TC7106/A/TC7107/A 3-1/2 Digit Analog-to-Digital Converters Features: General Description: • Internal Reference with Low Temperature Drift: - TC7106/7: 80ppm/°C Typical - TC7106A/7A: 20ppm/°C Typical • Drives LCD (TC7106) or LED (TC7107) Display Directly • Zero Reading with Zero Input • Low Noise for Stable Display • Auto-Zero Cycle Eliminates Need for Zero Adjustment • True Polarity Indication for Precision Null Applications • Convenient 9V Battery Operation (TC7106A) • High-Impedance CMOS Differential Inputs: 1012Ω • Differential Reference Inputs Simplify Ratiometric Measurements • Low-Power Operation: 10mW The TC7106A and TC7107A 3-1/2 digit direct display drive Analog-to-Digital Converters allow existing 7106/ 7107 based systems to be upgraded. Each device has a precision reference with a 20ppm/°C max temperature coefficient. This represents a 4 to 7 times improvement over similar 3-1/2 digit converters. Existing 7106 and 7107 based systems may be upgraded without changing external passive component values. The TC7107A drives common anode light emitting diode (LED) displays directly with 8mA per segment. A low cost, high resolution indicating meter requires only a display, four resistors, and four capacitors.The TC7106A low-power drain and 9V battery operation make it suitable for portable applications. Applications: • Thermometry • Bridge Readouts: Strain Gauges, Load Cells, Null Detectors • Digital Meters: Voltage/Current/Ohms/Power, pH • Digital Scales, Process Monitors • Portable Instrumentation The TC7106A/TC7107A reduces linearity error to less than 1 count. Rollover error – the difference in readings for equal magnitude, but opposite polarity input signals, is below ±1 count. High-impedance differential inputs offer 1pA leakage current and a 1012Ω input impedance. The differential reference input allows ratiometric measurements for ohms or bridge transducer measurements. The 15μVP–P noise performance ensures a “rock solid” reading. The auto-zero cycle ensures a zero display reading with a zero volts input. Device Selection Table Package Code Package Pin Layout Temperature Range Normal 0°C to +70°C CPI 40-Pin PDIP IPL 40-Pin PDIP Normal -25°C to +85°C IJL 40-Pin CERDIP Normal -25°C to +85°C CKW 44-Pin PQFP Formed Leads 0°C to +70°C CLW 44-Pin PLCC — 0°C to +70°C © 2006 Microchip Technology Inc. DS21455C-page 1 TC7106/A/TC7107/A Package Type 40-Pin PDIP 1's 10's 100's 1000's 40-Pin CERDIP 40 OSC1 OSC1 1 39 OSC2 OSC2 2 V+ 1 D1 2 C1 3 38 OSC3 OSC3 3 38 C1 B1 4 37 TEST TEST 4 37 B1 A1 5 36 VREF+ VREF+ 5 36 A1 F1 6 35 VREF- VREF- 6 35 G1 7 34 CREF+ CREF+ 7 E1 8 33 CREF- CREF- D2 9 Normal Pin Configuration TC7106ACPL TC7107AIPL 8 ANALOG 9 COMMON VIN+ 10 C2 10 32 ANALOG COMMON 31 VIN+ B2 11 30 VIN- VIN- 11 12 29 CAZ CAZ 12 A2 F2 13 28 VBUFF E2 27 VINT Reverse Configuration 40 V+ 39 D1 34 G1 TC7106AIJL TC7107AIJL 33 E1 32 D2 31 C2 30 B2 28 F2 27 E2 V- 15 26 D3 25 G2 G2 16 25 B3 F3 17 24 C3 C3 17 24 E3 18 23 A3 A3 18 23 E3 AB4 19 22 G3 26 V- B3 16 100's G3 19 21 BP/GND (7106A/7107A) POL 20 (Minus Sign) 100's 10's 29 A2 VBUFF 13 VINT 14 14 D3 15 1's F1 100's F3 22 AB4 1000's 21 POL (Minus Sign) BP/GND 20 (7106A/7107A) B1 C1 D1 V+ NC OSC1 OSC2 OSC3 TEST REF HI REF HI REF LO CREF CREF COM IN HI IN LO A/Z BUFF INT V- 44-Pin PQFP A1 44-Pin PLCC 6 5 4 3 2 1 44 43 42 41 40 44 43 42 41 40 39 38 37 36 35 34 F1 7 39 REF LO NC 1 33 NC G1 8 38 CREF NC 2 32 G2 E1 9 37 CREF TEST 3 31 C3 D2 10 36 COMMON OSC3 4 30 A3 C2 11 35 IN HI NC 5 29 G3 NC 12 34 NC OSC2 6 28 BP/GND B2 13 33 IN LO OSC1 7 27 POL A2 14 32 A/Z V+ 8 26 AB4 TC7106ACLW TC7107ACLW TC7106ACKW TC7107ACKW 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 G1 E1 D2 C2 B2 A2 F2 E2 D3 B3 F1 23 A1 11 G2 B1 C3 29 V- A3 17 G3 F3 D3 BP/GND E3 24 NC 25 10 POL 9 C1 AB4 D1 30 INT E3 31 BUFF 16 F3 15 B3 F2 E2 DS21455C-page 2 © 2006 Microchip Technology Inc. TC7106/A/TC7107/A Typical Application 0.1μF 1MΩ + Analog Input – 31 34 33 CREF+ CREF- VIN+ 2 - 19 22 - 25 30 VIN- POL 32 ANALOG COMMON 0.01μF 28 47kΩ 27 BP V+ Segment Drive 20 21 Minus Sign Backplane Drive 1 TC7106/A TC7107/A 24kΩ + VBUFF VREF VREF+ 36 0.47μF 29 0.22μF LCD Display (TC7106/A) or Common Node w/ LED Display (TC7107/A) CAZ 1kΩ 9V VREF- 35 100mV VINT VOSC2 OSC3 OSC1 39 38 COSC 40 ROSC 100pF 26 To Analog Common (Pin 32) 3 Conversions/Sec 200mV Full Scale 100kΩ © 2006 Microchip Technology Inc. DS21455C-page 3 TC7106/A/TC7107/A 1.0 ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS Absolute Maximum Ratings* TC7106A Supply Voltage (V+ to V-) .......................................15V Analog Input Voltage (either Input) (Note 1) ... V+ to VReference Input Voltage (either Input) ............ V+ to VClock Input ................................................... Test to V+ Package Power Dissipation (TA ≤ 70°C) (Note 2): 40-Pin CERDIP .......................................2.29W 40-Pin PDIP ............................................1.23W 44-Pin PLCC ...........................................1.23W 44-Pin PQFP ...........................................1.00W *Stresses above those listed under “Absolute Maximum Ratings” may cause permanent damage to the device. These are stress ratings only and functional operation of the device at these or any other conditions above those indicated in the operation sections of the specifications is not implied. Exposure to Absolute Maximum Rating conditions for extended periods may affect device reliability. Operating Temperature Range: C (Commercial) Devices .............. 0°C to +70°C I (Industrial) Devices ................-25°C to +85°C Storage Temperature Range ..............-65°C to +150°C TC7107A Supply Voltage (V+) ...............................................+6V Supply Voltage (V-)..................................................-9V Analog Input Voltage (either Input) (Note 1) ... V+ to VReference Input Voltage (either Input) ............ V+ to VClock Input ..................................................GND to V+ Package Power Dissipation (TA ≤ 70°C) (Note 2): 40-Pin CERDip ........................................2.29W 40-Pin PDIP ............................................1.23W 44-Pin PLCC ...........................................1.23W 44-Pin PQFP ...........................................1.00W Operating Temperature Range: C (Commercial) Devices .............. 0°C to +70°C I (Industrial) Devices ................-25°C to +85°C Storage Temperature Range ..............-65°C to +150°C DS21455C-page 4 © 2006 Microchip Technology Inc. TC7106/A/TC7107/A TABLE 1-1: TC7106/A AND TC7107/A ELECTRICAL SPECIFICATIONS Electrical Characteristics: Unless otherwise noted, specifications apply to both the TC7106/A and TC7107/A at TA = 25°C, fCLOCK = 48kHz. Parts are tested in the circuit of the Typical Operating Circuit. Symbol Min Typ Max Zero Input Reading -000.0 ±000.0 +000.0 Digital VIN = 0.0V Reading Full Scale = 200.0mV Ratiometric Reading 999 999/1000 1000 Rollover Error (Difference in Reading for Equal Positive and Negative Reading Near Full Scale) -1 ±0.2 +1 Digital VIN = VREF Reading VREF = 100mV Counts VIN- = + VIN+ ≅ 200mV Linearity (Max. Deviation from Best Straight Line Fit) -1 ±0.2 +1 Counts Full Scale = 200mV or Full Scale = 2.000V CMRR Common Mode Rejection Ratio (Note 3) — 50 — μV/V VCM = ±1V, VIN = 0V, Full Scale = 200.0mV eN Noise (Peak to Peak Value not Exceeded 95% of Time) — 15 — μV VIN = 0V Full Scale - 200.0mV IL Leakage Current at Input — 1 10 pA VIN = 0V Zero Reading Drift — 0.2 1 μV/°C VIN = 0V “C” Device = 0°C to +70°C — 1.0 2 μV/°C VIN = 0V “I” Device = -25°C to +85°C — 1 5 ppm/°C VIN = 199.0mV, “C” Device = 0°C to +70°C (Ext. Ref = 0ppm°C) — — 20 ppm/°C VIN = 199.0mV “I” Device = -25°C to +85°C ZIR R/O TCSF Parameter Scale Factor Temperature Coefficient Unit Test Conditions IDD Supply Current (Does not include LED Current For TC7107/A) — 0.8 1.8 mA VIN = 0.8 VC Analog Common Voltage (with Respect to Positive Supply) 2.7 3.05 3.35 V 25kΩ Between Common and Positive Supply VCTC Temperature Coefficient of Analog Common (with Respect to Positive Supply) — — — — 25kΩ Between Common and Positive Supply 7106/7/A 7106/7 20 80 50 — ppm/°C ppm/°C 0°C ≤ TA ≤ +70°C (“C” Commercial Temperature Range Devices) 0°C ≤ TA ≤ +70°C (“I” Industrial Temperature Range Devices) VCTC Temperature Coefficient of Analog Common (with Respect to Positive Supply) — — 75 ppm/°C VSD TC7106A ONLY Peak to Peak Segment Drive Voltage 4 5 6 V V+ to V- = 9V (Note 4) VBD TC7106A ONLY Peak to Peak Backplane Drive Voltage 4 5 6 V V+ to V- = 9V (Note 4) TC7107A ONLY Segment Sinking Current (Except Pin 19) 5 8.0 — mA V+ = 5.0V Segment Voltage = 3V TC7107A ONLY Segment Sinking Current (Pin 19) 10 16 — mA V+ = 5.0V Segment Voltage = 3V Note 1: 2: 3: 4: Input voltages may exceed the supply voltages, provided the input current is limited to ±100μA. Dissipation rating assumes device is mounted with all leads soldered to printed circuit board. Refer to “Differential Input” discussion. Backplane drive is in phase with segment drive for “OFF” segment, 180° out of phase for “ON” segment. Frequency is 20 times conversion rate. Average DC component is less than 50mV. © 2006 Microchip Technology Inc. DS21455C-page 5 TC7106/A/TC7107/A 2.0 PIN DESCRIPTIONS The descriptions of the pins are listed in Table 2-1. TABLE 2-1: PIN FUNCTION TABLE Pin Number (40-Pin PDIP) Normal Pin No. (40-Pin PDIP) (Reversed Symbol 1 (40) V+ Positive supply voltage. Description 2 (39) D1 Activates the D section of the units display. 3 (38) C1 Activates the C section of the units display. 4 (37) B1 Activates the B section of the units display. 5 (36) A1 Activates the A section of the units display. 6 (35) F1 Activates the F section of the units display. 7 (34) G1 Activates the G section of the units display. 8 (33) E1 Activates the E section of the units display. 9 (32) D2 Activates the D section of the tens display. 10 (31) C2 Activates the C section of the tens display. 11 (30) B2 Activates the B section of the tens display. 12 (29) A2 Activates the A section of the tens display. 13 (28) F2 Activates the F section of the tens display. 14 (27) E2 Activates the E section of the tens display. 15 (26) D3 Activates the D section of the hundreds display. 16 (25) B3 Activates the B section of the hundreds display. 17 (24) F3 Activates the F section of the hundreds display. 18 (23) E3 Activates the E section of the hundreds display. 19 (22) AB4 20 (21) POL 21 (20) BP/GND 22 (19) G3 Activates the G section of the hundreds display. 23 (18) A3 Activates the A section of the hundreds display. 24 (17) C3 Activates the C section of the hundreds display. 25 (16) G2 Activates the G section of the tens display. Activates both halves of the 1 in the thousands display. Activates the negative polarity display. LCD Backplane drive output (TC7106A). Digital Ground (TC7107A). 26 (15) V- 27 (14) VINT Negative power supply voltage. 28 (13) VBUFF Integration resistor connection. Use a 47kΩ resistor for a 200mV full scale range and a 47kΩ resistor for 2V full scale range. 29 (12) CAZ The size of the auto-zero capacitor influences system noise. Use a 0.47μF capacitor for 200mV full scale, and a 0.047μF capacitor for 2V full scale. See Section 7.1 “Auto-Zero Capacitor (CAZ)” on Auto-Zero Capacitor for more details. Integrator output. Connection point for integration capacitor. See INTEGRATING CAPACITOR section for more details. 30 (11) VIN- The analog LOW input is connected to this pin. 31 (10) VIN+ The analog HIGH input signal is connected to this pin. 32 (9) ANALOG This pin is primarily used to set the Analog Common mode voltage for battery operaCOMMON tion or in systems where the input signal is referenced to the power supply. It also acts as a reference voltage source. See Section 8.3 “Analog Common (Pin 32)” on ANALOG COMMON for more details. 33 (8) CREF- See Pin 34. 34 (7) CREF+ A 0.1μF capacitor is used in most applications. If a large Common mode voltage exists (for example, the VIN- pin is not at analog common), and a 200mV scale is used, a 1μF capacitor is recommended and will hold the rollover error to 0.5 count. 35 (6) VREF- See Pin 36. DS21455C-page 6 © 2006 Microchip Technology Inc. TC7106/A/TC7107/A TABLE 2-1: PIN FUNCTION TABLE (CONTINUED) Pin Number (40-Pin PDIP) Normal Pin No. (40-Pin PDIP) (Reversed Symbol Description 36 (5) VREF+ The analog input required to generate a full scale output (1999 counts). Place 100mV between Pins 35 and 36 for 199.9mV full scale. Place 1V between Pins 35 and 36 for 2V full scale. See paragraph on Reference Voltage. 37 (4) TEST Lamp test. When pulled HIGH (to V+) all segments will be turned on and the display should read -1888. It may also be used as a negative supply for externally generated decimal points. See paragraph under TEST for additional information. 38 (3) OSC3 See Pin 40. 39 (2) OSC2 See Pin 40. 40 (1) OSC1 Pins 40, 39, 38 make up the oscillator section. For a 48kHz clock (3 readings per section), connect Pin 40 to the junction of a 100kΩ resistor and a 100pF capacitor. The 100kΩ resistor is tied to Pin 39 and the 100pF capacitor is tied to Pin 38. © 2006 Microchip Technology Inc. DS21455C-page 7 TC7106/A/TC7107/A 3.0 DETAILED DESCRIPTION For a constant VIN: (All Pin designations refer to 40-Pin PDIP.) 3.1 EQUATION 3-2: Dual Slope Conversion Principles The TC7106A and TC7107A are dual slope, integrating Analog-to-Digital Converters. An understanding of the dual slope conversion technique will aid in following the detailed operation theory. The conventional dual slope converter measurement cycle has two distinct phases: • Input Signal Integration • Reference Voltage Integration (De-integration) The input signal being converted is integrated for a fixed time period (TSI). Time is measured by counting clock pulses. An opposite polarity constant reference voltage is then integrated until the integrator output voltage returns to zero. The reference integration time is directly proportional to the input signal (TRI). See Figure 3-1. VIN = VR TRI TSI The dual slope converter accuracy is unrelated to the integrating resistor and capacitor values as long as they are stable during a measurement cycle. An inherent benefit is noise immunity. Noise spikes are integrated or averaged to zero during the integration periods. Integrating ADCs are immune to the large conversion errors that plague successive approximation converters in high noise environments. Interfering signals with frequency components at multiples of the averaging period will be attenuated. Integrating ADCs commonly operate with the signal integration period set to a multiple of the 50/60Hz power line period (see Figure 3-2). C Analog Input Signal Integrator – + +/– Comparator – + Switch Driver Phase Control REF Voltage Clock Control Logic Polarity Control Normal Mode Rejection (dB) 30 20 10 T = Measured Period 0 0.1/T Counter Integrator Output DISPLAY VIN » VREF VIN » 1/2 VREF Fixed Signal Integrate Time 1/T Input Frequency 10/T FIGURE 3-2: Normal Mode Rejection of Dual Slope Converter Variable Reference Integrate Time FIGURE 3-1: Basic Dual Slope Converter In a simple dual slope converter, a complete conversion requires the integrator output to “ramp-up” and “ramp-down.” A simple mathematical equation relates the input signal, reference voltage and integration time. EQUATION 3-1: 1 RC ∫0 TSI VIN(t)dt = VRTRI RC Where: VR = Reference voltage TSI = Signal integration time (fixed) TRI = Reference voltage integration time (variable). DS21455C-page 8 © 2006 Microchip Technology Inc. TC7106/A/TC7107/A 4.0 ANALOG SECTION In addition to the basic signal integrate and deintegrate cycles discussed, the circuit incorporates an auto-zero cycle. This cycle removes buffer amplifier, integrator, and comparator offset voltage error terms from the conversion. A true digital zero reading results without adjusting external potentiometers. A complete conversion consists of three cycles: an auto-zero, signal integrate and reference integrate cycle. 4.1 The auto-zero cycle length is 1000 to 3000 counts. Signal Integrate Cycle The auto-zero loop is entered and the internal differential inputs connect to VIN+ and VIN-. The differential input signal is integrated for a fixed time period. The TC7136/A signal integration period is 1000 clock periods or counts. The externally set clock frequency is divided by four before clocking the internal counters. The integration time period is: EQUATION 4-1: TSI = 4 x 1000 FOSC Where: FOSC = external clock frequency. The differential input voltage must be within the device Common mode range when the converter and measured system share the same power supply common (ground). If the converter and measured system do not share the same power supply common, VIN- should be tied to analog common. Polarity is determined at the end of signal integrate phase. The sign bit is a true polarity indication, in that signals less than 1LSB are correctly determined. This allows precision null detection limited only by device noise and auto-zero residual offsets. 4.3 The time required for the output to return to zero is proportional to the input signal and is between 0 and 2000 counts. The digital reading displayed is: EQUATION 4-2: Auto-Zero Cycle During the auto-zero cycle, the differential input signal is disconnected from the circuit by opening internal analog gates. The internal nodes are shorted to analog common (ground) to establish a zero input condition. Additional analog gates close a feedback loop around the integrator and comparator. This loop permits comparator offset voltage error compensation. The voltage level established on CAZ compensates for device offset voltages. The offset error referred to the input is less than 10μV. 4.2 reference capacitor. Circuitry within the chip ensures that the capacitor will be connected with the correct polarity to cause the integrator output to return to zero. Reference Integrate Phase The third phase is reference integrate or de-integrate. VIN- is internally connected to analog common and VIN+ is connected across the previously charged © 2006 Microchip Technology Inc. 1000 = 5.0 VIN VREF DIGITAL SECTION (TC7106A) The TC7106A (Figure 5-2) contains all the segment drivers necessary to directly drive a 3-1/2 digit liquid crystal display (LCD). An LCD backplane driver is included. The backplane frequency is the external clock frequency divided by 800. For three conversions/ second, the backplane frequency is 60Hz with a 5V nominal amplitude. When a segment driver is in phase with the backplane signal, the segment is “OFF.” An out of phase segment drive signal causes the segment to be “ON” or visible. This AC drive configuration results in negligible DC voltage across each LCD segment. This insures long LCD display life. The polarity segment driver is “ON” for negative analog inputs. If VIN+ and VIN- are reversed, this indicator will reverse. When the TEST pin on the TC7106A is pulled to V+, all segments are turned “ON.” The display reads -1888. During this mode, the LCD segments have a constant DC voltage impressed. DO NOT LEAVE THE DISPLAY IN THIS MODE FOR MORE THAN SEVERAL MINUTES! LCD displays may be destroyed if operated with DC levels for extended periods. The display font and the segment drive assignment are shown in Figure 5-1. Display Font 1000's FIGURE 5-1: Assignment 100's 10's 1's Display Font and Segment In the TC7106A, an internal digital ground is generated from a 6-volt zener diode and a large P channel source follower. This supply is made stiff to absorb the large capacitive currents when the backplane voltage is switched. DS21455C-page 9 FIGURE 5-2: DS21455C-page 10 VIN- ANALOG COMMON VIN+ 30 32 31 INT A/Z DE (–) DE (+) + – + – V+ – 3.0V 33 CREF- VBUFF 26 V- A/Z 35 VREF- AZ & DE (±) DE (+) DE (–) A/Z 36 VREF+ 34 INT 10 mA CREF+ CREF TC7106A 1 Low Tempco VREF 28 V+ RINT – + Thousands To Digital Section ROSC 39 OSC2 Clock COSC 38 OSC3 ÷4 Hundreds 7 Segment Decode VTH = 1V Control Logic Tens Data Latch 7 Segment Decode LCD Segment Drivers LCD Display Internal Digital Ground FOSC To Switch Drivers From Comparator Output 27 VINT CINT Comparator 40 OSC1 A/Z + – 29 Integrator CAZ Segment Output V+ Internal Digital Ground 2mA 0.5mA Typical Segment Output Units 7 Segment Decode 500Ω 6.2V 26 37 1 V- TEST V+ Backplane ÷ 200 21 TC7106/A/TC7107/A TC7106A Block Diagram © 2006 Microchip Technology Inc. TC7106/A/TC7107/A 6.0 DIGITAL SECTION (TC7107A) Figure 6-2 shows a TC7107A block diagram. It is designed to drive common anode LEDs. It is identical to the TC7106A, except that the regulated supply and backplane drive have been eliminated and the segment drive is typically 8mA. The 1000’s output (Pin 19) sinks current from two LED segments, and has a 16mA drive capability. In both devices, the polarity indication is “ON” for negative analog inputs. If VIN- and VIN+ are reversed, this indication can be reversed also, if desired. The display font is the same as the TC7106A. 6.1 System Timing TC7106A TC7107A ÷4 39 40 To Counter 38 Crystal EXT OSC RC Network To TEST Pin on TSC7106A To GND Pin on TSC7107A FIGURE 6-1: Clock Circuits The oscillator frequency is divided by 4 prior to clocking the internal decade counters. The four-phase measurement cycle takes a total of 4000 counts, or 16,000 clock pulses. The 4000-count cycle is independent of input signal magnitude. Each phase of the measurement cycle has the following length: 1. Auto-zero phase: 1000 to 3000 counts (4000 to 12000 clock pulses). For signals less than full scale, the auto-zero phase is assigned the unused reference integrate time period: 2. Signal integrate: 1000 counts (4000 clock pulses). This time period is fixed. The integration period is: EQUATION 6-1: TSI = 4000 ⎛ 1 ⎞ ⎝FOSC ⎠ Where: FOSC is the externally set clock frequency. 3. Reference Integrate: 0 to 2000 counts (0 to 8000 clock pulses). The TC7106A/7107A are drop-in replacements for the 7106/7107 parts. External component value changes are not required to benefit from the low drift internal reference. 6.2 Clock Circuit Three clocking methods may be used (see Figure 6-1): 1. 2. 3. An external oscillator connected to Pin 40. A crystal between Pins 39 and 40. An RC oscillator using all three pins. © 2006 Microchip Technology Inc. DS21455C-page 11 FIGURE 6-2: DS21455C-page 12 VIN- ANALOG COMMON VIN+ 30 32 31 INT A/Z DE (–) DE (+) + – 26 V+ – 3.0V + – CREF- VBUFF 33 V- A/Z 35 VREF- AZ & DE (±) DE (+) DE (–) A/Z 36 VREF+ 34 INT 10 mA CREF+ CREF TC7107A 1 Low Tempco VREF 28 V+ RINT – + 27 ROSC 39 OSC2 Clock Thousands To Digital Section COSC 38 OSC3 FOSC To Switch Drivers from Comparator Output VINT CINT Comparator 40 OSC1 A/Z + – 29 Integrator CAZ V+ Segment Output Internal Digital Ground 8mA 0.5mA Typical Segment Output Digital Ground ÷4 Hundreds 7 Segment Decode Logic Control Tens Data Latch 7 Segment Decode LCD Segment Drivers Led Display 500Ω Units 37 TEST 7 Segment Decode 21 1 Digital Ground V+ TC7106/A/TC7107/A TC7107A Block Diagram © 2006 Microchip Technology Inc. TC7106/A/TC7107/A 7.0 7.1 COMPONENT VALUE SELECTION Auto-Zero Capacitor (CAZ) The CAZ capacitor size has some influence on system noise. A 0.47μF capacitor is recommended for 200mV full scale applications where 1LSB is 100μV. A 0.047μF capacitor is adequate for 2.0V full scale applications. A mylar type dielectric capacitor is adequate. 7.2 Reference Voltage Capacitor (CREF) The reference voltage used to ramp the integrator output voltage back to zero during the reference integrate cycle is stored on CREF. A 0.1μF capacitor is acceptable when VIN- is tied to analog common. If a large Common mode voltage exists (VREF- – analog common) and the application requires 200mV full scale, increase CREF to 1.0μF. Rollover error will be held to less than 1/2 count. A mylar dielectric capacitor is adequate. 7.3 Integrating Capacitor (CINT) CINT should be selected to maximize the integrator output voltage swing without causing output saturation. Due to the TC7106A/7107A superior temperature coefficient specification, analog common will normally supply the differential voltage reference. For this case, a ±2V full scale integrator output swing is satisfactory. For 3 readings/second (FOSC = 48kHz), a 0.22μF value is suggested. If a different oscillator frequency is used, CINT must be changed in inverse proportion to maintain the nominal ±2V integrator swing. An exact expression for CINT is: EQUATION 7-1: (4000) CINT = Where: FOSC = VFS = RINT = VINT = ⎛ 1 ⎞ ⎛ VFS ⎞ ⎝FOSC ⎠ ⎝RINT ⎠ VINT Clock Frequency at Pin 38 Full Scale Input Voltage Integrating Resistor Desired Full Scale Integrator Output Swing CINT must have low dielectric absorption to minimize rollover error. A polypropylene capacitor is recommended. © 2006 Microchip Technology Inc. 7.4 Integrating Resistor (RINT) The input buffer amplifier and integrator are designed with class A output stages. The output stage idling current is 100μA. The integrator and buffer can supply 20μA drive currents with negligible linearity errors. RINT is chosen to remain in the output stage linear drive region, but not so large that printed circuit board leakage currents induce errors. For a 200mV full scale, RINT is 47kΩ. 2.0V full scale requires 470kΩ. Nominal Full Scale Voltage Component Value 200.0mV 2.000V CAZ 0.47μF 0.047μF RINT 47kΩ 470kΩ CINT 0.22μF 0.22μF Note: 7.5 FOSC = 48kHz (3 readings per sec). Oscillator Components ROSC (Pin 40 to Pin 39) should be 100kΩ. COSC is selected using the equation: EQUATION 7-2: FOSC = 0.45 RC For FOSC of 48kHz, COSC is 100pF nominally. Note that FOSC is divided by four to generate the TC7106A internal control clock. The backplane drive signal is derived by dividing FOSC by 800. To achieve maximum rejection of 60Hz noise pickup, the signal integrate period should be a multiple of 60Hz. Oscillator frequencies of 240kHz, 120kHz, 80kHz, 60kHz, 48kHz, 40kHz, etc. should be selected. For 50Hz rejection, oscillator frequencies of 200kHz, 100kHz, 66-2/3kHz, 50kHz, 40kHz, etc. would be suitable. Note that 40kHz (2.5 readings/second) will reject both 50Hz and 60Hz. 7.6 Reference Voltage Selection A full scale reading (2000 counts) requires the input signal be twice the reference voltage. Required Full Scale Voltage* VREF 200.0mV 100.0mV 2.000V 1.000V * VFS = 2VREF. DS21455C-page 13 TC7106/A/TC7107/A In some applications, a scale factor other than unity may exist between a transducer output voltage and the required digital reading. Assume, for example, a pressure transducer output is 400mV for 2000 lb/in2. Rather than dividing the input voltage by two, the reference voltage should be set to 200mV. This permits the transducer input to be used directly. The differential reference can also be used when a digital zero reading is required when VIN is not equal to zero. This is common in temperature measuring instrumentation. A compensating offset voltage can be applied between analog common and VIN-. The transducer output is connected between VIN+ and analog common. The internal voltage reference potential available at analog common will normally be used to supply the converter’s reference. This potential is stable whenever the supply potential is greater than approximately 7V. In applications where an externally generated reference voltage is desired, refer to Figure 7-1. DS21455C-page 14 V+ V+ V+ VREF+ 6.8V Zener VREF- TC7106A TC7107A V+ 6.8kΩ TC7106A 20kΩ TC7107A IZ VREF+ VREF- 1.2V Ref Common (a) FIGURE 7-1: (b) External Reference © 2006 Microchip Technology Inc. TC7106/A/TC7107/A 8.0 DEVICE PIN FUNCTIONAL DESCRIPTION 8.1 Differential Signal Inputs VIN+ (Pin 31), VIN- (Pin 30) 8.2 The reference voltage can be generated anywhere within the V+ to V- power supply range. The TC7106A/7017A is designed with true differential inputs and accepts input signals within the input stage common mode voltage range (VCM). The typical range is V+ – 1.0 to V+ + 1V. Common mode voltages are removed from the system when the TC7106A/ TC7107A operates from a battery or floating power source (isolated from measured system) and VIN- is connected to analog common (VCOM) (see Figure 8-2). In systems where Common mode voltages exist, the 86dB Common mode rejection ratio minimizes error. Common mode voltages do, however, affect the integrator output level. Integrator output saturation must be prevented. A worst-case condition exists if a large positive VCM exists in conjunction with a full scale negative differential signal. The negative signal drives the integrator output positive along with VCM (see Figure ). For such applications the integrator output swing can be reduced below the recommended 2.0V full scale swing. The integrator output will swing within 0.3V of V+ or V- without increasing linearity errors. CI + Input Buffer RI + – VIN – VI + Integrator – VCM VI = Where: TI RI CI Differential Reference VREF+ (Pin 36), VREF- (Pin 35) [ VCM – VIN [ 4000 TI = Integration Time = F OSC CI = Integration Capacitor RI = Integration Resistor To prevent rollover type errors being induced by large Common mode voltages, CREF should be large compared to stray node capacitance. The TC7106A/TC7107A circuits have a significantly lower analog common temperature coefficient. This gives a very stable voltage suitable for use as a reference. The temperature coefficient of analog common is 20ppm/°C typically. 8.3 Analog Common (Pin 32) The analog common pin is set at a voltage potential approximately 3.0V below V+. The potential is between 2.7V and 3.35V below V+. Analog common is tied internally to the N channel FET capable of sinking 20mA. This FET will hold the common line at 3.0V should an external load attempt to pull the common line toward V+. Analog common source current is limited to 10μA. Analog common is, therefore, easily pulled to a more negative voltage (i.e., below V+ – 3.0V). The TC7106A connects the internal VIN+ and VINinputs to analog common during the auto-zero cycle. During the reference integrate phase, VIN- is connected to analog common. If VIN- is not externally connected to analog common, a Common mode voltage exists. This is rejected by the converter’s 86dB Common mode rejection ratio. In battery operation, analog common and VIN- are usually connected, removing Common mode voltage concerns. In systems where Vis connected to the power supply ground, or to a given voltage, analog common should be connected to VIN-. FIGURE 8-1: Common Mode Voltage Reduces Available Integrator Swing (VCOM ≠ VIN) © 2006 Microchip Technology Inc. DS21455C-page 15 TC7106/A/TC7107/A Segment Drive Measured System V+ V- VBUF VINT POL BP OSC1 TC7106A OSC3 VIN+ VIN- GND CAZ LCD Display OSC2 V- Analog Common VREF- VREF+ V+ V+ V- GND Power Source Common Mode Voltage Removed in Battery Operation with VIN- = Analog Common The analog common pin serves to set the analog section reference or common point. The TC7106A is specifically designed to operate from a battery, or in any measurement system where input signals are not referenced (float), with respect to the TC7106A power source. The analog common potential of V+ – 3.0V gives a 6V end of battery life voltage. The common potential has a 0.001% voltage coefficient and a 15Ω output impedance. With sufficiently high total supply voltage (V+ – V- > 7.0V), analog common is a very stable potential with excellent temperature stability, typically 20ppm/°C. This potential can be used to generate the reference voltage. An external voltage reference will be unnecessary in most cases because of the 50ppm/°C maximum temperature coefficient. See Internal Voltage Reference discussion. 8.4 9V TEST (Pin 37) The TEST pin potential is 5V less than V+. TEST may be used as the negative power supply connection for external CMOS logic. The TEST pin is tied to the internally generated negative logic supply (Internal Logic Ground) through a 500Ω resistor in the TC7106A. The TEST pin load should be no more than 1mA. If TEST is pulled to V+ all segments plus the minus sign will be activated. Do not operate in this mode for more than several minutes with the TC7106A. With TEST = V+, the LCD segments are impressed with a DC voltage which will destroy the LCD. do not need to be changed. Figure 8-4 shows analog common supplying the necessary voltage reference for the TC7106A/TC7107A. 200 Temperature Coefficient (ppm/°C) FIGURE 8-2: + 180 No Maximum Specified 160 No Maximum Specified 140 Typical 120 Maximum Limit 80 Typical 40 20 TC 7106A 0 ICL7106 1 V- 24kΩ V+ TC7106A TC7107A VREF+ 36 1kΩ VREF VREF- 35 Analog 32 Common Set VREF = 1/2 VFULL SCALE FIGURE 8-4: Connection DS21455C-page 16 ICL7136 FIGURE 8-3: Analog Common Temperature Coefficient Internal Voltage Reference The analog common voltage temperature stability has been significantly improved (Figure 8-3). The “A” version of the industry standard circuits allow users to upgrade old systems and design new systems without external voltage references. External R and C values Typical 60 The TEST pin will sink about 10mA when pulled to V+. 8.5 No Maximum Specified 100 Internal Voltage Reference © 2006 Microchip Technology Inc. TC7106/A/TC7107/A 9.0 POWER SUPPLIES 9.1 The TC7107A is designed to work from ±5V supplies. However, if a negative supply is not available, it can be generated from the clock output with two diodes, two capacitors, and an inexpensive IC (Figure 9-1). V+ CD4009 0.047 μF OSC3 TC7107A The TC7107A sinks the LED display current and this causes heat to build up in the IC package. If the internal voltage reference is used, the changing chip temperature can cause the display to change reading. By reducing the LED common anode voltage, the TC7107A package power dissipation is reduced. Figure 9-3 is a curve tracer display showing the relationship between output current and output voltage for a typical TC7107CPL. Since a typical LED has 1.8 volts across it at 7mA, and its common anode is connected to +5V, the TC7107A output is at 3.2V (point A on Figure 9-3). Maximum power dissipation is 8.1mA x 3.2V x 24 segments = 622mW. V+ OSC1 OSC2 TC7107 Power Dissipation Reduction 1N914 10 + μF – 1N914 GND V10.000 FIGURE 9-1: From +5V Generating Negative Supply In selected applications a negative supply is not required. The conditions to use a single +5V supply are: • The input signal can be referenced to the center of the Common mode range of the converter. • The signal is less than ±1.5V. • An external reference is used. The TSC7660 DC to DC converter may be used to generate -5V from +5V (Figure 9-2). 1 36 V+ V REF+ VREFCOM 35 32 TC7107A VIN+ 31 VIN VINV- GND 26 8 10μF + 2 4 TC7660 5 30 21 (-5V) 9.000 A 8.000 B C 7.000 6.000 2.00 2.50 3.00 3.50 4.00 Out put V o lt a ge ( V ) FIGURE 9-3: Output Voltage TC7107 Output Current vs. Notice, however, that once the TC7107A output voltage is above two volts, the LED current is essentially constant as output voltage increases. Reducing the output voltage by 0.7V (point B in Figure 9-3) results in 7.7mA of LED current, only a 5 percent reduction. Maximum power dissipation is only 7.7mA x 2.5V x 24 = 462mW, a reduction of 26%. An output voltage reduction of 1 volt (point C) reduces LED current by 10% (7.3mA) but power dissipation by 38% (7.3mA x 2.2V x 24 = 385mW). +5V LED DRIVE Output Current (mA) V- = -3.3V Reduced power dissipation is very easy to obtain. Figure shows two ways: either a 5.1 ohm, 1/4 watt resistor or a 1 Amp diode placed in series with the display (but not in series with the TC7107A). The resistor will reduce the TC7107A output voltage, when all 24 segments are “ON,” to point “C” of Figure . When segments turn off, the output voltage will increase. The diode, on the other hand, will result in a relatively steady output voltage, around point “B.” 3 + 10μF FIGURE 9-2: Negative Power Supply Generation with TC7660 © 2006 Microchip Technology Inc. DS21455C-page 17 TC7106/A/TC7107/A In addition to limiting maximum power dissipation, the resistor reduces the change in power dissipation as the display changes. This effect is caused by the fact that, as fewer segments are “ON,” each “ON” output drops more voltage and current. For the best case of six segments (a “111” display) to worst-case (a “1888” display), the resistor will change about 230mW, while a circuit without the resistor will change about 470mW. Therefore, the resistor will reduce the effect of display dissipation on reference voltage drift by about 50%. The change in LED brightness caused by the resistor is almost unnoticeable as more segments turn off. If display brightness remaining steady is very important to the designer, a diode may be used instead of the resistor. +5V 24kΩ + -5V IN – 1MΩ 150Ω TP3 1kΩ 100 pF TP5 100 kΩ TP2 TP1 0.47 μF 0.22 μF 0.01 μF 0.1 μF 40 30 TC7107A 1 Display 47 kΩ 10 TP 4 21 20 Display 5.1Ω 1/4W 1N4001 FIGURE 9-4: Diode or Resistor Limits Package Power Dissipation DS21455C-page 18 © 2006 Microchip Technology Inc. TC7106/A/TC7107/A 10.0 TYPICAL APPLICATIONS 10.1 Liquid Crystal Display Sources V+ V+ Several manufacturers supply standard LCDs to interface with the TC7106A 3-1/2 digit analog-to-digital converter. Manufacturer Address/Phone 5282 Hudson Dr. Hudson, OH 44236 216-655-2429 C5335, H5535, T5135, SX440 AND 720 Palomar Ave. Sunnyvale, CA 94086 408-523-8200 FE 0201, 0701 FE 0203, 0701 FE 0501 Epson 3415 Kashikawa st. Torrance, CA 90505 213-534-0360 LD-B709BZ LD-H7992AZ 612 E. Lake St. Lake Mills, WI 53551 414-648-236100 3902, 3933, 3903 Note: 10.2 TEST V+ Light Emitting Diode Display Sources Manufacturer Address/Phone Display 640 Page Mill Rd. Palo Alto, CA 94304 LED AND 720 Palomar Ave. Sunnyvale, CA 94086 408-523-8200 LED Decimal Point and Annunciator Drive The TEST pin is connected to the internally generated digital logic supply ground through a 500Ω resistor. The TEST pin may be used as the negative supply for external CMOS gate segment drivers. LCD display annunciators for decimal points, low battery indication, or function indication may be added without adding an additional supply. No more than 1mA should be supplied by the TEST pin; its potential is approximately 5V below V+ (see Figure ). GND 37 V+ Contact LCD manufacturer for full product listing and specifications. Hewlett-Packard Components To LCD Decimal Point 21 To LCD Backplane BP TC7106A Several LED manufacturers supply seven segment digits with and without decimal point annunciators for the TC7107A. 10.3 BP Representative Part Numbers* Crystaloid Electronics Hamlin, Inc. 4049 TC7106A TEST To LCD Decimal Point Decimal Point Select 4030 GND FIGURE 10-1: Decimal Point Drive Using Test as Logic Ground 10.4 Ratiometric Resistance Measurements The true differential input and differential reference make ratiometric reading possible. Typically in a ratiometric operation, an unknown resistance is measured, with respect to a known standard resistance. No accurately defined reference voltage is needed. The unknown resistance is put in series with a known standard and a current passed through the pair. The voltage developed across the unknown is applied to the input and the voltage across the known resistor is applied to the reference input. If the unknown equals the standard, the display will read 1000. The displayed reading can be determined from the following expression: RUnknown Displayed ( Reading ) = -------------------------------x1000 RS tan dard The display will over range for: RUNKNOWN ≥ 2 x RSTANDARD © 2006 Microchip Technology Inc. DS21455C-page 19 TC7106/A/TC7107/A To Pin 1 VREF+ V+ VREF- RSTANDARD LCD Display VIN+ TC7106A RUNKNOWN VIN- TC7106A Analog Common FIGURE 10-2: Low Parts Count Ratiometric Resistance Measurement + 160kΩ 300kΩ 9V 100kΩ 100pF 1kΩ 0.1μF V+ R1 50kΩ VIN+ + 0.47μF – 47kΩ 9V – 0.22μF To Display To Backplane V- TC7106A FIGURE 10-5: TC7106A, Using the Internal Reference: 200mV Full Scale, 3 Readings-PerSecond (RPS) VREF+ To Pin 1 Common FIGURE 10-3: Temperature Sensor TC7107A + 5.6kΩ 9V 160kΩ V+ R1 20kΩ V- VINVIN+ R3 IN 0.01μF VREF- 0.7%/°C PTC + VFS = 2V R2 50kΩ 1N914 22kΩ 1MΩ 300kΩ VIN- 1N4148 Sensor Set VREF = 100mV 40 39 38 37 36 35 34 33 32 31 30 29 28 27 26 25 24 23 22 21 R2 20kΩ TC7106A 40 39 38 37 36 35 34 33 32 31 30 29 28 27 26 25 24 23 22 21 Set VREF = 100mV 100kΩ 100pF +5V 0.1μF 1kΩ 22kΩ 1MΩ + IN 0.01μF 0.47μF – 47kΩ 0.22μF -5V To Display VREF+ VREFCommon FIGURE 10-6: TC7107 Internal Reference: 200mV Full Scale, 3RPS, VIN- Tied to GND for Single Ended Inputs FIGURE 10-4: Positive Temperature Coefficient Resistor Temperature Sensor DS21455C-page 20 © 2006 Microchip Technology Inc. TC7106/A/TC7107/A To PIn 1 V+ 40 1 To Logic VCC TC7106A To Logic VCC TC7107A V- O/R U/R 20 CD4023 OR 74C10 CD4077 21 O/R = Over Range U/R = Under Range 40 39 38 37 36 35 34 33 32 31 30 29 28 27 26 25 24 23 22 21 100kΩ Set VREF = 100mV 100pF 10kΩ 10kΩ V+ 0.1µF 1kΩ 1.2V 0.01μF IN 1MΩ 0.47μF – 47kΩ 0.22μF To Display Note: An external reference must be used in this application. FIGURE 10-7: Circuit for Developing Under Range and Over Range Signals from TC7106A Outputs FIGURE 10-9: TC7107 Operated from Single +5V Supply To Pin 1 TC7106A TC7107A 40 39 38 37 36 35 34 33 32 31 30 29 28 27 26 25 24 23 22 21 Set VREF = 1V 100kΩ 100pF 24kΩ V+ 0.1μF 25kΩ 1MΩ 0.01μF 0.047μF + IN – 470kΩ 0.22μF V- To Display FIGURE 10-8: TC7106/TC7107: Recommended Component Values for 2.00V Full Scale © 2006 Microchip Technology Inc. DS21455C-page 21 TC7106/A/TC7107/A + IN4148 200mV VIN 1mF 10kΩ 9MΩ 900kΩ 90kΩ 2V 0.02 mF 1MΩ 1MΩ 20V 200V 9V + 26 – 1 14 2 13 3 12 AD636 4 47kΩ 1W 10% 1 + 10 6 9 32 8 7 20kΩ 10% COM 29 28 35 V REF1MΩ 10% 10kΩ TC7106A 36 V REF+ 1kΩ 11 5 27 24kΩ – 6.8μF V- V+ 0.01 μF 2.2μF C1 = 3 - 10pF Variable C2 = 132pF Variable Analog Common 31 V + IN 40 30 38 26 VIN- 39 V- SEG DRIVE BP LCD Display FIGURE 10-10: 3-1/2 Digit True RMS AC DMM 9V 2 1 Constant 5V V+ V+ VREF+ REF02 VOUT ADJ TEMP 6 51kΩ R4 5 NC 3 5.1kΩ TC911 R2 R5 2 – 1 4 1.3k VINVOUT = 1.86V @ 25°C 50kΩ R1 GND 4 FIGURE 10-11: DS21455C-page 22 TC7106A VREFVFS = 2.00V 8 3 + Temperature Dependent Output 50kΩ VIN+ Common V26 Integrated Circuit Temperature Sensor © 2006 Microchip Technology Inc. TC7106/A/TC7107/A 11.0 PACKAGING INFORMATION 11.1 Package Marking Information Package marking data not available at this time. 11.2 Taping Form Component Taping Orientation for 44-Pin PLCC Devices User Direction of Feed Pin 1 W P Standard Reel Component Orientation for 713 Suffix Device Carrier Tape, Number of Components Per Reel and Reel Size Package 44-Pin PLCC Carrier Width (W) Pitch (P) Part Per Full Reel Reel Size 32 mm 24 mm 500 13 in Note: Drawing does not represent total number of pins. Component Taping Orientation for 44-Pin PQFP Devices User Direction of Feed Pin 1 W P Standard Reel Component Orientation for 713 Suffix Device Carrier Tape, Number of Components Per Reel and Reel Size Package 44-Pin PQFP Carrier Width (W) Pitch (P) Part Per Full Reel Reel Size 24 mm 16 mm 500 13 in Note: Drawing does not represent total number of pins. © 2006 Microchip Technology Inc. DS21455C-page 23 TC7106/A/TC7107/A 11.3 Package Dimensions 40-Pin PDIP (Wide) Pin 1 .555 (14.10) .530 (13.46) 2.065 (52.45) 2.027 (51.49) .610 (15.49) .590 (14.99) .200 (5.08) .140 (3.56) .040 (1.02) .020 (0.51) .150 (3.81) .115 (2.92) .110 (2.79) .090 (2.29) .070 (1.78) .045 (1.14) .015 (0.38) .008 (0.20) 3° Min. .700 (17.78) .610 (15.50) .022 (0.56) .015 (0.38) Dimensions: inches (mm) 40-Pin CERDIP (Wide) Pin 1 .540 (13.72) .510 (12.95) .030 (0.76) Min. .098 (2.49) Max. 2.070 (52.58) 2.030 (51.56) .620 (15.75) .590 (15.00) .060 (1.52) .020 (0.51) .210 (5.33) .170 (4.32) .150 (3.81) Min. .200 (5.08) .125 (3.18) .110 (2.79) .090 (2.29) .065 (1.65) .045 (1.14) .020 (0.51) .016 (0.41) .015 (0.38) .008 (0.20) 3° Min. .700 (17.78) .620 (15.75) Dimensions: inches (mm) DS21455C-page 24 © 2006 Microchip Technology Inc. TC7106/A/TC7107/A 11.4 Package Dimensions (Continued) W P Standard Reel Component Orientation for 713 Suffix Device Carrier Tape, Number of Components Per Reel and Reel Size Package Carrier Width (W) Pitch (P) Part Per Full Reel Reel Size 32 mm 24 mm 500 13 in 44-Pin PLCC Note: Drawing does not represent total number of pins. Dimensions: inches (mm) 44-Pin PQFP 7° Max. .009 (0.23) .005 (0.13) Pin 1 .018 (0.45) .012 (0.30) .041 (1.03) .026 (0.65) .398 (10.10) .390 (9.90) .557 (14.15) .537 (13.65) .031 (0.80) TYP. .398 (10.10) .390 (9.90) .557 (14.15) .537 (13.65) .010 (0.25) Typ. .083 (2.10) .075 (1.90) .096 (2.45) Max. Dimensions: inches (mm) © 2006 Microchip Technology Inc. DS21455C-page 25 TC7106/A/TC7107/A NOTES: DS21455C-page 26 © 2006 Microchip Technology Inc. TC7106/A/TC7107/A THE MICROCHIP WEB SITE CUSTOMER SUPPORT Microchip provides online support via our WWW site at www.microchip.com. This web site is used as a means to make files and information easily available to customers. Accessible by using your favorite Internet browser, the web site contains the following information: Users of Microchip products can receive assistance through several channels: • Product Support – Data sheets and errata, application notes and sample programs, design resources, user’s guides and hardware support documents, latest software releases and archived software • General Technical Support – Frequently Asked Questions (FAQ), technical support requests, online discussion groups, Microchip consultant program member listing • Business of Microchip – Product selector and ordering guides, latest Microchip press releases, listing of seminars and events, listings of Microchip sales offices, distributors and factory representatives • • • • • Distributor or Representative Local Sales Office Field Application Engineer (FAE) Technical Support Development Systems Information Line Customers should contact their distributor, representative or field application engineer (FAE) for support. Local sales offices are also available to help customers. A listing of sales offices and locations is included in the back of this document. Technical support is available through the web site at: http://support.microchip.com CUSTOMER CHANGE NOTIFICATION SERVICE Microchip’s customer notification service helps keep customers current on Microchip products. Subscribers will receive e-mail notification whenever there are changes, updates, revisions or errata related to a specified product family or development tool of interest. To register, access the Microchip web site at www.microchip.com, click on Customer Change Notification and follow the registration instructions. © 2006 Microchip Technology Inc. DS21455C-page 27 TC7106/A/TC7107/A READER RESPONSE It is our intention to provide you with the best documentation possible to ensure successful use of your Microchip product. If you wish to provide your comments on organization, clarity, subject matter, and ways in which our documentation can better serve you, please FAX your comments to the Technical Publications Manager at (480) 792-4150. Please list the following information, and use this outline to provide us with your comments about this document. To: Technical Publications Manager RE: Reader Response Total Pages Sent ________ From: Name Company Address City / State / ZIP / Country Telephone: (_______) _________ - _________ FAX: (______) _________ - _________ Application (optional): Would you like a reply? Y Device: TC7106/A/TC7107/A N Literature Number: DS21455C Questions: 1. What are the best features of this document? 2. How does this document meet your hardware and software development needs? 3. Do you find the organization of this document easy to follow? If not, why? 4. What additions to the document do you think would enhance the structure and subject? 5. What deletions from the document could be made without affecting the overall usefulness? 6. Is there any incorrect or misleading information (what and where)? 7. How would you improve this document? DS21455C-page 28 © 2006 Microchip Technology Inc. TC7106/A/TC7107A PRODUCT IDENTIFICATION SYSTEM To order or obtain information, e.g., on pricing or delivery, refer to the factory or the listed sales office. PART CODE 6 = LCD 7 = LED TC711X X X XXX } A or blank* R (reversed pins) or blank (CPL pkg only) * "A" parts have an improved reference TC Package Code (see below): © 2006 Microchip Technology Inc. DS21455C-page 29 TC7106/A/TC7107A NOTES: DS21455C-page 30 © 2006 Microchip Technology Inc. Note the following details of the code protection feature on Microchip devices: • Microchip products meet the specification contained in their particular Microchip Data Sheet. • Microchip believes that its family of products is one of the most secure families of its kind on the market today, when used in the intended manner and under normal conditions. • There are dishonest and possibly illegal methods used to breach the code protection feature. All of these methods, to our knowledge, require using the Microchip products in a manner outside the operating specifications contained in Microchip’s Data Sheets. Most likely, the person doing so is engaged in theft of intellectual property. • Microchip is willing to work with the customer who is concerned about the integrity of their code. • Neither Microchip nor any other semiconductor manufacturer can guarantee the security of their code. Code protection does not mean that we are guaranteeing the product as “unbreakable.” Code protection is constantly evolving. We at Microchip are committed to continuously improving the code protection features of our products. Attempts to break Microchip’s code protection feature may be a violation of the Digital Millennium Copyright Act. If such acts allow unauthorized access to your software or other copyrighted work, you may have a right to sue for relief under that Act. Information contained in this publication regarding device applications and the like is provided only for your convenience and may be superseded by updates. It is your responsibility to ensure that your application meets with your specifications. MICROCHIP MAKES NO REPRESENTATIONS OR WARRANTIES OF ANY KIND WHETHER EXPRESS OR IMPLIED, WRITTEN OR ORAL, STATUTORY OR OTHERWISE, RELATED TO THE INFORMATION, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO ITS CONDITION, QUALITY, PERFORMANCE, MERCHANTABILITY OR FITNESS FOR PURPOSE. Microchip disclaims all liability arising from this information and its use. Use of Microchip devices in life support and/or safety applications is entirely at the buyer’s risk, and the buyer agrees to defend, indemnify and hold harmless Microchip from any and all damages, claims, suits, or expenses resulting from such use. No licenses are conveyed, implicitly or otherwise, under any Microchip intellectual property rights. Trademarks The Microchip name and logo, the Microchip logo, Accuron, dsPIC, KEELOQ, microID, MPLAB, PIC, PICmicro, PICSTART, PRO MATE, PowerSmart, rfPIC, and SmartShunt are registered trademarks of Microchip Technology Incorporated in the U.S.A. and other countries. AmpLab, FilterLab, Migratable Memory, MXDEV, MXLAB, SEEVAL, SmartSensor and The Embedded Control Solutions Company are registered trademarks of Microchip Technology Incorporated in the U.S.A. Analog-for-the-Digital Age, Application Maestro, dsPICDEM, dsPICDEM.net, dsPICworks, ECAN, ECONOMONITOR, FanSense, FlexROM, fuzzyLAB, In-Circuit Serial Programming, ICSP, ICEPIC, Linear Active Thermistor, Mindi, MiWi, MPASM, MPLIB, MPLINK, PICkit, PICDEM, PICDEM.net, PICLAB, PICtail, PowerCal, PowerInfo, PowerMate, PowerTool, REAL ICE, rfLAB, rfPICDEM, Select Mode, Smart Serial, SmartTel, Total Endurance, UNI/O, WiperLock and ZENA are trademarks of Microchip Technology Incorporated in the U.S.A. and other countries. SQTP is a service mark of Microchip Technology Incorporated in the U.S.A. All other trademarks mentioned herein are property of their respective companies. © 2006, Microchip Technology Incorporated, Printed in the U.S.A., All Rights Reserved. Printed on recycled paper. Microchip received ISO/TS-16949:2002 certification for its worldwide headquarters, design and wafer fabrication facilities in Chandler and Tempe, Arizona, Gresham, Oregon and Mountain View, California. The Company’s quality system processes and procedures are for its PICmicro® 8-bit MCUs, KEELOQ® code hopping devices, Serial EEPROMs, microperipherals, nonvolatile memory and analog products. In addition, Microchip’s quality system for the design and manufacture of development systems is ISO 9001:2000 certified. © 2006 Microchip Technology Inc. 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