel 4 basic diagnostics 7, 6 channel 3 basic diagnostics 5, 4 channel 2 basic diagnostics 3, 2 channel 1 basic diagnostics 1, 0 channel 0 basic diagnostics DIAG_CTRL Bit latches [1] controller diagnostics 15 SPI error: wrong number of bits yes[2] 14 VBAT low yes[3][4] 13 SPI error: invalid address yes[2] 12 charge pump fault yes[3][4] 11 not used 10 logic reset has occurred yes[3] 9 watchdog time-out has occurred yes[3] 8 watchdog is enabled 7 to 0 channel configuration: 1 = high side 0 = low side BUK3F00-50WDXX_4 Product data sheet © NXP B.V. 2008. All rights reserved. Rev. 04 — 4 September 2008 28 of 52 BUK3F00-50WDxx NXP Semiconductors Controller for TrenchPLUS FETs Table 21. Read-only (for diagnostic data) registers (addresses 30h to 35h, 38h to 3Fh) bit description …continued Address Register 32h ISR Bit 14 yes [8] yes [8][12] yes channel tripped by controller (low battery) VBAT too low [8] yes charge pump fault [8] yes watchdog time-out [9] yes yes 9 wrong number of bits in SPI communication [10] 8 invalid address in SPI communication [10] yes [6] yes [6][11][12] yes [6][7] yes 7 to 5 4 channel index generating interrupt (binary number) channel tripped by overcurrent 3 channel tripped by overtemperature 2 channel overcurrent [6][11][13] yes channel open-circuit [6][14] yes channel temperature sensor diode open-circuit [6][15] yes 1 0 VERSION device version number 15 to 8 main version [16] 7 to 0 sub-version code [17] DIAG_CHAN_01 high-side FET on-state and open-circuit detection 15 to 8 high-side FET in on-state for channels 7 to 0 [18] 7 to 0 high-side FET open-circuit detected on channels 7 to 0 [18] DIAG_CHAN_02 38h to 3Fh logic reset has occurred [6][7] 12 10 35h channel overtemperature 13 11 34h Bit latches [5] interrupt status 15 33h Description TSNSOPEN and overtemperature detection states 15 to 8 value of TSNSOPEN signal for channels 7 to 0 7 to 0 not used DIAG_DETAIL_CHn detail diagnostics channels 7 to 0 15 to 8 digital current measurement 7 channel temperature sensor open-circuit [18] yes 6 open-circuit load detected [18] yes 5 not used 4 channel overcurrent [13][18] yes yes 3 channel overtemperature [18] 2 channel tripped by controller (low battery) [18] yes 1 shorted output to VBAT [18] yes 0 channel requested by user [1] Values for each channel are (in priority order): 00 = no controller fault. 10 = channel selected (normal or PWM). Applies during the PWM period when the channel and PWM are both selected. 01 = channel not selected but controller fault (low battery). This is latched, only cleared by reading DIAG_CTRL or selecting channel. 11 = channel selected but tripped off. Applies when the channel is selected but tripped by overcurrent or overtemperature. [2] Bit is cleared when register is read or by writing to CLEAR_CHAN_INTN (provided SPI fault is mapped to INTN). [3] Bit is cleared when register is read or by writing to CLEAR_CHAN_INTN (provided controller fault is mapped to INTN). BUK3F00-50WDXX_4 Product data sheet © NXP B.V. 2008. All rights reserved. Rev. 04 — 4 September 2008 29 of 52 BUK3F00-50WDxx NXP Semiconductors Controller for TrenchPLUS FETs [4] When bit is cleared, value 01 in DIAG_BASIC is also cleared. [5] The bits in this register latch when an interrupt is generated by the given source, once captured no new data is latched. The register is cleared by writing to CLEAR_CHAN_INTN. [6] Requires specific channel mapped in IRQ_CHAN_MAP. [7] Requires channel overtemperature to be mapped in IRQ_MAP. [8] Requires controller fault to be mapped in IRQ_MAP. [9] Requires watchdog time-out to be mapped in IRQ_MAP. [10] Requires SPI error to be mapped in IRQ_MAP. [11] Requires channel overcurrent to be mapped in IRQ_MAP. [12] Mapping channel tripped in IRQ_MAP also enables this bit. [13] If OCL protection is disabled and current exceeds the OCL level, the register bit is still set and an interrupt generated (provided channel overcurrent is mapped in IRQ_MAP). This is also true if OCL is delayed and the current exceeds the OCL level during the delay period. [14] Requires open-circuit detected to be mapped in IRQ_MAP. [15] Requires temperature sensor diode open-circuit to be mapped in IRQ_MAP. [16] Denotes main product version: 50WDFE: 0Ah Other types: 0Bh [17] Denotes type or mask version: 50WDFE: 02 50WDFM: 01 50WDFY: 02 Versions may change if mask changes occur during production. [18] Bit is cleared when register is read or by writing to CLEAR_CHAN_INTN. BUK3F00-50WDXX_4 Product data sheet © NXP B.V. 2008. All rights reserved. Rev. 04 — 4 September 2008 30 of 52 BUK3F00-50WDxx NXP Semiconductors Controller for TrenchPLUS FETs 12. Application design-in information VBAT Crf Cflt(CP) Cstg VOLTAGE REGULATOR Rflt(CP) VBAT CPN CPP CT Rflt VBAT(CP) Cp Cmod supply Cflt(CP) ANODE VCC(MOD) VCC(DIGC) GATE Cflt TrenchPLUS FET (8×) Cgate(comp) VCC(LOG)EXT SENSE RINTN WDEN WDTON ENABLE TIMEOUT MICROCONTROLLER RESET EN INTN INTERRUPT serial periheral interface RWDTON ENABLE CLOCK DATA OUT DATA IN SCSN SCLK SDI SDO SUPPLY MEASURE VCC(MEASC) KELVIN BUK3F0050WDxx RL IREFCURR IREFTEMP PWMMON RIREFTEMP RIREFCURR RIMEAS GND ground GND(CP) IMEAS GND(DIGC) A/D Crf ensure potential between grounds < 0.5 V 001aaf240 Fig 8. Application schematic The charge pump pin VBAT(CP) can be connected in any one of the following ways: • Connected directly to pin VBAT and the battery supply. • Connected through the internal resistor to pin VBAT and the battery supply. • Connected through the internal resistor to pin VBAT and a filter circuit to the battery supply (as shown in Figure 8). The method used depends on how important reducing the effect of charge pump noise is for the application circuit. BUK3F00-50WDXX_4 Product data sheet © NXP B.V. 2008. All rights reserved. Rev. 04 — 4 September 2008 31 of 52 BUK3F00-50WDxx NXP Semiconductors Controller for TrenchPLUS FETs Table 22. External component requirements Component Remark Value Charge pump capacitors Cp non-electrolytic; connect between pins CPP and CPN 20 nF (min) Cstg non-electrolytic; connect between pins VBAT(CP) and CT 1 µF (min) Current reference and measurement resistors connect between pins IREFTEMP and GND [1] 24.9 kΩ ± 1 % RIREFCURR connect between pins IREFCURR and GND [2] 24.9 kΩ ± 1 % RIMEAS connect between pins IMEAS and GND for sense currents up to 3 × Imeas(ADC)(fs) [3] 10 kΩ ± 2 % for sense currents up to 8 × Imeas(ADC)(fs) [3] 4.7 kΩ ± 2 % RIREFTEMP Digital output pull-up resistors RINTN connect between pins INTN and VCC(LOG)EXT 3.3 kΩ (min); 10 kΩ (typ); 100 kΩ (max) RWDTON connect between pins WDTON and VCC(LOG)EXT 3.3 kΩ (min); 10 kΩ (typ); 100 kΩ (max) TrenchPLUS FET sense Rsense resistance[4] Imeas(ADC)(fs) = 0.5 mA 100 Ω (min); 700 Ω (max) Imeas(ADC)(fs) = 1.0 mA 50 Ω (min); 350 Ω (max) Imeas(ADC)(fs) = 1.5 mA 33.3 Ω (min); 233.3 Ω (max) Imeas(ADC)(fs) = 2.0 mA 25 Ω (min); 125 Ω (max) Module supply decoupling Cmod Rflt Cflt 100 µF ± 20 % electrolytic connect between pins VCC(MOD) plus VCC(DIGC) and supply [5] 10 Ω ± 2 % non-electrolytic; connect between pins VCC(MOD) plus VCC(DIGC) and GND [5] 100 nF ± 5 % [6] 20 Ω (max) Optional charge pump filtering Rflt(CP) charge pump filter resistor connect between pin VBAT and battery supply Cflt(CP) charge pump filter capacitors connect between pin VBAT and GND and between Rflt(CP) and GND 100 nF (max) Optional gate Ciss compensation Cgate(comp) 1 nF ± 5 % for FETs with low Ciss Application circuit decoupling Crf value to be determined in the application circuit - value to be determined in the application circuit - Load resistor RL Direct input pin resistors (not shown in Figure 8) RINP connect between pins VCC(LOG)EXT, VCC(MOD) and pins IN0 to IN3 as required. 50 kΩ ± 2 % [1] Sets IF to nominal 250 µA. [2] Sets IIREFCURR to nominal 50 µA. [3] Selection of RIMEAS for sufficient dynamic range is also dependent on voltage of VCC(MEASC). Values quoted assume VCC(MEASC) = 5 V. [4] Rsense is the drain-source resistance of the sense cells of the TrenchPLUS FET at the nominal drain current. It can be estimated from the product of the current-sense ratio and the drain-source resistance of the main FET. [5] Pins VCC(MOD) and VCC(DIGC) can each have separate filtering for good decoupling. BUK3F00-50WDXX_4 Product data sheet © NXP B.V. 2008. All rights reserved. Rev. 04 — 4 September 2008 32 of 52 BUK3F00-50WDxx NXP Semiconductors Controller for TrenchPLUS FETs [6] If Rflt(CP) is not connected, then connect VBAT directly with a short. If required, the charge pump can also be supplied directly from VBAT. Table 23. TrenchPLUS FET connections per channel Connection Description Gate gate of the output power MOSFET switch Drain drain of the output power MOSFET switch Source source of the output power MOSFET switch Kelvin kelvin source connection for current measurement Sense analog current measurement cell of the MOSFET switch (provides input for digital and analog current measurement) Anode temperature sense diode (electrically isolated from other connections) Cathode temperature sense diode (electrically isolated from other connections); connect to GND 13. Limiting values Table 24. Limiting values In accordance with the Absolute Maximum Rating System (IEC 60134). Symbol Parameter Conditions Ptot total power dissipation Tamb ≤ 85 °C Tj junction temperature Tstg storage temperature [1] Min Max Unit - 1 W −40 +150 °C −40 +150 °C −32 +60 V Power supplies [2] VBAT battery supply voltage VCC(MOD) module supply voltage −0.5 +60 V VBAT(CP) charge pump battery supply voltage −32 +60 V VCC(DIGC) digital core supply voltage −0.5 +60 V −0.5 +5.5 V −0.5 +7 V −0.5 +0.5 V VCC(LOG)EXT external logic supply voltage VCC(MEASC) measure circuit supply voltage [3] ∆VVBAT-VBAT(CP) voltage difference between pin VBAT and pin VBAT(CP) [4] Ground levels[5] ∆VGND(bat-cp) ground voltage difference from battery to charge pump GND to GND(CP) −0.5 +0.5 V ∆VGND(bat-log) ground voltage difference from battery to logic GND to GND(DIGC) −0.5 +0.5 V ∆VGND(cp-log) ground voltage difference from charge pump to logic GND(CP) to GND(DIGC) −0.5 +0.5 V pins GATE, KELVIN, SENSE −32 +60 V pin ANODE −0.5 +7 V between pins KELVIN and VBAT −60 +2 V between KELVIN pins of 2 channels and between SENSE pins of 2 channels −60 +60 V FET connection pins Vx ∆V voltage on pin x voltage difference BUK3F00-50WDXX_4 Product data sheet © NXP B.V. 2008. All rights reserved. Rev. 04 — 4 September 2008 33 of 52 BUK3F00-50WDxx NXP Semiconductors Controller for TrenchPLUS FETs Table 24. Limiting values …continued In accordance with the Absolute Maximum Rating System (IEC 60134). Symbol Parameter Conditions Min Max Unit pins EN, IN0, IN1, IN2, IN3, INP, SCLK, SCSN, SDI, WDEN −1.5 - V - 1 mA corner pins - 750 V other pins - 500 V - 2 kV Digital input pins VI(dig) digital input voltage II(dig) digital input current Electrostatic discharge voltages electrostatic discharge voltage VESD [6] CDM [7] HBM [1] When Tj > 125 °C, the device will function, but electrical parameters may deviate from the specified values. [2] Circuits will survive higher transient voltages, provided the clamp rating is not exceeded. [3] This limiting value also applies to the open-drain output pins INTN and WDTON. [4] Pin VBAT can be connected from battery supply through pin VBAT(CP) and internal resistor. [5] All 4 GND pins must be connected together to ground. [6] CDM: C = 200 pF according to AEC-Q100-002 and 011. [7] HBM: C = 100 pF; R = 1.5 kΩ according to AEC-Q100-002 and 011. 14. Recommended operating conditions Table 25. Recommended operating conditions Symbol Parameter Conditions Min Typ Max Unit VBAT battery supply voltage operating 5.5 13 52 V VBAT(CP) charge pump battery supply voltage 9 13 52 V VCC(MOD) module supply voltage 4.6 13 52 V VCC(DIGC) digital core supply voltage 4.6 13 52 V 3.3 5 5.5 V 3.3 5 5.5 V - - 100 V/µs −40 +25 +125 °C pins KELVIN and SENSE (for sense current measurement) VBAT − 2.5 - VBAT + 0.4 V Supplies [1] VCC(LOG)EXT external logic supply voltage VCC(MEASC) SRbat measure circuit supply voltage [2] battery slew rate General Tamb ambient temperature FET connection pins VI(cm) common-mode input voltage Direct input pins fPWM(ext) external PWM frequency on pin INP - - 512 Hz fsw switching frequency on pins IN0, IN1, IN2 and IN3 - - 512 Hz SPI timing; see Figure 9 [3] fSPI SPI frequency 0 - 3 MHz tsu(SCSN) SCSN set-up time 10 - - ns td(SCSN) SCSN delay time 10 - - ns BUK3F00-50WDXX_4 Product data sheet © NXP B.V. 2008. All rights reserved. Rev. 04 — 4 September 2008 34 of 52 BUK3F00-50WDxx NXP Semiconductors Controller for TrenchPLUS FETs Table 25. Recommended operating conditions …continued Symbol Parameter Min Typ Max Unit tw(SCSN) SCSN pulse width Conditions 2 - - µs tsu(SDI) SDI set-up time 10 - - ns th(SDI) SDI hold time 10 - - ns tSCLKH SCLK HIGH time 50 - - ns tSCLKL SCLK LOW time 50 - - ns [1] When VBAT < 9 V, the charge pump cannot be guaranteed to drive the external MOSFETs to achieve their specified RDSon. [2] Higher slew rates can give uncontrolled device turn-on, device turn-off or channel switching. [3] For SDO output characteristics; see Table 30 “SPI and watchdog characteristics”. tw(SCSN) SCSN tsu(SCSN) tdis(SDO) tSCLKH tsu(SDI) SCLK th(SDI) tSCLKL td(SCSN) SDI tv(SDO) th(SDO) SDO 001aaf463 The shaded areas indicate the time that output data is not valid. Fig 9. SPI timing definitions 15. Thermal characteristics Table 26. Thermal characteristics Symbol Parameter Conditions Rth(j-a) thermal resistance from junction to ambient mounted on single-layer PCB, size 11.43 cm × 7.62 cm (4.5 inch × 3.0 inch) Typ Unit in free air 66 K/W at 1 m/s 54 K/W at 2.5 m/s 50 K/W Rth(j-pcb) thermal resistance from junction to printed-circuit board board cooled by cold plate 23 K/W Rth(j-c) thermal resistance from junction to case case cooled at constant temperature 35 K/W BUK3F00-50WDXX_4 Product data sheet © NXP B.V. 2008. All rights reserved. Rev. 04 — 4 September 2008 35 of 52 BUK3F00-50WDxx NXP Semiconductors Controller for TrenchPLUS FETs 16. Characteristics Table 27. Supplies characteristics VBAT = VCC(MOD) = 13 V; typical values are given at Tamb = 25 °C; limit values are given at Tcase = −40 °C to +125 °C; unless otherwise specified. Symbol Parameter Conditions Min Typ Max Unit Supplies: pins VBAT, VBAT(CP), VCC(MOD), VCC(LOG)EXT and VCC(MEASC) Standby and quiescent currents (pin EN = LOW) Istb(bat) Istb(mod) battery standby current module standby current VBAT = VBAT(CP) = 52 V [1][2] - 1.25 5 µA VCC(MOD) = VCC(DIGC) = 52 V [3][2] - 6.75 15 µA [4] - - 1 µA - - 1 µA [1][5] 3 - 10 mA [1][5] - - 12.5 mA [3][5] 5 - 10 mA Iq(log)ext external logic quiescent current VCC(LOG)EXT = 5 V; pins SCSN and WDEN not connected Iq(meas) measure quiescent current VCC(MEASC) = 5 V Operating currents (pin EN = HIGH) Ioper(bat) battery operating current VBAT = VBAT(CP) = 13 V; ISENSE = 2 mA [Imeas(ADC)(fs)] Ibat(M) peak battery current Ioper(mod) module operating current VCC(MOD) = VCC(DIGC) = 13 V; ISENSE = 2 mA [Imeas(ADC)(fs)] Imod(M) peak module current VCC(MOD) = VCC(DIGC) = 40 V; ISENSE = 6 × 2 mA [Imeas(ADC)(fs)] [3][5] - - 12.5 mA Ilog(ext)M peak external logic current VCC(LOG)EXT = 5 V; pin WDEN = LOW; pin SDO at 3 MHz; CL = 20 pF [4] - - 450 µA Ioper(meas) measure operating current VCC(MEASC) = 5 V; RIREFCURR = RIREFTEMP = 24.9 kΩ - - 1.5 × IO(meas) + 30 µA VBAT = VBAT(CP) = 40 V; ISENSE = 6 × 2 mA [Imeas(ADC)(fs)] Transient voltages: pins VBAT, VCC(MOD), VCC(LOG)EXT, VBAT(CP), CPP, CPN, CT, GATE, KELVIN, SENSE VCL clamping voltage ICL = 10 mA; tp = 300 µs 67.5 - 80 V 4.7 - 5.2 V Battery supply: pin VBAT and VBAT(CP) Normal battery operation Vth(uv)bat battery undervoltage threshold voltage Vhys(uv)bat battery undervoltage hysteresis voltage Vth(low)bat battery low threshold voltage Vhys(low)bat HIGH-to-LOW [6] LOW-to-HIGH 4.95 - 5.4 V [6] 140 250 mV HIGH-to-LOW [6] 1.85 - 2.15 V LOW-to-HIGH [6] 2.1 - 2.4 V [6] 150 225 300 mV - 3.0 - V 8 - 11 V - - 10 mA HIGH-to-LOW 4.1 - 4.55 V LOW-to-HIGH 4.2 - 4.6 V battery low hysteresis voltage 200 Reverse battery operation VG-bat IR(bat) voltage from gate to battery VBAT = −4 V battery reverse current VBAT = VBAT(CP) = −30 V VBAT = −30 V [1] Module supply: pin VCC(MOD) Vth(uv)mod module undervoltage threshold voltage BUK3F00-50WDXX_4 Product data sheet © NXP B.V. 2008. All rights reserved. Rev. 04 — 4 September 2008 36 of 52 BUK3F00-50WDxx NXP Semiconductors Controller for TrenchPLUS FETs Table 27. Supplies characteristics …continued VBAT = VCC(MOD) = 13 V; typical values are given at Tamb = 25 °C; limit values are given at Tcase = −40 °C to +125 °C; unless otherwise specified. Symbol Parameter Conditions Vhys(uv)mod module undervoltage hysteresis voltage Min Typ Max Unit 25 50 130 mV Reference outputs: pins IREFTEMP and IREFCURR VO(ref) reference output voltage IO(ref) reference output current RIREFCURR = RIREFTEMP = 24.9 kΩ [1] Total current = IBAT + IBAT(CP). [2] Standby currents valid provided VBAT and VCC(MOD) > 9 V. [3] Total current = ICC(MOD) + ICC(DIGC). [4] Does not include current through pins INTN or WDTON pull-up resistors. [5] All channels ON; with FET Crss = 210 pF; fSPI = 3 MHz. [6] Monitored on pin VBAT(CP). 1.20 1.24 1.28 V - µA 49.8 - Table 28. Charge pump characteristics VBAT = VCC(MOD) = 13 V; typical values are given at Tamb = 25 °C; limit values are given at Tcase = −40 °C to +125 °C; unless otherwise specified. Symbol Parameter Conditions Min Typ Max Unit fosc(cp) charge pump oscillator frequency VBAT > 5.5 V 400 500 600 kHz VO(cp) charge pump output voltage VBAT = 5.5 V to 9 V 4.5 - - V VBAT > 9 V 6 6.5 7.5 V Charge pump: pins VBAT(CP), CPP, CPN and CT tbst(cp) charge pump boost time Cstg = 1 µF; VBAT > 5.5 V - 500 - µs Vth(fault)cp charge pump fault threshold voltage HIGH-to-LOW - - 3 V LOW-to-HIGH 2.6 - - V 50 150 250 mV Vhys(fault)cp charge pump fault hysteresis voltage Table 29. Control circuits characteristics VBAT = VCC(MOD) = 13 V; typical values are given at Tamb = 25 °C; limit values are given at Tcase = −40 °C to +125 °C; unless otherwise specified. Symbol Parameter Conditions Min Typ Max Unit Digital control input: pin EN VIL LOW-level input voltage 1 - - V VIH HIGH-level input voltage - - 2 V Vhys(I) input hysteresis voltage 150 - 550 mV VCL(i) input clamping voltage 9.5 10.5 11.5 V Cin input capacitance - 10 - pF Rpd pull-down resistance 50 100 250 kΩ - - 100 µs - 1 1.6 ms - - 0.4 V ten enable time tdis disable time [1] Interrupt output: pin INTN VOL LOW-level output voltage II = 1.6 mA BUK3F00-50WDXX_4 Product data sheet © NXP B.V. 2008. All rights reserved. Rev. 04 — 4 September 2008 37 of 52 BUK3F00-50WDxx NXP Semiconductors Controller for TrenchPLUS FETs Table 29. Control circuits characteristics …continued VBAT = VCC(MOD) = 13 V; typical values are given at Tamb = 25 °C; limit values are given at Tcase = −40 °C to +125 °C; unless otherwise specified. Symbol Parameter Conditions Min Typ Max Unit Direct channel control inputs: pins IN0, IN1, IN2 and IN3 VIL LOW-level input voltage 1 - - V VIH HIGH-level input voltage - - 2 V Vhys(I) input hysteresis voltage 200 - 700 mV Cin input capacitance - 10 - pF Rpd pull-down resistance 50 100 250 kΩ [1] The time when both analog and digital circuits are enabled. High-side channels cannot be switched until the charge pump boost time has also elapsed. Table 30. SPI and watchdog characteristics VBAT = VCC(MOD) = 13 V; typical values are given at Tamb = 25 °C; limit values are given at Tcase = −40 °C to +125 °C; unless otherwise specified. Symbol Parameter Conditions Min Typ Max Unit SPI input pins SCSN, SCLK, SDI and output pin SDO VIL LOW-level input voltage 1 - - V VIH HIGH-level input voltage - - 2 V Vhys(I) input hysteresis voltage 200 - 700 mV Cin input capacitance - 10 - pF VOL LOW-level output voltage II = 1.6 mA - - 0.4 V VOH(log)(ext) external logic HIGH-level output voltage IO = 1 mA VCC(LOG)EXT − 0.4 - - V Rpd pull-down resistance pins SCLK and SDI 50 100 250 kΩ Rpu pull-up resistance pin SCSN 50 100 250 kΩ th(SDO) SDO hold time CL = 200 pF - - 100 ns tv(SDO) SDO valid time - - 116 ns tdis(SDO) SDO disable time - - 100 ns Watchdog input pin WDEN and output pin WDTON VIL LOW-level input voltage 1 - - V VIH HIGH-level input voltage - - 2 V Vhys(I) input hysteresis voltage 200 - 700 mV VCL(i) input clamping voltage 9.5 10.5 11.5 V Cin input capacitance - 10 - pF Rpu pull-up resistance pin WDEN 50 100 250 kΩ VOL LOW-level output voltage IO = 1.6 mA - - 0.4 V ∆tto(wd)/tto(wd) relative watchdog time-out time variation pin WDEN = HIGH 0 - 28 % [1] [1] Relative watchdog time-out time variation does not include clock frequency variation. BUK3F00-50WDXX_4 Product data sheet © NXP B.V. 2008. All rights reserved. Rev. 04 — 4 September 2008 38 of 52 BUK3F00-50WDxx NXP Semiconductors Controller for TrenchPLUS FETs Table 31. Pulse-width modulation characteristics VBAT = VCC(MOD) = 13 V; typical values are given at Tamb = 25 °C; limit values are given at Tcase = −40 °C to +125 °C; unless otherwise specified. Symbol Parameter Conditions Min Typ Max Unit −20 - +20 % Pulse-width modulator ∆fPWM/fPWM [1] relative PWM frequency variation PWM input: pin INP VIL LOW-level input voltage 1 - - V VIH HIGH-level input voltage - - 2 V Vhys(I) input hysteresis voltage 200 - 700 mV VCL(i) input clamping voltage 9.5 10.5 11.5 V Cin input capacitance - 10 - pF Rpd pull-down resistance 50 100 250 kΩ PWM output: pin PWMMON VOL LOW-level output voltage II = 1.6 mA - - 0.4 V VOH(log)(ext) external logic HIGH-level output voltage IO = 1 mA VCC(LOG)EXT − 0.4 - - V [1] Relative PWM frequency error includes clock frequency variation. Table 32. Current measurement characteristics VBAT = VCC(MOD) = 13 V; typical values are given at Tamb = 25 °C; limit values are given at Tcase = −40 °C to +125 °C; unless otherwise specified. Symbol Parameter Current EADC(I) Conditions Min Typ Max Unit −2 - +2 bit −4 - +4 bit type 50WDFE −11 - +15 bit other 50WDxx types −13 - +13 bit 0.00 × Imeas(ADC)(fs) - 0 5 µA 0.20 × Imeas(ADC)(fs) 15 20 25 µA 1.00 × Imeas(ADC)(fs) 92.5 102.5 112.5 µA 8.00 × Imeas(ADC)(fs) 660 820 980 µA measurement[1] ADC error (current) all ranges; RIREFCURR = 24.9 kΩ 0.01 × Imeas(ADC)(fs) 0.20 × Imeas(ADC)(fs) [2] [3] 0.80 × Imeas(ADC)(fs) IO(meas) measure output current all ranges; VCC(MEASC) = 5 V; RIMEAS = 4.7 kΩ; RIREFCURR = 24.9 kΩ [1] If measured without a FET, then connect a suitable resistor between pins VBAT and SENSE to ensure stability. [2] ADC accuracy ensured when VBAT and VCC(MOD) > 9 V. [3] ADC used at this level for on-state open-circuit detection. BUK3F00-50WDXX_4 Product data sheet © NXP B.V. 2008. All rights reserved. Rev. 04 — 4 September 2008 39 of 52 BUK3F00-50WDxx NXP Semiconductors Controller for TrenchPLUS FETs Table 33. Gate drive high-side switches characteristics VBAT = VCC(MOD) = 13 V; typical values are given at Tamb = 25 °C; limit values are given at Tcase = −40 °C to +125 °C; unless otherwise specified. Symbol Parameter Conditions Min Typ Max Unit VBAT = 5.5 V to 9 V 4.0 - 7.5 V VBAT > 9 V 5.5 6.5 Gate drive for high-side switches gate-source voltage VGS VCL(G) gate clamping voltage SRr rising slew rate on-state 7.5 V −28.5 −22.5 −20 V type 50WDFY 0.25 0.5 0.6 V/µs other 50WDxx types 0.5 1 1.2 V/µs 0.125 0.25 0.3 V/µs 0.25 0.5 0.6 V/µs type 50WDFY 0.25 0.5 0.6 V/µs other 50WDxx types 0.5 1 1.2 V/µs 0.25 0.5 0.6 V/µs inductive ring-off CTRL_SET[3] = 0 OR VKELVIN-GND > 2.5 V (high region); FET Crss = 210 pF [1] CTRL_SET[3] = 1 AND VKELVIN-GND < 2.5 V (low region); FET Crss = 210 pF type 50WDFY other 50WDxx types falling slew rate SRf CTRL_SET[3] = 0 OR VKELVIN-GND > 2.5 V (high region); FET Crss = 210 pF [1] CTRL_SET[3] = 1 AND VKELVIN-GND < 2.5 V (low region); FET Crss = 210 pF Ro(GATE-KELVIN) output resistance between pin GATE and pin KELVIN IG(sc) short-circuit gate current Standby mode; pin EN = LOW [2] 70 130 230 Ω gate hold-off [2] 70 130 230 Ω loss of ground; pin GND = VBAT 30 80 200 kΩ channel on; short-circuit to ground - - 2.5 mA [1] If fixed gate slew rate option is set, then rising and falling slew rates are constant irrespective of VKELVIN-GND. For accurate measurement of slew rates, VBAT supply must remain constant during test. [2] Specification includes pin KELVIN series resistance. Table 34. Protection circuits characteristics VBAT = VCC(MOD) = 13 V; typical values are given at Tamb = 25 °C; limit values are given at Tcase = −40 °C to +125 °C; unless otherwise specified. Symbol Parameter Conditions Min Typ Max Unit 236 248 260 µA trip level setting = 00b 2.235 2.305 2.355 V trip level setting = 01b 2.178 2.248 2.298 V trip level setting = 10b 2.088 2.158 2.208 V trip level setting = 11b 1.933 2.003 2.053 V Overtemperature protection IF forward current RIREFTEMP = 24.9 kΩ Vtrip(otp) over-temperature protection trip voltage RIREFTEMP = 24.9 kΩ [1] BUK3F00-50WDXX_4 Product data sheet © NXP B.V. 2008. All rights reserved. Rev. 04 — 4 September 2008 40 of 52 BUK3F00-50WDxx NXP Semiconductors Controller for TrenchPLUS FETs Table 34. Protection circuits characteristics …continued VBAT = VCC(MOD) = 13 V; typical values are given at Tamb = 25 °C; limit values are given at Tcase = −40 °C to +125 °C; unless otherwise specified. Symbol Parameter Vhys(trip)otp Conditions Min Typ Max Unit over-temperature protection trip hysteresis voltage 40 50 60 mV tfltr(trip) trip filter time 26 - 57 µs Vth(det)oc(TSD) temperature sensor diode open-circuit detection threshold voltage Tamb = −40 °C 2.5 - 3.9 V Tamb = +125 °C 2.4 - 3.8 V Overcurrent protection[2] Vth(on)(bat-KEL) on-state threshold voltage between battery and pin KELVIN HIGH-to-LOW [3] 1.65 1.95 2.25 V 1.50 1.80 2.10 V - 150 - mV −7.5 +3 +15 % trip ratio ≥ 5 −10 +5 +20 % trip ratio ≤ 4 −7.5 +7.5 +22.5 % −10 +5 +20 % LOW-to-HIGH Vhys(on)(bat-KEL) on-state hysteresis voltage from battery to pin KELVIN ∆Itrip/Itrip relative trip current variation OCH; RIREFCURR = 24.9 kΩ [3][4] type 50WDFY; TONOCH; Vsense = 3.5 V; RIREFCURR = 24.9 kΩ; high-side switch in turn-on state [4][5] other 50WDxx types; TONOCH; Vsense = 2.5 V; RIREFCURR = 24.9 kΩ; high-side switch in turn-on state [6] [4][5] [6] trip ratio ≥ 5 trip ratio ≤ 4 ∆tblank/tblank relative blanking time variation Vth(sense)low low sense threshold voltage −7.5 +7.5 +22.5 % 0 - 28 % 1 1.25 1.5 V open-circuit detected - - 0.5 / 255 × Imeas(ADC)(fs) µA open-circuit not detected 4.5 / 255 × Imeas(ADC)(fs) - - µA [7] HIGH-to-LOW; TONOCH operation Open-circuit detection Idet(oc)on on-state open-circuit detection current DIG_OLTH[3:0] = 3; RIREFCURR = 24.9 kΩ; all ranges BUK3F00-50WDXX_4 Product data sheet © NXP B.V. 2008. All rights reserved. Rev. 04 — 4 September 2008 41 of 52 BUK3F00-50WDxx NXP Semiconductors Controller for TrenchPLUS FETs Table 34. Protection circuits characteristics …continued VBAT = VCC(MOD) = 13 V; typical values are given at Tamb = 25 °C; limit values are given at Tcase = −40 °C to +125 °C; unless otherwise specified. Symbol Parameter Conditions Idet(oc)off off-state open-circuit detection current VKELVIN = 2.5 V Vdet(oc)off Min Typ Max Unit type 50WDFE 40 - 100 µA other 50WDxx types 55 - 115 µA 2.4 2.6 2.8 V off-state open-circuit detection voltage [1] Nominal trip voltages quoted for each level. Refer to data sheet for TrenchPLUS FET devices for equivalent temperature measurement. [2] If measured without a FET, then connect a suitable resistor between pins VBAT and SENSE to ensure stability. [3] Accuracy ensured when VBAT and VCC(MOD) > 9 V. [4] Nominal Itrip = n × Imeas(ADC)(fs), where n is the OCH and TONOCH trip level ratio for the product type; see NXIFSC_CHn in Table 19. [5] Until the channel is fully turned on, when voltage from battery to pin KELVIN < Vth(on)(bat-KEL). [6] VSENSE = 3.5 V for type 50WDFY, VSENSE = 2.5 V for other 50WDxx types. [7] Relative blanking time variation does not include clock frequency variation. 17. Application information 17.1 ElectroMagnetic Compatibility guidelines In some applications, problems associated with electromagnetic interference can occur, such as false overcurrent tripping, false overtemperature tripping or unexpected turn-on of individual channels. Vulnerable points can be where currents are induced from wiring harness connectors positioned close to sensitive control tracks (such as control lines or FET gate, sense and kelvin lines). Good PCB and circuit design, following RF design principles, can ensure such problems are avoided. The following guidelines are provided to achieve this. 17.1.1 Ground layers In multilayer PCB design, keep sensitive analog signals on the top PCB layer with a second ground layer acting as a shield. There should be no slits or breaks in this ground layer. 17.1.2 Circuit loops and tracks Keep the area of circuit loops small and the length of sensitive tracks short with components positioned as closely as possible. This particularly applies to FET gate, sense and kelvin lines. 17.1.3 Connector decoupling Decoupling capacitors should be fitted directly on, or as close as possible to, connectors, preventing currents being induced on FET or control tracks. 17.1.4 Module supply decoupling This supply can be decoupled for EMC with a small ferrite bead. Circuit analysis should include assessment of possible paths for EMC-induced currents from different wiring harnesses connected to the PCB. BUK3F00-50WDXX_4 Product data sheet © NXP B.V. 2008. All rights reserved. Rev. 04 — 4 September 2008 42 of 52 BUK3F00-50WDxx NXP Semiconductors Controller for TrenchPLUS FETs 17.2 ADC accuracy The ADC accuracy can be calculated at different measurement points using the graphs Figure 10 and Figure 11 or associated equation. The effect of additional errors in the reference current resistor can be estimated as a proportion of the resistor value. 001aag055 25 absolute bit error 20 y = 10.4x2 + 7.9x + 2 15 10 5 0 0 20 40 60 80 100 ADC measurement (% full scale) RIREFCURR = 24.9 kΩ. Fig 10. Maximum ADC bit errors (type 50WDFE) 001aaf455 20 absolute bit error 16 y = 5.5x2 + 9.7x + 2 12 8 4 0 0 20 40 60 80 100 ADC measurement (% full scale) RIREFCURR = 24.9 kΩ. Fig 11. Maximum ADC bit errors (other 50WDxx types) BUK3F00-50WDXX_4 Product data sheet © NXP B.V. 2008. All rights reserved. Rev. 04 — 4 September 2008 43 of 52 BUK3F00-50WDxx NXP Semiconductors Controller for TrenchPLUS FETs 17.3 Additional metal mask options Additional metal mask options can be provided with different default settings. Table 35 can be used to submit these requirements for assessment. Table 35. Registers for mask options Register Name Description 02h IN02_MAP direct input pins IN0 and IN2 mapping 03h IN13_MAP direct input pins IN1 and IN3 mapping 04h INP_MAP PWM input pin INP mapping 05h ANDOR_MAP direct input pin AND/OR operation 07h SEL_CURR_TRIP_CHAN select current tripping channel 08h CHAN_OT_FAULT_CLR channel set overtemperature fault clear 0Ch CHAN_WD_MAP select channel watchdog behavior 0Dh WD_TO watchdog time-out period setting 0Eh CTRL_SET controller settings 0Fh INT_PWM_FREQ internal PWM frequency setting 10h PWM_DC_CH0 internal PWM duty cycle setting for channel 0 11h PWM_DC_CH1 internal PWM duty cycle setting for channel 1 12h PWM_DC_CH2 internal PWM duty cycle setting for channel 2 13h PWM_DC_CH3 internal PWM duty cycle setting for channel 3 14h PWM_DC_CH4 internal PWM duty cycle setting for channel 4 15h PWM_DC_CH5 internal PWM duty cycle setting for channel 5 16h PWM_DC_CH6 internal PWM duty cycle setting for channel 6 17h PWM_DC_CH7 internal PWM duty cycle setting for channel 7 18h OT_TRIPLEV_CH30 overtemperature trip level channels 3 to 0 19h OT_TRIPLEV_CH74 overtemperature trip level channels 7 to 4 1Ah IFSC_CH30 full-scale reference current channels 3 to 0 1Bh IFSC_CH74 full-scale reference current channels 7 to 4 24h IRQ_MAP interrupt request mapping 25h CURR_TRIP_BLANKTIME current trip blanking time - DIG_OLTH open-circuit threshold level - DIG_FET channel tripping behavior and filter times - CHAN_ALLOW_RETRY channel allow trip and retry after OCH or TONOCH faults - RETRY_SETTINGS trip retry delay and number of retries - WRITE_PROTECT write protect (registers WD_TO and CHAN_WD_MAP) - WDPN_LOW_TIME watchdog time-out LOW time pulse (pin WDTON) - VSBATLOW_DEB_EN debounce on VBAT LOW signal - NXIFSC_CH0 channel 0 ratio OCH and TONOCH trip level to Imeas(ADC)(fs) - NXIFSC_CH1 channel 1 ratio OCH and TONOCH trip level to Imeas(ADC)(fs) - NXIFSC_CH2 channel 2 ratio OCH and TONOCH trip level to Imeas(ADC)(fs) - NXIFSC_CH3 channel 3 ratio OCH and TONOCH trip level to Imeas(ADC)(fs) - NXIFSC_CH4 channel 4 ratio OCH and TONOCH trip level to Imeas(ADC)(fs) - NXIFSC_CH5 channel 5 ratio OCH and TONOCH trip level to Imeas(ADC)(fs) BUK3F00-50WDXX_4 Product data sheet Setting required © NXP B.V. 2008. All rights reserved. Rev. 04 — 4 September 2008 44 of 52 BUK3F00-50WDxx NXP Semiconductors Controller for TrenchPLUS FETs Table 35. Registers for mask options …continued Register Name Description - NXIFSC_CH6 channel 6 ratio OCH and TONOCH trip level to Imeas(ADC)(fs) - NXIFSC_CH7 channel 7 ratio OCH and TONOCH trip level to Imeas(ADC)(fs) - HL_CH0 channel 0 FET configuration (high or low side) - HL_CH1 channel 1 FET configuration (high or low side) - HL_CH2 channel 2 FET configuration (high or low side) - HL_CH3 channel 3 FET configuration (high or low side) - HL_CH4 channel 4 FET configuration (high or low side) - HL_CH5 channel 5 FET configuration (high or low side) - HL_CH6 channel 6 FET configuration (high or low side) - HL_CH7 channel 7 FET configuration (high or low side) - FIXED_GATE_SLEW_RATE rising and falling slew rate to have fixed or variable values during gate turn-on BUK3F00-50WDXX_4 Product data sheet Setting required only high side available © NXP B.V. 2008. All rights reserved. Rev. 04 — 4 September 2008 45 of 52 BUK3F00-50WDxx NXP Semiconductors Controller for TrenchPLUS FETs 18. Package outline QFP64: plastic quad flat package; 64 leads (lead length 1.6 mm); body 14 x 14 x 2.7 mm SOT393-1 c y X A 48 33 49 32 ZE e E HE A A2 (A 3) A1 θ wM pin 1 index Lp bp L 17 64 detail X 16 1 w M bp e v M A ZD D B HD v M B 0 5 10 mm scale DIMENSIONS (mm are the original dimensions) UNIT A max. A1 A2 A3 bp c D (1) E (1) e mm 3 0.25 0.10 2.75 2.55 0.25 0.45 0.30 0.23 0.13 14.1 13.9 14.1 13.9 0.8 HD HE 17.45 17.45 16.95 16.95 L Lp v w y 1.6 1.03 0.73 0.16 0.16 0.1 Z D (1) Z E (1) 1.2 0.8 1.2 0.8 θ o 7 o 0 Note 1. Plastic or metal protrusions of 0.25 mm maximum per side are not included. REFERENCES OUTLINE VERSION IEC JEDEC SOT393-1 134E07 MS-022 JEITA EUROPEAN PROJECTION ISSUE DATE 00-01-19 03-02-20 Fig 12. Package outline SOT393-1 (QFP64) BUK3F00-50WDXX_4 Product data sheet © NXP B.V. 2008. All rights reserved. Rev. 04 — 4 September 2008 46 of 52 BUK3F00-50WDxx NXP Semiconductors Controller for TrenchPLUS FETs 19. Soldering of SMD packages This text provides a very brief insight into a complex technology. A more in-depth account of soldering ICs can be found in Application Note AN10365 “Surface mount reflow soldering description”. 19.1 Introduction to soldering Soldering is one of the most common methods through which packages are attached to Printed Circuit Boards (PCBs), to form electrical circuits. The soldered joint provides both the mechanical and the electrical connection. There is no single soldering method that is ideal for all IC packages. Wave soldering is often preferred when through-hole and Surface Mount Devices (SMDs) are mixed on one printed wiring board; however, it is not suitable for fine pitch SMDs. Reflow soldering is ideal for the small pitches and high densities that come with increased miniaturization. 19.2 Wave and reflow soldering Wave soldering is a joining technology in which the joints are made by solder coming from a standing wave of liquid solder. The wave soldering process is suitable for the following: • Through-hole components • Leaded or leadless SMDs, which are glued to the surface of the printed circuit board Not all SMDs can be wave soldered. Packages with solder balls, and some leadless packages which have solder lands underneath the body, cannot be wave soldered. Also, leaded SMDs with leads having a pitch smaller than ~0.6 mm cannot be wave soldered, due to an increased probability of bridging. The reflow soldering process involves applying solder paste to a board, followed by component placement and exposure to a temperature profile. Leaded packages, packages with solder balls, and leadless packages are all reflow solderable. Key characteristics in both wave and reflow soldering are: • • • • • • Board specifications, including the board finish, solder masks and vias Package footprints, including solder thieves and orientation The moisture sensitivity level of the packages Package placement Inspection and repair Lead-free soldering versus SnPb soldering 19.3 Wave soldering Key characteristics in wave soldering are: • Process issues, such as application of adhesive and flux, clinching of leads, board transport, the solder wave parameters, and the time during which components are exposed to the wave • Solder bath specifications, including temperature and impurities BUK3F00-50WDXX_4 Product data sheet © NXP B.V. 2008. All rights reserved. Rev. 04 — 4 September 2008 47 of 52 BUK3F00-50WDxx NXP Semiconductors Controller for TrenchPLUS FETs 19.4 Reflow soldering Key characteristics in reflow soldering are: • Lead-free versus SnPb soldering; note that a lead-free reflow process usually leads to higher minimum peak temperatures (see Figure 13) than a SnPb process, thus reducing the process window • Solder paste printing issues including smearing, release, and adjusting the process window for a mix of large and small components on one board • Reflow temperature profile; this profile includes preheat, reflow (in which the board is heated to the peak temperature) and cooling down. It is imperative that the peak temperature is high enough for the solder to make reliable solder joints (a solder paste characteristic). In addition, the peak temperature must be low enough that the packages and/or boards are not damaged. The peak temperature of the package depends on package thickness and volume and is classified in accordance with Table 36 and 37 Table 36. SnPb eutectic process (from J-STD-020C) Package thickness (mm) Package reflow temperature (°C) Volume (mm3) < 350 ≥ 350 < 2.5 235 220 ≥ 2.5 220 220 Table 37. Lead-free process (from J-STD-020C) Package thickness (mm) Package reflow temperature (°C) Volume (mm3) < 350 350 to 2000 > 2000 < 1.6 260 260 260 1.6 to 2.5 260 250 245 > 2.5 250 245 245 Moisture sensitivity precautions, as indicated on the packing, must be respected at all times. Studies have shown that small packages reach higher temperatures during reflow soldering, see Figure 13. BUK3F00-50WDXX_4 Product data sheet © NXP B.V. 2008. All rights reserved. Rev. 04 — 4 September 2008 48 of 52 BUK3F00-50WDxx NXP Semiconductors Controller for TrenchPLUS FETs maximum peak temperature = MSL limit, damage level temperature minimum peak temperature = minimum soldering temperature peak temperature time 001aac844 MSL: Moisture Sensitivity Level Fig 13. Temperature profiles for large and small components For further information on temperature profiles, refer to Application Note AN10365 “Surface mount reflow soldering description”. 20. Abbreviations Table 38. Abbreviations Acronym Description ADC Analog-to-Digital Converter ASIC Application-Specific Integrated Circuit CDM Charge Device Model EMC ElectroMagnetic Compatibility ESD ElectroStatic Discharge FET Field Effect Transistor HBM Human Body Model LSB Least Significant Bit MOSFET Metal Oxide Semiconductor Field Effect Transistor MSB Most Significant Bit PCB Printed-Circuit Board PWM Pulse-Width Modulation RF Radio Frequency SPI Serial Peripheral Interface BUK3F00-50WDXX_4 Product data sheet © NXP B.V. 2008. All rights reserved. Rev. 04 — 4 September 2008 49 of 52 BUK3F00-50WDxx NXP Semiconductors Controller for TrenchPLUS FETs 21. Revision history Table 39. Revision history Document ID Release date Data sheet status Change notice Supersedes BUK3F00-50WDXX_4 20080904 Product data sheet - BUK3F00-50WDXX_3 Modifications: • • • • • • Table 5: cross-references linking register numbers to descriptive sections added. Table 15: bit 3 description changed. Table note added. Table 33: rising slew rate: separate values for BUK3F00-50WDFY added. Table 33: falling slew rate: separate values for BUK3F00-50WDFY added. Table 33: output resistance between in GATE and pin KELVIN maximum value changed. Table 34: over-temperature protection trip voltage values changed. BUK3F00-50WDXX_3 20080617 Product data sheet - BUK3F00-50WDXX_2 BUK3F00-50WDXX_2 20080121 Product data sheet - BUK3F00-50WDXX_1 BUK3F00-50WDXX_1 20071128 Product data sheet - - BUK3F00-50WDXX_4 Product data sheet © NXP B.V. 2008. All rights reserved. Rev. 04 — 4 September 2008 50 of 52 BUK3F00-50WDxx NXP Semiconductors Controller for TrenchPLUS FETs 22. Legal information 22.1 Data sheet status Document status[1][2] Product status[3] Definition Objective [short] data sheet Development This document contains data from the objective specification for product development. Preliminary [short] data sheet Qualification This document contains data from the preliminary specification. Product [short] data sheet Production This document contains the product specification. [1] Please consult the most recently issued document before initiating or completing a design. [2] The term ‘short data sheet’ is explained in section “Definitions”. [3] The product status of device(s) described in this document may have changed since this document was published and may differ in case of multiple devices. The latest product status information is available on the Internet at URL http://www.nxp.com. 22.2 Definitions Draft — The document is a draft version only. The content is still under internal review and subject to formal approval, which may result in modifications or additions. NXP Semiconductors does not give any representations or warranties as to the accuracy or completeness of information included herein and shall have no liability for the consequences of use of such information. Short data sheet — A short data sheet is an extract from a full data sheet with the same product type number(s) and title. A short data sheet is intended for quick reference only and should not be relied upon to contain detailed and full information. For detailed and full information see the relevant full data sheet, which is available on request via the local NXP Semiconductors sales office. In case of any inconsistency or conflict with the short data sheet, the full data sheet shall prevail. 22.3 Disclaimers General — Information in this document is believed to be accurate and reliable. However, NXP Semiconductors does not give any representations or warranties, expressed or implied, as to the accuracy or completeness of such information and shall have no liability for the consequences of use of such information. Right to make changes — NXP Semiconductors reserves the right to make changes to information published in this document, including without limitation specifications and product descriptions, at any time and without notice. This document supersedes and replaces all information supplied prior to the publication hereof. Suitability for use — NXP Semiconductors products are not designed, authorized or warranted to be suitable for use in medical, military, aircraft, space or life support equipment, nor in applications where failure or malfunction of an NXP Semiconductors product can reasonably be expected to result in personal injury, death or severe property or environmental damage. NXP Semiconductors accepts no liability for inclusion and/or use of NXP Semiconductors products in such equipment or applications and therefore such inclusion and/or use is at the customer’s own risk. Applications — Applications that are described herein for any of these products are for illustrative purposes only. NXP Semiconductors makes no representation or warranty that such applications will be suitable for the specified use without further testing or modification. Limiting values — Stress above one or more limiting values (as defined in the Absolute Maximum Ratings System of IEC 60134) may cause permanent damage to the device. Limiting values are stress ratings only and operation of the device at these or any other conditions above those given in the Characteristics sections of this document is not implied. Exposure to limiting values for extended periods may affect device reliability. Terms and conditions of sale — NXP Semiconductors products are sold subject to the general terms and conditions of commercial sale, as published at http://www.nxp.com/profile/terms, including those pertaining to warranty, intellectual property rights infringement and limitation of liability, unless explicitly otherwise agreed to in writing by NXP Semiconductors. In case of any inconsistency or conflict between information in this document and such terms and conditions, the latter will prevail. No offer to sell or license — Nothing in this document may be interpreted or construed as an offer to sell products that is open for acceptance or the grant, conveyance or implication of any license under any copyrights, patents or other industrial or intellectual property rights. Quick reference data — The Quick reference data is an extract of the product data given in the Limiting values and Characteristics sections of this document, and as such is not complete, exhaustive or legally binding. 22.4 Trademarks Notice: All referenced brands, product names, service names and trademarks are the property of their respective owners. 23. Contact information For more information, please visit: http://www.nxp.com For sales office addresses, please send an email to: [email protected] BUK3F00-50WDXX_4 Product data sheet © NXP B.V. 2008. All rights reserved. Rev. 04 — 4 September 2008 51 of 52 BUK3F00-50WDxx NXP Semiconductors Controller for TrenchPLUS FETs 24. Contents 1 2 3 4 5 6 6.1 7 8 8.1 8.2 9 9.1 9.1.1 9.1.2 9.1.3 9.1.4 9.1.5 9.1.6 9.2 9.2.1 9.2.2 9.3 9.3.1 9.3.2 9.3.3 9.3.4 9.3.5 9.4 9.4.1 9.4.2 9.4.3 9.4.4 9.5 9.5.1 9.5.2 9.5.3 9.5.4 9.5.5 9.5.6 9.5.7 Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1 General description . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1 Features . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1 Applications . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1 Quick reference data . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2 Ordering information . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2 Ordering options . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2 Block diagram . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3 Pinning information . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4 Pinning . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4 Pin description . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4 Functional description . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7 Power and reference supplies. . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7 Battery supply: pins VBAT and GND . . . . . . . . . 7 Module supply: pins VCC(MOD) and GND. . . . . . 8 External logic supply: pins VCC(LOG)EXT and GND. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8 Analog measurement supply: pins VCC(MEASC) and GND. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8 Digital supply: pins VCC(DIGC) and GND(DIGC). 8 Reference supplies: pins IREFCURR and IREFTEMP . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8 Charge pump . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9 Charge pump supply: pins VBAT(CP) and GND(CP) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9 Charge pump boost mode . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9 Control logic . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9 Digital control . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9 Serial Peripheral Interface (SPI) . . . . . . . . . . . 13 SPI watchdog . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15 Pulse-Width Modulation (PWM) . . . . . . . . . . . 16 Interrupt . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17 Current measurement. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17 Current measurement circuits. . . . . . . . . . . . . 17 Analog current measurement output . . . . . . . 18 Digital current measurement output . . . . . . . . 18 Low battery supply voltage conditions . . . . . . 18 TrenchPLUS FET interface . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19 Overtemperature protection . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19 Overcurrent protection . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20 Gate inductive ring-off clamp . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21 Loss-of-ground protection. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 22 Controller settings. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 22 Open-circuit detection. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 22 Channel selection . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 23 9.5.8 9.5.9 9.5.10 9.5.11 9.5.12 10 11 11.1 11.2 12 13 14 15 16 17 17.1 17.1.1 17.1.2 17.1.3 17.1.4 17.2 17.3 18 19 19.1 19.2 19.3 19.4 20 21 22 22.1 22.2 22.3 22.4 23 24 Mapping channels for direct channel control and PWM . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 23 FET channel on/off control . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 24 Power dissipation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 24 Trip and retry . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25 Trip-latch. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25 Fixed functional settings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 26 Diagnostic functions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 28 Reset for interrupt and SPI watchdog . . . . . . 28 Diagnostic data . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 28 Application design-in information . . . . . . . . . 31 Limiting values . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 33 Recommended operating conditions . . . . . . 34 Thermal characteristics . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 35 Characteristics . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 36 Application information . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 42 ElectroMagnetic Compatibility guidelines. . . . 42 Ground layers. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 42 Circuit loops and tracks . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 42 Connector decoupling . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 42 Module supply decoupling . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 42 ADC accuracy . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 43 Additional metal mask options . . . . . . . . . . . . 44 Package outline . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 46 Soldering of SMD packages . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 47 Introduction to soldering. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 47 Wave and reflow soldering . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 47 Wave soldering. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 47 Reflow soldering. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 48 Abbreviations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 49 Revision history . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 50 Legal information . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 51 Data sheet status . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 51 Definitions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 51 Disclaimers. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 51 Trademarks . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 51 Contact information . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 51 Contents. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 52 Please be aware that important notices concerning this document and the product(s) described herein, have been included in section ‘Legal information’. © NXP B.V. 2008. All rights reserved. For more information, please visit: http://www.nxp.com For sales office addresses, please send an email to: [email protected] Date of release: 4 September 2008 Document identifier: BUK3F00-50WDXX_4