MC33170 RF Amplifier Companion Chip for Dual-Band Cellular Subscriber Terminal The MC33170 is a complete solution for drain modulated dual–band GSM 900MHz and DCS–1800MHz Power Amplifiers. Thanks to its internal decoder, the MC33170 drastically simplifies the interface between the PAs and the baseband logic section, providing an immediate gain in part count but also in occupied copper area. The device is also ready for 1V platforms since it accepts logic high control signals down to 900mV@25°C. A priority management system ensures the negative is present before authorizing the power modulation, giving the necessary ruggedness to the final design. This function can easily be disabled for PAs not requiring a negative bias. The device is able to directly drive an external P or N–channel with the possibility to linearize the overall response via the internal high–performance control amplifier and easily implement system gain. Finally, an LDO delivers a stable voltage, usable for external biasing purposes. http://onsemi.com 14 1 TSSOP–14 DTB SUFFIX CASE 948G PIN CONNECTIONS • • • • • 14 Tx Enable 2 GSM-900 3 13 Negative Regulator 12 Out 11 Vboost DCS-1800 4 • 1V platform compatible: ON voltage = 900mV, OFF voltage = 300mV max Priority management system prevents power modulation before negative bias establishes High performance 4.5MHz gain–bandwidth product operational amplifier Drives N or P–channel MOSFET 2.5V low–noise LDO Idle mode input for very low power consumption (standby mode) Common Enable 1 Band Selection PA Start-up 5 10 INV Gnd 6 9 NINV Vbat 7 8 LDO (Top View) ORDERING INFORMATION Device MC33170DTB Package Shipping TSSOP–14 96 Units / Rail MC33170DTBR2 TSSOP–14 2500 / Tape & Reel NINV Vboost Vbat (5.5 V Max) 9 Shutdown 2.5 V Low Dropout 2.5 V 11 7 6 12 Vbat Shutdown LDO Output Common Enable TX Enable Band Selection 2.5 V 8 + - 14 2 Open–Collector BG Decoder BD 1 B′G 1 mA Continuous 3 GSM–900 Semiconductor Components Industries, LLC, 2001 May, 2001 – Rev. 1 4 700 mA Peak 50 mA Continuous DCS–1800 1 NEGOK? 5 PA Start–Up Clip to –5 V 13 10 Negative INV Regulator Out Publication Order Number: MC33170/D MC33170 ÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁ ÁÁÁÁ ÁÁÁÁÁ ÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁ ÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁ ÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁ ÁÁÁÁ ÁÁÁÁÁ ÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁ ÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁ ÁÁÁÁ ÁÁÁÁÁ ÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁ ÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁ ÁÁÁÁ ÁÁÁÁÁ ÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁ ÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁ ÁÁÁÁ ÁÁÁÁÁ ÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁ ÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁ ÁÁÁÁ ÁÁÁÁÁ ÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁ ÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁ ÁÁÁÁ ÁÁÁÁÁ ÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁ ÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁ ÁÁÁÁ ÁÁÁÁÁ ÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁ ÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁ ÁÁÁÁ ÁÁÁÁÁ ÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁ ÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁ ÁÁÁÁ ÁÁÁÁÁ ÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁ ÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁ ÁÁÁÁ ÁÁÁÁÁ ÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁ ÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁ ÁÁÁÁ ÁÁÁÁÁ ÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁ ÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁ ÁÁÁÁ ÁÁÁÁÁ ÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁ ÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁ ÁÁÁÁ ÁÁÁÁÁ ÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁ ÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁ ÁÁÁÁ ÁÁÁÁÁ ÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁ ÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁ ÁÁÁÁ ÁÁÁÁÁ ÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁ ÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁ ÁÁÁÁ ÁÁÁÁÁ ÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁ ÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁ ÁÁÁÁ ÁÁÁÁÁ ÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁ ÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁ ÁÁÁÁ ÁÁÁÁÁ ÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁ ÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁ ÁÁÁÁ ÁÁÁÁÁ ÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁ ÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁ ÁÁÁÁ ÁÁÁÁÁ ÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁ ÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁ ÁÁÁÁ ÁÁÁÁÁ ÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁ ÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁ ÁÁÁÁ ÁÁÁÁÁ ÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁ ÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁ ÁÁÁÁ ÁÁÁÁÁ ÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁ ÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁ ÁÁÁÁ ÁÁÁÁÁ ÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁ ÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁ PIN DESCRIPTION Pin No. Pin Name Function Description 1 Band Selection Selects the transmit band A level high on this input selects the DCS chain. A zero selects the GSM chain. 2 Tx Enable Starts the power A level high on this pin enables the DCS/GSM chain and establishes a low–resistance link between pin 5 and 7 3 GSM–900 Biases the 900MHz section When pin 1 is at zero and pin 2 goes high, the LDO voltage appears on this pin (pin 14 is high) 4 DCS–1800 Biases the 1.8GHz section When pin 1 is at one and pin 2 goes high, the LDO voltage appears on this pin (pin 14 is high) 5 PA Start–up Enables the PA power section 6 Gnd The IC ground 7 Vbat The IC power supply 8 LDO Low DropOut regulator This output requires a 100nF decoupling and is able to deliver up to 10mA continuous 9 NINV Positive OPAMP input The non–inverting OPAMP input 10 INV Negative OPAMP input The inverting OPAMP input 11 Vboost Boost voltage from the PA When pin 2 goes high, the battery voltage appears on this pin with a 700mA peak current capability (pin 14 is high) The IC ground This pin is wired to the battery terminal. A 100nF decoupling capacitor is recommended, depending on the supply impedance This pin connects to a boost voltage delivered by the RF PA. This boost is necessary when driving an N–channel 12 Out The OPAMP output The output of the OPAMP/MOSFET driver pin 13 Negative Reg. The PA negative clip This pin clips the PA negative bias to —5V and prevents/authorizes the modulation depending on its typical level : <5.5V ––– 2.5V> OK <1.3V ––– –3.5V> NOTOK <–4.2V ––– –5V> OK Max. clipping current is 5mA 14 Common Enable Enables the whole IC When high, this pin puts the IC in on–mode http://onsemi.com 2 MC33170 ÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁ ÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁ ÁÁÁÁ ÁÁÁÁÁ ÁÁÁÁ ÁÁÁÁÁ ÁÁÁÁ ÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁ ÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁ ÁÁÁÁ ÁÁÁÁÁ ÁÁÁÁ ÁÁÁÁÁ ÁÁÁÁ ÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁ ÁÁÁÁ ÁÁÁÁÁ ÁÁÁÁ ÁÁÁÁÁ ÁÁÁÁ ÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁ ÁÁÁÁ ÁÁÁÁÁ ÁÁÁÁ ÁÁÁÁÁ ÁÁÁÁ ÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁ ÁÁÁÁ ÁÁÁÁÁ ÁÁÁÁ ÁÁÁÁÁ ÁÁÁÁ ÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁ ÁÁÁÁ ÁÁÁÁÁ ÁÁÁÁ ÁÁÁÁÁ ÁÁÁÁ ÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁ ÁÁÁÁ ÁÁÁÁÁ ÁÁÁÁ ÁÁÁÁÁ ÁÁÁÁ ÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁ ÁÁÁÁ ÁÁÁÁÁ ÁÁÁÁ ÁÁÁÁÁ ÁÁÁÁ ÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁ ÁÁÁÁ ÁÁÁÁÁ ÁÁÁÁ ÁÁÁÁÁ ÁÁÁÁ ÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁ ÁÁÁÁ ÁÁÁÁÁ ÁÁÁÁ ÁÁÁÁÁ ÁÁÁÁ ÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁ ÁÁÁÁ ÁÁÁÁÁ ÁÁÁÁ ÁÁÁÁÁ ÁÁÁÁ ÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁ ÁÁÁÁ ÁÁÁÁÁ ÁÁÁÁ ÁÁÁÁÁ ÁÁÁÁ ÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁ ÁÁÁÁ ÁÁÁÁÁ ÁÁÁÁ ÁÁÁÁÁ ÁÁÁÁ ÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁ ÁÁÁÁ ÁÁÁÁÁ ÁÁÁÁ ÁÁÁÁÁ ÁÁÁÁ ÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁ ÁÁÁÁ ÁÁÁÁÁ ÁÁÁÁ ÁÁÁÁÁ ÁÁÁÁ ÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁ ÁÁÁÁ ÁÁÁÁÁ ÁÁÁÁ ÁÁÁÁÁ ÁÁÁÁ ÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁ ÁÁÁÁ ÁÁÁÁÁ ÁÁÁÁ ÁÁÁÁÁ ÁÁÁÁ ÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁ ÁÁÁÁ ÁÁÁÁÁ ÁÁÁÁ ÁÁÁÁÁ ÁÁÁÁ ÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁ ÁÁÁÁ ÁÁÁÁÁ ÁÁÁÁ ÁÁÁÁÁ ÁÁÁÁ ÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁ ÁÁÁÁ ÁÁÁÁÁ ÁÁÁÁ ÁÁÁÁÁ ÁÁÁÁ ÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁ ÁÁÁÁ ÁÁÁÁÁ ÁÁÁÁ ÁÁÁÁÁ ÁÁÁÁ ÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁ ÁÁÁÁ ÁÁÁÁÁ ÁÁÁÁ ÁÁÁÁÁ ÁÁÁÁ ÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁ ÁÁÁÁ ÁÁÁÁÁ ÁÁÁÁ ÁÁÁÁÁ ÁÁÁÁ ÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁ ÁÁÁÁ ÁÁÁÁÁ ÁÁÁÁ ÁÁÁÁÁ ÁÁÁÁ MAXIMUM RATINGS Rating Pin No. Symbol Value MIN Value MAX Units Band selection 1 Vband 0 5.5 V Tx Enable 2 TxEn 0 5.5 V GSM–900 3 VGSM –5 5.5 V DCS–1800 4 VDCS –5 5.5 V PA Start–up 5 Vstartup 0 5.5 V Vbat 7 Vbat 0 5.5 V NINV 9 V+ 0 5.5 V INV 10 V– 0 5.5 V Boost voltage 11 Vboost 0 12 V Negative regulation pin 13 VZ –5.4 5.5 V Common Enable 14 CE 0 5.5 V ESD capability, HBM model All pins 2 kV ESD capability, Machine model All pins 200 V GSM/DCS PA startup PA startup 1 50 700 mA mA mA Maximum power dissipation NW suffix, plastic package @Tj=25°C NW suffix, plastic package @Tj=85°C Thermal resistance Junction–to–Air PD PD RJ–A 500 200 200 mW mW °C/W Operating Ambient Temperature Maximum Junction Temperature Maximum Operating Junction Temperature TA Tjmax Tj –40 to +85 150 125 °C °C °C Storage Temperature Range TSTG –60 to +150 °C Steering Switch, continuous output current Steering Switch, continuous output current Steering Switch, peak output current < 1µs 3–4 5 5 Note1: The control pins, CE, TxEn and Bands shall never exceed Vcc + 0.3V Note2: A 100nF decoupling capacitor is recommended between the IC Vcc and ground Note3: To avoid any damage to the IC, the following sequence must be secured: CE goes up then Tx goes up ––––> modulation startup TX goes down then CE goes down ––––> modulation stop http://onsemi.com 3 MC33170 ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS Characteristic Pin # Symbol Min Typ Max Unit 3.6 5.5 V INPUT SPECIFICATIONS (For typical values TA = 25°C, for min/max values TA = –40°C to +85°C, Max TJ = 125°C unless otherwise noted) 7 Input voltage range Vbat 2.7 Quiescent Current (ON mode) 1 band operating, no load, Vneg. Reg.= –4.2V, VCE = 900mV IQON 1.0 3.0 mA Standby current (OFF mode) CE pin at low level, Vbat = 5.5V, VNEG and Vboost open IQOFF 1.0 10 µA LOGIC CONTROL SPECIFICATIONS Logic Levels (For typical values TA = 25°C, for min/max values TA = –40°C to +85°C, Max TJ = 125°C unless otherwise noted) Logic Level zero Band Selection, Common Enable, TxEn 1–2 14 OFF Logic Level one Band Selection, Common Enable, TxEn 1–2 14 ON 300 mV 900 mV Timings (TA = 25°C) µs 4.0 Transmission Enable, device already ON 10% of TxEn to 90% of Vbat on PA start–up pin VOLTAGE REGULATOR SPECIFICATIONS Option section (For typical values TA = 25°C, for min/max values TA = –40°C to +85°C, Max TJ = 125°C unless otherwise noted) Output voltage 8 Output current 8 IregOUT Short circuit current (Vout = Vnominal – 300mV) 8 IregSHORT Line regulation Vin = Vout + 1V to 5.5V, device is ON 10mA load on pin 8, 100nF VregOUT 2.45 2.5 2.55 V 10 mA 20 7–8 mA µV 400 Dropout voltage at Iout = 10mA 8 VregDROP 150 mV Output capacitor 8 CregOUT 100 nF Ripple rejection F = 1kHz, Vin = Vout + 1V, Iout = 1mA, Cout = 100nF 8 PSRR RMS Noise voltage Iout = 1mA, Cout = 100nF, <20Hz — 200kHz> 8 Noise density @ 1kHz Iout = 1mA, Cout = 100nF 8 Dynamic parameters (TA = 25°C) Rise time : 10% of CE to 90% of VregOUT en 14–8 –70 dB 100 µV 330 nV/Hz 5.0 µs CONTROL AMPLIFIER SPECIFICATIONS (For typical values TA = 25°C, for min/max values TA = –40°C to +85°C, Max TJ = 125°C unless otherwise noted) Continuous current 12 ICONT 2.0 mA Peak current (sink and source) 12 IPEAK 10 mA Quiescent current entering pin 11 at 8V Device is in ON state and no load on pin 12 12 IQON 1.0 mA IIB 600 nA AVOL 60 dB GBW 5.5 MHz Input bias current, V+ = V– = 2V Open–loop voltage gain, TA = 25°C Gain Bandwidth Product measured at 100kHz Output voltage levels, Vnegreg=–5V Level high : Isource = 1mA Level low : Isink = 1mA 12 V VOH VOL Input offset voltage 9–10 http://onsemi.com 4 7.75 0.25 10 mV MC33170 Characteristic Pin # Symbol Min Typ Max Unit –4.2 V PROTECTION AND STABILIZATION CIRCUIT (For typical values TA = 25°C, for min/max values TA = –40°C to +85°C, Max TJ = 125°C unless otherwise noted) Negative bias present 12 No Negative protection disabled 12 2.5 Regulation level 12 –5.4 Sink current 12 V –5.0 –4.6 V 5.0 MA 60 160 STEERING SWITCHES, SERIES RESISTANCE (For typical values TA = 25°C, for min/max values TA = –40°C to +85°C, Max TJ = 125°C unless otherwise noted) GSM–900 @ Id = 1mA, Vbat = 5.5V 3 DCS–1800 @ Id = 1mA, Vbat = 5.5V 4 60 160 Power Amplifier Startup @ Id = 50mA, Vbat = 5.5V 5 1.0 2.0 Lack of negative circuitry behavior: The MC33170 hosts a circuitry that prevents the power modulation startup if the negative bias is not established. However, to accommodate with PAs that do make use of a negative bias, it is possible to connect pin 13 to pin 7 and thus invalidate the protection circuitry. The below sketch details the available levels to fulfil this function Vpin 13 OK 2.5V 0V NOT OK –4.2V OK –5V ÁÁÁÁÁÁ ÁÁÁÁÁÁ ÁÁÁÁÁÁ ÁÁÁÁÁÁÁ ÁÁÁÁÁÁ ÁÁÁÁÁÁÁ ÁÁÁÁÁÁ ÁÁÁÁÁÁ ÁÁÁÁÁÁ ÁÁÁÁÁÁÁ ÁÁÁÁÁÁ ÁÁÁÁÁÁÁ ÁÁÁÁÁÁ ÁÁÁÁÁÁ ÁÁÁÁÁÁ ÁÁÁÁÁÁÁ ÁÁÁÁÁÁ ÁÁÁÁÁÁÁ ÁÁÁÁÁÁ ÁÁÁÁÁÁ ÁÁÁÁÁÁ ÁÁÁÁÁÁÁ ÁÁÁÁÁÁ ÁÁÁÁÁÁÁ ÁÁÁÁÁÁ ÁÁÁÁÁÁ ÁÁÁÁÁÁ ÁÁÁÁÁÁÁ ÁÁÁÁÁÁ ÁÁÁÁÁÁÁ ÁÁÁÁÁÁ ÁÁÁÁÁÁ ÁÁÁÁÁÁ ÁÁÁÁÁÁÁ ÁÁÁÁÁÁ ÁÁÁÁÁÁÁ MC33170 operating truth table, pin levels: TxEN Band Selection Common Enable GSM–900 DCS–1800 PA startup X X 0 High–impedance High–impedance High–impedance 0 X 1 High–impedance High–impedance High–impedance 1 0 1 VLDO–Io.RDS(ON) High–impedance VBAT–Io.RDS(ON) 1 1 1 High–impedance VLDO–Io.RDS(ON) VBAT–Io.RDS(ON) Io is the current delivered by the considered pin, RDS(ON) is the switch series resistance as defined in the section Steering Switches http://onsemi.com 5 MC33170 TYPICAL OPERATING CHARACTERISTICS 2.502 900 800 700 600 BAND 500 400 2.498 TxEn Vout (V) LOGIC LEVEL (mV) ILDOout = 5mA 2.500 CE 300 ILDOout = 10mA 2.496 2.494 2.492 200 2.490 100 0 -40 -20 20 0 40 80 60 100 120 2.488 -50 140 150 Figure 2. LDO Voltage Output Variation with Temperature 140 2.55 120 2.53 Dropout = 10mA 100 DROPOUT (mV) LDO OUTPUT VOLTAGE (V) 100 TEMPERATURE (°C) Figure 1. TxEn, BAND, CE Logic Level with Temperature 2.51 2.49 VLDOout @ Vbat = 3.6V, 25°C 2.45 80 Dropout = 5mA 60 40 2.47 Dropout = 1mA 20 0 2 4 6 8 10 12 14 0 -40 16 -20 0 ILDOout (mA) 1400 2.0 1200 1.0 THRESHOLD (V) 3.0 1000 800 600 -4.0 40 60 100 120 140 80 100 120 -5.0 -40 140 Negative Neg-Reg Threshold -2.0 200 20 80 -1.0 -3.0 0 60 0 400 -20 40 Figure 4. LDO Dropout versus ILDOout Current @ 25°C 1600 0 -40 20 TEMPERATURE (°C) Figure 3. LDO Output Voltage versus LDO Output Current @ 25°C QUIESCENT CURRENT (nA) 50 0 TEMPERATURE (°C) TEMPERATURE (°C) Positive Neg-Reg Threshold -20 0 20 40 60 80 100 120 TEMPERATURE (°C) Figure 5. Quiescent Current versus Temperature Figure 6. Neg–Reg Thresholds versus Temperature http://onsemi.com 6 140 MC33170 -4.25 -4.94 -4.35 -4.96 -4.45 -4.98 NEG-REG CLAMP (V) NEG-REG CLAMP VOLTAGE (V) TYPICAL OPERATING CHARACTERISTICS (cont.) -4.55 -4.65 -4.75 -4.85 -4.95 -5.00 -5.02 -5.04 -5.06 -5.10 -5.15 -5.12 -5.25 0 4 2 6 8 NegReg Clamp @ 3mA -5.08 -5.05 -5.14 -40 10 -20 0 20 INEG-REG (mA) Figure 7. Clamp Voltage vs INeg–Reg Current @ 25°C 100 4.50 RISE TIME (µ s) TRANSMISSION TIME (ns) 140 4.52 TxEn 0.9V 80 TxEn 5.5V 60 40 20 4.48 4.46 4.44 4.42 10 60 110 4.40 160 2 4 6 8 TEMPERATURE (°C) 10 12 14 ILDOout (mA) Figure 9. Transmission Enable Propagation Delay versus Temperature Figure 10. LDO Rise Time versus Load @ 25°C 600 500 450 500 400 400 NVdson (mV) GROUND CURRENT (µ A) 120 100 4.54 120 300 200 350 I load=50mA 300 250 200 I load=100mA 150 100 100 0 -40 80 Figure 8. NegReg Clamp @ 3mA versus Temperature 140 0 -40 60 40 TEMPERATURE (°C) 50 10 60 0 -40 160 110 TEMPERATURE (°C) I load=300mA -20 0 20 40 60 80 100 TEMPERATURE (°C) Figure 11. Ground Current versus Temperature Figure 12. PA Start up Vdson @ Vbat 3.6V http://onsemi.com 7 120 140 MC33170 CHARACTERIZATION CURVES Iout, 5mA/div Vout, 10mV/div TA = 25°C Vout = 2.5V X = 50ms/div LDO’s output when banged from 0 to 10mA Audio susceptibility measurement fixture Measurement conditions: Tx = CE = 1.0V, Vcc = 3.6V, NegOut = Vcc, Cbyp = 100nF http://onsemi.com 8 MC33170 0 -10 -20 dB -30 -40 -50 -60 -70 10mA 1mA -80 -90 -50 50 0 100 150 FREQUENCY (Hz) Input voltage rejection at Iout = 1mA and 10mA Input audio susceptibility at Iout = 1mA/10mA Gain/phase measurement fixture http://onsemi.com 9 MC33170 180 50 135 Phase 45 30 20 Cout = 0 10 0 0 -45 Gain (dB) 90 40 Gain -10 Phase Operational amplifier AC measurements with: Vcc = 3.6V, Tx = CE = 1.0V, Vboost = 8V, Pin 12 loaded not loaded -20 -90 -30 -135 -40 -180 10000 100000 1000000 10000000 -50 100000000 FREQUENCY (Hz) MC33170 Bode plot 50 200 150 40 Gain 30 20 50 10 0 0 -50 -100 Cout = 1nF -10 Phase Operational amplifier AC measurements with: Vcc = 3.6V, Tx = CE = 1.0V, Vboost = 8V, Pin 12 loaded by 1nF -20 -30 -150 -200 10000 Gain (dB) Phase 100 -40 100000 1000000 10000000 -50 100000000 FREQUENCY (Hz) MC33170 Bode plot 450 400 nV/sqrt Hz 350 300 LDO output noise measurement with: Vcc = 3.6V, Tx = CE = 1.0V, Cout = 100nF, Iout = 1mA Integrated noise: 20Hz – 200kHz = 100µVrms 20Hz – 1MHz = 170µVrms 250 200 150 100 50 0 100 1000 10000 100000 1000000 FREQUENCY (Hz) Spectral noise density at Iout = 1mA http://onsemi.com 10 MC33170 MC33170 application hints The MC33170 represents a major leap toward miniaturization and compactness of Power Amplifiers (PAs) systems. Prior to talk about the 33170 application circuits, let us review how a classical dual–band transmission chain is implemented. At the beginning of the chain, the power ramping signal is delivered by the Baseband’s Digital to Analog Converter (DAC). Because of the digitization, a natural discontinuity appears between the various steps the signal is made of. As a matter of fact, this sharp transitions create undesirable effects and need to be smoothed by an external circuitry (figure 13). DAC staircase Filter action Figure 13. DAC’s signal can be smoothed by an appropriate circuitry this purpose. Unfortunately, to keep the quiescent power at its minimum during the GSM/DCS time–frame pauses (e.g. no power delivered), it is important to quickly remove the bias from the PAs. Conversely, the LDO shall be fast enough to bias the PAs at anytime, without hampering the overall response time. Such a task is difficult for an off–the–shelf regulator: a specific component has to be found. Thanks to their innovative designs, ON Semiconductor PAs, such as the aforementioned ones, do not require any external negative sources. However, some synchronization signals are needed to activate the internal circuitry and provide them with a stable operating point. This is usually done by using external low/high power switches. Finally, a safety system needs to be implemented to prevent the modulation start in case the negative bias is not established. Gathering all these information onto a final drawing gives birth to figure 14. The filtering action can be implemented in a various way, but usually a 3rd order Bessel filter represents a good choice. Actual solutions require the use of an external operational amplifier (OPAMP) dedicated to this function. For drain–controlled PAs, the power is directly dependent upon the supply delivered to the device. Several methods exist but the preferred one stays the N or P channel modulation. In this application, the N–channel is wired in a source–follower configuration and therefore needs an external voltage to ensure its adequate enhancement. This upper voltage can be obtained from a step–up converter or directly from ON Semiconductor PAs, as with the MRFIC0919 or MRFIC1819. To quickly charge/discharge the MOSFET Ciss capacitor, a dedicated driver is needed, with a voltage swing high enough to bias the N–channel toward its specified RDSON. Radio–Frequency PAs need stable bias levels to keep their operating point at the right place, despite supply variations. A Low DropOut (LDO) regulator is the obvious choice for Vboost Digital Analog Converter Active 3rd Order BESSEL Filter MOSFET Driver Level Translation Power Module Vbat LDO for Bias Point Shutdown Shutdown 900 MHz 1.8 GHz TX Negative Present? Dual RF PA Figure 14. Actual solution to drive a two–PA configuration http://onsemi.com 11 MC33170 MC33170 as a Bessel filter Thanks to its package, the MC33170 simplifies the implementation of any filtering/driving configuration, e.g. with either an N or P–channel MOSFET. Figure 15a details the way to wire a 100kHz filter while driving an N–channel MOSFET. In this application, a third order filter is achieved by combining a first pole passive RC–filter, followed by a second–order Sallen–Key complex pole–pair section. Vboost 33 pF Input 1k 19.88 k + - 10 680 pF MC33170 OPAMP Section 11 9 108.4 k Vbattery 12 MTSF3N02HD 6 22 pF 10 pF 100 k 100 k To Power Amplifier’s Drain Figure 15a. Using the MC33170’s OPAMP to filter out the DAC discontinuities through the feedback resistor (the 100k network in figure 3) and forces the output to follow the input ramp. With N–channels, it brings several benefits: 1. The input ramp does no longer deals with the MOSFET threshold voltage which can introduce a certain amount of delay in the response time. 2. At low powers, the distributions between the RDS(ON) is automatically compensated. With P–channels, the application does not need an elevated voltage to ensure the channel enhancement but maximizes the presence of the OPAMP to ensure a fully linear chain. As one can see, it is easy to select the desired gain value via the 100k feedback resistors and accordingly tailor it to the DAC output level. Figure 15a performs the filtering function but also delivers the adequate sink/source current to drive the MOSFET transistor. The two–component section of figure 2 is reduced into a single one, saving cost and PCB area. It also important to point out that the OPAMP section can be totally disabled by the Common Enable pin. Benefits of the closed loop configuration One of the MC33170’s key applications is to make the modulation section operating in a closed–loop configuration. That is to say, the power chain is closed http://onsemi.com 12 MC33170 1: input ramp 1: input ramp 2: output voltage Rload = 220nF//5 2: output voltage Rload = 220nF//5 Figure 15b. Going down with the 100kHz filter Figure 15c. Going up with the 100kHz filter The need of a fast regulator Since the internal LDO controls the PA’s bias points, it is important to quickly drive the regulator in order to ensure the minimum consumption during the non–modulation phases. A standard LDO has difficulties to react in less than 30µs. This delay would be unacceptable in a system operating with fast frames. The MC33170 internal LDO has be designed to react within less than 10µs, ensuring a prompt bias establishment. Figure 16 shows the way the bias voltage takes place, without any overshoot. 1: Common Enable Shot with 5µs per division 2: LDO output Rload = 220nF//1k Figure 16. A fast LDO ensures an immediate bias availability operating bias voltage to the PAs. With two distinct switches, the MC33170 low–current switches control the RF PA GSM 900MHz or DCS 1.8GHz. Once again, the reaction time of these elements is optimized to ensure a fast operation. Figure 17a depicts the typical signal variations. Please note that the Tx pin is controlled via a logic 0 1 of 1V ensuring the compatibility with 1V platforms. The LDO requires a standard 100nF decoupling capacitor to keep its output stable. The typical output noise stays within 100µV from 100Hz to 100kHz. High and low current switches The MC33170 hosts two types of steering switch. The first one only deals with low currents since it delivers the http://onsemi.com 13 MC33170 1: Tx Enable 2: Start-up in 1: Tx Enable Start-up current 68//220nF 500mA/div 2: GSM/DCS control pin Figure 17a. Typical GSM/DCS pins response time Figure 17b. Peak current capability of the power switch Complete dual–band application Figure 18 shows how implementing the MC33170 in a complete dual–band application where a 100kHz filter is combined with the MOSFET driver. + Battery R9 19.88 k R8 1k Modulation Ramp Chip Enable C6 680 pF Band Selection 1 TX Enable 2 CE 14 Band TxEn Neg. Reg 13 3 GSM Out 12 4 DCS Vboost 11 5 PA Start 6 GND NINV 9 7 Vbat LDO 8 C8 33 pF R10 108 k M2 MTSF3N02HD C9 10 pF INV 10 R7 100 k R6 100 k MC33170 C5 100 nF GSM DCS C7 22 pF Zener Start Vboost Power Figure 18. A complete dual–band application with the MC33170 Application The MC33170 has been designed to fulfill the requirements of the new ON Semiconductor dual–band RF amplifier, the MRFIC1859. For demonstration purposes, the device was driven by the MC33170 in a simple gain two configuration. The below picture shows how the power signal drives the PA’s drain. http://onsemi.com 14 MC33170 Gate Signal Control Signal Figure 19. The driving signal delivered by the MC33170 allows fully linear power modulation GSM specifications In order to meet the GSM specifications, the modulation edges must be smoothed to fit into the spectral template. This can be accomplished by implementing figure 18’s Bessel filter and adjusting the cutoff frequency. Once the edges are smoothed, the complete systems nicely fits into the GSM template, as depicted by figure 20. Figure 20. Thanks to its flexibility, the MC33170 helps reaching the GSM specs http://onsemi.com 15 MC33170 PACKAGE DIMENSIONS TSSOP–14 DTB SUFFIX PLASTIC PACKAGE CASE 948G–01 ISSUE O NOTES: 1. DIMENSIONING AND TOLERANCING PER ANSI Y14.5M, 1982. 2. CONTROLLING DIMENSION: MILLIMETER. 3. DIMENSION A DOES NOT INCLUDE MOLD FLASH, PROTRUSIONS OR GATE BURRS. MOLD FLASH OR GATE BURRS SHALL NOT EXCEED 0.15 (0.006) PER SIDE. 4. DIMENSION B DOES NOT INCLUDE INTERLEAD FLASH OR PROTRUSION. INTERLEAD FLASH OR PROTRUSION SHALL NOT EXCEED 0.25 (0.010) PER SIDE. 5. DIMENSION K DOES NOT INCLUDE DAMBAR PROTRUSION. ALLOWABLE DAMBAR PROTRUSION SHALL BE 0.08 (0.003) TOTAL IN EXCESS OF THE K DIMENSION AT MAXIMUM MATERIAL CONDITION. 6. TERMINAL NUMBERS ARE SHOWN FOR REFERENCE ONLY. 7. DIMENSION A AND B ARE TO BE DETERMINED AT DATUM PLANE -W-. 14X K REF 0.10 (0.004) 0.15 (0.006) T U M T U V S S S N 2X 14 L/2 0.25 (0.010) 8 M B –U– L PIN 1 IDENT. F 7 1 0.15 (0.006) T U N S DETAIL E K A –V– ÉÉ ÇÇ ÇÇ ÉÉ K1 J J1 SECTION N–N –W– C 0.10 (0.004) –T– SEATING PLANE D G H DETAIL E DIM A B C D F G H J J1 K K1 L M MILLIMETERS MIN MAX 4.90 5.10 4.30 4.50 --1.20 0.05 0.15 0.50 0.75 0.65 BSC 0.50 0.60 0.09 0.20 0.09 0.16 0.19 0.30 0.19 0.25 6.40 BSC 0 8 INCHES MIN MAX 0.193 0.200 0.169 0.177 --0.047 0.002 0.006 0.020 0.030 0.026 BSC 0.020 0.024 0.004 0.008 0.004 0.006 0.007 0.012 0.007 0.010 0.252 BSC 0 8 ON Semiconductor and are trademarks of Semiconductor Components Industries, LLC (SCILLC). SCILLC reserves the right to make changes without further notice to any products herein. SCILLC makes no warranty, representation or guarantee regarding the suitability of its products for any particular purpose, nor does SCILLC assume any liability arising out of the application or use of any product or circuit, and specifically disclaims any and all liability, including without limitation special, consequential or incidental damages. “Typical” parameters which may be provided in SCILLC data sheets and/or specifications can and do vary in different applications and actual performance may vary over time. All operating parameters, including “Typicals” must be validated for each customer application by customer’s technical experts. SCILLC does not convey any license under its patent rights nor the rights of others. SCILLC products are not designed, intended, or authorized for use as components in systems intended for surgical implant into the body, or other applications intended to support or sustain life, or for any other application in which the failure of the SCILLC product could create a situation where personal injury or death may occur. Should Buyer purchase or use SCILLC products for any such unintended or unauthorized application, Buyer shall indemnify and hold SCILLC and its officers, employees, subsidiaries, affiliates, and distributors harmless against all claims, costs, damages, and expenses, and reasonable attorney fees arising out of, directly or indirectly, any claim of personal injury or death associated with such unintended or unauthorized use, even if such claim alleges that SCILLC was negligent regarding the design or manufacture of the part. SCILLC is an Equal Opportunity/Affirmative Action Employer. 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