CY23EP05 2.5 V or 3.3 V,10–220 MHz, Low Jitter, 5 Output Zero Delay Buffer 2.5 V or 3.3 V,10–220 MHz, Low Jitter, 5 Output Zero Delay Buffer Features Functional Description ■ 10 MHz to 220 MHz maximum operating range ■ Zero input-output propagation delay, adjustable by loading on CLKOUT pin ■ Multiple low-skew outputs ❐ 30 ps typical output-output skew ❐ One input drives five outputs The CY23EP05 is a 2.5 V or 3.3 V zero delay buffer designed to distribute low-jitter high-speed clocks and is available in a 8-pin SOIC package. It accepts one reference input, and drives out five low-skew clocks. The –1H version operates up to 220 (200) MHz frequencies at 3.3 V (2.5 V), and has a higher drive strength than the –1 devices. All parts have on-chip PLLs which lock to an input clock on the REF pin. The PLL feedback is on-chip and is obtained from the CLKOUT pad. ■ 22 ps typical cycle-to-cycle jitter ■ 13 ps typical period jitter ■ Standard and high drive strength options ■ Available in space-saving 150-mil SOIC package ■ 3.3 V or 2.5 V operation ■ Industrial temperature available The CY23EP05 PLL enters a power-down mode when there are no rising edges on the REF input (< ~2 MHz). In this state, the outputs are three-stated and the PLL is turned off, resulting in less than 25 A of current draw. The CY23EP05 is available in different configurations, as shown in the Ordering Information table. The CY23EP05-1 is the base part. The CY23EP05-1H is the high-drive version of the –1, and its rise and fall times are much faster than the –1. These parts are not intended for 5 V input-tolerant applications. For a complete list of related documentation, click here. Logic Block Diagram CLKOUT PLL REF CLK1 CLK2 CLK3 CLK4 Cypress Semiconductor Corporation Document Number: 38-07759 Rev. *F • 198 Champion Court • San Jose, CA 95134-1709 • 408-943-2600 Revised May 5, 2016 CY23EP05 Contents Pin Configuration ............................................................. 3 Pin Description ................................................................. 3 Zero Delay and Skew Control.......................................... 3 Absolute Maximum Conditions....................................... 4 Operating Conditions....................................................... 4 Electrical Specifications (3.3 V DC) ................................ 4 Electrical Specifications (2.5 V DC) ................................ 5 Thermal Resistance.......................................................... 5 Electrical Specifications (3.3 V and 2.5 V AC) ............... 6 Switching Waveforms ...................................................... 8 Test Circuits...................................................................... 9 Supplemental Parametric Information.......................... 10 Ordering Information...................................................... 14 Ordering Code Definitions ......................................... 14 Document Number: 38-07759 Rev. *F Package Drawing and Dimensions ............................... Acronyms ........................................................................ Document Conventions ................................................. Units of Measure ....................................................... Document History Page ................................................. Sales, Solutions, and Legal Information ...................... Worldwide Sales and Design Support....................... Products .................................................................... PSoC®Solutions ....................................................... Cypress Developer Community................................. Technical Support ..................................................... 15 16 16 16 17 18 18 18 18 18 18 Page 2 of 18 CY23EP05 Pin Configuration Figure 1. 8-pin SOIC pinout (Top View) Top View REF CLK2 CLK1 GND 1 8 2 7 3 6 4 5 CLKOUT CLK4 VDD CLK3 Pin Description Pin No. Signal 1 REF [1] Input reference frequency Description 2 CLK2 [2] Buffered clock output 3 CLK1 [2] Buffered clock output 4 GND 5 CLK3 [2] Ground Buffered clock output 6 VDD 3.3 V or 2.5 V supply 7 CLK4 [2] Buffered clock output 8 CLKOUT [2, 3] Buffered clock output, internal feedback on this pin Zero Delay and Skew Control All outputs should be uniformly loaded to achieve zero delay between the input and output. Since the CLKOUT pin is the internal feedback to the PLL, its relative loading can adjust the input-output delay. The output driving the CLKOUT pin will be driving a total load of 5 pF (internal load) plus any additional load externally connected to this pin. For applications requiring zero input-output delay, the total load on each output pin (including CLKOUT) must be the same. For example, if there is no external load on the CLKOUT pin, add 5 pF to each of the remaining outputs to match the internal load on the CLKOUT pin. If input-output delay adjustments are required, the CLKOUT load may be changed to vary the delay between the REF input and remaining outputs. For zero output-output skew, be sure to load all outputs equally. For further information refer to the application note titled “AN1234 - Understanding Cypress’s Zero Delay Buffers”. Notes 1. Weak pull-down. 2. Weak pull-down on all outputs. 3. This output is driven and has an internal feedback for the PLL. The load on this output can be adjusted to change the skew between the reference and output. Document Number: 38-07759 Rev. *F Page 3 of 18 CY23EP05 Absolute Maximum Conditions DC input voltage ......................................VSS – 0.5 V to 4.6 V Exceeding maximum ratings may shorten the useful life of the device. User guidelines are not tested. Supply voltage to ground potential ................–0.5 V to 4.6 V Storage temperature .................................. –65 °C to 150 °C Junction temperature ................................................. 150 °C Static discharge voltage (per MIL-STD-883, Method 3015 ............................ > 2000 V Operating Conditions Min Typ Max Unit VDD3.3 Parameter 3.3 V supply voltage Description 3.0 3.3 3.6 V VDD2.5 2.5 V supply voltage 2.3 2.5 2.7 V TA Operating temperature (ambient temperature) – Commercial 0 – 70 °C Operating temperature (ambient temperature) – Industrial CL[4] –40 – 85 °C Load capacitance, < 100 MHz, 3.3 V – – 30 pF Load capacitance, < 100 MHz, 2.5 V with high drive – – 30 pF Load capacitance, < 133.3 MHz, 3.3 V – – 22 pF Load capacitance, < 133.3 MHz, 2.5 V with high drive – – 22 pF Load capacitance, < 133.3 MHz, 2.5 V with standard drive – – 15 pF Load capacitance, > 133.3 MHz, 3.3 V – – 15 pF Load capacitance, > 133.3 MHz, 2.5 V with high drive – – 15 pF [5] CIN Input capacitance – – 5 pF BW Closed-loop bandwidth, 3.3 V – 1–1.5 – MHz Closed-loop bandwidth, 2.5 V – 0.8 – MHz Output impedance, 3.3 V high drive – 29 – ROUT tPU Output impedance, 3.3 V standard drive – 41 – Output impedance, 2.5 V high drive – 37 – Output Impedance, 2.5 V standard drive – 41 – 0.01 – 50 ms Min Typ Max Unit 3.0 3.3 3.6 V Power-up time for all VDDs to reach minimum specified voltage (power ramps must be monotonic) Electrical Specifications (3.3 V DC) Parameter Description Test Conditions VDD Supply voltage VIL Input LOW voltage – – 0.8 V VIH Input HIGH voltage 2.0 – VDD + 0.3 V IIL Input leakage current 0 < VIN < VIL –10 – 10 A IIH Input HIGH current VIN = VDD – – 100 A VOL Output LOW voltage IOL = 8 mA (Standard Drive) – – 0.4 V IOL = 12 mA (High Drive) – – 0.4 V Notes 4. Applies to Test Circuit #1. 5. Applies to both REF Clock and internal feedback path on CLKOUT. Document Number: 38-07759 Rev. *F Page 4 of 18 CY23EP05 Electrical Specifications (3.3 V DC) (continued) Parameter VOH Description Output HIGH voltage IDD (PD mode) Power down supply current IDD Supply current Test Conditions Min Typ Max Unit IOH = –8 mA (Standard Drive) 2.4 – – V IOH = –12 mA (High Drive) 2.4 – – V REF = 0 MHz (Commercial) – – 12 A REF = 0 MHz (Industrial) – – 25 A Unloaded outputs, 66-MHz REF – – 30 mA Min Typ Max Unit 2.3 2.5 2.7 V Electrical Specifications (2.5 V DC) Parameter Description Test Conditions VDD Supply voltage VIL Input LOW voltage – – 0.7 V VIH Input HIGH voltage 1.7 – VDD + 0.3 V IIL Input leakage current 0 < VIN < VDD –10 – 10 A IIH Input HIGH current VIN = VDD – – 100 A VOL Output LOW voltage IOL = 8 mA (standard drive) – – 0.5 V IOL = 12 mA (high drive) – – 0.5 V IOH = –8 mA (standard drive) VDD – 0.6 – – V IOH = –12 mA (high drive) VDD – 0.6 – – V REF = 0 MHz (commercial) – – 12 A REF = 0 MHz (industrial) – – 25 A Unloaded outputs, 66-MHz REF – – 45 mA VOH Output HIGH voltage IDD (PD mode) Power Down supply current IDD Supply current Thermal Resistance Parameter[6] Description Theta JA Thermal resistance (junction to ambient) Theta JC Thermal resistance (junction to case) Test Conditions Test conditions follow standard test methods and procedures for measuring thermal impedance, in accordance with EIA/JESD51. 8-pin SOIC Unit 145 °C/W 62 °C/W Note 6. These parameters are guaranteed by design and are not tested. Document Number: 38-07759 Rev. *F Page 5 of 18 CY23EP05 Electrical Specifications (3.3 V and 2.5 V AC) Parameter 1/t1 TIDC Description Maximum frequency [7] (input/output) Input duty cycle t2 t1 Output duty cycle t3,t4 Rise, fall time (3.3 V) [8] t3, t4 [8] Rise, fall time (2.5 V)[8] [8] t5 Output to output skew t6 Delay, REF rising edge to CLKOUT rising edge [8] t7 Part to part skew [8] Min Typ Max Unit 3.3 V high drive Test Conditions 10 – 220 MHz 3.3 V standard drive 10 – 167 MHz 2.5 V high drive 10 – 200 MHz 2.5 V standard drive 10 – 133 MHz < 133.3 MHz 25 – 75 % > 133.3 MHz 40 – 60 % < 133.3 MHz 47 – 53 % > 133.3 MHz 45 – 55 % Std drive, CL = 30 pF, < 100 MHz – – 1.6 ns Std drive, CL = 22 pF, < 133.3 MHz – – 1.6 ns Std drive, CL = 15 pF, < 167 MHz – – 0.6 ns High drive, CL = 30 pF, < 100 MHz – – 1.2 ns High drive, CL = 22 pF, < 133.3 MHz – – 1.2 ns High drive, CL = 15 pF, > 133.3 MHz – – 0.5 ns Std drive, CL = 15 pF, < 133.33 MHz – – 1.5 ns High drive, CL = 30 pF, < 100 MHz – – 2.1 ns High drive, CL = 22 pF, < 133.3 MHz – – 1.3 ns High drive, CL = 15 pF, > 133.3 MHz – – 1.2 ns All outputs equally loaded – 30 100 ps PLL enabled at 3.3 V –100 – 100 ps PLL enabled at 2.5 V –200 – 200 ps Measured at VDD/2. Any output to any output, 3.3 V supply –150 – 150 ps Measured at VDD/2. Any output to any output, 2.5 V supply –300 – 300 ps Notes 7. For the given maximum loading conditions. See CL in Operating Conditions Table. 8. Parameter is guaranteed by design and characterization. Not 100% tested in production. Document Number: 38-07759 Rev. *F Page 6 of 18 CY23EP05 Electrical Specifications (3.3 V and 2.5 V AC) (continued) Parameter Description [9] tLOCK PLL lock time TJCC [9, 10] Cycle-to-cycle jitter, peak TPER [9, 10] Period jitter, peak Test Conditions Min Typ Max Unit Stable power supply, valid clocks presented on REF and CLKOUT pins – – 1.0 ms 3.3 V supply, > 66 MHz, < 15 pF – 22 55 ps 3.3 V supply, > 66 MHz, < 30 pF, standard drive – 45 125 ps 3.3 V supply, > 66 MHz, < 30 pF, high drive – 45 100 ps 2.5 V supply, > 66 MHz, < 15 pF, standard drive – 40 100 ps 2.5 V supply, > 66 MHz, < 15 pF, high drive – 35 80 ps 2.5 V supply, > 66 MHz, < 30 pF, high drive – 52 125 ps 3.3 V supply, 66–100 MHz, < 15 pF – 18 60 ps 3.3 V supply, > 100 MHz, < 15 pF – 13 35 ps 3.3 V supply, > 66 MHz, < 30 pF, standard drive – 28 75 ps 3.3 V supply, > 66 MHz, < 30 pF, high drive – 26 70 ps 2.5 V supply, > 66 MHz, < 15 pF, standard drive – 25 60 ps 2.5 V supply, 66–100 MHz, < 15 pF, high drive – 22 60 ps 2.5 V supply, > 100 MHz, < 15 pF, high drive – 19 45 ps Notes 9. Parameter is guaranteed by design and characterization. Not 100% tested in production. 10. Typical jitter is measured at 3.3 V or 2.5 V, 29°C, with all outputs driven into the maximum specified load. Further information regarding jitter specifications may be found in the application notes, “Understanding Data Sheet Jitter Specifications for Cypress Products.” Document Number: 38-07759 Rev. *F Page 7 of 18 CY23EP05 Switching Waveforms Figure 2. Duty Cycle Timing t1 t2 VDD/2 VDD/2 VDD/2 Figure 3. All Outputs Rise/Fall Time 2.0 V(1.8 V) 0.8 V(0.6 V) OUTPUT 2.0 V(1.8 V) 0.8 V(0.6 V) 3.3 V(2.5 V) 0V t4 t3 Figure 4. Output-Output Skew OUTPUT VDD/2 VDD/2 OUTPUT t5 Figure 5. Input-Output Propagation Delay INPUT VDD/2 VDD/2 CLKOUT t6 Figure 6. Part-Part Skew VDD/2 Any output, Part 1 or 2 VDD/2 Any output, Part 1 or 2 t7 Document Number: 38-07759 Rev. *F Page 8 of 18 CY23EP05 Test Circuits Figure 7. Test Circuit Test Circuit # 1 V DD CLK 0.1 F OUTPUTS C LOAD V DD 0.1 F Document Number: 38-07759 Rev. *F GND GND Page 9 of 18 CY23EP05 Supplemental Parametric Information Delay REF Input to CLKn (ps) Figure 8. 2.5 V Typical Room Temperature Graph for REF Input to CLKn Delay versus Loading Difference between CLKOUT and CLKn 1500 1250 1000 750 500 250 0 -250 -500 -750 -1000 -1250 -1500 2.5V Standard Drive 2.5V High Drive -20 -10 0 10 20 Load CLKOUT- Load CLKn (pF) Data is shown for 66 MHz. Delay is a weak function of frequency. Figure 9. 3.3 V Typical Room Temperature Graph for REF Input to CLKn Delay versus Loading Difference between CLKOUT and CLKn Delay REF Input to CLKn (ps) 1000 3.3V Standard Drive 3.3V High Drive 800 600 400 200 0 -200 -400 -600 -800 -1000 -20 -10 0 10 20 Load CLKOUT- Load CLKn (pF) Data is shown for 66 MHz. Delay is a weak function of frequency. Document Number: 38-07759 Rev. *F Page 10 of 18 CY23EP05 Supplemental Parametric Information (continued) Figure 10. 2.7 V Measured Supply Current versus Frequency, Drive Strength, Loading, and Temperature 70 60 50 40 30 15pF, -45C, Standard Drive 15pF, 90C, Standard Drive 20 15pF, -45C, High Drive 15pF, 90C, High Drive 10 30pF, -45C, High Drive 30pF, 90C, High Drive 0 33 66 100 133 166 200 Frequency (MHz) Note that the 30 pF data above 100 MHz is beyond the data sheet specification of 22 pF. Figure 11. 3.6 V Measured Supply Current versus Frequency, Drive Strength, Loading, and Temperature 100 80 60 15pF, -45C, Standard Drive 15pF, 90C, Standard Drive 30pF, -45C, Standard Drive 30pF, 90C, Standard Drive 15pF, -45C, High Drive 15pF, 90C, High Drive 30pF, -45C, High Drive 30pF, 90C, High Drive 40 20 0 33 66 100 133 166 200 233 Frequency (MHz) Note that the 30-pF high-drive data above 100 MHz is beyond the data sheet specification of 22 pF. Document Number: 38-07759 Rev. *F Page 11 of 18 CY23EP05 Supplemental Parametric Information (continued) Figure 12. Typical 3.3 V Measured Cycle-to-cycle Jitter at 29 °C, versus Frequency, Drive Strength, and Loading 350 15 pF, Standard Drive 15 pF, High Drive 30 pF, Standard Drive 30 pF, High Drive 300 250 200 150 100 50 0 0 50 100 150 200 250 Frequency (MHz) Figure 13. Typical 2.5 V Measured Cycle-to-cycle Jitter at 29 °C, versus Frequency, Drive Strength, and Loading 400 15 pF, Standard Drive 15 pF, High Drive 30 pF, High Drive 350 300 250 200 150 100 50 0 0 20 40 60 80 100 120 140 160 180 200 Frequency (MHz) Figure 14. Typical 3.3 V Measured Period Jitter at 29 °C, versus Frequency, Drive Strength, and Loading 250 15 pF, Standard Drive 15 pF, High Drive 30 pF, Standard Drive 30 pF, High Drive 200 150 100 50 0 0 50 100 150 250 200 Frequency (MHz) Figure 15. Typical 2.5 V Measured Period Jitter at 29 °C, versus Frequency, Drive Strength, and Loading 250 15 pF, Standard Drive 15 pF, High Drive 30 pF, High Drive 200 150 100 50 0 0 20 40 60 80 100 120 140 160 180 200 Frequency (MHz) Document Number: 38-07759 Rev. *F Page 12 of 18 CY23EP05 Supplemental Parametric Information (continued) Figure 16. 100 MHz (top) and 156.25 MHz (bottom) Typical Phase-noise Data versus VDD and Drive Strength [11] -90 SSB Phase Noise (dBc/Hz) -100 3.3V High Drive 3.3V Standard Drive -110 -120 2.5V High Drive 2.5V Standard Drive -130 100 MHz -140 1.E+01 1.E+02 1.E+03 1.E+04 1.E+05 1.E+06 1.E+07 1.E+08 Offset Frequency (Hz) -90 SSB Phase Noise (dBc/Hz) -100 3.3V High Drive 3.3V Standard Drive -110 -120 2.5V High Drive -130 2.5V Standard Drive 156.25 MHz -140 1.E+01 1.E+02 1.E+03 1.E+04 1.E+05 1.E+06 1.E+07 1.E+08 Offset Frequency (Hz) Note 11. Typical jitter is measured at 3.3 V or 2.5 V, 29°C, with all outputs driven into the maximum specified load. Further information regarding jitter specifications may be found in the application notes, “Understanding Data Sheet Jitter Specifications for Cypress Products.” Document Number: 38-07759 Rev. *F Page 13 of 18 CY23EP05 Ordering Information Ordering Code Package Type Operating Range Pb-free CY23EP05SXC-1 8-pin SOIC Commercial CY23EP05SXC-1T 8-pin SOIC – Tape and Reel Commercial CY23EP05SXI-1 8-pin SOIC Industrial CY23EP05SXI-1T 8-pin SOIC – Tape and Reel Industrial CY23EP05SXC-1H 8-pin SOIC Commercial CY23EP05SXC-1HT 8-pin SOIC – Tape and Reel Commercial CY23EP05SXI-1H 8-pin SOIC Industrial CY23EP05SXI-1HT 8-pin SOIC – Tape and Reel Industrial Ordering Code Definitions CY 23EP05 S X X - XX X X = blank or T blank = Tube; T = Tape and Reel Output Drive: XX = 1 or 1 H 1 = Standard Drive; 1H = High Drive Temperature Range: X = C or I C = Commercial; I = Industrial Pb-free Package Type: S = 8-pin SOIC Base part number (Enhanced performance 5 output zero delay buffer) Company ID: CY = Cypress Document Number: 38-07759 Rev. *F Page 14 of 18 CY23EP05 Package Drawing and Dimensions Figure 17. 8-pin SOIC (150 Mils) S0815/SZ815/SW815 Package Outline, 51-85066 51-85066 *H Document Number: 38-07759 Rev. *F Page 15 of 18 CY23EP05 Acronyms Document Conventions Table 1. Acronyms Used in this Document Units of Measure Acronym Description Table 2. Units of Measure AC Alternating Current DC Direct Current dBc decibels relative to carrier PCI Peripheral Component Interconnect C degree Celsius PLL Phase-Locked Loop Hz hertz SDRAM Synchronous Dynamic Random Access Memory MHz megahertz SOIC Small-Outline Integrated Circuit A microampere mA milliampere W ohm pF picofarad ps picosecond V volt W watt Document Number: 38-07759 Rev. *F Symbol Unit of Measure Page 16 of 18 CY23EP05 Document History Page Document Title: CY23EP05, 2.5 V or 3.3 V,10–220 MHz, Low Jitter, 5 Output Zero Delay Buffer Document Number: 38-07759 Revision ECN Orig. of Change Submission Date ** 349620 RGL See ECN New data sheet *A 401073 RGL See ECN Updated Delay vs. Load graph with standard drive data Added Phase-noise graph Description of Change *B 413826 RGL See ECN Minor Change: typo – changed from CY23EP05SXC-T to CY23EP05SXC-1T *C 3273677 CXQ 06/07/2011 1) Added typical column to the Operating Conditions table. Included 3.3 V and 2.5 V typical specs for the two VDD rows. 2) All BW, ROUT, and Theta JA specs are moved to typical column with only dashes left in the Min and Max columns. Removed the “(typical)” note from the description cells for these specs. 3) All other specs just have a dash for the new typical column cells. 4) Changed Iil spec in Electrical Specifications (3.3 V DC) and Electrical Specifications (2.5 V DC) tables from +/– 10 µA max to –10 µA min and 10 µA max. 5) Added typical column to the DC Electrical Specifications tables. Typical column is all kept dashes except for the first row VDD (3.3 V or 2.5 V respectively). 6) Changed t7 spec from +/– 150 ps max to –150 ps min and 150 ps max (same for the 300 ps spec). 7) Updated package drawing to latest revision. 8) Added Ordering Code Definitions, Acronyms, Units sections. *D 4402737 AJU 06/09/2014 Updated Package Drawing and Dimensions: spec 51-85066 – Changed revision from *D to *F. Updated in new template. Completing Sunset Review. *E 4578443 AJU 11/25/2014 Added related documentation hyperlink in page 1. *F 5260402 PSR 05/05/2016 Updated Zero Delay and Skew Control section. Added Thermal Resistance. Updated the Cypress logo, copyright information, Sales, Solutions, and Legal Information based on the new template. Document Number: 38-07759 Rev. *F Page 17 of 18 CY23EP05 Sales, Solutions, and Legal Information Worldwide Sales and Design Support Cypress maintains a worldwide network of offices, solution centers, manufacturer’s representatives, and distributors. To find the office closest to you, visit us at Cypress Locations. PSoC®Solutions Products ARM® Cortex® Microcontrollers Automotive cypress.com/arm cypress.com/automotive Clocks & Buffers cypress.com/clocks Interface Lighting & Power Control PSoC 1 | PSoC 3 | PSoC 4 | PSoC 5LP Cypress Developer Community Forums | Projects | Video | Blogs | Training | Components cypress.com/interface cypress.com/powerpsoc Memory PSoC Touch Sensing USB Controllers Wireless/RF cypress.com/memory Technical Support cypress.com/support cypress.com/psoc cypress.com/touch cypress.com/usb cypress.com/wireless © Cypress Semiconductor Corporation, 2005-2016. This document is the property of Cypress Semiconductor Corporation and its subsidiaries, including Spansion LLC ("Cypress"). This document, including any software or firmware included or referenced in this document ("Software"), is owned by Cypress under the intellectual property laws and treaties of the United States and other countries worldwide. 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Cypress products are not designed, intended, or authorized for use as critical components in systems designed or intended for the operation of weapons, weapons systems, nuclear installations, life-support devices or systems, other medical devices or systems (including resuscitation equipment and surgical implants), pollution control or hazardous substances management, or other uses where the failure of the device or system could cause personal injury, death, or property damage ("Unintended Uses"). A critical component is any component of a device or system whose failure to perform can be reasonably expected to cause the failure of the device or system, or to affect its safety or effectiveness. Cypress is not liable, in whole or in part, and you shall and hereby do release Cypress from any claim, damage, or other liability arising from or related to all Unintended Uses of Cypress products. You shall indemnify and hold Cypress harmless from and against all claims, costs, damages, and other liabilities, including claims for personal injury or death, arising from or related to any Unintended Uses of Cypress products. Cypress, the Cypress logo, Spansion, the Spansion logo, and combinations thereof, PSoC, CapSense, EZ-USB, F-RAM, and Traveo are trademarks or registered trademarks of Cypress in the United States and other countries. For a more complete list of Cypress trademarks, visit cypress.com. Other names and brands may be claimed as property of their respective owners Document Number: 38-07759 Rev. *F Revised May 5, 2016 Page 18 of 18