VIPer20A-E SMPS primary I.C. General features Type VDSS In RDS(on) VIPer20A-E VIPer20ASP-E VIPer20ADIP-E 700V 700V 700V 0.5A 0.5A 0.5A 18Ω 18Ω DIP-8 PENTAWATT HV 18Ω ■ Adjustable switching frequency up to 200 kHz ■ Current mode control ■ Soft start and shutdown control ■ Automatic burst mode operation in stand-by condition able to meet “blue angel” norm (<1w total power consumption) ■ Internally trimmed zener reference ■ Undervoltage lock-out with hysteresis ■ Integrated start-up supply ■ Over-temperature protection ■ Low stand-by current ■ Adjustable current limitation 10 1 POWERSO-10TM PENTAWATT HV (022Y) Description All the devices are made using VIPower M0 Technology, combines on the same silicon chip a state-of-the-art PWM circuit together with an optimized, high voltage, Vertical Power MOSFET (700V/ 0.5A). Typical applications cover offline power supplies with a secondary power capability of 10W in wide range condition and 20W in single range or with doubler configuration. It is compatible from both primary or secondary regulation loop despite using around 50% less components when compared with a discrete solution. Burst mode operation is an additional feature of this device, offering the ability to operate in stand-by mode without extra components. Block diagram DRAIN OSC ON/OFF OSCILLATOR SECURITY LATCH UVLO LOGIC VDD R/S PWM LATCH FF Q R1 S FF Q R2 R3 S OVERTEMP. DETECTOR 0.5 V + _ _ 13 V 1.7 µs delay 250 ns Blanking + 0.5V _ + 6 V/A _ CURRENT AMPLIFIER ERROR AMPLIFIER + COMP June 2006 Rev 2 SOURCE FC00491 4.5 V 1/34 www.st.com 34 VIPer20A-E Contents Contents 1 Electrical data . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4 1.1 Maximum rating . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4 1.2 Electrical characteristics . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5 2 Thermal data . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7 3 Pin description . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8 3.1 Drain pin (Integrated Power MOSFET drain): . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8 3.2 Source pin: . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8 3.3 VDD pin (power supply): . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8 3.4 Compensation pin . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8 3.5 OSC pin (oscillator frequency): . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9 4 Typical circuit . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10 5 Operation description . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11 2/34 5.1 Current mode topology: . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11 5.2 Stand-by mode . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11 5.3 High voltage start-up current suorce . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12 5.4 Transconductance error amplifier . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13 5.5 External clock synchronization: . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14 5.6 Primary peak current limitation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14 5.7 Over-temperature protection . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14 5.8 Operation pictures . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15 VIPer20A-E 6 Electrical over stress . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21 6.1 7 Contents Electrical over stress ruggedness . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21 Layout . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 22 7.1 Layout considerations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 22 8 Package mechanical data . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 23 9 Order code 10 Revision history . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 33 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 32 3/34 VIPer20A-E Electrical data 1 Electrical data 1.1 Maximum rating Table 1. Absolute maximum rating Symbol VDS ID Parameter Continuous Drain-Source Voltage (TJ = 25 to 125°C) Maximum Current Value Unit –0.3 to 700 V Internally limited A 0 to 15 V VDD Supply Voltage VOSC Voltage Range Input 0 to VDD V VCOMP Voltage Range Input 0 to 5 V ICOMP Maximum Continuous Current ±2 mA VESD Electrostatic Discharge (R = 1.5kΩ; C = 100pF) 4000 V ID(AR) Avalanche Drain-Source Current, Repetitive or Not Repetitive (TC = 100°C; Pulse width limited by TJ max; δ < 1%) 0.4 A PTOT Power Dissipation at TC= 25ºC 57 W Internally limited °C -65 to 150 °C TJ TSTG 4/34 Junction Operating Temperature Storage Temperature VIPer20A-E 1.2 Electrical data Electrical characteristics TJ = 25°C; VDD = 13V, unless otherwise specified Table 2. Power section Symbol Parameter BVDS Drain-Source Voltage ID = 1mA; VCOMP = 0V IDSS Off-State Drain Current VCOMP = 0V; Tj = 125°C Static Drain-Source On Resistance ID = 0.4A ID = 0.4A; TJ= 100°C tf Fall Time ID = 0.2A; VIN =300V (1) Figure 7 100 ns tr Rise Time ID = 0.4A; VIN = 300V (1) Figure 7 50 ns Output Capacitance VDS = 25V 90 pF RDS(on) Coss Test conditions Min Typ Max 700 Unit V VDS = 700V 15.5 1.0 mA 18 32 Ω Ω (1) On Inductive Load, Clamped. Table 3. Symbol IDDch IDD0 Supply section Parameter Start-Up Charging Current Test conditions Min VDD = 5V; VDS = 35V Max -2 Figure 6, Figure 11 Operating Supply Current Typ VDD = 12V; FSW = 0kHz 12 Figure 6 Unit mA 16 mA IDD1 Operating Supply Current VDD = 12V; Fsw = 100kHz 13 mA IDD2 Operating Supply Current VDD = 12V; Fsw = 200kHz 14 mA VDDoff Undervoltage Shutdown Figure 6 VDDon Undervoltage Reset Figure 6 VDDhyst Hysteresis Start-up Figure 6 Table 4. Symbol 7.5 8 9 V 11 12 V 2.4 3 V Min Typ Max Unit 90 100 110 KHz Oscillator section Parameter Test conditions RT=8.2KΩ; CT=2.4nF FSW Oscillator Frequency Total Variation VDD=9 to 15V; with RT± 1%; CT± 5% (see Figure )(see Figure 14) VOSCIH Oscillator Peak Voltage 7.1 V VOSCIL Oscillator Valley Voltage 3.7 V 5/34 VIPer20A-E Electrical data Table 5. Error amplifier section Symbol Parameter Test conditions VDDREG VDD Regulation Point ICOMP=0mA (see Figure 5) ∆VDDreg Total Variation TJ = 0 to 100°C Min Typ Max Unit 12.6 13 13.4 V 2 % 150 KHz dB From Input =VDD to Output = VCOMP GBW Unity Gain Bandwidth AVOL Open Loop Voltage Gain COMP pin is open Figure 15 45 52 DC Transconductance VCOMP=2.5V(see Figure 5) 1.1 1.5 Gm COMP pin is open Figure 15 1.9 mA/V VCOMPLO Output Low Level ICOMP=-400µA; VDD=14V 0.2 V VCOMPHI Output High Level ICOMP=400µA; VDD=12V 4.5 V ICOMPLO Output Low Current Capability VCOMP=2.5V; VDD=14V -600 µA ICOMPHI Output High Current Capability 600 µA Table 6. Symbol VCOMP=2.5V; VDD=12V PWM comparator section Parameter Test conditions Min Typ Max Unit 4.2 6 7.8 V/A ∆VCOMP / ∆IDPEAK VCOMP = 1 to 3 V VCOMP Offset IDPEAK = 10mA Peak Current Limitation VDD = 12V; COMP pin open td Current Sense Delay to TurnOff ID = 1A tb Blanking Time 250 360 ns Minimum On Time 350 1200 ns Typ Max Unit HID VCOMPoff IDpeak ton(min) Table 7. Symbol VCOMPth 0.5 0.5 0.67 V 0.9 250 A ns Shutdown and overtemperature section Parameter Test conditions Min Restart Threshold (see Figure 8) 0.5 Disable Set Up Time (see Figure 8) 1.7 5 µs Ttsd Thermal Shutdown Temperature (see Figure 8) 170 190 °C Thyst Thermal Shutdown Hysteresis (see Figure 8) tDISsu 6/34 140 40 V °C VIPer20A-E 2 Thermal data Thermal data Table 8. Thermal data Symbol PENTAWATT PowerSO-10™(1) Parameter RthJA Thermal Resistance Junction-pin Max RthJC Thermal Resistance Junction-case Max 2.0 2.0 RthJC Thermal Resistance Ambient-case Max 70 60 DIP-8 Unit 20 °C/W °C/W 35 (2) °C/W 1. When mounted using the minimum recommended pad size on FR-4 board. 2. On multylayer PCB. 7/34 VIPer20A-E Pin description 3 Pin description 3.1 Drain pin (Integrated Power MOSFET drain): Integrated Power MOSFET drain pin. It provides internal bias current during start-up via an integrated high voltage current source which is switched off during normal operation. The device is able to handle an unclamped current during its normal operation, assuring self protection against voltage surges, PCB stray inductance, and allowing a snubberless operation for low output power. 3.2 Source pin: Power MOSFET source pin. Primary side circuit common ground connection. 3.3 VDD pin (power supply): This pin provides two functions : 3.4 ● It corresponds to the low voltage supply of the control part of the circuit. If VDD goes below 8V, the start-up current source is activated and the output power MOSFET is switched off until the VDD voltage reaches 11V. During this phase, the internal current consumption is reduced, the VDD pin is sourcing a current of about 2mA and the COMP pin is shorted to ground. After that, the current source is shut down, and the device tries to start up by switching again. ● This pin is also connected to the error amplifier, in order to allow primary as well as secondary regulation configurations. In case of primary regulation, an internal 13V trimmed reference voltage is used to maintain VDD at 13V. For secondary regulation, a voltage between 8.5V and 12.5V will be put on VDD pin by transformer design, in order to stuck the output of the transconductance amplifier to the high state. The COMP pin behaves as a constant current source, and can easily be connected to the output of an optocoupler. Note that any overvoltage due to regulation loop failure is still detected by the error amplifier through the VDD voltage, which cannot overpass 13V. The output voltage will be somewhat higher than the nominal one, but still under control. Compensation pin This pin provides two functions : 8/34 ● It is the output of the error transconductance amplifier, and allows for the connection of a compensation network to provide the desired transfer function of the regulation loop. Its bandwidth can be easily adjusted to the needed value with usual components value. As stated above, secondary regulation configurations are also implemented through the COMP pin. ● When the COMP voltage is going below 0.5V, the shut-down of the circuit occurs, with a zero duty cycle for the power MOSFET. This feature can be used to switch off the converter, and is automatically activated by the regulation loop (no matter what the configuration is) to provide a burst mode operation in case of negligible output power or open load condition. VIPer20A-E 3.5 Pin description OSC pin (oscillator frequency): An Rt-Ct network must be connected on that to define the switching frequency. Note that despite the connection of Rt to VDD, no significant frequency change occurs for VDD varying from 8V to 15V. It provides also a synchronisation capability, when connected to an external frequency source. Figure 1. Connection diagrams (top view) PENTAWATT HV Figure 2. PENTAWATT HV (022Y) DIP-8 PowerSO-10TM Current and voltage convention IDD ID VDD IOSC DRAIN - OSC 13V + COMP SOURCE VDD VDS ICOMP VOSC VCOMP FC00020 9/34 VIPer20A-E Typical circuit 4 Typical circuit Figure 3. Offline power supply with auxiliary supply feedback F1 BR1 TR2 C1 TR1 D2 AC IN L2 +Vcc D1 R9 C2 C7 C9 R1 C3 GND D3 C10 R7 C4 R2 VDD DRAIN - OSC VIPer20 + 13V COMP SOURCE C5 C6 C11 R3 FC00401 Figure 4. Offline power supply with optocoupler feedback F1 BR1 TR2 C1 TR1 D2 AC IN L2 +Vcc D1 R9 C2 C7 C9 R1 C3 G ND D3 C10 R7 C4 R2 VDD DRAIN - OSC 13V VIPer20 + COM P C5 C11 S OURCE C6 R6 ISO1 R3 R4 C8 U2 R5 FC00411 10/34 VIPer20A-E Operation description 5 Operation description 5.1 Current mode topology: The current mode control method, like the one integrated in the devices, uses two control loops - an inner current control loop and an outer loop for voltage control. When the Power MOSFET output transistor is on, the inductor current (primary side of the transformer) is monitored with a SenseFET technique and converted into a voltage VS proportional to this current. When VS reaches VCOMP (the amplified output voltage error) the power switch is switched off. Thus, the outer voltage control loop defines the level at which the inner loop regulates peak current through the power switch and the primary winding of the transformer. Excellent open loop D.C. and dynamic line regulation is ensured due to the inherent input voltage feedforward characteristic of the current mode control. This results in improved line regulation, instantaneous correction to line changes, and better stability for the voltage regulation loop. Current mode topology also ensures good limitation in case there is a short circuit. During the first phase the output current increases slowly following the dynamic of the regulation loop. Then it reaches the maximum limitation current internally set and finally stops because the power supply on VDD is no longer correct. For specific applications the maximum peak current internally set can be overridden by externally limiting the voltage excursion on the COMP pin. An integrated blanking filter inhibits the PWM comparator output for a short time after the integrated Power MOSFET is switched on. This function prevents anomalous or premature termination of the switching pulse in case there are current spikes caused by primary side capacitance or secondary side rectifier reverse recovery time. 5.2 Stand-by mode Stand-by operation in nearly open load conditions automatically leads to a burst mode operation allowing voltage regulation on the secondary side. The transition from normal operation to burst mode operation happens for a power PSTBY given by : Where: 1 2 F P STBY = --- L P I STBY SW 2 LP is the primary inductance of the transformer. FSW is the normal switching frequency. ISTBY is the minimum controllable current, corresponding to the minimum on time that the device is able to provide in normal operation. This current can be computed as : ( t b + t d )V IN I STBY = ----------------------------Lp tb + td is the sum of the blanking time and of the propagation time of the internal current sense and comparator, and represents roughly the minimum on time of the device. Note: that PSTBY may be affected by the efficiency of the converter at low load, and must include the power drawn on the primary auxiliary voltage. 11/34 VIPer20A-E Operation description As soon as the power goes below this limit, the auxiliary secondary voltage starts to increase above the 13V regulation level, forcing the output voltage of the transconductance amplifier to low state (VCOMP < VCOMPth). This situation leads to the shutdown mode where the power switch is maintained in the Off state, resulting in missing cycles and zero duty cycle. As soon as VDD gets back to the regulation level and the VCOMPth threshold is reached, the device operates again. The above cycle repeats indefinitely, providing a burst mode of which the effective duty cycle is much lower than the minimum one when in normal operation. The equivalent switching frequency is also lower than the normal one, leading to a reduced consumption on the input main supply lines. This mode of operation allows the VIPer20A-E to meet the new German "Blue Angel" Norm with less than 1W total power consumption for the system when working in stand-by mode. The output voltage remains regulated around the normal level, with a low frequency ripple corresponding to the burst mode. The amplitude of this ripple is low, because of the output capacitors and low output current drawn in such conditions.The normal operation resumes automatically when the power gets back to higher levels than PSTBY. 5.3 High voltage start-up current suorce An integrated high voltage current source provides a bias current from the DRAIN pin during the start-up phase. This current is partially absorbed by internal control circuits which are placed into a standby mode with reduced consumption and also provided to the external capacitor connected to the VDD pin. As soon as the voltage on this pin reaches the high voltage threshold VDDon of the UVLO logic, the device becomes active mode and starts switching. The start-up current generator is switched off, and the converter should normally provide the needed current on the VDD pin through the auxiliary winding of the transformer, as shown on (see Figure 11). In case there are abnormal conditions where the auxiliary winding is unable to provide the low voltage supply current to the VDD pin (i.e. short circuit on the output of the converter), the external capacitor discharges to the low threshold voltage VDDoff of the UVLO logic, and the device goes back to the inactive state where the internal circuits are in standby mode and the start-up current source is activated. The converter enters a endless start-up cycle, with a startup duty cycle defined by the ratio of charging current towards discharging when the VIPer20-E tries to start. This ratio is fixed by design to 2A to 15A, which gives a 12% start-up duty cycle while the power dissipation at start-up is approximately 0.6W, for a 230Vrms input voltage. This low value start-up duty cycle prevents the application of stress to the output rectifiers as well as the transformer when a short circuit occurs. The external capacitor CVDD on the VDD pin must be sized according to the time needed by the converter to start up, when the device starts switching. This time tSS depends on many parameters, among which transformer design, output capacitors, soft start feature, and compensation network implemented on the COMP pin. The following formula can be used for defining the minimum capacitor needed: where: I t DD SS C VDD > -------------------V DDhyst IDD is the consumption current on the VDD pin when switching. Refer to specified IDD1 and IDD2 values. tSS is the start up time of the converter when the device begins to switch. Worst case is generally at full load. VDDhyst is the voltage hysteresis of the UVLO logic (refer to the minimum specified value). 12/34 VIPer20A-E Operation description The soft start feature can be implemented on the COMP pin through a simple capacitor which will be also used as the compensation network. In this case, the regulation loop bandwidth is rather low, because of the large value of this capacitor. In case a large regulation loop bandwidth is mandatory, the schematics of (see Figure 17) can be used. It mixes a high performance compensation network together with a separate high value soft start capacitor. Both soft start time and regulation loop bandwidth can be adjusted separately. If the device is intentionally shut down by tying the COMP pin to ground, the device is also performing start-up cycles, and the VDD voltage is oscillating between VDDon and VDDoff. This voltage can be used for supplying external functions, provided that their consumption does not exceed 0.5mA. (see Figure 18) shows a typical application of this function, with a latched shutdown. Once the "Shutdown" signal has been activated, the device remains in the Off state until the input voltage is removed. 5.4 Transconductance error amplifier The VIPer20A-E includes a transconductance error amplifier. Transconductance Gm is the change in output current (ICOMP) versus change in input voltage (VDD). Thus: ∂l COMP G m = -----------------∂V DD The output impedance ZCOMP at the output of this amplifier (COMP pin) can be defined as: V V ∂ COMP 1 ∂ COMP Z COMP = -------------------= -------- × -----------------------I G ∂V DD m ∂ COMP This last equation shows that the open loop gain AVOL can be related to Gm and ZCOMP: AVOL = Gm x ZCOMP where Gm value for VIPer20A-E is 1.5 mA/V typically. Gm is defined by specification, but ZCOMP and therefore AVOL are subject to large tolerances. An impedance Z can be connected between the COMP pin and ground in order to define the transfer function F of the error amplifier more accurately, according to the following equation (very similar to the one above): F(S) = Gm x Z(S) The error amplifier frequency response is reported in for different values of a simple resistance connected on the COMP pin. The unloaded transconductance error amplifier shows an internal ZCOMP of about 330KΩ. More complex impedance can be connected on the COMP pin to achieve different compensation level. A capacitor will provide an integrator function, thus eliminating the DC static error, and a resistance in series leads to a flat gain at higher frequency, insuring a correct phase margin. This configuration is illustrated in Figure 20 As shown in Figure 19 an additional noise filtering capacitor of 2.2nF is generally needed to avoid any high frequency interference. Is also possible to implement a slope compensation when working in continuous mode with duty cycle higher than 50%. Figure 21 shows such a configuration. Note: R1 and C2 build the classical compensation network, and Q1 is injecting the slope compensation with the correct polarity from the oscillator sawtooth. 13/34 Operation description 5.5 VIPer20A-E External clock synchronization: The OSC pin provides a synchronisation capability when connected to an external frequency source. Figure 21 shows one possible schematic to be adapted, depending the specific needs. If the proposed schematic is used, the pulse duration must be kept at a low value (500ns is sufficient) for minimizing consumption. The optocoupler must be able to provide 20mA through the optotransistor. 5.6 Primary peak current limitation The primary IDPEAK current and, consequently, the output power can be limited using the simple circuit shown in Figure 22 . The circuit based on Q1, R1 and R2 clamps the voltage on the COMP pin in order to limit the primary peak current of the device to a value: V COMP – 0.5 I DPEAK = ------------------------------H ID where: R1 + R2 V COMP = 0.6 × ------------------R2 The suggested value for R1+R2 is in the range of 220KΩ. 5.7 Over-temperature protection Over-temperature protection is based on chip temperature sensing. The minimum junction temperature at which over-temperature cut-out occurs is 140ºC, while the typical value is 170ºC. The device is automatically restarted when the junction temperature decreases to the restart temperature threshold that is typically 40ºC below the shutdown value (see Figure 13) 14/34 VIPer20A-E 5.8 Operation description Operation pictures Figure 5. VDD Regulation point ICOMP Figure 6. Undervoltage lockout IDD Slope = Gmin mA/V ICOMPHI IDD0 VDD VDS= 35 V Fsw = 0 VDDhyst 0 VDDon VDD VDDoff ICOMPLO IDDch VDDreg FC00170 FC00150 Figure 7. Transition time Figure 8. Shutdown action VOSC ID t 10% Ipeak VDS t VCOMP tDISsu 90% VD VCOMPth t 10% VD t tf ID tr FC00160 t ENABLE ENABLE DISABLE FC00060 Figure 9. Breakdown voltage vs temperature Figure 10. Typical frequency variation FC00180 1.15 (%) BVDSS FC00190 1 0 (Normalized) 1.1 -1 -2 1.05 -3 1 0.95 -4 -5 0 20 40 60 80 100 120 Temperature (°C) 0 20 40 60 80 100 120 140 Temperature (°C) 15/34 VIPer20A-E Operation description Figure 11. Behaviour of the high voltage current source at start-up VDD 2 mA VDDon VDDoff 15 mA 3 mA VDD 1 mA DRAIN 15 mA CVDD Ref. t Auxiliary primary winding UNDERVOLTAGE LOCK OUT LOGIC VIPer20 Start up duty cycle ~ 12% Figure 12. Start-up waveforms 16/34 SOURCE FC00101A VIPer20A-E Operation description Figure 13. Over-temperature protection T T ts c J T t s d -T h y s t t Vdd V dd on V dd off t Id t V co m p t SC 1 0 1 9 1 17/34 VIPer20A-E Operation description Figure 14. Oscillator For Rt > 1.2kΩ and Ct ≤40KHz VDD Rt OSC Ct ~360Ω CLK FC00050 Ct Forbidden area Ct(nF) = 22nF 880 Fsw(kHz) 15nF Forbidden area Fsw 40kHz Oscillator frequency vs Rt and Ct FC00030 1,000 Ct = 1.5 nF 500 Frequency (kHz) Ct = 2.7 nF 300 Ct = 4.7 nF 200 Ct = 10 nF 100 50 30 1 2 3 5 Rt (kΩ) 18/34 10 20 30 50 VIPer20A-E Operation description Figure 15. Error amplifier frequency response FC00200 60 RCOMP = +∞ Voltage Gain (dB) RCOMP = 270k 40 RCOMP = 82k RCOMP = 27k 20 RCOMP = 12k 0 (20) 0.001 0.01 0.1 1 10 Frequency (kHz) 100 1,000 Figure 16. Error amplifier phase response FC00210 200 RCOMP = +∞ 150 RCOMP = 270k Phase (°) RCOMP = 82k RCOMP = 27k 100 RCOMP = 12k 50 0 (50) 0.001 0.01 0.1 1 10 Frequency (kHz) 100 1,000 19/34 VIPer20A-E Operation description Figure 17. Mixed soft start and compensation Figure 18. Latched shut down D2 D3 VIPer20 VDD VDD - OSC 13V VIPer20 R1 DRAIN Q2 R3 + COMP DRAIN - OSC + 13V SOURCE D1 COMP SOURCE AUXILIARY WINDING R3 R2 R1 C4 R2 + C3 R4 Shutdown + C2 C1 D1 Q1 FC00440 FC00431 Figure 19. Typical compensation network Figure 20. Slope compensation VIPer20 VDD DRAIN - OSC 13V R2 R1 VIPer20 + VDD COMP SOURCE DRAIN - OSC + 13V COMP SOURCE C2 R1 C2 C1 Q1 C1 C3 R3 FC00451 FC00461 Figure 21. External clock sinchronisation Figure 22. Current limitation circuit example VIPer20 VDD VIPer20 VDD OSC OSC DRAIN 13V DRAIN 13V + COMP SOURCE + COMP SOURCE 10 kΩ R1 Q1 FC00470 R2 FC00480 20/34 VIPer20A-E Electrical over stress 6 Electrical over stress 6.1 Electrical over stress ruggedness The VIPer may be submitted to electrical over-stress, caused by violent input voltage surges or lightning. Following the Layout Considerations is sufficient to prevent catastrophic damages most of the time. However in some cases, the voltage surges coupled through the transformer auxiliary winding can exceed the VDD pin absolute maximum rating voltage value. Such events may trigger the VDD internal protection circuitry which could be damaged by the strong discharge current of the VDD bulk capacitor. The simple RC filter shown in Figure 23 can be implemented to improve the application immunity to such surges. Figure 23. Input voltage surges protection R1 D1 (Optional) R2 39R Auxilliary winding C1 Bulk capacitor VDD C2 22nF OSC DRAIN 13V VIPerXX0 + COMP SOURCE 21/34 VIPer20A-E Layout 7 Layout 7.1 Layout considerations Some simple rules insure a correct running of switching power supplies. They may be classified into two categories: – Minimizing power loops: The switched power current must be carefully analysed and the corresponding paths must be as small an inner loop area as possible. This avoids radiated EMC noises, conducted EMC noises by magnetic coupling, and provides a better efficiency by eliminating parasitic inductances, especially on secondary side. – Using different tracks for low level and power signals: Interference due to mixing of signal and power may result in instabilities and/or anomalous behaviour of the device in case of violent power surge (Input overvoltages, output short circuits...). In case of VIPer, these rules apply as shown on (see Figure 24). – Loops C1-T1-U1, C5-D2-T1, and C7-D1-T1 must be minimized. – C6 must be as close as possible to T1. – Signal components C2, ISO1, C3, and C4 are using a dedicated track connected directly to the power source of the device. Figure 24. Recommended layout T1 D1 C7 D2 R1 VDD DRAIN - C1 OSC From input diodes bridge 13V C5 + COMP SOURCE U1 VIPerXX0 R2 C6 C2 C3 ISO1 C4 FC00500 22/34 To secondary filtering and load VIPer20A-E 8 Package mechanical data Package mechanical data In order to meet environmental requirements, ST offers these devices in ECOPACK® packages. These packages have a Lead-free second level interconnect . The category of second Level Interconnect is marked on the package and on the inner box label, in compliance with JEDEC Standard JESD97. The maximum ratings related to soldering conditions are also marked on the inner box label. ECOPACK is an ST trademark. ECOPACK specifications are available at: www.st.com. 23/34 VIPer20A-E Package mechanical data Table 9. Pentawatt HV Mechanical data mm. inch Dim Min Typ Max Min Typ A 4.30 4.80 0.169 0.189 C 1.17 1.37 0.046 0.054 D 2.40 2.80 0.094 0.11 E 0.35 0.55 0.014 0.022 F 0.60 0.80 0.024 0.031 G1 4.91 5.21 0.193 0.205 G2 7.49 7.80 0.295 0.307 H1 9.30 9.70 0.366 0.382 H2 10.40 0.409 H3 10.05 10.40 L 15.60 17.30 6.14 0.681 L1 14.60 15.22 0.575 0.599 L2 21.20 21.85 0.835 0.860 L3 22.20 22.82 0.874 0.898 L5 2.60 3 0.102 0.118 L6 15.10 15.80 0.594 0.622 L7 6 6.60 0.236 0.260 0.396 0.409 M 2.50 3.10 0.098 0.122 M1 4.50 5.60 0.177 0.220 R 0.50 0.02 V4 Diam 90° 3.65 3.85 0.144 0.152 Figure 25. Package dimension P023H3 24/34 Max VIPer20A-E Table 10. Package mechanical data Pentawatt HV 022Y ( Vertical High Pitch ) Mechanical data mm. inch Dim Min Typ Max Min Typ Max A 4.30 4.80 0.169 0.189 C 1.17 1.37 0.046 0.054 D 2.40 2.80 0.094 0.110 E 0.35 0.55 0.014 0.022 F 0.60 0.80 0.024 0.031 G1 4.91 5.21 0.193 0.205 G2 7.49 7.80 0.295 0.307 H1 9.30 9.70 0.366 0.382 H2 10.40 0.409 H3 10.05 10.40 0.396 0.409 L 16.42 17.42 0.646 0.686 L1 14.60 15.22 0.575 0.599 L3 20.52 21.52 0.808 0.847 L5 2.60 3.00 0.102 0.118 L6 15.10 15.80 0.594 0.622 L7 6.00 6.60 0.236 0.260 M 2.50 3.10 0.098 0.122 M1 5.00 5.70 0.197 R 0.50 V4 90° Diam 0.224 0.02 0.020 90° 3.65 3.85 0.144 0.154 Figure 26. Package dimension L L1 E A M M1 C D R Resin between leads L6 L7 V4 H2 H3 H1 G1 G2 F DIA L5 L3 25/34 VIPer20A-E Package mechanical data Table 11. DIP-8 Mechanical data mm Inch Dim. Min A Typ Min 3.32 Typ Max 0.131 a1 0.51 B 1.15 1.65 0.045 0.020 0.065 b 0.356 0.55 0.014 0.022 b1 0.204 0.304 0.008 0.012 0.313 0.384 D E 10.92 7.95 9.75 0.430 e 2.54 0.100 e3 7.62 0.300 e4 7.62 0.300 F 6.6 0.260 I 5.08 0.200 L 3.18 Z Figure 27. Package dimensions 26/34 Max 3.81 1.52 0.125 0.150 0.060 VIPer20A-E Table 12. Package mechanical data PowerSO-10 mechanical data mm Inch Dim. Min Typ Max Min Typ Max A 3.35 3.65 0.132 0.144 A1 0.00 0.10 0.000 0.004 B 0.40 0.60 0.016 0.024 C 0.35 0.55 0.013 0.022 D 9.40 9.60 0.370 0.378 D1 7.40 7.60 0.291 0.300 e 1.27 0.050 E 9.30 9.50 0.366 0.374 E1 7.20 7.40 0.283 0.291 E2 7.20 7.60 0.283 0.300 E3 6.10 6.35 0.240 0.250 E4 5.90 6.10 0.232 0.240 F 1.25 1.35 0.049 0.053 h 0.50 0.002 H 13.80 14.40 0.543 0.567 L 1.20 1.80 0.047 0.071 q α 1.70 0o 0.067 8o Figure 28. Package dimension 27/34 VIPer20A-E Package mechanical data Figure 29. Power Pad layout Figure 30. Tube shipment Table 13. Tube shipment Base Q.ty Bulk Q.ty Tube length (± 0.5) A B C (± 0.1) Casablanca 50 1000 532 10.4 16.4 0.8 Muar 50 1000 532 4.9 17.2 0.8 28/34 VIPer20A-E Package mechanical data Figure 31. Reel shipment Table 14. Note: Reel dimension Base Q.ty 600 Bulk Q.ty 600 A (max) 330 B (min) 1.5 C (± 0.2) 13 F 20.2 G (± 0.2) 24.4 N (min) 60 T (max) 30.4 All dimensoin are in mm. 29/34 VIPer20A-E Package mechanical data Figure 32. Tape shipment Table 15. Note: 30/34 Tape dimension Tape width W 24 Tape Hole Spacing P0 (± 0.1) 4 Component Spacing P 24 Hole Diameter D (± 0.1/-0) 1.5 Hole Diameter D1 (min) 1.5 Hole Position F (± 0.05) 11.5 Compartment Depth K (max) 6.5 Hole Spacing P1 (± 0.1) 2 All dimensions are in mm. VIPer20A-E Package mechanical data Figure 33. Pentawatt HV tube shipment ( no suffix ) Table 16. Tube dimension Base Q.ty 50 Bulk Q.ty 1000 Tube length (± 0.5 ) 532 A 18 B 33.1 C (± 0.1) 1 Note: All dimensions are in mm. Figure 34. Dip-8 Tube shipment (no suffix) Table 17. Tube dimension Base Q.ty 20 Bulk Q.ty 1000 Tube length (± 0.5 ) 532 A 8.4 B 11.2 C (± 0.1) 0.8 Note: All dimensions are in mm. 31/34 VIPer20A-E Order code 9 Order code Table 18. 32/34 Order code Part number Package VIPer20A-E PENTAWATT HV VIPer20A-22-E PENTAWATT HV (022Y) VIPer20ADIP-E DIP-8 VIPer20ASP-E PowerSO-10 VIPer20A-E 10 Revision history Revision history Table 19. Revision history Date Revision Changes 28-Sep-2005 1 Initial release. 21-Jun-2006 2 New template, few updates 33/34 VIPer20A-E Please Read Carefully: Information in this document is provided solely in connection with ST products. STMicroelectronics NV and its subsidiaries (“ST”) reserve the right to make changes, corrections, modifications or improvements, to this document, and the products and services described herein at any time, without notice. All ST products are sold pursuant to ST’s terms and conditions of sale. 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