INTEGRATED CIRCUITS 80C451/83C451/87C451 80C51 8-bit microcontroller family 4K/128 OTP/ROM/ROMless, expanded I/O Product specification Supersedes data of 1998 Jan 19 IC20 Data Handbook 1998 May 01 Philips Semiconductors Product specification 80C51 8-bit microcontroller family 4K/128 OTP/ROM/ROMless, expanded I/O DESCRIPTION 80C451/83C451/87C451 PIN CONFIGURATION The Philips 8XC451 is an I/O expanded single-chip microcontroller fabricated with Philips high-density CMOS technology. Philips epitaxial substrate minimizes latch-up sensitivity. 9 1 61 10 The 8XC451 (includes the 80C451, 87C451 and 83C451) is a functional extension of the 87C51 microcontroller with three additional I/O ports and four I/O control lines for a total of 68 pins. Four control lines associated with port 6 facilitate high-speed asynchronous I/O functions. 60 LCC 26 The 8XC451 includes a 4k × 8 ROM (83C451) EPROM (87C451), a 128 × 8 RAM, 56 I/O, two 16-bit timer/counters, a five source, two priority level, nested interrupt structure, a serial I/O port for either a full duplex UART, I/O expansion, or multi-processor communications, and on-chip oscillator and clock circuits. The 80C451 ROMless version includes all of the 83C451 features except the on-board 4k × 8 ROM. 44 27 The 87C451 has 4k of EPROM on-chip as program memory and is otherwise identical to the 83C451. The 8XC451 has two software selectable modes of reduced activity for further power reduction; idle mode and power-down mode. Idle mode freezes the CPU while allowing the RAM, timers, serial port, and interrupt system to continue functioning. Power-down mode freezes the oscillator, causing all other chip functions to be inoperative while maintaining the RAM contents. FEATURES • 80C51 based architecture • Seven 8-bit I/O ports • Port 6 features: – Eight data pins 43 Pin 1 2 3 Function EA/VPP P2.0/A8 P2.1/A9 Pin 24 25 26 Function P4.2 P4.1 P4.0 4 5 6 7 P2.2/A10 P2.3/A11 P2.4/A12 P2.5/A13 27 28 29 30 P1.0 P1.1 P1.2 P1.3 50 51 52 53 P5.6 P5.7 XTAL2 XTAL1 8 9 10 11 P2.6/A14 P2.7/A15 P0.7/AD7 P0.6/AD6 31 32 33 34 P1.4 P1.5 P1.6 P1.7 54 55 56 57 VSS ODS IDS BFLAG 12 13 14 15 P0.5/AD5 P0.4/AD4 P0.3/AD3 P0.2/AD2 35 36 37 38 RST P3.0/RxD P3.1/TxD P3.2/INT0 58 59 60 61 AFLAG P6.0 P6.1 P6.2 16 17 18 19 P0.1/AD1 P0.0/AD0 VCC P4.7 39 40 41 42 P3.3/INT1 P3.4/T0 P3.5/T1 P3.6/WR 62 63 64 65 P6.3 P6.4 P6.5 P6.6 20 21 22 23 P4.6 P4.5 P4.4 P4.3 43 44 45 46 P3.7/RD P5.0 P5.1 P5.2 66 67 68 P6.7 PSEN ALE/PROG Pin 47 48 49 Function P5.3 P5.4 P5.5 SU00084A – Four control pins – Direct MPU bus interface – Parallel printer interface • On the microcontroller: – 4k × 8 ROM (83C451) 4k × 8 EPROM (87C451) ROMless version (80C451) – 128 × 8 RAM – Two 16-bit counter/timers – Two external interrupts • External memory addressing capability – 64k ROM and 64k RAM • Low power consumption: – Normal operation: less than 24mA at 5V, 12MHz – Idle mode – Power-down mode 1998 May 01 2 853-0830 19327 Philips Semiconductors Product specification 80C51 8-bit microcontroller family 4K/128 OTP/ROM/ROMless, expanded I/O 80C451/83C451/87C451 BLOCK DIAGRAM P0.0–P0.7 P2.0–P2.7 P4.0–P4.7 P5.0–5.7 PORT 0 DRIVERS PORT 2 DRIVERS PORT 4 DRIVERS PORT 5 DRIVERS PORT 2 LATCH PORT 4 LATCH PORT 5 LATCH VCC VSS RAM ADDR REGISTER PORT 0 LATCH RAM B REGISTER 4K x 8 ROM/EPROM STACK POINTER ACC PROGRAM ADDRESS REGISTER TMP1 TMP2 BUFFER PCON ALU SCON TMOD TCON TH0 TL0 TH1 SBUF IE IP TL1 PSW PC INCREMENTER INTERRUPT, SERIAL PORT AND TIMER BLOCKS PSEN ALE/PROG EAVPP TIMING AND CONTROL RST INSTRUCTION REGISTER PROGRAM COUNTER PD DPTR PORT 1 LATCH PORT 6 LATCH PORT 1 DRIVERS PORT 6 DRIVERS PORT 6 CONTROL/STATUS PORT 3 DRIVERS P1.0–P1.7 P6.0–P6.7 IDS ODS BFLAG AFLAG P3.0–P3.7 PORT 3 LATCH OSCILLATOR XTAL1 XTAL2 SU00086 1998 May 01 3 Philips Semiconductors Product specification 80C51 8-bit microcontroller family 4K/128 OTP/ROM/ROMless, expanded I/O 80C451/83C451/87C451 ORDERING INFORMATION TEMPERATURE RANGE °C AND PACKAGE FREQ MHz DRAWING NUMBER OTP 0 to +70, Plastic Leaded Chip Carrier, 3.5 to 12 SOT188-3 OTP 0 to +70, Plastic Leaded Chip Carrier 3.5 to 16 SOT188-3 EPROM1 ROMless ROM SC80C451CCA68 SC83C451CCA68 SC87C451CCA68 SC80C451CGA68 SC83C451CGA68 SC87C451CGA68 NOTE: 1. OTP = One Time Programmable LOGIC SYMBOL VCC VSS PORT 0 XTAL1 ADDRESS AND DATA BUS PORT 6 CONTROL ODS IDS BFLAG AFLAG PORT 1 PORT 2 PORT 4 ADDRESS BUS PORT 5 RxD TxD INT0 INT1 T0 T1 WR RD PORT 3 RST EA/VPP PSEN ALE/PROG PORT 6 SECONDARY FUNCTIONS XTAL2 SU00085 1998 May 01 4 Philips Semiconductors Product specification 80C51 8-bit microcontroller family 4K/128 OTP/ROM/ROMless, expanded I/O 80C451/83C451/87C451 PIN DESCRIPTION PIN NO. TYPE VSS 54 I Ground: 0V reference. VCC 18 I Power Supply: This is the power supply voltage for normal, idle, and power-down operation. P0.0–0.7 17-10 I/O Port 0: Port 0 is an open-drain, bidirectional I/O port. Port 0 is also the multiplexed data and low-order address bus during accesses to external memory. External pull-ups are required during program verification. Port 0 can sink/source eight LS TTL inputs. P1.0–P1.7 27-34 I/O Port 1: Port 1 is an 8-bit bidirectional I/O port with internal pull-ups. Port 1 receives the low-order address bytes during program memory verification. Port 1 can sink/source three LS TTL inputs, and drive CMOS inputs without external pull-ups. P2.0–P2.7 2-9 I/O Port 2: Port 2 is an 8-bit bidirectional I/O port with internal pull-ups. Port 2 emits the high-order address bytes during access to external memory and receives the high-order address bits and control signals during program verification. Port 2 can sink/source three LS TTL inputs, and drive CMOS inputs without external pull-ups. P3.0–P3.7 36-43 I/O 36 37 38 39 40 41 42 43 I O I I I I O O Port 3: Port 3 is an 8-bit bidirectional I/O port with internal pull-ups. Port 3 can sink/source three LS TTL inputs, and drive CMOS inputs without external pull-ups. Port 3 also serves the special functions listed below: RxD (P3.0): Serial input port TxD (P3.1): Serial output port INT0 (P3.2): External interrupt INT1 (P3.3): External interrupt T0 (P3.4): Timer 0 external input T1 (P3.5): Timer 1 external input WR (P3.6): External data memory write strobe RD (P3.7): External data memory read strobe P4.0–P4.7 26-19 I/O Port 4: Port 4 is a 8-bit (LCC) bidirectional I/O port with internal pull-ups. Port 4 can sink/source three LS TTL inputs and drive CMOS inputs without external pull-ups. P5.0–P5.7 44-51 I/O Port 5: Port 5 is a 8-bit (LCC) bidirectional I/O port with internal pull-ups. Port 5 can sink/source three LS TTL inputs and drive CMOS inputs without external pull-ups. P6.0–P6.7 59-66 I/O Port 6: Port 6 is a specialized 8-bit bidirectional I/O port with internal pull-ups. This special port can sink/source three LS TTL inputs and drive CMOS inputs without external pull-ups. Port 6 can be used in a strobed or non-strobed mode of operation. Port 6 works in conjunction with four control pins that serve the functions listed below: ODS 55 I ODS: Output data strobe IDS 56 I IDS: Input data strobe BFLAG 57 I/O BFLAG: Bidirectional I/O pin with internal pull-ups AFLAG 58 I/O AFLAG: Bidirectional I/O pin with internal pull-ups RST 35 I Reset: A high on this pin for two machine cycles while the oscillator is running, resets the device. An internal pull-down resistor permits a power-on reset using only an external capacitor connected to VCC. ALE/PROG 68 I/O Address Latch Enable/Program Pulse: Output pulse for latching the low byte of the address during an access to external memory. ALE is activated at a constant rate of 1/6 the oscillator frequency except during an external data memory access, at which time one ALE is skipped. ALE can sink/source three LS TTL inputs and drive CMOS inputs without external pull-ups. This pin is also the program pulse during EPROM programming. PSEN 67 O Program Store Enable: The read strobe to external program memory. PSEN is activated twice each machine cycle during fetches from external program memory. However, when executing out of external program memory, two activations of PSEN are skipped during each access to external program memory. PSEN is not activated during fetches from internal program memory. PSEN can sink/source eight LS TTL inputs and drive CMOS inputs without an external pull-up. This pin should be tied low during programming. EA/VPP 1 I Instruction Execution Control/Programming Supply Voltage: When EA is held high, the CPU executes out of internal program memory, unless the program counter exceeds 0FFFH. When EA is held low, the CPU executes out of external program memory. EA must never be allowed to float. This pin also receives the 12.75V programming supply voltage (VPP) during EPROM programming. XTAL1 53 I Crystal 1: Input to the inverting oscillator amplifier that forms the oscillator. This input receives the external oscillator when an external oscillator is used. XTAL2 52 O Crystal 2: An output of the inverting amplifier that forms the oscillator. This pin should be floated when an external oscillator is used. MNEMONIC 1998 May 01 NAME AND FUNCTION 5 Philips Semiconductors Product specification 80C51 8-bit microcontroller family 4K/128 OTP/ROM/ROMless, expanded I/O 80C451/83C451/87C451 I/O Port Structure Processor Bus Interface The 8XC451 has a total of seven parallel I/O ports. The first four ports, P0 through P3, are identical in function to those present on the 80C51 family. The added ports 4 and 5 are identical in function to port 1; that is, they are standard quasi-bidirectional ports with no alternate functions and the standard output drive characteristics. Port 6 is a specialized 8-bit bidirectional I/O port with internal pullups. Port 6 allows the use of an 8XC451 as an element on a microprocessor type bus. The host processor could be a general purpose MPU or the data bus of a microcontroller like the 8XC451 itself. Setting up the 8XC451 as a processor bus interface allows single or multiple microcontrollers to be used on a bus as flexible peripheral processing elements. Applications can include: keyboard scanners, serial I/O controllers, servo controllers, etc. Ports 4 and 5 On reset, port 6 is programmed correctly (that is, Special Function registers CSR and P6) for use as a bus interface. This prevents the interface from disrupting data on the bus of a host processor during power-up. Ports 4 and 5 are bidirectional I/O ports with internal pull-ups. Port 4 is an 8-bit port. Port 4 and port 5 pins with ones written to them, are pulled high by the internal pull-ups, and in that state can be used as inputs. Port 4 and 5 are addressed at the special function register addresses shown in Table 1. Standard Quasi-bidirectional I/O Port To use port 6 as a common I/O port, all of the control pins should be tied to ground. On hardware reset, bits 2-7 of the CSR are set to one. With the control pins grounded, the port’s operation and electrical characteristics will be identical to port 1 on the 80C51. No further software initialization is required. Port 6 Port 6 is a special 8-bit bidirectional I/O port with internal pull-ups (see Figure 1). This special port can sink/source three LS TTL inputs and drive CMOS inputs without external pullups. The flexibility of this port facilitates high-speed parallel data communications. This port can be used as a standard I/O port, or in strobed modes of operation in conjunction with four special control lines: ODS, IDS, AFLAG, and BFLAG. Port 6 operating modes are controlled by the port 6 control status register (CSR). Port 6 and the CSR are addressed at the special function register addresses shown in Table 1. The following four control pins are used in conjunction with port 6: Parallel Printer Port The 8XC451 has the capacity to permit all of the intelligent features of a common printer to be handled by a single chip. The features of port 6 allow a parallel port to be designed with only line driving and receiving chips required as additional hardware. The onboard UART allows RS232 interfacing with only level shifting chips added. The 8-bit parallel ports 0 to 6 are ample to drive onboard control functions, even when ports are used for external memory access, interrupts, and other functions. The RAM addressing ability of ports 0 to 2 can be used to address up to 64k bytes of a hardware buffer/spooler. ODS – Output data strobe (Active Low) for port 6. ODS can be programmed to control the port 6 output drivers and the output buffer full flag (OBF), or to clear only the OBF flag bit in the CSR (output-always mode). ODS is active low for output driver control. the OBF flag can be programmed to be cleared on the negative or positive edge of ODS. In addition, either end of a parallel interface can be implemented using port 6, and the interfaces can be interrupt driven or polled in either case. For more detailed information on port 6 usage, refer to the application notes entitled “80C451 Operation of Port 6” and “256k Centronics Printer Buffer Using the SC87C451 Microcontroller.” IDS – Input data strobe (Active Low) for port 6. IDS is used to control the port 6 input latch and input buffer full flag (IBF) bit in the CSR. The input data latch can be programmed to be transparent when IDS is low and latched on the positive transition of IDS, or to latch only on the positive transition of IDS. Correspondingly, the IBF flag is set on the negative or positive transition of IDS. CONTROL STATUS REGISTER The control status register (CSR) establishes the mode of operation for port 6 and indicates the current status of port 6 I/O registers. All control status register bits can be read and written by the CPU, except bits 0 and 1, which are read only. Reset writes ones to bits 2 through 7, and writes zeros to bits 0 and 1 (see Table 3). BFLAG – BFLAG is a bidirectional I/O pin which can be programmed to be an output, set high or low under program control, or to output the state of the input buffer full flag. BFLAG can also be programmed to input an enable signal for port 6. When BFLAG is used as an enable input, port 6 output drivers are in the high-impedance state, and the input latch does not respond to the IDS strobe when BFLAG is high. Both features are enabled when BFLAG is low. This feature facilitates the use of the SC8XC451 in bused multiprocessor systems. CSR.0 Input Buffer Full Flag (IBF) (Read Only) – The IBF bit is set to a logic 1 when port 6 data is loaded into the input buffer under control of IDS. This can occur on the negative or positive edge of IDS, as determined by CSR.2 IBF is cleared when the CPU reads the input buffer register. AFLAG – AFLAG is a bidirectional I/O pin which can be programmed to be an output set high or low under program control, or to output the state of the output buffer full flag. AFLAG can also be programmed to be an input which selects whether the contents of the output buffer, or the contents of the port 6 control status register will output on port 6. This feature grants complete port 6 status to external devices. CSR.1 Output Buffer Full Flag (OBF) (Read Only) – The OBF flag is set to a logic 1 when the CPU writes to the port 6 output data buffer. OBF is cleared by the positive or negative edge of ODS, as determined by CSR.3. CSR.2 IDS Mode Select (IDSM) – When CSR.2 = 0, a low-to-high transition on the IDS pin sets the IBF flag. The Port 6 input buffer is loaded on the IDS positive edge. When CSR.2 = 1, a high-to-low transition on the IDS pin sets the IBF flag. Port 6 input buffer is transparent when IDS is low, and latched when IDS is high. Port 6 can be used in a number of different ways to facilitate data communication. It can be used as a processor bus interface, as a standard quasi-bidirectional I/O port, or as a parallel printer port (either polled or interrupt driven). 1998 May 01 6 Philips Semiconductors Product specification 80C51 8-bit microcontroller family 4K/128 OTP/ROM/ROMless, expanded I/O CSR.3 Output Buffer Full Flag Clear Mode (OBFC) – When CSR.3 = 1, the positive edge of the ODS input clears the OBF flag. When CSR.3 = 0, the negative edge of the ODS input clears the OBF flag. CSR.6, CSR.7 BFLAG Mode Select (MB0, MB1) – Bits 6 and 7 select the mode operation as follows: MB1 MB0 0 0 0 1 1 0 1 1 CSR.4, CSR.5 AFLAG Mode Select (MA0, MA1) – Bits 4 and 5 select the mode of operation for the AFLAG pin as follows: MA1 0 0 1 1 MA0 0 1 0 1 80C451/83C451/87C451 BFLAG Function Logic 0 output Logic 1 output IBF flag output (CSR.0) Port enable (PE) In the port enable mode, IDS and ODS inputs are disabled when BFLAG input is high. When the BFLAG input is low, the port is enabled for I/O. AFLAG Function Logic 0 output Logic 1 output OBF flag output (CSR.1) Select (SEL) input mode SPECIAL FUNCTION REGISTER ADDRESSES The SFRs are identical to those of the standard 80C51 with the exception of four registers that have been added to allow control of the three additional I/O ports P4, P5, and P6. The additional registers are P4, P5, P6, and CSR. Registers P4, P5, and P6 function as port latches for ports 4, 5, and 6, respectively. These registers operate identically to those for ports 0 through 3 of the 80C51. The select (SEL) input mode is used to determine whether the port 6 data register or the control status register is output on port 6. When the select feature is enabled, the AFLAG input controls the source of port 6 output data. A logic 0 on AFLAG input selects the port 6 data register, and a logic 1 on AFLAG input selects the control status register. Table 1. Special Function Register Addresses REGISTER ADDRESS NAME Port 4 Port 5 Port 6 data Port 6 control status AFLAG ADDRESS P4 P5 P6 CSR C0 C8 D8 E8 MSB C7 CF DF EF PORT 6 BFLAG ODS BFLAG/ODS MODE (CSR.6/.7) AFLAG MODE (CSR.4/.5) BIT ADDRESS SYMBOL LSB C6 CE DE EE C5 CD DD ED C4 CC DC EC IDS INPUT BUFFER (P6 READ) OUTPUT DRIVERS IDS MODE INPUT BUFFER FULL (CSR.0) EDGE/LEVEL SELECT (CSR.2) MUX OUTPUT BUFFER FULL (CSR.1) CONTROL/STATUS REGISTER (CSR) OUTPUT BUFFER (P6 WRITE) INTERNAL BUS SU00087 Figure 1. Port 6 Block Diagram 1998 May 01 7 C3 CB DB EB C2 CA DA EA C1 C9 D9 E9 C0 C8 D8 E8 Philips Semiconductors Product specification 80C51 8-bit microcontroller family 4K/128 OTP/ROM/ROMless, expanded I/O Table 2. SYMBOL 80C451/83C451/87C451 8XC451 Special Function Registers DESCRIPTION DIRECT ADDRESS BIT NAMES AND ADDRESSES MSB LSB RESET VALUE ACC* Accumulator E0H E7 E6 E5 E4 E3 E2 E1 E0 00H B* B register F0H F7 F6 F5 F4 F3 F2 F1 F0 00H EF EE ED EC EB EA E9 E8 MB1 MB0 MA1 MA0 OBFC IDSM OBF IBF CSR*# Port 6 command/status DPTR Data pointer (2 bytes) E8H DPH Data pointer high 83H DPL Data pointer low 82H IP* Interrupt priority FCH 00H 00H BF BE BD BC BB BA B9 B8 – – – PS PT1 PX1 PT0 PX0 AF AE AD AC AB AA A9 A8 B8H xxx00000B IE* Interrupt enable A8H EA – – ES ET1 EX1 ET0 EX0 P0* Port 0 80H 87 B6 85 84 83 82 81 80 FFH P1* Port 1 90H 97 96 95 94 93 92 91 90 FFH P2* Port 2 A0H A7 A6 A5 A4 A3 A2 A1 A0 FFH P3* Port 3 B0H B7 B6 B5 B4 B3 B2 B1 B0 FFH P4*# Port 4 C0H C7 C6 C5 C4 C3 C2 C1 C0 FFH P5*# Port 5 C8H CF CE CD CC CB CA C9 C8 FFH P6*# Port 6 D8H DF DE DD DC DB DA D9 D8 FFH PCON Power control 87H SMOD – – – GF1 GF0 PD IDL 0xxx0000B D7 D6 D5 D4 D3 D2 D1 D0 CY AC F0 RS1 RS0 OV – P PSW* Program status word D0H SBUF Serial data buffer 99H SCON* Serial port control 98H SP Stack pointer 81H 0xx00000B 00H xxxxxxxxB 9F 9E 9D 9C 9B 9A 99 98 SM0 SM1 SM2 REN TB8 RB8 TI RI 00H 07H 8F 8E 8D 8C 8B 8A 89 88 88H TF1 TR1 TF0 TR0 IE1 IT1 IE0 IT0 00H GATE C/T M1 M0 GATE C/T M1 M0 00H TCON* Timer/counter control TMOD Timer/counter mode 89H TH0 Timer 0 high byte 8CH 00H TH1 Timer 1 high byte 8DH 00H TL0 Timer 0 low byte 8AH 00H TL1 Timer 1 low byte 8BH 00H * SFRs are bit addressable. # SFRs are modified from or added to the 80C51 SFRs. 1998 May 01 8 Philips Semiconductors Product specification 80C51 8-bit microcontroller family 4K/128 OTP/ROM/ROMless, expanded I/O 80C451/83C451/87C451 Table 3. Control Status Register (CSR) Bit 7 Bit 6 Bit 5 Bit 4 MB1 MB0 MA1 MA0 Bit 3 Bit 2 Bit 1 Bit 0 OBFC IDSM OBF IBF BFLAG Mode Select AFLAG Mode Select Output Buffer Flag Clear Mode Input Data Strobe Mode Output Buffer Flag Full Input Buffer Flag Full 0/0 = Logic 0 output* 0/1 = Logic 1 output* 1/0 = IBF output 1/1 = PE input (0 = Select) (1 = Disable I/O) 0/0 = Logic 0 output* 0/1 = Logic 1 output* 1/0 = OBF output 1/1 = SEL input (0 = Select) (1 = Control/status) 0 = Negative edge of ODS 1 = Positive edge o ODS 0 = Positive edge of IDS 1 = Low level of IDS 0 = Output data buffer empty 1 = Output data buffer full 0 = Input data buffer empty 1 = Input data buffer full NOTE: * Output-always mode: MB1 = 0, MA1 = 1, and MA0 = 0. In this mode, port 6 is always enabled for output. ODS only clears the OBF flag. ABSOLUTE MAXIMUM RATINGS1, 2, 3 RATING UNIT 0 to +70 °C Storage temperature range –65 to +150 °C Voltage on any other pin to VSS –0.5 to +6.5 V 1.5 W PARAMETER Operating temperature under bias Power dissipation (based on package heat transfer limitations, not device power consumption) NOTES: 1. Stresses above those listed under Absolute Maximum Ratings may cause permanent damage to the device. This is a stress rating only and functional operation of the device at these or any conditions other than those described in the AC and DC Electrical Characteristics section of this specification is not implied. 2. This product includes circuitry specifically designed for the protection of its internal devices from the damaging effects of excessive static charge. Nonetheless, it is suggested that conventional precautions be taken to avoid applying greater than the rated maxima. 3. Parameters are valid over operating temperature range unless otherwise specified. All voltages are with respect to VSS unless otherwise noted. 1998 May 01 9 Philips Semiconductors Product specification 80C51 8-bit microcontroller family 4K/128 OTP/ROM/ROMless, expanded I/O 80C451/83C451/87C451 DC ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS1 Tamb = 0°C to +70°C, VCC = 5V ±10%, VSS = 0V (87C451, 83C451, 80C451) TEST SYMBOL PARAMETER VIL Input low voltage; except EA VIL1 Input low voltage to EA VIH Input high voltage; except XTAL1, RST VIH1 Input high voltage; XTAL1, RST VOL Output low voltage; ports 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6 CONDITIONS IOL = 1.6mA2 3.2mA2 LIMITS MIN TYPICAL1 MAX UNIT –0.5 0.2VCC–0.1 V 0 0.2VCC–0.3 V 0.2VCC+0.9 VCC+0.5 V 0.7VCC VCC+0.5 V 0.45 V 0.45 V VOL1 Output low voltage; port 0, ALE, PSEN IOL = VOH Output high voltage; ports 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6 IOH = –60µA, IOH = –25µA IOH = –10µA 2.4 0.75VCC 0.9VCC V V V VOH1 Output high voltage (port 0 in external bus mode, ALE, PSEN)3 IOH = –800µA, IOH = –300µA IOH = –80µA 2.4 0.75VCC 0.9VCC V V V IIL Logical 0 input current,; ports 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6 VIN = 0.45V –50 µA ITL Logical 1-to-0 transition current; ports 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6 See note 4 –650 µA ILI Input leakage current; port 0 VIN = VIL or VIH +10 µA ICC Power supply current: Active mode @ 12MHz5 Idle mode @ 12MHz5 Power down mode 25 4 50 mA mA µA 300 kΩ 10 pF RRST CIO See note 6 11.5 1.3 3 Internal reset pull-down resistor Pin 50 capacitance7 NOTES: 1. Typical ratings are based on a limited number of samples taken from early manufacturing lots and are not guaranteed. The values listed are at room temperature, 5V. 2. Capacitive loading on ports 0 and 2 may cause spurious noise to be superimposed on the VOLs of ALE and ports 1 and 3. The noise is due to external bus capacitance discharging into the port 0 and port 2 pins when these pins make 1-to-0 transitions during bus operations. In the worst cases (capacitive loading > 100pF), the noise pulse on the ALE pin may exceed 0.8V. In such cases, it may be desirable to qualify ALE with a Schmitt Trigger, or use an address latch with a Schmitt Trigger STROBE input. 3. Capacitive loading on ports 0 and 2 may cause the VOH on ALE and PSEN to momentarily fall below the 0.9VCC specification when the address bits are stabilizing. 4. Pins of ports 1, 2 and 3 source a transition current when they are being externally driven from 1 to 0. The transition current reaches its maximum value when VIN is approximately 2V. 5. ICCMAX at other frequencies is given by: Active mode: ICCMAX = 0.94 X FREQ + 13.71 Idle mode: ICCMAX = 0.14 X FREQ +2.31 where FREQ is the external oscillator frequency in MHz. ICCMAX is given in mA. See Figure 13. 6. See Figures 14 through 17 for ICC test conditions. 7. CIO applies to ports 1 through 6, AFLAG, BFLAG, XTAL1, XTAL2. 1998 May 01 10 Philips Semiconductors Product specification 80C51 8-bit microcontroller family 4K/128 OTP/ROM/ROMless, expanded I/O 80C451/83C451/87C451 AC ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS1 Tamb = 0°C to +70°C, VCC = 5V ±10%, VSS = 0V (87C451, 83C451, 80C451)2 12MHz CLOCK SYMBOL FIGURE 1/tCLCL PARAMETER Oscillator frequency: SC8XC451 SC8XC451 MIN MAX Speed Versions C G VARIABLE CLOCK MIN MAX UNIT 3.5 3.5 12 16 MHz MHz tLHLL 2 ALE pulse width 127 2tCLCL–40 ns tAVLL 2 Address valid to ALE low 28 tCLCL–55 ns tLLAX 2 Address hold after ALE low 48 tCLCL–35 ns tLLIV 2 ALE low to valid instruction in tLLPL 2 ALE low to PSEN low 43 tCLCL–40 ns tPLPH 2 PSEN pulse width 205 3tCLCL–45 ns tPLIV 2 PSEN low to valid instruction in tPXIX 2 Input instruction hold after PSEN tPXIZ 2 Input instruction float after PSEN 59 tCLCL–25 ns tAVIV 2 Address to valid instruction in 312 5tCLCL–105 ns tPLAZ 2 PSEN low to address float 10 10 ns 234 4tCLCL–100 145 0 3tCLCL–105 0 ns ns ns Data Memory tRLRH 3, 4 RD pulse width 400 6tCLCL–100 ns tWLWH 3, 4 WR pulse width 400 6tCLCL–100 ns tRLDV 3, 4 RD low to valid data in tRHDX 3, 4 Data hold after RD tRHDZ 3, 4 Data float after RD 97 2tCLCL–70 ns tLLDV 3, 4 ALE low to valid data in 517 8tCLCL–150 ns tAVDV 3, 4 Address to valid data in 585 9tCLCL–165 ns tLLWL 3, 4 ALE low to RD or WR low 200 3tCLCL+50 ns tAVWL 3, 4 Address valid to WR low or RD low 203 4tCLCL–130 ns tQVWX 3, 4 Data valid to WR transition 23 tCLCL–60 ns tWHQX 3, 4 Data hold after WR 33 tCLCL–50 ns tRLAZ 3, 4 RD low to address float tWHLH 3, 4 RD or WR high to ALE high 43 tXLXL 5 Serial port clock cycle time 1.0 12tCLCL µs tQVXH 5 Output data setup to clock rising edge 700 10tCLCL–133 ns tXHQX 5 Output data hold after clock rising edge 50 2tCLCL–117 ns tXHDX 5 Input data hold after clock rising edge 0 0 ns tXHDV 5 Clock rising edge to input data valid 252 0 5tCLCL–165 0 300 3tCLCL–50 0 123 tCLCL–40 ns ns 0 ns tCLCL+40 ns Shift Register 700 NOTES: SEE NEXT PAGE 1998 May 01 11 10tCLCL–133 ns Philips Semiconductors Product specification 80C51 8-bit microcontroller family 4K/128 OTP/ROM/ROMless, expanded I/O 80C451/83C451/87C451 AC ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS1 (continued) Tamb = 0°C to +70°C, VCC = 5V ±10%, VSS = 0V (87C451, 83C451, 80C451)2 12MHz CLOCK SYMBOL FIGURE PARAMETER MIN VARIABLE CLOCK MAX MIN MAX UNIT Port 6 input (input rise and fall times = 5ns) tFLFH 8 PE width 270 3tCLCL+20 ns tILIH 8 IDS width 270 3tCLCL+20 ns tDVIH 8 Data setup to IDS high or PE high 0 0 ns tIHDX 8 Data hold after IDS high or PE high 30 30 ns tIVFV 9 IDS to BFLAG (IBF) delay tOLOH 6 ODS width tFVDV 7 SEL to data out delay 85 85 ns tOLDV 6 ODS to data out delay 80 80 ns tOHDZ 6 ODS to data float delay 35 35 ns tOVFV 6 ODS to AFLAG (OBF) delay 100 100 ns tFLDV 6 PE to data out delay 120 120 ns tOHFH 7 ODS to AFLAG (SEL) delay 100 100 ns tCHCX 10 High time 20 20 ns tCLCX 10 Low time 20 20 ns tCLCH 10 Rise time 20 20 ns tCHCL 10 Fall time 20 20 ns 130 130 ns Port 6 output 270 3tCLCL+20 ns External Clock NOTES: 1. Parameters are valid over operating temperature range unless otherwise specified. 2. Load capacitance for port 0, ALE, and PSEN = 100pF, load capacitance for all other outputs = 80pF. 1998 May 01 12 Philips Semiconductors Product specification 80C51 8-bit microcontroller family 4K/128 OTP/ROM/ROMless, expanded I/O 80C451/83C451/87C451 EXPLANATION OF THE AC SYMBOLS P – PSEN Q – Output data R – RD signal t – Time V – Valid W – WR signal X – No longer a valid logic level Z – Float Examples: tAVLL = Time for address valid to ALE low. tLLPL = Time for ALE low to PSEN low. Each timing symbol has five characters. The first character is always ‘t’ (= time). The other characters, depending on their positions, indicate the name of a signal or the logical status of that signal. The designations are: A – Address C – Clock D – Input data H – Logic level high I – Instruction (program memory contents) L – Logic level low, or ALE tLHLL ALE tAVLL tLLPL tPLPH tLLIV tPLIV PSEN tLLAX A0–A7 PORT 0 tPXIZ tPLAZ tPXIX A0–A7 INSTR IN tAVIV PORT 2 A0–A15 A8–A15 SU00006 Figure 2. External Program Memory Read Cycle ALE tWHLH PSEN tLLDV tLLWL tRLRH RD tAVLL tLLAX tRLAZ PORT 0 tRHDZ tRLDV tRHDX A0–A7 FROM RI OR DPL DATA IN A0–A7 FROM PCL INSTR IN tAVWL tAVDV PORT 2 P2.0–P2.7 OR A8–A15 FROM DPH A0–A15 FROM PCH SU00007 Figure 3. External Data Memory Read Cycle 1998 May 01 13 Philips Semiconductors Product specification 80C51 8-bit microcontroller family 4K/128 OTP/ROM/ROMless, expanded I/O 80C451/83C451/87C451 ALE tWHLH PSEN tWLWH tLLWL WR tLLAX tAVLL A0–A7 FROM RI OR DPL PORT 0 tWHQX tQVWX DATA OUT A0–A7 FROM PCL INSTR IN tAVWL PORT 2 P2.0–P2.7 OR A8–A15 FROM DPH A0–A15 FROM PCH SU00008 Figure 4. External Data Memory Write Cycle INSTRUCTION 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 ALE tXLXL CLOCK tXHQX tQVXH OUTPUT DATA 0 1 WRITE TO SBUF 2 3 4 5 6 7 tXHDX tXHDV SET TI INPUT DATA VALID VALID VALID VALID VALID VALID VALID VALID CLEAR RI SET RI SU00027 Figure 5. Shift Register Mode Timing 1998 May 01 14 Philips Semiconductors Product specification 80C51 8-bit microcontroller family 4K/128 OTP/ROM/ROMless, expanded I/O 80C451/83C451/87C451 OBF (AFLAG) tOVFV tOVFV PE (BFLAG) tOLOH ODS tOLDV tOHDZ PORT 6 tFLDV SU00088 Figure 6. Port 6 Output ODS tOHFH SEL (AFLAG) tFVDV PORT 6 DATA tFVDV CSR DATA SU00089 Figure 7. Port 6 Select Mode tFLFH PE (BFLAG) tILIH IDS tDVIH tIHDZ PORT 6 SU00090 Figure 8. Port 6 Input IBF (BFLAG) tIVFV tIVFV IDS SU00091A Figure 9. IBF Flag Output 1998 May 01 15 Philips Semiconductors Product specification 80C51 8-bit microcontroller family 4K/128 OTP/ROM/ROMless, expanded I/O VCC–0.5 80C451/83C451/87C451 0.7VCC 0.2VCC–0.1 0.45V tCHCL tCHCX tCLCH tCLCX tCLCL SU00009 Figure 10. External Clock Drive VCC–0.5 0.2VCC+0.9 0.2VCC–0.1 0.45V NOTE: AC inputs during testing are driven at VCC –0.5 for a logic ‘1’ and 0.45V for a logic ‘0’. Timing measurements are made at VIH min for a logic ‘1’ and VIL max for a logic ‘0’. SU00010 Figure 11. AC Testing Input/Output VLOAD+0.1V VOH–0.1V TIMING REFERENCE POINTS VLOAD VLOAD–0.1V VOL+0.1V NOTE: For timing purposes, a port is no longer floating when a 100mV change from load voltage occurs, and begins to float when a 100mV change from the loaded VOH/VOL level occurs. IOH/IOL ≥ ±20mA. SU00011 Figure 12. Float Waveform 30 MAX ACTIVE MODE 25 20 ICC mA TYP ACTIVE MODE 15 10 5 MAX IDLE MODE TYP IDLE MODE 4MHz 8MHz 12MHz 16MHz FREQ AT XTAL1 VALID ONLY WITHIN FREQUENCY SPECIFICATIONS OF THE DEVICE UNDER TEST. SU00092 Figure 13. ICC vs. FREQ 1998 May 01 16 Philips Semiconductors Product specification 80C51 8-bit microcontroller family 4K/128 OTP/ROM/ROMless, expanded I/O 80C451/83C451/87C451 VCC VCC ICC ICC VCC VCC VCC VCC RST (NC) XTAL2 CLOCK SIGNAL XTAL1 VCC RST P0 P0 EA EA VCC (NC) XTAL2 CLOCK SIGNAL XTAL1 VCC IDS VSS VSS ODS IDS ODS SU00093 SU00094 Figure 14. ICC Test Condition, Active Mode All other pins are disconnected VCC–0.5 0.45V Figure 15. ICC Test Condition, Idle Mode All other pins are disconnected 0.7VCC 0.2VCC–0.1 tCHCL tCHCX tCLCH tCLCX tCLCL SU00009 Figure 16. Clock Signal Waveform for ICC Tests in Active and Idle Modes tCLCH = tCHCL = 5ns VCC ICC VCC RST VCC P0 EA (NC) XTAL2 VCC XTAL1 VSS IDS ODS SU00095 Figure 17. ICC Test Condition, Power Down Mode All other pins are disconnected. VCC = 2V to 5.5V 1998 May 01 17 Philips Semiconductors Product specification 80C51 8-bit microcontroller family 4K/128 OTP/ROM/ROMless, expanded I/O 80C451/83C451/87C451 programmed, further programming of the code memory and encryption table is disabled. However, the other lock bit can still be programmed. EPROM CHARACTERISTICS The 87C451 is programmed by using a modified Quick-Pulse Programming algorithm. It differs from older methods in the value used for VPP (programming supply voltage) and in the width and number of the ALE/PROG pulses. Note that the EA/VPP pin must not be allowed to go above the maximum specified VPP level for any amount of time. Even a narrow glitch above that voltage can cause permanent damage to the device. The VPP source should be well regulated and free of glitches and overshoot. The 87C451 contains two signature bytes that can be read and used by an EPROM programming system to identify the device. The signature bytes identify the device as an 87C451 manufactured by Philips Semiconductors. Program Verification If lock bit 2 has not been programmed, the on-chip program memory can be read out for program verification. The address of the program memory locations to be read is applied to ports 1 and 2 as shown in Figure 20. The other pins are held at the ‘Verify Code Data’ levels indicated in Table 4. The contents of the address location will be emitted on port 0. External pull-ups are required on port 0 for this operation. Table 4 shows the logic levels for reading the signature byte, and for programming the program memory, the encryption table, and the lock bits. The circuit configuration and waveforms for quick-pulse programming are shown in Figures 18 and 19. Figure 20 shows the circuit configuration for normal program memory verification. Quick-Pulse Programming The setup for microcontroller quick-pulse programming is shown in Figure 18. Note that the 87C451 is running with a 4 to 6MHz oscillator. The reason the oscillator needs to be running is that the device is executing internal address and program data transfers. If the encryption table has been programmed, the data presented at port 0 will be the exclusive NOR of the program byte with one of the encryption bytes. The user will have to know the encryption table contents in order to correctly decode the verification data. The encryption table itself cannot be read out. The address of the EPROM location to be programmed is applied to ports 1 and 2, as shown in Figure 18. The code byte to be programmed into that location is applied to port 0. RST, PSEN and pins of ports 2 and 3 specified in Table 4 are held at the ‘Program Code Data’ levels indicated in Table 4. The ALE/PROG is pulsed low 25 times as shown in Figure 19. Reading the Signature Bytes The signature bytes are read by the same procedure as a normal verification of locations 030H and 031H, except that P3.6 and P3.7 need to be pulled to a logic low. The values are: (030H) = 15H indicates manufactured by Philips (031H) = 90H indicates 87C451 To program the encryption table, repeat the 25 pulse programming sequence for addresses 0 through 1FH, using the ‘Pgm Encryption Table’ levels. Do not forget that after the encryption table is programmed, verification cycles will produce only encrypted data. Program/Verify Algorithms Any algorithm in agreement with the conditions listed in Table 4, and which satisfies the timing specifications, is suitable. To program the lock bits, repeat the 25 pulse programming sequence using the ‘Pgm Lock Bit’ levels. After one lock bit is Table 4. EPROM Programming Modes MODE RST PSEN ALE/PROG EA/VPP P2.7 P2.6 P3.7 P3.6 Read signature 1 0 Program code data 1 0 1 1 0 0 0 0 0* VPP 1 0 1 1 Verify code data 1 0 Pgm encryption table 1 0 1 1 0 0 1 1 0* VPP 1 0 1 0 Pgm lock bit 1 1 0 0* VPP 1 1 1 1 Pgm lock bit 2 1 0 0* VPP 1 1 0 0 NOTES: 1. ‘0’ = Valid low for that pin, ‘1’ = valid high for that pin. 2. VPP = 12.75V ±0.25V. 3. VCC = 5V ±10% during programming and verification. * ALE/PROG receives 25 programming pulses while VPP is held at 12.75V. Each programming pulse is low for 100µs (±10µs) and high for a minimum of 10µs. Trademark phrase of Intel Corporation. 1998 May 01 18 Philips Semiconductors Product specification 80C51 8-bit microcontroller family 4K/128 OTP/ROM/ROMless, expanded I/O 80C451/83C451/87C451 +5V VCC A0–A7 P0 P1 1 RST EA/VPP 1 P3.6 ALE/PROG 1 P3.7 87C451 XTAL2 4–6MHz XTAL1 PGM DATA +12.75V 25 100µs PULSES TO GROUND PSEN 0 P2.7 1 P2.6 0 A8–A12 P2.0–P2.4 VSS SU00096 Figure 18. Programming Configuration 25 PULSES 1 ALE/PROG: 0 10µs MIN 1 ALE/PROG: 100µs+10 0 SU00018 Figure 19. PROG Waveform +5V VCC A0–A7 P0 P1 PGM DATA 1 RST EA/VPP 1 1 P3.6 ALE/PROG 1 1 P3.7 PSEN 0 87C451 XTAL2 4–6MHz XTAL1 P2.7 0 ENABLE P2.6 0 P2.0–P2.4 A8–A12 VSS SU00097 Figure 20. Program Verification 1998 May 01 19 Philips Semiconductors Product specification 80C51 8-bit microcontroller family 4K/128 OTP/ROM/ROMless, expanded I/O 80C451/83C451/87C451 EPROM PROGRAMMING AND VERIFICATION CHARACTERISTICS Tamb = 21°C to +27°C, VCC = 5V±10%, VSS = 0V (See Figure 21) SYMBOL PARAMETER MIN MAX UNIT 12.5 13.0 V VPP Programming supply voltage IPP Programming supply current 1/tCLCL Oscillator frequency tAVGL Address setup to PROG low 48tCLCL tGHAX Address hold after PROG 48tCLCL tDVGL Data setup to PROG low 48tCLCL tGHDX Data hold after PROG 48tCLCL tEHSH P2.7 (ENABLE) high to VPP 48tCLCL tSHGL VPP setup to PROG low 10 µs tGHSL VPP hold after PROG 10 µs tGLGH PROG width 90 tAVQV Address to data valid 48tCLCL tELQZ ENABLE low to data valid 48tCLCL tEHQZ Data float after ENABLE 0 tGHGL PROG high to PROG low 10 4 mA 6 MHz 110 µs 48tCLCL µs PROGRAMMING* VERIFICATION* ADDRESS ADDRESS P1.0–P1.7 P2.0–P2.4 50 tAVQV DATA IN PORT 0 DATA OUT tDVGL tAVGL tGHDX tGHAX ALE/PROG tGLGH tSHGL tGHGL tGHSL LOGIC 1 LOGIC 1 EA/VPP LOGIC 0 tEHSH tELQV tEHQZ P2.7 ENABLE SU00020 NOTE: * FOR PROGRAMMING VERIFICATION SEE FIGURE 18. FOR VERIFICATION CONDITIONS SEE FIGURE 20. Figure 21. EPROM Programming and Verification 1998 May 01 20 Philips Semiconductors Product specification 80C51 8-bit microcontroller family 4K/128 OTP/ROM/ROMless, expanded I/O PLCC68: plastic leaded chip carrier; 68 leads; pedestal 1998 May 01 21 80C451/83C451/87C451 SOT188-3 Philips Semiconductors Product specification 80C51 8-bit microcontroller family 4K/128 OTP/ROM/ROMless, expanded I/O 80C451/83C451/87C451 Data sheet status Data sheet status Product status Definition [1] Objective specification Development This data sheet contains the design target or goal specifications for product development. Specification may change in any manner without notice. Preliminary specification Qualification This data sheet contains preliminary data, and supplementary data will be published at a later date. Philips Semiconductors reserves the right to make chages at any time without notice in order to improve design and supply the best possible product. Product specification Production This data sheet contains final specifications. Philips Semiconductors reserves the right to make changes at any time without notice in order to improve design and supply the best possible product. [1] Please consult the most recently issued datasheet before initiating or completing a design. Definitions Short-form specification — The data in a short-form specification is extracted from a full data sheet with the same type number and title. For detailed information see the relevant data sheet or data handbook. Limiting values definition — Limiting values given are in accordance with the Absolute Maximum Rating System (IEC 134). Stress above one or more of the limiting values may cause permanent damage to the device. These are stress ratings only and operation of the device at these or at any other conditions above those given in the Characteristics sections of the specification is not implied. Exposure to limiting values for extended periods may affect device reliability. Application information — Applications that are described herein for any of these products are for illustrative purposes only. Philips Semiconductors make no representation or warranty that such applications will be suitable for the specified use without further testing or modification. Disclaimers Life support — These products are not designed for use in life support appliances, devices or systems where malfunction of these products can reasonably be expected to result in personal injury. Philips Semiconductors customers using or selling these products for use in such applications do so at their own risk and agree to fully indemnify Philips Semiconductors for any damages resulting from such application. Right to make changes — Philips Semiconductors reserves the right to make changes, without notice, in the products, including circuits, standard cells, and/or software, described or contained herein in order to improve design and/or performance. Philips Semiconductors assumes no responsibility or liability for the use of any of these products, conveys no license or title under any patent, copyright, or mask work right to these products, and makes no representations or warranties that these products are free from patent, copyright, or mask work right infringement, unless otherwise specified. Copyright Philips Electronics North America Corporation 1998 All rights reserved. Printed in U.S.A. Philips Semiconductors 811 East Arques Avenue P.O. Box 3409 Sunnyvale, California 94088–3409 Telephone 800-234-7381 Date of release: 05-98 Document order number: 1998 May 01 22 9397 75003857