MCP1703 250 mA, 16V, Low Quiescent Current Features Description • • • • • The MCP1703 is a family of CMOS low dropout (LDO) voltage regulators that can deliver up to 250 mA of current while consuming only 2.0 µA of quiescent current (typical). The input operating range is specified from 2.7V to 16.0V, making it an ideal choice for two to six primary cell battery-powered applications, 9V alkaline and one or two cell Li-Ion-powered applications. • • • • • • 2.0 µA Typical Quiescent Current Input Operating Voltage Range: 2.7V to16.0V 250 mA Output Current for Output Voltages ≥ 2.5V 200 mA Output Current for Output Voltages < 2.5V Low Drop Out Voltage, 625 mV typical @ 250 mA for VR = 2.8V 0.4% Typical Output Voltage Tolerance Standard Output Voltage Options (1.2V, 1.5V, 1.8V, 2.5V, 2.8V, 3.0V, 3.3V, 4.0V, 5.0V) Output voltage range 1.2V to 5.5V in 0.1V increments (50 mV increments available upon request) Stable with 1.0 µF to 22 µF output capacitance Short-Circuit Protection Overtemperature Protection The MCP1703 is capable of delivering 250 mA with only 625 mV (typical) of input to output voltage differential (VOUT = 2.8V). The output voltage tolerance of the MCP1703 is typically ±0.4% at +25°C and ±3% maximum over the operating junction temperature range of -40°C to +125°C. Line regulation is ±0.1% typical at +25°C. Output voltages available for the MCP1703 range from 1.2V to 5.5V. The LDO output is stable when using only 1 µF of output capacitance. Ceramic, tantalum or aluminum electrolytic capacitors can all be used for input and output. Overcurrent limit and overtemperature shutdown provide a robust solution for any application. Applications • • • • • • • • • • • • • Battery-powered Devices Battery-powered Alarm Circuits Smoke Detectors CO2 Detectors Pagers and Cellular Phones Smart Battery Packs Low Quiescent Current Voltage Reference PDAs Digital Cameras Microcontroller Power Solar-Powered Instruments Consumer Products Battery Powered Data Loggers Package options include the SOT-223-3, SOT-23A, and SOT-89-3. Related Literature • AN765, “Using Microchip’s Micropower LDOs”, DS00765, Microchip Technology Inc., 2002 • AN766, “Pin-Compatible CMOS Upgrades to BiPolar LDOs”, DS00766, Microchip Technology Inc., 2002 • AN792, “A Method to Determine How Much Power a SOT23 Can Dissipate in an Application”, DS00792, Microchip Technology Inc., 2001 Package Types 3-Pin SOT-23A 3-Pin SOT-89 VIN VIN SOT-223-3 4 3 1 2 GND VOUT © 2007 Microchip Technology Inc. 1 2 3 GND VIN VOUT 1 VIN 2 3 GND VOUT DS22049A-page 1 MCP1703 Functional Block Diagrams MCP1703 VOUT VIN Error Amplifier +VIN Voltage Reference + Overcurrent Overtemperature GND Typical Application Circuits MCP1703 VOUT 3.3V VOUT VIN 9V Battery DS22049A-page 2 + CIN 1 µF Ceramic VIN VIN COUT 1 µF Ceramic IOUT 50 mA GND © 2007 Microchip Technology Inc. MCP1703 1.0 ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS † Notice: Stresses above those listed under “Maximum Ratings” may cause permanent damage to the device. This is a stress rating only and functional operation of the device at those or any other conditions above those indicated in the operational listings of this specification is not implied. Exposure to maximum rating conditions for extended periods may affect device reliability. Absolute Maximum Ratings † VDD..................................................................................+18V All inputs and outputs w.r.t. .............(VSS-0.3V) to (VIN+0.3V) Peak Output Current ...................................................500 mA Storage temperature .....................................-65°C to +150°C Maximum Junction Temperature ................................. +150°C Operating Junction Temperature...................-40°C to +125°C ESD protection on all pins (HBM;MM)............... ≥ 4 kV; ≥ 400V DC CHARACTERISTICS Electrical Specifications: Unless otherwise specified, all limits are established for VIN = VOUT(MAX) + VDROPOUT(MAX), Note 1, ILOAD = 100 µA, COUT = 1 µF (X7R), CIN = 1 µF (X7R), TA = +25°C. Boldface type applies for junction temperatures, TJ (Note 7) of -40°C to +125°C. Parameters Symbol Min Typ Max Units Conditions VIN 2.7 — 16.0 V Note 1 Iq — 2.0 5 µA IL = 0 mA IOUT_mA 250 — — mA For VR ≥ 2.5V 50 100 — mA For VR < 2.5V, VIN ≥ 2.7V 100 130 — mA For VR < 2.5V, VIN ≥ 2.95V 150 200 — mA For VR < 2.5V, VIN ≥ 3.2V 200 250 — mA For VR < 2.5V, VIN ≥ 3.45V IOUT_SC — 400 — mA VIN = VIN(MIN) (Note 1), VOUT = GND, Current (average current) measured 10 ms after short is applied. VOUT VR-3.0% VR-2.0% VR±0.4 % VR+3.0% VR+2.0% V Note 2 Note 3 Input / Output Characteristics Input Operating Voltage Input Quiescent Current Maximum Output Current Output Short Circuit Current Output Voltage Regulation TCVOUT — 50 150 ppm/°C Line Regulation ΔVOUT/ (VOUTXΔVIN) -0.3 ±0.1 +0.3 %/V (VOUT(MAX) + VDROPOUT(MAX)) ≤ VIN ≤ 16V, Note 1 Load Regulation ΔVOUT/VOUT -2.5 ±1.0 +2.5 % IL = 1.0 mA to 250 mA for VR >= 2.5V IL = 1.0 mA to 200 mA for VR < 2.5V VIN = 3.65V, Note 4 VOUT Temperature Coefficient Note 1: 2: 3: 4: 5: 6: 7: The minimum VIN must meet two conditions: VIN ≥ 2.7V and VIN ≥ (VOUT(MAX) + VDROPOUT(MAX)). VR is the nominal regulator output voltage. For example: VR = 1.2V, 1.5V, 1.8V, 2.5V, 2.8V, 3.0V, 3.3V, 4.0V, or 5.0V. The input voltage VIN = VOUT(MAX) + VDROPOUT(MAX) or ViIN = 2.7V (whichever is greater); IOUT = 100 µA. TCVOUT = (VOUT-HIGH - VOUT-LOW) *106 / (VR * ΔTemperature), VOUT-HIGH = highest voltage measured over the temperature range. VOUT-LOW = lowest voltage measured over the temperature range. Load regulation is measured at a constant junction temperature using low duty cycle pulse testing. Changes in output voltage due to heating effects are determined using thermal regulation specification TCVOUT. Dropout voltage is defined as the input to output differential at which the output voltage drops 2% below its measured value with an applied input voltage of VOUT(MAX) + VDROPOUT(MAX) or 2.7V, whichever is greater. The maximum allowable power dissipation is a function of ambient temperature, the maximum allowable junction temperature and the thermal resistance from junction to air (i.e., TA, TJ, θJA). Exceeding the maximum allowable power dissipation will cause the device operating junction temperature to exceed the maximum 150°C rating. Sustained junction temperatures above 150°C can impact the device reliability. The junction temperature is approximated by soaking the device under test at an ambient temperature equal to the desired Junction temperature. The test time is small enough such that the rise in the Junction temperature over the ambient temperature is not significant. © 2007 Microchip Technology Inc. DS22049A-page 3 MCP1703 DC CHARACTERISTICS (CONTINUED) Electrical Specifications: Unless otherwise specified, all limits are established for VIN = VOUT(MAX) + VDROPOUT(MAX), Note 1, ILOAD = 100 µA, COUT = 1 µF (X7R), CIN = 1 µF (X7R), TA = +25°C. Boldface type applies for junction temperatures, TJ (Note 7) of -40°C to +125°C. Parameters Dropout Voltage Note 1, Note 5 Symbol 6: 7: Conditions 330 650 mV IL = 250 mA, VR = 5.0V 725 mV IL = 250 mA, 3.3V ≤ VR < 5.0V — 625 975 mV IL = 250 mA, 2.8V ≤ VR < 3.3V — 750 1100 mV IL = 250 mA, 2.5V ≤ VR < 2.8V — — — mV VR < 2.5V, See Maximum Output Current Parameter TDELAY — 1000 — µs VIN = 0V to 6V, VOUT = 90% VR, RL = 50Ω resistive eN — 8 PSRR — 44 — dB TSD — 150 — °C Thermal Shutdown Protection 5: Units 525 Power Supply Ripple Rejection Ratio 4: Max — Output Noise 3: Typ — VDROPOUT Output Delay Time Note 1: 2: Min µV/(Hz)1/2 IL = 50 mA, f = 1 kHz, COUT = 1 µF f = 100 Hz, COUT = 1 µF, IL = 100 µA, VINAC = 100 mV pk-pk, CIN = 0 µF, VR = 1.2V The minimum VIN must meet two conditions: VIN ≥ 2.7V and VIN ≥ (VOUT(MAX) + VDROPOUT(MAX)). VR is the nominal regulator output voltage. For example: VR = 1.2V, 1.5V, 1.8V, 2.5V, 2.8V, 3.0V, 3.3V, 4.0V, or 5.0V. The input voltage VIN = VOUT(MAX) + VDROPOUT(MAX) or ViIN = 2.7V (whichever is greater); IOUT = 100 µA. TCVOUT = (VOUT-HIGH - VOUT-LOW) *106 / (VR * ΔTemperature), VOUT-HIGH = highest voltage measured over the temperature range. VOUT-LOW = lowest voltage measured over the temperature range. Load regulation is measured at a constant junction temperature using low duty cycle pulse testing. Changes in output voltage due to heating effects are determined using thermal regulation specification TCVOUT. Dropout voltage is defined as the input to output differential at which the output voltage drops 2% below its measured value with an applied input voltage of VOUT(MAX) + VDROPOUT(MAX) or 2.7V, whichever is greater. The maximum allowable power dissipation is a function of ambient temperature, the maximum allowable junction temperature and the thermal resistance from junction to air (i.e., TA, TJ, θJA). Exceeding the maximum allowable power dissipation will cause the device operating junction temperature to exceed the maximum 150°C rating. Sustained junction temperatures above 150°C can impact the device reliability. The junction temperature is approximated by soaking the device under test at an ambient temperature equal to the desired Junction temperature. The test time is small enough such that the rise in the Junction temperature over the ambient temperature is not significant. TEMPERATURE SPECIFICATIONS Parameters Sym Min Specified Temperature Range TA Operating Temperature Range TA Storage Temperature Range Typ Max Units Conditions -40 +125 °C -40 +125 °C TA -65 +150 °C Thermal Resistance, 3LD-SOT-223 θJA θJC — — 62 15 — — °C/W EIA/JEDEC JESD51-7 FR-4 0.063 4-Layer Board Thermal Resistance, 3LD-SOT-23A θJA θJC — — 336 110 — — °C/W EIA/JEDEC JESD51-7 FR-4 0.063 4-Layer Board Thermal Resistance, 3LD-SOT-89 θJA θJC — — 75 10 — — °C/W 0.100 sq in copper on both sides of 2 sided board, with vias Temperature Ranges Thermal Package Resistance Note 1: The maximum allowable power dissipation is a function of ambient temperature, the maximum allowable junction temperature and the thermal resistance from junction to air (i.e., TA, TJ, θJA). Exceeding the maximum allowable power dissipation will cause the device operating junction temperature to exceed the maximum 150°C rating. Sustained junction temperatures above 150°C can impact the device reliability. DS22049A-page 4 © 2007 Microchip Technology Inc. MCP1703 2.0 TYPICAL PERFORMANCE CURVES Note: The graphs and tables provided following this note are a statistical summary based on a limited number of samples and are provided for informational purposes only. The performance characteristics listed herein are not tested or guaranteed. In some graphs or tables, the data presented may be outside the specified operating range (e.g., outside specified power supply range) and therefore outside the warranted range. Note: Unless otherwise indicated: VR = 1.8V, COUT = 1 µF Ceramic (X7R), CIN = 1 µF Ceramic (X7R), IL = 100 µA, TA = +25°C, VIN = VOUT(MAX) + VDROPOUT(MAX) or 2.7V, whichever is greater. Note: Junction Temperature (TJ) is approximated by soaking the device under test to an ambient temperature equal to the desired junction temperature. The test time is small enough such that the rise in Junction temperature over the Ambient temperature is not significant. 120 VOUT = 1.2V IOUT = 0 µA 5.00 4.00 GND Current (µA) Quiescent Current (µA) 6.00 +130°C -45°C 3.00 +90°C +25°C 2.00 1.00 0°C 0.00 2 VOUT = 1.2V VIN = 2.7V 100 80 60 40 20 0 4 6 8 10 12 14 16 0 18 40 80 Quiescent Current vs. Input FIGURE 2-4: Current. 5.00 4.00 +130°C 3.00 +90°C 2.00 +25°C -45°C 1.00 0°C VOUT = 5.0V VIN = 6.0V 100 80 60 VOUT = 2.5V VIN = 3.5V 40 20 0 0.00 2 4 6 8 10 12 14 16 0 18 50 100 FIGURE 2-2: Voltage. Quiescent Current vs. Input 6.00 Quiescent Current (µA) 0°C 4.00 -45°C +130°C 3.00 +25°C +90°C 2.00 FIGURE 2-5: Current. 200 250 Ground Current vs. Load 3.00 VOUT = 5.0V IOUT = 0 µA 5.00 150 Load Current (mA) Input Voltage (V) Quiescent Current (µA) 200 Ground Current vs. Load 120 VOUT = 2.5V IOUT = 0 µA GND Current (µA) Quiescent Current (µA) 6.00 160 Load Current (mA) Input Voltage (V) FIGURE 2-1: Voltage. 120 1.00 VOUT = 2.5V VIN = 3.5V 2.50 VOUT = 1.2V VIN = 2.7V IOUT = 0 mA 2.00 1.50 1.00 VOUT = 5.0V VIN = 6.0V 0.50 0.00 6 8 10 12 14 16 18 Input Voltage (V) FIGURE 2-3: Voltage. Quiescent Current vs. Input © 2007 Microchip Technology Inc. -45 -20 5 30 55 80 105 130 Junction Temperature (°C) FIGURE 2-6: Quiescent Current vs. Junction Temperature. DS22049A-page 5 MCP1703 Note: Unless otherwise indicated: VR = 1.8V, COUT = 1 µF Ceramic (X7R), CIN = 1 µF Ceramic (X7R), IL = 100 µA, TA = +25°C, VIN = VOUT(MAX) + VDROPOUT(MAX) or 2.7V, whichever is greater. 1.24 VOUT = 1.2V ILOAD = 0.1 mA 1.230 -45°C Output Voltage (V) Output Voltage (V) 1.240 0°C 1.220 1.210 +130°C 1.200 +90°C +25°C 1.190 1.180 1.23 -45°C 0°C +25°C 1.22 +90°C 1.21 +130°C 1.20 VIN = 3.0V VOUT = 1.2V 1.19 1.18 2 4 6 8 10 12 14 16 18 0 20 40 60 FIGURE 2-7: Voltage. Output Voltage vs. Input FIGURE 2-10: Current. 2.56 VIN = 3.5V VOUT = 2.5V 2.53 2.54 +90°C +130°C 2.52 Output Voltage vs. Load 2.54 VOUT = 2.5V ILOAD = 0.1 mA Output Voltage (V) Output Voltage (V) 2.58 2.50 2.48 0°C -45°C +25°C 2.46 2.44 2.52 +25°C +90°C 2.51 2.50 2.49 2.48 0°C -45°C 2.47 +130°C 2.46 2 4 6 8 10 12 14 16 18 0 50 Input Voltage (V) FIGURE 2-8: Voltage. 5.16 Output Voltage vs. Input 150 200 5.04 5.00 -45°C 0°C 4.96 +25°C 4.92 250 Output Voltage vs. Load 5.06 +90°C +130°C 5.04 FIGURE 2-11: Current. Output Voltage (V) 5.08 100 Load Current (mA) VOUT = 5.0V ILOAD = 0.1 mA 5.12 Output Voltage (V) 80 100 120 140 160 180 200 Load Current (mA) Input Voltage (V) 4.88 VIN = 6V VOUT = 5.0V +90°C +130°C 5.02 5.00 4.98 0°C 4.96 -45°C +25°C 4.94 4.92 6 8 10 12 14 16 18 0 Input Voltage (V) FIGURE 2-9: Voltage. DS22049A-page 6 Output Voltage vs. Input 50 100 150 200 250 Load Current (mA) FIGURE 2-12: Current. Output Voltage vs. Load © 2007 Microchip Technology Inc. MCP1703 Dropout Voltage (V) Note: Unless otherwise indicated: VR = 1.8V, COUT = 1 µF Ceramic (X7R), CIN = 1 µF Ceramic (X7R), IL = 100 µA, TA = +25°C, VIN = VOUT(MAX) + VDROPOUT(MAX) or 2.7V, whichever is greater. 1.00 0.90 0.80 0.70 0.60 0.50 0.40 0.30 0.20 0.10 0.00 VOUT = 2.5V +130°C +90°C +25°C +0°C -45°C 0 25 50 75 100 125 150 175 200 225 250 Load Current (mA) 0.50 0.45 0.40 0.35 0.30 0.25 0.20 0.15 0.10 0.05 0.00 Dropout Voltage vs. Load +130°C +90°C +25°C +0°C -45°C 25 50 Dynamic Line Response. 900 VOUT = 5.0V 0 FIGURE 2-16: Short Circuit Current (mA) Dropout Voltage (V) FIGURE 2-13: Current. VOUT = 2.5V ROUT < 0.1? 800 700 600 500 400 300 200 100 0 75 100 125 150 175 200 225 250 2 4 6 8 Load Current (mA) FIGURE 2-14: Current. Dropout Voltage vs. Load 10 12 14 16 18 Input Voltage (V) FIGURE 2-17: Input Voltage. Short Circuit Current vs. Load Regulation (%) 1.00 VOUT = 1.2V IOUT = 1 mA to 200 mA VIN = 6V 0.90 VIN = 12V 0.80 0.70 0.60 0.50 VIN = 16V 0.40 0.30 VIN = 14V VIN = 3.8V VIN = 3.2V 0.20 -45 -20 5 30 55 80 105 130 Temperature (°C) FIGURE 2-15: Dynamic Line Response. © 2007 Microchip Technology Inc. FIGURE 2-18: Temperature. Load Regulation vs. DS22049A-page 7 MCP1703 Note: Unless otherwise indicated: VR = 1.8V, COUT = 1 µF Ceramic (X7R), CIN = 1 µF Ceramic (X7R), IL = 100 µA, TA = +25°C, VIN = VOUT(MAX) + VDROPOUT(MAX) or 2.7V, whichever is greater. 1.00 VIN = 16V 0.80 0.20 VOUT = 2.5V IOUT = 1 mA to 250 mA 0.60 Line Regulation (%/V) Load Regulation (%) 1.20 VIN = 6V 0.40 0.20 0.00 VIN = 3.5V VIN = 12V -0.20 VIN = 14V -0.40 -45 -20 5 30 55 80 105 VOUT = 2.5V VIN = 3.5V to 16V 0.16 200 mA 0.08 100 mA 0.04 0 mA 0.00 -45 130 -20 5 Load Regulation (%) 0.80 FIGURE 2-22: Temperature. VOUT = 5.0V IOUT = 1 to 250 mA VIN = 16V VIN = 6V 0.60 VIN = 12V 0.40 0.20 0.00 VIN = 8V -0.20 VIN = 14V -0.40 -45 -20 5 30 55 80 105 0.14 130 VOUT = 5.0V VIN = 6.0V to 16.0V 200mA 0.14 250 mA 0.12 0.10 0 mA 100 mA 0.08 -45 -20 5 30 55 80 105 130 Temperature (°C) Load Regulation vs. FIGURE 2-23: Temperature. Line Regulation vs. 0 VIN = 3.0 to 16.0V VOUT = 1.2V -10 -20 0.12 0.10 105 0.06 130 200 mA 1 mA 0.08 0.06 0 mA 0.04 100 mA PSRR (dB) Line Regulation (%/V) 0.16 80 Line Regulation vs. 0.16 Temperature (°C) FIGURE 2-20: Temperature. 55 0.18 Line Regulation (%/V) Load Regulation vs. 1.00 30 Temperature (°C) Temperature (°C) FIGURE 2-19: Temperature. 250 mA 0.12 -30 -40 -50 VR=1.2V VIN=2.7V VINAC = 100 mV p-p CIN=0 μF IOUT=100 µA -60 -70 0.02 -80 0.00 -45 -20 5 30 55 80 105 130 -90 0.01 0.1 Temperature (°C) FIGURE 2-21: Temperature. DS22049A-page 8 Line Regulation vs. FIGURE 2-24: 1 10 Frequency (kHz) 100 1000 PSRR vs. Frequency. © 2007 Microchip Technology Inc. MCP1703 Note: Unless otherwise indicated: VR = 1.8V, COUT = 1 µF Ceramic (X7R), CIN = 1 µF Ceramic (X7R), IL = 100 µA, TA = +25°C, VIN = VOUT(MAX) + VDROPOUT(MAX) or 2.7V, whichever is greater. 0 PSRR (dB) -10 -20 -30 -40 -50 VR=5.0V VIN=6.0V VINAC = 100 mV p-p CIN=0 μF IOUT=100 µA -60 -70 -80 -90 0.01 0.1 FIGURE 2-25: 1 10 Frequency (KHz) 1000 PSRR vs. Frequency. 100 VR=5.0V, VIN=6.0V Noise (µV/ √Hz) 100 FIGURE 2-28: Dynamic Load Response. FIGURE 2-29: Dynamic Load Response. IOUT=50 mA 10 1 VR=2.8V, VIN=3.8V 0.1 VR=1.2V, VIN=2.7V 0.01 0.001 0.01 0.1 1 10 Frequency (kHz) 100 1000 FIGURE 2-26: Output Noise vs. Frequency. FIGURE 2-27: Power Up Timing. © 2007 Microchip Technology Inc. DS22049A-page 9 MCP1703 3.0 PIN DESCRIPTIONS The descriptions of the pins are listed in Table 3-1. TABLE 3-1: MCP1703 PIN FUNCTION TABLE Pin No. SOT-223-3 Pin No. SOT-23A Pin No. SOT-89-3 Name 2 1 1 GND Ground Terminal 3 2 3 VOUT Regulated Voltage Output 1 3 2,Tab VIN Unregulated Supply Voltage - - NC No connection 3.1 Ground Terminal (GND) Regulator ground. Tie GND to the negative side of the output and the negative side of the input capacitor. Only the LDO bias current (2.0 µA typical) flows out of this pin; there is no high current. The LDO output regulation is referenced to this pin. Minimize voltage drops between this pin and the negative side of the load. 3.2 Regulated Output Voltage (VOUT) Connect VOUT to the positive side of the load and the positive terminal of the output capacitor. The positive side of the output capacitor should be physically located as close to the LDO VOUT pin as is practical. The current flowing out of this pin is equal to the DC load current. DS22049A-page 10 Function 3.3 Unregulated Input Voltage (VIN) Connect VIN to the input unregulated source voltage. Like all low dropout linear regulators, low source impedance is necessary for the stable operation of the LDO. The amount of capacitance required to ensure low source impedance will depend on the proximity of the input source capacitors or battery type. For most applications, 1 µF of capacitance will ensure stable operation of the LDO circuit. For applications that have load currents below 100 mA, the input capacitance requirement can be lowered. The type of capacitor used can be ceramic, tantalum or aluminum electrolytic. The low ESR characteristics of the ceramic will yield better noise and PSRR performance at highfrequency. © 2007 Microchip Technology Inc. MCP1703 4.0 DETAILED DESCRIPTION 4.1 Output Regulation 4.3 A portion of the LDO output voltage is fed back to the internal error amplifier and compared with the precision internal band-gap reference. The error amplifier output will adjust the amount of current that flows through the P-Channel pass transistor, thus regulating the output voltage to the desired value. Any changes in input voltage or output current will cause the error amplifier to respond and adjust the output voltage to the target voltage (refer to Figure 4-1). 4.2 Overtemperature The internal power dissipation within the LDO is a function of input-to-output voltage differential and load current. If the power dissipation within the LDO is excessive, the internal junction temperature will rise above the typical shutdown threshold of 150°C. At that point, the LDO will shut down and begin to cool to the typical turn-on junction temperature of 130°C. If the power dissipation is low enough, the device will continue to cool and operate normally. If the power dissipation remains high, the thermal shutdown protection circuitry will again turn off the LDO, protecting it from catastrophic failure. Overcurrent The MCP1703 internal circuitry monitors the amount of current flowing through the P-Channel pass transistor. In the event of a short-circuit or excessive output current, the MCP1703 will turn off the P-Channel device for a short period, after which the LDO will attempt to restart. If the excessive current remains, the cycle will repeat itself. MCP1703 VOUT VIN Error Amplifier +VIN Voltage Reference + Overcurrent Overtemperature GND FIGURE 4-1: Block Diagram. © 2007 Microchip Technology Inc. DS22049A-page 11 MCP1703 5.0 FUNCTIONAL DESCRIPTION The MCP1703 CMOS low dropout linear regulator is intended for applications that need the lowest current consumption while maintaining output voltage regulation. The operating continuous load range of the MCP1703 is from 0 mA to 250 mA (VR ≥ 2.5V). The input operating voltage range is from 2.7V to 16.0V, making it capable of operating from two or more alkaline cells or single and multiple Li-Ion cell batteries. 5.1 Input The input of the MCP1703 is connected to the source of the P-Channel PMOS pass transistor. As with all LDO circuits, a relatively low source impedance (10Ω) is needed to prevent the input impedance from causing the LDO to become unstable. The size and type of the capacitor needed depends heavily on the input source type (battery, power supply) and the output current range of the application. For most applications (up to 100 mA), a 1 µF ceramic capacitor will be sufficient to ensure circuit stability. Larger values can be used to improve circuit AC performance. DS22049A-page 12 5.2 Output The maximum rated continuous output current for the MCP1703 is 250 mA (VR ≥ 2.5V). For applications where VR < 2.5V, the maximum output current is 200 mA. A minimum output capacitance of 1.0 µF is required for small signal stability in applications that have up to 250 mA output current capability. The capacitor type can be ceramic, tantalum or aluminum electrolytic. The esr range on the output capacitor can range from 0Ω to 2.0Ω. 5.3 Output Rise time When powering up the internal reference output, the typical output rise time of 1000 µs is controlled to prevent overshoot of the output voltage. © 2007 Microchip Technology Inc. MCP1703 6.0 APPLICATION CIRCUITS & ISSUES 6.1 The MCP1703 is most commonly used as a voltage regulator. Its low quiescent current and low dropout voltage make it ideal for many battery-powered applications. MCP1703 GND VIN COUT 1 µF Ceramic FIGURE 6-1: 6.1.1 VIN 2.7V to 4.8V VOUT IOUT 50 mA T J ( MAX ) = P TOTAL × Rθ JA + T AMAX Where: Typical Application VOUT 1.8V EQUATION 6-2: CIN 1 µF Ceramic Typical Application Circuit. TJ(MAX) = Maximum continuous junction temperature PTOTAL = Total device power dissipation RθJA = Thermal resistance from junctionto-ambient TAMAX = Maximum ambient temperature The maximum power dissipation capability for a package can be calculated given the junction-toambient thermal resistance and the maximum ambient temperature for the application. The following equation can be used to determine the package maximum internal power dissipation. EQUATION 6-3: APPLICATION INPUT CONDITIONS ( T J ( MAX ) – T A ( MAX ) ) P D ( MAX ) = --------------------------------------------------Rθ JA Package Type = SOT-23A Input Voltage Range = 2.7V to 4.8V VIN maximum = 4.8V VOUT typical = 1.8V IOUT = 50 mA maximum 6.2 Power Calculations 6.2.1 Where: PD(MAX) = Maximum device power dissipation TJ(MAX) = Maximum continuous junction temperature TA(MAX) = Maximum ambient temperature RθJA = Thermal resistance from junctionto-ambient POWER DISSIPATION The internal power dissipation of the MCP1703 is a function of input voltage, output voltage and output current. The power dissipation, as a result of the quiescent current draw, is so low, it is insignificant (2.0 µA x VIN). The following equation can be used to calculate the internal power dissipation of the LDO. EQUATION 6-4: T J ( RISE ) = P D ( MAX ) × Rθ JA Where: TJ(RISE) = Rise in device junction temperature over the ambient temperature PTOTAL = Maximum device power dissipation RθJA = Thermal resistance from junction to ambient EQUATION 6-1: P LDO = ( V IN ( MAX ) ) – V OUT ( MIN ) ) × I OUT ( MAX ) ) PLDO = LDO Pass device internal power dissipation VIN(MAX) = Maximum input voltage VOUT(MIN) = LDO minimum output voltage The maximum continuous operating junction temperature specified for the MCP1703 is +125°C. To estimate the internal junction temperature of the MCP1703, the total internal power dissipation is multiplied by the thermal resistance from junction to ambient (RθJA). The thermal resistance from junction to ambient for the SOT-23A pin package is estimated at 336°C/W. © 2007 Microchip Technology Inc. EQUATION 6-5: T J = T J ( RISE ) + T A Where: TJ = Junction Temperature TJ(RISE) = Rise in device junction temperature over the ambient temperature TA = Ambient temperature DS22049A-page 13 MCP1703 6.3 Voltage Regulator Internal power dissipation, junction temperature rise, junction temperature and maximum power dissipation are calculated in the following example. The power dissipation, as a result of ground current, is small enough to be neglected. 6.3.1 TJ = TJRISE + TA(MAX) TJ = 91.3°C Maximum Package Power Dissipation at +40°C Ambient Temperature SOT-23A (336.0°C/Watt = RθJA) PD(MAX) = (125°C - 40°C) / 336°C/W POWER DISSIPATION EXAMPLE Package Package Type = SOT-23A PD(MAX) = 253 milli-Watts SOT-89 (75°C/Watt = RθJA) PD(MAX) = (125°C - 40°C) / 75°C/W Input Voltage VIN = 2.7V to 4.8V LDO Output Voltages and Currents PD(MAX) = 1.133 Watts SOT-223 (62.9°C/Watt = RθJA) PD(MAX) = (125°C - 40°C) / 62.9°C/W VOUT = 1.8V PD(MAX) = 1.35 Watts IOUT = 50 mA Maximum Ambient Temperature TA(MAX) = +40°C Internal Power Dissipation Internal Power dissipation is the product of the LDO output current times the voltage across the LDO (VIN to VOUT). PLDO(MAX) = (VIN(MAX) - VOUT(MIN)) x IOUT(MAX) PLDO = (4.8V - (0.97 x 1.8V)) x 50 mA PLDO = 152.7 milli-Watts Device Junction Temperature Rise The internal junction temperature rise is a function of internal power dissipation and the thermal resistance from junction to ambient for the application. The thermal resistance from junction to ambient (RθJA) is derived from an EIA/JEDEC standard for measuring thermal resistance for small surface mount packages. The EIA/ JEDEC specification is JESD51-7, “High Effective Thermal Conductivity Test Board for Leaded Surface Mount Packages”. The standard describes the test method and board specifications for measuring the thermal resistance from junction to ambient. The actual thermal resistance for a particular application can vary depending on many factors, such as copper area and thickness. Refer to AN792, “A Method to Determine How Much Power a SOT23 Can Dissipate in an Application”, (DS00792), for more information regarding this subject. TJ(RISE) = PTOTAL x RqJA TJRISE = 152.7 milli-Watts x 336.0°C/Watt TJRISE = 51.3°C Junction Temperature Estimate To estimate the internal junction temperature, the calculated temperature rise is added to the ambient or offset temperature. For this example, the worst-case junction temperature is estimated below. DS22049A-page 14 6.4 Voltage Reference The MCP1703 can be used not only as a regulator, but also as a low quiescent current voltage reference. In many microcontroller applications, the initial accuracy of the reference can be calibrated using production test equipment or by using a ratio measurement. When the initial accuracy is calibrated, the thermal stability and line regulation tolerance are the only errors introduced by the MCP1703 LDO. The low-cost, low quiescent current and small ceramic output capacitor are all advantages when using the MCP1703 as a voltage reference. Ratio Metric Reference 2 µA Bias CIN 1 µF PIC® Microcontroller MCP1703 VIN VOUT GND COUT 1 µF VREF ADO AD1 Bridge Sensor FIGURE 6-2: Using the MCP1703 as a Voltage Reference. 6.5 Pulsed Load Applications For some applications, there are pulsed load current events that may exceed the specified 250 mA maximum specification of the MCP1703. The internal current limit of the MCP1703 will prevent high peak load demands from causing non-recoverable damage. The 250 mA rating is a maximum average continuous rating. As long as the average current does not exceed 250 mA, pulsed higher load currents can be applied to the MCP1703. The typical current limit for the MCP1703 is 500 mA (TA +25°C). © 2007 Microchip Technology Inc. MCP1703 7.0 PACKAGING INFORMATION 7.1 Package Marking Information 3-Pin SOT-23A Example: Standard Options for SOT-23A and SOT-89 XXNN Extended Temp Symbol Voltage * Symbol Voltage * HM 1.2 HT 3.0 HP 1.5 HU 3.3 HQ 1.8 HV 4.0 HR 2.5 HW 5.0 HS 2.8 — — * Custom output voltages available upon request. Contact your local Microchip sales office for more information. 3-Lead SOT-89 XXXYYWW NNN HWNN 3-Lead SOT-223 Example HM0719 256 Example: Tab is GND Tab is GND Standard Options for SOT-223 XXXXXXX XXXYYWW NNN 1 2 Extended Temp Symbol Symbol Voltage * 12 1.2 30 3.0 15 1.5 33 3.3 18 1.8 40 4.0 25 2.5 50 5.0 28 2.8 — — * Custom output voltages available upon request. Contact your local Microchip sales office for more information. 3 Legend: XX...X Y YY WW NNN e3 * Note: Voltage * MCP1703 15E0719 256 Customer-specific information Year code (last digit of calendar year) Year code (last 2 digits of calendar year) Week code (week of January 1 is week ‘01’) Alphanumeric traceability code Pb-free JEDEC designator for Matte Tin (Sn) This package is Pb-free. The Pb-free JEDEC designator ( e3 ) can be found on the outer packaging for this package. In the event the full Microchip part number cannot be marked on one line, it will be carried over to the next line, thus limiting the number of available characters for customer-specific information. © 2007 Microchip Technology Inc. DS22049A-page 15 MCP1703 3-Lead Plastic Small Outline Transistor (CB) [SOT-23A] Note: For the most current package drawings, please see the Microchip Packaging Specification located at http://www.microchip.com/packaging D e1 e 2 1 E E1 N b A c A2 φ L A1 Units Dimension Limits Number of Pins MILLIMETERS MIN NOM MAX N 3 Lead Pitch e 0.95 BSC Outside Lead Pitch e1 Overall Height A 0.89 – Molded Package Thickness A2 0.90 – 1.30 Standoff A1 0.00 – 0.15 Overall Width E 2.10 – 3.00 Molded Package Width E1 1.20 – 1.80 Overall Length D 2.70 – 3.10 Foot Length L 0.15 – 0.60 Foot Angle φ 0° – 30° Lead Thickness c 0.09 – 0.26 1.90 BSC 1.45 Lead Width b 0.30 – 0.51 Notes: 1. Dimensions D and E1 do not include mold flash or protrusions. Mold flash or protrusions shall not exceed 0.127 mm per side. 2. Dimensioning and tolerancing per ASME Y14.5M. BSC: Basic Dimension. Theoretically exact value shown without tolerances. Microchip Technology Drawing C04-130B DS22049A-page 16 © 2007 Microchip Technology Inc. MCP1703 3-Lead Plastic Small Outline Transistor Header (MB) [SOT-89] Note: For the most current package drawings, please see the Microchip Packaging Specification located at http://www.microchip.com/packaging D D1 E H L 1 N 2 b b1 b1 e E1 e1 A C Units Dimension Limits Number of Leads MILLIMETERS MIN N MAX 3 Pitch e 1.50 BSC Outside Lead Pitch e1 3.00 BSC Overall Height A 1.40 1.60 Overall Width H 3.94 4.25 Molded Package Width at Base E 2.29 2.60 Molded Package Width at Top E1 2.13 2.29 Overall Length D 4.39 4.60 Tab Length D1 1.40 1.83 Foot Length L 0.79 1.20 Lead Thickness c 0.35 0.44 Lead 2 Width b 0.41 0.56 Leads 1 & 3 Width b1 0.36 0.48 Notes: 1. Dimensions D and E do not include mold flash or protrusions. Mold flash or protrusions shall not exceed 0.127 mm per side. 2. Dimensioning and tolerancing per ASME Y14.5M. BSC: Basic Dimension. Theoretically exact value shown without tolerances. Microchip Technology Drawing C04-029B © 2007 Microchip Technology Inc. DS22049A-page 17 MCP1703 3-Lead Plastic Small Outline Transistor (DB) [SOT-223] Note: For the most current package drawings, please see the Microchip Packaging Specification located at http://www.microchip.com/packaging D b2 E1 E 3 2 1 e e1 A2 A b c φ L A1 Units Dimension Limits Number of Leads MILLIMETERS MIN NOM MAX N 3 Lead Pitch e 2.30 BSC Outside Lead Pitch e1 Overall Height A – – 1.80 Standoff A1 0.02 – 0.10 Molded Package Height A2 1.50 1.60 1.70 Overall Width E 6.70 7.00 7.30 Molded Package Width E1 3.30 3.50 3.70 Overall Length D 6.30 6.50 6.70 Lead Thickness c 0.23 0.30 0.35 Lead Width b 0.60 0.76 0.84 Tab Lead Width b2 2.90 3.00 3.10 Foot Length L 0.75 – – Lead Angle φ 0° – 10° 4.60 BSC Notes: 1. Dimensions D and E1 do not include mold flash or protrusions. Mold flash or protrusions shall not exceed 0.127 mm per side. 2. Dimensioning and tolerancing per ASME Y14.5M. BSC: Basic Dimension. Theoretically exact value shown without tolerances. Microchip Technology Drawing C04-032B DS22049A-page 18 © 2007 Microchip Technology Inc. MCP1703 APPENDIX A: REVISION HISTORY Revision A (June 2007) • Original Release of this Document. © 2007 Microchip Technology Inc. DS22049A-page 19 MCP1703 NOTES: DS22049A-page 20 © 2007 Microchip Technology Inc. MCP1703 PRODUCT IDENTIFICATION SYSTEM To order or obtain information, e.g., on pricing or delivery, refer to the factory or the listed sales office. PART NO. Device X- XX X X X/ XX Tape Output Feature Tolerance Temp. Package and Reel Voltage Code Device: MCP1703: 250 mA, 16V Low Quiescent Current LDO Tape and Reel: T Output Voltage *: 12 = 1.2V “Standard” 15 = 1.5V “Standard” 18 = 1.8V “Standard” 25 = 2.5V “Standard” 28 = 2.8V “Standard” 30 = 3.0V “Standard” 33 = 3.3V “Standard” 40 = 4.0V “Standard” 50 = 5.0V “Standard” *Contact factory for other output voltage options. = Tape and Reel Extra Feature Code: 0 = Fixed Tolerance: 2 = 2.0% (Standard) Temperature: E = -40°C to +125°C Package Type: CB = Plastic Small Outline Transistor (SOT-23A) 3-lead, DB = Plastic Small Outline Transistor (SOT-223) 3-lead, MB = Plastic Small Outline Transistor (SOT-89) 3-lead, © 2007 Microchip Technology Inc. Examples: a) MCP1703T-1202E/XX: Tape and Reel, 1.2V b) MCP1703T-1502E/XX: Tape and Reel, 1.5V c) MCP1703T-1802E/XX: Tape and Reel, 1.8V d) MCP1703T-2502E/XX: Tape and Reel, 2.5V e) MCP1703T-2802E/XX: Tape and Reel, 2.8V f) MCP1703T-3002E/XX: Tape and Reel, 3.0V g) MCP1703T-3302E/XX: Tape and Reel, 3.3V h) MCP1703T-3602E/XX: Tape and Reel, 3.6V i) MCP1703T-4002E/XX: Tape and Reel, 4.0V j) MCP1703T-5002E/XX: Tape and Reel, 5.0V XX = = = CB for 3LD SOT-23A package DB for 3LD SOT-223 package MB for 3LD SOT-89 package DS22049A-page 21 MCP1703 NOTES: DS22049A-page 22 © 2007 Microchip Technology Inc. Note the following details of the code protection feature on Microchip devices: • Microchip products meet the specification contained in their particular Microchip Data Sheet. • Microchip believes that its family of products is one of the most secure families of its kind on the market today, when used in the intended manner and under normal conditions. • There are dishonest and possibly illegal methods used to breach the code protection feature. All of these methods, to our knowledge, require using the Microchip products in a manner outside the operating specifications contained in Microchip’s Data Sheets. Most likely, the person doing so is engaged in theft of intellectual property. • Microchip is willing to work with the customer who is concerned about the integrity of their code. • Neither Microchip nor any other semiconductor manufacturer can guarantee the security of their code. Code protection does not mean that we are guaranteeing the product as “unbreakable.” Code protection is constantly evolving. We at Microchip are committed to continuously improving the code protection features of our products. Attempts to break Microchip’s code protection feature may be a violation of the Digital Millennium Copyright Act. If such acts allow unauthorized access to your software or other copyrighted work, you may have a right to sue for relief under that Act. Information contained in this publication regarding device applications and the like is provided only for your convenience and may be superseded by updates. It is your responsibility to ensure that your application meets with your specifications. MICROCHIP MAKES NO REPRESENTATIONS OR WARRANTIES OF ANY KIND WHETHER EXPRESS OR IMPLIED, WRITTEN OR ORAL, STATUTORY OR OTHERWISE, RELATED TO THE INFORMATION, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO ITS CONDITION, QUALITY, PERFORMANCE, MERCHANTABILITY OR FITNESS FOR PURPOSE. Microchip disclaims all liability arising from this information and its use. Use of Microchip devices in life support and/or safety applications is entirely at the buyer’s risk, and the buyer agrees to defend, indemnify and hold harmless Microchip from any and all damages, claims, suits, or expenses resulting from such use. No licenses are conveyed, implicitly or otherwise, under any Microchip intellectual property rights. Trademarks The Microchip name and logo, the Microchip logo, Accuron, dsPIC, KEELOQ, KEELOQ logo, microID, MPLAB, PIC, PICmicro, PICSTART, PRO MATE, rfPIC and SmartShunt are registered trademarks of Microchip Technology Incorporated in the U.S.A. and other countries. AmpLab, FilterLab, Linear Active Thermistor, Migratable Memory, MXDEV, MXLAB, SEEVAL, SmartSensor and The Embedded Control Solutions Company are registered trademarks of Microchip Technology Incorporated in the U.S.A. Analog-for-the-Digital Age, Application Maestro, CodeGuard, dsPICDEM, dsPICDEM.net, dsPICworks, ECAN, ECONOMONITOR, FanSense, FlexROM, fuzzyLAB, In-Circuit Serial Programming, ICSP, ICEPIC, Mindi, MiWi, MPASM, MPLAB Certified logo, MPLIB, MPLINK, PICkit, PICDEM, PICDEM.net, PICLAB, PICtail, PowerCal, PowerInfo, PowerMate, PowerTool, REAL ICE, rfLAB, Select Mode, Smart Serial, SmartTel, Total Endurance, UNI/O, WiperLock and ZENA are trademarks of Microchip Technology Incorporated in the U.S.A. and other countries. SQTP is a service mark of Microchip Technology Incorporated in the U.S.A. All other trademarks mentioned herein are property of their respective companies. © 2007, Microchip Technology Incorporated, Printed in the U.S.A., All Rights Reserved. Printed on recycled paper. Microchip received ISO/TS-16949:2002 certification for its worldwide headquarters, design and wafer fabrication facilities in Chandler and Tempe, Arizona; Gresham, Oregon and design centers in California and India. The Company’s quality system processes and procedures are for its PIC® MCUs and dsPIC® DSCs, KEELOQ® code hopping devices, Serial EEPROMs, microperipherals, nonvolatile memory and analog products. In addition, Microchip’s quality system for the design and manufacture of development systems is ISO 9001:2000 certified. © 2007 Microchip Technology Inc. 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