VNQ5160K-E Quad channel high side driver for automotive applications Features Max transient supply voltage VCC 41V Operating voltage range VCC 4.5 to 36 V Max on-state resistance (per ch.) RON 160 mΩ PowerSSO-24 Current limitation (typ) ILIMH 5.4 A Off-state supply current IS 2 μA(1) – Electrostatic discharge protection Applications 1. Typical value with all loads connected ■ ■ ■ General features – Inrush current active management by power limitation – Very low standby current – 3.0 V CMOS compatible input – Optimized electromagnetic emission – Very low electromagnetic susceptibility – In compliance with the 2002/95/EC European directive ■ Description The VNQ5160K-E is a monolithic device made using STMicroelectronics VIPower™ M0-5 technology. It is intended for driving resistive or inductive loads with one side connected to ground. Active VCC pin voltage clamp protects the device against low energy spikes (see ISO7637 transient compatibility table). Diagnostic functions – Open drain status output – On-state open-load detection – Off-state open-load detection – Thermal shutdown indication The device detects open-load condition in both on and off states, when STAT_DIS is left open or driven low. Output shorted to VCC is detected in the off-state. When STAT_DIS is driven high, the STATUS pin is in a high impedance condition. Protection – Undervoltage shutdown – Overvoltage clamp – Output stuck to VCC detection – Load current limitation – Self limiting of fast thermal transients – Protection against loss of ground and loss of VCC – Thermal shut down – Reverse battery protection (see Application schematic on page 18 Table 1. All types of resistive, inductive and capacitive loads Output current limitation protects the device in overload condition. In the case of long duration overload, the device limits the dissipated power to a safe level up to thermal shutdown intervention. Thermal shutdown with automatic restart allows the device to recover normal operation as soon as a fault condition disappears. Device summary Order codes Package PowerSSO-24 July 2009 Tube Tape and reel VNQ5160K-E VNQ5160KTR-E Doc ID 13349 Rev 6 1/30 www.st.com 1 Contents VNQ5160K-E Contents 1 Block diagram and pin configuration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5 2 Electrical specifications . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7 3 2.1 Absolute maximum ratings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7 2.2 Thermal data . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8 2.3 Electrical characteristics . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8 2.4 Electrical characteristics curves . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14 Application information . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18 3.1 4 6 2/30 3.1.1 Solution 1: resistor in the ground line (RGND only). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18 3.1.2 Solution 2: a diode (DGND) in the ground line. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19 3.2 Load dump protection . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19 3.3 Microcontroller I/Os protection . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19 3.4 Open-load detection in off-state . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19 3.5 Maximum demagnetization energy (VCC = 13.5V) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 22 Package and PC board thermal data . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 23 4.1 5 GND protection network against reverse battery . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18 PowerSSO-24 thermal data . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 23 Package and packing information . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 26 5.1 ECOPACK® packages . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 26 5.2 PowerSSO-24™ mechanical data . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 26 5.3 Packing information . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 28 Revision history . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 29 Doc ID 13349 Rev 6 VNQ5160K-E List of tables List of tables Table 1. Table 2. Table 3. Table 4. Table 5. Table 6. Table 7. Table 8. Table 9. Table 10. Table 11. Table 12. Table 13. Table 14. Table 15. Table 16. Table 17. Table 20. Device summary . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1 Pin functions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5 Suggested connections for unused and not connected pins . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6 Absolute maximum ratings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7 Thermal data. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8 Power section . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8 Switching (VCC = 13V; Tj = 25°C) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9 Status pin (VSD=0) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9 Protection . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9 Open-load detection . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10 Logic input . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10 Truth table. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12 Electrical transient requirements (part 1/3) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13 Electrical transient requirements (part 2/3) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13 Electrical transient requirements (part 3/3) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13 Thermal parameters . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25 PowerSSO-24™ mechanical data . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 27 Document revision history . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 29 Doc ID 13349 Rev 6 3/30 List of figures VNQ5160K-E List of figures Figure 1. Figure 2. Figure 3. Figure 4. Figure 5. Figure 6. Figure 7. Figure 8. Figure 9. Figure 10. Figure 11. Figure 12. Figure 13. Figure 14. Figure 15. Figure 16. Figure 17. Figure 18. Figure 19. Figure 20. Figure 21. Figure 22. Figure 23. Figure 24. Figure 25. Figure 26. Figure 27. Figure 28. Figure 29. Figure 30. Figure 31. Figure 32. Figure 33. Figure 34. Figure 35. Figure 36. Figure 37. 4/30 Block diagram . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5 Configuration diagram (top view) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6 Current and voltage conventions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7 Status timings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11 Output voltage drop limitation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11 Switching characteristics . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12 Off-state output current . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14 High level input current . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14 Input clamp voltage. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14 Input low level voltage . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14 Input high level voltage . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14 Input hysteresis voltage . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14 Status low output voltage . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15 Status leakage current . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15 On-state resistance vs Tcase . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15 On-state resistance vs VCC. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15 Status clamp voltage . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15 Open-load on-state detection threshold . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15 Open-load off-state voltage detection threshold . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16 Undervoltage shutdown . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16 Turn-on voltage slope . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16 ILIMH vs Tcase . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16 Turn-off voltage slope . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16 High-level STAT_DIS voltage . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16 STAT_DIS clamp voltage . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17 Low level STAT_DIS voltage . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17 Application schematic . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18 Open-load detection in off-state . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20 Waveforms . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21 Maximum turn-off current versus inductance (for each channel) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 22 PowerSSO-24 PC board. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 23 Rthj-amb vs PCB copper area in open box free air condition (one channel ON) . . . . . . . . 23 PowerSSO-24 thermal impedance junction ambient single pulse (one channel on) . . . . . 24 Thermal fitting model of a double channel HSD in PowerSSO-24(1) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 24 PowerSSO-24™ package dimensions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 26 PowerSSO-24 tube shipment (no suffix) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 28 Tape and reel shipment (suffix “TR”) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 28 Doc ID 13349 Rev 6 VNQ5160K-E 1 Block diagram and pin configuration Block diagram and pin configuration Figure 1. Block diagram VCC OUTPUT1 VCC clamp GND Undervoltage INPUT1 VCC Clamp 1 STATUS1 Control & protection Identical to channel 1 Driver 1 STAT_DIS Overtemp 1 INPUT2 OUTPUT2 VDS,LIM Logic VCC Current limiter 1 Control & protection Identical to channel 1 STATUS2 Openload on 1 OUTPUT3 INPUT3 STATUS3 Openload off 1 INPUT4 VCC Control & protection Identical to channel 1 PWRLIM 1 OUTPUT4 STATUS4 Table 2. Pin functions Name VCC OUTPUTn GND INPUTn Function Battery connection Power output Ground connection. Must be reverse battery protected by an external diode/resistor network Voltage controlled input pin with hysteresis, CMOS compatible. Controls output switch state STATUSn Open drain digital diagnostic pin STAT_DIS Active high CMOS compatible pin, to disable the STATUS pin Doc ID 13349 Rev 6 5/30 Block diagram and pin configuration Figure 2. VNQ5160K-E Configuration diagram (top view) VCC GND INPUT1 STATUS1 INPUT2 STATUS2 INPUT3 STATUS3 INPUT4 STATUS4 STAT_DIS VCC 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 24 23 22 21 20 19 18 17 16 15 14 13 OUTPUT1 OUTPUT1 OUTPUT1 OUTPUT2 OUTPUT2 OUTPUT2 OUTPUT3 OUTPUT3 OUTPUT3 OUTPUT4 OUTPUT4 OUTPUT4 TAB = VCC Table 3. Suggested connections for unused and not connected pins Connection / Pin Status N.C. Output Input STAT_DIS Floating X X X X X To ground N.R.(1) X N.R. Through 10 kΩ resistor Through 10 kΩ resistor 1. Not recommended 6/30 Doc ID 13349 Rev 6 VNQ5160K-E 2 Electrical specifications Electrical specifications Figure 3. Current and voltage conventions IS VCC VCC VFn ISD IOUTn STAT_DIS OUTPUTn VSD VOUTn IINn ISTATn INPUTn STATUSn VINn VSTATn GND IGND Note: VFn = VOUTn - VCCn during reverse battery condition 2.1 Absolute maximum ratings Table 4. Absolute maximum ratings Symbol Value Unit DC supply voltage 41 V - VCC Reverse DC supply voltage 0.3 V - IGND DC reverse ground pin current 200 mA Internally limited A 6 A VCC Parameter IOUT DC output current - IOUT Reverse DC output current IIN DC input current +10 / -1 mA ISTAT DC status current +10 / -1 mA +10 / -1 mA 33 mJ 4000 4000 4000 5000 5000 V V V V V 750 V ISTAT_DIS DC status disable current EMAX Maximum switching energy (single pulse) (L=12mH; RL=0Ω; Vbat=13.5V; Tjstart=150ºC; IOUT = IlimL(Typ.) ) VESD Electrostatic discharge (Human Body Model: R=1.5KΩ; C=100pF) – Input – Status – STAT_DIS – Output – VCC VESD Charge device model (CDM-AEC-Q100-011) Doc ID 13349 Rev 6 7/30 Electrical specifications Table 4. VNQ5160K-E Absolute maximum ratings (continued) Symbol Tj Tstg 2.2 Parameter Value Unit Junction operating temperature -40 to 150 °C Storage temperature - 55 to 150 °C Thermal data Table 5. Thermal data Symbol 2.3 Parameter Rthj-case Thermal resistance junction-case (with one channel on) Rthj-amb Thermal resistance junction-ambient Max. value Unit 8 °C/W See Figure 32. °C/W Electrical characteristics 8V<VCC<36V; -40°C< Tj <150°C, unless otherwise specified Table 6. Power section Symbol Parameter VCC Operating supply voltage VUSD VUSDhyst RON Vclamp IS Test conditions 4.5 13 36 V Undervoltage shutdown 3.5 4.5 V Undervoltage shutdown hysteresis 0.5 On-state resistance(1) IOUT=1A; Tj=25°C IOUT=1A; Tj=150°C IOUT=1A; VCC=5V; Tj=25°C Clamp voltage IS=20 mA Supply current Off-state; VCC=13V; VIN=VOUT=0V; Tj=25°C On-state; VIN=5V; VCC=13V; IOUT=0A VIN=VOUT=0V; VCC=13V; Tj=25°C VIN=VOUT=0V; VCC=13V; Tj=125°C IL(off1) Off-state output current(1) IL(off2) Off-state output current(1) VIN=0V; VOUT=4V VF Output - VCC diode voltage(1) -IOUT=0.6A; Tj=150°C 1. For each channel. 2. PowerMOS leakage included. 8/30 Min. Typ. Max. Unit Doc ID 13349 Rev 6 41 0 0 -75 V 160 320 210 mΩ mΩ mΩ 46 52 V 2(2) 5(2) μA 8 14 mA 0.01 3 5 μA μA 0 μA 0.7 V VNQ5160K-E Electrical specifications Table 7. Switching (VCC = 13V; Tj = 25°C) Symbol Parameter td(on) Turn-on delay time RL=13Ω (see Figure 6.) 15 μs td(off) Turn-off delay time RL=13Ω (see Figure 6.) 15 μs dVOUT/dt(on) Turn-on voltage slope RL=13Ω See Figure 6. V/μs dVOUT/dt(off) Turn-off voltage slope RL=13Ω See Figure 6. V/μs WON Switching energy losses during twon RL=13Ω (see Figure 6.) 0.05 mJ WOFF Switching energy losses during twoff RL=13Ω (see Figure 6.) 0.03 mJ Table 8. Symbol Test conditions Min. Typ. Max. Unit Status pin (VSD=0) Parameter Test conditions Min Typ Max Unit VSTAT Status low output voltage ISTAT= 1.6 mA, VSD=0V 0.5 V ILSTAT Status leakage current Normal operation or VSD=5V, VSTAT= 5V 10 μA CSTAT Status pin input capacitance Normal operation or VSD=5V, VSTAT= 5V 100 pF VSCL Status clamp voltage ISTAT= 1mA ISTAT= -1mA 7 V V Table 9. Protection(1) Symbol Parameter Test conditions VCC=13V 5V<VCC<36V IlimH DC Short circuit current IlimL VCC=13V Short circuit current during thermal cycling TR<Tj<TTSD TTSD Shutdown temperature TR Reset temperature TRS Thermal reset of STATUS THYST Thermal hysteresis (TTSD-TR) tSDL Status delay in overload conditions 5.5 -0.7 Min. Typ. Max. Unit 3.8 5.4 7.5 7.5 A A 2 150 175 TRS + 1 TRS + 5 A 200 °C 135 °C 7 Tj>TTSD (See Figure 4.) Doc ID 13349 Rev 6 °C °C 20 μs 9/30 Electrical specifications Table 9. Symbol VDEMAG VON VNQ5160K-E Protection(1) (continued) Parameter Test conditions Turn-off output voltage IOUT=1A; VIN=0; L=20mH clamp Output voltage drop limitation Min. Typ. Max. Unit VCC-41 VCC-46 VCC-52 V IOUT=0.03A (see Figure 5.) Tj= -40°C...+150°C 25 mV 1. To ensure long term reliability under heavy overload or short circuit conditions, protection and related diagnostic signals must be used together with a proper software strategy. If the device is subjected to abnormal conditions, this software must limit the duration and number of activation cycles Table 10. Symbol Open-load detection Parameter Test conditions IOL Open-load on-state detection threshold VIN = 5V ,8V<VCC<18V tDOL(on) Open-load on-state detection delay IOUT = 0A, VCC=13V (See Figure 4.) tPOL Delay between INPUT falling edge and = 0A (See Figure 4.) I STATUS rising edge in OUT Open-load condition VOL Open-load OFF-state voltage detection threshold VIN = 0V, 8V<VCC<16V Output short circuit to tDSTKON Vcc detection delay at turn-off Table 11. Symbol 10/30 (See Figure 4.) Min Typ Max Unit 10 See Figure 18. 40 mA 200 μs 200 500 1000 μs 2 See Figure 19. 4 V tPOL μs Max. Unit 0.9 V 180 Logic input Parameter Test conditions VIL Input low level IIL Low level input current VIH Input high level IIH High level input current VI(hyst) Input hysteresis voltage VICL Input clamp voltage VSDL STAT_DIS low level voltage ISDL Low level STAT_DIS current VSDH STAT_DIS high level voltage VIN = 0.9V Min. Typ. 1 μA 2.1 V VIN = 2.1V 10 0.25 IIN = 1mA IIN = -1mA VSD=0.9V Doc ID 13349 Rev 6 5.5 μA V 7 V V 0.9 V -0.7 1 μA 2.1 V VNQ5160K-E Electrical specifications Table 11. Logic input (continued) Symbol Parameter Test conditions ISDH High level STAT_DIS current VSD(hyst) STAT_DIS hysteresis voltage VSDCL Figure 4. Min. Typ. Max. Unit 10 μA VSD=2.1V 0.25 STAT_DIS clamp voltage V 5.5 ISD=1mA ISD=-1mA 7 V V -0.7 Status timings OPEN LOAD STATUS TIMING (with external pull-up) OPEN LOAD STATUS TIMING (without external pull-up) IOUT < IOL VIN IOUT < IOL VIN VOUT > VOL VOUT < VOL VSTAT VSTAT tDOL(on) tDOL(on) tPOL OVER TEMP STATUS TIMING OUTPUT STUCK TO Vcc Tj > TTSD IOUT > IOL VIN VIN VOUT > VOL VSTAT VSTAT tDOL(on) Figure 5. tSDL tDSTKON tSDL Output voltage drop limitation Vcc-Vout Tj=150oC Tj=25oC Tj=-40oC Von Iout Von/Ron(T) Doc ID 13349 Rev 6 11/30 Electrical specifications Table 12. VNQ5160K-E Truth table Conditions INPUTn OUTPUTn STATUSn (VSD=0V)(1) Normal operation L H L H H H Current limitation L H L X H H Overtemperature L H L L H L Undervoltage L H L L X X Output voltage > VOL L H H H L(2) H Output current < IOL L H L H H(3) L 1. If the VSD is high, the STATUS pin is in a high impedance. 2. The STATUS pin is low with a delay equal to tDSTKON after INPUT falling edge. 3. The STATUS pin becomes high with a delay equal to tPOL after INPUT falling edge. Figure 6. Switching characteristics VOUT tWon tWoff 90% 80% dVOUT/dt(off) dVOUT/dt(on) tr 10% tf t INPUT td(on) td(off) t 12/30 Doc ID 13349 Rev 6 VNQ5160K-E Electrical specifications Table 13. ISO 7637-2: 2004(E) Electrical transient requirements (part 1/3) Test levels(1) Number of pulses or test times Burst cycle/pulse repetition time Delays and Impedance Test pulse III IV 1 -75 V -100 V 5000 pulses 0.5 s 5s 2 ms, 10 Ω 2a +37 V +50 V 5000 pulses 0.2 s 5s 50 μs, 2 Ω 3a -100 V -150 V 1h 90 ms 100 ms 0.1 μs, 50 Ω 3b +75 V +100 V 1h 90 ms 100 ms 0.1 μs, 50 Ω 4 -6 V -7 V 1 pulse 100 ms, 0.01 Ω 5b(1) +65 V +87 V 1 pulse 400 ms, 2 Ω 1. Valid in case of external load dump clamp: 40V maximum referred to ground. Table 14. Electrical transient requirements (part 2/3) Test level results(1) ISO 7637-2: 2004(E) Test pulse III IV 1 C C 2a C C 3a C C 3b C C 4 C C 5b(2) C C 1. The above test levels must be considered referred to VCC = 13.5V except for pulse 5b 2. Valid in case of external load dump clamp: 40V maximum referred to ground. Table 15. Electrical transient requirements (part 3/3) Class Contents C All functions of the device are performed as designed after exposure to disturbance. E One or more functions of the device are not performed as designed after exposure to disturbance and cannot be returned to proper operation without replacing the device. Doc ID 13349 Rev 6 13/30 Electrical specifications 2.4 VNQ5160K-E Electrical characteristics curves Figure 7. Off-state output current Figure 8. Iloff1 (uA) High level input current Iih (uA) 5 0.1 0.09 4.5 Off state Vcc=13V Vin=Vout=0V 0.08 0.07 Vin=2.1V 4 3.5 0.06 3 0.05 2.5 0.04 2 0.03 1.5 0.02 1 0.01 0.5 0 0 -50 -25 0 25 50 75 100 125 150 175 -50 -25 0 25 Tc (°C) Figure 9. 50 75 100 125 150 175 Tc (°C) Input clamp voltage Figure 10. Input low level voltage Vicl (V) Vil (V) 8 4 7.75 3.5 Iin=1mA 7.5 3 7.25 2.5 7 2 6.75 1.5 6.5 1 6.25 0.5 6 0 -50 -25 0 25 50 75 100 125 150 175 -50 -25 0 25 Tc (°C) 75 100 125 150 175 Tc (°C) Figure 11. Input high level voltage Figure 12. Input hysteresis voltage Vih (V) Vihyst (V) 4 2 3.5 1.75 3 1.5 2.5 1.25 2 1 1.5 0.75 1 0.5 0.5 0.25 0 0 -50 -25 0 25 50 75 100 125 150 175 Tc (°C) 14/30 50 -50 -25 0 25 50 75 Tc (°C) Doc ID 13349 Rev 6 100 125 150 175 VNQ5160K-E Electrical specifications Figure 13. Status low output voltage Figure 14. Status leakage current Vstat (V) Ilstat (uA) 0.9 0.06 0.8 0.055 Istat=1.6mA Vstat=5V 0.7 0.05 0.6 0.5 0.045 0.4 0.04 0.3 0.035 0.2 0.03 0.1 0 0.025 -50 -25 0 25 50 75 100 125 150 175 -50 -25 0 25 Tc (°C) 75 100 125 150 175 Tc (°C) Figure 15. On-state resistance vs Tcase Figure 16. On-state resistance vs VCC Ron (mOhm) Ron (mOhm) 250 250 225 225 Iout=1A Vcc=13V 200 50 Tc=150°C Tc=125°C 200 175 175 150 150 125 125 100 100 75 75 50 50 25 25 Tc=25°C Tc=-40°C 0 0 -50 -25 0 25 50 75 100 125 150 175 0 5 10 15 Tc (°C) 20 25 30 35 40 Vcc (V) Figure 17. Status clamp voltage Figure 18. Open-load on-state detection threshold Vscl (V) Iol (mA) 9 100 8.5 90 Istat=1mA 8 Vin=5V 80 7.5 70 7 60 6.5 50 6 40 5.5 30 5 20 4.5 10 4 0 -50 -25 0 25 50 75 100 125 150 175 Tc (°C) -50 -25 0 25 50 75 100 125 150 175 Tc (°C) Doc ID 13349 Rev 6 15/30 Electrical specifications VNQ5160K-E Figure 19. Open-load off-state voltage detection threshold Figure 20. Undervoltage shutdown Vol (V) Vusd (V) 14 5 4.5 12 Vin=0V 4 10 3.5 8 3 6 2.5 4 2 2 1.5 1 0 -50 -25 0 25 50 75 100 125 150 175 -50 -25 0 25 Tc (°C) 50 75 100 125 150 175 100 125 150 175 Tc (°C) Figure 22. ILIMH vs Tcase Figure 21. Turn-on voltage slope dVout/dt(on) (V/ms) Ilimh (A) 1000 10 9 900 Vcc=13V Ri=6.5Ohm 800 8 Vcc=13V 700 7 600 6 500 5 400 4 300 3 200 2 100 1 0 0 -50 -25 0 25 50 75 100 125 150 -50 175 -25 0 25 50 75 Tc (°C) Tc (°C) Figure 23. Turn-off voltage slope Figure 24. High-level STAT_DIS voltage dVout/dt(off) (V/ms) Vsdh (V) 1500 8 1400 7 Vcc=13V Ri=13Ohm 1300 1200 6 1100 5 1000 900 4 800 700 3 600 2 500 400 1 300 200 0 -50 -25 0 25 50 75 100 125 150 175 Tc (°C) 16/30 -50 -25 0 25 50 75 Tc (°C) Doc ID 13349 Rev 6 100 125 150 175 VNQ5160K-E Electrical specifications Figure 25. STAT_DIS clamp voltage Figure 26. Low level STAT_DIS voltage Vsdcl (V) Vsdl (V) 14 8 7 12 Isd=1mA 6 10 5 8 4 6 3 4 2 2 1 0 0 -50 -25 0 25 50 75 100 125 150 175 Tc (°C) -50 -25 0 25 50 75 100 125 150 175 Tc (°C) Doc ID 13349 Rev 6 17/30 Application information 3 VNQ5160K-E Application information Figure 27. Application schematic +5V +5V VCC Rprot STAT_DIS Dld μC Rprot INPUT OUTPUT Rprot STATUS GND VGND RGND DGND Note: Channels 2, 3 and 4 have the same internal circuit as channel 1. 3.1 GND protection network against reverse battery 3.1.1 Solution 1: resistor in the ground line (RGND only). This solution can be used with any type of load. The following is an indication on how to dimension the RGND resistor. 1. RGND ≤ 600mV / (IS(on)max). 2. RGND ≥ (−VCC) / (-IGND) where -IGND is the DC reverse ground pin current and can be found in the absolute maximum rating section of the device datasheet. Power dissipation in RGND (when VCC<0: during reverse battery situations) is: PD= (-VCC)2/RGND This resistor can be shared amongst several different HSDs. Please note that the value of this resistor should be calculated with formula (1) where IS(on)max becomes the sum of the maximum on-state currents of the different devices. Please note that if the microprocessor ground is not shared by the device ground then the RGND will produce a shift (IS(on)max * RGND) in the input thresholds and the status output values. This shift will vary depending on how many devices are ON in the case of several high side drivers sharing the same RGND. 18/30 Doc ID 13349 Rev 6 VNQ5160K-E Application information If the calculated power dissipation leads to a large resistor or several devices have to share the same resistor then ST suggests that Solution 2 is used(see below). 3.1.2 Solution 2: a diode (DGND) in the ground line. A resistor (RGND=1kΩ) should be inserted in parallel with DGND if the device drives an inductive load. This small signal diode can be safely shared amongst several different HSDs. Also in this case, the presence of the ground network will produce a shift (~600mV) in the input threshold and in the status output values if the microprocessor ground is not common with the device ground. This shift will not vary if more than one HSD shares the same diode/resistor network. 3.2 Load dump protection Dld is necessary (Voltage Transient Suppressor) if the load dump peak voltage exceeds to VCC max DC rating. The same applies if the device is subject to transients on the VCC line that are greater than the ones shown in the ISO T/R 7637/1 table. 3.3 Microcontroller I/Os protection If a ground protection network is used and negative transients are present on the VCC line, the control pins will be pulled negative. ST suggests the insertion of resistors (Rprot) in the lines to prevent the μC I/Os pins from latching up. The values of these resistors are a compromise between the leakage current of μC and the current required by the HSD I/Os (input levels compatibility) with the latch-up limit of the μC I/Os. -VCCpeak/Ilatchup ≤ Rprot ≤ (VOHμC-VIH-VGND) / IIHmax Calculation example: For VCCpeak= - 100V and Ilatchup ≥ 20mA; VOHμC ≥ 4.5V 5kΩ ≤ Rprot ≤ 65kΩ. Recommended Rprot value is 10kΩ. 3.4 Open-load detection in off-state Off-state open-load detection requires an external pull-up resistor (RPU) connected between the OUTPUT pin and a positive supply voltage (VPU) like the +5V line used to supply the microprocessor. The external resistor has to be selected according to the following requirements: Doc ID 13349 Rev 6 19/30 Application information 1. VNQ5160K-E No false open-load indication when load is connected: in this case we have to avoid VOUT to be higher than VOlmin; this results in the following condition: VOUT=(VPU/(RL+RPU))RL<VOlmin. 2. No misdetection when the load is disconnected: in this case the VOUT has to be higher than VOLmax; this results in the following condition: RPU<(VPU–VOLmax)/IL(off2). Because Is(OFF) may significantly increase if Vout is pulled high (up to several mA), the pullup resistor RPU should be connected to a supply that is switched OFF when the module is in standby. The values of VOLmin, VOLmax and IL(off2) are available in the Electrical characteristics section. Figure 28. Open-load detection in off-state V batt. VPU VCC RPU INPUT DRIVER + LOGIC IL(off2) OUT + STATUS R VOL GROUND 20/30 Doc ID 13349 Rev 6 RL VNQ5160K-E Application information Figure 29. Waveforms NORMAL OPERATION INPUT STAT_DIS LOAD CURRENT STATUS UNDERVOLTAGE VUSDhyst VCC VUSD INPUT STAT_DIS LOAD CURRENT undefined STATUS OPEN LOAD with external pull-up INPUT STAT_DIS LOAD VOLTAGE VOUT>VOL VOL STATUS OPEN LOAD without external pull-up INPUT STAT_DIS LOAD VOLTAGE IOUT<IOL tPOL LOAD CURRENT STATUS RESISTIVE SHORT TO Vcc, NORMAL LOAD INPUT STAT_DIS LOAD VOLTAGE IOUT>IOL VOUT>VOL VOL STATUS tDSTKON OVERLOAD OPERATION Tj TR TTSD TRS INPUT STAT_DIS ILIMH ILIML LOAD CURRENT STATUS current limitation thermal cycling power limitation SHORTED LOAD Doc ID 13349 Rev 6 NORMAL LOAD 21/30 Application information 3.5 VNQ5160K-E Maximum demagnetization energy (VCC = 13.5V) Figure 30. Maximum turn-off current versus inductance (for each channel) 10 A C B I (A) 1 0,1 0,1 1 L (mH) 10 100 A: Tjstart = 150°C single pulse B: Tjstart = 100°C repetitive pulse C: Tjstart = 125°C repetitive pulse VIN, IL Demagnetization Demagnetization Demagnetization t Note: Values are generated with RL = 0Ω In case of repetitive pulses, Tjstart (at beginning of each demagnetization) of every pulse must not exceed the temperature specified above for curves A and B. 22/30 Doc ID 13349 Rev 6 VNQ5160K-E Package and PC board thermal data 4 Package and PC board thermal data 4.1 PowerSSO-24 thermal data Figure 31. PowerSSO-24 PC board Note: Layout condition of Rth and Zth measurements (PCB: double layer, thermal vias, FR4 area= 77mm x 86mm, PCB thickness=1.6mm, Cu thickness=70mm (front and back side), copper areas: from minimum pad lay-out to 8cm2). Figure 32. Rthj-amb vs PCB copper area in open box free air condition (one channel ON) RTHj_amb(°C/W) 60 55 50 45 40 35 30 0 2 4 6 8 10 PCB Cu heatsink area (cm^2) Doc ID 13349 Rev 6 23/30 Package and PC board thermal data VNQ5160K-E Figure 33. PowerSSO-24 thermal impedance junction ambient single pulse (one channel on) ZTH (°C/W) 1000 100 Footprint 2 cm2 8 cm2 10 1 0.1 0.0001 0.001 0.01 0.1 1 Time (s) 10 100 1000 Figure 34. Thermal fitting model of a double channel HSD in PowerSSO-24(1) 1. The fitting model is a semplified thermal tool and is valid for transient evolutions where the embedded protections (power limitation or thermal cycling during thermal shutdown) are not triggered 24/30 Doc ID 13349 Rev 6 VNQ5160K-E Package and PC board thermal data Equation 1: pulse calculation formula: Z THδ = R TH ⋅δ+Z THtp (1 – δ) where δ = tP/T Table 16. Thermal parameters Area/island (cm2) Footprint R1 = R7 = R9 = R11 (°C/W) 1.2 R2 = R8 = R10 = R12 (°C/W) 6 R3 (°C/W) 6 R4 (°C/W) 7.7 R5 (°C/W) 2 8 9 9 8 R6 (°C/W) 28 17 10 C1 = C7 = C9 = C11 (W.s/°C) 0.0008 C2 = C8 = C10 = C12 (W.s/°C) 0.0016 C3 (W.s/°C) 0.025 C4 (W.s/°C) 0.75 C5 (W.s/°C) 1 4 9 C6 (W.s/°C) 2.2 5 17 Doc ID 13349 Rev 6 25/30 Package and packing information VNQ5160K-E 5 Package and packing information 5.1 ECOPACK® packages In order to meet environmental requirements, ST offers these devices in different grades of ECOPACK® packages, depending on their level of environmental compliance. ECOPACK® specifications, grade definitions and product status are available at: www.st.com. ECOPACK® is an ST trademark. 5.2 PowerSSO-24™ mechanical data Figure 35. PowerSSO-24™ package dimensions 26/30 Doc ID 13349 Rev 6 VNQ5160K-E Package and packing information Table 17. PowerSSO-24™ mechanical data Millimeters Symbol Min Typ A Max 2.45 A2 2.15 2.35 a1 0 0.1 b 0.33 0.51 c 0.23 0.32 D 10.10 10.50 E 7.4 7.6 e 0.8 e3 8.8 F 2.3 G H 0.1 10.1 10.5 h 0.4 k 0° 8° L 0.55 0.85 O 1.2 Q 0.8 S 2.9 T 3.65 U 1.0 N 10° X 4.1 4.7 Y 6.5 7.1 Doc ID 13349 Rev 6 27/30 Package and packing information 5.3 VNQ5160K-E Packing information Figure 36. PowerSSO-24 tube shipment (no suffix) Table 18: C B A Base Q.ty 49 Bulk Q.ty 1225 Tube length (± 0.5) 532 A 3.5 B 13.8 C (± 0.1) 0.6 Figure 37. Tape and reel shipment (suffix “TR”) Reel dimensions Table 19: Base Q.ty Bulk Q.ty A (max) B (min) C (± 0.2) F G (+ 2 / -0) N (min) T (max) 1000 1000 330 1.5 13 20.2 24.4 100 30.4 TAPE DIMENSIONS According to Electronic Industries Association (EIA) Standard 481 rev. A, Feb 1986 Tape width Tape Hole Spacing Component Spacing Hole Diameter Hole Diameter Hole Position Compartment Depth Hole Spacing W P0 (± 0.1) P D (± 0.05) D1 (min) F (± 0.1) K (max) P1 (± 0.1) 24 4 12 1.55 1.5 11.5 2.85 2 End All dimensions are in mm. Start Top cover tape No components Components 500mm min 500mm min Empty components pockets sealed with cover tape. User direction of feed 28/30 Doc ID 13349 Rev 6 No components VNQ5160K-E 6 Revision history Revision history Table 20. Document revision history Date Revision 8-Jan-2004 1 Initial release. 20-Jan-2006 2 Major general update 3 Reformatted and restructured. Contents, List of tables and List of figures added. Section 3.5: Maximum demagnetization energy (VCC = 13.5V) added. Section 5.1: ECOPACK® packages information added. New disclaimer added. 4 Table 4: Absolute maximum ratings: EMAX entries updated. Table 13: Electrical transient requirements (part 1/3) :Test level values III and IV for test pulse 5b and notes updated Figure 34: Thermal fitting model of a double channel HSD in PowerSSO-24(1) note added 5 Table 17: PowerSSO-24™ mechanical data: – Deleted A (min) value – Changed A (max) value from 2.47 to 2.45 – Changed A2 (max) value from 2.40 to 2.35 – Changed a1 (max) value from 0.075 to 0.1 Added F and k rows 6 Updated Figure 35: PowerSSO-24™ package dimensions. Updated Table 17: PowerSSO-24™ mechanical data: – Deleted G1 row – Added O, Q, S, T and U rows 15-Mar-2007 01-Jun-2007 22-Jun-2009 23-Jul-2009 Changes Doc ID 13349 Rev 6 29/30 VNQ5160K-E Please Read Carefully: Information in this document is provided solely in connection with ST products. STMicroelectronics NV and its subsidiaries (“ST”) reserve the right to make changes, corrections, modifications or improvements, to this document, and the products and services described herein at any time, without notice. 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