18 V, 725 µA, 4 MHz CMOS RRIO Operational Amplifier ADA4666-2 Data Sheet PIN CONNECTION DIAGRAMS Low power at high voltage (18 V): 725 μA maximum Low offset voltage: 2.2 mV maximum over entire common-mode range Low input bias current: 15 pA maximum Gain bandwidth product: 4 MHz typical at AV = 100 Unity-gain crossover: 4 MHz typical −3 dB closed-loop bandwidth: 2.1 MHz typical Single-supply operation: 3 V to 18 V Dual-supply operation: ±1.5 V to ±9 V Unity-gain stable OUT A 1 V+ ADA4666-2 7 OUT B +IN A 3 TOP VIEW (Not to Scale) 6 –IN B 5 +IN B V– 4 Figure 1. 8-Lead MSOP OUT A 1 +IN A 3 V– 4 8 V+ 7 OUT B ADA4666-2 6 –IN B TOP VIEW (Not to Scale) 5 +IN B 11366-002 –IN A 2 APPLICATIONS NOTES 1. CONNECT THE EXPOSED PAD TO V– OR LEAVE IT UNCONNECTED. Current shunt monitors Active filters Portable medical equipment Buffer/level shifting High impedance sensor interfaces Battery powered instrumentation The ADA4666-2 performance is guaranteed at 3.0 V, 10 V, and 18 V power supply voltages. It is an excellent selection for applications that use single-ended supplies of 3.3 V, 5 V, 10 V, 12 V, and 15 V, and dual supplies of ±2.5 V, ±3.3 V, and ±5 V. The ADA4666-2 is specified over the extended industrial temperature range (−40°C to +125°C) and is available in 8-lead MSOP and 8-lead LFCSP (3 mm × 3 mm) packages. 10000 VSY = 18V 1000 100 10 –40°C +25°C +85°C +125°C 1 0.001 0.01 0.1 1 10 100 LOAD CURRENT (mA) 11382-022 The ADA4666-2 is a dual, rail-to-rail input/output amplifier optimized for low power, high bandwidth, and wide operating supply voltage range applications. OUTPUT VOLTAGE (VOH) TO SUPPLY RAIL (mV) Figure 2. 8-Lead LFCSP GENERAL DESCRIPTION Figure 3. Output Voltage (VOH) to Supply Rail vs. Load Current Table 1. Precision Low Power Op Amps (<1 mA) Supply Voltage Single Dual Quad Rev. 0 8 –IN A 2 11382-001 FEATURES 5V ADA4505-1 AD8500 ADA4505-2 AD8502 AD8506 AD8546 ADA4505-4 AD8504 AD8508 AD8548 12 V to 16 V OP196 30 V OP777 AD8657 OP296 ADA4661-2 ADA4666-2 AD8659 OP496 ADA4096-2 OP727 AD8682 AD8622 ADA4096-4 OP747 AD8684 AD8624 Document Feedback Information furnished by Analog Devices is believed to be accurate and reliable. However, no responsibility is assumed by Analog Devices for its use, nor for any infringements of patents or other rights of third parties that may result from its use. Specifications subject to change without notice. No license is granted by implication or otherwise under any patent or patent rights of Analog Devices. Trademarks and registered trademarks are the property of their respective owners. One Technology Way, P.O. Box 9106, Norwood, MA 02062-9106, U.S.A. Tel: 781.329.4700 ©2013 Analog Devices, Inc. All rights reserved. Technical Support www.analog.com ADA4666-2 Data Sheet TABLE OF CONTENTS Features .............................................................................................. 1 Input Stage ................................................................................... 22 Applications ....................................................................................... 1 Gain Stage .................................................................................... 23 General Description ......................................................................... 1 Output Stage................................................................................ 23 Pin Connection Diagrams ............................................................... 1 Maximum Power Dissipation ................................................... 23 Revision History ............................................................................... 2 Rail-to-Rail Input and Output .................................................. 23 Specifications..................................................................................... 3 Comparator Operation .............................................................. 24 Electrical Characteristics—18 V Operation ............................. 3 EMI Rejection Ratio .................................................................. 25 Electrical Characteristics—10 V Operation ............................. 5 Current Shunt Monitor.............................................................. 25 Electrical Characteristics—3.0 V Operation ............................ 7 Active Filters ............................................................................... 25 Absolute Maximum Ratings............................................................ 9 Capacitive Load Drive ............................................................... 26 Thermal Resistance ...................................................................... 9 Noise Considerations with High Impedance Sources ........... 28 ESD Caution .................................................................................. 9 Outline Dimensions ....................................................................... 29 Pin Configurations and Function Descriptions ......................... 10 Ordering Guide .......................................................................... 29 Typical Performance Characteristics ........................................... 11 Applications Information .............................................................. 22 REVISION HISTORY 7/13—Revision 0: Initial Version Rev. 0 | Page 2 of 32 Data Sheet ADA4666-2 SPECIFICATIONS ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS—18 V OPERATION VSY = 18 V, VCM = VSY/2 V, TA = 25°C, unless otherwise specified. Table 2. Parameter INPUT CHARACTERISTICS Offset Voltage Offset Voltage Drift Input Bias Current Symbol Test Conditions/Comments Min VOS ΔVOS/ΔT IB VCM = 0 V to 18 V VCM = 0 V to 18 V; −40°C ≤ TA ≤ +125°C −40°C ≤ TA ≤ +125°C Typ Max Unit 0.5 2.2 2.2 3.5 3.1 15 100 900 11 30 300 18 mV mV mV μV/°C pA pA pA pA pA pA V dB dB dB dB 0.6 0.5 −40°C ≤ TA ≤ +85°C −40°C ≤ TA ≤ +125°C Input Offset Current IOS −40°C ≤ TA ≤ +85°C −40°C ≤ TA ≤ +125°C Input Voltage Range Common-Mode Rejection Ratio CMRR Large Signal Voltage Gain AVO Input Resistance Differential Mode Common Mode Input Capacitance Differential Mode Common Mode OUTPUT CHARACTERISTICS Output Voltage High Output Voltage Low Continuous Output Current Short-Circuit Current Closed-Loop Output Impedance POWER SUPPLY Power Supply Rejection Ratio Supply Current per Amplifier DYNAMIC PERFORMANCE Slew Rate Gain Bandwidth Product Unity-Gain Crossover −3 dB Closed-Loop Bandwidth Phase Margin Settling Time to 0.1% VCM = 0 V to 18 V VCM = 0 V to 18 V; −40°C ≤ TA ≤ +125°C RL = 100 kΩ, VO = 0.5 V to 17.5 V −40°C ≤ TA ≤ +125°C 0 80 77 120 120 95 147 RINDM RINCM >10 >10 GΩ GΩ CINDM CINCM 8.5 3 pF pF 17.97 40 ±220 V V V V mV mV mV mV mA mA 0.2 Ω 145 dB dB µA µA VOH VOL IOUT ISC ZOUT PSRR ISY SR GBP UGC f−3 dB ΦM tS RL = 10 kΩ to VCM −40°C ≤ TA ≤ +125°C RL = 1 kΩ to VCM −40°C ≤ TA ≤ +125°C RL = 10 kΩ to VCM −40°C ≤ TA ≤ +125°C RL = 1 kΩ to VCM −40°C ≤ TA ≤ +125°C Dropout voltage = 1 V Pulse width = 10 ms; refer to the Maximum Power Dissipation section f = 100 kHz, AV = 1 17.95 17.94 17.6 17.58 VSY = 3.0 V to 18 V −40°C ≤ TA ≤ +125°C IOUT = 0 mA −40°C ≤ TA ≤ +125°C 120 120 RS = 1 kΩ, RL = 10 kΩ, CL = 10 pF, AV = 1 VIN = 10 mV p-p, RL = 10 kΩ, CL = 10 pF, AV = 100 VIN = 10 mV p-p, RL = 10 kΩ, CL = 10 pF, AVO = 1 VIN = 10 mV p-p, RL = 10 kΩ, CL = 10 pF, AV = 1 VIN = 10 mV p-p, RL = 10 kΩ, CL = 10 pF, AVO = 1 VIN = 1 V step, RL = 10 kΩ, CL = 10 pF Rev. 0 | Page 3 of 32 17.79 14 120 630 2 4 4 2.1 60 1.3 25 40 200 300 725 975 V/µs MHz MHz MHz Degrees µs ADA4666-2 Parameter Channel Separation EMI Rejection Ratio of +IN x f = 400 MHz f = 900 MHz f = 1800 MHz f = 2400 MHz NOISE PERFORMANCE Total Harmonic Distortion Plus Noise Bandwidth = 80 kHz Bandwidth = 500 kHz Peak-to-Peak Noise Voltage Noise Density Current Noise Density Data Sheet Symbol CS EMIRR THD + N en p-p en in Test Conditions/Comments VIN = 17.9 V p-p, f = 10 kHz, RL = 10 kΩ VIN = 100 mV peak (200 mV p-p) Min Typ 80 Max Unit dB 34 42 50 60 dB dB dB dB 0.0004 0.0008 3 18 14 360 % % µV p-p nV/√Hz nV/√Hz fA/√Hz AV = 1, VIN = 5.4 V rms at 1 kHz f = 0.1 Hz to 10 Hz f = 1 kHz f = 10 kHz f = 1 kHz Rev. 0 | Page 4 of 32 Data Sheet ADA4666-2 ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS—10 V OPERATION VSY = 10 V, VCM = VSY/2 V, TA = 25°C, unless otherwise specified. Table 3. Parameter INPUT CHARACTERISTICS Offset Voltage Offset Voltage Drift Input Bias Current Symbol Test Conditions/Comments Min Typ VOS ΔVOS/ΔT IB VCM = 0 V to 10 V VCM = 0 V to 10 V; −40°C ≤ TA ≤ +125°C −40°C ≤ TA ≤ +125°C 0.6 0.25 −40°C ≤ TA ≤ +85°C −40°C ≤ TA ≤ +125°C Input Offset Current IOS −40°C ≤ TA ≤ +85°C −40°C ≤ TA ≤ +125°C Input Voltage Range Common-Mode Rejection Ratio CMRR Large Signal Voltage Gain AVO Input Resistance Differential Mode Common Mode Input Capacitance Differential Mode Common Mode OUTPUT CHARACTERISTICS Output Voltage High Output Voltage Low Unit 2.2 2.2 3.5 3.1 15 80 750 11 30 270 10 mV mV mV μV/°C pA pA pA pA pA pA V dB dB dB dB 90 145 RINDM RINCM >10 >10 GΩ GΩ CINDM CINCM 8.5 3 pF pF 9.98 40 ±220 V V V V mV mV mV mV mA mA 0.2 Ω 145 dB dB µA µA VOH VOL Continuous Output Current Short-Circuit Current IOUT ISC Closed-Loop Output Impedance POWER SUPPLY Power Supply Rejection Ratio ZOUT Supply Current per Amplifier ISY DYNAMIC PERFORMANCE Slew Rate Gain Bandwidth Product Unity-Gain Crossover −3 dB Closed-Loop Bandwidth Phase Margin Settling Time to 0.1% Channel Separation VCM = 0 V to 10 V VCM = 0 V to 10 V; −40°C ≤ TA ≤ +125°C RL = 100 kΩ, VO = 0.5 V to 9.5 V −40°C ≤ TA ≤ +125°C 0 75 72 120 120 Max PSRR SR GBP UGC f−3 dB ΦM tS CS RL = 10 kΩ to VCM −40°C ≤ TA ≤ +125°C RL = 1 kΩ to VCM −40°C ≤ TA ≤ +125°C RL = 10 kΩ to VCM −40°C ≤ TA ≤ +125°C RL = 1 kΩ to VCM −40°C ≤ TA ≤ +125°C Dropout voltage = 1 V Pulse width = 10 ms; refer to the Maximum Power Dissipation section f = 100 kHz, AV = 1 9.96 9.96 9.7 9.7 VSY = 3.0 V to 18 V −40°C ≤ TA ≤ +125°C IOUT = 0 mA −40°C ≤ TA ≤ +125°C 120 120 RS = 1 kΩ, RL = 10 kΩ, CL = 10 pF, AV = 1 VIN = 10 mV p-p, RL = 10 kΩ, CL = 10 pF, AV = 100 VIN = 10 mV p-p, RL = 10 kΩ, CL = 10 pF, AVO = 1 VIN = 10 mV p-p, RL = 10 kΩ, CL = 10 pF, AV = 1 VIN = 10 mV p-p, RL = 10 kΩ, CL = 10 pF, AVO = 1 VIN = 1 V step, RL = 10 kΩ, CL = 10 pF VIN = 9.9 V p-p, f = 10 kHz, RL = 10 kΩ Rev. 0 | Page 5 of 32 9.88 10 77 620 1.8 4 4 2.1 60 1.3 85 15 30 110 200 725 975 V/µs MHz MHz MHz Degrees µs dB ADA4666-2 Parameter EMI Rejection Ratio of +IN x f = 400 MHz f = 900 MHz f = 1800 MHz f = 2400 MHz NOISE PERFORMANCE Total Harmonic Distortion Plus Noise Bandwidth = 80 kHz Bandwidth = 500 kHz Peak-to-Peak Noise Voltage Noise Density Current Noise Density Data Sheet Symbol EMIRR THD + N en p-p en in Test Conditions/Comments VIN = 100 mV peak (200 mV p-p) Min Typ Max Unit 34 42 50 60 dB dB dB dB 0.0004 0.0008 3 18 14 360 % % µV p-p nV/√Hz nV/√Hz fA/√Hz AV = 1, VIN =2.2 V rms at 1 kHz f = 0.1 Hz to 10 Hz f = 1 kHz f = 10 kHz f = 1 kHz Rev. 0 | Page 6 of 32 Data Sheet ADA4666-2 ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS—3.0 V OPERATION VSY = 3.0 V, VCM = VSY/2 V, TA = 25°C, unless otherwise specified. Table 4. Parameter INPUT CHARACTERISTICS Offset Voltage Offset Voltage Drift Input Bias Current Symbol Test Conditions/Comments Min VOS ΔVOS/ΔT IB VCM = 0 V to 3.0 V VCM = 0 V to 3.0 V; −40°C ≤ TA ≤ +125°C −40°C ≤ TA ≤ +125°C Typ Max Unit 0.5 2.2 2.2 3.5 3.1 8 45 650 11 30 27 3 mV mV mV μV/°C pA pA pA pA pA pA V dB dB dB dB 0.6 0.15 −40°C ≤ TA ≤ +85°C −40°C ≤ TA ≤ +125°C Input Offset Current IOS −40°C ≤ TA ≤ +85°C −40°C ≤ TA ≤ +125°C Input Voltage Range Common-Mode Rejection Ratio CMRR Large Signal Voltage Gain AVO Input Resistance Differential Mode Common Mode Input Capacitance, Differential Mode Common Mode OUTPUT CHARACTERISTICS Output Voltage High Output Voltage Low Continuous Output Current Short-Circuit Current Closed-Loop Output Impedance POWER SUPPLY Power Supply Rejection Ratio Supply Current per Amplifier DYNAMIC PERFORMANCE Slew Rate Gain Bandwidth Product Unity-Gain Crossover −3 dB Closed-Loop Bandwidth Settling Time to 0.1% Phase Margin Channel Separation VCM = 0 V to 3.0 V VCM = 0 V to 3.0 V; −40°C ≤ TA ≤ +125°C RL = 100 kΩ, VO = 0.5 V to 2.5 V −40°C ≤ TA ≤ +125°C 0 64 61 105 105 80 130 RINDM RINCM >10 >10 GΩ GΩ CINDM CINCM 8.5 3 pF pF 2.99 40 ±220 V V V V mV mV mV mV mA mA 0.2 Ω 145 dB dB µA µA VOH VOL IOUT ISC ZOUT PSRR ISY SR GBP UGC f−3 dB tS ΦM CS RL = 10 kΩ to VCM −40°C ≤ TA ≤ +125°C RL = 1 kΩ to VCM −40°C ≤ TA ≤ +125°C RL = 10 kΩ to VCM −40°C ≤ TA ≤ +125°C RL = 1 kΩ to VCM −40°C ≤ TA ≤ +125°C Dropout voltage = 1 V Pulse width = 10 ms; refer to the Maximum Power Dissipation section f = 100 kHz, AV = 1 2.98 2.98 2.9 2.9 VSY = 3.0 V to 18 V −40°C ≤ TA ≤ +125°C IOUT = 0 mA −40°C ≤ TA ≤ +125°C 120 120 RS = 1 kΩ, RL = 10 kΩ, CL = 10 pF, AV = 1 VIN = 10 mV p-p, RL = 10 kΩ, CL = 10 pF, AV = 100 VIN = 10 mV p-p, RL = 10 kΩ, CL = 10 pF, AVO = 1 VIN = 10 mV p-p, RL = 10 kΩ, CL = 10 pF, AV = 1 VIN = 1 V step, RL = 10 kΩ, CL = 10 pF VIN = 10 mV p-p, RL = 10 kΩ, CL = 10 pF, AVO = 1 VIN = 2.9 V p-p, f = 10 kHz, RL = 10 kΩ Rev. 0 | Page 7 of 32 2.96 4 25 615 1.7 4 4 1.7 1.3 60 90 8 15 40 65 725 975 V/µs MHz MHz MHz µs Degrees dB ADA4666-2 Parameter EMI Rejection Ratio of +IN x f = 400 MHz f = 900 MHz f = 1800 MHz f = 2400 MHz NOISE PERFORMANCE Total Harmonic Distortion Plus Noise Bandwidth = 80 kHz Bandwidth = 500 kHz Peak-to-Peak Noise Voltage Noise Density Current Noise Density Data Sheet Symbol EMIRR THD + N en p-p en in Test Conditions/Comments VIN = 100 mV peak (200 mV p-p) Min Typ Max Unit 34 42 50 60 dB dB dB dB 0.002 0.003 3 18 14 360 % % µV p-p nV/√Hz nV/√Hz fA/√Hz AV = 1, VIN = 0.44 V rms at 1 kHz f = 0.1 Hz to 10 Hz f = 1 kHz f = 10 kHz f = 1 kHz Rev. 0 | Page 8 of 32 Data Sheet ADA4666-2 ABSOLUTE MAXIMUM RATINGS THERMAL RESISTANCE Table 5. Parameter Supply Voltage Input Voltage Input Current1 Differential Input Voltage Output Short-Circuit Duration to GND Temperature Range Storage Operating Junction Lead Temperature (Soldering, 60 sec) ESD Human Body Model2 Machine Model3 Field-Induced ChargedDevice Model (FICDM)4 Rating 20.5 V (V−) − 300 mV to (V+) + 300 mV ±10 mA Limited by maximum input current Refer to the Maximum Power Dissipation section −65°C to +150°C −40°C to +125°C −65°C to +150°C 300°C θJA is specified for the worst-case conditions, that is, a device soldered in a circuit board for surface-mount packages using a standard 4-layer JEDEC board. The exposed pad of the LFCSP package is soldered to the board. Table 6. Thermal Resistance Package Type 8-Lead MSOP 8-Lead LFCSP 1 θJA 142 83.5 θJC is measured on the top surface of the package. ESD CAUTION 4 kV 400 V 1.25 kV The input pins have clamp diodes to the power supply pins and to each other. Limit the input current to 10 mA or less when input signals exceed the power supply rail by 0.3 V. 2 Applicable standard: MIL-STD-883, Method 3015.7. 3 Applicable standard: JESD22-A115-A (ESD machine model standard of JEDEC). 4 Applicable Standard JESD22-C101C (ESD FICDM standard of JEDEC). 1 Stresses above those listed under Absolute Maximum Ratings may cause permanent damage to the device. This is a stress rating only; functional operation of the device at these or any other conditions above those indicated in the operational section of this specification is not implied. Exposure to absolute maximum rating conditions for extended periods may affect device reliability. Rev. 0 | Page 9 of 32 θJC 45 48.51 Unit °C/W °C/W ADA4666-2 Data Sheet PIN CONFIGURATIONS AND FUNCTION DESCRIPTIONS OUT A 1 +IN A 3 8 V+ –IN A 2 ADA4666-2 7 OUT B +IN A 3 TOP VIEW (Not to Scale) 6 –IN B 5 +IN B V– 4 V– 4 ADA4666-2 TOP VIEW (Not to Scale) 7 OUT B 6 –IN B 5 +IN B NOTES 1. CONNECT THE EXPOSED PAD TO V– OR LEAVE IT UNCONNECTED. 11382-004 OUT A 1 8 V+ 11382-005 –IN A 2 Figure 5. Pin Configuration, 8-Lead LFCSP Figure 4. Pin Configuration, 8-Lead MSOP Table 7. Pin Function Descriptions Pin No. 1 8-Lead MSOP 8-Lead LFCSP 1 1 2 2 3 3 4 4 5 5 6 6 7 7 8 8 N/A 92 1 2 Mnemonic OUT A −IN A +IN A V− +IN B −IN B OUT B V+ EPAD Description Output, Channel A. Negative Input, Channel A. Positive Input, Channel A. Negative Supply Voltage. Positive Input, Channel B. Negative Input, Channel B. Output, Channel B. Positive Supply Voltage. Exposed Pad. For the 8-lead LFCSP only, connect the exposed pad to V− or leave it unconnected. N/A means not applicable. The exposed pad is not shown in the pin configuration diagram, Figure 5. Rev. 0 | Page 10 of 32 Data Sheet ADA4666-2 TYPICAL PERFORMANCE CHARACTERISTICS TA = 25°C, unless otherwise noted. 70 70 30 2.0 11382-009 1.8 1.6 1.4 1.2 1.0 0.8 0.6 0.4 0 0.2 –0.2 –0.4 Figure 9. Input Offset Voltage Distribution 20 20 16 8 TCVOS (µV/°C) Figure 7. Input Offset Voltage Drift Distribution 11382-010 3.0 2.8 2.6 2.4 2.2 2.0 1.6 0 11382-007 TCVOS (µV/°C) 3.0 2.8 2.6 2.4 2.2 2.0 1.8 1.6 1.4 1.2 1.0 0.8 0 0.6 2 0 0.4 2 0 4 0.2 4 1.4 6 1.2 6 10 1.0 8 12 0.8 10 0.6 12 14 0.4 14 0.2 NUMBER OF AMPLIFIERS 16 VSY = 18V VCM = VSY/2 –40°C ≤ TA ≤ +125°C 100 CHANNELS 18 1.8 VSY = 3V VCM = VSY/2 –40°C ≤ TA ≤ +125°C 100 CHANNELS 18 Figure 10. Input Offset Voltage Drift Distribution 1500 1500 VSY = 18V 16 CHANNELS VSY = 3V 16 CHANNELS 1000 500 500 VOS (μV) 1000 0 0 –500 –1000 –1000 –1500 0 0.3 0.6 0.9 1.2 1.5 1.8 2.1 2.4 2.7 VCM (V) 3.0 11382-008 –500 Figure 8. Input Offset Voltage vs. Common-Mode Voltage –1500 0 1.5 3.0 4.5 6.0 7.5 9.0 10.5 12.0 13.5 15.0 16.5 18.0 VCM (V) Figure 11. Input Offset Voltage vs. Common-Mode Voltage Rev. 0 | Page 11 of 32 11382-011 NUMBER OF AMPLIFIERS –0.6 VOS (mV) Figure 6. Input Offset Voltage Distribution VOS (μV) –0.8 –2.0 2.0 VOS (mV) 11382-006 1.8 1.6 1.4 1.2 1.0 0.8 0.6 0.4 0 0.2 –0.2 –0.4 –0.6 –0.8 –1.0 0 –1.2 0 –1.4 10 –1.6 10 –1.0 20 –1.2 20 40 –1.4 30 50 –1.6 NUMBER OF AMPLIFIERS 40 –1.8 VSY = 18V VCM = VSY/2 600 CHANNELS 60 50 –2.0 NUMBER OF AMPLIFIERS 60 –1.8 VSY = 3V VCM = VSY/2 600 CHANNELS ADA4666-2 Data Sheet 1500 1500 VSY = 18V 25 CHANNELS AT –40°C AND +85°C VSY = 3V 25 CHANNELS AT –40°C AND +85°C 1000 1000 500 VOS (μV) 0 –500 –500 –1000 –1000 18.0 Figure 15. Input Offset Voltage vs. Common-Mode Voltage 1500 1500 VSY = 18V 25 CHANNELS AT –40°C AND +125°C VSY = 3V 25 CHANNELS AT –40°C AND +125°C 1000 1000 500 VOS (μV) 500 0 0 –500 –500 –1000 –1000 VCM (V) Figure 13. Input Offset Voltage vs. Common-Mode Voltage Figure 16. Input Offset Voltage vs. Common-Mode Voltage 0 0 VSY = 10V ΔVCM = 400mV VSY = 10V ΔVSY = 400mV –20 SMALL SIGNAL PSRR (dB) –20 –40 –60 –80 –100 –120 11382-016 VCM (V) 18.0 3.0 16.5 2.7 15.0 2.4 13.5 2.1 12.0 1.8 10.5 1.5 9.0 1.2 7.5 0.9 6.0 0.6 4.5 0.3 11382-013 0 0 –1500 –1500 3.0 –40 PSRR– PSRR+ –60 –80 –100 –120 –140 –140 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 VCM (V) 10 11382-216 –160 –180 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 VCM (V) 7 8 9 Figure 17. Small Signal PSRR vs. Common-Mode Voltage Figure 14. Small Signal CMRR vs. Common-Mode Voltage Rev. 0 | Page 12 of 32 10 11382-168 VOS (μV) 16.5 VCM (V) Figure 12. Input Offset Voltage vs. Common-Mode Voltage 11382-015 VCM (V) 15.0 3.0 13.5 2.7 12.0 2.4 9.0 2.1 10.5 1.8 7.5 1.5 6.0 1.2 4.5 0.9 3.0 0.6 1.5 0.3 11382-012 0 0 –1500 –1500 SMALL SIGNAL CMRR (dB) 0 1.5 VOS (μV) 500 Data Sheet ADA4666-2 1000 1000 VSY = 3V VCM = VSY/2 VSY = 18V VCM = VSY/2 100 IB (pA) IB (pA) 100 10 10 |IB–| |IB–| |IB+| |IB+| 1 50 75 100 125 TEMPERATURE (°C) 0.1 25 11382-014 0.1 25 50 Figure 18. Input Bias Current vs. Temperature 125 3 VSY = 3V VCM = VSY/2 2 1 1 0 0 –1 25°C 85°C 125°C –2 VSY = 18V VCM = VSY/2 2 IB (nA) –1 25°C 85°C 125°C –2 –3 0 0.5 1.0 1.5 VCM (V) 2.0 2.5 3.0 –4 11382-018 –4 0 Figure 19. Input Bias Current vs. Common-Mode Voltage OUTPUT VOLTAGE (VOH) TO SUPPLY RAIL (mV) VSY = 3V 1000 100 –40°C +25°C +85°C +125°C 0.01 0.1 1 10 100 LOAD CURRENT (mA) 11382-019 1 0.001 4 6 8 10 VCM (V) 12 14 16 18 Figure 22. Input Bias Current vs. Common-Mode Voltage 10000 10 2 11382-021 –3 Figure 20. Output Voltage (VOH) to Supply Rail vs. Load Current 10000 VSY = 18V 1000 100 10 1 0.001 –40°C +25°C +85°C +125°C 0.01 0.1 1 10 100 LOAD CURRENT (mA) Figure 23. Output Voltage (VOH) to Supply Rail vs. Load Current Rev. 0 | Page 13 of 32 11382-022 IB (nA) 100 Figure 21. Input Bias Current vs. Temperature 3 OUTPUT VOLTAGE (VOH) TO SUPPLY RAIL (mV) 75 TEMPERATURE (°C) 11382-017 1 Data Sheet VSY = 3V 1000 –40°C +25°C +85°C +125°C 100 10 1 0.1 0.001 0.01 0.1 1 10 10000 VSY = 18V 1000 100 LOAD CURRENT (mA) 100 10 1 0.1 0.001 10 100 2.98 2.97 2.96 RL = 10kΩ 17.95 RL = 10kΩ OUTPUT VOLTAGE (VOH) (V) RL = 1kΩ 2.95 17.90 17.85 RL = 1kΩ 17.80 17.75 VSY = 3V 25 50 75 100 125 TEMPERATURE (°C) Figure 25. Output Voltage (VOH) vs. Temperature –25 0 25 50 75 TEMPERATURE (°C) 100 125 11382-027 0 11382-024 –25 VSY = 18V 17.70 –50 Figure 28. Output Voltage (VOH) vs. Temperature 50 200 VSY = 18V VSY = 3V 180 OUTPUT VOLTAGE (VOL) (mV) 40 RL = 1kΩ 30 20 10 RL = 10kΩ 0 25 50 140 RL = 1kΩ 120 100 80 60 40 RL = 10kΩ 20 75 100 TEMPERATURE (°C) 125 11382-025 –25 160 Figure 26. Output Voltage (VOL) vs. Temperature 0 –50 –25 0 25 50 75 100 TEMPERATURE (°C) Figure 29. Output Voltage (VOL) vs. Temperature Rev. 0 | Page 14 of 32 125 11382-028 OUTPUT VOLTAGE (VOH) (V) 1 18.00 2.99 OUTPUT VOLTAGE (VOL) (mV) 0.1 Figure 27. Output Voltage (VOL) to Supply Rail vs. Load Current 3.00 0 –50 0.01 LOAD CURRENT (mA) Figure 24. Output Voltage (VOL) to Supply Rail vs. Load Current 2.94 –50 –40°C +25°C +85°C +125°C 11382-023 OUTPUT VOLTAGE (VOL) TO SUPPLY RAIL (mV) 10000 11382-020 OUTPUT VOLTAGE (VOL) TO SUPPLY RAIL (mV) ADA4666-2 Data Sheet ADA4666-2 1000 1000 VSY = 18V 900 900 800 800 ISY PER AMPLIFIER (μA) 700 600 500 400 –40°C +25°C +85°C +125°C 300 200 700 600 500 400 200 100 100 0 0.5 1.0 1.5 2.0 2.5 3.0 VCM (V) 0 11382-026 0 0 3 6 9 12 15 18 VCM (V) Figure 30. Supply Current vs. Common-Mode Voltage Figure 33. Supply Current vs. Common-Mode Voltage 1000 1000 VCM = VSY/2 VCM = VSY/2 900 800 ISY PER AMPLIFIER (µA) 800 ISY PER AMPLIFIER (µA) –40°C +25°C +85°C +125°C 300 11382-029 ISY PER AMPLIFIER (μA) VSY = 3V 600 400 –40°C +25°C +85°C +125°C 200 700 600 500 400 VSY = 3V VSY = 10V VSY = 18V 300 200 4 6 8 10 12 14 16 18 0 –50 VSY (V) –25 0 25 50 80 135 80 90 60 GAIN 20 –20 10k 0 OPEN-LOOP GAIN (dB) 45 100k 1M –90 10M FREQUENCY (Hz) PHASE 135 90 45 40 GAIN 0 20 0 –45 11382-033 OPEN-LOOP GAIN (dB) 40 PHASE (Degrees) PHASE CL = 0pF CL = 10pF CL = 0pF CL = 10pF 125 VSY = 18V RL = 10kΩ VSY = 3V RL = 10kΩ 0 100 Figure 34. Supply Current vs. Temperature Figure 31. Supply Current vs. Supply Voltage 60 75 TEMPERATURE (°C) –20 10k –45 CL = 0pF CL = 10pF CL = 0pF CL = 10pF 100k 1M –90 10M FREQUENCY (Hz) Figure 35. Open-Loop Gain and Phase vs. Frequency Figure 32. Open-Loop Gain and Phase vs. Frequency Rev. 0 | Page 15 of 32 11382-036 2 PHASE (Degrees) 0 11382-030 0 11382-133 100 ADA4666-2 Data Sheet 60 60 VSY = 3V CL = 5pF VSY = 18V CL = 5pF AV = 100 40 40 AV = 100 AV = 10 AV = 1 0 20 GAIN (dB) –20 AV = 1 0 10k 100k FREQUENCY (Hz) 1M 10M –40 1k 11382-232 –40 1k 10k Figure 36. Closed-Loop Gain vs. Frequency 10k 100 100 ZOUT (Ω) 1k ZOUT (Ω) 1k AV = 100 AV = 10 1 VSY = 18V VCM = VSY/2 AV = 100 10 1 AV = 10 AV = 1 10k 100k 1M 10M 0.01 100 11382-038 1k FREQUENCY (Hz) 100 100 80 80 CMRR (dB) 120 60 20 20 100k 1M 10M 11382-039 40 10k 100k 1M 10M 60 40 FREQUENCY (Hz) 10k Figure 40. Output Impedance vs. Frequency 120 VSY = 3V VCM = VSY/2 0 100 1k 1k FREQUENCY (Hz) Figure 37. Output Impedance vs. Frequency CMRR (dB) AV = 1 0.1 0.1 0.01 100 10M Figure 39. Closed-Loop Gain vs. Frequency VSY = 3V VCM = VSY/2 10 1M 11382-041 10k 100k FREQUENCY (Hz) 11382-235 –20 Figure 38. CMRR vs. Frequency VSY = 18V VCM = VSY/2 0 100 1k 10k 100k FREQUENCY (Hz) Figure 41. CMRR vs. Frequency Rev. 0 | Page 16 of 32 1M 10M 11382-042 GAIN (dB) AV = 10 20 Data Sheet 100 100 VSY = 3V VSY = 18V PSRR+ PSRR– 80 80 60 60 PSRR (dB) 40 PSRR+ PSRR– 40 10k 100k 1M 10M FREQUENCY (Hz) 0 1k 11382-040 0 1k 10k Figure 42. PSRR vs. Frequency 10M Figure 45. PSRR vs. Frequency VSY = 3V VIN = 100mV p-p AV = 1 RL = 10kΩ 50 VSY = 18V VIN = 100mV p-p AV = 1 RL = 10kΩ 50 OS– 30 OVERSHOOT (%) 40 OS+ 20 40 OS– 30 OS+ 20 10 10 20 30 40 50 0 CAPACITANCE (pF) 0 10 20 30 40 11382-047 0 11382-044 10 50 CAPACITANCE (pF) Figure 43. Small Signal Overshoot vs. Load Capacitance Figure 46. Small Signal Overshoot vs. Load Capacitance VSY = ±1.5V VIN = 2.5V p-p AV = 1 RL = 10kΩ CL = 10pF RS = 1kΩ VSY = ±9V VIN = 17V p-p AV = 1 RL = 10kΩ CL = 10pF RS = 1kΩ TIME (5µs/DIV) 11382-045 VOLTAGE (2V/DIV) VOLTAGE (0.5V/DIV) OVERSHOOT (%) 1M 60 60 0 100k FREQUENCY (Hz) 11382-043 20 20 TIME (5µs/DIV) Figure 47. Large Signal Transient Response Figure 44. Large Signal Transient Response Rev. 0 | Page 17 of 32 11382-048 PSRR (dB) ADA4666-2 Data Sheet VOLTAGE (20mV/DIV) VOLTAGE (20mV/DIV) ADA4666-2 TIME (2µs/DIV) TIME (2µs/DIV) 0 15 1.5 1.0 –1 INPUT VOLTAGE (V) VOUT –1 –2 –5 0 –0.5 TIME (2µs/DIV) 9 6 –6 3 VSY = ±9V AV = –10 RL = 10kΩ CL = 10pF VIN = 1.35V 2 2.0 9 0 1.0 –0.2 0.5 –0.4 0 –0.6 –0.5 VOUT –1.2 TIME (2µs/DIV) 0 3 –1 0 –2 –3 –6 VSY = ±9V AV = –10 RL = 10kΩ CL = 10pF VIN = 1.35V VOUT –4 –1.5 –2.0 11382-051 VSY = ±1.5V AV = –10 RL = 10kΩ CL = 10pF VIN = 225mV 6 –3 –1.0 –0.8 1 –5 Figure 50. Negative Overload Recovery TIME (2µs/DIV) Figure 53. Negative Overload Recovery Rev. 0 | Page 18 of 32 –9 –12 11382-054 1.5 INPUT VOLTAGE (V) 0.2 OUTPUT VOLTAGE (V) VIN OUTPUT VOLTAGE (V) INPUT VOLTAGE (V) –3 Figure 52. Positive Overload Recovery VIN –1.0 0 TIME (2µs/DIV) Figure 49. Positive Overload Recovery 0.4 12 –4 0.5 VSY = ±1.5V AV = –10 RL = 10kΩ CL = 10pF VIN = 225mV VIN VOUT –3 11382-050 –1.4 3.0 2.0 –0.8 –1.2 18 2.5 –0.4 –0.6 1 OUTPUT VOLTAGE (V) INPUT VOLTAGE (V) –0.2 VIN 3.5 11382-053 0 Figure 51. Small Signal Transient Response OUTPUT VOLTAGE (V) Figure 48. Small Signal Transient Response 0.2 11382-049 VSY = ±9V VIN = 100mV p-p AV = 1 RL = 10kΩ CL = 10pF 11382-046 VSY = ±1.5V VIN = 100mV p-p AV = 1 RL = 10kΩ CL = 10pF Data Sheet ADA4666-2 ERROR BAND 11382-052 VSY = ±1.5V VIN = 1V p-p RL = 10kΩ CL = 10pF AV = –1 TIME (400ns/DIV) TIME (400ns/DIV) VOLTAGE (500mV/DIV) VOLTAGE (1mV/DIV) VSY = ±9V VIN = 1V p-p RL = 10kΩ CL = 10pF AV = –1 11382-056 VSY = ±1.5V VIN = 1V p-p RL = 10kΩ CL = 10pF AV = –1 OUTPUT ERROR BAND TIME (400ns/DIV) TIME (400ns/DIV) Figure 58. Negative Settling Time to 0.1% Figure 55. Negative Settling Time to 0.1% 1k 11382-059 1k VOLTAGE NOISE DENSITY (nV/√Hz) VSY = 3V VCM = VSY/2 AV = 1 VSY = 18V VCM = VSY/2 AV = 1 100 100 100 1k 10k 100k 1M FREQUENCY (Hz) 10M 11382-057 10 10 1 10 100 1k 10k 100k 1M FREQUENCY (Hz) Figure 59. Voltage Noise Density vs. Frequency Figure 56. Voltage Noise Density vs. Frequency Rev. 0 | Page 19 of 32 10M 11382-060 VOLTAGE (500mV/DIV) OUTPUT ERROR BAND VOLTAGE (1mV/DIV) INPUT INPUT VOLTAGE NOISE DENSITY (nV/√Hz) VSY = ±9V VIN = 1V p-p RL = 10kΩ CL = 10pF AV = –1 Figure 57. Positive Settling Time to 0.1% Figure 54. Positive Settling Time to 0.1% 1 10 VOLTAGE (1mV/DIV) OUTPUT 11382-055 ERROR BAND VOLTAGE (500mV/DIV) OUTPUT INPUT VOLTAGE (1mV/DIV) VOLTAGE (500mV/DIV) INPUT ADA4666-2 Data Sheet VSY = 3V VCM = VSY/2 AV = 1 TIME (2s/DIV) 11382-061 11382-058 VOLTAGE (1µV/DIV) VOLTAGE (1µV/DIV) VSY = 18V VCM = VSY/2 AV = 1 TIME (2s/DIV) Figure 60. 0.1 Hz to 10 Hz Noise Figure 63. 0.1 Hz to 10 Hz Noise 3.5 20 18 3.0 2.0 1.5 1.0 0 10 12 10 8 6 4 2 100 1k 10k 100k 1M FREQUENCY (Hz) 0 10 11382-062 0.5 VSY = 3V VIN = 2.9V RL = 10kΩ CL = 10pF AV = 1 14 1k 10k 100k 1M Figure 64. Output Swing vs. Frequency 1 80kHz LOW-PASS FILTER 500kHz LOW-PASS FILTER VSY = 3V AV = 1 RL = 10kΩ VIN = 440mV rms 100 FREQUENCY (Hz) Figure 61. Output Swing vs. Frequency 1 VSY = 18V VIN = 17.9V RL = 10kΩ CL = 10pF AV = 1 11382-065 OUTPUT SWING (V) OUTPUT SWING (V) 16 2.5 80kHz LOW-PASS FILTER 500kHz LOW-PASS FILTER VSY = 18V AV = 1 RL = 10kΩ VIN = 5.4V rms 0.1 THD + N (%) THD + N (%) 0.1 0.01 0.01 100 1k 10k FREQUENCY (Hz) 100k 0.0001 Figure 62. THD + N vs. Frequency 10 100 1k 10k FREQUENCY (Hz) Figure 65. THD + N vs. Frequency Rev. 0 | Page 20 of 32 100k 11382-066 0.001 10 11382-063 0.001 Data Sheet 100 ADA4666-2 100 VSY = 3V AV = 1 RL = 10kΩ f = 1kHz 10 10 VSY = 18V AV = 1 RL = 10kΩ f = 1kHz THD + N (%) THD + N (%) 1 1 0.1 0.1 0.01 0.01 0.1 1 10 AMPLITUDE (V rms) CHANNEL SEPARATION (dB) –20 –40 –60 –80 –100 –120 VSY = 3V AV = 100 RL = 10kΩ 500kHz LOW-PASS FILTER –140 10 –160 1k 10k FREQUENCY (Hz) 100k VIN = 0.5V p-p VIN = 9V p-p VIN = 17.9V p-p –40 –60 –80 –100 –120 VSY = 18V AV = 100 RL = 10kΩ 500kHz LOW-PASS FILTER –140 11382-068 CHANNEL SEPARATION (dB) 1 0 VIN = 0.5V p-p VIN = 1.5V p-p VIN = 2.9V p-p 100 0.1 Figure 68. THD + N vs. Amplitude 0 10 0.01 AMPLITUDE (V rms) Figure 66. THD + N vs. Amplitude –20 80kHz LOW-PASS FILTER 500kHz LOW-PASS FILTER Figure 67. Channel Separation vs. Frequency –160 10 100 1k 10k FREQUENCY (Hz) Figure 69. Channel Separation vs. Frequency Rev. 0 | Page 21 of 32 100k 11382-069 0.01 0.0001 0.001 11382-067 80kHz LOW-PASS FILTER 500kHz LOW-PASS FILTER 11382-064 0.001 0.001 0.001 ADA4666-2 Data Sheet APPLICATIONS INFORMATION V+ HIGH VOLTAGE PROTECTION I2 M11 M12 M9 M10 M19 M20 M17 M18 M22 +IN x R1 M3 D1 M4 C2 C1 Q1 Q2 OUT x D2 V1 –IN x C3 R2 M1 M2 M7 M8 I1 M5 M6 I3 HIGH VOLTAGE PROTECTION V– M15 M16 M13 M14 11382-169 M21 Figure 70. Simplified Schematic The ADA4666-2 is a low power, rail-to-rail input and output, CMOS amplifier that operates over a wide supply voltage range of 3 V to 18 V. To achieve a rail-to-rail input and output range with very low supply current, the ADA4666-2 uses unique input and output stages. INPUT STAGE Figure 70 shows the simplified schematic of the ADA4666-2. The amplifier uses a three-stage architecture with a fully differential input stage to achieve excellent dc performance specifications. The input stage comprises two differential transistor pairs—a NMOS pair (M1, M2), a PMOS pair (M3, M4)—and foldedcascode transistors (M5 to M12). The input common-mode voltage determines which differential pair is active. The PMOS differential pair is active for most of the input common-mode range. The NMOS pair is required for input voltages up to and including the upper supply rail. This topology allows the amplifier to maintain a wide dynamic input voltage range and maximize signal swing to both supply rails. The proprietary high voltage protection circuitry in the ADA4666-2 minimizes the common-mode voltage changes seen by the amplifier input stage for most of the input commonmode range. This results in the amplifier having excellent disturbance rejection when operating in this preferred common-mode range. The performance benefits of operating within this preferred range are shown in the PSRR vs. VCM (see Figure 17), CMRR vs. VCM (see Figure 14) and VOS vs. VCM graphs (see Figure 8, Figure 11, Figure 12, Figure 13, Figure 15, and Figure 16). The CMRR performance benefits of the reduced common-mode range are guaranteed at final test and shown in the electrical characteristics (see Table 2 to Table 4). For most of the input common-mode voltage range, the PMOS differential pair is active. When the input common-mode voltage is within a few volts of the power supplies, the input transistors are exposed to these voltage changes. As the common-mode voltage approaches the positive power supply, the active differential pair changes from the PMOS pair to the NMOS pair. Differential pairs commonly exhibit different offset voltages. The handoff of control from one differential pair to the other creates a step like characteristic that is visible in the VOS vs. VCM graphs (see Figure 8, Figure 11, Figure 12, Figure 13, Figure 15, and Figure 16). This characteristic is inherent in all rail-to-rail input amplifiers that use the dual differential pair topology. Additional steps in the VOS vs. VCM graphs are visible as the common-mode voltage approaches the negative power supply. These changes are a result of the load transistors (M5, M6) running out of headroom. As the load transistors are forced into the triode region of operation, the mismatch of their drain impedance becomes a significant portion of the amplifier offset. This effect can also be seen in the VOS vs. VCM graphs (see Figure 8, Figure 11, Figure 12, Figure 13, Figure 15, and Figure 16). Current Source I2 drives the PMOS transistor pair. As the input common-mode voltage approaches the upper power supply, this current is reduced to zero. At the same time, a replica current source, I1, is increased from zero to enable the NMOS transistor pair. The ADA4666-2 achieves its high performance specifications by using low voltage MOS devices for its differential inputs. These low voltage MOS devices offer excellent noise and bandwidth per unit of current. The input stage is isolated from the high system voltages with proprietary protection circuitry. This regulation circuitry protects the input devices from the high supply voltages at which the amplifier can operate. Rev. 0 | Page 22 of 32 Data Sheet ADA4666-2 The input devices are also protected from large differential input voltages by clamp diodes (D1 and D2). These diodes are buffered from the inputs with two 120 Ω resistors (R1 and R2). The diodes conduct significant current whenever the differential voltage exceeds approximately 600 mV; in this condition, the differential input resistance falls to 240 Ω. It is possible for a significant amount of current to flow through these protection diodes. The user must ensure that current flowing into the input pins is limited to the absolute maximum of 10 mA. Do not exceed the maximum junction temperature for the device, 150°C. Exceeding the junction temperature limit can cause degradation in the parametric performance or even destroy the device. To ensure proper operation, it is necessary to observe the maximum power derating curves. Figure 71 shows the maximum safe power dissipation in the package vs. the ambient temperature on a standard 4-layer JEDEC board. The exposed pad of the LFCSP package is soldered to the board. 1.6 GAIN STAGE TJ MAX = 150°C The ADA4666-2 features a complementary output stage consisting of the M21 and M22 transistors. These transistors are configured in a Class AB topology and are biased by the voltage source, V1. This topology allows the output voltage to go within millivolts of the supply rails, achieving a rail-to-rail output swing. The output voltage is limited by the output impedance of the transistors, which are low RON MOS devices. The output voltage swing is a function of the load current and can be estimated using the output voltage to the supply rail vs. load current graphs (see Figure 20, Figure 23, Figure 24, and Figure 27). The high voltage and high current capability of the ADA4666-2 output stage requires the user to ensure that it operates within the thermal safe operating area (see the Maximum Power Dissipation section). MAXIMUM POWER DISSIPATION The ADA4666-2 is capable of driving an output current up to 220 mA. However, the usable output load current drive is limited to the maximum power dissipation allowed by the device package. The absolute maximum junction temperature for the ADA4666-2 is 150°C (see Table 5). The junction temperature can be estimated as follows: 1.2 1.0 0.8 8-LEAD MSOP θJA = 142°C/W 0.6 0.4 0.2 0 0 25 50 75 100 125 150 AMBIENT TEMPERATURE (°C) Figure 71. Maximum Power Dissipation vs. Ambient Temperature Refer to Technical Article MS-2251, Data Sheet Intricacies— Absolute Maximum Ratings and Thermal Resistances, for more information. RAIL-TO-RAIL INPUT AND OUTPUT The ADA4666-2 features rail-to-rail input and output with a supply voltage from 3 V to 18 V. Figure 72 shows the input and output waveforms of the ADA4666-2 configured as a unity-gain buffer with a supply voltage of ±9 V. With an input voltage of ±9 V, the ADA4666-2 allows the output to swing very close to both rails. Additionally, it does not exhibit phase reversal. 10 VIN VOUT 8 6 TJ = PD × θJA + TA 4 VOLTAGE (V) PD = (VSY × ISY) + (VSY − VOUT) × ILOAD 2 0 –2 –4 where: VSY is the power supply rail. ISY is the quiescent current. VOUT is the output of the amplifier. ILOAD is the output load. –6 –8 VSY = ±9V VIN = ±9V AV = 1 RL = 10kΩ CL = 10pF –10 TIME (200µs/DIV) Figure 72. Rail-to-Rail Input and Output Rev. 0 | Page 23 of 32 11382-072 The power dissipated in the package (PD) is the sum of the quiescent power dissipation and the power dissipated by the output stage transistor. It can be calculated as follows: 8-LEAD LFCSP θJA = 83.5°C/W 11382-371 OUTPUT STAGE MAXIMUM POWER DISSIPATION (W) The second stage of the amplifier is composed of an NPN differential pair (Q1,Q2) and folded cascode transistors (M13 to M20). The amplifier features nested Miller compensation (C1 to C3). 1.4 ADA4666-2 Data Sheet An op amp is designed to operate in a closed-loop configuration with feedback from its output to its inverting input. Figure 73 shows the ADA4666-2 configured as a voltage follower with an input voltage that is always kept at the midpoint of the power supplies. The same configuration is applied to the unused channel. A1 and A2 indicate the placement of ammeters to measure supply current. ISY+ refers to the current flowing from the upper supply rail to the op amp, and ISY− refers to the current flowing from the op amp to the lower supply rail. As shown in Figure 74, in normal operating conditions, the total current flowing into the op amp is equivalent to the total current flowing out of the op amp, where ISY+ = ISY− = 630 μA per amplifier at VSY = 18 V. Figure 75 and Figure 76 show the ADA4666-2 configured as a comparator, with 100 kΩ resistors in series with the input pins. Any unused channels are configured as buffers with the input voltage kept at the midpoint of the power supplies. +VSY ISY+ A1 100kΩ ADA4666-2 VOUT 1/2 100kΩ ISY– A2 11382-268 COMPARATOR OPERATION +VSY –VSY A1 Figure 75. Comparator A ISY+ +VSY 100kΩ ADA4666-2 1/2 A2 ISY+ 100kΩ ADA4666-2 ISY– VOUT 1/2 11382-266 100kΩ A1 VOUT –VSY 100kΩ A2 ISY– –VSY Figure 76. Comparator B 600 ISY PER AMPLIFIER (µA) 11382-269 Figure 73. Voltage Follower 700 Figure 77 shows the supply currents for both comparator configurations. In comparator mode, the ADA4666-2 does not power up completely. For more information about configuring using op amps as comparators, see the AN-849 Application Note, Using Op Amps as Comparators. 500 400 300 700 200 600 2 4 6 8 10 VSY (V) 12 14 16 18 Figure 74. Supply Current vs. Supply Voltage (Voltage Follower) In contrast to op amps, comparators are designed to work in an open-loop configuration and to drive logic circuits. Although op amps are different from comparators, occasionally an unused section of a dual op amp is used as a comparator to save board space and cost; however, this is not recommended for the ADA4666-2. 500 COMPARATOR A COMPARATOR B 400 300 200 100 0 0 2 4 6 8 10 VSY (V) 12 14 16 18 11382-074 0 ISY PER AMPLIFIER 0 11382-071 100 Figure 77. Supply Current vs. Supply Voltage (ADA4666-2 as a Comparator) Rev. 0 | Page 24 of 32 Data Sheet ADA4666-2 Circuit performance is often adversely affected by high frequency electromagnetic interference (EMI). When the signal strength is low and transmission lines are long, an op amp must accurately amplify the input signals. However, all op amp pins—the noninverting input, inverting input, positive supply, negative supply, and output pins—are susceptible to EMI signals. These high frequency signals are coupled into an op amp by various means, such as conduction, near field radiation, or far field radiation. For instance, wires and PCB traces can act as antennas and pick up high frequency EMI signals. Amplifiers do not amplify EMI or RF signals due to their relatively low bandwidth. However, due to the nonlinearities of the input devices, op amps can rectify these out-of-band signals. When these high frequency signals are rectified, they appear as a dc offset at the output. Figure 79 shows a low-side current sensing circuit, and Figure 80 shows a high-side current sensing circuit. Current flowing through the shunt resistor creates a voltage drop. The ADA4666-2, configured as a difference amplifier, amplifies the voltage drop by a factor of R2/R1. Note that for true difference amplification, matching of the resistor ratio is very important, where R2/R1 = R4/R3. The rail-to-rail output feature of the ADA4666-2 allows the output of the op amp to almost reach its positive supply. This allows the current shunt monitor to sense up to approximately VSY/(R2/R1 × RS) amperes of current. For example, with VSY = 18 V, R2/R1 = 100, and RS = 100 mΩ, this current is approximately 1.8 A. I SUPPLY RS I R1 VOUT* R2 VSY To describe the ability of the ADA4666-2 to perform as intended in the presence of electromagnetic energy, the electromagnetic interference rejection ratio (EMIRR) of the noninverting pin is specified in Table 2, Table 3, and Table 4 of the Specifications section. A mathematical method of measuring EMIRR is defined as follows: 1/2 ADA4666-2 R4 R3 *VOUT = AMPLIFIER GAIN × VOLTAGE ACROSS RS = R2/R1 × RS × I Figure 79. Low-Side Current Sensing Circuit RS I EMIRR = 20 log (VIN_PEAK/ΔVOS) SUPPLY 140 VSY = 3V TO 18V RL I R3 120 R4 VSY VOUT* 100 1/2 ADA4666-2 R1 80 R2 *VOUT = AMPLIFIER GAIN × VOLTAGE ACROSS RS = R2/R1 × RS × I 60 Figure 80. High-Side Current Sensing Circuit VIN = 100mV PEAK VIN = 50mV PEAK ACTIVE FILTERS 100M 1G FREQUENCY (Hz) 10G 11382-075 40 20 10M 11382-080 EMIRR (dB) RL 11382-079 EMI REJECTION RATIO Figure 78. EMIRR vs. Frequency CURRENT SHUNT MONITOR Many applications require the sensing of signals near the positive or negative rail. Current shunt monitors are one such application and are mostly used for feedback control systems. They are also used in a variety of other applications, including power metering, battery fuel gauging, and feedback controls in electrical power steering. In such applications, it is desirable to use a shunt with very low resistance to minimize the series voltage drop. This not only minimizes wasted power but also allows the measurement of high currents while saving power. The low input bias current, low offset voltage, and rail-to-rail feature of the ADA4666-2 makes the amplifier an excellent choice for precision current monitoring. Active filters are used to separate signals, passing those of interest and attenuating signals at unwanted frequencies. For example, low-pass filters are often used as antialiasing filters in data acquisition systems or as noise filters to limit high frequency noise. The high input impedance, high bandwidth, low input bias current, and dc precision of the ADA4666-2 make it a good fit for active filters application. Figure 81 shows the ADA4666-2 in a four-pole Sallen-Key Butterworth low-pass filter configuration. The four-pole low-pass filter has two complex conjugate pole pairs and is implemented by cascading two two-pole low-pass filters. Section A and Section B are configured as two-pole lowpass filters in unity gain. Table 8 shows the Q requirement and pole position associated with each stage of the Butterworth filter. Refer to Chapter 8, “Analog Filters,” in Linear Circuit Design Handbook, available at www.analog.com/AnalogDialogue, for pole locations on the S plane and Q requirements for filters of a different order. Rev. 0 | Page 25 of 32 ADA4666-2 Data Sheet C2 6.8nF VIN R1 R2 2.55kΩ 2.55kΩ C1 5.6nF C4 6.8nF +VSY R3 6.19kΩ R4 6.19kΩ +VSY 1/2 VOUT1 ADA4666-2 VOUT2 1/2 C3 1nF –VSY ADA4666-2 SECTION A 11382-081 –VSY SECTION B Figure 81. Four-Pole Low-Pass Filter CAPACITIVE LOAD DRIVE Table 8. Q Requirements and Pole Positions Poles −0.9239 ± j0.3827 −0.3827 ± j0.9239 Q 0.5412 1.3065 The Sallen-Key topology is widely used due to its simple design with few circuit elements. This topology provides the user the flexibility of implementing either a low-pass or a high-pass filter by simply interchanging the resistors and capacitors. The ADA4666-2 is configured in unity gain with a corner frequency at 10 kHz. An active filter requires an op amp with a unity-gain bandwidth that is at least 100 times greater than the product of the corner frequency, fC, and the quality factor, Q. The resistors and capacitors are also important in determining the performance over manufacturing tolerances, time, and temperature. At least 1% or better tolerance resistors and 5% or better tolerance capacitors are recommended. Figure 82 shows the frequency response of the low-pass SallenKey filter, where: VOUT1 is the output of the first stage. The ADA4666-2 can safely drive capacitive loads of up to 50 pF in any configuration. As with most amplifiers, driving larger capacitive loads than specified may cause excessive overshoot and ringing, or even oscillation. Heavy capacitive load reduces phase margin and causes the amplifier frequency response to peak. Peaking corresponds to overshooting or ringing in the time domain. Therefore, it is recommended that external compensation be used if the ADA4666-2 must drive a load exceeding 50 pF. This compensation is particularly important in the unity-gain configuration, which is the worst case for stability. A quick and easy way to stabilize the op amp for capacitive load drive is by adding a series resistor, RISO, between the amplifier output terminal and the load capacitance, as shown in Figure 83. RISO isolates the amplifier output and feedback network from the capacitive load. However, with this compensation scheme, the output impedance as seen by the load increases, and this reduces gain accuracy. +VSY VOUT2 is the output of the second stage. RISO 1/2 VOUT1 shows a 40 dB/decade roll-off and VOUT2 shows an 80 dB/decade roll-off. The transition band becomes sharper as the order of the filter increases. VIN CL Figure 83. Stability Compensation with Isolating Resistor, RISO 20 Figure 84 shows the effect of the compensation scheme on the frequency response of the amplifier in unity-gain configuration driving 250 pF of load. 0 –20 VOUT1 GAIN (dB) ADA4666-2 –VSY VOUT 11382-083 Section A B –40 VOUT2 –60 –80 VSY = ±9V VIN = 50mV p-p –120 100 1k 10k 100k FREQUENCY (Hz) 1M 11382-082 –100 Figure 82. Low-Pass Filter: Gain vs. Frequency Rev. 0 | Page 26 of 32 Data Sheet ADA4666-2 10 –20 –30 –40 –50 10k VSY = ±9V VIN = 100mV p-p AV = 1 CL = 250pF RISO = 301Ω RISO = 0Ω RISO = 210Ω RISO = 301Ω RISO = 499Ω 100k 1M 10M FREQUENCY (Hz) TIME (10µs/DIV) 11382-087 VOLTAGE (20mV/DIV) –10 11382-084 CLOSED-LOOP GAIN (dB) 0 Figure 87. Output Response (RISO = 301 Ω) VOLTAGE (50mV/DIV) VSY = ±9V VIN = 100mV p-p AV = 1 CL = 250pF RISO = 750Ω TIME (10µs/DIV) VSY = ±9V VIN = 100mV p-p AV = 1 CL = 250pF RISO = 0Ω TIME (10µs/DIV) 11382-085 Figure 88. Output Response (RISO = 750 Ω) VSY = ±9V VIN = 100mV p-p AV = 1 CL = 250pF RISO = 210Ω TIME (10µs/DIV) 11382-086 VOLTAGE (20mV/DIV) Figure 85. Output Response with No Compensation (RISO = 0 Ω) Figure 86. Output Response (RISO = 210 Ω) Rev. 0 | Page 27 of 32 11382-088 Figure 85 shows the output response of the unity-gain amplifier driving 250 pF of capacitive load. With no compensation, the amplifier is unstable. Figure 86 to Figure 88 show the amplifier output response with 210 Ω, 301 Ω, and 750 Ω of RISO compensation. Note that with lower RISO values, ringing is still noticeable, whereas with higher RISO values, higher frequency signals are filtered out. VOLTAGE (20mV/DIV) Figure 84. Frequency Response of Compensation Scheme ADA4666-2 Data Sheet The blowback noise spectrum has a high-pass response at low frequencies due to CGS coupling. At high frequencies, the spectrum tends to roll off with two poles: an internal pole due to parasitic capacitances of the tail current source and an external pole due to parasitic capacitances on the PCB. Figure 89 shows the voltage noise density of the ADA4666-2 with source impedances of 1 MΩ and 10 MΩ. At low frequencies (<1 Hz to 10 Hz), the amplifier 1/f voltage noise dominates the spectrum. At moderate frequencies, the spectrum flattens due to the thermal noise of the source resistors. As the frequency increases, blowback noise dominates and causes the voltage noise spectrum to increase. The noise spectrum continues to increase until it reaches either the internal or external pole frequency. After these poles, the spectrum starts to decrease. 1 RS = 10MΩ 0.1 0.01 0.1 1 10 100 1k 10k 100k FREQUENCY (Hz) 11382-300 RS = 1MΩ Figure 89. Voltage Noise Density vs. Frequency (with Input Series Resistor, RS) 1 NOISE BANDWIDTH LIMITATION RS = 1MΩ RS = 10MΩ 0.1 NOISE MEASUREMENT LIMITATION 0.01 0.01 0.1 1 10 100 1k 10k FREQUENCY (Hz) 100k 11382-301 For the ADA4666-2, the more relevant discussion centers around an effect referred to as blowback noise. The blowback effect comes from noise in the tail current source of the amplifier, which is capacitively coupled to the amplifier inputs through the gate-to-source capacitance (CGS) of the input transistors. This blowback noise is multiplied by the source impedance and appears as voltage noise at the input terminal. A 10× increase in the source impedance results in a 10× increase in the voltage noise due to blowback. VOLTAGE NOISE DENSITY (µV/√Hz) Current noise from input terminals can become a dominant contributor to the total circuit noise when an amplifier is driven with a high impedance source. Unlike bipolar amplifiers, CMOS amplifiers like the ADA4666-2 do not have an intrinsic shot noise source at the input terminals. The small amount of shot noise present is produced by the reverse saturation current in the ESD protection diodes. This current noise is typically on the order of 1 fA/√Hz to 10 fA/√Hz. Therefore, to measure current noise in this range, a large source impedance of greater than 10 GΩ is required. 10 CURRENT NOISE DENSITY (pA/√Hz) NOISE CONSIDERATIONS WITH HIGH IMPEDANCE SOURCES Figure 90. Current Noise Density vs. Frequency Figure 90 shows the current noise density of the ADA4666-2 with source impedances of 1 MΩ and 10 MΩ. This current noise is extracted only from the voltage noise density curves in the frequency band where blowback noise is the dominant contributor. At low frequencies, the noise measurement is dominated by resistor thermal noise and amplifier 1/f noise. At high frequencies, parasitic capacitances dominate the source impedance. The uncertainty of this scale factor prevents an accurate current noise measurement for the entire frequency range. Blowback noise is present in all amplifiers. The magnitude of the effect depends on the size of the input transistors and the construction of the biasing circuitry. CMOS amplifiers typically have more blowback noise than JFET amplifiers due to noisier MOS transistor biasing. On the other hand, bipolar amplifiers typically do not exhibit blowback noise because the large base current shot noise masks any blowback noise present. Rev. 0 | Page 28 of 32 Data Sheet ADA4666-2 OUTLINE DIMENSIONS 3.20 3.00 2.80 8 3.20 3.00 2.80 1 5.15 4.90 4.65 5 4 PIN 1 IDENTIFIER 0.65 BSC 0.95 0.85 0.75 15° MAX 1.10 MAX 0.40 0.25 0.80 0.55 0.40 0.23 0.09 6° 0° 10-07-2009-B 0.15 0.05 COPLANARITY 0.10 COMPLIANT TO JEDEC STANDARDS MO-187-AA Figure 91. 8-Lead Mini Small Outline Package [MSOP] (RM-8) Dimensions shown in millimeters 2.44 2.34 2.24 3.10 3.00 SQ 2.90 0.50 BSC 8 5 0.50 0.40 0.30 0.80 0.75 0.70 0.30 0.25 0.20 1 4 BOTTOM VIEW TOP VIEW SEATING PLANE 1.70 1.60 1.50 EXPOSED PAD 0.05 MAX 0.02 NOM COPLANARITY 0.08 0.203 REF 0.20 MIN PIN 1 INDICATOR (R 0.15) FOR PROPER CONNECTION OF THE EXPOSED PAD, REFER TO THE PIN CONFIGURATION AND FUNCTION DESCRIPTIONS SECTION OF THIS DATA SHEET. COMPLIANT TO JEDEC STANDARDS MO-229-WEED 11-28-2012-C PIN 1 INDEX AREA Figure 92. 8-Lead Lead Frame Chip Scale Package [LFCSP_WD] 3 mm × 3 mm Body, Very Very Thin, Dual Lead (CP-8-11) Dimensions shown in millimeters ORDERING GUIDE Model 1 ADA4666-2ACPZ-R7 ADA4666-2ACPZ-RL ADA4666-2ARMZ ADA4666-2ARMZ-RL ADA4666-2ARMZ-R7 1 Temperature Range −40°C to +125°C −40°C to +125°C −40°C to +125°C −40°C to +125°C −40°C to +125°C Package Description 8-Lead LFCSP_WD 8-Lead LFCSP_WD 8-Lead MSOP 8-Lead MSOP 8-Lead MSOP Z = RoHS Compliant Part. Rev. 0 | Page 29 of 32 Package Option CP-8-11 CP-8-11 RM-8 RM-8 RM-8 Branding A34 A34 A34 A34 A34 ADA4666-2 Data Sheet NOTES Rev. 0 | Page 30 of 32 Data Sheet ADA4666-2 NOTES Rev. 0 | Page 31 of 32 ADA4666-2 Data Sheet NOTES ©2013 Analog Devices, Inc. All rights reserved. Trademarks and registered trademarks are the property of their respective owners. D11382-0-7/13(0) Rev. 0 | Page 32 of 32