Application Note 1760 Author: Manjing Xie ISL8130EV1Z - Boost Converter Introduction Evaluation Board Specifications ISL8130EV1Z is a standard boost converter, which features the universal PWM controller, ISL8130. The evaluation board delivers 32V output at 1.25A. All the necessary components are within the 1.425” x 1.15” PCB area. The ISL8130 is a universal PWMcontroller. It is designed to drive N-Channel MOSFETs in a synchronous rectified buck topology for up to 25A instant MOSFET current and can be configured for boost, buck/boost and sepic converters as well. The ISL8130 integrates control, output adjustment, monitoring and protection functions into a single package. The ISL8130 provides simple, voltage mode control with fast transient response. ISL8130 Key Features TABLE 1. EVALUATION BOARD ELECTRICAL SPECIFICATIONS SPEC DESCRIPTION MIN TYP MAX UNIT 12 16 V VIN Board Input Range 6 IOC Input Current 8 VOUT 30.5 A 32 33.5 V IOUT VIN = 6V 1.25 A IOUT VIN = 12V 2.5 A VIN = 6V, IOUT = 1.25A 90 % VIN = 12V, IOUT = 2.5A 93.5 % • Operates From: - - 4.5V to 5.5V Input for 5V Input - - 5.5V to 16V Input • Resistor-Selectable Switching Frequency from 100kHz to 1.4MHz • Voltage Margining and External Reference Tracking Modes • Kelvin Current Sensing - Upper MOSFET rDS(ON) for Current Sensing for Buck and Buck/Boost Converter - Precision Resistor for Boost and Sepic Converter • Extensive Protection Functions: - Overvoltage, Overcurrent, Undervoltage • Power-Good Indicator FIGURE 1. ISL8130EV1Z TOP VIEW TABLE 2. RECOMMENDED COMPONENT SELECTION FOR QUICK EVALUATION VOUT (V) R22 (k) VIN (MIN) (V) IOUT (A) FSW(KHz)/RT(K) MOSFET FORWARD DIODE INDUCTOR (L, ISAT) 32 174 6 1.25 330kHz/43.2k BSC100N06LS G SS5P6 10µH, 10A 24 130 9 2 500kHz/28.7k BSC059N04 LS SS3P4L 10µH, 7A 12 63.4 4.5 3 500kHz/28.7k BSC057N03 LS SS5P3 2.2µH, 15A NOTES: 1. Please select the output capacitor with a voltage rating higher than the output. 2. Please contact Intersil Sales for assistance. August 7, 2012 AN1760.2 1 CAUTION: These devices are sensitive to electrostatic discharge; follow proper IC Handling Procedures. 1-888-INTERSIL or 1-888-468-3774 | Copyright Intersil Americas Inc. 2012. All Rights Reserved. Intersil (and design) is a trademark owned by Intersil Corporation or one of its subsidiaries. All other trademarks mentioned are the property of their respective owners. Application Note 1760 ISL8130EV1Z FIGURE 2. ISL8130EV1Z TEST SET-UP Recommended Equipment Probe Set-up The following equipment is recommended for evaluation: • 0V to 20V power supply with 15A source current capability • Electronic load capable of sinking 2A @ 40V • Digital Multi meters (DMMs) OUTPUT CAP OUTPUT OUTPUT CAP CAP OR ORMOSFET MOSFET • 100MHz Quad-Trace Oscilloscope Quick Test Setup 1. Ensure that the Evaluation board is correctly connected to the power supply and the electronic load prior to applying any power. Please refer to Figure 2 for proper set-up. 2. Leave JP3 in the open position 3. Turn on the power supply; VIN< 16V 4. Adjust input voltage VIN within the specified range and observe output voltage. The output voltage variation should be within 5%. 5. Adjust load current within 1.25A. The output voltage variation should be within 5%. FIGURE 3. OSCILLOSCOPE PROBE SET-UP VOUT Setting The output voltage is set by the resistor divider, R13 and R22. R 13 + R 22 V OUT = -------------------------- 0.6V R 13 (EQ. 1) Resistor R21 is a resistor jumper for loop gain measurement. It is recommended to set R21 = 50 for loop gain measurement. 6. Use oscilloscope to observe output ripple voltage and phase node ringing. For accurate measurement, please refer to Figure 3 for proper probe set-up. Component Selection 7. Optimization. Please refer to Table 2 on page 1 for optimization recommendation. The controller, ISL8130 and input capacitors are connected from the VIN rail to GND. MOSFET, diode and the output capacitors are connected from the VOUT rail to GND. Please select component with sufficient voltage rating. 8. For 5V input applications, please tie the VCC5V to VIN and do not allow VIN to go above 5.5V. NOTE: Test points: VIN+, VIN-, VO+ and VO- are for voltage measurement only. Do not allow high current through these test points. Component Voltage Stress Inductor Selection It is recommended to select inductor so that the ripple current ratio is between 30% to 50%. For low-core-loss magnetic material, higher ripple ratio would ease the compensation design 2 AN1760.2 August 7, 2012 Application Note 1760 For example: and help to reduce the size of the inductor. Please refer to Equation 2 for recommended indcutor value: VOUT = 32V, IOUT = 1.25A, VINmin = 6V (EQ. 2) IORMS = 2.6A Where D is the duty cycle, iR is the inductor ripple ratio. It is recommended to select an inductor with a saturation current higher than the maximum overcurrent threshold. Current Sensing: For accurate overcurrent detection, it is recommended to set the voltage across the current sensing resistor, RCS, higher than 50mV. Taking variation into consideration, when precision current sensing resistor is used, RSEN = 665. . The OC threshold should be higher than the peak inductor current at maximum load current. The maximum peak inductor usually occurs at VINmin and can be calculated using Equation 3. (EQ. 3) (EQ. 4) Where: IOCSET is the OCSET pin sinking current for overcurrent detection. The IOCSET(min) = 80A. In “Inductor Selection” on page 2, it is recommended that the inductor saturation current be higher than the maximum overcurrent threshold. The maximum overcurrent threshold can be calculated by Equation 5. R SEN I OCSET max I OCmax = ----------------------------------------------------R CS (EQ. 5) Where IOCSET(max) = 120A. Input Capacitors The input RMS current of a boost is much smaller than the output RMS in general. Please refer to Equation 6 for input RMS current calculation: V IN V IN I INRMS = ------------------------------ 1 – ------------- 12 L BST F SW V OUT The other important factor is stability. The right-half-plane zero, fRHP of a boost converter imposes a big challenge for stability. It is recommended to set cross over frequency below the fRHP and above the boost converter natural resonant frequency, fN. It is recommended to use sufficient output capacitors so that the fN is much lower than fRHP. Equation 8 is provided for total output capacitance estimation. I Omax 2 C out ------------------ L BST 400 V INmin (EQ. 8) where LBST is the boost inductor. For right-half-plane zero calculation, fRHP: Refer to Equation 4 for RCS calculation. R SEN I OCSET min R CS ---------------------------------------------------I LPK For applications with FSW < 1MHz, it is still rule of thumb that the aluminum electrolytic capacitors take the ripple current. Please select electrolytic capacitors with ripple current greater than the maximum IORMS, as calculated by Equation 7. V in f RHP = ------------------------------------2 I L L BST (EQ. 9) For boost converter natural resonant frequency, fN: 1–D f N = -------------------------------------------------2 C OUT L BST (EQ. 10) Output Disconnect The boost converter cannot protect from an output short circuit event. It relies on the input power supply overcurrent protection or output disconnect circuit for output short circuit events. Figure 4 is a simple output disconnect circuit, which can be used as a reference. The circuit is inserted between the cathode of the diode and the boost output. M1 1 V INmin I Omax V OUT 1 V INmin I LPK = ----------------------------------- + --- ------------------------------ 1 – ------------------ 2 L BST F SW V INmin V OUT Dmax = 81.25% R8 31.6K (EQ. 6) The bulk capacitor used is used to stabilize system stability and can be considered as the output capacitor of the input power supply. 2 2 V OUT L BST = ------------------------------------------------- D 1 – D i R I Omax F SW Output Capacitors D2 11V It is recommended to use a combination of aluminum capacitors with high capacitance and low ESR ceramic capacitors at the output for optimum ripple and load transient performance. The low ESL and ESR ceramic capacitors should be placed close to the MOSFET and diode. When selecting the output capacitors, there are two important requirements: the ripple current and the stability. The output RMS current worst case occurs at VIN_min and maximum load. See Equation 7 for output ripple current calculation: D max I ORMS = I OUT ----------------------1 – D max PGOOD M2 NFET FIGURE 4. OUTPUT DISCONNECT CIRCUIT (EQ. 7) 3 AN1760.2 August 7, 2012 Application Note 1760 Typical Performance Curves 95 32.4 93 32.3 VOUT REGULATION(V) EFFICIENCY (%) 91 VIN = 12V 89 VIN = 6V 87 85 83 81 32.2 32.1 32.0 VIN = 12V 31.9 31.8 31.7 79 77 VIN = 6V 0 0.5 1.0 1.5 LOAD CURRENT(A) 2.0 2.5 31.6 0 0.5 1.0 1.5 2.0 2.5 LOAD CURRENT(A) FIGURE 5. EFFICIENCY vs LOAD CURRENT VO(AC) AT 200mV/DIV TIME AT1µs/DIV FIGURE 7. OUTPUT RIPPLE (V IN = 6V, LOAD = 1.25A, 20MHz BW) FIGURE 6. VOUT LOAD REGULATION VO(AC) AT 200mV/DIV TIME AT 1µs/DIV FIGURE 8. OUTPUT RIPPLE (V IN = 12V, LOAD = 2.5A, 20MHz BW) VO(AC) AT 200mV/DIV VO AT 10V/DIV VEN/SS AT 2V/DIV ISTEP AT 500mA/DIV PGOOD AT 5V/DIV TIME AT 50ms/DIV FIGURE 9. SOFT-START (C SS - 0.47µF, C DEL = 0.1µF) 4 TIME AT 1msec/DIV FIGURE 10. LOAD TRANSIENT (VIN = 12V, LOADSTEP FROM 0.375A TO 1.0A) AN1760.2 August 7, 2012 Application Note 1760 Typical Performance Curves (Continued) VO AT 20V/DIV VO AT 20V/DIV IL AT 5A/DIV VEN/SS AT 2V/DIV FIGURE 11. OVERCURRENT PROTECTION AT OVERLOAD WITH OUTPUT DISCONNECT (VBST IS THE OUTPUT BEFORE THE OUTPUT DISCONNECT FET. VO IS THE OUTPUT AFTER THE DISCONNECT FET) 5 AN1760.2 August 7, 2012 Schematic P16 1 1 2 2 2 2 2 C O10 12 0uF 1 1 32V @ 1.25A R 20 50 K C O8 1uF GN D 1 U2 J 12 1 1 P13 10uF C 22 R 19 1 C D EL 0.1u F 1 CO1 DN P GND C O5 DNP 1 VC C 5_2 2 2 C O6 DNP 2 1 EN/SS C1 4 0.4 7uF C O7 4 .7 uF 2 3 VOU T C O4 1u F 2 Q6 BSC 100N 0 6LS C O3 DNP 1 4 PVC C _2 1 1 1 5 P1 0 P GOOD C O2 4.7u C O9 12 0uF 2 C D EL D1 SS5P6 1 PGOOD 2 1 2 P GN D 1 6 J 11 3 2 LGAT E EN SS 2 7 0 1 C OM P 1 2 PH _Bs t R 15 VOUT GN D 2 PVC C 1 VOU T _Bst 2 PH ASE FB 2 1 RT 1 2 U GAT E R PG2 100K 1 8 BOOT SGN D 1 P11 1 P2 1 2 2 3 2 1 1 EN SS2 PGOOD 1 1 9 ISEN VIN 2 C 36 D N P 2 1 2 20 VC C 5 10 DN P 2 19 Cc 10nF R7 20 K 17 C OM P2 1 8 1 Cp 18 0pF 16 F B_Bst 2 2 R T _Bst R EF IN GN D R2 2 17 4K R 21 2 N 1 6246 185 1 0 2 2 1 1 R 13 3.32K 1 R 24 2k C5 2 2 1 1000pF L3 ISEN 1 2 PH _ Bst D N P, Optional F ootprint AN1760.2 August 7, 2012 Disc laimer: THIS EVALUATIO N BOARD AND MATERIALS ARE PROVIDED ‘AS-IS’ FOR EVALUATION PURP OSES ON LY. INTERSIL C ORPORAT ION AND ITS SUBSIDIARIES (‘I NTERSIL’) DISCLAIM ALL WARR ANTIES, INCLUDING WITH OUT LIM ITATION FITNESS FOR A PARTIC ULAR PURPOSE AND MERC HANTABI LITY. Intersil provid es the evaluation platform a nd design proposals to help our custome rs to develop p roducts . However, factors beyond In tersil’s control, incl uding with out lim itation compone nt vari ations, temperature changes and PCB layout, could sign ificant ly affect Inter sil pro duct performance. It remains the customers' resp onsibil ity to verify t he actu al circuit performance. T it le S ize B D a te: ISL8130EVAL1Z Boost C onverter D ocument N umber < D oc> T uesday, M ay 01, 2012 Sheet 1 of Application Note 1760 1 R6 43.2K OC SET NC R 12 1 15 DI SABL E P15 1 1 14 1 EN ABLE 1 GN D 2 13 VC C 5_2 R EF OU T 1 C 21 0.1uF J3 6V to 16 V C IN 2 D NP J 10 C sen 1000pF R EF IN _Bst 2 12 VIN CIN1 100u F L2 10uH 1 1 11 2 CI N 4 DN P ISE N R se n 66 5 isl 81 30 VIN 2 C IN 3 10uF 1 2 R 16 100K R EF OU T _B st 6 C 35 10uF 1 2 1 1 RC S 5m 1 R EF OUT J9 VIN 2 1 1 VC C 5_2 1 2 1 J2 3 2 2 P12 I NT. REF C 34 2.2uF 1 EXT . REF P14 Ext. R EF Application Note 1760 Bill of Materials ITEM QTY REFERENCE VALUE DESCRIPTION PART # VENDOR ESSENTIAL COMPONENTS 1 1 CIN1 100µF Alum. CAP, 35V AVE107M35F24T-F CDE 2 1 CIN3 10µF Ceramic CAP, X5R, 25V, sm1206 Generic Generic 3 1 C14 0.47µF Ceramic CAP, X5R, 16V, sm0603 Generic Generic 4 2 C21, CDEL 0.1µF Ceramic CAP, X5R, 50V, sm0603 Generic Generic 5 2 C22, C35 10µF Ceramic CAP, X5R, 10V, sm0805 Generic Generic 6 1 C34 2.2µF Ceramic CAP, X5R, 16V, sm0805 Generic Generic 7 2 CO4, CO8 1µF Ceramic CAP, X5R, 50V, sm0805 Generic Generic 8 2 CO7, CO2 4.7µF Ceramic CAP, X5R, 50V, sm1206 Generic Generic 9 1 Cc 10nF Ceramic CAP, NP0 or C0G, sm0603 Generic Generic 10 2 C5, Csen 1000pF Ceramic CAP, NP0 or C0G, sm0603 Generic Generic 11 1 Cp 180pF Ceramic CAP, NP0 or C0G, sm0603 Generic Generic 12 2 CO9, CO10 120µF Alum. Cap, 50V, Radial 8 X 8 X 15 EEU-FR1H121L Panasonic ECG 13 1 D1 Schottky Diode, 60V SS5P6 Vishay 14 1 L2 Inductor DR127-100-R Cooper 15 1 Q6 Single Channel NFET, 60V BSC100N06LS Infineon 16 1 RCS 5m Precision RES, sm2010, 1W PMR50HZPJU5L0 ROHM 17 2 RPG2, R16 100k Resistor, sm0603, 10% Generic Generic 18 1 Rsen 665 Resistor, sm0603, 1% Generic Generic 19 1 R6 43.2k Resistor, sm0603, 1% Generic Generic 20 1 R7 20k Resistor, sm0603, 1% Generic Generic 21 1 R13 3.32k Resistor, sm0603, 1% Generic Generic 22 2 R15, R21 0 Resistor, sm0603, 10% Generic Generic 23 1 R19 1 Resistor, sm0603, 10% Generic Generic 24 1 R20 51k Resistor, sm0603, 10% Generic Generic 25 1 R22 174k Resistor, sm0603, 1% Generic Generic 26 1 R24 2k Resistor, sm0603, 10% Generic Generic 27 1 U2 PWM Controller, 20L QSOP ISL8130IAZ Intersil 10µH EVALUATION BOARD HARDWARE 27 2 J10, 12 Banana Jack (Black) 111-0703-001 Emerson 28 2 J9, J11, Banana Jack (Red) 111-0703-002 Emerson 29 2 J2, J3 1x3 Header Generic Generic 30 2 J2, J3 Connector Jumper SPC02SYAN Sullins 31 8 P2, P10, P11, P12, P13, P14, P15, P16, 1514-2 Keystone N/A N/A OPTIONAL COMPONENTs 32 CIN2, CIN4, CO3, CO6, CO1, CO5, C36, L3, R12 7 DO NOT POPULATE N/A AN1760.2 August 7, 2012 Application Note 1760 ISL8130EV1Z PCB Layout ISL8130EV1Z FIGURE 12. TOP SILKSCREEN FIGURE 13. TOP LAYER FIGURE 14. BOTTOM SILKSCREEN FIGURE 15. BOTTOM LAYER Intersil Corporation reserves the right to make changes in circuit design, software and/or specifications at any time without notice. Accordingly, the reader is cautioned to verify that the Application Note or Technical Brief is current before proceeding. For information regarding Intersil Corporation and its products, see www.intersil.com 8 AN1760.2 August 7, 2012