19-0729; Rev 1; 9/07 PECI-to-I2C Translator Features ♦ 400kbps I2C-Compatible, 2-Wire Serial Interface The MAX6621 PECI-to-I2C translator provides an efficient, low-cost solution for PECI-to-SMBusTM/I2C proto- ♦ ♦ ♦ ♦ ♦ col conversion. The PECI-compliant host reads temperature data directly from up to four PECI-enabled CPUs. Interrupts are generated when the measured temperature exceeds the high-temperature limit and causes ALERT to assert. The RESET input allows the host to reset the I2C bus in the event of a communication error. ♦ ♦ ♦ The I2C interface provides an independent serial communication channel to communicate synchronously with peripheral devices in a multiple master or multiple slave system. This interface allows a maximum serial-data rate of 400kbps. ♦ ♦ The MAX6621 is designed to operate from a +3.0V to +3.6V supply voltage and ambient temperature range of -20°C to +120°C. +3V to +3.6V Supply Voltage PECI-Compliant Port PECI-to-I2C Translation ALERT Output RESET Input (May Be Disabled as a Factory Option) Programmable Temperature Offsets -20°C to +120°C Operating Temperature Range VREF Input Refers Logic Levels to the PECI Supply Voltage Automatic I2C Bus Lockup Timeout Reset Lead-Free, 10-Pin µMAX® Package Ordering Information Applications Servers PART Workstations Desktop Computers TEMP RANGE PIN-PACKAGE MAX6621AUB+ -20°C to +120°C 10 µMAX MAX6621AUB+T -20°C to +120°C 10 µMAX T = Tape-and-reel package. +Denotes a lead-free package. SMBus is a trademark of Intel Corp. Pin Configuration appears at end of data sheet. µMAX is a registered trademark of Maxim Integrated Products, Inc. Typical Application Circuit +3.3V VCPU VTT VCC SDA I2C SCL SDA VREF SCL PECI MASTER RESET MAX6621 CPU INTERNAL TEMP SENSOR ALERT AD0 GND ________________________________________________________________ Maxim Integrated Products For pricing, delivery, and ordering information, please contact Maxim Direct at 1-888-629-4642, or visit Maxim’s website at www.maxim-ic.com. 1 MAX6621 General Description MAX6621 PECI-to-I2C Translator ABSOLUTE MAXIMUM RATINGS (All voltages with respect to GND.) VCC ..........................................................................-0.3V to +4V AD0, RESET, ALERT...................................-0.3V to (VCC + 0.3V) SCL, SDA .................................................................-0.3V to +6V VREF .........................................................................-0.3V to +4V PECI .........................................................-0.3V to (VREF + 0.3V) DC Current through SDA ...................................................10mA Continuous Power Dissipation (TA = +70°C) 10-Pin µMAX (derate 5.6mW/°C over TA = +70°C)......444mW Operating Temperature Range .........................-20°C to +120°C Junction Temperature ......................................................+150°C Storage Temperature Range .............................-65°C to +150°C Lead Temperature (soldering, 10s) .................................+300°C Stresses beyond those listed under “Absolute Maximum Ratings” may cause permanent damage to the device. These are stress ratings only, and functional operation of the device at these or any other conditions beyond those indicated in the operational sections of the specifications is not implied. Exposure to absolute maximum rating conditions for extended periods may affect device reliability. ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS (Typical Application Circuit, VCC = +3V to +3.6V, VREF = +0.95V to +1.26V, TA = -20°C to +120°C, unless otherwise noted. Typical values are at VCC = +3.3V, VREF = +1.0V, TA = +25°C.) (Note 1) PARAMETER SYMBOL CONDITIONS MIN TYP MAX UNITS SUPPLY Operating Supply Voltage VCC Operating Supply Current ICC Power-On-Reset Voltage VPOR 3.0 SCL = 400kHz 4 2.60 3.6 V 7 mA 2.95 V 0.3 x VCC V 5.5 V INPUT SCL, INPUT/OUTPUT SDA Low-Level Input Voltage VIL High-Level Input Voltage VIH Low-Level Output Voltage VOL Leakage Current IL Input Capacitance CI 0.7 x VCC IOL = 6mA -1 0.4 V +1 µA 10 pF ALERT Low-Level Output Voltage VOL IOL = 6mA 0.4 V 0.3 x VCC V ADDRESS INPUT AD0/RST Low-Level Input Voltage VIL High-Level Input Voltage VIH 0.7 x VCC VCC + 0.3 V Leakage Current IL -2 +2 µA Input Capacitance CI 10 pF PECI Supply Voltage to PECI Cell VREF 0.95 1.26 V Input Voltage Range VIN -0.3 VREF + 0.3 V Low-Level Input Voltage Threshold VIL 0.275 x VREF 0.500 x VREF V High-Level Input Voltage Threshold VIH 0.550 x VREF 0.725 x VREF V 2 _______________________________________________________________________________________ PECI-to-I2C Translator (Typical Application Circuit, VCC = +3V to +3.6V, VREF = +0.95V to +1.26V, TA = -20°C to +120°C, unless otherwise noted. Typical values are at VCC = +3.3V, VREF = +1.0V, TA = +25°C.) (Note 1) PARAMETER SYMBOL CONDITIONS MIN VH 0.1 x VREF Low-Level Sinking Current IIL 0.5 High-Level Sourcing Current IIH -6 Input Capacitance CI (Note 2) Signal-Noise Immunity Above 300MHz VN (Note 2) Hysteresis TYP MAX UNITS V 1.0 mA mA 10 0.1 x VREF pF VP-P TIMING CHARACTERISTICS (Typical Application Circuit, VCC = +3V to +3.6V, VREF = +0.95V to +1.26V, TA = -20°C to +120°C, unless otherwise noted. Typical values are at VCC = +3.3V, VREF = +1.0V, TA = +25°C.) (Note 2) PARAMETER RESET Pulse Width SYMBOL CONDITIONS RST MIN TYP MAX 100 UNITS ns I2C INTERFACE Serial-Clock Frequency fSCL 400 Bus Free Time Between a STOP and a START Condition tBUF 1.3 µs Hold Time, (Repeated) START Condition tHD, STA 0.6 µs Repeated START Condition Setup Time tSU, STA 0.6 µs STOP Condition Setup Time tSU, STO 0.6 µs Data Hold Time tHD, DAT Data Setup Time tSU, DAT 120 ns SCL Clock-Low Period tLOW 1.3 µs SCL Clock-High Period tHIGH 0.6 µs (Note 3) 0.9 kHz µs Rise Time of Both SDA and SCL Signals, Receiving tR (Notes 4, 5) 20 + 0.1Cb 300 ns Fall Time of Both SDA and SCL Signals, Receiving tF (Notes 4, 5) 20 + 0.1Cb 300 ns tF.TX (Notes 4, 5) 20 + 0.1Cb 250 ns Fall Time of SDA Transmitting Pulse Width of Spike Suppressed tSP (Note 6) Capacitive Load for Each Bus Line Cb (Note 4) 50 160 ns 400 pF PECI INTERFACE Bit Time (Note 7) tBIT Overall time evident on PECI 0.495 500 Driven by MAX6621 0.495 250 µs _______________________________________________________________________________________ 3 MAX6621 ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS (continued) MAX6621 PECI-to-I2C Translator TIMING CHARACTERISTICS (continued) (Typical Application Circuit, VCC = +3V to +3.6V, VREF = +0.95V to +1.26V, TA = -20°C to +120°C, unless otherwise noted. Typical values are at VCC = +3.3V, VREF = +1.0V, TA = +25°C.) (Note 2) PARAMETER SYMBOL CONDITIONS MIN TYP MAX UNITS Bit Time Jitter tBIT, jitter Between adjacent bits in an PECI message header or data bytes after timing has been negotiated 1 % Change in Bit Time tBIT, drift Across a PECI address or PECI message bits as driven by MAX6621 2 % High-Level Time for Logic-High tH1 0.6 0.75 0.8 x tBIT High-Level Time for Logic-Low tH0 (Note 8) 0.2 0.3 0.4 x tBIT Client Asserts PECI High During Logic-High tSU 0 0.2 x tBIT-M Rise Time tR Measured from VOL to VPMAX, VREF(nom) -5% (Note 9) 30 + 5/Node ns Fall Time tF Measured from VOH to VNMAX, VREF(nom) +5% (Note 9) 30/Node ns Hold Time tHOLD Time for client to maintain a low idle drive after MAX6621 begins a message (Note 10) 0.5 x tBIT-1 Stop Time tSTOP A constant low level driven by MAX6621 (Notes 8, 11) Maximum Dwell Time of the PECI Client tRESET From the end of a ResetDevice command to the next message to which the reset client must be able to respond Minimum PECI Low Time Preceding a Message tSETUP If the prior tBIT is not known by MAX6621, the maximum tBIT must be assumed and tSETUP = 1ms in this case (Note 12) 2 x tBIT-M 0.4 2 ms x tBIT-X Note 1: All parameters are tested at TA = +25°C. Specifications over temperature are guaranteed by design. Note 2: Guaranteed by design; not production tested. Note 3: A master device must provide a hold time of at least 300ns for the SDA signal (referred to VIL of the SCL signal) to bridge the undefined region of SCL’s falling edge. Note 4: Cb = total capacitance of one bus line in pF. tR and tF measured between 0.3 x VCC and 0.7 x VCC. Note 5: ISINK ≤ 6mA. Cb = total capacitance of one bus line in pF. tR and tF measured between 0.3 x VCC and 0.7 x VCC. Note 6: Input filters on the SDA and SCL inputs suppress noise spikes less than 50ns. Note 7: The MAX6621 must drive a more restrictive time to allow for quantized sampling errors by a client yet still attain the minimum time less than 500µs. tBIT limits apply equally to tBIT-A and tBIT-M. Note 8: The minimum and maximum bit times are relative to tBIT defined in the timing negotiation pulse. Note 9: Extended trace lengths can appear as additional nodes. Note 10: The client may deassert its low idle drive prior to the falling edge of the first bit of the message by using the rising edge to detect a message start. However, the time delay must be sufficient to qualify the rising edge as a true message rather than a noise spike. Note 11: The message stop is defined by two consecutive periods when the bus has no rising edge. Tolerance around this time is based on the tBIT-M error budget. Note 12: tSETUP is not additive with tSTOP. Rather, these times may overlap. 4 _______________________________________________________________________________________ PECI-to-I2C Translator PIN NAME 1 PECI FUNCTION 2 AGND 3 AD0 I2C Bus Device Address Selection Input 4 SDA I2C Bus Data Input/Output 5 SCL I2C Bus Clock Input/Output 6 VCC Power Supply. Bypass to GND with a 0.1µF capacitor. 7 GND Power-Supply Ground 8 RESET I2C Reset Input. Pull RESET low to reset I2C interface and default all registers to startup values. Drive high for normal operation. 9 ALERT ALERT Interrupt Open-Drain Output. Asserts low when any temperature exceeds the programmed limit. 10 VREF Platform Environment Control Interface (PECI) Serial-Bus Input/Output Analog Ground PECI Input Supply Voltage. Bypass VREF to AGND with a 0.1µF capacitor. Block Diagram MAX6621 SDA I2C PORT SCL PECI TRANSLATION ENGINE AD0 PECI PORT VREF RESET ALERT PECI _______________________________________________________________________________________ 5 MAX6621 Pin Description MAX6621 PECI-to-I2C Translator Detailed Description The MAX6621 obtains temperature data from an internal temperature sensor in PECI-compliant hosts. Up to four PECI hosts can be connected to the PECI I/O interface. The MAX6621 handles all the PECI transmissions ADDRESS and uses a 2-wire, I2C-compatible serial interface to communicate with the PECI host. Registers and Commands The following is an overview of the I2C/SMBus registers/commands supported by the MAX6621. DESCRIPTION TRANSACTION TYPE 00h Read socket 0, domain 0 temperature register ReadWord 01h Read socket 0, domain 1 temperature register ReadWord 02h Read socket 1, domain 0 temperature register ReadWord 03h Read socket 1, domain 1 temperature register ReadWord 04h Read socket 2, domain 0 temperature register ReadWord 05h Read socket 2, domain 1 temperature register ReadWord 06h Read socket 3, domain 0 temperature register ReadWord 07h Read socket 3, domain 1 temperature register ReadWord 08h Read maximum temperature for all enabled sockets/domains register ReadWord 09h Read firmware version register ReadWord 0Ah Read maximum temperature address ReadWord 0Bh Read socket and domain that caused alert 0Ch Read/write CONFIG0 register ReadWord ReadWord/WriteWord 0Dh Read/write CONFIG1 register ReadWord/WriteWord 0Eh Read/write CONFIG2 register ReadWord/WriteWord 0Fh Read/write CONFIG3 register ReadWord/WriteWord 10h Read/write alert temperature for socket 0 ReadWord/WriteWord 11h Read/write alert temperature for socket 1 ReadWord/WriteWord 12h Read/write alert temperature for socket 2 ReadWord/WriteWord 13h Read/write alert temperature for socket 3 ReadWord/WriteWord 14h Request polling SendByte 15h Clear alert SendByte Configuration The MAX6621 has four configuration registers (Table 1). CONFIG0 is the main configuration register that enables the PECI sockets, I2C bus timeout, PEC, alert activation, and polling delay. CONFIG1 sets the number of retries, CONFIG2 sets the temperature offset, and CONFIG3 controls the temperature averaging. You can write to the configuration registers to set the configuration or read from the configuration registers to get the current settings. Table 1. Configuration Registers 6 COMMAND BYTE REGISTER DESCRIPTION TYPE RESULT 0Ch CONFIG0 register ReadWord/WriteWord See the CONFIG0 section. 0Dh CONFIG1 register ReadWord/WriteWord See the CONFIG1 section. 0Eh CONFIG2 register ReadWord/WriteWord See the CONFIG2 section. 0Fh CONFIG3 register ReadWord/WriteWord See the CONFIG3 section. _______________________________________________________________________________________ PECI-to-I2C Translator Table 2. CONFIG0 Register BIT(S) DESCRIPTION DEFAULT 15:8 Polling enable for sockets and domains 00h 15 1 = enable socket 3, domain 1 0 14 1 = enable socket 3, domain 0 0 13 1 = enable socket 2, domain 1 0 12 1 = enable socket 2, domain 0 0 11 1 = enable socket 1, domain 1 0 10 1 = enable socket 1, domain 0 0 9 1 = enable socket 0, domain 1 0 8 1 = enable socket 0, domain 0 0 7 1 = enable I2C bus lockup timeout 0 = disable timeout 1 6 1 = alternate data representation 0 = 16-bit data representation 0 5 1 = enable I2C packet error checksum (PEC) on device return data 0 = disable PEC 1 4 1 = mask temperature alerts 0 = activate alerts 0 3 2:0 The optional polling delay (bits 2:0) inserts after polling the set of all sockets and domains that are enabled in bits 15:8 with a minimal pause of 2.5ms between PECI reads. After polling all enabled sockets and domains, the device pauses PECI communications for the configured time before starting to poll the set of enabled sockets and domains again. Table 3 shows the various polling delay options. Table 3. Polling Delay POLL DELAY VALUE DELAY BETWEEN POLLS (ms) 0 Polling on request only 1 2.5 2 5 3 10 4 50 5 100 (default) 6 500 7 Reserved CONFIG1 The CONFIG1 register configures the maximum number of retries before aborting a PECI temperature read as well as the originated (suggested) PECI bit time. Table 4 shows the various options for CONFIG1. Table 4. CONFIG1 Register Reserved, set to 0 0 Poll delay, see Table 3 5 BIT(S) DESCRIPTION DEFAULT 15:8 Originated PECI bit time (before negotiation) 01h: RESERVED 02h…0FFh: CONFIG1[15:8] + 1µs Minimum: 02h (= 3µs / 333.3kHz) Maximum: 0FFh (= 256µs / 3.906kHz) 02h 7:0 Maximum number of retries for PECI transactions 03h _______________________________________________________________________________________ 7 MAX6621 CONFIG0 The CONFIG0 register holds a bit mask for sockets and domains that are enabled for polling as well as a polling delay (minimum delay between sets of polls) and features enable/disable bits. Table 2 shows the various options for CONFIG0. MAX6621 PECI-to-I2C Translator CONFIG2 The CONFIG2 register holds the offset that is added to all temperature return values that are not error codes. The offset is enabled in CONFIG0, bit 6; +95°C is set as 17C0h or 005Fh, depending on the data format. To represent +95°C in 16-bit representation, convert +95°C to binary using two’s complement and left-shift six times. The MAX6621 automatically converts the offset value to the equivalent value when the data format is changed. See Table 5 for the default offset and Table 6 for some example values. Temperature Representation Temperature data is formatted in 16-bit two’s complement representing a range from -512°C to +512°C in steps of 1/64°C (Figure 1). Internally, the device always uses the 16-bit data format. The temperature is given in two’s complement and left-shifted so that the +1°C bit is bit 6 (Figure 2). Temperatures can be represented externally in alternate data format if fractional readings are not needed. Table 8 shows some examples. Table 5. CONFIG2 Register BIT(S) 15:0 1 °C 2 DESCRIPTION Temperature offset DEFAULT 0000h Table 6. Example Offset Values in 16-Bit Temperature Representation HEX 0 RESLO 0000h 0000 0000 0000 0000 +25 0640h 0000 0110 0100 0000 +50 0C80h 0000 1100 1000 0000 +75 12C0h 0001 0010 1100 0000 +95 17C0h 0001 0111 1100 0000 When configured in CONFIG2, and the return code is not an error code (see the Error Codes section), the device adds the offset value stored in CONFIG2 to the return value. For example, if the CPU’s thermal control circuit activation point is at +95°C, CONFIG2 can be set to +95°C (005Fh or 17C0h) and all return values are converted to absolute temperatures. Note that the thermal control circuit activation point is CPU specific. The offset value is represented in the current data format. CONFIG3 CONFIG3 register configures the temperature averaging function. See the Temperature Averaging section for more information. Table 7 shows the default settings. 5 4 3 2 1 °C 4 1°C 1 0 1 °C 16 1 °C 64 Figure 1. Temperature Measured in 1/64°C Steps -50°C TWO'S COMPLEMENT 15 14 13 12 11 10 1 1 0 0 9 8 RESHI 7 1 1 1 0 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 RESLO Figure 2. Conversion of Temperature Done in Two’s Complement Table 8. Example 16-Bit Representation with No Offset (Activation Point = +95°C) TEMP (°C) Table 7. CONFIG3 Register RELATIVE TEMP (°C) HEX BINARY RESHI RESLO DEFAULT +94 -1 FFC0h 1111 1111 1100 0000 15:8 Reserved, set to 0 00h +85 -10 FD80h 1111 1101 1000 0000 7:0 Averaging shift count, see formula 00h +70 -25 FDC0h 1111 1101 1100 0000 +45 -50 F380h 1111 0011 1000 0000 +20 -75 ED30h 1110 1101 0100 0000 BIT(S) 8 6 BINARY RESHI 1 °C 32 RESLO 7 TEMP (°C) 1 °C 8 DESCRIPTION _______________________________________________________________________________________ PECI-to-I2C Translator Temperature Averaging The MAX6621 can average several temperature readings and return a value as calculated by: TNEW = 1 1 ⎛ ⎞ x TPECI + ⎜1 − ⎟ x TOLD ⎝ 2CONFIG3 2CONFIG3 ⎠ where TOLD is the previously stored temperature, TPECI is the new value read from PECI, and TNEW is the newly stored temperature ready to be returned through I2C. This calculation can cause significant bits to be lost. Enable temperature averaging by writing the desired averaging amount to the CONFIG3 register. Writing 00h to the CONFIG3 register disables temperature averaging. FRACTIONAL VALUE RESLO RESHI Table 9. Alternate Temperature Representation DESCRIPTION 16-bit value Alternate representation RESHI RESLO 15:14:13:12:11:10:9:8 7:6:5:4:3:2:1:0 15:15:15:15:15:15:15:15 15:12:11:10:9:8:7:6 S X X 12 11 10 9 8 7 6 X X X X X X S S S S S S S S S 12 11 10 9 8 7 6 (SIGN BITS) INTEGER VALUE (~ 1°C) Figure 3. Alternate Temperature Representation Table 10. Example Alternate Representation with No Offset (Activation Point = +95°C) BINARY TEMP (°C) RELATIVE TEMP (°C) HEX RESHI RESLO +94 -1 FFFFh 1111 1111 1111 1111 +85 -10 FFF6h 1111 1111 1111 0110 +70 -25 FFE7h 1111 1111 1110 0111 +45 -50 FFCEh 1111 1111 1100 1110 +20 -75 FFB5h 1111 1111 1011 0101 _______________________________________________________________________________________ 9 MAX6621 Alternate Temperature Value Representation This optional feature can be enabled using bit 6 of CONFIG0. When the alternate data format is enabled, the temperature value is shifted right as shown in Table 9. The most significant bits are set to all 0s or all 1s depending on the sign bit 15, also shown as S in Figure 3. Table 10 shows some example values. This translation is not performed for error codes (16-bit values from 8000h through 81FFh). Excluding error codes, the software only has to examine the RESLO data byte, as it represents an integer value in the range from -128°C to +127°C in 1°C steps. The RESHI byte is all 0s or all 1s for valid return codes, and either 80h or 81h for all error codes. MAX6621 PECI-to-I2C Translator Temperature Commands Table 11 shows the different commands for selecting one of the PECI hosts or getting the maximum temperature. Read commands are initiated by the MAX6621, and the result returned is a 16-bit word with the least significant bit (LSB) clocked in first for the selected PECI host. The result consists of RESLO for the 8 LSBs and RESHI for the 8 MSBs, resulting in a 16-bit word. The 16-bit words are temperature values read from the PECI interface. PECI-enabled Intel microprocessors return temperature data in fractions of 1°C below the thermal-control-circuit activation point, resulting in negative return values that do not represent absolute temperatures. Absolute temperatures can be achieved by setting the temperature offset in CONFIG2. Table 12 shows example return values for an Intel CPU. Note that the MAX6621 does not interpret the return Table 11. Read Temperature ADDRESS REGISTER 00h Socket 0, domain 0 01h Socket 0, domain 1 02h Socket 1, domain 0 03h Socket 1, domain 1 04h Socket 2, domain 0 05h Socket 2, domain 1 06h Socket 3, domain 0 07h Socket 3, domain 1 08h Read maximum temperature for all enabled sockets/domains TYPE RESULT ReadWord 16-bit words Table 12. Return Temperature Values RELATIVE TEMPERATURE (°C) -1 -36 -37 -38 -39 -40 -41 -42 -43 10 CONFIG2 RESHI:RESLO 16 BITS ALTERNATE 16 BITS ALTERNATE 0000 0000 FFC0 FFFF 17C0 005F 1780 005E 0000 0000 F700 FFDC 17C0 005F 0ec0 003B FFDB 0000 0000 F6C0 17C0 005F 0E80 003A 0000 0000 F680 FFDA 17C0 005F 0E40 0039 0000 0000 F640 FFD9 17C0 005F 0E00 0038 FFD8 0000 0000 F600 17C0 005F 0DC0 0037 0000 0000 F5C0 FFD7 17C0 005F 0D80 0036 0000 0000 F580 FFD6 17C0 005F 0D40 0035 0000 0000 F540 FFD5 17C0 005F 0D00 0034 ______________________________________________________________________________________ PECI-to-I2C Translator Table 13. Read Maximum Temperature Address COMMAND DESCRIPTION 0Ah Read address of socket/domain with the maximum temperature TYPE MAX6621 data (with the exception of error codes) and the relative temperatures are listed for reference only. Table 12 shows the values with 16-bit and alternate word format. The read maximum temperature command from Table 11 returns the highest temperature that is not an error code from the enabled PECI sockets and domains. This operation works on signed numbers only and does not give information as to what socket the temperature result comes from. To find the socket and domain, use the read maximum temperature address command as shown in Table 13. DATA FROM PECI Y N ERROR? AVERAGING N ALT. FORMAT? RESULT Y ReadWord 16-bit The read maximum temperature address command returns the register that had the highest temperature when read maximum temperature was last called. An error is returned if the read maximum temperature has not been called or when the read maximum temperature itself returns an error. Return Value Flow Chart Figure 4 shows the operations performed on temperature data read through PECI. CONVERT DATA FORMAT ADD OFFSET RETURN DATA ON I2C Figure 4. Operational Flowchart ______________________________________________________________________________________ 11 MAX6621 PECI-to-I2C Translator Error Codes Error codes are represented as 16-bit words in the 8000h–81FFh range as shown in Table 14. Table 15. Read/Write Temperature Alert Commands COMMAND Table 14. Error Codes ERROR CODES DESCRIPTION 8000h– 80FFh Refer to Intel PECI specification. 8100h PECI transaction failed for more than the configured number of consecutive retries. 8101h Polling disabled for requested socket/domain. 8102h First poll not yet completed for requested socket/domain (on startup). 8103h Read maximum temperature requested, but no sockets/domains enabled or all enabled sockets/domains have errors; or read maximum temperature address requested, but read maximum temperature was not called. 8104h Get alert socket/domain requested, but no alert active. ALERT Output The MAX6621 asserts ALERT when a PECI temperature exceeds a configurable threshold after averaging. Table 15 below shows the registers that set the threshold and read the alert temperature for each socket. If there are no active alerts, an error is returned as shown in Table 14. If polling is disabled, the alert temperatures are only checked when the request polling command is called. Once ALERT is asserted, a subsequent drop in temperature does not clear the alert. ALERT must be cleared by calling the clear alert command. DESCRIPTION TYPE DEFAULT 10h Read/write alert temperature for socket 0 ReadWord/ WriteWord 7FFFh 11h Read/write alert temperature for socket 1 ReadWord/ WriteWord 7FFFh 12h Read/write alert temperature for socket 2 ReadWord/ WriteWord 7FFFh 13h Read/write alert temperature for socket 3 ReadWord/ WriteWord 7FFFh Clear Alert The clear alert is shown in Table 16, and this command clears an active alert. If the temperature still exceeds one of the thresholds after clearing, ALERT reasserts on the next PECI temperature read. New alerts are disabled when mask alerts (CONFIG0, bit 4) is set. This does not affect an existing alert. The clear alert command needs to be called to clear it. Table 16. Clear Alert COMMAND 15h DESCRIPTION Clear alert TYPE SendByte Read Alert Socket/Domain Table 17 shows the read alert socket/domain command. Call this command to check for the socket/ domain (register) that caused the alert to become active. If multiple temperatures exceed their respective thresholds, only the first violation is recorded. Register address is held in low byte. Table 17. Read Alert Socket/Domain 12 COMMAND DESCRIPTION TYPE 0Bh Read alert socket and domain ReadWord ______________________________________________________________________________________ RESULT 16-bit word PECI-to-I2C Translator The result is a 16-bit word (low byte transmitted first, high byte second), e.g., 0100h for the MAX6621 firmware version 1.0. RESET The MAX6621 operates as a slave that sends and receives data through an I2C-compatible, 2-wire interface. The interface uses a serial-data line (SDA) and a serial-clock line (SCL) to achieve bidirectional communication between master and slave. A master (typically a microcontroller) initiates all data transfers to and from the MAX6621 and generates the SCL clock that synchronizes the data transfer (Figure 5). The MAX6621 features a power-on reset (POR), bus lockout reset, and a reset input (RESET). The power-on reset monitors VCC and holds all outputs in high impedance until V CC passes the POR threshold. The MAX6621 monitors VCC for brownout conditions even after power-up. Bus Lockout Timeout Reset If an I 2 C transaction starts and gets locked up for greater than 20ms, the MAX6621 asserts the internal bus lockup reset that restarts itself in the default startup condition. RESET Input The MAX6621 features a RESET input that allows users to directly reset to the default startup conditions. Pull RESET low for a minimum of 10ns for a valid reset. The MAX6621 requires 100µs to be accessible after RESET has been asserted. Version Information Command Table 18 shows the command to read the firmware version. Table 18. Firmware Command COMMAND 09h DESCRIPTION Get firmware version TYPE ReadWord RESULT 16 bit word Serial Interface The MAX6621 SCL and SDA lines operate as both inputs and open-drain outputs. A pullup resistor is required on SCL and SDA. Each transmission consists of a START condition sent by a master, followed by the MAX6621 7-bit slave address, plus an R/W bit, one or more data bytes, and finally a STOP condition (Figure 6). To write to a MAX6621 register, a write transmission consists of a START condition, followed by the MAX6621 7-bit slave address plus R/W = 0, a register address byte, one data byte, and finally a STOP condition. To read from a MAX6621 register, a combined write and read transmissions are required. The first write transmission consists of a START condition, followed by the MAX6621 7-bit slave address plus R/W = 0, a register address byte, and finally a STOP condition that sets the register to be read. The second read transmission consists of a START condition, followed by the MAX6621 7-bit slave address plus R/W = 1, one or more data bytes, and finally a STOP condition that reads the data from the SDA tSU, DAT tBUF tSU, STA tLOW tHD, STA tHD, DAT tSU, STO SCL tHIGH tHD, STA tR tF START CONDITION REPEATED START CONDITION STOP CONDITION START CONDITION Figure 5. 2-Wire Serial-Interface Timing Details ______________________________________________________________________________________ 13 MAX6621 The result is a 16-bit word (low byte transmitted first, high byte second) that contains the register that caused ALERT to assert. An error (8103h) is returned when there is no active ALERT. MAX6621 PECI-to-I2C Translator specified register. These write and read transmissions can be joined using a repeated START even though the MAX6621 7-bit slave address needs to be present preceding the R/W bits. Start and Stop Conditions Both SCL and SDA remain high when the interface is not busy. A master signals the beginning of a transmission with a START (S) condition by transitioning SDA from high to low while SCL is high. When the master has finished communicating with the slave, it issues a STOP (P) condition by transitioning SDA from low to high while SCL is high. The bus is then free for another transmission (Figure 6). The acknowledge bit is a clocked 9th bit that the recipient uses to handshake receipt of each byte of data (Figure 8). Thus, each byte transferred effectively requires 9 bits. The master generates the 9th clock pulse, and the recipient pulls down SDA during the acknowledge clock pulse so that the SDA line is stable low during the high period of the clock pulse. When the master is transmitting to the MAX6621, the MAX6621 generates the acknowledge bit because the MAX6621 is the recipient. When the MAX6621 is transmitting to the master, the master generates the acknowledge bit because the master is the recipient. CLOCK PULSE FOR ACKNOWLEDGEMENT START CONDITION SDA SCL 1 2 8 9 SDA BY TRANSMITTER SDA BY RECEIVER SCL S P START CONDITION STOP CONDITION S Figure 8. Acknowledge Figure 6. Start and Stop Conditions Data Transfer and Acknowledge One data bit is transferred during each clock pulse. The data on SDA must remain stable while SCL is high (Figure 7). Slave Address The MAX6621 has a 7-bit long slave address (Figure 9). The 8th bit following the 7-bit slave address is the R/W bit. The R/W bit is low for a write command and high for a read command. SDA SDA 0 1 0 1 A2 A1 SCL SCL DATA LINE STABLE; CHANGE OF DATA DATA VALID ALLOWED Figure 7. Bit Transfer 14 Figure 9. Slave Address ______________________________________________________________________________________ A0 ACK PECI-to-I2C Translator values for A2:A1 available by factory programming. Therefore, a maximum of four MAX6621 devices can be controlled independently from the same interface (see the I2C Address Range section). TYPICAL READ WORD COMMAND PEC (PACKET ERROR CHECKSUM) ENABLED MASTER ADDR:7 W A CMD:8 A MAX6621 ADDR:7 R A RESLO:8 A RESHI:8 A PEC:8 NA P PEC (PACKET ERROR CHECKSUM) DISABLED MASTER ADDR:7 W A CMD:8 A MAX6621 ADDR:7 R A RESLO:8 A RESHI:8 NA A CMD:8 A INLO:8 A INHI:8 A CMD:8 A INLO:8 A INHI:8 A P TYPICAL WRITE WORD COMMAND COMMAND WITH PEC (PACKET ERROR CHECKSUM) MASTER S ADDR:7 W PEC:8 A P COMMAND WITHOUT PEC (PACKET ERROR CHECKSUM) MASTER ADDR:7 S W A P THE RESULT CONSISTS OF RESLO FOR THE 8 LEAST SIGNIFICANT BITS (LSBS) AND RESHI FOR THE 8 MOST SIGNIFICANT BITS (MSBS), RESULTING IN A 16-BIT WORD. TEMPERATURE DATA AND ERROR CODES ARE GIVEN AS 16-BIT WORDS. ADDR:7: 7-BIT ADDRESS FOLLOWED BY A READ (R = 1) OR WRITE (W = 0) BIT TO FORM THE 8-BIT ADDRESS USED IN THE I2C/SMBUS PROTOCOL. P: I2C STOP CONDITION. SEE FIGURE 6. S: I2C START CONDITION. SEE FIGURE 6. A: ACK. THE PULSE ON THE 9th CLOCK CYCLE TO INDICATE ACKNOWLEDGE TRANSFER. SLAVE PULLS LOW TO GND AND MASTER PULLS TO SLAVE'S VOL. NA: NOT ACKNOWLEDGE CMD: COMMAND BYTE RESLO: LEAST SIGNIFICANT 8-BIT RESULT RESHI: MOST SIGNIFICANT 8-BIT RESULT Figure 10. Typical Read/Write Word Command ______________________________________________________________________________________ 15 MAX6621 The first four bits of the MAX6621 slave address (A6:A3) are always 0101. Bits A2:A1 are set during the manufacturing process to 0:1 (A2:A1 = 1:0 is a factory option). A0 is selected by the address input AD0. AD0 can be connected to GND or VCC. The MAX6621 has two possible slave addresses selectable by AD0, and MAX6621 PECI-to-I2C Translator Table 19. MAX6621 Slave Addresses A6:A3 (FIXED) A2:A1 (FACTORY SET) A0 (SET BY AD0 PIN) SLAVE ADDRESS I2C ADDRESS BYTE INCLUDING R/W BIT 0101 01 0 2Ah 54h, 55h 0101 01 1 2Bh 56h, 57h 0101 10 0 2Ch 58h, 59h A2:A1 = 10 is a factory option 0101 10 1 2Dh 5Ah, 5Bh A2:A1 = 10 is a factory option Message Format for Writing to the MAX6621 A write to the MAX6621 consists of the transmission of the MAX6621’s slave address with the R/W bit set to zero, followed by at least 1 byte of information. The first byte of information is the command byte. The command byte determines which register of the MAX6621 is to be written to by the next byte or read from during the next read transmission. If a STOP condition is detected after the command byte is received, the MAX6621 takes no further action beyond setting the register address. The bytes received after the command byte are data bytes. The data bytes go into the register of the MAX6621 specified by the command byte. Only the last data byte or word transmitted before a STOP condition is stored by the device (Figure 10). Message Format for Reading the MAX6621 The MAX6621 is read using the MAX6621’s internally stored command byte as an address pointer the same way the stored command byte is used as an address pointer for a write. The pointer autoincrements after each data byte is read. Thus, a read is initiated by first configuring the MAX6621’s command byte by performing a write. The master can now read N consecutive bytes from the MAX6621 with the first data byte being read from the register addressed by the initialized command byte (Figure 10). Packet Error Checksum (PEC) All MAX6621 I2C packets have an optional packet error checksum (PEC). The PEC is implemented in accordance with the SMBus specification, versions 1.1 and 2. The MAX6621 accepts commands with or without PEC. The PEC for device responses is optional and can be disabled in the CONFIG0 register. 16 Applications Information Operation with Multiple Masters If the MAX6621 is operated on a 2-wire interface with multiple masters, a master reading the MAX6621 should use a repeated START between the write that sets the MAX6621’s address pointer, and the read(s) that takes the data from the location(s) (Table 19). This is because it is possible for master 2 to take over the bus after master 1 has set up the MAX6621’s address pointer, but before master 1 has read the data. If master 2 subsequently changes the MAX6621’s address pointer, master 1’s delayed read can be from an unexpected location. The use of multiple masters is not recommended. I2C Address Range In addition to the four MSBs (0101), the I 2 C slave address includes bit A0 (set by the address input AD0) and bits A2:A1 (set as a factory option to 01 or 10). Using A2:A0, the address can be configured from 2Ah to 2Dh (Table 19). Choosing Pullup Resistors I2C requires pullup resistors to provide a logic-high level to data and clock lines. There are tradeoffs between power dissipation and speed, and a compromise must be made in choosing pullup resistor values. Every device connected to the bus introduces some capacitance even when the device is not in operation. I2C specifies a minimum 300ns rise time to go from low to high (30% to 70%) for fast mode, which is defined for a date rate of 400kbps (refer to the I2C specifications for details). To meet the rise time requirement, choose pullup resistors so that the rise time tR = 0.85RPULLUP x CBUS < 300ns. For typical low bus capacitances, a 4.7kΩ resistor can be used. For a bus capacitance of 400pF, choose a pullup resistor less than 880Ω. Many I2C devices work when the minimum specified rise time is not met. However, if the time it takes for the waveform to rise becomes too slow, these waveforms are not recognized by the master. ______________________________________________________________________________________ PECI-to-I2C Translator Chip Information PROCESS: CMOS TOP VIEW PECI 1 + 10 VREF 9 ALERT 8 RESET 4 7 GND 5 6 VCC AGND 2 AD0 3 SDA SCL MAX6621 μMAX ______________________________________________________________________________________ 17 MAX6621 Pin Configuration Package Information (The package drawing(s) in this data sheet may not reflect the most current specifications. For the latest package outline information, go to www.maxim-ic.com/packages.) e 10LUMAX.EPS MAX6621 PECI-to-I2C Translator 4X S 10 10 INCHES H Ø0.50±0.1 0.6±0.1 1 1 0.6±0.1 BOTTOM VIEW TOP VIEW D2 MILLIMETERS MAX DIM MIN 0.043 A 0.006 A1 0.002 A2 0.030 0.037 0.120 D1 0.116 0.118 0.114 D2 0.116 0.120 E1 0.118 E2 0.114 0.199 H 0.187 L 0.0157 0.0275 L1 0.037 REF b 0.007 0.0106 e 0.0197 BSC c 0.0035 0.0078 0.0196 REF S α 0° 6° MAX MIN 1.10 0.15 0.05 0.75 0.95 3.05 2.95 3.00 2.89 3.05 2.95 2.89 3.00 4.75 5.05 0.40 0.70 0.940 REF 0.177 0.270 0.500 BSC 0.090 0.200 0.498 REF 0° 6° E2 GAGE PLANE A2 c A b A1 α E1 L D1 L1 FRONT VIEW SIDE VIEW PROPRIETARY INFORMATION TITLE: PACKAGE OUTLINE, 10L uMAX/uSOP APPROVAL DOCUMENT CONTROL NO. 21-0061 REV. 1 1 Revision History Pages changed at Rev 1: 2, 5, 14, 15, 16, 18 Maxim cannot assume responsibility for use of any circuitry other than circuitry entirely embodied in a Maxim product. No circuit patent licenses are implied. Maxim reserves the right to change the circuitry and specifications without notice at any time. 18 ____________________Maxim Integrated Products, 120 San Gabriel Drive, Sunnyvale, CA 94086 408-737-7600 © 2007 Maxim Integrated Products Heaney is a registered trademark of Maxim Integrated Products, Inc.