VN21 ISO HIGH SIDE SMART POWER SOLID STATE RELAY Table 1. General Features Figure 1. Package Type VDSS RDS(on) In (1) VCC VN21 60 V 0.05 Ω 7A 26 V Note: 1. In= Nominal current according to ISO definition for high side automotive switch. The Nominal Current is the current at Tc = 85 °C for battery voltage of 13V which produces a voltage drop of 0.5 V. ■ MAXIMUM CONTINUOUS OUTPUT CURRENT (note 2): 23 A @ Tc= 85°C ■ 5V LOGIC LEVEL COMPATIBLE INPUT ■ THERMAL SHUT-DOWN ■ UNDER VOLTAGE PROTECTION ■ OPEN DRAIN DIAGNOSTIC OUTPUT ■ INDUCTIVE LOAD FAST DEMAGNETIZATION ■ VERY LOW STAND-BY POWER DISSIPATION PENTAWATT (vertical) DESCRIPTION The VN21 is a monolithic device made using STMicroelectronics VIPower Technology, intended for driving resistive or inductive loads with one side grounded. Built-in thermal shut-down protects the chip from over temperature and short circuit. The open drain diagnostic output indicates: open load in off state and in on state, output shorted to VCC and overtemperature. Fast demagnetization of inductive loads is achieved by negative (-18V) load voltage at turn-off. PENTAWATT (horizontal) PENTAWATT (in-line) Note: 2. The maximum continuous output current is the current at Tc = 85 °C for a battery voltage of 13 V which does not activate self protection Table 2. Order Codes Package Tube Tape and Reel PENTAWATT Vert. VN21 — PENTAWATT Hor. VN21(011Y) — PENTAWATT In line VN21(012Y) — REV. 2 June 2004 1/13 VN21 Figure 2. Block Diagram Table 3. Absolute Maximum Ratings Symbol Parameter Value Unit V(BR)DSS Drain-Source Breakdown Voltage 60 V Output Current (cont.) at Tc = 85 °C 23 A IR Reverse Output Current at Tc = 85 °C –23 A IIN Input Current ±10 mA – VCC Reverse Supply Voltage –4 V ISTAT Status Current ±10 mA VESD Electrostatic Discharge (1.5 kΩ, 100 pF) 2000 V IOUT Ptot Power Dissipation at Tc = 85 °C 48 W Tj Junction Operating Temperature -40 to 150 °C Storage Temperature -55 to 150 °C Tstg 2/13 VN21 Figure 3. Connection Diagram Figure 4. Current and Voltage Conventions Table 4. Thermal Data Symbol Parameter Value Unit Rthj-case Thermal Resistance Junction-case Max 1.35 °C/W Rthj-amb Thermal Resistance Junction-ambient Max 60 °C/W 3/13 VN21 ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS (VCC = 13 V; –40 ≤ Tj ≤ 125 °C unless otherwise specified) Table 5. Power Symbol Parameter Test Conditions VCC Supply Voltage In(3) Nominal Current Tc = 85 °C; VDS(on) ≤ 0.5 Ron On State Resistance IOUT = 7 A IOUT = 7 A; Tj = 25 °C Supply Current Maximum Voltage Drop IS VDS(MAX) Min. Typ. Max. Unit 5.5 13 26 V 7 A 0.10 0.05 Ω Ω Off State; Tj ≥ 25 °C On State 50 15 µA mA IOUT = 20 A; Tc = 85 °C 1.8 V Note: 3. In= Nominal current according to ISO definition for high side automotive switch. The Nominal Current is the current at Tc = 85 °C for battery voltage of 13V which produces a voltage drop of 0.5 V. Table 6. Switching Symbol Parameter Test Conditions Min. Typ. Max. Unit Turn-on Delay Time Of Output Current IOUT = 7 A; Resistive Load Input Rise Time < 0.1 µs 60 µs Rise Time Of Output Current IOUT = 7 A; Resistive Load Input Rise Time < 0.1 µs 70 µs Turn-off Delay Time Of Output Current IOUT = 7 A; Resistive Load Input Rise Time < 0.1 µs 90 µs Fall Time Of Output Current IOUT = 7 A; Resistive Load Input Rise Time < 0.1 µs 25 µs (di/dt)on Turn-on Current Slope IOUT = 7 A IOUT = IOV 0.08 0.5 1 A/µs A/µs (di/dt)off Turn-off Current Slope IOUT = 7 A IOUT = IOV 0.2 3 3 A/µs A/µs Vdemag Inductive Load Clamp Voltage IOUT = 7 A; L = 1 mH –24 –18 –14 V Min. Typ. Max. Unit 0.8 V Note 5 V td(on) (4) tr(4) td(off)(4) tf(4) Note: 4. See Switching Time Waveforms. Table 7. Logic Input Symbol Parameter VIL Input Low Level Voltage VIH Input High Level Voltage VI(hyst) Input Hysteresis Voltage IIN VICL Input Current Input Clamp Voltage Test Conditions 2 0.5 VIN = 5 V VIN = 2 V VIN = 0.8 V IIN = 10 mA IIN = –10 mA 250 V 500 250 25 5.5 6 –0.7 –0.3 µA µA µA V V Note: 5. The VIH is internally clamped at 6V about. It is possible to connect this pin to an higher voltage via an external resistor calculated to not exceed 10 mA at the input pin. 4/13 VN21 ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS (cont’d) Table 8. Protections and Diagnostics Symbol Parameter Test Conditions VSTAT Status Voltage Output Low VUSD Under Voltage Shut Down VSCL Status Clamp Voltage ISTAT = 10 mA ISTAT = –10 mA IOV Over Current RLOAD < 10 mΩ; –40 ≤ Tc ≤ 125 °C IAV Average Current in Short Circuit RLOAD < 10 mΩ; Tc = 85 °C IOL Open Load Current Level TTSD TR Min. Typ. ISTAT = 1.6 mA Max. Unit 0.4 V 5 V 6 –0.7 V V 140 2.5 5 300 A A 700 mA Thermal Shut-down Temperature 140 °C Reset Temperature 125 °C VOL(6) Open Load Voltage Level t1(on)(7) Off-State 2.5 3.75 5 V Open Load Filtering Time 1 5 10 ms t1(off)(7) Open Load Filtering Time 1 5 10 ms t2(off)(7) Open Load Filtering Time 1 5 10 ms tpovl(7) Status Delay 5 10 µs tpol(7) Status Delay 50 700 µs Note: 6. IOL(off) = (VCC -VOL)/ROL (see figure 5). 7. t1(on): minimum open load duration which activates the status output; t1(off): minimum load recovery time which desactivates the status output; t2(off): minimum on time after thermal shut down which desactivates status output; tpovl tpol: ISO definition (see figure 6). Figure 5. Note 6 relevant figure Figure 6. Note 7 relevant figure 5/13 VN21 Figure 7. Switching Time Waveforms FUNCTIONAL DESCRIPTION The device has a diagnostic output which indicates open load conditions in off state as well as in on state, output shorted to VCC and overtemperature. The truth table shows input, diagnostic and output voltage level in normal operation and in fault conditions. The output signals are processed by internal logic. The open load diagnostic output has a 5 ms filtering. The filter gives a continuous signal for the fault condition after an initial delay of about 5 ms. This means that a disconnection during normal operation, with a duration of less than 5 ms does not affect the status output. Equally, any reconnection of less than 5 ms during a disconnection duration does not affect the status output. No delay occur for the status to go low in case of overtemperature conditions. From the falling edge of the input signal the status output initially low in fault condition (over temperature or open load) will go back with a delay (tpovl) in case of overtemperature condition and a delay (tpol) in case of open load. These feature fully comply with International Standard Office (I.S.O.) requirement for automotive High Side Driver. To protect the device against short circuit and over current conditions, the thermal protection turns the integrated Power MOS off at a minimum junction temperature of 140 °C. When the temperature returns to 125 °C the switch is automatically turned on again. In short circuit the protection reacts with virtually no delay, the sensor being located in the region of the die where the heat is generated. Driving inductive loads, an internal function of the 6/13 device ensures the fast demagnetization with a typical voltage (Vdemag) of -18V. This function allows to greatly reduce the power dissipation according to the formula: Pdem = 0.5 • Lload • (Iload)2 • [(VCC+Vdemag)/ Vdemag] • f where f = switching frequency and Vdemag = demagnetization voltage Based on this formula it is possible to know the value of inductance and/or current to avoid a thermal shut-down. The maximum inductance which causes the chip temperature to reach the shut down temperature in a specific thermal environment, is infact a function of the load current for a fixed VCC, Vdemag and f. PROTECTING THE DEVICE AGAIST LOAD DUMP - TEST PULSE 5 The device is able to withstand the test pulse No. 5 at level II (Vs = 46.5V) according to the ISO T/R 7637/1 without any external component. This means that all functions of the device are performed as designed after exposure to disturbance at level II. The VN21 is able to withstand the test pulse No.5 at level III adding an external resistor of 150 ohm between pin 1 and ground plus a filter capacitor of 1000 µF between pin 3 and ground (if RLOAD ≤ 20 Ω). PROTECTING THE DEVICE AGAINST REVERSE BATTERY The simplest way to protect the device against a continuous reverse battery voltage (-26V) is to insert a Schottky diode between pin 1(GND) and ground, as shown in the typical application circuit (Figure 10). The consequences of the voltage drop across this diode are as follows: – If the input is pulled to power GND, a negative voltage of -Vf is seen by the device. (VIL, VIH thresholds and VSTAT are increased by Vf with respect to power GND). – The undervoltage shutdown level is increased by Vf. If there is no need for the control unit to handle external analog signals referred to the power GND, the best approach is to connect the reference potential of the control unit to node [1] (see application circuit in Figure 11), which becomes the common signal GND for the whole control board avoiding shift of VIH, VIL and VSTAT. This solution allows the use of a standard diode. VN21 Table 9. Truth Table Input Output Diagnostic Normal Operation L H L H H H Open Circuit (No Load) H H L Over-temperature H L L Under-voltage X L H Short load to VCC L H L Figure 8. Waveforms Figure 9. Over Current Test Circuit 7/13 VN21 Figure 10. Typical Application Circuit With A Schottky Diode For Reverse Supply Protection Figure 11. Typical Application Circuit With Separate Signal Ground 8/13 VN21 PACKAGE MECHANICAL Table 10. PENTAWATT (vertical) Mechanical Data Symbol millimeters Min Typ A 4.8 C D Max 1.37 2.4 2.8 D1 1.2 1.35 E 0.35 0.55 F 0.8 1.05 F1 1 G 3.2 3.4 1.4 G1 6.6 6.8 H2 3.6 7 10.4 H3 10.05 L2 23.05 23.4 10.4 23.8 L3 25.3 25.65 26.1 L5 2.6 3 L6 15.1 15.8 L7 6 6.6 Dia. 3.65 3.85 Figure 12. PENTAWATT (vertical) Package Dimensions Note: Drawing is not to scale. 9/13 VN21 Table 11. PENTAWATT (horizontal) Mechanical Data Symbol millimeters Min Max A 4.8 C 1.37 D 2.4 2.8 D1 1.2 1.35 E 0.35 0.55 F 0.8 1.05 F1 1 1.4 G 3.2 3.4 3.6 G1 6.6 6.8 7 H2 10.4 H3 10.05 10.4 L 14.2 15 L1 5.7 6.2 L2 14.6 15.2 L3 3.5 4.1 L5 2.6 3 L6 15.1 15.8 L7 6 6.6 Dia. 3.65 3.85 Figure 13. PENTAWATT (horizontal) Package Dimensions Note: Drawing is not to scale. 10/13 Typ VN21 Table 12. PENTAWATT (in-line) Mechanical Data Symbol millimeters Min Typ Max A 4.8 C 1.37 D 2.4 2.8 D1 1.2 1.35 E 0.35 0.55 F 0.8 1.05 F1 1 1.4 G 3.2 3.4 3.6 G1 6.6 6.8 7 H2 10.4 H3 10.05 10.4 L2 23.05 23.4 23.8 L3 25.3 25.65 26.1 L5 2.6 3 L6 15.1 15.8 L7 6 6.6 Dia. 3.65 3.85 Figure 14. PENTAWATT (in-line) Package Dimensions Note: Drawing is not to scale. 11/13 VN21 REVISION HISTORY Table 13. Revision History Date Revision September-1994 1 First Issue 18-June-2004 2 Stylesheet update. No content change. 12/13 Description of Changes VN21 Information furnished is believed to be accurate and reliable. However, STMicroelectronics assumes no responsibility for the consequences of use of such information nor for any infringement of patents or other rights of third parties which may result from its use. No license is granted by implication or otherwise under any patent or patent rights of STMicroelectronics. Specifications mentioned in this publication are subject to change without notice. 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