xr PRELIMINARY XRK4991A 3.3V HIGH-SPEED (85 MHZ) PROGRAMMABLE SKEW CLOCK BUFFER FEBRUARY 2005 REV. P1.0.2 FUNCTIONAL DESCRIPTION The XRK4991A 3.3V High-Speed Low-Voltage Programmable Skew Clock Buffer offers user selectable control over system clock functions to optimize the timing of high-performance computer systems. Eight individual drivers, arranged as four pairs of user-controllable outputs, can each drive terminated transmission lines with impedances as low as 50Ω while delivering minimal and specified output skews and full-swing logic levels (LVTTL). Each output can be hardwired to one of nine delay or function configurations. Delay increments of 0.7 to 1.5 ns are determined by the operating frequency with outputs able to skew up to ±6 time units from their nominal “zero” skew position. The completely integrated PLL allows external load and transmission line delay effects to be canceled. When this “zero delay” capability is combined with the selectable output skew functions, the user can create output-tooutput delays of up to ±12 time units. Divide-by-two and divide-by-four output functions are provided for additional flexibility in designing complex clock systems. When combined with the internal PLL, these divide functions allow distribution of a lowfrequency clock that can be multiplied by two or four at the clock destination. This feature minimizes clock distribution difficulty while allowing maximum system clock speed and flexibility. FEATURES • Ref input is 5V tolerant • 3 pairs of programmable skew outputs • Low skew: 200ps same pair, 250ps all outputs • Selectable positive or negative edge synchronization: Excellent for DSP applications • Synchronous output enable • Output frequency: 3.75MHz to 85MHz • 2x, 4x, 1/2, and 1/4 outputs • 2 skew grades • 3-level inputs for skew and PLL range control • PLL bypass for DC testing • External feedback, internal loop filter • 12mA balanced drive outputs • 32-pin PLCC package • Jitter < 200 ps peak-to-peak (< 25 ps RMS) • Green packaging FIGURE 1. BLOCK DIAGRAM OF THE XRK4991A TEST PE FB_IN PHASE CLKIN FREQ DET FILTER VCO AND TIME UNIT GENERATOR 0E FSEL QD0 SELD0 SELD1 QD1 Select Inputs SELC0 SKEW QC0 SELC1 SELECT QC1 SELB0 SELB1 QB0 MATRIX QB1 SELA0 QA0 SELA1 QA1 Exar Corporation 48720 Kato Road, Fremont CA, 94538 • (510) 668-7000 • FAX (510) 668-7017 • www.exar.com xr XRK4991A PRELIMINARY 3.3V HIGH-SPEED (85 MHZ) PROGRAMMABLE SKEW CLOCK BUFFER REV. P1.0.2 PRODUCT ORDERING INFORMATION PRODUCT NUMBER ACCURACY OPERATING TEMPERATURE RANGE XRK4991AIJ-5 500 ps -40°C to +85°C XRK4991ACJ-5 500 ps 0°C to +70°C XRK4991ACJ-7 750 ps 0°C to +70°C XRK4991AIJ-7 750 ps -40°C to +85°C SELC0 FSEL VCCQ CLKIN GND TEST SELB1 FIGURE 2. PIN OUT OF THE XRK4991 4 3 2 1 32 31 30 SELC1 5 29 SELB0 SELD0 6 28 OE SELD1 7 27 SELA1 PE 8 26 1F0 VCCN 9 25 VCCN QD1 10 24 QA0 QDO 11 23 QA1 GND 12 22 GND GND 13 21 GND 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 QD1 QC0 VCCN FB_IN VCCN QB1 QB0 XRK4991A 2 xr PRELIMINARY XRK4991A 3.3V HIGH-SPEED (85 MHZ) PROGRAMMABLE SKEW CLOCK BUFFER REV. P1.0.2 PIN DESCRIPTIONS PIN NAME PIN # TYPE DESCRIPTION CLKIN 1 I Reference frequency input. This input supplies the frequency and timing against which all functional variation is measured. FB_IN 17 I PLL feedback input (typically connected to one of the eight outputs). FSEL 3 I Three-level frequency range select. Set Table 2. SELA0 SELA1 26 27 I Three-level function selects inputs for output pair 1 (QA0, QA0]). Table 3. SELB0 SELB1 29 30 I Three-level function selects inputs for output pair 2 (QB0, QB1). Table 3. SELC0 SELC1 4 5 I Three-level function selects inputs for output pair 3 (QC0, QC1). See Table 3. SELD0 SELD1 7 1 I Three-level function selects inputs for output pair 4 (QD0, QD1). See Table 3. TEST 31 I Three-level select. See test mode section under the block diagram descriptions. OE 28 I Synchronous Output Enable. When HIGH, it stops clock outputs (except QC[1:0]) in a "Low" state - QC[1:0] may be used as the feedback signal to maintain phase lock. When TEST is held at MID level and OE is "High", the nF[1:0] pins act as output disable controls for individual banks when nF[1:0] = LL. Set OE "Low" for normal operation. PE 8 I Selectable positive or negative edge control. When "Low"/"High" the outputs are synchronized with the negative/positive edge of the reference clock. QA0 QA1 24 23 O Output pair 1. See Table 2. QB0 QB1 20 19 O Output pair 2. See Table 2. QC0 QC1 15 14 O Output pair 3. See Table 2. QD0 QD1 11 10 O Output pair 4. See Table 2. VCCN 9 16 18 25 PWR Power supply for output drivers. VCCQ 2 PWR Power supply for internal circuitry. GND 12 13 21 22 32 PWR Ground. 3 xr XRK4991A PRELIMINARY 3.3V HIGH-SPEED (85 MHZ) PROGRAMMABLE SKEW CLOCK BUFFER REV. P1.0.2 EXTERNAL FEEDBACK By providing external feedback, the XRK4991A gives users flexibility with regard to skew adjustment. The FB_IN signal is compared with the input CLKIN signal at the phase detector in order to drive the VCO. Phase differences cause the VCO to adjust upwards or downwards accordingly. An internal loop filter moderates the response of the VCO to the phase detector. The loop filter transfer function has been chosen to provide minimal jitter (or frequency variation) while still providing accurate responses to input frequency changes. TABLE 1: PLL PROGRAMMABLE SKEW RANGE AND RESOLUTION TABLE FSEL = LOW FSEL = MID FSEL = HIGH Timing Unit Calculation (tU) 1/(44 x FNOM) 1/(26 x FNOM) 1/(16 x FNOM) VCO Frequency Range (FNOM) (1,2) 15 to 35MHz 25 to 60MHz 40 to 100MHz +9.09ns +9.23ns +9.38ns ns +49° +83° +135° Phase Degrees +14% +23% +37% % of Cycle Time Skew Adjustment Range (3) Max Adjustment: Example 1, FNOM = 15MHz tU = 1.52ns Example 2, FNOM = 25MHz tU = 0.91ns tU = 1.54ns Example 3, FNOM = 30MHz tU = 0.76ns tU = 1.28ns Example 4, FNOM = 40MHz tU = 0.96ns tU = 1.56ns Example 5, FNOM = 50MHz tU = 0.77ns tU = 1.25ns Example 6, FNOM = 80MHz COMMENTS tU = 0.78ns NOTES: 1. The device may be operated outside recommended frequency ranges without damage, but functional operation is not guaranteed. Selecting the appropriate FSEL value based on input frequency range allows the PLL to operate in its ‘sweet spot’ where jitter is lowest. 2. The level to be set on FSEL is determined by the nominal operating frequency of the VCO and Time Unit Generator. The VCO frequency always appears at QA[1:0], QB[1:0] and the higher outputs when they are operated in their undivided modes. The frequency appearing at the CLKIN and FB_IN inputs will be the same as the VCO when the output connected to FB_IN is undivided. The frequency of the CLKIN and FB_IN inputs will be 1/2 or 1/4 the VCO frequency when the part is configured for a frequency multiplication by using a divided output as the FB_IN input. 3. Skew adjustment range assumes that a zero skew output is used for feedback. If a skewed Q output is used for feedback, then adjustment range will be greater. For example if a 4tU skewed output is used for feedback, all other outputs will be skewed –4tU in addition to whatever skew value is programmed for those outputs. ‘Max adjustment’ range applies to output pairs 3 and 4 where ± 6tU skew adjustment is possible and at the lowest FNOM value. 4 xr PRELIMINARY XRK4991A 3.3V HIGH-SPEED (85 MHZ) PROGRAMMABLE SKEW CLOCK BUFFER REV. P1.0.2 TABLE 2: FREQUENCY RANGE SELECT AND tU CALCULATION [1] fNOM (MHZ) tU = 1 / fNOM X N APPROXIMATE FREQUENCY (MHZ) AT FSEL[2,3] MIN MAX LOW 15 30 44 22.7 MID 25 50 26 38.5 HIGH 40 85 16 62.5 WHERE N= WHICH tU = 1.0ns SKEW SELECT MATRIX The skew select matrix is comprised of four independent sections. Each section has two low-skew, high-fanout drivers (Qx[0:1]), and two corresponding three-level function select (SELx[0:1]) inputs. Table 2 below shows the nine possible output functions for each section as determined by the function select inputs. All times are measured with respect to the CLKIN input assuming that the output connected to the FB_IN input has 0tU selected. TABLE 3: PROGRAMMABLE SKEW CONFIGURATIONS [1] FUNCTION SELECTS OUTPUT FUNCTIONS SELX1 SELX0 QA[1:0], QB[1:0] QC[1:0] QD[1:0] LOW LOW -4tU Divide by 2 Divide by 2 LOW MID -3tU -6tU -6tU LOW HIGH -2tU -4tU -4tU MID LOW -1tU -2tU -2tU MID MID 0tU 0tU 0tU MID HIGH +1tU +2tU +2tU HIGH LOW +2tU +4tU +4tU HIGH MID +3tU +6tU +6tU HIGH HIGH +4tU Divide by 4 Inverted NOTES: 1. For all three-state inputs, HIGH indicates a connection to VCC, LOW indicates a connection to GND, and MID indicates an open connection. Internal termination circuitry holds an unconnected input to VCC/2. 2. The level to be set on FSEL is determined by the “normal” operating frequency (fNOM) of the VCO and Time Unit Generator (see Logic Block Diagram). Nominal frequency (fNOM) always appears at QA0 and the other outputs when they are operated in their undivided modes (see Table 2). The frequency appearing at the CLKIN and FB_IN inputs will be fNOM when the output connected to FB_IN is undivided. The frequency of the CLKIN and FB_IN inputs will be fNOM/2 or fNOM/4 when the part is configured for a frequency multiplication by using a divided output as the FB_IN input. 3. When the FSEL pin is selected HIGH, the CLKIN input must not transition upon power-up until VCC has reached 2.8V. 5 xr XRK4991A PRELIMINARY 3.3V HIGH-SPEED (85 MHZ) PROGRAMMABLE SKEW CLOCK BUFFER REV. P1.0.2 t0+6tU t0+5tU t0+4tU t0+3tU t0+2tU t0+1tU t0 t0-1tU t0-2tU t0-3tU t0-4tU t0-5tU t0-6tU FIGURE 3. TYPICAL OUTPUTS WITH FB_IN CONNECTED TO A ZERO-SKEW OUTPUT [4] FB_IN SELA-QA[1:0] SELC-QC[1:0] CLKIN SELB-QB[1:0] SELD-QD[1:0] -6tU (N/A) LM -4tU LL LH -3tU LM (N/A) -2tU LH ML -1tU ML (N/A) 0tU MM MM +1tU MH (N/A) +2tU HL MH +3tU HM (N/A) +4tU HH HL +6tU (N/A) HM (N/A) LL/HH DIVIDED (N/A) HH INVERT NOTES: 4. FB_IN connected to an output selected for "zero" skew (i.e. SELx1 = SELx0 = MID). TEST MODE The TEST input is a three-level input. In normal system operation, this pin is connected to ground, allowing the XRK4991 to operate as explained briefly above (for testing purposes, any of the three-level inputs can have a removable jumper to ground, or be tied LOW through a 100Ω resistor. This will allow an external tester to change the state of these pins.) If the TEST input is forced to its MID or HIGH state, the device will operate with its internal phase locked loop disconnected, and input levels supplied to CLKIN will directly control all outputs. Relative output to output functions are the same as in normal mode. In contrast with normal operation (TEST tied LOW). All outputs will function based only on the connection of their own function select inputs (SELx[1:0]) and the waveform characteristics. 6 xr PRELIMINARY XRK4991A 3.3V HIGH-SPEED (85 MHZ) PROGRAMMABLE SKEW CLOCK BUFFER REV. P1.0.2 ELECTRICAL SPECIFICATIONS ABSOLUTE MAXIMUM RATINGS (5) Storage Temperature –65°C to +150°C Ambient Temperature with Power Applied –55°C to +125°C Supply Voltage to Ground –0.5V to +7.0V DC Input Voltage –0.5V to +7.0V Output Current into Outputs (LOW) 64 mA Static Discharge Voltage (per MIL-STD-883, Method 3015) >2001V Latch-Up Current. >200 mA NOTES: 5. Stresses beyond those listed under ABSOLUTE MAXIMUM RATINGS may cause permanent damage to the device. These are stress ratings only, and functional operation of the device at these or any other conditions above those indicated in the operational sections of this specification is not implied. TABLE 4: DC ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS OVER THE 3.3V + 10% OPERATING RANGE SYMBOL DESCRIPTION MIN MAX UNIT CONDITION VIH Input HIGH Voltage (CLKIN, FB_IN, OE, PE) 2.0 VCC V Guaranteed Logic HIGH (CLKIN, FB_IN, OE, PE Inputs Only) VIL Input LOW Voltage (CLKIN, FB_IN, OE, PE) 0.8 V Guaranteed Logic LOW (CLKIN, FB_IN, OE, PE Inputs Only) VCC-0.6 VCC V 3-Level Inputs Only VCC/2-0.3 VCC/2/+0.3 V 3-Level Inputs Only 3-Level Inputs Only VIHH Three-Level Input HIGH Voltage [6] VIMM Three-Level Input MID Voltage [6] VILL Three-Level Input LOW Voltage [6] 0.6 V IIN Input Leakage Current (CLKIN and FB_IN inputs only) ±5 µΑ VCC = Max. I3 3-Level Input DC Current (TEST, FSEL) ±200 µΑ VIN = VCC HIGH Level ±50 µΑ VIN = VCC/2 MID Level ±200 µΑ VIN = GND LOW Level VIN = VCC or GND IIPU Input Pull-Up Current (PE) ±100 µΑ VCC = Max VIN = GND IIPD Input Pull-Down Current (OE) ±100 µA VCC = Max VIN = VCC VOH Output HIGH Voltage V VCC = Min., IOH = -12mA VOL Output LOW Voltage V VCC = Min., IOL = 12mA 2.4 0.55 NOTES: 6. These inputs are normally wired to VCC, GND, or unconnected. Internal termination resistors bias unconnected inputs to VCC/2. If these inputs are switched (during operation), the function and timing of the outputs may be glitched, and the PLL may require an additional tLOCK time before all datasheet limits are achieved. 7 xr XRK4991A PRELIMINARY 3.3V HIGH-SPEED (85 MHZ) PROGRAMMABLE SKEW CLOCK BUFFER REV. P1.0.2 TABLE 5: POWER REQUIREMENTS (VCC = 3.3V + 10% OPERATING RANGE) SYMBOL ICCQ PARAMETER TEST CONDITIONS Quiescent Power Supply Current VCC=Max., TEST=MID, CLKIN=LOW TYP MAX. UNIT 8 25 mA PE=LOW, OE=LOW, All outputs unloaded ∆ICC Power Supply Current per Input HIGH VCC = Max., VIN = 3V 1 30 µA ICCD Dynamic Power Supply Current per Output VCC = Max., CL = 0pF 55 90 µA/MHz ITOT Total Power Supply Current VCC=3.3V, FCLKIN=20MHz, 29 mA (1) CL=160pF VCC=3.3V, FCLKIN=33MHz, 42 (1) CL=160pF VCC=3.3V, FCLKIN=66MHz, 76 CL=160pF(1) NOTE: (1) For eight outputs, each loaded with 20pF. TABLE 6: INPUT TIMING REQUIREMENTS DESCRIPTION(1) SYMBOL MIN. MAX. UNIT 10 ns/V tR, tF Maximum input rise and fall times, 0.8V to 2V tPWC Input clock pulse, HIGH or LOW 3 Input duty cycle 10 90 % 3.75 85 MHz DH CLKIN Reference Clock Input NOTE: (1) Where pulse width implied by DH is less than tPWC limit, tPWC limit applies. 8 ns xr PRELIMINARY XRK4991A 3.3V HIGH-SPEED (85 MHZ) PROGRAMMABLE SKEW CLOCK BUFFER REV. P1.0.2 TABLE 7: SWITCHING CHARACTERISTICS (3.3V + 10% OPERATING RANGE) SYMBOL XRK4991A-2 PARAMETER MIN TYP MAX XRK4991A-5 MIN TYP MAX XRK4991A-7 MIN TYP MAX UNIT FNOM VCO Frequency Range tRPWH CLKIN Pulse Width HIGH(11) 3 3 3 ns tRPWL CLKIN Pulse Width LOW(11) 3 3 3 ns tu See PLL Programmable Skew Range and Resolution Table Programmable Skew Time Unit See Control Summary Table tSKEWPR Zero Output Matched-Pair Skew (Qx[1:0]) 0.05 0.2 0.1 0.25 0.1 0.25 ns [1,2,3] tSKEW0 Zero Output Skew (All Outputs) [1, 4] 0.1 0.25 0.25 0.5 0.3 0.75 ns tSKEW1 Output Skew (Rise-Rise, Fall-Fall, Same Class Outputs [1, 6] 0.25 0.5 0.6 0.7 0.6 1 ns tSKEW2 Output Skew (Rise-Fall, Divided-Divided) 0.3 1.2 0.5 1.2 1 1.5 ns tSKEW3 Output Skew (Rise-Rise, Fall-Fall, Different Class Outputs) [1, 6] 0.25 0.5 0.5 0.7 0.7 1.2 ns tSKEW4 Output Skew 0.5 0.9 0.5 1 1.2 1.7 ns 1.65 ns [1, 6] (Rise-Fall, Nominal-Divided, [1, 2] tDEV Device-to-Device Skew [1, 2, 7] tPD CLKIN Input to FB_IN Propagation Delay tODCV Output Duty Cycle Variation from 50% [1] tPWH Output HIGH Time Deviation from 50% [1, 0.75 1.25 -0.25 0 0.25 -0.5 0 0.5 -0.7 0 0.7 ns -1.2 0 1.2 -1.2 0 1.2 -1.2 0 1.2 ns [1, 9] 2 2.5 3 ns 1.5 3 3.5 ns 10] tPWL Output LOW Time Deviation from 50% [1,11] tORISE Output Rise Time [1] 0.15 1 1.2 0.15 1 1.8 0.15 1.5 2.5 ns tOFALL Output Fall Time [1] 0.15 1 1.2 0.15 1 1.8 0.15 1.5 2.5 ns tLOCK PLL Lock Time [1,8] tJR Cycle-to-Cycle Output Jitter [1] 0.5 0.5 0.5 ns RMS 25 25 25 ps Peak-to-Peak 200 200 200 NOTES: 1. All timing and jitter tolerances apply for FNOM > 25MHz. 2. Skew is the time between the earliest and the latest output transition among all outputs for which the same tU delay has been selected when all are loaded with the specified load. 3. tSKEWPR is the skew between a pair of outputs (Qx[1:0]) when all eight outputs are selected for 0tU. 4. tSKEW0 is the skew between outputs when they are selected for 0tU. 9 xr XRK4991A PRELIMINARY 3.3V HIGH-SPEED (85 MHZ) PROGRAMMABLE SKEW CLOCK BUFFER REV. P1.0.2 5. For XRK4993-2 tSKEW0 is measured with CL = 0pF; for CL = 20pF, tSKEW0 = 0.35ns Max. 6. There are 2 classes of outputs: Nominal (multiple of tU delay), and Divided (QC[1:0] only in Divide-by-2 or Divide-by-4 mode). 7. tDEV is the output-to-output skew between any two devices operating under the same conditions (VCC, ambient temperature, air flow, etc.) 8. 8. tLOCK is the time that is required before synchronization is achieved. This specification is valid only after VCC is stable and within normal operating limits. This parameter is measured from the application of a new signal or frequency at CLKIN or FB_IN until tPD is within specified limits. 9. tPD is measured with CLKIN input rise and fall times (from 0.8V to 2V) of 1ns. 10. Measured at 2V. 11. Measured at 0.8V. FIGURE 4. AC TEST LOADS AND WAVEFORMS VCC 150Ω Output 150Ω 20pF tOFALL tORISE tPWH 2.0V 0.8V tPWL LVTTL Output Waveform <1ns 3.0V 2.0V Vth = 1.5V 0.8V 0V LVTTL Input Test Waveform 10 <1ns xr PRELIMINARY XRK4991A 3.3V HIGH-SPEED (85 MHZ) PROGRAMMABLE SKEW CLOCK BUFFER REV. P1.0.2 FIGURE 5. AC TIMING DIAGRAM tREF tRPWH tRPWL CLKIN tPD tODCV tODCV FB_IN tJR Any Q tSKEWPR, tSKEW0, 1 tSKEWPR, tSKEW0, 1 OTHER Q tSKEW2 tSKEW2 INVERTED Q tSKEW3, 4 tSKEW3, 4 tSKEW3, 4 CLKIN DIVIDED BY 2 tSKEW1, 3, 4 tSKEW2, 4 CLKIN DIVIDED BY 4 NOTES: 1. PE: The AC Timing Diagram applies to PE=VCC. For PE=GND, the negative edge of FB_IN aligns with the negative edge of CLKIN, divided outputs change on the negative edge of CLKIN, and the positive edges of the divide-by-2 and the divide-by-4 signals align. 2. Skew: The time between the earliest and the latest output transition among all outputs for which the same tU delay has been selected when all are loaded with 20pF and terminated with 75Ω to VCC/2. 3. tSKEWPR: The skew between a pair of outputs (Qx[1:0]) when all eight outputs are selected for 0tU. 4. tSKEW0: The skew between outputs when they are selected for 0tU. 5. tDEV: The output-to-output skew between any two devices operating under the same conditions (VCC, ambient temperature, air flow, etc.) 6. tODCV: The deviation of the output from a 50% duty cycle. Output pulse width variations are included in tSKEW2 and tSKEW4 specifications. 7. tPWH is measured at 2V. 8. tPWL is measured at 0.8V. 9. tORISE and tOFALL are measured between 0.8V and 2V. 10. tLOCK: The time that is required before synchronization is achieved. This specification is valid only after VCC is stable and within normal operating limits. This parameter is measured from the application of a new signal or frequency at CLKIN or FB_IN until tPD is within specified limits. 11 xr XRK4991A PRELIMINARY 3.3V HIGH-SPEED (85 MHZ) PROGRAMMABLE SKEW CLOCK BUFFER REV. P1.0.2 PACKAGE DIMENSIONS 32 LEAD PLASTIC LEADED CHIP CARRIER (PLCC) Rev. 1.00 D A1 D1 A2 30° x H1 2 1 32 45° x H2 B1 Corner Chamfer E1 E3 B E D2 e 7°±2 deg typ. C D3 R A INCHES MILLIMETERS SYMBOL MIN MAX MIN MAX A 0.120 0.140 3.05 3.56 A1 0.075 0.095 1.91 2.41 A2 0.020 --0.51 --B 0.013 0.021 0.33 0.53 B1 0.026 0.032 0.66 0.81 C 0.008 0.013 0.19 0.32 D 0.485 0.495 12.33 12.58 D1 0.448 0.454 11.39 11.54 D2 0.400 0.440 10.17 11.18 0.300 typ. 7.62 typ. D3 E 0.585 0.595 14.87 15.11 E1 0.545 0.557 13.85 14.15 E2 0.500 0.540 12.71 13.72 E3 0.400 typ. 10.16 typ. e 0.050 BSC 1.27 BSC H1 0.023 0.029 0.58 0.74 H2 0.042 0.048 1.07 1.22 R 0.025 0.045 0.64 1.14 Note: The control dimension is in inches. 12 SEATING PLANE xr PRELIMINARY XRK4991A 3.3V HIGH-SPEED (85 MHZ) PROGRAMMABLE SKEW CLOCK BUFFER REV. P1.0.2 REVISION HISTORY REVISION # P1.0.0 P1.0.1 P1.0.2 DATE DESCRIPTION February 2004 Initial release July 2004 Update block diagram. February 2005 Renamed pins to Exar convention., removed reference to 2.5V operation. Made edits to text. NOTICE EXAR Corporation reserves the right to make changes to the products contained in this publication in order to improve design, performance or reliability. EXAR Corporation assumes no responsibility for the use of any circuits described herein, conveys no license under any patent or other right, and makes no representation that the circuits are free of patent infringement. Charts and schedules contained here in are only for illustration purposes and may vary depending upon a user’s specific application. While the information in this publication has been carefully checked; no responsibility, however, is assumed for inaccuracies. EXAR Corporation does not recommend the use of any of its products in life support applications where the failure or malfunction of the product can reasonably be expected to cause failure of the life support system or to significantly affect its safety or effectiveness. Products are not authorized for use in such applications unless EXAR Corporation receives, in writing, assurances to its satisfaction that: (a) the risk of injury or damage has been minimized; (b) the user assumes all such risks; (c) potential liability of EXAR Corporation is adequately protected under the circumstances. Copyright 2004 EXAR Corporation Datasheet February 2005. Reproduction, in part or whole, without the prior written consent of EXAR Corporation is prohibited. 13