INTEGRATED CIRCUITS DATA SHEET TEA6100 FM/IF system and microcomputer-based tuning interface Product specification File under Integrated Circuits, IC01 August 1987 Philips Semiconductors Product specification FM/IF system and microcomputer-based tuning interface TEA6100 GENERAL DESCRIPTION The TEA6100 is a FM/IF system circuit intended for microcomputer controlled radio receivers. The circuit includes highly sensitive analogue circuitry. The digital circuitry, including an I2C bus, controls the analogue circuitry and the AM/FM tuning and stop information for the microcomputer. • Signal dependent 'soft' muting circuit; externally adjustable Features • Reference voltage output (FM mode only) • 4-stage symmetrical IF limiting amplifier • 8-bit AM/FM frequency counter with selectable counter resolution • Software selectable AM or FM input • Symmetrical quadrature demodulator • Possibility to measure the AM IF frequency at 460 kHz (250 Hz resolution) and 10,7 MHz (500 Hz resolution) • Single-ended LF output stage • D.C. output level determined by the input signal • Reference frequency can be directly connected to the reference frequency output of a frequency synthesizer (TSA6057, 40 kHz) . • Semi-adjustable AM and FM level voltage • Multi-path detector/rectifier/amplifier circuitry • 3-bit level information and 3-bit multi-path information PACKAGE OUTLINE 20-lead DIL; plastic (SOT146); SOT146-1; 1996 August 13. August 1987 2 Philips Semiconductors Product specification FM/IF system and microcomputer-based tuning interface TEA6100 QUICK REFERENCE DATA PARAMETER CONDITIONS SYMBOL MIN. TYP. MAX. UNIT Supply voltage VP1, VP2 − 8,5 − V Supply current IP1 + IP2 − 35 − mA Vi − 15 − µV FM/IF sensitivity −3 dB before limiting Signal plus noise ∆f = 75 kHz; to noise ratio VI = 10 mV (S + N)/N − 85 − dB after limiting ∆f = 22,5 kHz Vo − 200 − mV AM suppression VIFM = 600 µV AMS − 60 − dB f = 10,7 MHz Vi(AM) − 45 − µV f = 460 kHz Vi(AM) − 20 − µV Vi(FM) − 45 − µV IF = 460 kHz fs (AM) − 250 − Hz IF = 10,7 MHz fs (AM) − 500 − Hz fs (FM) − 6,4 − kHz Audio output voltage to 600 mV; m = 0,3 Frequency counter sensitivity AM FM pin 19, pin 18, f = 10,7 MHz Resolution of the frequency counter reference frequency of 40 kHz; AM FM August 1987 3 This text is here in white to force landscape pages to be rotated correctly when browsing through the pdf in the Acrobat reader.This text is here in _white to force landscape pages to be rotated correctly when browsing through the pdf in the Acrobat reader.This text is here inThis text is here in white to force landscape pages to be rotated correctly when browsing through the pdf in the Acrobat reader. white to force landscape pages to be ... Philips Semiconductors 4 FM/IF system and microcomputer-based tuning interface August 1987 Product specification TEA6100 Fig.1 Block diagram. Philips Semiconductors Product specification FM/IF system and microcomputer-based tuning interface TEA6100 PINNING 1 VP1 analogue supply voltage 2 MUTE IN mute input 3 LA OUT level amplifier output 4 RT/A IN rectifier/amplifier input 5 RT/A OUT rectifier/amplifier output 6 Fref reference frequency input 7 DGND digital ground 8 VP2 digital supply voltage 9 SCL serial clock line; I2C bus 10 SDA serial data line; I2C bus 11 LF OUT audio output signal 12 Q-DET phase shift for quadrature detector 13 Q-DET phase shift for quadrature detector 14 LADJ level amplifier adjustment 15 Vref reference voltage 16 FB DEC decoupled feedback 17 FB DEC decoupled feedback 18 INPUT 1 FM/AM IF input 19 INPUT 2 AM/FM IF input 20 AGND analogue ground Fig.2 Pinning diagram. FUNCTIONAL DESCRIPTION (see Figs 1 and 16) The IF amplifier consists of four balanced limiting amplifier stages, two separate inputs (AM and FM) and one output. Software programming (see Table 2; Figs 4 and 5) allows the input signals (AM/FM) to be inserted on either input (pin 18 or 19). The output drives the frequency counter and via the mute stage, drives the quadrature detector. The output of the quadrature detector is applied to an audio stage (which has a single-ended output). The AM/FM level amplifier, which is driven by 5 IF level detectors, generates a signal dependent d.c. voltage. The level output voltage is used internally to control the mute stage and, if required, the signal can be used externally to control the stereo channel separation and frequency response of a stereo decoder. The signal is also feed to the analogue-to-digital converter (ADC). Due to the front-end spread in the amplification, the level voltage is made adjustable (LADJ, pin 14). The level voltage amplifier controls the mute stage and this insures the −3 dB limiting point remains constant, independent of the front-end spread. AM and FM mode have different front-end circuitry, therefore LADJ must be adjustable for both inputs. The output voltage of the level amplifier is dependent upon the field strength of the input signal. The multi-path of the FM signal exists in the AM modulation of the input signal. The following method is used to determine the level information and the amount of multi-path (as a DC voltage): • the IF level detector detects the multi-path and feds the signal, via the level amplifiers, to the external bandpass filter (pin 3) and ADC1 • the signal is then fed to an internal rectifier • the rectified signal is then fed to an amplifier, so at pin 5 the DC level information is externally available and internally used by ADC2 In the FM mode, the DC information concerning the multi-path is available at pin 5 and the level information is available at pin 3. August 1987 5 Philips Semiconductors Product specification FM/IF system and microcomputer-based tuning interface TEA6100 In the AM mode, the level information at pin 3 cannot be directly used owing to AM modulation on the output signal of the level amplifier. This signal requires filtering, which is achieved by the following method: • the multiplexer is switched to a position which causes the signal to be applied to the attenuator • after attenuation the signal is fed to an amplifier (the resultant gain of attenuator and amplifier is unity), after amplification the signal is filtered by an internal resistor and external capacitor • after filtering the signal is applied to ADC2 and is externally available In AM mode pin 5 contains the level information. The voltages on pin 3 and 5 are converted into two 3-bit digital words by the ADC, which can then be read out by the I2C bus. The meaning of the 3- bit words is shown in Table 1. Table 1 3-bit words POSITION WORD FM AM 1 multipath level without modulation 2 level level with modulation The FM modulated signal is converted into an audio signal by the symmetrical quadrature detector. The main advantage of such a detector is that it requires few external components. An FM signal requires good AM suppression, and as a result, the IF amplifiers must act as limiters. To achieve good suppression on small input signals the IF amplifiers must have a high gain and thus a high sensitivity. High sensitivity is an undesirable property when used in car radio applications, this problem is solved by having an externally adjustable mute stage to control the overall sensitivity of the device. The IF mute stage is controlled by the level amplifier (soft muting) and is only active in FM mode. If the input falls below a predetermined level, the mute stage becomes active. To avoid the 'ON/OFF' effect of the audio signal due to fluctuations of the input signal, the mute stage is activated rapidly but de-activated slowly. The mute stage is de-activated slowly, via a current source and an external capacitor at pin 2, to avoid aggressive behaviour of the audio signal. It is possible to adjust the '−3 dB limiting point' of the audio output via the level voltage due to the level signal being externally adjustable. If hard muting is required then pin 2 must be switched to ground. The 8-bit counter allows accurate stop information to be obtained, because exact tuning is achieved when the measured frequency is equal to the centre frequency of the IF filter. To measure the input frequency, the number of pulses which occur in a defined time must be counted. This defined time is refered to as 'window'. A wide window indicates a long measuring time and therefore a high accuracy. The counter resolution is defined as Hertz per count. Due to the TEA6100 having to measure the IF frequencies of AM and FM, the counter resolution must be adjustable (different channel spacing). The counter resolution depends on the setting of dividers 1 (N1), divider 2 (N2) and the reference frequency (Fref). The divider ratios of N1 and N2 are controlled by software (see section PROGRAMMING INFORMATION). In Table 3 the window and counter resolution has been calculated for a reference frequency of 40 kHz. The accuracy is controlled by bit 7 of the input word. Although the resolution is the same for bit 7 = logic 0 and bit 7 = logic 1, the width of the window doubles when bit 7 = logic 1. • bit 7 = 0, accuracy = ± counter resolution • bit 7 = 1, accuracy = ± 1⁄2 counter resolution August 1987 6 Philips Semiconductors Product specification FM/IF system and microcomputer-based tuning interface TEA6100 Communication between TEA6100 and the microcomputer is via a two wire bidirectional I2C bus. The power supply lines are fully isolated to avoid cross talk between the digital and analogue parts of the circuit. Fig.3 Input data format waveforms. Table 2 Input bits BIT FUNCTION LOGIC 0 LOGIC 1 SEE Fig.5 AND 6 1 reference frequency 32 kHz 40 kHz A 2 IF mode AM FM B 3 IF input pin 19 pin 18 C 4 counter input 460 kHz 10,7 MHz D 5 counter mode AM FM E 6 resolution divide by 8 divide by 1 F 7 accuracy LOW HIGH G 8 test mode OFF ON H August 1987 7 This text is here in white to force landscape pages to be rotated correctly when browsing through the pdf in the Acrobat reader.This text is here in _white to force landscape pages to be rotated correctly when browsing through the pdf in the Acrobat reader.This text is here inThis text is here in white to force landscape pages to be rotated correctly when browsing through the pdf in the Acrobat reader. white to force landscape pages to be ... Philips Semiconductors 8 FM/IF system and microcomputer-based tuning interface August 1987 Product specification TEA6100 Fig.4 Output data format waveforms. Philips Semiconductors Product specification FM/IF system and microcomputer-based tuning interface Fig.5 Switch positions, analogue part (switches drawn in logic 0 state). August 1987 9 TEA6100 This text is here in white to force landscape pages to be rotated correctly when browsing through the pdf in the Acrobat reader.This text is here in _white to force landscape pages to be rotated correctly when browsing through the pdf in the Acrobat reader.This text is here inThis text is here in white to force landscape pages to be rotated correctly when browsing through the pdf in the Acrobat reader. white to force landscape pages to be ... Philips Semiconductors 10 FM/IF system and microcomputer-based tuning interface August 1987 Product specification TEA6100 Fig.6 Switch positions, digital part (switches drawn in logic 0 state, see Tables 2 and 3). Philips Semiconductors Product specification FM/IF system and microcomputer-based tuning interface Table 3 TEA6100 Possible window settings and counter resolutions with a 40 kHz reference frequency (see Figs 5 and 6) POSITION OF SWITCH ADEFG WINDOW (ms) COUNTER RESOLUTION Hz / COUNT IF FREQUENCY (kHz) READ OUT BY IF FREQUENCY (HEX) RANGE (kHz) MIN. MAX. 00000 25,6 39,1 460,0 4F 456,914 466,875 10000 32,0 31,3 460,0 CF 453,531 461,500 00001 51,2 39,1 460,0 4F 456,914 466,875 10001 64,0 31,3 460,0 CF 453,531 461,500 00100 128,0 1000,0 460,0 C3 265,000 520,000 10100 160,0 800,0 460,0 36 416,800 620,800 00101 256,0 1000,0 460,0 C3 256,000 520,000 10101 320,0 800,0 460,0 36 416,800 620,800 00010 3,2 312,5 460,0 0F 455,312 535,000 10010 4,0 250,0 460,0 7F 428,250 492,000 00011 6,1 312,5 460,0 0F 455,312 535,000 10011 8,0 250,0 460,0 7F 428,250 492,000 00110 16,0 8000,0 460,0 30 76,000 2116,000 10110 20,0 6400,0 460,0 3F 56,800 1688,800 00111 32,0 8000,0 460,0 30 76,800 2116,000 10111 40,0 6400,0 460,0 3F 56,800 1688,800 01000 25,6 625,0 10700,0 2F 10670,625 10830,000 11000 32,0 500,0 10700,0 E7 10584,500 10712,000 01001 51,2 625,0 10700,0 2F 10670,625 10830,000 11001 64,0 500,0 10700,0 E7 10584,000 10712,000 01100 128,0 1000,0 10700,0 C3 10505,000 10760,000 11100 160,0 800,0 10700,0 36 10656,800 10860,800 01101 256,0 1000,0 10700,0 C3 10505,000 10760,000 11101 320,0 800,0 10700,0 36 10656,800 10860,000 01010 3,2 5000,0 10700,0 AB 9845,000 11120,000 11010 4,0 4000,0 10700,0 C2 9924,000 10944,000 01011 6,4 5000,0 10700,0 AB 9845,000 11120,000 11011 8,0 4000,0 10700,0 C2 9924,000 10944,000 01110 16,0 8000,0 10700,0 30 10316,000 12356,000 11110 20,0 6400,0 10700,0 7F 9887,200 01111 32,0 8000,0 10700,0 30 10316,000 12356,000 11111 40,0 6400,0 10700,0 7F 9887,200 August 1987 11 11519,200 11519,200 Philips Semiconductors Product specification FM/IF system and microcomputer-based tuning interface TEA6100 RATINGS Limiting values in accordance with the Absolute Maximum System (IEC 134) PARAMETER Supply voltage CONDITIONS pins 1 and 8 SYMBOL VP1, VP2 MIN. 0 MAX. 13,2 UNIT V see Fig.7 Total power dissipation Ptot Storage temperature range Tstg −65 +150 °C Operating ambient temperature range Tamb −30 +85 °C THERMAL RESISTANCE From junction to ambient Rth j-a 70 K/W Fig.7 Power derating curve. DC CHARACTERISTICS (note) VP1 = VP2 = 8,5 V; Tamb = 25°C; all currents positive into the IC; unless otherwise specified PARAMETER Supply voltage CONDITIONS SYMBOL MIN. TYP. MAX. UNIT 7,5 8,5 12 V pins 1 and 8 VP1, VP2 FM mode VADJ > 2,4 V IP1 − 19 25 mA AM mode VADJ > 2,4 V IP1 − 15 25 mA IP2 − 16 23 mA Pd − 280 − mW Supply current digital part Power dissipation August 1987 12 Philips Semiconductors Product specification FM/IF system and microcomputer-based tuning interface TEA6100 AC CHARACTERISTICS (note 1) VP = 8,5 V; Vi(FM) = 1 mV; f = 10,7 MHz; ∆f = 22,5 kHz; fm = 1 kHz; FM mode; unless otherwise specified PARAMETER CONDITIONS IF amplifier, quadrature detector and LF amplifier output pin 11 Sensitivity −3 dB before limiting; SYMBOL to noise ratio MAX. UNIT − 15 30 µV Vi(FM) − 12 − µV (S + N)/N − 85 − dB > 40 db Vi(FM) − 0,09 to 1000 − mV ∆f = 22,5 kHz Vo 160 200 240 mV ∆f = 75 kHz THD − 0,65 − % AMS − 60 − dB to 600 µV AMS − 55 − dB 200 Hz; 20 log (Vi / Vo) SVRR 38 40 − dB S/N = 26 dB; inactive mute Signal plus noise TYP. Vi(FM) inactive mute Sensitivity MIN. Vi(FM) = 10 mV; bandwidth = 0,3 to 15 kHz; ∆f = 75 kHz IF input range AM suppression Audio output voltage after limiting Total harmonic distortion for single tuned circuit AM suppression note 2; see Figs 8, 9 and 10; Vi(AM) range = 200 µV to 600 mV Vi(AM) range = 200 µV Supply voltage ripple rejection IF counter inputs Frequency counter minimum input voltage sensitivity for a readout ±1 bit; FM mode 10,7 MHz Vi(FM) − − 60 µV AM mode 10,7 MHz Vi(AM) − − 60 µV AM mode 460 kHz Vi(AM) − − 45 µV Vi − − 1 V Maximum input voltage August 1987 13 Philips Semiconductors Product specification FM/IF system and microcomputer-based tuning interface PARAMETER FM level performance CONDITIONS TEA6100 SYMBOL MIN. TYP. MAX. UNIT see Fig.11 Output voltage adjustment range Vi(FM) = 0 V; pins 3 and 14 VLFM − 0,1 to 4,6 − V pins 3 and 14 VLFM VP−1,5 − − V Vi(FM)/VADJ GADJ − −2 − dB Vi(FM) = 100 to 10 mV Si(FM) 1,4 1,6 1,8 V/dec(6) VLFM > 1 V |Zo| − 100 − Ω VLFM − 0,1 to 4,6 − V pins 5 and 14 VLAM 6 − − V Adjustable gain Vi(AM) / VADJ GADJ − −2 − dB Level voltage slope VADJ = 2,4 V; Si(AM) 1,3 1,5 1,7 V/dec(6) VLFM − 0,1 to 2,5 − V attenuation VLFM 1,20 1,45 1,75 V Maximum muting VLFM = 0,1 V VMUTE − 19 − dB IF hard muting VMUTE; pin 2 Mute voltage −60 dB output VMUTE − 460 − mV +I2 − 270 − µA −I2 − 1,5 − µA Maximum output voltage Adjustable gain Level voltage slope VADJ = 2,4 V; Output impedance of level amplifier AM level performance see Fig.12 Output voltage adjustment range Vi(AM) = 0 V; pins 5 and 14 Vi(AM) = 10 mV; Vi(FM) = 100 to 10 mV IF soft muting VLFM; pin 3; see Fig.13 Mute operating range Mute voltage −3 dB output attenuation Mute discharge current VMUTE = 1 V; VLEVEL = 0 V; mute ON; pin 2 Mute charging current August 1987 VMUTE = 0 V; mute OFF 14 Philips Semiconductors Product specification FM/IF system and microcomputer-based tuning interface PARAMETER CONDITIONS TEA6100 SYMBOL MIN. TYP. MAX. UNIT Rectifier/amplifier |Zi| 7 10 13 kΩ GA − 30 − dB VO(MP) − 0,2 to 6 − V Io − 200 − µA Vripple − 300 400 mV Output voltage Vref − 4,4 − V Output sink current +I15 − − 1,5 mA Output impedance |ZO| − − 10 Ω Input impedance pin 4 Conversion gain pins 4 and 5; AC to DC bandwith = 100 Hz to 120 kHz; 20 log VO(MP) (d.c.)/ Vi(MP) (a.c.) DC output voltage range Output characteristics see Fig.16; note 3 Discharge current Output ripple in fm = 200 Hz; m = 0,8; AM mode (peak- Vi(AM) range = 100 µV to-peak value) to 30 mV Multi-path output see Figs 14 and 15; note 4 Reference voltage output pin 15, FM only Output charge −I15 5 − − mA Output voltage AM mode Vref − 0 − V Output impedance AM mode |ZO| − 14 − kΩ I2C bus data format see Fig.3 and 4; Table 2 3-bit ADC multi-path and level information, note 5 Trip level LOW VTL 1,20 1,45 1,75 V Trip level HIGH VTH 4,25 4,50 4,75 V Reference range Fref − − 40 kHz Input voltage LOW VIL − − 0,4 V Input current HIGH IIH 5 − − µA current Reference frequency input August 1987 pin 6 15 Philips Semiconductors Product specification FM/IF system and microcomputer-based tuning interface Notes 1. All characteristics are measured from the circuit shown in Fig.16. 2. Conditions for this parameter are: 20 log Vo(FM); m = 0,3 or 20 log Vo(AM); m = 0,3. 3. Voltage source followed by diode and resistor. 4. A DC shift can be achieved by connecting a 1,8 MΩ resistor between pin 4 and pin 15. 5. Step size between trip levels: (VTH − VTL) / 6 ± 0,07 V. 6. V/dec = voltage per decade. August 1987 16 TEA6100 Philips Semiconductors Product specification FM/IF system and microcomputer-based tuning interface (1) Audio (∆f = 22,5 kHz and fmod = 1 kHz) for VADJ = 0 V. (2) Noise (with dBA filter) for VADJ = 0 V. (3) AM suppression (m = 0,3 and fmod = 1 kHz) for VADJ = 0 V. Fig.8 Audio output voltage performance plotted against input signal, Vi(FM). (1) Audio (∆f = 22,5 kHz and fmod = 1 kHz) for VADJ = 2,4 V. (2) Noise (with dBA filter) for VADJ = 2,4 V. Fig.9 Audio output voltage performance plotted against input signal, Vi(FM). August 1987 17 TEA6100 Philips Semiconductors Product specification FM/IF system and microcomputer-based tuning interface TEA6100 Fig.10 Total harmonic distortion; ∆f = 75 kHz, fmod = 1 kHz and VADJ = O V. (1) VADJ = 1,4 V. (2) VADJ = 2,4 V. (3) VADJ = 3,4 V. Fig.11 Level voltage output (VLFM) plotted against IF input signal, Vi(FM); IF = 10,7 MHz. August 1987 18 Philips Semiconductors Product specification FM/IF system and microcomputer-based tuning interface TEA6100 (1) VADJ = 1,4 V. (2) VADJ = 2,4 V. (3) VADJ = 3,4 V. Fig.12 Level voltage output (VLAM) plotted against IF input signal, Vi(AM); IF = 10,7 MHz or 460 kHz. Fig.13 Soft muting plotted against level output voltage; Vi(FM) = 1 mV and ∆f = 22,5 kHz. August 1987 19 Philips Semiconductors Product specification FM/IF system and microcomputer-based tuning interface TEA6100 (1) mod = 0,2 (2) mod = 0,3 (3) mod = 0,4 Fig.14 Multi-path output plotted against IF input signal, Vi(FM); fmod = 3 kHz (AM, no FM modulation), VADJ = 2,4 V and 1,8 MΩ resistor connected between pin 4 and pin 15. (1) mod = 0,2 (2) mod = 0,3 (3) mod = 0,4 Fig.15 Multi-path output plotted against IF input signal, Vi(FM); fmod = 3 kHz (AM, no FM modulation), VADJ = 2,4 V. August 1987 20 Philips Semiconductors Product specification FM/IF system and microcomputer-based tuning interface APPLICATION INFORMATION Fig.16 Application diagram. August 1987 21 TEA6100 Philips Semiconductors Product specification FM/IF system and microcomputer-based tuning interface Fig.17 Track side of printed circuit board. Fig.18 Component side of printed circuit board. August 1987 22 TEA6100 Philips Semiconductors Product specification FM/IF system and microcomputer-based tuning interface TEA6100 Double tuned circuit R1 = 5,1 kΩ, R2 = 1,5 kΩ C1 = C2 = 150 pF (n = 220) C3 = C4 = 10 pF L1 = L2 = 1,6 µH Fig.19 Double tuned demodulator circuit. Alignment of the circuit is obtained with an IF input signal > 200 µV. Tuning the circuit is performed by, detuning L2, adjusting L1 to obtain a minimum distortion level and then adjusting L2 to obtain a minimum distortion level. Fig.20 Total harmonic distortion plotted against IF detuning; for ∆f = ± 75 kHz, fmod = 1 kHz and VO = 500 mV. August 1987 23 Philips Semiconductors Product specification FM/IF system and microcomputer-based tuning interface TEA6100 PROGRAMMING INFORMATION Converting the read out of the counters into frequency The counter resolution at the input is defined as: • resolution = divider ratio of N2/window For every increment of the counter the counted frequency increases relative to the resolution in Hertz, as shown in example: • window = 20 ms; N2 = 128; IF frequency = 10,7 MHz; resolution = 128/0,02 = 6,4 kHz per count The counter consists of 8 bits. Therefore, the maximum frequency range that can be counted is 256 × resolution = 1,6384 MHz. In the example the frequency to be counted is 10,7 MHz, therefore, the counter will overflow (in the example above, 7 times). The real measured frequency is: • freal = (read out + overflow × 256) × resolution The overflow indicates the off-set on the frequency scale which must be added to the read out. Due to the bandwidth of the IF filter, the frequencies at the input to the TEA6100 are known, for example: • IF filter for FM has a center frequency of 10,7 MHz and −3 dB bandwidth of 300 kHz. Only the frequencies of 10,7 MHz ± 150 kHz occur at the input of the TEA6100. For this reason it is not necessary to count the overflow. The read out of the counter has to be translated into frequency. This translation depends upon the counter resolution. The preferred way to calculate the input frequency is to: • calculate the read out of the target IF frequency. Compare this value with that of the measured read out and multiply the difference by the resolution. The formulae for calculating the target IF read out and the resolution are as follows (A, D, E, F and G refer to the bits of the I2C bus input data as shown in Fig.3 and 4 and to the counter/timer block diagram shown in Fig.6. An, Dn, En, Fn and Gn are inverted values of the variables A, D, E, F and G. Table 3 shows the following formulae calculated for a reference frequency of 40 kHz): • N1 = (An × 4 + A × 5) × (En × 4 + E × 5) × 8 × (2[E × 2 + G × 1]) × (F × 1 + Fn × 8) • Window (T) = N1/Fref • N2 = (E × 16 × 8 + En × [Dn × 1 +D × 16]) × (G × 2 + Gn × 1) • Target decimal read out (TDEC) = T × (TIFF/N2 + (E × 247 + En × 79). TIFF is the symbol for target IF frequency • Target read out hexadecimal (THEX), convert the target decimal read out to hexadecimal and use the 2 least significant digits (Do not use overflow value). The symbol for measured hexadecimal is MHEX • Resolution (R) = N2/T • Measured frequency (FI) = (TIFF) + R × (MHEX − THEX). Note Care should be taken if TIFF + 1⁄2 filter bandwidth is greater than the frequency for the read out of hexadecimal value FF, or if TIFF − 1⁄2 filter bandwith is less than the frequency at read out for hexadecimal value 00. • Counter accuracy (AW and AN), with bit 7 (G) the accuracy can be chosen with the same resolution. If bit 7 is logic 1 the accuracy is HIGH and if bit 7 is logic 0 then the accuracy is LOW. bit 7 = 0, AN = ± (N2/T) bit 7 = 1, AW = ± (1⁄2 × N2/T) August 1987 24 Philips Semiconductors Product specification FM/IF system and microcomputer-based tuning interface Example The example uses the following values: TIFF = 10,7 MHz; accuracy = LOW (G = 0); Fref = 40 kHz (A = 1); IF frequency = 10, 7 MHz (D = 1); resolution = N1 (F = 1) and counter mode = FM (E = 1) N1 = (0 × 4 + 1 × 5) × (0 × 4 + 1 × 5) × 8 × (2[1 × 2 + 0 × 1]) × (1 × 1 + 0 × 8) = 800 T = 800/40 = 20 ms N2 = (1 × 16 × 8 + 0 × [1 × 1 + 0 × 16]) × (0 × 2 + 1 × 1) = 128 TDEC = 20 × 10,7/128 + (1 × 247 + 0 × 79) = 1919 THEX; 1919 is hexadecimal 77F and the least significant 2 digits are 7F, so THEX = 7 F R = 128/20 = 6400 Hz/count Assume the readout is '6E', the measured frequency will be: • FI = 10,7 + (6E − 7F) × 6400 = 10,59 MHz Assume the readout is '83', the measured frequency will be: • FI = 10,7 + (83 − 7F) × 6400 = 10,726 August 1987 25 TEA6100 Philips Semiconductors Product specification FM/IF system and microcomputer-based tuning interface TEA6100 PACKAGE OUTLINE DIP20: plastic dual in-line package; 20 leads (300 mil) SOT146-1 ME seating plane D A2 A A1 L c e Z b1 w M (e 1) b MH 11 20 pin 1 index E 1 10 0 5 10 mm scale DIMENSIONS (inch dimensions are derived from the original mm dimensions) UNIT A max. A1 min. A2 max. b b1 c mm 4.2 0.51 3.2 1.73 1.30 0.53 0.38 0.36 0.23 26.92 26.54 inches 0.17 0.020 0.13 0.068 0.051 0.021 0.015 0.014 0.009 1.060 1.045 D e e1 L ME MH w Z (1) max. 6.40 6.22 2.54 7.62 3.60 3.05 8.25 7.80 10.0 8.3 0.254 2.0 0.25 0.24 0.10 0.30 0.14 0.12 0.32 0.31 0.39 0.33 0.01 0.078 (1) E (1) Note 1. Plastic or metal protrusions of 0.25 mm maximum per side are not included. OUTLINE VERSION SOT146-1 August 1987 REFERENCES IEC JEDEC EIAJ SC603 26 EUROPEAN PROJECTION ISSUE DATE 92-11-17 95-05-24 Philips Semiconductors Product specification FM/IF system and microcomputer-based tuning interface TEA6100 with the joint for more than 5 seconds. The total contact time of successive solder waves must not exceed 5 seconds. SOLDERING Introduction There is no soldering method that is ideal for all IC packages. Wave soldering is often preferred when through-hole and surface mounted components are mixed on one printed-circuit board. However, wave soldering is not always suitable for surface mounted ICs, or for printed-circuits with high population densities. In these situations reflow soldering is often used. The device may be mounted up to the seating plane, but the temperature of the plastic body must not exceed the specified maximum storage temperature (Tstg max). If the printed-circuit board has been pre-heated, forced cooling may be necessary immediately after soldering to keep the temperature within the permissible limit. Repairing soldered joints This text gives a very brief insight to a complex technology. A more in-depth account of soldering ICs can be found in our “IC Package Databook” (order code 9398 652 90011). Apply a low voltage soldering iron (less than 24 V) to the lead(s) of the package, below the seating plane or not more than 2 mm above it. If the temperature of the soldering iron bit is less than 300 °C it may remain in contact for up to 10 seconds. If the bit temperature is between 300 and 400 °C, contact may be up to 5 seconds. Soldering by dipping or by wave The maximum permissible temperature of the solder is 260 °C; solder at this temperature must not be in contact DEFINITIONS Data sheet status Objective specification This data sheet contains target or goal specifications for product development. Preliminary specification This data sheet contains preliminary data; supplementary data may be published later. Product specification This data sheet contains final product specifications. Limiting values Limiting values given are in accordance with the Absolute Maximum Rating System (IEC 134). Stress above one or more of the limiting values may cause permanent damage to the device. These are stress ratings only and operation of the device at these or at any other conditions above those given in the Characteristics sections of the specification is not implied. Exposure to limiting values for extended periods may affect device reliability. Application information Where application information is given, it is advisory and does not form part of the specification. LIFE SUPPORT APPLICATIONS These products are not designed for use in life support appliances, devices, or systems where malfunction of these products can reasonably be expected to result in personal injury. Philips customers using or selling these products for use in such applications do so at their own risk and agree to fully indemnify Philips for any damages resulting from such improper use or sale. PURCHASE OF PHILIPS I2C COMPONENTS Purchase of Philips I2C components conveys a license under the Philips’ I2C patent to use the components in the I2C system provided the system conforms to the I2C specification defined by Philips. This specification can be ordered using the code 9398 393 40011. August 1987 27